#leaf blight treatment

[popheart-warriors]

I wanna see your take on spottedleaf!

Oops haha remember when this account was alive? Well now it's (sort of) back!! And with more takes on canon warriors! ...A couple years late ;;

Heeeere's Spottedleaf! My dearly beloved doctor with an early demise. Rambles about her and a lil worldbuilding under the cut!

When I was first reading Warriors as a kid, the Fire Alone scene really stuck with me, and I had always seen Spotty as a sort of mystical, otherworldly seeming cat. I could always vividly picture her wide-eyed, unseeing stare, gaze glinting under the sparkling pinpricks staring back, blinking their secrets to her. Though, I never really enjoyed the Erins' tendency to boil her down to nothing more than 'pretty'. I particularly enjoy @bonefall's interpretation of her, with her generally unbothered demeanor, her pretty morbid interests and sense of humor, and ESPECIALLY the themes of leaf blight in her design. Those ended up working their way into my own vision of her, and now I don't think I can see her any other way! I did end up combining the two ideas into a hybrid of how I envisioned her as a child and the far more dynamic portrayals of her I've come to love nowadays. Behold our sweet, somewhat strange(/pos), leech-loving gal in all her glory! I like to think in my own version of her, her appearance leads people to be rather unassuming of her, but she's not just a pretty face, and certainly not to be underestimated! She's incredibly skilled at what she does both physically and spiritually, and she could be just as tough as our dear Yellowfang if you're getting in the way of the treatment of her patients! ...Or if you're a particularly unruly patient yourself. They're just leeches! Are you a big strong warrior, or a kit? On another note, this image showcases a little concept I like to work into my healer designs. I always give my healers two herbs tucked behind their ear. It's a traditional thing. They're given their first upon apprenticeship, typically mirroring their mentor's own, a tangible signifier of the knowledge they're passing to their charge, and the hope that they can bestow their best traits onto their student. The second is received upon earning their full name, a reflection of their skills, their strengths, their personality. It's wholly their own, symbolic of who they are as a healer, and as a cat. This is the one that will be passed to their future apprentice. A long chain from healer to healer, sharing the best parts of themselves to live on in the next generation. The herbs Spottedleaf wears are Elderflower and Dandelion. Elderflower, which was worn by Featherwhisker before her, represents compassion, humility, and zeal. Dandelion is representative of faithfulness, happiness, love's oracle, and overcoming hardships. Spottedleaf is a cat of much more depth than the books gave her credit for. I could go on about my thoughts on her for hours, honestly. She is, and always has been one of my favorite characters, and I've only grown to love her more and more over the years.

[bonefall]

what are the plot beats of bonefall tpb? i know youve mentioned its very politically focused, but what does the story really look like (if youve got that hammered out yet)?

It's very similar to Canon TPB in terms of plot beats, it's the least reworked arc because I think it's the one that needs the least amount of fixing. Even as-is I think it's a really good narrative against isolationism that just has some moderate stumbles (namely the introduction of BloodClan as the endgame enemy)

The majority of its problems come from its treatment of disability and its... terribly written romance. Even ships that should check out in theory like FireSand I think are just... frustrating at best.

So anyway I'll walk you through the changed plot beats off the top of my head. I'll also make some off-brand title changes for fun

Book 1: Into the Clans

Fireheart is aware of BloodClan to begin with and knows about their warnings of Clan Cats

Smudge has actually been seeing Spottedleaf in the darkness of the forest, she looks like an apparition of death because of her leaf-blight spots and bone-shaped markings

To begin with, more time is spent on Firepaw's apprenticeship before deposing Brokenstar

We're introduced to Channeling, which is an illegal way to contact a spirit... if they're willing to come when called. Spottedleaf does this to try and talk to her brother.

Redtail is not helpful because he is a jerk. Fireheart learns to not be afraid of death because of Spottedleaf's blithe attitude towards it

I also plan to establish at some point here that Longtail and Sandpaw's dads are Runningwind and Redtail and have Firepaw realize that the death of Redtail has affected them deeply

He considers this because he does not know what it is like to have a single dad let alone two, but if it's like losing a mom that's rough

Spottedleaf, Lionheart, and Rosetail die in the same raid where the Frostfour are snatched

Fireheart joins that patrol to retrieve the Frostfour from ShadowClan. Bluestar is on it, also.

Deerfoot is established as a rebel and Tangleburr as a Brokentail loyalist.

Deerfoot and many others don't like what Brokenstar has done, but he's a popular leader and they need help getting rid of him

Bluestar agrees to send the reinforcement they need. Tigerclaw is upset about this, citing that Clans aren't supposed to meddle in the affairs of others. They should just take the kits back honorably

An explanation of the ancient tradition of kit-stealing is given to Firepaw, which he is horrified by, but then he tunes back in to Bluestar rebuffing Tigerclaw with the Queen's Rights. He bows his head and agrees.

After Brokenstar is dethroned, Fireheart is named, and uses tarspot-blighted sycamore leaves to channel Spottedleaf for the first of many times.

Book 2: Blood and Water

Fire and Ice is basically unchanged, WindClan is retrieved, Silverstream is introduced, Cinderpaw and Brackenpaw apprenticed (though they are not below 6 moons this time), Brokenstar blinded, Cloudkit acquired, etc, but there's minor changes to motivations of scenes.

For example, the scuffle that gets Whiteclaw killed is an example of the Right of Challenge in action... and also Deadfoot and Leopardfur are equally matched the abelism in this fight bothers me.

Customary Deadfoot bonkening. All of his opponents get bonked once.

Graystripe's utter failure to train Brackenpaw is not forgotten, this is remembered. Fireheart is also asked to fill the role of Brackenpaw's mentor during the Warriorship ceremony later

Cloudkit is raised by Fireheart alone, Brindle just suckles him because Fireheart can't make milk.

Brindleface's kits are swapped! Ashkit is born later; the childhood friends of Cloudtail are Elderberry and Ferncloud.

Book 3: Old Secrets

In general THIS is the book where we would get an actual description of Thistle Law and its name

Fireheart also learns about Bluestar's Forget-Me-Nots, her old group of friends, and he starts to piece things together quicker than in canon.

For newcomers: The Forget-Me-Nots were a friend group of Bluestar, Deadfoot, Ashfoot, Barley Sr, Lizardstripe, and Oakheart. Her love of these people is what causes her to lead the way she does, helping all clans in a way unlike any other leader before her.

Similar to canon this is the book where Silverstream dies, Graystripe leaves, Tigerclaw is exiled, and Brokentail is poisoned. Not much else is different.

Book 4: Rising Fire

Runningnose does a little bit of epidemic. As a treat. Kills Cinderfur and Nightstar and installs Tigerstar

This is the book where Longtail starts to rise up as a close ally of Fireheart, more reliably than his younger sister Sandstorm who has more of her own mind.

The apprenticing of Elderpaw and Fernpaw is changed; Dustpelt is too young to have an apprentice and is rewarded for his loyalty by becoming the secondary apprentice of a Clan builder.

Frostfur gets Elderpaw, Darkstripe gets Fernpaw

Dustfern does not happen while Fernpaw is an apprentice, ick. She admires him one-sidedly while he is a young warrior arguing loudly with her awful mentor, though.

Snowkit is given some extra personality as being serious like his mom, and quite religious.

He is also a friend of Tawny and Bramble.

His death after the forest fire by a hawk is unchanged; and the start of Bluestar's cruelty arc.

We get Littlecloud and Whitethroat's thing, Cloudpaw's abduction, the beginning of Bluestar's cruelty arc, the forest fire, RiverClan sheltering them, and the deaths of Snowkit, Yellowfang, and Runningwind largely unchanged.

