#historical places in Delhi

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Delve into Delhi's captivating history with our list of the Top 10 Historical Places in Delhi. From the majestic Red Fort to the exquisite Humayun's Tomb, these sites are a journey through time. 🇮🇳 Explore the heart of India's heritage.

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Best Historical Places in Delhi

Best Historical Places in Delhi

Red Fort

The Red Fort is a significant historical site in Delhi. It was made by Shahjahan using colourful red stone. Mughal rulers lived here for about 200 years. Every year on Independence Day, the Prime Minister raises the Indian flag and speaks to the country from the main gate. Inside the fort, there's a museum, garden, royal rooms, and a public hall that tell stories from the past. Location: Netaji Subhash Road, Chandni Chowk.     Timings: Everyday from 9.30 am – 4.30pm. except Monday. Entry fees: Rs. 35/- for Indian, Rs. 500/- for foreigners.

Humayun’s Tomb

This stunning building is one of the well-kept Mughal monuments. It was constructed by Hamida Banu in 1572 to honour her husband, Emperor Humayun. The design mixes Persian and Indian styles, and it has gardens with water and pathways like paradise gardens in the Quran. The building has two levels, made from red stone, while the tomb uses yellow and black marble.

Location: Mathura Road, opposite Dargah Nizamuddin. Timings: Sunrise to sunset all days. Entry fees: Indian visitors- Rs.30/-, Foreigners visitors- Rs.500/-

Qutub Minar

India's tallest tower, Qutub Minar, is a UNESCO world heritage site made from vibrant red sandstone and marble.

This tower is surrounded by other important ancient and medieval buildings from the Mughal times. The tower itself is 73 meters tall, with five stories and a spiral staircase of 379 steps that lead to the top. Delhi holds many historical sites.

Location: Mehrauli near Chhatarpur temple complex, Qutub Minar and Saket are the nearest metro station. Timings: 7.00am – 5.00pm all days. Entry fees:  Indian visitors- Rs.30/-, Foreigners visitors- Rs.500/-

Chhota Qutub Minar

The minuscule village, Hast-sthal literally meaning the land of elephants has a hidden gem, namely the Chota Qutub Minar. This 17th century 5 storied Minaret commissioned by the Mughal emperor Shahjahan is now amidst dense residential locality, bustling bazaar, residential annexes and busy roads leading you to this historical Place in Delhi. Once a regal grandeur in red sandstones and bricks adorned with white marble is now in an obscure state. The emperor used this as his royal hunting lodge post his quest for the wild in the surrounding dense forest area. Location: Hastsal Village, Uttam Nagar, West Delhi Timings: All the time. Entry fees: Free

India Gate

India Gate is a war memorial on Janpath built in the memory of the 70,000 soldiers of the British Indian Army who laid their lives in World War 1. A structure in black marble plinth with a reversed rifle capped by a war helmet bounded by four eternal flames beneath the towering Memorial archway is the Amar Jawan Jyoti. It is the best place to enjoy with friends in Delhi and to click some good pictures. The flame of the immortal warrior has been burning since 1971 and is customary for the President or the Prime Minister to pay homage at the shrine on every state ceremony. Weekends attract a lot of locals and tourists as they find an opportunity of indulging in quite a large list of things to do in delhi. India Gate nowadays is the favourite hangout place for Delhiites! Location: Near Rajpath Timings: All the time. Entry fees: Free.

Hauz Khas Fort

Hauz Khas Fort was built by Alauddin Khilji in 1284 to provide unlimited water supply to Siri Fort. A vast reservoir greets you at the entry leading you to the deer park which is lush green and serene taking your senses to a tranquil state. The light and sound show in the evening further beautifies the glory of the Fort and attracts tourists in manifolds. Other than the Fort, the Hauz Khas complex comprises of the Islamic seminary, Water tank, Mosque and a tomb. If you don't want to miss amazing tourist attractions on your trip then you should definitely book Delhi Tour packages. Location: Hauz Khas village, Deer Park. Timings: 10.30am – 7.00pm except Sundays. Entry fees: Free.

Jama Masjid

One of the largest Mosque of India, Jama Masjid is also known as the Masjid-I Jahan-Numa was built by the Mughal emperor Shahjahan in 1656 at a cost of around 1 million rupees. Built with slits of red sandstone and marble, this monument has 3 majestic gates, 4 towers and 2 minarets. The Mosque faces the holy city of Mecca, while the colossal courtyard can accommodate 25,000 worshippers offering prayers at any given point in time. Location: Off Netaji Subhash Marg, Near Red Fort. Timings: 7.00am to noon and 1.30pm – 7.30pm (tourists are not allowed during prayer time) Entry fees: Free.

Rashtra Pati Bhawan

The official residence of the President of India on Rajpath is an iconic monument which is visited by every tourist travelling to India. This 320-acre property has a mansion with 340 rooms, Mughal gardens, residences of staff and stables. The largest residence of any head of a country in the world is counted as one of the historical Places in Delhi which was built by the British Architect Sir Edwin Lutyens for the Viceroy’. The ceremonial grandeur of this monument has inspired many architects worldwide. Location: Rajpath near Gate no. 2. Timings: 9.00am – 4.00pm, Thursday to Sunday. Entry fees: Rs.50/- per visitor.

Tughlaq bad Fort

This colossal stone Fort complex was built by Ghia’s-Ud-din Tughlaq in 1321 AD. The 15-metre high sloping barricading walls have battlement parapets and bastions offering an advantage over the enemy. The 13 spectacular gates, the intriguing secret underground passage, royal mausoleum, grand halls and magnificent residences will reminisce one of the royal warriors who lived life with dignity and grandeur and fought with equal might and valour to protect their majesty. Location: Mehrauli- Badarpur road. Timings: 7.00am to 5.00pm all days. Entry fees: RS.5/- for Indians and Rs.100/- for foreigners.

Jantar Mantar

This observatory is a historical monument in Delhi which is not only of interest to children, but adults too are intrigued by the ancient astronomical instruments built by Maharaja Jai Singh of Jaipur. You should visit Jantar Mantar during winters as it is the best time to visit Delhi and to explore great monuments and landmarks.  This heritage site was built in 1724 using brick, limestone and plaster to help understand and improve the study of time and space. Out of the 13 astronomical instruments, the Ram Yantra, Jayprakash Yantra, Samrat Yantra and Misra yantra are the crowd pullers. Location: Parliament Street, Connaught place Timings: sunrise to sunset, all days. Entry fees: Rs.5/- for Indians and Rs.100/- for foreigners.

Akshardham Temple

Inspired by Yogi Ji Maharaj and created by Pramukh Swami Maharaj, the Swaminarayan Akshardham temple display an array of the spiritual and cultural aspect of Hinduism. The 10 gates denote the ten-principal direction as per Indian mythology. The complex features three exhibitions, namely the Sahajanand Darshan, Neelkanth Darshan and Sanskruti Darshan along with Sahaj Anand water show, Abhisheka Mandap and a theme garden. The Mandovar houses 4287 carved stones and has 48 idols of Ganesh and 200 sculpted figures of Rishi, Muni, Sadhu and devotees. Explore this enigmatic site and create a lifetime of memories. You can also explore amazing places to visit near Delhi within 100 kms as Delhi attracts a lot of tourists for its vibrant beauty and culture.  Location: Akshardham Setu on NH 24. Timings: 9.30am – 6.30pm except for Mondays. Entry fees: Rs. 170/-

Lotus Temple

The Bahai House of Worship is a simple and serene structure in white marble resembling a flower. The building consists of 27 marble clad petal shaped structure at 3 levels with 9 sides. The 9 doors lead to the central hall which can accommodate 2500 people from any religious background to worship or meditate in peace. The pristine white interior adds on to pure and tranquil existence. The Lotus Temples has claimed several accolades for its architecture wonder and as the most visited building in the world. Location: Nehru place near Kalkaji temple. Timings: 9.00am – 5.30pm, except Mondays. Entry fees: Free.

