#earl of dundonald

[hmsspeedy]

Cochrane made an experiment with a big kite by using it as a sort of additional foresail when he commanded HMS Pallas in 1806.

Quite obviously the 'innovative' use of gigantic kites to propel ships is not as new as companies like Airseas want make us believe.

Here is the story of Cochrane's big kite, narrated by himself in his autobiography:

'On our way home, we one day made an experiment which even now I believe might occasionally be turned to account; viz. the construction of gigantic kites to give additional impetus to ships. With this view a studdingsailboom was lashed across a spare flying jibboom to form the framework, and over this a large spread of canvas was sewn in the usual boys' fashion. My spars were, however, of unequal dimensions throughout, and this and our launching the kite caused it to roll greatly. Possibly, too, I might not have been sufficiently experienced in the mysteries of "wings and tail" for though the kite pulled with a will, it made such occasional lurches as gave reason to fear for the too sudden expenditure of his Majesty's stores. The power of such machines, properly constructed, would be very great ; and in the case of a constant wind, might be useful. The experiment, however, showed that kites of smaller dimensions would have answered better.'

Images:

Portrait of Lord Cochrane

HMS Pallas Entering Plymouth Harbour by

Thomas Lyde Hornbrook (1780 - 1850)

Using gigantic kites to propel ships

[marryat92]

Heir to the ninth Earl of Dundonald, but to no fortune, Thomas Cochrane had already made his own at sea. That same year, soon after Nelson’s funeral, he had brought his frigate, the Pallas, into Plymouth Sound, after a successful cruise, with three golden candelabra lashed to her mastheads. He was even more famous for his capture of a Spanish frigate with a little sloop he had commanded, boarding the enemy and bringing her into Gibraltar with two hundred and sixty-three prisoners below deck. [...] A word from Joseph Marryat to Cochrane and the latter agreed to take the former’s son to sea with him as a first class volunteer.

— Tom Pocock, Captain Marryat: Seaman, Writer, and Adventurer

The Action and Capture of the Spanish Xebeque Frigate 'El Gamo' (detail) by Clarkson Stanfield c. 1845.

[scotianostra]

March 2nd 1316 saw the death of Princess Marjorie Bruce daughter of Robert the Bruce at the age of only 19.

Marjorie may have been a princess, but her short life was marred by tragedy from her birth, she was the only child of the 1st marriage of Robert I, The Bruce and was probably born in December 1296, the same eventful month that Edward I of England, the self-styled 'Hammer of the Scots', invaded Scotland and laid siege to Berwick.

At the end of June 1306 the 9-year-old princess, together with her stepmother and other women-folk of The Bruce's family, were sent for safety to Kildrummy Castle, escorted by Nigel Bruce and the Earl of Atholl. It was intended that they would then take refuge in Orkney until times were easier, but the English army was already at Aberdeen and the royal ladies moved on to Tain, north of Inverness, still hoping for a boat. Here they were captured in the sanctuary of St. Duthac and sent to Edward of England, then at Lanercost Priory in Cumberland. They were separated from each other and Marjorie was sent to a convent, where she remained until her release 8 years later.

She was not yet eighteen at the time of the battle of Bannockburn, 24 June 1314. One of the heroes of that great victory over the English was her second cousin once removed, Walter Stewart, 6th Lord High Steward, some four years her senior, whom she married in the following year, within a year she was with child.

Whether through rashness, fearlessness or ignorance of the possible consequences, Princess Marjorie went out riding near Paisley while heavily pregnant. Her horse, taking fright at something, reared up, Marjorie was thrown violently to the ground and immediately went into premature labour. Her only child, the future Robert II, was delivered at the roadside by Caesarean section (the first authentic record of such an operation being performed since the birth of the eponymous Julius Caesar). The beautiful Marjorie died within a few hours, aged only about 19 years, her last words are reported to have been 'He's a laddie; I ken he's a laddie; he will be king'. Her improbable dying prophecy eventually came true, but not for another fifty-five years.

A cairn at the junction of Dundonald road and Renfrew Road in Paisley is said to mark the area where she fell, it reads.....“Near this spot the princess Marjory Bruce was fatally injured by falling from her horse 1316. Her son born posthumously became Robert the second First of the Stewart kings of Scotland”.