Book 5: Paths Chosen

Who_Let_The_Dogs_Out.mp4

Bluestar's cruelty arc continues

Ashfur is born in this book

Graystripe refuses to let Leopardstar murder Fireheart and is exiled; his kittens remember this

Cloudtail is made a warrior and Swiftpaw and Brightpaw go play with puppies

IMPORTANT: Brightpaw's "Dishonor Title" is SWIFTHOUND, it has nothing to do with her scarring. Her actions got Swiftpaw killed and that is what is dishonorable about this. Scars are a desirable trait in this rewrite.

It's a dare to StarClan; take her as Swifthound or make her live with this name.

Shuffle: Tigerstar lays claim to his kits after Swiftpaw dies, that was his oldest son and he says that ThunderClan is not capable of protecting his children

Shuffle: Sandstorm is the new mentor of Tawnypaw, Brackenfur is too young.

Firestar is aromantic, no confession scenes. These two actually have kittens together later as a form of honor-siring with coparenting.

They do the dog relay race, Elderpaw replaces Ashpaw because Ashkit is literally baby rn

Longtail replaces Graystripe on this race because Longtail's got zoomies and Graystripe's extra thick; NOT a runner.

Bluestar dies

Also as a side note the redux of Bluestar's Prophecy opens up right here, with Lizardstripe playing as her defense lawyer in StarClan and the trial framing the story. Thistleclaw also LEAVES StarClan in that book in protest to Bluestar being allowed in.

Book 6: Hour of Need (but also it would be funny if this one was called Before The Dawn and then TNP opened up with Dawn lmao)

Tigerstar actually offers BloodClan land in exchange for them helping him. This is important.

Fireheart evolves into Firestar like canon

Sorrelkit's poisoning results in her developing epilepsy after this, which will follow her for the rest of her life.

TigerClan officially forms... though I am thinking of pushing this back to the previous book so it's formed for longer.

The Bonehill is actually a really stupid idea in-universe and cats are working themselves to the BONE HHA to finish this incredibly pointless vanity project

I'm thinking a TigerClan rebel actually fetches Raven, Fire, and Gray to get them to help save the prisoners. Unsure who; maybe Primrosepaw or Reedpaw.

Execution of Stonefur like canon

There are several TigerClan rebels, one of which is Deerfoot, who help the Halfclans escape. Jaggedtooth is another, Primrosepaw, Reedpaw, Pikepaw, and Mosspelt as well.

In escaping, the only cat captured is Deerfoot

He refuses to rat out the other rebels, saving their lives, and is executed for it

Tangleburr is distraught

Later, WindClan is attacked and Gorsepaw dies.

Laterer Tigerstar gets unzipped by Scourge

AND THIS IS THE BIGGEST CHANGE;

Firestar calls to speak to Scourge, to ask what it is he really wants

He essentially learns that Scourge is sick of the dishonor of Clan cats, he was promised forest and he will have it. Diplomacy breaks down and the battle must happen

When Firestar and Scourge fight, Firestar dies once, revives, and beats him by ripping the collar off, but sparing his life.

"A true warrior does not need to kill to win their battles"

Scourge calls for a retreat

The Clans Win; but a lot of cats died on both sides

Longtail, not Graystripe, becomes deputy

Epilogue is ThunderClan, WindClan, and occasionally ShadowClan (but they're difficult) engaging in diplomacy with BloodClan, including trade and foraging rights.

Aaaaaaaand there you have it! Bonefall TPB summarized. If something wasn't mentioned here (like Tawny defecting) you can assume it happened in the book in a similar way.

[leadsevolved]

Comprehensive Tree Maintenance Services Near Boulder, CO for Long-Lasting Tree Care

Maintaining the health and beauty of your trees is essential for preserving the aesthetic value and safety of your property. Regular care ensures that trees continue to thrive and provide environmental benefits for years to come. For those seeking expert tree care, a trusted tree maintenance company can provide the knowledge, tools, and experience to keep your trees in optimal condition.

At Monster Tree Service of Greater Boulder, we specialize in delivering comprehensive tree maintenance services to ensure long-lasting tree health.

Located in Erie, CO, our team of certified arborists is dedicated to maintaining the trees throughout Boulder and the surrounding areas. Whether you require routine pruning or emergency tree removal, our experts are equipped to handle every aspect of tree care with precision and professionalism.

The Importance of Professional Tree Maintenance

Caring for trees goes beyond simple watering and occasional pruning. A professional tree maintenance company offers services tailored to each tree's needs. Routine care prevents diseases, promotes healthy growth, and ensures structural soundness. Here are the key benefits of regular tree maintenance:

1. Preventing Tree Diseases

Trees are vulnerable to diseases that can cause damage if untreated. Common diseases in Boulder, CO include leaf rust, anthracnose, and fire blight. A tree care company can spot early disease signs, apply treatments, and prevent spread. Our certified arborists at Monster Tree Service of Greater Boulder conduct assessments to catch issues before they become major, saving trees from decay or removal.

2. Promoting Healthy Growth

Tree maintenance is crucial for strong, healthy growth. Pruning removes dead or diseased branches, allowing energy to focus on growth. Thinning branches ensures sunlight and air circulation. Our pruning and trimming services enhance tree health, safety, and appearance by removing weak or damaged limbs, reducing storm breakage risk.

3. Ensuring Safety and Structural Stability

Poorly maintained trees can become hazardous. Dead branches or diseased trees risk property and people, especially in severe weather. Regular care identifies and addresses hazards before they become dangerous. At Monster Tree Service of Greater Boulder, we perform risk assessments to ensure tree integrity. If risks are found, we provide solutions like trimming or removal for a safe and beautiful landscape.

Tree Maintenance Services We Offer

Our team at Monster Tree Service of Greater Boulder offers comprehensive tree care services tailored to your trees' needs, performed by certified arborists with vast experience in tree health and safety.

1. Tree Pruning & Trimming

Pruning and trimming are vital for tree maintenance. By removing dead or overgrown branches, we help maintain structural integrity and enhance aesthetics. Proper pruning encourages healthy growth and reduces storm damage risks. Whether in Boulder or Louisville, we provide expert pruning services tailored to your tree's requirements, ensuring each cut promotes growth and stability.

2. Tree Removal

Tree removal may be needed if a tree is diseased, damaged, or a safety threat. Our team expertly removes trees with minimal disruption. We evaluate the tree's health and consider alternatives like pruning or disease management, but if removal is best, we ensure it's done with care and professionalism.

3. Stump Grinding & Removal

Stumps can be unsightly and hazardous. Our stump grinding services restore your landscape's appearance and prevent pests or fungal growth by thoroughly removing the stump, leaving your yard ready for future projects.

4. Emergency Tree Services

Storms or accidents can cause tree damage, posing immediate threats. Our emergency removal services respond quickly to fallen trees or hazardous branches. We understand the urgency and are ready to ensure your property is safe.

5. Tree Risk Assessments

Tree risk assessments are vital for proactive care, identifying hazards like weak branches or root decay that could cause damage. Our certified arborists conduct thorough evaluations, giving you a clear understanding of your trees' health and recommending corrective measures for identified risks.

Company Name:  

Monster Tree Service of Greater Boulder 

Company Phone: 

(303) 720-7312 

Business Address: 

Located in Erie, CO 

Driving Directions: 

Website URL: 

Social Links: 

https://www.facebook.com/MTSGreaterBoulder/  https://www.yelp.com/biz/monster-tree-service-of-greater-boulder-erie-2 https://www.merchantcircle.com/monster-tree-service-of-greater-boulder-erie-co  

About

Monster Tree Service is your trusted partner for comprehensive tree care services in the Greater Boulder area.

With a dedication to excellence and precision, our certified arborist and skilled crews handle a wide range of services, from expert tree removal services for construction projects to meticulous trimming and pruning to enhance your property's aesthetics.

Equipped with top-tier equipment and extensive expertise, we offer additional services such as nutrient injections, stump grinding, and plant health care.