Lodhi Gardens

Lodhi gardens is a city park settled over 90 acres, built by the Lodi’s in the 15th-century houses the tombs of several Mughal rulers. The Bara Gumbad and the Sheesh Gumbad narrates the architectural glory of an archaic era. Morning walkers, yoga enthusiasts and joggers from different parts of Delhi flock this place in numbers to soak in the lush greenery around and make it colourful and lively as the day breaks. Lodhi gardens is one of the best picnic spots to spend time with your loved ones. Location: Lodhi road, beside India International Centre. Timings: 6.00am to 8.00pm daily. Entry fees: Free.

Agrasen ki Baoli

Built in the 14th century by the King Agrasen, the 60 feet deep step well has been very carefully maintained by the Archaeological Survey of India. This historical Place in Delhi has 108 steps with three levels leading to the water storage area.  The austere grandeur of this step well has allured many architects and historians worldwide. It is definitely one of the best places to hangout for youngsters in Delhi. It is an amazing experience to walk through the cascading stairs and to realise that it was all excavated with hand several decades back. Location: Hailey Road, Near KG Marg, Connaught Place. Timings: 7.00am to 6.30pm all days. Entry fees: Free.

Purana Quila

The oldest Fort in India, the Purana Quila is one of the most captivating historical places in Delhi due to its towering presence. Built by Humayun in 1534 currently, it has a light and sound show narrating the history of the Citadel. The massive ramparts adorned with merlons have three gateways. The old Fort is surrounded by a wide moat connecting to river Yamuna where visitors are seen boating on relaxed weekends. Location: Mathura Road near Delhi Zoo. Timings: 7.00am to 5.00pm all days. Entry fees: Rs. 20/- for Indians and Rs.200/- for foreigners.

Mehrauli Archaeological Park

One of the most well-preserved historical relics in Delhi bordering the Qutub Minar complex is worth a visit. This archaeological site, though ignored by the tourists has the Jamali-Kamali Mosque done up in grand Mughal style. The walking track leads one to the garden where often children of different ages are seen playing around. The tomb of Mohammed Quli Khan is exquisitely embellished with painted plasterwork with occasional glazed tiles. Location: Mehrauli Gurgaon road, near Lado Sarai. Timings: 8.00am to 6.30pm all days. Entry fees: Free.

Jahanpanah Fort

Jahanpanah is a barricaded city built by Muhammad Bin Tughlaq to encounter the Mongols. Though the Fort lies in a dilapidated condition, yet it has several structures which offer hindsight of the dynasty. As the imperial family stayed at the royal residences, the Begumpur Mosque was built for the Royals to offer prayers and the Sarai Shahji Mahal was used as an inn. Other monuments like the Bijai Mandal, Kalusarai Mosque, Kharbuje ka Gumbad and Lal Gumbad bedeck the complex. Location: Malviya Nagar. Timings: 9.00am to 6.30pm all days. Entry fees: Free.

Safdarjung Tomb

Built by Shuja-Ud-Daula in 1754 in Mughal architectural style, this historical Place in Delhi has garnered attention by tourists. The mausoleum built of marble and sandstone with grand arches, intricate detailing and majestic architecture has stood testimony to time.

Also known as, “Safdarjung Ka Maqbara” has a garden, a library and several pavilions adding on the grandiose. The immaculate garden surrounding the tomb is built in Charbagh style with walkways and sparkling water tank. Location: Intersection of Safdarjung road and Aurobindo Marg. Timings: Sunrise to sunset daily. Entry fees: Rs15/- for Indians and Rs.200/- for foreigners.

Nizamuddin

Nizamuddin is a popular busy and crowded location in Delhi bustling with markets, Bazaar and residences. This site has a few hidden gems of historic relevance like the Humayun’s Tomb and Abdul Rahim Khan I Khana. Hands of skilful Mughal architects built this grand double domed Mausoleum of Humayun which stands tall till date. The Sufi shrine of Nizamuddin Dargah churns out devotional Sufi songs to heal the distressed body and mind. Nizamuddin emanates of an era of grandiose, opulence, culture and grace. Location: Mathura Road, Old Nizamuddin Bazaar. Timings: 5.00am to 10.00pm all days. Entry fees: Free.

Shergarh

Shergarh is considered to be a historical monument in Delhi due to its connected with the Mughal ruler Sher Shah Suri. The looming façade of this Fort has three gates, Bada Darwaja flanked with robust bastions, the Talaqui Darwaja or the Forbidden Gate and the Humayun Gate. The Southern Gate, the Humayun Gate is the signature symbol of Purana Quila with two pervasive pavilions at the top. The amphitheatre through its light and sound show transports the audience to an age of courageous warriors, heroic tales and of opulence and glory. Location: Nizamuddin East. Timings: Sunrise to sunset Entry fees: Rs.20/- for Indians and Rs.200/- for a foreigner.

Alai Minar

This incomplete tower within the Qutub Complex was built by Alauddin Khilji which was planned to be double the size of Qutub Minar. This was to mark his phenomenal victory in the Deccan War. However, his untimely death created a ripple and the construction came to a halt. The 80 feet high single storey tower in a rubble masonry projects the Sultan’s intention of a gargantuan structure. The unfinished legacy portrays chronicles of the Sultan’s gallantry, dignity and prosperity. Location: Hailey Road, Connaught Place. Timings: 7.00am to 6.00pm. Entry fees: Rs.10/- for Indians and Rs.250/- for foreigners.

Lodhi Tomb

The tomb of the second ruler of the Lodhi dynasty, Sikander Lodhi was built by his son Ibrahim Lodhi. The tomb has an octagonal structure and inspired by Indo-Islamic architecture. The first garden tomb of India is a fortified complex with two umbrella-shaped pavilions on a square platform in the front. The carved pillars in the verandah around the tomb are intricately handcrafted with dexterity by artisans par excellence. This historical place in Delhi is frequented by nature lovers due to its wide variety of birds in the greenery around and a watercourse leading to the Yamuna. Location: Lodhi Gardens, New Delhi. Timings: 8.00am to 7.30pm all days. Entry fees: Free of

Mumtaz Mahal

Mumtaz Mahal literally meaning the Jewel Palace is located within the Red Fort premises. Immaculate white marbles have been used to construct the Palace, which is one of the six palaces built facing the Yamuna. It houses six apartments divided by arched piers with intricate floral decorations embellished in the interiors. The building presently holds an exhibition of the Red Fort Archaeological Museum displaying exhibits of the Mughal Empire. Location: Netaji Subhash Marg, Lal Qila, Chandni Chowk. Timings: 9.30am to 4.30pm except for Mondays. Entry fees: Rs15/ for Indians and Rs.250/- for foreigners.

