#modularized LNG plant

[wisonenergies]

What is Floating Storage & Regasification Unit?

A large container, used in the LNG industry to store, transport, and regasify liquefied natural gas is called a Floating Storage & Regasification Unit. Basically, it is a specially customized ship that is loaded with onboard facilities to store and regasification of LNG. It comprises with LNG storing tank, regasification equipment, and a pipeline connection for delivering gas for direct use.

[priyanshisingh]

LNG Storage Tank Market Analysis: Global Industry Trends and Forecast (2023-2032)

The LNG storage tank market is projected to grow from USD 16,929.79 million in 2024 to USD 28,828.58 million by 2032, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.88%.

LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) storage tanks are specialized containers designed to store natural gas in its liquefied state at extremely low temperatures. These tanks play a critical role in the LNG supply chain, ensuring safe and efficient storage of LNG for transportation and subsequent use. Typically constructed from materials that can withstand the cryogenic temperatures required to keep natural gas in a liquid form, these tanks are essential for both onshore and offshore LNG facilities. They are used in various applications, including LNG export and import terminals, peak shaving plants, and as part of LNG-powered transportation infrastructure. The design and construction of LNG storage tanks focus on minimizing boil-off gas (BOG) and maintaining structural integrity under harsh conditions. As the demand for cleaner energy sources grows, the development and deployment of advanced LNG storage tanks are vital for the continued expansion of the LNG industry.

The LNG storage tank market is experiencing a wave of innovation, driven by the need for more efficient, safer, and cost-effective storage solutions. Here are some of the key innovative trends shaping the market:

Advanced Materials and Insulation Techniques: New materials and insulation technologies are being developed to improve the thermal efficiency and safety of LNG storage tanks. These advancements help in reducing boil-off gas (BOG) losses and maintaining the integrity of the tanks under extreme cryogenic conditions. For example, the use of high-performance nickel-steel alloys and advanced composite materials enhances the durability and performance of storage tanks.

Modular and Prefabricated Tank Designs: Modular and prefabricated LNG storage tanks are becoming increasingly popular due to their cost-effectiveness and reduced construction time. These designs allow for easier transportation and assembly at the project site, leading to quicker deployment and scalability of LNG infrastructure.

Smart Tank Monitoring Systems: The integration of IoT (Internet of Things) and smart sensors into LNG storage tanks is revolutionizing the way these tanks are monitored and managed. Real-time data on temperature, pressure, and structural integrity can be continuously collected and analyzed, allowing for predictive maintenance and improved operational efficiency. This trend enhances safety and reduces the risk of tank failures.

Floating LNG Storage Units (FLNG): Floating LNG storage units, including Floating Storage Regasification Units (FSRUs), are gaining traction as flexible and mobile solutions for LNG storage. These units can be deployed offshore or in remote locations, providing an alternative to traditional onshore storage tanks. FLNG technology offers significant advantages in terms of cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and faster project execution.

Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) Integration: As part of the industry's efforts to reduce carbon emissions, there is a growing trend towards integrating carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technologies with LNG storage facilities. This approach involves capturing CO2 emissions during the liquefaction and storage processes and utilizing or storing the captured carbon, thereby minimizing the environmental footprint of LNG operations.

Innovative Tank Shapes and Configurations: Research and development efforts are also focused on exploring new tank shapes and configurations that optimize storage capacity and structural integrity. Spherical and cylindrical tanks are being designed with improved geometries to enhance space utilization and withstand higher pressures.

Automation and Robotics in Construction and Maintenance: The use of automation and robotics in the construction and maintenance of LNG storage tanks is another emerging trend. Automated welding and inspection robots can increase the precision and efficiency of tank construction, while reducing labor costs and enhancing safety during maintenance activities.

Key player:

Linde Plc (Ireland)

McDermott International Inc. (US)

Wartsila (Finland)

Inox (India)

Carbon Energy Group (US)

TransTech Energy Ltd. (US)

IHI Corporation (Japan)

Air Water Inc. (Japan)

Cimc Enric (China)

Chart Industries (US)

Isisan A.S. (Turkey)

Cryolor (France)

More About Report- https://www.credenceresearch.com/report/lng-storage-tank-market

The LNG storage tank market presents numerous opportunities for growth and development, driven by increasing demand for LNG as a cleaner energy source and advancements in technology. Here are some key opportunities in the market:

Expansion in Emerging Markets: Emerging economies, particularly in Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and Africa, are witnessing rapid industrialization and urbanization, leading to a surge in energy demand. These regions offer significant opportunities for LNG storage tank manufacturers to expand their footprint and cater to the growing need for LNG infrastructure.

Infrastructure Development for LNG Export and Import: The global LNG trade is expanding, with many countries investing in LNG export and import terminals. This trend creates opportunities for the construction and installation of new LNG storage tanks to support these terminals, facilitating the efficient storage and transfer of LNG.