Trust Monster Tree Service as your professional tree contractor that not only enhances your property's beauty and health but also ensures long-term vitality and sustainability. Visit our website or call today for a free estimate! 

Service Area Includes

Boulder, Longmont, Broomfield, Lafayette, Louisville, Superior, Niwot, Firestone, Dacono, Erie and other cities and towns throughout Boulder County, Colorado. 

[homeimprovement31311]

SMART HOME Yellow Leaves On Tomato Plants

Whether you��re an experienced green thumb or just starting out, seeing those vibrant green leaves fade to a sickly yellow can be disheartening. But fear not! In this blog post, we’ll explore the various causes of yellowing leaves on tomato plants and provide you with practical tips and solutions to bring your beloved tomatoes back to their healthy, verdant state.

For more: SMART HOME Yellow Leaves On Tomato Plants

Causes of Yellow Leaves on Tomato Plants

One of the main culprits behind yellow leaves on tomato plants is nutrient deficiencies. Tomatoes require a balanced diet to thrive, and when they don’t receive adequate amounts of essential nutrients like nitrogen, potassium, or magnesium, their leaves may start turning yellow. Ensuring that your plants are receiving proper nutrition through regular fertilization can help prevent these deficiencies.

Environmental factors can also contribute to yellowing leaves. Excessive heat or cold stress, as well as fluctuations in temperature and humidity levels, can cause leaf discoloration. Insufficient sunlight or too much shade can also impact the health of your tomato plants. It’s important to provide them with an optimal growing environment by placing them in a sunny spot and protecting them from extreme weather conditions.

Pests and diseases are another common source of trouble for tomato plants. Insects like aphids, whiteflies, or spider mites can infest your plants and damage their leaves, leading to yellowing and wilting. Fungal infections such as early blight or powdery mildew can also affect the foliage. Regular inspection and prompt treatment using organic pest control methods will help keep these issues at bay.

Prevention is always better than cure when it comes to maintaining healthy tomato plants. To prevent nutrient deficiencies, make sure you use a balanced fertilizer specifically formulated for tomatoes. Test your soil regularly to determine any deficiencies beforehand and adjust accordingly.

Proper watering practices are crucial too – overwatering or underwatering can stress out your plants and result in yellow leaves. Water deeply but infrequently while ensuring good drainage.

When you notice yellowed leaves on your tomato plant, it’s important not to panic! Removing some lower leaves occasionally is normal as part of the plant’s natural growth process; however, excessive leaf loss could indicate an underlying problem that requires attention.

By identifying the causes behind those pesky yellow leaves on your tomato plants promptly and taking appropriate action through preventative measures such as proper nutrition, environmental control, and pest management, you can enjoy a b

Nutrient Deficiencies

Nutrient deficiencies can be a common cause of yellow leaves on tomato plants. These plants require a balanced supply of essential nutrients to thrive and produce healthy foliage. When certain nutrients are lacking, it can affect the plant’s ability to carry out important biological processes, leading to symptoms like yellowing leaves.

One nutrient deficiency that often causes yellow leaves is nitrogen deficiency. Nitrogen is an essential component of chlorophyll, the green pigment responsible for photosynthesis. Without enough nitrogen, the leaves may appear pale or yellowish-green.

Another common nutrient deficiency in tomatoes is iron deficiency. Iron plays a crucial role in the production of chlorophyll and other enzymes involved in energy metabolism. When iron levels are insufficient, new leaves may develop interveinal chlorosis – a condition where the veins remain green while the rest of the leaf turns yellow.

Magnesium deficiency can also result in yellowing leaves on tomato plants. Magnesium is necessary for chlorophyll synthesis and helps facilitate various enzymatic reactions within the plant. A lack of magnesium can lead to overall leaf discoloration and stunted growth.

To address nutrient deficiencies in tomato plants, it’s important to provide them with a well-balanced fertilizer that contains all essential nutrients. Soil testing can help determine which specific nutrients are lacking and guide appropriate amendments.

Incorporating organic matter into the soil can also improve its fertility over time by enhancing nutrient availability and promoting beneficial microbial activity. Additionally, regular watering practices should be maintained to prevent excessive leaching of nutrients from the soil.

Remember that prevention is key when it comes to nutrient deficiencies in tomato plants! Providing adequate nutrition from seedling stage through maturity will help ensure vigorous growth and minimize issues related to imbalances or deficiencies.

Environmental Factors

The health and vitality of tomato plants can be greatly influenced by various environmental factors. One common cause of yellow leaves is excessive heat or sun exposure. When tomato plants are exposed to intense sunlight for prolonged periods, it can lead to leaf burn and discoloration.

Another environmental factor that can contribute to yellowing leaves is improper watering. Overwatering or underwatering can stress the plant, leading to nutrient deficiencies and yellow foliage. It’s important to find a balance and provide consistent moisture without overdoing it.

Additionally, poor soil quality or lack of nutrients in the soil can result in yellow leaves on tomato plants. Soil pH levels that are too high or too low may prevent proper nutrient absorption by the roots, causing deficiency symptoms like yellowing leaves.

[ultratreeservicesau]

Arborists and Tree Disease Management

In the midst of bustling urban landscapes and serene natural forests, trees stand as silent sentinels, enriching our lives in ways we often take for granted. These towering giants provide us with clean air, cool shade, and a connection to nature's wonders. Yet, like all living beings, trees face their share of challenges, including the ever-looming threat of diseases. It is at this intersection of nature and science that arborist Sydney come into play, emerging as the silent saviours of our green world. 

Understanding Tree Diseases

Before we explore the indispensable role of arborists in managing tree diseases, it is imperative to understand the types of diseases that trees can fall victim to. Tree diseases encompass a wide range of issues caused by various factors:

Fungal Diseases

Fungi are among the most common culprits behind tree diseases. They can affect different parts of a tree, from the leaves and branches to the roots. Some notable examples of fungal tree diseases include Dutch elm disease, oak wilt, apple scab, and powdery mildew. These diseases often manifest as discoloured or deformed leaves, cankers, or wilting branches.

Bacterial Diseases

Bacteria can also cause significant harm to trees. These infections may lead to leaf spot diseases, crown gall, fire blight, and other bacterial afflictions. Bacterial tree diseases can result in leaf discoloration, wilting, and dieback of branches.

Viral Diseases

While less common than fungal and bacterial diseases, viruses can debilitate a tree's immune system, making it more susceptible to other diseases. Tree viruses often present as distorted growth, yellowing leaves, and overall poor vigour.

Environmental Stress

Trees can experience stress due to various environmental factors, such as pollution, drought, extreme temperatures, or inadequate care. This stress weakens their natural defences, making them more susceptible to infections and diseases.

The Role of Arborists

Arborists, also known as tree surgeons or tree care professionals, are individuals with specialised knowledge and skills in the care and management of trees. They serve as the guardians of trees, ensuring their health and longevity. When it comes to tree disease management, arborists undertake several crucial roles:

Diagnosis

One of the primary responsibilities of arborists is diagnosing tree diseases accurately. They possess a keen eye for recognising the subtlest signs and symptoms of disease, such as leaf discoloration, unusual growth patterns, or the presence of pests. Accurate diagnosis is the cornerstone of effective disease management.

Treatment

Once a disease is identified, arborists recommend and implement appropriate treatment measures. These measures may include pruning infected branches to prevent further spread, applying fungicides or antibiotics, or improving overall tree health through proper care practices like fertilisation and soil management.

Preventive Maintenance

Arborists play a proactive role in preventing tree diseases. They assess the overall health of trees, identify potential risk factors, and implement measures to reduce these risks. Regular pruning, proper fertilisation, and soil improvement are all part of their preventive toolkit.

Pest Management

Many tree diseases are closely linked to insect pests that can weaken or damage trees. Arborists are skilled in identifying and managing these pests, preventing disease transmission and further damage to the trees.