Lado Sarai

Rai Pithora, which is considered to be the first city of Delhi was built by Prithvi Raj Chauhan in the 12th century after defeating the Tomar Rajputs. The ruins of the erstwhile majestic infrastructure are now popularly known as Lado Sarai with relics strewn in the form of various Monuments. The gateways of Lal Kot, Tomb of Balban, Mandi Mosque, Rajon-ki-Bain, Badun Gate and Tomb of Azim Khan are to name a few. Locals throng this place during the weekend as the daylight breaks and engage in various social activities along with friends and family. Location: Lado Sarai, South West Delhi. Timings: Any time Entry fee: Free.

Siri Fort

The credit for building Siri Fort goes to the Afghan ruler Alauddin Khilji, which served as his seat to rule and obstruct repeated Mughal invasions. Along with the Siri Fort were the Citadel and a water body supplying water to the Fort and adjoining areas. The Fort which is now in ruins is enveloped by a modern sports complex comprising of world-class amenities for tennis, cricket, basketball, gymnasium and many more sports. The complex also houses Siri fort Auditorium with 4 internal sub auditoriums where several events are organised on a day-to-day basis. Location: North of Mehrauli and east of Hauz Khas. Timings: 9.00am to 5.00pm. Entry fees: Free.

Historical Places near Delhi

Jaipur

 Though not a historical place near Delhi within 100 kms, Jaipur is the capital of Rajasthan. Founded in 1727 by the Rajput ruler Jai Singh II, the city is home to rich heritage and culture along with architecture. Known as the Pink City of India, Jaipur is easily accessible and a preferred weekend getaway. It is also a food hub with rich delicacies. So, there’s plenty for everyone to visit Jaipur. Distance from Delhi: 273 kms/about 6 hours by road, Jaipur is also accessible by air. Attractions: Attractions in Jaipur include the observatory Jantar Mantar, the ancient fort of Amer and Hawa Mahal, Jal Mahal, City Palace, Nahargarh Fort, Jaigarh Fort, Birla Mandir, Galtaji, Govind Dev Ji Temple, Garh Ganesh Temple, and many others.

Agra

Not a historical place near Delhi, Agra is a must-visit tourist destination. The city is located on the banks of the river Yamuna. This city can be reached by road and train from Delhi. It is the fourth most populated state in Uttar Pradesh. It is a hub of commerce and trade too. Agra forms part of the Golden Triangle tourist circuit, which also includes Jaipur, Lucknow and Varanasi. Agra is in the Braj cultural region and remains a popular tourist spot for weekends. Distance from Delhi: 231 kms/about 4 hours by road, Agra is accessible air too. Attractions: Attractions in Agra includes the world-famous Taj Mahal, Agra Fort and Fatehpur Sikri. All three of these places are World Heritage UNESCO sites. Agra is considered a romantic destination.

Dharamshala

 Dharamshala is a hill station and headquarters of the Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh. It was known as Bhagsu earlier. Dharamshala was selected in the 100 cities to be developed as a smart city as per the flagship Smart Cities Mission. The suburb McLeod Ganj was the home to the Dalai Lama after his exile. This tourist spot is visited by lakhs of tourists because of the pleasant weather during the summer months. Distance from Delhi: 476 kms/about 9 and a half hours by road.

Attractions: Attractions in Dharamshala includes Gyuto Monastery, Bhagsunag Temple, Jwala Mukhi Devi Temple, The Dalai Lama's Temple and others. This city is a great hilly getaway for tourists.

McLeod Ganj

McLeod Ganj is a hill station in the Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh. Along with being a cool, mountainous region, it is also the home to the 14th Dalai Lama. This hill station was the home to the Dalai Lama after his exile. This spiritual hub and one of the most popular tourist spots visited by thousands. Along with its rich culture, the city also offers respite from the harsh Delhi summers and is an easily accessible hill station. Distance from Delhi: 484 kms/about 10 hours by road, McLeod Ganj is a popular tourist spot. Attractions: Attractions in McLeod Ganj includes Tibetan Museum, Triund, Bhagsunath Temple & Waterfall, Namgyal Monastery, Dharamkot, Kangra Fort, The Dalai Lama's Temple and many others. This historical city is a great hilly getaway for tourists.

Bikaner

Bikaner is nestled in the Thar desert. It is one of the historical places near Delhi place filled with art and culture. The city has an old-world charm. Bikaner is also called the camel-country. The city is bustling with rich architecture, fairs and of course -- delicious food. Sand dunes in this area attract tourists from all over the world. Distance from Delhi: 468 km/about 8 and a half hours by road and air too. Attractions: Attractions in Bikaner include Junagarh Fort, Karni Mata Temple or the rate temple. This historical place is also the home to the Jain temple. The city is also the home to Lakshmi Nath Temple, which has the popular statues of Hindu gods Vishnu and Laxmi temples.

Jhansi

Jhansi is a popular tourist city. It is  located in Uttar Pradesh and falls in the region of Bundelkhand. This city is situated on the banks of the Pahuj River. It is the administrative headquarters of Jhansi district and division and a popular city frequented by tourists. Jhansi has many popular tourist spots. Distance from Delhi: 478 kms/about 9 hours by road, Jhansi is a popular tourist spot easily reachable by car/bus and other road transports. Attractions: This city is the home to some great attractions like Rani Mahal, Jhansi Fort, Orchha Fort Complex and Cenotaph of Raja Gangadhar Rao to name a few.

Amritsar

Amritsar is a popular, sacred city for Sikhs. It is located in Punjab and is about 28 kilometres from the border with Pakistan. Amritsar comes under the heritage cities for HRIDAY - Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana. It doesn’t come under historical places near Delhi within 100 km but Amritsar is a pilgrim destination. Distance from Delhi: 448 kms/about 8 hours by road, Amritsar is reachable by daily trains, flights and buses to the city. Attractions: Amritsar is the home to the Golden Temple (Harmandir Sahib), which is regarded as the holiest gurdwara. Attractions include Ram Bagh Palace, Punjab State War Heroes' Memorial & Museum and Jallianwala Bagh.

Fatehpur

Fatehpur is located in Uttar Pradesh and is situated between the holy rivers of Ganges and Yamuna. One of the historical places near Delhi, this city gets its name after Babu Fateh Chandra who apparently helped Rani Lakshmi Bai in the freedom fight. The city of Fatehpur is as old as the Vedic era and was once the capital of the Mughals. Fatehpur is highly visited and has plenty of attractions with ancient significance. Distance from Delhi: 571 kms/about 9.3 hours by road, there are daily trains and buses to the city. Attractions: Some of these are Jama Masjid, Tomb of Salim Chisti, Buland Darwaja, Naubat Khana, Diwan-e-Aam, Diwan-E-Khas, etc.

Ajmer

Ajmer is in the top list of popular historic spots in the country. The city is bustling with life and is surrounded by the rugged Aravalli Hills. Located in Rajasthan, it is not a historical places near Delhi within 100 kms, but has a lot of significance in Islamic heritage. This historical place was once called “Ajaymeru.” Ajmer has some great tourist spots.

Distance from Delhi: 404 kms/about 7 hours by road, Ajmer is a highly visited place near Delhi on NH48. There are daily trains and buses to the city. Attractions: Ajmer houses the shrine of Khwaja Muin-ud-din Chishti, founder of Chishtiya order. Other attractions here include the Jain temple. The attractions include Mani bandh or Chamunda Mata Mandir (Temple), Taragarh Fort, etc.