Now that's the traditional story about Marjorie Bruce, however more recent historians say she may have actually survived the birth of her son, perhaps for as long as 18 months after, they can't agree on this though, some are saying she still died due to coming off a horse, others don't go into the detail, no matter what, she still died at a young age.

Marjorie Bruce was laid to rest in Paisley Abbey.

[lost-victorian-sailor]

Cochrane Friday: brief summary of Cochrane's life and influence

Hello everyone! Recently I decided to post things about my interests in my vk groups (it is a russian social network), but now I also want to post my content here! So here is a short post about Lord Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald!

[if-you-fan-a-fire]

"FORMER POLICEMAN ADMITS TIRE THEFT," Toronto Star. April 10, 1934. Page 4. --- Three Damage Actions Resulting From Collisions on Docket === Cobourg, April 10. - Mr. Justice J. A. McEvoy was welcomed at the opening of assize court by Col. F. D. Boggs, K. C., who extended the greetings of the Northumberland and Durham Bar Association yesterday. G. N. Gordon, K.C., tendered greeting on behalf of the Peterboro bar. Both referred to the sudden death of the late Mr. Justice Eric Armour, who was to have presided at the assizes here.

Three damage actions arising out of collision of a car driven by Donald Tulloch, Sydenham, with a parked Martin transport, near Port Hope last fall, were settled out of court. Tullock vs. Martin Transport was settled for $900 and costs: Earle Tesky, a passenger in Tulloch's car sued the transport company and Tullock for $25,000, the case being settled. Donald and Jessie Weese, also passengers in the car, sued Tullock and the transport company. settling for $500 and costs.

Settle Action for Damages A damage action brought by W. Thomas, Dundonald, against S. Brunskill, Toronto, asking damages for injuries sustained while a passenger in the defendant's car, was settled upon further payment of $900 and costs.

Edward Dale of Brighton township was found guilty of theft yesterday by Magistrate J. H. Davidson and remanded in jail until April 16. Dale, who states he was at one time a member of the Oshawa police force, was found guilty of stealing a tire, rim and tire chain.

[ltwilliammowett]

These epaulettes are the 1846 pattern worn by Admiral Lord Thomas Cochrane (1775-1860), 10th Earl of Dundonald.

These epaulettes were originally acquired by Cochrane in 1848 when he received his final appointment as Commander-in-Chief of the West Indies. When he was promoted to Admiral in 1851, the third star was added to them.

[peashooter85]

Magnificent and Superb Royal Cased Pair of Lavishly Gold Inlaid Percussion Pistols by Manceaux of Paris Presented to Captain Thomas, Lord Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald, by Louis Philippe, King of France 

from Rock Island Auctions

[thisdayinwwi]

Dec 14 1914 -  WMD - Dundonald’s Destroyer

The Tacoma Times. December 14 1914

UK has WMD that would kill 1/3 of the population of Europe, “Dundonald’s destroyer”

England, If Beaten to Her Knees, May Resort to ‘Inhuman Destroyer*

Tower of London Holds Admiral’s Secret Plans for Engine of Destruction “Too Terrible to Give to the World”- Could Wipe Germans and Germany from Map in an Hour-“Not Warfare, But Wholesale Slaughter!”

-Will Britain Use It Now In Its Great Hour of Need? London, England, Dec 14- Will England, driven to desperation, annihilate the Teutonic race? Will she resort to the secret that, for more than 100 years, she has considered too terrible to use?

Will England employ “Dundonald’s famous destroyer” and at one blow exterminate millions of human beings? Three times England, when in sore straits, has considered using “Dundonald’s destroyer,” which is the mystery of the world’s warfare, and three times the military and civil authorities of England have revolted at the idea of such wholesale slaughter!

Dundonald himself, when he discovered the mysterious destroyer, declared that the whole soul of man revolted at the idea of such sacrifice and that once employed, any nation might use it, and that its first use was but a forerunner of the destruction of the entire human race.

The Seattle Star., December 18 1914

England Guards Secret Engine of Destruction Which Could Wipe Germans Off Map in Hour

LONDON’, England, Dec. 15 —Will England. driven to desperation, annihilate the Teutonic race? Will she resort to the secret that, for more than 100 years, she has considered too terrible to use? Will England employ “Dundonald’s famous destroyer” and at one blow exterminate millions of human beings? Three times England, when in sore straits, has considered using Dundonald’s destroyer,“ which is the mystery of the world’s warfare and three times the military and civil authorities of England have revolted at the idea of such "wholesale slaughter!”