Education

Arborists are not just tree doctors; they are also educators. They work closely with homeowners, property managers, and communities to impart knowledge about tree health and disease prevention. By providing valuable information on proper tree care practices and the significance of early disease detection, they empower individuals and communities to be stewards of their local trees.

Arborists are the unsung heroes of our green landscapes, dedicated to preserving the health and longevity of our trees. In the realm of tree disease management, their expertise is invaluable in diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases that could otherwise devastate our cherished trees. By recognizing and appreciating the work of these tree guardians, we can contribute to the well-being of our urban and natural forests. As we celebrate the vital role arborists play in maintaining the health of our arboreal companions, let us also renew our commitment to caring for and preserving the magnificent trees that grace our planet.

[landscapedesignfirm]

Plant Health Care Issues for Roses

Roses are a popular plant choice for homeowners, representing beauty and elegance, gracing gardens and landscapes with vibrant colors and rich fragrances. However, these delicate flowers are also susceptible to various types of disease and pests that can compromise their health and appearance. We have treated rose plants at multiple residences this season, and below we discuss some of the common plant health care issues for roses, focusing on disease prevention and treatment methods to help you keep your roses thriving and disease-free.

Rose Diseases

Common rose diseases in Pennsylvania include powdery mildew, Botrytis blight, Rose Mosaic virus, Crown Gall, and stem canker. Some of these diseases are fungal infections, while others are viral.

Powdery Mildew

Powdery mildew is one of the most common foliar diseases of roses. The white, powdery fungal growth can be very disfiguring, with repeated heavy infection reducing plant vigor.

The powdery mildew fungus that affects roses is Podosphaera pannosa var. rosae, formerly known as Sphaerotheca pannosa. Powdery mildew usually appears in spring or autumn when conditions are warm and humid, though plants can be affected at other times of year if conditions are right.

This a Rose bush we treated on a property for two common problems, including powdery mildew, that are relatively easy to identify. Powdery mildew is the cause of white and light grey spots on the leaves. The holes are caused by slug sawfly larva feeding on the leaves. Both will be treated and this rose will fully recover.

Rose Rosette

Rose rosette disease affects multiflora rose and ornamental Rosa genus plants., is caused by a virus (Emaravirus sp.) that is spread by a very small, eriophyid mite (Phyllocoptes fructiphylus). The mite feeds on the underside of leaves and injects saliva into the leaf tissue. The virus is then transmitted to new leaves when the mites move to new plants. They are wingless, but they can be carried on the wind or on clothing to new plants.

The symptoms of rose rosette appear as raised brown spots on new growth and on flowers. As the disease progresses, it causes deformation in the leaves and stems so that they resemble witches’ brooms.

Botrytis Blight

Botrytis blight is a fungal disease that is quite common in roses. Most common in cool, damp weather, the fungus infects the plant, causing gray spots on the leaves and petals. The fungus can also move to the cane, or stem of the rose plants.

Rose Mosaic Virus

Rose mosaic virus is a viral disease that causes yellowing and distortion of leaves. Aphids and thrips can transmit it. An important distinction between rose rosette and rose mosaic is that the rose rosette virus will kill the infected rose plants. Rose mosaic virus disease may cause symptoms such as slow growth, reduced flowers and increased susceptibility to frost for the entire life of the plant.

Crown Gall

Rose crown gall is a bacterial disease that causes tumor-like growths on the stems and roots of roses. Often considered a minor problem, it can cause considerable aesthetic damage to plants if left untreated.

Crown gall is caused by the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens (AT) and is spread by infected plant material. The pathogen enters through wounds in the plant tissue, which may be caused by pruning, transplanting or other physical damage. Once inside, AT causes abnormal cell proliferation. This results in warty growths on the stem or root called galls.

Rose crown gall symptoms include the following:

decreased blossoms

formation of large, irregular swellings at ground level

brown discoloration of affected stems

The disease can be spread by pruning equipment, or by galls breaking down in the soil. In the latter case, the pathogen can survive up to 3 years.

Cankers

Cankers are caused by a variety of fungi. These diseases cause reddish brown spots on canes (stems) that become covered with tiny black dots. Cankers can eventually kill the cane, and can be spread through pruning equipment.

Preventing Health Issues For Roses

To prevent these diseases and other plant health care issues for roses, good cultural methods such as proper watering, pruning, fertilization, and soil care are vital. Additionally, organic or chemical control methods, such as fungicides and horticultural oils, can protect your roses from diseases.

Good Air Circulation

Proper air circulation is crucial for maintaining the health of your roses. Good air circulation helps prevent the growth of fungal diseases by reducing humidity around the plants. To achieve this, roses need to be spaced adequately, pruned regularly, and any weeds or debris that may obstruct airflow need to be removed. Research has shown that proper air circulation can significantly reduce the incidence of diseases like powdery mildew in roses.

Resistant Varieties

Some rose varieties are more resistant to certain types of disease and pests than others. Choosing resistant varieties can reduce the need for chemical treatments and make maintaining plant health more manageable. Recommended disease-resistant rose varieties include ‘Knock Out,’ ‘Carefree Beauty,’ and ‘New Dawn,’ among others.

Early Spring Care

In early spring, roses need to be pruned to remove dead or diseased wood, fertilized with a slow-release fertilizer, and a dormant oil should be applied to control pests. Proper pruning is essential, as homeowners run the risk of wounding their plants by not making careful, precise cuts.

As an example, the best way to prevent crown gall is to avoid wounding plants when pruning or transplanting them.

Applications

Fungicides can be an effective tool for preventing and treating rose diseases. Botrytis blight, for example, can be treated with a fungicide spray, but it should be done as early as possible, before the fungus has had time to spread. An important note is that fungicides must be applied carefully to avoid resistance development.

Insecticides or horticultural oils can be useful to help control pests, such as aphids, and disease. Viral diseases like the rose mosaic virus can be controlled by systemic insecticides containing antibiotics to prevent infestation of aphids and thrips.

Contact Burkholder PHC for Plant Health Care Issues for Roses

If you want to keep your roses vibrant and maintain other healthy plants on your property, contact Burkholder PHC for more information or to schedule a consultation. Burkholder PHC has a team of experienced, qualified experts that can help homeowners maintain the health and appearance of their roses and other plant life. With years of experience in the field, our team knows how to treat plant health care issues for roses and high value landscape plants.

Blog is originally published at: https://www.burkholderphc.com/plant-health-care-issues-for-roses/

It is republished with the permission from the author.

[treedoctorusasworld]

Safeguarding Oak Forests: Discovering the Primary Hosts of Sudden Oak Death

Do you want premium services for sudden oak death treatment in San Diego? Then, you can contact our experts today. Further, if you want to get more updates on the causes of this disease, prevention, and control measures, connect with Tree Doctor USA. Original Source: Primary Hosts of Sudden Oak DeathSudden Oak Death refers to a disease that occurs due to Phytophthora Ramorum (a plant pathogen like a fungus). This disease was first identified in the middle of the 1990s, killing some Oak species (such as coast live oak and Oak relatives). Despite causing fatal effects to the trees, the fungus produces some airborne spores, spreading fast in new environments. Hence, if you need help with sudden oak death treatment in San Diego you can contact our experts in tree healthcare.

For some regulatory purposes, hosts have been divided into two categories – ”associated hosts” and “regulated hosts.” This categorization is dependent on the testing amount to determine that the plant species works as a host for this pathogen. Besides, a few plant species are confirmed as the positive hosts of P. Ramorum. However, they are not included in the list of associated hosts or USDA hosts.

The pathogen like sudden oak death disease causes two kinds of symptoms to the host plants in San Diego. The trunk cankers or bores are observed on some oak species, showing some leaf spots. Such trunk cankers create severe damages, and often, they lead to plant death. When the P. Ramorum becomes weak, some bark beetles attack the diseased Oak plants, and it increases the rate of mortality. If the tree parts die, Annulohypoxylon Thourasianum fungi remain in tree species and will start to grow.