Orchha

Founded in the 16th century, Orchaa is in the top list of historical places near Delhi. It is nestled on the banks of the River Betwa. The river splits into seven channels here. The name Orchaa means hidden palace. It was once the Bundela Rajput King capital. Some of the architectural sites, which depict the style of the Bundela dynasty,  are on the tentative list and may make it to UNESCO's world heritage sites. The proposal was sent by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to the United Nations (UN) body. Distance from Delhi: 498 kms/about 9 hours by road, Orchha is on NH44. One can reach the city by daily trains and buses. Attractions: Attractions here include the Orchha Fort Complex or Jahangir Mahal. Orchha has a lot to offer. Raja Mahal, Ram Raja Temple, Rai Praveen Mahal, etc. are some of the attractions here.

People Also Ask About New Delhi

How many historical places are there in Delhi?

There are so many historical monuments in Delhi that we cannot list them all here. But the major attractions here include Humayun’s Tomb, Red Fort, Qutub Minar, India Gate, Jama Masjid and Rashtra Pati Bhawan. Many of these historical monuments are related to India’s struggle of independence and have an essence of Past glory.

How many tombs are there in Delhi?

There are a total of 12 tombs in Delhi, which include: -Lodi Garden, -Humayun's Tomb, -Sikander Lodhi’s Tomb, -Jamali Kamali Mosque and Tomb, -Tughlaq bad Fort Khan-I-Khan’s Tomb, -Mirza Ghalib’s Tomb, -Karbala Graveyard Isa Khan Tomb, -Najaf Khan Tomb, -Maulana Azad Tomb, -Tomb of Imam Zamin.

How many forts are there in Delhi?

Delhi, being the capital of India has been a former state since the time of rulers. Many great rulers made it their home and established forts here. While Red fort was made by Shah Jahan and was the main residence of the Mughals, Feroz Shah Kotla Fort was a fortress built by Sultan Feroz Shah Tughlaq in his area of Firozabad. Other forts like Purana Quila have been there since the pre-Mauryan period. In addition to the forts, Delhi has many other numerous historical monuments, including the India gate and the Qutub Minar.

Who built the India Gate?

It was Edwin Lutiyens who laid the foundation of India Gate. The construction of this monument started on 10th February 1921 and ended around 12th February 1921 and was built in the memory of Indian soldiers who died in the 1st World War. Being the center of attraction, India gate has been frequented by visitors from all over the world and can be accessed easily from every corner of the city.

Why is Delhi also called mini-India?

Delhi has been a former capital state since the time of rulers. Rulers of all religions and their followers have made this beautiful city their home. Even till this day, people from all over India can be found residing in Delhi. People of all religions of India can be seen in Delhi living in love and harmony with each other. In case of food, here you can find almost every cuisine of India, be it the Hyderabadi biryani or Mysore pak. From above all we can easily understand the diversity of different communities and religions here, thus understanding why Delhi is called mini India.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Historical Landmarks Near Delhi:

1. What are some historical landmarks near Delhi that I should visit?

Some notable historical landmarks near Delhi include the Red Fort, Humayun's Tomb, Qutub Minar, India Gate, Hauz Khas Fort, Jama Masjid, Rashtra Pati Bhavan, Tughlaq bad Fort, Jantar Mantar, Akshardham Temple, Lotus Temple, Lodhi Gardens, Agrasen ki Baoli, Purana Quila, Mehrauli Archaeological Park, and more.

2. How far is Jaipur from Delhi, and what are its attractions?

Jaipur is approximately 273 kilometers from Delhi, taking around 6 hours by road. Its attractions include the Jantar Mantar observatory, Amer Fort, Hawa Mahal, Jal Mahal, City Palace, Nahargarh Fort, Jaigarh Fort, Birla Mandir, Galtaji, and more.

3. What attractions are there in Agra, and how far is it from Delhi?

Agra is around 231 kilometers from Delhi, taking about 4 hours by road. Its attractions include the iconic Taj Mahal, Agra Fort, and Fatehpur Sikri, all of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

4. What can I explore in McLeod Ganj, and how do I get there from Delhi?

McLeod Ganj is about 484 kilometers from Delhi, taking around 10 hours by road. Attractions include Tibetan Museum, Triund, Bhagsunath Temple and Waterfall, Namgyal Monastery, Dharamkot, Kangra Fort, and the Dalai Lama's Temple.

5. Which historical landmarks are there in Bikaner and how can I reach there from Delhi?

Bikaner, known as the camel country, is around 468 kilometers from Delhi, requiring about 8.5 hours by road. Its attractions include Junagarh Fort, Karni Mata Temple, Jain temple, Lakshmi Nath Temple, and more.

6. What is there to explore in Orchha, and how do I reach there from Delhi?

Orchha, known as the hidden palace, is about 498 kilometers from Delhi, taking around 9 hours by road. Its attractions include Orchha Fort Complex, Jahangir Mahal, Raja Mahal, Ram Raja Temple, Rai Praveen Mahal, and more.

7. Can I visit Fatehpur Sikri from Delhi, and what are its attractions?

Yes, Fatehpur Sikri is around 231 kilometers from Delhi, taking about 4 hours by road. Its attractions include Buland Darwaja, Tomb of Salim Chisti, Diwan-e-Aam, Diwan-e-Khas, and more.

8. How do I get to Ajmer from Delhi, and what attractions does it offer?

Ajmer, known for the shrine of Khwaja Muin-ud-din Chishti, is about 404 kilometers from Delhi, requiring around 7 hours by road. Its attractions include Khwaja Sahib Dargah, Jain temple, and the Chamunda Mata Mandir.

9. What are the notable attractions in Jhansi, and how can I reach there from Delhi?

Jhansi, known for its historic significance, is about 478 kilometres from Delhi, taking around 9.3 hours by road. Its attractions include Rani Mahal, Jhansi Fort, Orchha Fort Complex, and more.

10. Which historical landmarks are near Nizamuddin, and what makes this area unique?

Nizamuddin is known for its historical gems like Humayun’s Tomb and Abdul Rahim Khan I Khana. The towering double-domed Mausoleum of Humayun stands tall, while the Nizamuddin Dargah emanates devotional Sufi songs. It's a bustling area with markets, bazaars, and residences.

11. How can I explore the historic sites near Delhi?

You can explore these historic sites by road, train, or flight depending on the distance. Many of these sites are easily accessible and offer diverse experiences showcasing India's rich history and cultural heritage.

12. What is the entry fee for visiting these historical landmarks?

Entry fees vary for different landmarks. For example, the Red Fort charges Rs 35/- for Indians and Rs. 500/- for foreigners. It's recommended to check the specific entry fees for each landmark before visiting.

13. Are there any historic sites with no admission fees?

Yes, some historic sites like Chhota Qutub Minar, Lodhi Gardens, Agrasen ki Baoli, and more have no admission fees and are open to the public.

14. Can I visit these landmarks on weekends and holidays?

Most of these historical landmarks are open on weekends and holidays, providing opportunities for visitors to explore and enjoy their rich history and cultural significance.

15. Are guided tours available for these historical sites?

Yes, guided tours are often available for these historical sites, providing insights into their history, architecture, and cultural significance. Some sites may also offer audio guides for self-guided tours.

16. Are these historical landmarks family-friendly destinations?

Yes, these historical landmarks are family-friendly destinations, suitable for people of all ages. They offer a blend of education, history, and entertainment, making them ideal for family outings and vacations.