Transition to Cleaner Energy: The global shift towards cleaner energy sources is driving increased adoption of LNG as an alternative to coal and oil. This transition is creating a robust demand for LNG storage solutions across various sectors, including power generation, transportation, and industrial applications.

Technological Innovations: Continuous advancements in materials, design, and construction techniques are opening new avenues for the LNG storage tank market. Companies that invest in R&D to develop innovative and efficient storage solutions can capitalize on the growing demand for high-performance LNG tanks.

Floating LNG Storage Solutions: The development and deployment of floating LNG storage units (FLNG and FSRUs) present a significant opportunity. These units offer flexibility and mobility, allowing LNG storage in offshore and remote locations. The rising interest in offshore LNG projects is expected to drive the demand for these floating storage solutions.

Government Initiatives and Investments: Governments worldwide are implementing policies and providing incentives to promote LNG as a cleaner energy source. Increased government support for LNG infrastructure development, including storage facilities, offers lucrative opportunities for market players to secure funding and expand their operations.

Decarbonization and Sustainability Efforts: The growing focus on sustainability and reducing carbon emissions is pushing the LNG industry to adopt greener practices. There is an opportunity for companies to develop and offer LNG storage solutions that integrate carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technologies, contributing to the industry's sustainability goals.

Retrofit and Upgrade Projects: Aging LNG infrastructure in several regions presents an opportunity for retrofit and upgrade projects. Companies specializing in modernizing and enhancing the efficiency of existing LNG storage tanks can tap into this market segment to offer their services.

Strategic Partnerships and Collaborations: Collaborations between key industry players, including LNG producers, storage tank manufacturers, and technology providers, can lead to the development of innovative solutions and expanded market reach. Strategic partnerships can also facilitate knowledge sharing and the pooling of resources for large-scale projects.

Demand for Small-Scale LNG Solutions: The increasing use of LNG in remote and off-grid locations, as well as for maritime and heavy-duty road transport, is driving demand for small-scale LNG storage solutions. Companies that can offer modular and scalable storage tanks for these applications stand to benefit from this growing market segment.

Segmentation:

Based on type:

Self-Supportive

Non-Self-Supportive

Based on material type:

Steel

9% nickel steel

Aluminum Alloy

Others (7% nickel steel, concrete)

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[businessindustry]

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Liquefaction Equipment Market Analysis & Forecasts 2024-2032

The Reports and Insights, a leading market research company, has recently releases report titled “Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Liquefaction Equipment Market: Global Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity and Forecast 2024-2032.” The study provides a detailed analysis of the industry, including the global Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Liquefaction Equipment Market share, size, trends, and growth forecasts. The report also includes competitor and regional analysis and highlights the latest advancements in the market.

Report Highlights:

How big is the Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Liquefaction Equipment Market?

The Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) liquefaction equipment market size reached US$ 811.2 Million in 2023. Looking forward, Reports and Insights expects the market to reach US$ 1,226.5 Million by 2032, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 4.7% during 2024-2032.

What are Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Liquefaction Equipment?                                                                                                                                                                            

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) liquefaction equipment is utilized to convert natural gas into its liquid state for more convenient transportation and storage. This process involves lowering the temperature of the gas to -162 degrees Celsius, causing it to condense into a clear, colorless, and non-toxic liquid. The primary components of LNG liquefaction equipment include compressors, heat exchangers, and cryogenic storage tanks. Compressors elevate the gas pressure before it enters the heat exchangers, where it is cooled using refrigerants. Once cooled, the gas is stored in cryogenic tanks until it is ready for shipment. This equipment is engineered to function efficiently under extremely low temperatures and high pressures, ensuring the safe and dependable production of LNG.

Request for a sample copy with detail analysis: https://www.reportsandinsights.com/sample-request/1765

What are the growth prospects and trends in the Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Liquefaction Equipment industry?

The liquefied natural gas (LNG) liquefaction equipment market growth is driven by various factors. The market for Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) liquefaction equipment is experiencing notable expansion due to the increasing global demand for natural gas as a cleaner energy alternative. This growth is marked by the continual development of more advanced and efficient liquefaction technologies to meet the rising need for LNG. Key drivers include the ongoing expansion of LNG infrastructure, particularly in emerging markets, and the growing adoption of LNG as a fuel in various industries including transportation. Moreover, innovations in liquefaction equipment design, such as modular and space-saving units, are improving operational efficiency and reducing upfront costs. However, challenges such as high initial investments and stringent regulatory standards may pose obstacles to market growth. Hence, all these factors contribute to liquefied natural gas (LNG) liquefaction equipment market growth.

What is included in market segmentation?

The report has segmented the market into the following categories:

By Equipment Type:

Liquefaction Units

Heat Exchangers

Compressors

Storage Tanks

Pumps

Others

By Capacity:

Small-Scale (<0.5 MTPA)

Mid-Scale (0.5-2 MTPA)

Large-Scale (>2 MTPA)

By Process Cycle:

Cascade Process

Mixed Refrigerant Process

Shell-And-Tube Process

Others

By Technology:

Conventional LNG Liquefaction

Floating LNG Liquefaction

Modular LNG Liquefaction

By End-Use Industry:

Power Generation

Transportation

Industrial

Residential & Commercial

By Application:

Export/Import Terminals

Bunkering Facilities

Peak Shaving Plants

Distributed LNG Production Units

Segmentation By Region:

North America:

United States

Canada

Europe:

Germany

The U.K.