What is Dundonald’s destroyer? At the present time it is said, the appalling secret is locked up in sealed vaults in the Tower of London. But three persons one of the royal family, one of the army and one of the navy know what it is.

Thomas Cochrane tenth Earl of Dundonald, one of the most daring of the British sea lords, was also the greatest inventor of his time. In 1810 he led the British in the attack upon the French fleet in Basque Roads, one of the greatest feats of British naval history. He was kept from destroying the enemy only by the gross conduct of his superior officer, Lord Gambler. In a rage Dundonald made a frantic assault upon Gambler, and Gambler, backed by the corrupt admiralty, succeeded in disgracing Dundonald and forcing his retirement. Dundonald. experimenting with gases and chemicals, suddenly appeared before the admiralty, demanding the appointment of a small committee to investigate his “new invention.” He claimed that his invention furnished an “infallible means of securing at one blow our military supremacy; of commencing and terminating a war by one victory.”

A royal committee investigated. It reported that Dundonald’s destroyer would do all that he claimed; that either on sea or land it was irresistible and infallible! The government refused to adopt it, however. The committee had reported that its “devastation would be inhuman; it would transcend the limits of permissible warfare.” The report urged “that it be kept a secret, lest some other power get it and use it for the annihilation of England and the conquest of the world.” In 1846 the admiralty appointed another investigating committee of high officials. In January, 1847, this committee reported that, “beyond aid’s destroyer not only would defeat, but would actually destroy, sweep out of existence, annihilate any hostile force. To use such utter devastation would be contrary to the principles of warfare.” During the Crimean war the government, hard pressed and desperate, was inclined to use the mysterious destroyer against the Russians. The admiralty once voted to use the device, provided Dundonald would instruct two officers as to how to employ it against Sevastopol. He stated that we would use it himself personally if permitted full freedom, and that it “meant the death of the operator as well as the enemy.” The government again refused to permit such a crime against humanity. Tradition among military experts is that the committee of 1847 wrote a full and complete list of direction as to the operation of the destroyer and that these direction have been sealed in a vault in the Tower of London for years.

There is a great breakdown of this news story by Reddit’s r/AskHistorians. Short answer: “Its poison gas, but it doesn’t appear that the author of the news story knows that … Dundonald is better known to us as the Admiral Lord Cochrane”

Lord Dundonald’s residence in Halifax, Nova Scotia, while Commander-in-Chief of the North America Station (1848–1851)

[clove-pinks]

I did not appreciate until just now that the famous Admiral Thomas Cochrane, Le Loup des Mers and hero of the navies of multiple nations, was also known as a fashion-forward champion of trousers.

On the historically sketchy state of obeying regulations in British naval dress, Dudley Jarrett writes, “Even when regulations became clearer they were apt to be ignored. Captain Lord Cochrane wore bell-bottomed trousers.” And there’s a black-and-white reproduction of that picture of Cochrane:

In Jarrett’s book British Naval Dress this is captioned: “1795-1812. Captain (over three years’ seniority), undress coat. The wearing of trousers in place of breeches was unauthorized. Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl Dundonald.” (emphasis mine)

[elissastillstands]

The sky in the old maps is separated from hers by thousands of years, but it is still the same expanse of light and dark which goes ever onwards. There might now be mission logs and careful charts instead of tales of sand crabs and stone dragons, but time has done little to alter how they look at the sky. They still spin stories of the black. They still draw pictures across the infinite stretches of space and fill out the dark places between the stars with hopeful words, staring out into black with yearning for that which they do not know.

An edit of Philippa as a naval official for @starfleetdoesntfirefirst!

Painting used: James Ramsay, Portrait of Admiral Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald, ca. 1830. All other images belong to CBS and the Star Trek: Discovery franchise.