17. Can I capture photographs at these historical sites?

Yes, photography is usually allowed at these historical sites, but it's always a good idea to check for any specific photography guidelines or restrictions before visiting.

18. Can I explore these historical sites in a day trip from Delhi?

Some sites are easily reachable within a day trip from Delhi, while others may require more time. It's recommended to plan your itinerary based on the distance and the attractions you'd like to explore.

19. Are there any hotels or accommodations near these historical sites?

Many of these historical sites are located near or within cities that offer a range of accommodations, from budget to luxury hotels, allowing you to choose based on your preferences and budget.

20. Are there any restrictions or guidelines to follow while visiting these historical landmarks?

While visiting historical landmarks, it's important to follow the rules and guidelines set by the authorities to ensure the preservation of these sites for future generations. This may include restrictions on photography, behavior, and respecting the cultural and historical significance of the site.

[hoborover]

Historical Places in Delhi | Historical Places

Our national capital Delhi is a fascinating place that has some of the best historical places in the country. There are plenty of historical sites in the capital city. Here are Delhi’s five most important historical sites. HoboRover is best travel Guide in India.

[indiaprivatedriver]

Delhi is an arresting canvas that is replete with shades of rich culture, vibrant nightlife, crammed markets, delightful food, and engaging events. The city is one of those tourist places in India where everyone can find a thing or two of his own interest. Yes, the city is an ideal destination for a heritage tour as it is adorned with top tourist attractions like Jama Masjid, Nizamuddin Dargah, Red Fort, Humayun’s Tomb and Qutub Minar that take you on an incredible walk in the history. However, the original charm of the city is in its food that is prepared with the help of traditional recipes and served with great love. Therefore, a food walk in Delhi is one of the top things to do.

Shopping in Delhi is another addictive element of which you just cannot get enough, whether you are a luxury seeker, or someone with good dress sense who knows how to pick the best from wherever you are, the city has a place to shop till you drop. Delhi also puts on offer a chance to take the plunge into various cultural and art forms at its hubs like Mandi House and Indian Habitat Centres and few others. A Delhi Sightseeing Tour is incomplete without a visit to India Gate, which is indeed amongst the best tourism places in the city. Apparently, Delhi has a vibe that is unparalleled, it has an undying charm that can make you fall in love with it before you even know it.

[travelling-bird]

Here are 5 famous historical places in Delhi that you should visit during your historical tour of the city.

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[exploringbeings]

Preserving the Past: The Enduring Legacy of Delhi's Historical Places

Delhi's historical sites embody centuries of culture and heritage, each preserving a unique story that contributes to the city's rich legacy. https://exploringbeings.com/places-to-visit-in-delhi/

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15 Best Places to Visit in Ladakh for Lifetime Experience #ladakhtrip #ladakhtourpackage #cheapestladakhtourpackage #Ladakh

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Embark on a journey through time in Delhi with our list of the Top 10 Historical Places in Delhi. Discover the rich heritage of India's capital city, from the grandeur of the Red Fort to the serenity of Humayun's Tomb. Uncover centuries of history and culture in these iconic sites

[halidays]

Top 10 Famous Historical Places in Delhi

Delhi, the capital of India, is a city that has witnessed the rise and fall of many empires and dynasties over the centuries. It is a city that has preserved its rich and diverse heritage in the form of numerous historical monuments and sites. Delhi is a city that offers a glimpse into the past, present, and future of India through its architecture, culture, and lifestyle. Here are the top 10…

[indiadrivertours]

Historical Places to Visit in Same Day Road Trip in Delhi

Delhi is home to various historical monuments including 3 UNESCO-recognized World Heritage sites. Among the oldest historical places in Delhi. Delhi being the capital of India and a home to nearly 19 million people is surprisingly rich when it comes to historical tourism cites. Apart from being a city steeped in heritage, it is also surrounded with many places of historical significance which can be visited within the same day through a road trip. If you wish to understand the culture of the place and have an interest in history, let us draw out a few places which will capture your imagination. Here are some of the Delhi historical places that you should visit and can cover by road trips.

1. Qutub Minar

The highest brick minaret in the world that stands tall, Qutub Minar can be seen from a good distance. The minaret was named after a saint from Baghdad, Khwaja Qutb-ud-din Bakhtiar Kaki. Today it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most visited attractions in Delhi.

Ideal time to visit: Throughout the year

2. Mehrauli Archaeological Park

This is not just a park. You will be able to see monuments in the park. These monuments date back to the period of Mughals. If you have heard about Jamali Kamali Mosque, you might want to visit Mehrauli Archeological Park.

Ideal time to visit: Throughout the year, but before sunset

3. Agrasen ki Baoli

Located in the main city of New Delhi, Agrasen ki Baoli is an ASI-protected historical place which comprises three levels and 101 steps. The baoli was built by Maharaja Agrasen and during the period of Tughlaq dynasty, it was rebuilt by Agarwal community.

Ideal time to visit: Throughout the year

 5. Red Fort

Red Fort is one of the historical places that you can take a tour at in Delhi. Located in the Old Delhi area, Red Fort was built by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in 1639. If you ever want to see the best of Mughal architecture and design, you must head straight way to Red Fort. While you visit Red Fort, you can also take a tour of the nearby places like Jama Masjid, Mirza Ghalib ki Haveli, Dariba Kalan, Salimgarh Fort Bhagirath Palace, Naughara, Haveli Dharampura, and Chunnamal ki Haveli.

Ideal time to visit: Any time of the year

 6. Tughlaqabad Fort

Tughlaqabad Fort was built in 1321 by Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq, the founder of Tuglaq dynasty. It is a ruined fort though, but a good option if you want to see the historical places in the city.

Ideal time to visit: Any time of the year

7. Safdarjung Tomb

Built in 1754, Safdarjung Tomb is made of marble and sandstone. One of the many features of this mausoleum is the large podium where there is a hidden stairway.

Ideal time to visit: Any time of the year

8. Sikandar Lodi Tomb

Sikandar Lodi Tomb is the tomb of Sikander Lodi, the second ruler of the Lodi dynasty. The tomb was built by his son, Ibrahim Lodi in between 1517-1518 CE. The tomb is located in Lodi Garden, which is today visited by many tourists. And the crowd gets really thick during the weekend.

Ideal time to visit: All through the yea

9. Hauz Khas

Hauz Khas is one of the most sought after locations of party lovers, but it is also one of the historical places in Delhi. During the period of Allauddin Khilji, a royal water tank was built here and the place derived its name from there. Back then, the place was called Siri. There are several monuments in Hauz Khas. Some of them include Bag-i-AlamGumbad, Tomb of Feroz Shah Tughlaq, Tefe Wala Gumbad, and Kali Gumti.

Ideal time to visit: Any time of the year

10. Jahanpanah

Jahanpanah was one of the important places during the time of Muhammad bin Tughlaq as the city back then was found by him. Today, it is a part of Delhi and frequented by history lovers. There are several monuments that can be visited in Jahanpanah, such as Bijay Mandal, Lal Gumbad, Begumpuri Masjid, and Tomb of Bahlol Lodhi.

Ideal time to visit: Throughout the year

 11. Shergarh

Shergarh is one area where you will come across many monuments. Some of them include Moti Gate of Sher Shah Suri, Qila-i-Kuhn mosque of Sher Shah, Purana Qila (Old Fort), and Khair-ul-Manzil.