In California, the sporulating host of the pathogen is Umbellularia californica, commonly named as California bay laurel.

Identification Of Hosts

1. Oak Hosts

It is necessary to confirm the infections of P. Ramorum in the laboratory through using DNA analysis or culture techniques to detect the pathogen DNA. However, you can not detect this pathogen with the help of only the field symptoms. But you can find the infected trees near infected plants. Hence, when you find Oaks with major symptoms of this disease in your landscape where the experts confirm sudden oak death disease in San Diego, the plants can be considered as infected with the pathogen.

Oaks that grow farther from the infested landscape cannot further spread unless nursery stock or infected materials has been taken to this area. Based on the place of infection, the divisions of hosts of P. Ramorum are into two categories – foliar hosts and trunk hosts. Among these two types, trunk hosts like oaks and tanoaks usually get infected in bark, and it often leads to fetal effects. Other organisms attack diseased tanoak and oak trees after the weakening effects of P. Ramorum. These organisms involve bark beetles, ambrosia beetles, and sapwood decay fungus.

On the other hand, foliar hosts are Camelia, rhododendron, or California bay laurel. Though you can find a few symptoms, such as twig dieback or leaf spots in these foliar hosts, these hosts generally do not die. Despite this disease, infection of P. Ramorum on the hosts is named “Ramorum blight.”

Quercus Spp. (Oaks)

This Oak genus can be divided into groups or subgenera -intermediate/golden, white, and red. Oaks from this white group, including blue oak, Garry oak, and valley oak, are not susceptible to this disease.

The red Oaks (Shreve’s oak, California black oak, and coast live oak) is one of the primary hosts of sudden oak death fungus in San Diego. The most useful and obvious symptom is cankering on the plant trunk. Cankers possess black or red-brown discoloration. They develop around 1 or 2 meters off the ground level, but they do not reach under the soil level. Initially, you notice bleeding sap on intact bark, and major wounds are absent. Later, when the disease becomes intensified, the bark can split.

It smells like the inside of any wine barrel but the color can be different from amber-orange to black. Only large trees, having more than around 4 inches in diameter, show symptoms of sudden oak death fungus in San Diego. Besides, infections in small saplings are quite rare. Lichens and mosses that grow on the trunk of the trees die if this sap gets in contact. If such lichens and mosses die, it can indicate that the infected trees are bleeding.

You can notice the symptoms of infection of this fungus in stems, trunks, and leaves. Leaves become drought-stressed, and they turn to dull green, purple, red, yellow due to wilting. Infected barks show signs of water-soaked, disagreeable odor, and red-brown discoloration. Additionally, the tree roots get rotten after this fungus attacks the plant.

In the red Oak species, death occurs with sudden leaf browning throughout the whole crown or slowly with leaf loss. The infection of P. Ramorum leads to dieback of shoot tips or a crook of the shepherd. After around two years of the infection of P. Ramorum, death occurs. At that time, it’s difficult to find major external symptoms, and only some intermittent oozing effects get detected.

Notholithocarpus Densiflorus (Tanoak)

Tanoak is one of the most susceptible hosts to P. Ramorum. All ages and sizes of tanoaks (including mature trees, saplings and seedlings) are infected and then killed. Due to sudden oak death disease attacks in San Diego, branches, trunks, leaves, leaf petioles and twigs of this plant get infected. Further, the sudden oak death fungus in San Diego reproduces or sporulates on leaves and twigs of tanoak. But due to infection of this fungus, no such symptoms of bleeding or cankers are found. Hence, sudden oak death prevention in San Diego has become difficult.

2. Non-Oak hosts

A few foliar hosts support populations of this pathogen, and they facilitate to spread of the pathogen.

Oregon Myrtle Or California Bay Laurel

This is another host of P. Ramorum and causes leaf spots, specifically gray to brown leaf tips, with irregular leaf margins, outlined by a yellow halo. You will find lesions at the places where water is stored on leaves, specifically, the tips of leaves, though on plant leaves are positioned or flat sideways, spots develop anywhere on the leaves.

Death cases of Oregon myrtle due to infection of P. Ramorum go unnoticed. However, infected plants work as major reservoirs of this pathogen inoculum. Thus, this host plays a vital role in spreading sudden oak death disease in San Diego.

In these host plants, this disease takes place while the air carries the fungus and settles on any tree part. Sudden oak death prevention in San Diego is crucial because this disease kills the Oak trees as well as harms other plants.

To avoid this issue, one of the useful solutions is consulting with the experts to diagnose the severity of the disease and take possible actions to stop the spreading.

Rhododendron Species

On these hosts, you can find leaf spots on rhododendrons, and lesions in the plants penetrate through tissues. Additionally, you can observe triangular-shaped spots to midvein. The places at which water gets collected on leaf surfaces, such as at the tips of leaves, near petioles, or leaf edges, you can find the spots. The appearance of water-soaked and diffuse margins is the major symptom of this disease. In some conditions, stems, twigs, even the whole plant can die.

Camellia Species

In this host, the common symptoms are leaf spots 1/4 inch in diameter, covering around 50% of the leaves. You can find lesions on leaf edges or tips. Also, you can notice diffuse margins on thick black zones. Plants can drop the infected leaves, and lower segments of the host can defoliate. Occasionally, buds or flowers can be affected. But, cankers in small branches or tip diebacks cannot be found in Camellia species.

Diagnosis

After you get confirmation that sudden oak death fungus in San Diego is the cause of the disease, the next step is submitting symptomatic plant materials to the laboratory to test the disease’s cause. As in most cases, failing to perform a good diagnosis can deteriorate your ability to protect your trees from sudden death.

Solutions For Sudden Oak Death Disease By Tree Doctor USA

We follow the proper step-by-step method for sudden oak death treatment in San Diego; these steps are-

1. Investigation

Our professional team members analyze this severe disease to offer the best treatment solution.

2. Source

If the investigation reveals that there is a severe infection in a tree due to this pathogen, the experts will find out the original reason to offer effective sudden oak death treatment in San Diego. In this way, we can provide the right treatment solution to avoid this disease.

3. Protection

After diagnosing the source, the arborists take necessary actions to stop the further spread of this disease with the help of extensive control. We have observed that the best way to prevent the spreading of this disease is avoidance of moving plant materials within long distances, addressing the real source of the disease and avoiding traveling in the infected areas.

For protection purposes, trees with this disease have to be treated in a different way in comparison to trees without this disease. In some instances, the trees with sudden oak death disease in San Diego can stay healthier. But, according to collected data, non-oak foliar plants act as primary hosts, actually spreading this pathogen.

4. Action

We have professional arborists who are trained to control this disease. However, there is no such treatment procedure to cure the diseased plants. The best way in management practices is to prevent the spread of this disease to new areas or plants and protect the susceptible plants before they get infected.

5. Medication

Though there is no such procedure of medication is there to control this disease, our arborists apply proper controlling measures. Sometimes, some fungicides are used that can mask the symptoms of P. ramorum so that there is no further spread of diseases.

6. Post check-up

After controlling this disease, the experts of Tree Doctor USA revisit the trees for the purpose of post-treatment inspection. This post check-up procedure assures that there is no such side effect after medication or treatment procedures. This method facilitates avoiding post-treatment problems.

Benefits You Can Get With Our Procedures Of Sudden Oak Death Treatment In San Diego

Our experienced arborists provide step-by-step treatment and care to Oak trees. So, the trees can recover from the diseased state in a faster way.

With the help of our treatment protocols, sudden oak death disease in San Diego can be removed from your landscape completely.

Our treatment procedures can save the life of other plants as well as trees from this disease.

Trees need multiple years to grow again after the attack of this disease. We can assure you that the trees can get healthy again.

