Effects of green space on wellbeing
What is greenspace and what does it have to do with my wellbeing?
Greenspace is what we call the areas dedicated to the environment which can be found in any urban setting (McMahon, 2021), so parks, lawns, commons and even tree-lined streets. There is sufficient evidence that supports a positive relationship between the use of local greenspace and a favourable outlook on life, or life satisfaction, which we would consider as hedonic wellbeing (Houlden et al, 2018). Wellbeing is vitally important to our health because it increases life expectancy, improves recovery from illness and is associated with positive health behaviours (Rogerson et al, 2020)
Just being outside, in nature, will make me feel better then?
The contribution and benefits of getting into nature, or greenspace, is multidimensional because it supports cognitive and spiritual wellbeing, as well as your physical health (Stanford, 2021). Psychological rewards of time spent in greenspace include restoration and stress reduction, as well as healthy ageing benefits, namely engagement in life activities and exercise (Scott, 2015)
It has been found that natural space motivates city dwellers to walk further, and bike longer, and subsequently attain the health benefits associated with physical activity (Parr, 2007), which then also leads to improved emotional wellbeing (Volker & Kistemann, 2018),
How else can I benefit from utilising a greenspace in my city?
There are numerous green exercise interventions that might provide a complementary pathway for facilitating wellbeing improvements (Parr, 2007). Gardening, for example, has been proven to be beneficial for your physical and mental wellbeing (Queensland Health, 2019).
Gardening interventions, however, offer more than simply contact with nature. They are usually social interventions, providing opportunities for people to interact with others and to engage in meaningful activity (Clatworthy et al, 2013). This is one reason why it is an important activity for older adults as it can increase the quality of later life, through enhanced social engagement, productive activity and exercise (Scott et al, 2015). Gardening’s associated social and occupational factors may also prove pivotal in promoting a sense of belonging and enhancing social inclusion for anyone who experiences mental health difficulties (Diamant and Waterhouse, 2010).
Interesting. It appears that I need to spend more time outside then.
That would be a great start, particularly as we are spending more and more time indoors (Abraham et al, 2010). Research shows we have a pre-disposition to finding natural stimuli relaxing (Gullone, 2000) and that exposure to this nature and greenery triggers a response in our parasympathetic nervous system which leads to feelings of improved wellbeing and relaxation (Clatworthy et al, 2013). Subsequently, contact with nature plays a vital role in our psychological wellbeing (Scott et al, 2015), and the benefits accumulate for those of us who have regular and direct contact with nature – specifically when considering rejuvenation, inner peace, anxiety and the reduction of stress (Cimprich & Ronnis, 2003).
List of references
Abraham, A., Sommerhalder, K. and Abel, T. (2010). Landscape and wellbeing: A scoping study on the health-promoting impact of outdoor environments. International Journal of Public Health, 55(1). 59-69.
Cimprich, B. and Ronnis, D. (2003). An environmental intervention to restore the attention in women with newly diagnosed breast cancer. Cancer Nursing, 26(4), 284–92.
Clatworthy, Jane, Hinds, Joe, & M. Camic, Paul. (2013). Gardening as a mental health intervention: A review. Mental Health Review Journal, 18(4), 214-225.
Diamant, E. and Waterhouse, A. (2010). Gardening and belonging: Reflections on how social and therapeutic horticulture may facilitate health, wellbeing and inclusion. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 73(2). 84-8
Gullone, E. (2000), The biophilia hypothesis and life in the 21st century: Increasing mental health or increasing pathology?. Journal of Happiness Studies, 1(3). 293-321.
Houlden, V., Weich, S., Porto de Albuquerque, J., Jarvis, S., & Rees, K. (2018). The relationship between greenspace and the mental wellbeing of adults: A systematic review. PLoS ONE, 13(9), e0203000. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A560248794/AONE?u=cqu&sid=bookmark-AONE&xid=fa3c746b
McMahon, M (2021, Feb 2). What is greenspace? Retrieved from All thing’s nature: https://www.allthingsnature.org/what-is-greenspace.htm
Parr, H. (2007). Mental health, nature work, and social inclusion. Environment and Planning D-Society &Space, 25(3), 537-61.
Queensland Health (2019). The surprising benefits of gardening. Retrieved from Queensland Government: https://www.health.qld.gov.au/news-events/news/health-benefits-of-gardening
Rogerson, M., Wood, C., Pretty, J., Schoenmakers, P., Bloomfield, D., & Barton, J. (2020). Regular doses of nature: The efficacy of green exercise interventions for mental wellbeing. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5) doi:http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.cqu.edu.au/10.3390/ijerph17051526
Scott, T., Masser, B., & Pachana, N. (2015). Exploring the health and wellbeing benefits of gardening for older adults. Ageing and Society, 35, 2176–2200.
Völker, S.& Kistemann, T. (2011). The impact of blue space on human health and well-being – Salutogenetic health effects of inland surface waters: A review, International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 214(6), 449-460
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