Ideal time to visit: All through the year 

12. Wazirabad

One of the places to visit in Delhi in search of historical monuments is Wazirabad. The monuments that you will visit here will take you to the time of history of the land. A few of the monuments you can see here are Tomb of Akbar Shah II, Tomb of Shah Alam Bahadur Shah, Wazirabad Tomb (Tomb of Shah Alam I), and Tomb of Shah Alam II.

Delhi takes pride in the numbers of monuments it houses. You can take road trips to these historical places and come back home the same day. However, if you do not own a car, you can take a car rental in Delhi by indiadrivertours

We offer Delhi Sightseeing tour by car or taxi. Looking To Book A Holiday Package?

[metamatar]

In the age of Hindu identity politics (Hindutva) inaugurated in the 1990s by the ascendancy of the Indian People's Party (Bharatiya Janata Party) and its ideological auxiliary, the World Hindu Council (Vishwa Hindu Parishad), Indian cultural and religious nationalism has been promulgating ever more distorted images of India's past.

Few things are as central to this revisionism as Sanskrit, the dominant culture language of precolonial southern Asia outside the Persianate order. Hindutva propagandists have sought to show, for example, that Sanskrit was indigenous to India, and they purport to decipher Indus Valley seals to prove its presence two millennia before it actually came into existence. In a farcical repetition of Romanic myths of primevality, Sanskrit is considered—according to the characteristic hyperbole of the VHP—the source and sole preserver of world culture.

This anxiety has a longer and rather melancholy history in independent India, far antedating the rise of the BJP. [...] Some might argue that as a learned language of intellectual discourse and belles lettres, Sanskrit had never been exactly alive in the first place [...] the assumption that Sanskrit was never alive has discouraged the attempt to grasp its later history; after all, what is born dead has no later history. As a result, there exist no good accounts or theorizations of the end of the cultural order that for two millennia exerted a transregional influence across Asia-South, Southeast, Inner, and even East Asia that was unparalleled until the rise of Americanism and global English. We have no clear understanding of whether, and if so, when, Sanskrit culture ceased to make history; whether, and if so, why, it proved incapable of preserving into the present the creative vitality it displayed in earlier epochs, and what this loss of effectivity might reveal about those factors within the wider world of society and polity that had kept it vital.

[...] What follows here is a first attempt to understand something of the death of Sanskrit literary culture as a historical process. Four cases are especially instructive: The disappearance of Sanskrit literature in Kashmir, a premier center of literary creativity, after the thirteenth century; its diminished power in sixteenth century Vijayanagara, the last great imperial formation of southern India; its short-lived moment of modernity at the Mughal court in mid-seventeenth century Delhi; and its ghostly existence in Bengal on the eve of colonialism. Each case raises a different question: first, about the kind of political institutions and civic ethos required to sustain Sanskrit literary culture; second, whether and to what degree competition with vernacular cultures eventually affected it; third, what factors besides newness of style or even subjectivity would have been necessary for consolidating a Sanskrit modernity, and last, whether the social and spiritual nutrients that once gave life to this literary culture could have mutated into the toxins that killed it. [...]

One causal account, however, for all the currency it enjoys in the contemporary climate, can be dismissed at once: that which traces the decline of Sanskrit culture to the coming of Muslim power. The evidence adduced here shows this to be historically untenable. It was not "alien rule un sympathetic to kavya" and a "desperate struggle with barbarous invaders" that sapped the strength of Sanskrit literature. In fact, it was often the barbarous invader who sought to revive Sanskrit. [...]

One of these was the internal debilitation of the political institutions that had previously underwritten Sanskrit, pre-eminently the court. Another was heightened competition among a new range of languages seeking literary-cultural dignity. These factors did not work everywhere with the same force. A precipitous decline in Sanskrit creativity occurred in Kashmir, where vernacular literary production in Kashmiri-the popularity of mystical poets like Lalladevi (fl. 1400) notwithstanding-never produced the intense competition with the literary vernacular that Sanskrit encountered elsewhere (in Kannada country, for instance, and later, in the Hindi heartland). Instead, what had eroded dramatically was what I called the civic ethos embodied in the court. This ethos, while periodically assaulted in earlier periods (with concomitant interruptions in literary production), had more or less fully succumbed by the thirteenth century, long before the consolidation of Turkish power in the Valley. In Vijayanagara, by contrast, while the courtly structure of Sanskrit literary culture remained fully intact, its content became increasingly subservient to imperial projects, and so predictable and hollow. Those at court who had anything literarily important to say said it in Telugu or (outside the court) in Kannada or Tamil; those who did not, continued to write in Sanskrit, and remain unread. In the north, too, where political change had been most pronounced, competence in Sanskrit remained undiminished during the late-medieval/early modern period. There, scholarly families reproduced themselves without discontinuity-until, that is, writers made the decision to abandon Sanskrit in favor of the increasingly attractive vernacular. Among the latter were writers such as Kesavdas, who, unlike his father and brother, self-consciously chose to become a vernacular poet. And it is Kesavdas, Biharilal, and others like them whom we recall from this place and time, and not a single Sanskrit writer. [...]

The project and significance of the self-described "new intellectuals" in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries [...] what these scholars produced was a newness of style without a newness of substance. The former is not meaningless and needs careful assessment and appreciation. But, remarkably, the new and widespread sense of discontinuity never stimulated its own self-analysis. No idiom was developed in which to articulate a new relationship to the past, let alone a critique; no new forms of knowledge-no new theory of religious identity, for example, let alone of the political-were produced in which the changed conditions of political and religious life could be conceptualized. And with very few exceptions (which suggest what was in fact possible), there was no sustained creation of new literature-no Sanskrit novels, personal poetry, essays-giving voice to the new subjectivity. Instead, what the data from early nineteenth-century Bengal-which are paralleled every where-demonstrate is that the mental and social spheres of Sanskrit literary production grew ever more constricted, and the personal and this-worldly, and eventually even the presentist-political, evaporated, until only the dry sediment of religious hymnology remained. [...]

In terms of both the subjects considered acceptable and the audience it was prepared to address, Sanskrit had chosen to make itself irrelevant to the new world. This was true even in the extra-literary domain. The struggles against Christian missionizing, for example, that preoccupied pamphleteers in early nineteenth-century Calcutta, took place almost exclusively in Bengali. Sanskrit intellectuals seemed able to respond, or were interested in responding, only to a challenge made on their own terrain-that is, in Sanskrit. The case of the professor of Sanskrit at the recently-founded Calcutta Sanskrit College (1825), Ishwarachandra Vidyasagar, is emblematic: When he had something satirical, con temporary, critical to say, as in his anti-colonial pamphlets, he said it, not in Sanskrit, but in Bengali. [...]

No doubt, additional factors conditioned this profound transformation, something more difficult to characterize having to do with the peculiar status of Sanskrit intellectuals in a world growing increasingly unfamiliar to them. As I have argued elsewhere, they may have been led to reaffirm the old cosmopolitanism, by way of ever more sophisticated refinements in ever smaller domains of knowledge, in a much-changed cultural order where no other option made sense: neither that of the vernacular intellectual, which was a possible choice (as Kabir and others had earlier shown), nor that of the national intellectual, which as of yet was not. At all events, the fact remains that well before the consolidation of colonialism, before even the establishment of the Islamicate political order, the mastery of tradition had become an end in itself for Sanskrit literary culture, and reproduction, rather than revitalization, the overriding concern. As the realm of the literary narrowed to the smallest compass of life-concerns, so Sanskrit literature seemed to seek the smallest possible audience. However complex the social processes at work may have been, the field of Sanskrit literary production increasingly seemed to belong to those who had an "interest in disinterestedness," as Bourdieu might put it; the moves they made seem the familiar moves in the game of elite distinction that inverts the normal principles of cultural economies and social orders: the game where to lose is to win. In the field of power of the time, the production of Sanskrit literature had become a paradoxical form of life where prestige and exclusivity were both vital and terminal.