A shrub or tree from this disease is going to be loved by everyone.

Do you want premium services for sudden oak death treatment in San Diego? Then, you can contact our experts today. Further, if you want to get more updates on the causes of this disease, prevention, and control measures, connect with Tree Doctor USA.

Original Source: Primary Hosts of Sudden Oak Death

[chris-mga2022mi5019]

🟢Green hat | Research | Creative | where ideas are abundant and criticism spares

Use of fungicides for healthy plant growth. Fungicides are pesticides that kill or prevent the growth of fungi and their spores. They can be used to control fungi that damage plants, including rusts, mildews and blights. They might also be used to control mold and mildew in other settings.

Triazoles

Modern systemic fungicides are typified by the triazoles. This group of fungicides is still the basis of cereal disease management strategies worldwide, particularly in Europe, North America, Australia, and New Zealand, where they are primarily mixed with strobilurins and with the new-generation pyrazole carboxamide SDHIs (succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors), introduced in 2010.

Lumisena™ fungicide fights and beats phytophthora, so your soybeans can shine.

Phytophthora is the number one disease in soybeans and can significantly reduce yields.

New Lumisena fungicide seed treatment provides the most advanced seed-applied technology to protect against phytophthora. Lumisena also enhances emergence and vigour to maximize yield potential and improve soybean plant stands.

The preventive fungicide must come into direct contact with the fungus, and they have to be re-applied to new plant tissues (as leaves or needles expand in the spring) or if the product washes off. Curative fungicides affect the fungus after infection.

"Triazoles are single site, it stops the production of the fungi spores within the leaf (inside)"

"Chlorothalonil is an non systemic multi site foliar fungicide, it targets varies enzymes and metabolic developments of fungus. It destroys the fungal membranes, the part of the fungi that is on the top of the leaf."

Chlorothalonil is an organic compound mainly used as a broad spectrum, nonsystemic fungicide, with other uses as a wood protectant, pesticide, acaricide, and to control mold, mildew, bacteria, algae. Chlorothalonil-containing products are sold under the names Bravo, Echo, and Daconil.

Folpet is a protective leaf-fungicide. Its mode of action inhibits normal cell division of a broad spectrum of microorganisms. It is used to control cherry leaf spot, rose mildew, rose black spot, and apple scab. (multi site protectant) it is like a mix of Triazoles and Chlorothalonil.

[chemicalresearchupdates]

Seed Treatment Fungicides Market Size and Share: An In-depth Analysis

The seed treatment fungicides market is a segment within the larger seed treatment market, specifically focusing on fungicide products used for seed treatment. Fungicides are chemical agents that are applied to seeds to protect them from fungal diseases and pathogens, ensuring healthier and more vigorous crop growth.

Here is some comprehensive information about the seed treatment fungicides market:

Market Overview: The seed treatment fungicides market is experiencing significant growth due to the increasing demand for crop protection solutions, rising awareness about the benefits of seed treatment, and the need for higher agricultural productivity. Fungicides play a crucial role in preventing seedborne and soilborne diseases, enhancing seed germination, and improving crop yields.

Types of Fungicides: The seed treatment fungicides market offers a wide range of products, including chemical fungicides and biological fungicides. Chemical fungicides are typically synthetic compounds that directly inhibit or kill fungal pathogens. Biological fungicides, on the other hand, are derived from natural sources such as bacteria, fungi, or plant extracts and work by suppressing fungal growth through various mechanisms.

Application Methods: Seed treatment fungicides can be applied to seeds through various methods, including dry seed treatment, slurry seed treatment, and film coating. Dry seed treatment involves applying fungicide powder directly to seeds, while slurry seed treatment involves mixing fungicide with a liquid carrier before coating the seeds. Film coating involves applying a thin layer of fungicide on the seed surface using a film-forming agent.

Key Fungal Diseases: The seed treatment fungicides market addresses a wide range of fungal diseases that affect crops. Common fungal diseases include seed rot, seedling blight, damping-off, root rot, leaf spot, powdery mildew, and rust. Different fungicides are developed to target specific fungal pathogens and provide effective control and protection against these diseases.

Major Crop Segments: The seed treatment fungicides market caters to various crop segments, including cereals, oilseeds, pulses, fruits, vegetables, and other cash crops. Different crops may require specific fungicide formulations and application methods, considering their susceptibility to particular fungal diseases.

Regional Market Dynamics: The seed treatment fungicides market exhibits regional variations influenced by factors such as crop preferences, agricultural practices, disease prevalence, regulatory policies, and market demand. North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East and Africa are significant regional markets for seed treatment fungicides.

Key Players and Competition: The market for seed treatment fungicides is highly competitive, with several multinational and regional players operating in the industry. Key companies involved in the development and manufacturing of seed treatment fungicides include BASF SE, Syngenta AG, Bayer CropScience, FMC Corporation, Corteva Agriscience, and Nufarm Limited, among others.

Regulations and Sustainability: The seed treatment fungicides market is subject to regulations and guidelines set by regulatory bodies to ensure the safe and responsible use of these products. The industry is also witnessing a growing focus on sustainable agricultural practices, leading to the development of environmentally friendly and biodegradable fungicide formulations.

Market Outlook and Future Trends: The seed treatment fungicides market is expected to continue its growth trajectory in the coming years. Increasing research and development activities, advancements in formulation technologies, and the adoption of integrated pest management approaches are anticipated to drive market expansion. Additionally, rising concerns regarding food security and the need to minimize post-harvest losses are likely to boost the demand for seed treatment fungicides.

[caduceuss]

@yakshia: A husk for atrocities to fester, ferity that which all had fallen to before & his fate to join them was inescapable. xiao had anticipated to awaken in the darkness, to the sensation of blood as it seeped through his fingers. both he and the evil which dwells within him at war for eternity, inevitably there would be but a sole victor. as eyes of aureate flutter open, taking in his surroundings, with haste he would reach for his spear only to find it -  missing.  xiao’s attention averts, lingering on the one who sat adjacent to their bed, observing him -  met with a furrowing brow.  in this space he was restricted, suffocating in disparity to the open plains of liyue.  “  doctor baizhu..”  morax had spoken to him of this man, adept at healing. there was no medicine that could mitigate that which blighted him thus as the pharmacist descended upon him, a bowl in hand, even the yaksha withdraws.  “  why am i here.” 

injured   brought   to   the   back   of   the   pharmacy   is   not   an   uncommon   sight   -   qiqi   and   herbalist   gui   both   had   a   penchant   for   bringing   home   strays.   still,   an   adeptus   -   let   alone   the   legendary   vigilant   yaksha   -   had   been   a   first   -   and   for   the   first   hour   or   so   baizhu   had   had   to   repeatedly   ask   the   serpent   about   his   neck   if   he   was   dreaming,   or   if   this   was   real.   at   some   point,   changsheng   had   tightened   herself   to   near   painfulness   around   his   throat   to   get   him   to   shut   up   -   so   the   doctor   had   gone   about   his   work   instead.   real   indeed.

in   truth,   adepti   anatomy   was   not   unfamiliar   to   him   -   but   the   treatment   of   their   ailments   with   human   methods   rarely   yielded   much   results.   still,   he   was   not   a   man   to   quickly   result   to   more   dubious   methods,   and   chose   instead   to   carefully   bandage   what   wounds   he   could   (strange,   unbleeding   cuts   and   sores   -   a   festering   of   poor   energy   that   had   his   head   spinning   and   changsheng   hissing   in   displeasure).   salves   applied   to   the   outer   edges   of   dark,   teal   infused   gashes,   soft   linen   bandages   that   baizhu   himself   had   wrapped   -   all   done   with   surprising   reverence.   he   knew   what   it   meant   to   lay   hands   upon   a   yaksha,   even   if   said   yaksha   was   unconscious.

he   had   hovered   at   xiao's   side   the   better   part   of   a   day,   leafing   through   paperwork,   amending   his   studies,   talking   in   hushed   tones   with   qiqi   and   gui   -   until   the   shadows   grew   long   and   the   lanterns   had   been   lit   within   the   bedroom   proper.   only   then   did   the   adeptus   stir   -   and   baizhu's   head   rose   to   greet   him.   graceful   feet   have   him   rising   in   an   instant,   grabbing   the   nearby   ceramic   bowl   that   contained   fresh,   mint-infused   water.   he's   at   his   side   then,   extending   the   dish   with   that   same   tranquil   smile   he   gave   everyone,   though   it   does   not   meet   the   serpentine   hue   of   his   gaze.   