[bantarleton]

HMS Speedy - launched in 1782, this tiny 14-gun sloop lived a life of epic proportions, embarking on a legendary path of destruction, capturing, sinking or driving into shore no less than sixty ships, sometimes several times the size and power of her own and often singlehandedly, becoming the pint sized scourge of the Mediterranean. On her decks saw the beginnings of some of the greatest admirals honoured by multiple nations. During the French Revolutionary Wars, she was transfered to the Mediterranean where she spent her career under a number of remarkable commanders that earned her fame. Her first commander in the Mediterranean was Charles Cunningham. Speedy assisted in the capture of the French 36-gun frigate Modeste and two armed tartanes on 5 October 1793 in the raid on Genoa. HMS Speedy together with the 74-gun HMS Captain captured another frigate the 40-gun Imperieuse. Cunningham was replaced by George Cockburn in command of HMS Speedy. Speedy joined a squadron blockading Genoa where she she kept vigilant even when the rest of the fleet was driven away by a storm while she single-handedly captured several vessels. Commander George Eyre took over command on February 1794. She supported the siege and capture of Bastia. She was captured and spent only a brief time sailing under the French flag after she ran into a French fleet under Rear-Admiral Pierre Martin. In the following year, Speedy under the command of Thomas Elphinstone joined a squadron consisting of the 64-gun ships HMS Agamemnon and HMS Diadem, the 32-gun frigates HMS Meleager and HMS Blanche and the ship-sloop HMS Peterel. She participated in capturing several ships. Elphinstone was succeeded by Commander Hugh Downman in August 1797. During his time, Speedy captured five privateers, Domine Lucas on 1 August, Palma on 13 September, Pilgrim (Peregrino) on December, Virgen de los Remedios (alias Olivia) on 1 January 1798; and, San Jose (San José; alias Garalin) on 15 March. On 3 February 1798, Speedy with a newly captured Spanish prize encountered the 18-gun privateer Papillon. Speedy and her prize managed to drive off Papillon. Downman was replaced on January of the following year by Commander Jahleel Brenton. On 9 August 1799, Speedy together with a British privateer Defender captured three small Spanish ships. On 3 October, speedy successfully drove off ten small gunboats that were attempting to attack a British Convoy, and foiled another attempt of twelve ships three days later. On March 1800 Commander Lord Thomas Cochrane, 10th earl of Dundonald, took over command of Speedy. Thomas Cochrane was a legendary sailor himself. At first Cochrane was unimpressed with Speedy. But he would embark on a path of destruction while commanding the tiny sloop. On 11 May, Speedy captured the French privateer Intrépide off the coast Cagliari. She captured another seven or eight vessels that June and July, including the 10-gun privateer Asuncion off Bastia on 25 June and the privateer Constitution off Caprea on 19 July. On 22 January 1801, Speedy was sailing along a convoy of Danish ship while under a Danish flag pretending to escort them. When a 10-gun French ship and 8-gun Spanish brig approached, Speedy hoisted British colours and attacked, capturing both of them. On 24 February, Speedy captured the French brig Caroline. On 6 May 1801, Speedy boarded and captured the Spanish 32-gun xebec Gamo that had a crew four times that of Speedy. In 1847 the Admiralty awarded the Naval General Service Medal with clasp "Speedy 6 May 1801" to all surviving claimants from the action. On June 1801, Speedy joined the 16-gun HMS Kangaroo in attacking a Spanish convoy of twelve merchant ships and five armed ships. The two ships sank or drove ashore all of the Spanish ships with the exception of three brigs which they captured. By July of 1801, Speedy had captured or sunk fifty-three enemy ships under Lord Cochrane alone, becoming the scourge of the Mediterranean. On 3 July, a formidable French squadron under the command of Rear-Admiral Charles-Alexandre Léon Durand Linois sighted and chased Speedy. Despite efforts to lighten the ship, the French caught up and after narrowly avoiding the broadside fire of Desaix, Cochrane struck his colours. In the end, it took three French ships of the line with 70 guns each to stop the tiny sloop's rampage. Cochrane was taken aboard one of the ships the Desaix whose captain, Christy-Pallière, refused to accept Cochrane's sword out of respect. Painting by Geoff Hunt

[hmsspeedy]

"He is tall, so very tall , that an habitual and considerable stoop does not prevent his overtopping all about him; his large, bony, though gaunt frame, exhibits signs of prodigious strength; his face is long and narrow; his sandy complexion looks more so, from a large pair of reddish whiskers; and his eyes, which are quick and sparkling, indicate rather mildness than ferocity of temper. His manner is polite and very gentle; his susceptibilities the most acute, and there can be no one more kind-hearted, none more ready to pity or weep at the sight of distress in others. His passions are quick and violent, yet under the control of his reason; and there is in his plans a strange mixture of daring and prudence. His talents are of an original and extraordinary cast; and every question or remark that drops from him indicates an intelligent and inquisitive mind. To all those high qualities, he adds the most ardent love of enterprize and a calm indifference to danger."