The Death of Sanskrit, Sheldon Pollock, Comparative Studies in Society and History, Vol. 43, No. 2 (Apr., 2001), pp. 392-426 (35 pages)

[beehunni62]

Origins of the Pibo: Let’s take a trip along the Silk Road.

1. Introduction to the garment:

Pibo 披帛 refers to a very thin and long shawl worn by women in ancient East Asia approximately between the 5th to 13th centuries CE. Pibo is a modern name and its historical counterpart was pei 帔. But I’ll use pibo as to not confuse it with Ming dynasty’s xiapei 霞帔 and a much shorter shawl worn in ancient times also called pei.

Below is a ceramic representation of the popular pibo.

A sancai-glazed figure of a court lady, Tang Dynasty (618–690, 705–907 CE) from the Sze Yuan Tang Collection. Artist unknown. Sotheby’s [image source].

Although some internet sources claim that pibo in China can be traced as far back as the Qin (221-206 BCE) or Han (202 BCE–9 CE; 25–220 CE) dynasties, we don’t start seeing it be depicted as we know it today until the Northern and Southern dynasties period (420-589 CE). This has led to scholars placing pibo’s introduction to East Asia until after Buddhism was introduced in China. Despite the earliest art representations of the long scarf-like shawl coming from the Northern and Southern Dynasties period, the pibo reached its popularity apex in the Tang Dynasty (618–690 CE: 705–907 CE).

Academic consensus: Introduction via the Silk Road.

The definitive academic consensus is that pibo evolved from the dajin 搭巾 (a long and thin scarf) worn by Buddhist icons introduced to China via the Silk Road from West Asia.

披帛是通过丝绸之路传入中国的西亚文化, 与中国服饰发展的内因相结���而流行开来的一种"时世妆" 的形式. 沿丝绸之路所发现的披帛, 反映了丝绸贸易的活跃.

[Trans] Pibo (a long piece of cloth covering the back of the shoulders) was a popular female fashion period accessory introduced to China by West Asian cultures by way of the Silk Road and the development of Chinese costumes. The brocade scarves found along the Silk Road reflect the prosperity of the silk trade that flourished in China's past (Lu & Xu, 2015).

I want to add to the above theory my own speculation that, what the Chinese considered to be dajin, was most likely an ancient Indian garment called uttariya उत्तरीय.

2. Personal conjecture: Uttariya as a tentative origin to pibo.

In India, since Vedic times (1500-500 BCE), we see mentions in records describing women and men wearing a thin scarf-like garment called “uttariya”. It is a precursor of the now famous sari. Although the most famous depiction of uttariya is when it is wrapped around the left arm in a loop, we do have other representations where it is draped over the shoulders and cubital area (reverse of the elbow).

Left: Hindu sculpture “Mother Goddess (Matrika)”, mid 6th century CE, gray schist. Artist unknown. Looted from Rajasthan (Tanesara), India. Photo credit to Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, United States [image source].

Right: Rear view of female statue possibly representing Kambojika, the Chief Queen of Mahakshatrapa Rajula, ca. 1st century CE. Artist unknown. Found in the Saptarishi Mound, Mathura, India. Government Museum, Mathura [image source].

Buddhism takes many elements from Hindu mythology, including apsaras अप्सरा (water nymphs) and gandharvas गन्धर्व (celestial musicians). The former was translated as feitian 飞天 in China. Hindu deities were depicted wearing clothes similar to what Indian people wore, among which we find uttariya, often portrayed in carvings and sculptures of flying and dancing apsaras or gods to show dynamic movement. Nevertheless, uttariya long predated Buddhism and Hinduism.

Below are carved representation of Indian apsaras and gandharvas. Notice how the uttariya are used.

Upper left: Carved relief of flying celestials (Apsara and Gandharva) in the Chalukyan style, 7th century CE, Chalukyan Dynasty (543-753 CE). Artist Unknown. Aihole, Karnataka, India. National Museum, New Delhi, India [image source]. The Chalukyan art style was very influential in early Chinese Buddhist art.

Upper right: Carved relief of flying celestials (gandharvas) from the 10th to the 12th centuries CE. Artist unknown. Karnataka, India. National Museum, New Delhi, India [image source].

Bottom: A Viyadhara (wisdom-holder; demi-god) couple, ca. 525 CE. Artist unknown. Photo taken by Nomu420 on May 10, 2014. Sondani, Mandsaur, India [image source].

Below are some of the earliest representations of flying apsaras found in the Mogao Caves, Gansu Province, China. An important pilgrimage site along the Silk Road where East and West met.

Left to right: Cave No. 461, detail of mural in the roof of the cave depicting either a flying apsara or a celestial musician. Western Wei dynasty (535–556 CE). Artist unknown. Mogao Grottoes, Dunhuang, China [image source].

Cave 285 flying apsara (feitian) in one of the Mogao Caves. Western Wei Dynasty (535–556 CE), Artist unknown. Photo taken by Keren Su for Getty Images. Mogao Grottoes, Dunhuang, China [image source].

Cave 249. Mural painting of feitian playing a flute, Western Wei Dynasty (535-556 CE). Image courtesy by Wang Kefen from The Complete Collection of Dunhuang Grottoes, Vol. 17, Paintings of Dance, The Commercial Press, Hong Kong, 2001, p. 15. Mogao Grottoes, Dunhuang, China [image source].

I theorize that it is likely that the pibo was introduced to China via Buddhism and Buddhist iconography that depicted apsaras (feitian) and other deites wearing uttariya and translated it to dajin.

3. Trickle down fashion: Buddhism’s journey to the East.

However, since Buddhism and its Indian-based fashion spread to West Asia first, to Sassanian Persians and Sogdians, it is likely that, by the time it reached the Han Chinese in the first century CE, it came with Persian and Sogdian influence. Persians’ fashion during the Sassanian Empire (224–651 CE) was influenced by Greeks (hellenization) who also had a a thin long scarf-like garment called an epliblema ἐπίβλημα, often depicted in amphora (vases) of Greek theater scenes and sculptures of deities.

Left to right: Dame Baillehache from Attica, Greece. 3rd century BCE, Hellenistic period (323-30 BCE), terracotta statuette. Photo taken by Hervé Lewandowski. Louvre Museum, Paris, France [image source].

Deatail view of amphora depicting the goddess Artemis by Athenian vase painter, Andokides, ca. 525 BCE, terracotta. Found in Vulci, Italy. Altes Museum, Berlin, Germany [image source].

Statue of a Kore (young girl), ca. 570 BCE, Archaic Period (700-480 BCE), marble. Artist unknown. Uncovered from Attica, Greece. Acropolis Museum, Athens, Greece [image source].

Detail view of Panathenaic (Olympic Games) prize amphora with lid, 363–362 BCE, Attributed to the Painter of the Wedding Procession and signed by Nikodemos, terracotta. Uncovered from Athens, Greece. J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles, California, United States [image source].