"   conqueror   of   demons.   "   he   says,   not   unkindly,   "   qiqi   found   you   unconscious   at   the   riverbed   and   brought   you   to   me   for   treatment.   you've   been   unconscious   the   better   part   of   a   day.   "   long   legs   have   him   dropping   down   to   the   bed's   level   with   a   slight   wince,   and   again   he   pushes   the   dish   forward   into   the   yaksha's   hands.   "   drink,   lest   you   fall   unconscious   again,   hm?   "   sweet,   kind   words   from   a   human   doctor,   but   inwardly...

        did   morax   pay   so   little   attention   to   his   loyalists?

[tangsons-biotech2]

Early and Late Potato Blight Therapies

Gardeners and farmers are always concerned about blight diseases on their farms. The potato is the most damaged of the vegetables.

Potato blight is a fungal disease that wreaks havoc on the hard work of farmers. It not only destroys above-ground crops but also renders tubers ineffective. They lose their annual earnings within a few months of the outbreak in their farm yards.

If you are troubled with early or late blight in your potato lawn, this article sounds like it's for you. It gives you all the knowledge and insights you could use to prevent this disease cycle. Here we start.

How to Detect Potato Blight?

Blight causes trouble for potatoes and their related siblings, like tomatoes and eggplants. Early and late blight symptoms appear at different times. But their appearances facilitate a timely diagnosis.

Potato Early Blight

As all blight diseases result from fungal infection, early blight is also caused by a fungus, Alternaria Solani.

Alternaria Solani first attacks older leaves. Its spores remain in plant debris and tumors left by farmers during harvesting.

Once the humidity reaches its desired level and temperature 75 degrees Fahrenheit or 24 degrees Celsius, the spores penetrate the leaf tissues and cause visible lesions like a bull's eye in the leaves. We can say that they are potato early blights.

Potato Late Blight

It is the exact shape of the early blight lesion, but the former has dark and scaly patches. The fungus Phytophthora infestans is behind a potato late blight. It is detrimental in terms of deterioration in leaves, stems, and tubers.

How Could You Cure Early and Late Potato Blight

Here are two preventive measures to halt the spread of early and late potato blight.

Potato Seed Treatment

Potato seed treatment unlocks the insidious properties of a potato by treating its seed in a variety of environments, like those with fungi, bacteria, and pests, so that it can bear damage from these microorganisms.

Seed Inoculant

Seed inoculant acts as a type of immunization treatment in the seed. This method increases the ability of seeds to fight against germination.

[plcautomation]

A leading supplier of Grape Special Products in Nashik, we are a company that has been in the field for over 25 years now. With years of experience, we've built our reputation around being a reliable supplier & manufacturer. This is why we work with a number of international companies which supply all sorts of products to various markets. If you are looking for a supplier who can be relied on to give only the best quality, our merchants can help you find exactly what you're looking for.

Our Quality Products

● Trio

● Max Linea Grape Special

● ENORM

● CAPLONG Plus

● Chemag Plus

● Techno

● Span  

Trio -  Trio is Gibberellins dipping media. It is added to the water in which the G.A. stock solution is mixed. Trio maximizes G.A. efficiency to get elongation of bunch steam. It also makes sub-branching of the bunch. This improves bunch shape & size. Use of Trio in all three G. A. dipping results in automatic berry thinning elongation & imparts luster on each berry.

Max Linea Grape Special - Max Linea is next generation Plant Growth Promoting formulation. Its usage is especially helpful for Berry Development in Grape cultivation for varieties such as Sonaka, Manikchaman, etc. Max Linea helps in Berry elongation but also imparts a shining & attractive color to the berry. 

ENORM - E - Norm is a Technical Sizer specially formulated to Increase berry size in grape cultivation. It also makes berries shiny & improves their color & texture. 

Dosage: use 1.5 -2 ml E-Norm per liter water along with Gibberellic Acid In 2 & 3 Dipping

CAPLONG Plus -  Capulong Plus is a specially formulated product to get elongated berry size in Grape cultivation for a variety such as Sonaka, Thompson, Manik Chaman, etc. Capulong Plus not only helps in elongation but also imparts a shining & attractive color to the berry.

Chemag Plus - Chemag Plus is a unique and researched complex that includes carbohydrates, proteins, and enzymes. It promotes natural biochemical processes in plants such as sugar formation and translocation of nutrients. This gives healthy growth to the vineyard and also protects grapes and berries from mummification.

Techno - Techno is a Technical sizer specially formulated to increase berry size in grape cultivation. It also makes berries shiny and improves their color & texture.Techno causes cell elongation, and cell division and thus increases pericarp diameter. It also develops pathogen or abiotic tolerance. Hence, Techno increases the berry size, and weight and increases the yield. Techno also prevents flower & berry dropping.

Span -  AEGIS is researched, an herbal nanotechnology-based special formulation for the treatment of various species of Xanthomonas, Pseudomonas and other bacterial infections.

AEGIS contains nano herbal particles of metallic ions embedded with the herbal extract. They interact with proteins and cause structural deformation of the cell membranes. Positive metallic ions then enter through the membrane causing inhibition of cell replication and eventual cell death.

Thus Aegis is effective on various bacterial diseases such as Bacterial leaf blight (BLB), Bacterial blight, Leaf streak, Xanthomonas canker, and Black spots.

[blackknotbegone]

Xylella Fastidiosa is one plant pathogen, and is transmitted exclusively by xylem fluid that causes different plant diseases. The main goal of management is to prevent its spread, but when the infestation is heavy, it can be nearly impossible. Black Knot Be Gone provides Xyella Fastidiosa treatment that safely promotes healing of the whole tree for Xyella Fastidiosa disease of Olive Trees containing all organic plant ingredients. Order only at $43.85. Contact: 607-343-7781.

To know the detailed use of this product and buy this, please follow the link:

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[timefortrees]

Is my dogwood tree suffering a blight?

Hey, .

Mmmm it might be, from the photos (looked at on my phone) it appears it might javem inor symptoms of spot anthracnose. This disease is caused by the fungus Elsinoe corni, one of the most common leaf diseases of flowering dogwoods. The flower bracts are usually attacked first, then the leaves, young shoots, and fruit of dogwoods, primarily during wet spring weather.

It's not normally fatal, but severe and repeated occurrences can weaken the tree.

As far as I am aware it doesn't need any treatment unless the infection is severe, if it does be one severe, application of a fungicide should help.

However, as it appears to have only minor symptoms at the moment it probably wouldn't be worth applying fungicide. I would make sure it stays well watered during dry periods, and create a natural mulch circle around the base of the tree with a radius of a minimum of 50cm. This will slowly improve the soil and release nutrients into the soil, naturally as the mulch degrades.

Hope this helps,I am only looking at the photos on my phone so apologies if I've missed something.

Stay safe :)

[adarrenxinyi]

Why chitosan used on hydroponics

Chitosan is known as plant vaccines and they are the third type of vaccine after human and animal vaccines. 100% water soluble chitosan is very suitable for hydroponics farming.

It’s applied in a wide range of crops and application methods are also very flexible. Its important value has been gradually tapped and catch more and more attention. A wealth of compound products has emerged in and will open up a new path for crop nutrition and health.