This is a description of Lord Cochrane in his early 50s by Samuel G. Howe M.D. ,chief surgeon to the Greek fleet during the Greek Revolution

[scotlandsladies]

The Ladies ♕ Queen Consorts [14/25] ↳ Euphemia de Ross (before 1333 -1387), Queen Consort from 1371 to 1386

Euphemia de Ross’ date of birth is unknown, but was born sometime before 1333, to Hugh, Earl of Ross, a favourite of King Robert I, and Margaret Graham. It is likely she may have been born before November 1329, when her parents received a papal dispensation for their marriage, which also included any children already born of the marriage. Around 1343 Euphemia married John Randolph, earl of Moray. The marriage was probably short-lived, as John died at the battle of Neville’s Cross in 1346. Euphemia would remain a widow for almost a decade, until she married Robert Stewart on 2 May 1355. Sixteen years after their marriage he ascended the throne as Robert III. Although Euphemia was styled queen from then on, she herself was not crowned alongside him in March 1371. Instead she waited almost two years until her own coronation, sometime between December 1372 and March 1373. Even though her first marriage was childless, Euphemia and the King had atleast four children. Including David, the future earl of Strathearn, who was born in 1357, two years after his parent’s marriage. Then Walter, earl of Atholl a future instigator in the death of James I, who was born in 1360. Two daughters followed, Elizabeth and Egidia. Euphemia had the role of mother to her own children, as well as, being a stepmother to her husband’s older children with Elizabeth Mure. She also would have managed her husband’s estates during his absences, in addition to, attending masses, supplying charity to the poor, supporting the local clergy, managing her own property and perhaps visiting her family in Dingwall. By 1384, Robert was frail and nearly blind. His eldest son, by Elizabeth, John, Earl of Carrick took over most of his work as King and Robert retired to his castle of Dundonald. Euphemia died in 1387, with Robert dying three years later. They were both buried at Scone.

[scotianostra]

Robert III was crowned King of Scots on August 14th 1390 at Scone.

King Robert was born as John, he took the name Robert as his given name brought back defeatist memories of John Balliol. He was also illegitimate, his Father, Robert II, the first of The Stewart, and his mother Elizabeth Mure, although were married in 1336, the marriage was not recognised by the Catholic Church, they received a matrimonial Papal dispensation in 1347, and the young John/Robert was made legitimate.

He succeeded his father as King of Scots in 1390, he was advanced in years by then, at 53, and to make matters worse had been deemed lame, after a kick from a horse in 1388 in a tournament. He was married to Annabella Drummond, the daughter of Sir John Drummond, of Stobhall, near Perth, 11th Thane of Lennox and Chief of Clan Drummond, and Mary Montifex. Her father’s sister was Margaret Drummond, the second wife of David II.

The new King, like his father before him, was weak willed, hesitant and ineffectual, anything less like his namesake the great Robert he Bruce is difficult to imagine. Anarchy reigned in Scotland during the years of his feeble rule, the country was beset by problems including rivalry between the Highlanders, his brothers and the lords of the isles.

The King’s more forceful brother, Robert, Duke of Albany, had been appointed Governor of the realm by their elderly father, towards the end of his reign. The King took over these powers, but owing to the King’s ‘sickness of body’, the council humiliatingly removed them from him and vested them in his eldest son, David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay, appointing him as lieutenant of the kingdom. The Duke of Albany proceeded to have David arrested and imprison David, who died in mysterious circumstances at Falkland Palace in 1402 and his uncle Robert again took up the title. According to rumour rife at the time, David was starved to death. Albany and Douglas fell under suspicion of the murder of David but were cleared of all blame by a general council.