Roman statue depicting Euterpe, muse of lyric poetry and music, ca. 2nd century CE, marble, Artist unknown. From the Villa of G. Cassius Longinus near Tivoli, Italy. Photo taken by Egisto Sani on March 12, 2012, Vatican Museums, Rome, Italy [image source].

Greek (or Italic) tomb mural painting from the Tomb of the Diver, ca. 470 BCE, fresco. Artist unknown. Photo taken by Floriano Rescigno. Necropolis of Paestum, Italy [image source].

Below are Iranian and Iraqi period representations of this long thin scarf.

Left to right: Closeup of ewer likely depicting a female dancer from the Sasanian Period (224–651 CE) in ancient Persia , Iran, 6th-7th century CE, silver and gilt. Artist unknown. Mary Harrsch. July 10, 2015. Arthur M. Sackler Gallery of Asian Art, Smithsonian, Washington D.C [image source].

Ewer with nude dancer probably representing a maenad, companion of Dionysus from the Sasanian Period (224–651 CE) in ancient Persia, Iran, 6th-7th century CE, silver and gilt. Artist unknown. Mary Harrsch. July 16, 2015. Arthur M. Sackler Gallery of Asian Art, Smithsonian, Washington D.C [image source].

Painting reconstructing the image of unveiled female dancers depicted in a fresco, Early Abbasid period (750-1258 CE), about 836-839 CE from Jawsaq al-Khaqani, Samarra, Iraq. Museum of Turkish and Islamic Art, Istanbul [image source].

The earliest depictions of Buddha in China, were very similar to West Asian depictions. Ever wonder why Buddha wears a long draped robe similar to a Greek himation (Romans called it toga)?

Take a look below at how much the Greeks influenced the Kushans in their art and fashion. The top left image is one of the earliest depictions of Buddha in China. Note the similarities between it and the Gandhara Buddha on the right.

Left: Seated Buddha, Mahao Cliff Tomb, Sichuan Province, Eastern Han Dynasty, late 2nd century C.E. (photo: Gary Todd, CC0).

Right: Seated Buddha from Gandhara, Pakistan c. 2nd–3rd century C.E., Gandhara, schist (© Trustees of the British Museum)

Standing Bodhisattva Maitreya (Buddha of the Future), ca. 3rd century, gray schist. From Gandhara, Pakistan. Image credit to The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City, United States [image source].

Statue of seated goddess Hariti with children, ca. 2nd to 3rd centuries CE, schist. Artist unknown. From Gandhara, Pakistan. The British Museum, London, England [image source].

Before Buddhism spread outside of Northern India (birthplace), Indians never portrayed Buddha in human form.

Early Buddhist art is aniconic, meaning the Buddha is not represented in human form. Instead, Buddha is represented using symbols, such as the Bodhi tree (where he attained enlightenment), a wheel (symbolic of Dharma or the Wheel of Law), and a parasol (symbolic of the Buddha’s royal background), just to name a few. […] One of the earliest images [of Buddha in China] is a carving of a seated Buddha wearing a Gandharan-style robe discovered in a tomb dated to the late 2nd century C.E. (Eastern Han) in Sichuan province. Ancient Gandhara (located in present-day Afghanistan, Pakistan, and northwest India) was a major center for the production of Buddhist sculpture under Kushan patronage. The Kushans occupied portions of present-day Afghanistan, Pakistan, and North India from the 1st through the 3rd centuries and were the first to depict the Buddha in human form. Gandharan sculpture combined local Greco-Roman styles with Indian and steppe influences (Chaffin, 2022).

In the Mogao Caves, which contain some of the earliest Buddhist mural paintings in China, we see how initial Chinese Buddhist art depicted Indian fashion as opposed to the later hanfu-inspired garments.

Left to right: Cave 285, detail of wall painting, Western Wei dynasty (535–556 CE). Mogao Grottoes, Dunhuang, China. Courtesy the Dunhuang Academy [image source]. Note the clothes the man is wearing. It looks very similar to a lungi (a long men’s skirt).

Photo of Indian man sitting next to closed store wearing shirt, scarf, lungi and slippers. Paul Prescott. February 20, 2015. Varanasi, India [image source].

Cave 285, mural depiction of worshipping bodhisattvas, 6th century CE, Wei Dynasty (535-556 A.D.), Unknown artist. Mogao Grottoes, Dunhuang, China. Notice the half bow on his hips. That is a common style of tying patka (also known as pataka; cloth sashes) that we see throughout Indian history. Many of early Chinese Buddhist paintings feature it, including the ones at Mogao Caves.

Indian relief of Ashoka wearing dhoti and patka, ca. 1st century BC, Unknown artist. From the Amaravathi village, Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Currently at the Guimet Museum, Paris [image source].

Cave 263. Mural showing underlying painting, Northern Wei Dynasty (386–535 CE). Artist Unknown. Picture taken November 29, 2011, Mogao Grottoes, Dunhuang, China [image source]. Note the pants that look to be dhoti.

Comparison photo of modern dhoti advertisement from Etsy [image source].

Spread of Buddhism to East Asia.

Map depicting the spread of Buddhism from Northern India to the rest of Asia. Gunawan Kartapranata. January 31, 2014 [image source]. Note how Mahayana Buddhism arrived to China after passing through Kushan, Bactrean, and nomadic steppe lands, absorbing elements of each culture along the way.

Wealthy Buddhist female patrons emulated the fantasy fashion worn by apsaras, specifically, the uttariya/dajin and adopted it as an everyday component of their fashion.

Cave 285. feitian mural painting on the west wall, Western Wei Dynasty (535–556 CE). Artist unknown. Mogao Grottoes, Dunhuang, China [image source].

Cave 285. Detail view of offering bodhisattvas (bodhisattvas making offers to Buddha) next to the phoenix chariot on the Western wall of the cave. Western Wei Dynasty (535–556 CE). Artist unknown. Mogao Grottoes, Dunhuang, China [image source].

Cave 61 Khotanese (from the kingdom of Khotan 于阗 [56–1006 CE]) donor ladies, ca. 10th century CE, Five Dynasties period (907 to 979 CE). Artist unknown. Picture scanned from Zhang Weiwen’s Les oeuvres remarquables de l'art de Dunhuang, 2007, p. 128. Uploaded to Wikimedia Commons on October 11, 2012 by Ismoon. Mogao Grottoes, Dunhuang, China [image source].

Detail view of Ladies Adorning Their Hair with Flowers 簪花仕女图, late 8th to early 9th century CE, handscroll, ink and color on silk, Zhou Fang 周昉 (730-800 AD). Liaoning Provincial Museum, Shenyang, China [image source].

Therefore, the theory I propose of how the pibo entered East Asia is:

India —> Greek influenced West Asia (Sassanian Persians, Sogdians, Kushans, etc…) —> Han China —> Rest of East Asia (Three Kingdoms Korea, Asuka Japan, etc…)

Thus, the most likely theory, in my person opinion, is Buddhist iconography depicting uttariya encountered Greek-influenced West Asian Persian, Sogdian, and Kushan shawls, which combined arrived to China but wouldn’t become commonplace there until the explosion in popularity of Buddhism from the periods of Northern and Southern Dynasties to Song.

References:

盧秀文; 徐會貞. 《披帛與絲路文化交流》 [The brocade scarf and the cultural exchanges along the Silk Road]. 敦煌研究 (中國: 敦煌研究編輯部). 2015-06: 22 – 29. ISSN 1000-4106.