Now we analyze the current mainstream application methods

First, Seed pretreatment — disease resistance, strong seedlings, increased yield

By seed dressing, soaking, coating and other methods to treat seeds, it can increase seed germination force, increase seed germination rate and prompt seed emergence with full and strong seedlings, and so on.

Seed treatment can activate the own immune and growth system, inhibit the invasion and growth of pathogens, and can dissolve the protein coats and cells of fungi, bacteria, and virus, thereby effectively preventing the occurrence of crop diseases. It has been experimentally demonstrated that treated peanuts perform well during the growth.

Not only the plants are robust and has more developed root system, but also the rhizobium are produced ahead of schedule and more distributed, which can directly promote the increase of yield.

Second, Soil treatment — control of nematodes, improve soil condition, promote root development

A, Kill nematodes. Chitosan oligosaccharide (Chitosan oligosaccharide) induces crops to produce chitinase that can decomposes and absorbs the chitooligosaccharides in nematodes body and eggs’ shell and dissolve the shell, resulting in the death of nematodes and eggs. Chitosan oligosaccharides can be often used on crops in advance to induce chitinase’s production at high level for long time to prevent nematodes.

B, Optimize the flora. After chitosan oligosaccharide is applied into the soil, it can cultivate a large number of beneficial bacterias such as actinomycetes in a short period. These beneficial bacterias secrete a large amount of antibiotic substances and chitinase (chitinase can decompose and destroy nematodes’ body and eggs’ shell) which can directly inhibit adults and eggs, and at the same time inhibit the harmful bacterias such as Pythium, Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, mold, fusarium and other harmful bacterias, thereby reducing the harmful bacterias’ compound infestation caused by nematode damage and reducing the seedlings’ death. It has been determined that the use of chitooligosaccharide fertilizers can increase fiber-decomposing bacteria and autonomic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil by nearly 10 times, and the number of actinomycetes by 30 times.

C, Healthy roots. Chitosan oligosaccharide can obviously help the roots’ growth and development. It promotes the division of root cells and rapid increasing of capillary roots, reduce the emergence of dead roots and decayed roots, promotes the development of the root system. Therefore, when crops are exposed to nematode damage during the vegetable growth or fruiting period, the treatment by irrigating the root can restore the crops’ vitality and maintain normal growth status. Therefore, the damage caused by nematode can be minimized.

Third, Foliar spraying — resistance of diseases, bacteria and stress, increase yield healthily

A, Induce crops’ stress-resistance.

Chitosan oligosaccharide can induce crops’ structural resistance to the diseases. For examples, it can thicken the plant’s cell walls or lift the lignification degree; rapidly activate of cells and induce the plants to produce multiple stress-resistance substances in a short period of time, and induce a series of defense reactions in the plants; enhance the plant’s resistance to disease and adverse environment.

It’s widely used in the control of various crop diseases caused by fungi, bacteria and viruses especially viral diseases, blight, wilt on crops like watermelon, tomato, tobacco, cotton, fruit, pepper, vegetables, rice, etc.;

B, The activation of cells by Chitosan oligosaccharide can significantly increase yield.

Induction the overall regulation of endogenous hormones: leaf-spraying improves the breathability and water retention ability; leaf-spraying or soil application can promote the division of root cells, stimulate the root system stronger, and enhance the plants’ resistance to drought and lodging.

The stem will be thick and short, and the leaves looks dark green and moist, which significantly increase the photosynthesis and promote the directional transport of photosynthetic products.

After application, it can make all plant organs grow vigorously, enhance the resistance of the crops, help the recovery of damaged plants, promote strong seedlings and roots’ development, promote plant growth and development and finally improve crop quality.

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Farmpally: Tips for Managing Rice Seedling Diseases in Canada

Seedling diseases can prevail in any rice field. However, their likelihood can be reduced with proper management. Seed rots and seedling diseases are generally “complex” meaning there can be more than one causal agent in a field. In fields with seedling problems, pathogen structures such as mycelia may easily be detected on the collar of infected seedlings or may be seen radiating from rotted seeds. Rotting seeds become mushy and may be surrounded by gooey substances or white moldy growth as a result of primary microbial activities. 

Moreover, secondary infection from soil or water microbes may also enhance rotting. Problematic seedlings may also show brownish discoloration below or above the soil line and this is referred as “seedling blight”. When the disease is severe seedlings are stunted, turn yellow, and eventually could die. Seedlings may also have darker rot at the base of the plant. For all these symptoms How to Cook Rice multiple factors may be responsible.

In addition to seedborne and soilborne microbes, temperature and wet conditions can make soil condition worse. Cool temperatures at  Rice production Thibodaux or shortly after planting aggravate seedling problems. It is important to note that some fungi can also be favored by warmer temperatures under wet conditions. Therefore, we need to be diligent with our management at all times.

Water-seeded rice fields may have reduced plant stands with less seedling vigor due to seedling disease complex. Seedling diseases, particularly water molds, are worse in water-seeded rice than drill-seeded rice. Emerging seedlings which encounter freezing nights in early spring often show white bands (rings) (Arkansas Rice Update 4-12-14). The white bands generally are formed at the leaf portions near the soil line. The whitened portion of the leaf remains white in the growing young leaf blade without affecting the seedling stand.  Did you know where is rice grown in the us? Find out from this article.

Moreover, all cultivars do not emerge equally well in different soil types. Our preliminary greenhouse experiment in 2013 showed how is rice produced quite a difference in emergence among eleven cultivars tested on heavy clay soil. Seeds from each cultivar in this test were healthy but none were chemical treated. To read more on this go to Plan ahead to minimize Rice diseases and control Wikipedia . Therefore, knowing your field history in relation to cultivar emergence is useful to match the right cultivar with the right soil type. The faster the seeds germinate and emerge, the higher the chance to escape the early-season disease complex.

Furthermore, young and tender seedling tissues could suffer considerably from herbicide and insect damage. The white band (ring) formed due to freezing is sometimes confused with symptoms caused by herbicide damage such as Command. In past years, the damage we observed due to herbicide (drift or direct) effect in ricepossiblywas much higher than damage due to seedling diseases (Cold, wet weather optimal for herbicide injury; Herbicide drift from GE crops). Wet and cool conditions in 2013 were tougher on seedlings than the previous hot and dry year.

Zinc deficiency could also show early on seedlings with a distinct leaf bronzing symptom. Zinc deficiency affects plant growth. Although the symptoms may develop early in the season, https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-90-481-2465-7_2  the problem will continue throughout the growth cycle of the crop – ultimately affecting the grain yield unless corrected.

Management tips to reduce rice seedling disease complex

To ensure field germination, avoid using seeds stored inadequately for lengthy period. Seeds stored under high moisture and temperature can lose their viability. Germination testing before planting could help. To tackle the seedling disease complex, Rice production Thibodaux ,higher rates of seed treatment containing mefenoxam, fludioxonil, metalaxyl, trifloxystrobin, either individually or in combinations of two fungicides need to be used for early planting or severe disease situations.  To minimize seed rotting and encourage emergence, plant high-quality seed treated with appropriate fungicides and insecticides. To maximize seed treatment value, how is rice harvested in the us make sure seeds are treated uniformly. To increase emergence and seedling vigor, particularly with cultivars with weak seedling vigor, Gibberellic acid seed treatment may be considered. To speed up emergence, avoid using poor quality seed. To have uniform emergence, correct low areas that puddle in your field. To maximize crop tolerance to diseases, correct nutrient deficiencies timely. To maintain active crop growth, temperatures need to be adequate for rice (leave this part for nature). This year, as rain continues to delay planting, cool temperatures also can reduces seedlings vigor which means germination will be retarded and crop growth will be slowed. If you are looking for more information about Tips for Managing Rice Seedling Diseases Click Here 

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