While at Dundonald Castle in Ayrshire and in failing health, Robert made an attempt to save his second son and heir, the twelve year old Prince James, from the ambitions of the powerful Albany, whom he strongly suspected of contrivance in the murder of his elder son. Robert had James hidden at Dirleton Castle and on February 1406, he was dispatched to France. James had to escape to the Bass Rock in the Firth of Forth along with the Earl of Orkney after his escorts were attacked by James Douglas of Balvenie. They remained on the rock for over a month before a ship from Danzig, en route for France picked them up. On 22 March 1406 the ship meant to be carrying James to safety was attacked and taken by English pirates just off Flamborough Head and the heir to Scotland was taken prisoner to the court of Henry IV of England.

The disastrous news was brought to the aging King Robert Rothesay castle. Distraught and depressed by the event and overcome with his grief and despair he asked to be buried with the epitaph 'Here lies the worst of Kings and the most miserable of men.’ He died soon after on 4th April, 1406 and was buried at Paisley Abbey. The original tomb was destroyed in 1560 during the Scottish reformation . Queen Victoria later paid for the construction of the present tomb when she visited Paisley Abbey in 1888.

Scotland would be without a King for 18 years as James I remained a prisoner of the English, albeit, with all the trappings and education etc afforded to someone of his high office.

[catherinestuart]

ROTHESAY HAD LAST HOSTED THE NATIONAL ROYAL MÒD IN 1952, however, it was not the only significant milestone evident in yesterday’s opening ceremonies. crowds were surprised to see prince andrew arrive just ten minutes before the arrival of the crown princess, taking a seat in the royal box of the concert hall alongside the marquess and marchioness of bute, and the earl and countess of dundonald. 

royal commentators were quick to analyse the palace’s significant decision in the royal couple’s separate entrance, as a way to minimise protocol that must be extended to the consort of a future monarch. since prince andrew had not yet wed the crown princess, it would be inappropriate for such protocol to be expended just yet, the palace had confirmed that it by no means meant to snub prince andrew in any way, and that the couple remained close and in good spirits for the rest of the evening. the crown princess, looking radiant in an embroidered zuhair murad dress, had kept accessories simple with a pair of white diamond and pearl earrings, and her new engagement ring; a beaufort family heirloom. 

the highlight of the evening was the crown princess’ address, in which the importance of a uniquely scottish identity was highlighted, along with her pledge to support and sustain scottish culture, culminating in her donation of £100,000 in the queen’s name. speaking shortly to the members of the press after her speech, princess catherine had confirmed the rumours of her returning to oxford university to continue her studies, as well as publicly condemning the recent surge of corruption by elected members of parliament. at the questions regarding prince andrew’s first appearance alongside the princess since their engagement announcement, princess catherine remarked that “(he) was very excited to see the performances, and interested in touring the country as soon as possible.”

sources close to the crown princess had remarked upon prince andrew’s interest in his fiancée’s duties in and around the event, as well as spoken to numerous friends and acquaintances of the crown princess that were present at the festival. the royal couple were seen together hosting the informal after-party held in princess catherine’s private home; mount stuart house. it has been reported that the couple will be hosting the prince consort and princess margaret over the course of the weekend instead of flying to edinburgh before departing to the international court’s undisclosed location. 

[historicalfirearms]

Some Boer War Machine Guns

These photographs from the Second Boer War show British and Empire troops in South Africa posing with machine guns. The first photograph shows a Colt Model 1895 mounted on a Dundonald galloping carriage (named for its inventor, Douglas Cochrane, 12th Earl of Dundonald, who commanded the South Natal Field Force’s Mounted Brigade).

The other guns are tripod mounted Maxim Guns. It’s difficult to tell from the photographs but the guns are likely Model 1893 Maxims mounted on Mk II tripods. The three photographs featuring the Maxim guns show it set up in camp all without ammunition. While the Boers are said to have made good use of the small number of Maxim guns they had at the outset of the Second Boer War, the British tried to use them to their advantage as well with some even being privately purchased. 

Lieutenant-Colonel Alexander Thorneycroft, a British mounted infantry officer, later reported:

“The moral effect produced on the enemy by machine gun fire has been great. I have frequently used it to support the advance of my scouts... on one occasion, [they] entirely cleared the camp of German [Boer] commando, and on all occasions has given valuable assistance in keeping down the enemy’s fire, especially their long-range sniping.”

Thorneycroft felt that the heavy limbers and carriages, even lighter ones like the Dundonald galloping carriage, were a hindrance and that tripods were more flexible and manoeuvrable. 

Sources:

Images: 1 2 3 4

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