France

Spain

Italy

Russia

Poland

BENELUX

NORDIC

Rest of Europe

Asia Pacific:

China

Japan

India

South Korea

ASEAN

Australia & New Zealand

Rest of Asia Pacific

Latin America:

Brazil

Mexico

Argentina

Middle East & Africa:

Saudi Arabia

South Africa

United Arab Emirates

Israel

Who are the key players operating in the industry?

The report covers the major market players including:

Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.

Linde plc

TechnipFMC plc

Siemens Energy AG

Chart Industries, Inc.

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

General Electric Company

Bechtel Corporation

McDermott International, Inc.

Baker Hughes Company

Chiyoda Corporation

Saipem S.p.A.

JGC Corporation

Samsung Engineering Co., Ltd.

KBR, Inc.

View Full Report: https://www.reportsandinsights.com/report/Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Liquefaction Equipment-market

If you require any specific information that is not covered currently within the scope of the report, we will provide the same as a part of the customization.

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[chemicalresearchupdates]

Regional Outlook of the Cryogenic Tanks Market: Trends and Forecast

The cryogenic tanks market has been growing significantly over the past decade owing to the increasing demand and consumption of liquefied natural gas globally. Cryogenic tanks are specifically designed storage vessels used for storing liquefied gases at temperatures lower than -150 degree Celsius. The main liquefied gases stored using cryogenic tanks include liquefied natural gas (LNG), oxygen, nitrogen, argon, and liquefied hydrogen. Cryogenic tanks provide an efficient, safe and economical solution for storage and transport of liquefied gases over long distances via ships, railcars or trucks. The burgeoning LNG industry has been the primary growth driver for cryogenic tanks considering its increasing usage in power generation, industrial processes and transportation fuel. The Global Cryogenic Tanks Market is estimated to be valued at US$ 6.51 Bn in 2024 and is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 5.0% over the forecast period 2023 to 2030. Key Takeaways

Key players operating in the cryogenic tanks are ArcelorMittal, China Baowu Group, Nippon Steel Corporation, POSCO, Shagang Group, Ansteel Group, Glencore, Sumitomo Metal Mining Company, Linde, INOX India Pvt., Cryofab, FIBA Technologies, Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., M1 Engineering, Chart Industries, Wessington Cryogenics, Isisan, Lapesa, Auguste Cryogenics, and Hoover Ferguson Group, Inc.. Key players are focusing on capacity expansions and investments in research and development to develop improved and more durable cryogenic tank materials. The growing demand for LNG as a cleaner alternative fuel for power generation and transportation has been driving increased consumption of cryogenic tanks globally. Countries like China and India have emerged as high growth markets for LNG and cryogenic storage infrastructure. Technological advancements in cryogenic tank materials including 9% nickel steels and composite materials have enhanced durability and reduced maintenance costs of cryogenic storage and transportation systems. Development of vacuum insulated and modular cryogenic tank designs have also optimized storage capacity. Market Trends

Thinner tank walls: Tank manufacturing companies are developing tank designs with thinner and lighter tank walls through advanced material engineering while maintaining required strength and integrity at cryogenic temperatures.

Modular construction: Modular construction techniques allow cryogenic tanks to be assembled on-site with pre-fabricated sections reducing construction timelines significantly. This helps meet the rapidly growing demand. Market Opportunities

Reusable cryogenic tanks: There is scope for reusable cryogenic tank designs that can be returned, refilled and redeployed to improve cost efficiencies over the life cycle. On-site storage: With growing decentralized energy needs, there exists opportunities for scaled-down on-site stationary cryogenic storage for industrial applications. Impact of COVID-19 on Cryogenic Tanks Market

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the growth of the cryogenic tanks market initially. During the lockdown period of 2020-2021, production facilities and manufacturing plants were temporarily shut down due to strict social distancing norms. This led to disruptions in the supply chain and a drop in demand across end-use industries such as oil & gas, metallurgy, power generation and others which use cryogenic tanks. However, with vaccination drives and easing of lockdowns from mid-2021, production and supply chain activities have resumed while following necessary safety protocols. The demand from power generation and healthcare sectors increased significantly driven by the need for medical oxygen which boosting the cryogenic tanks market again. Going forward, the pandemic has highlighted the need for reliable and flexible gas supply infrastructure which is expected to drive investments towards building new liquefaction plants and expanding gas transportation facilities using cryogenic tanks. Geographical Regions with High Concentration in Cryogenic Tanks Market

Asia Pacific region dominates the global cryogenic tanks market in terms of value owing to high demand from China, India and other developing countries. This is attributed to rapid industrialization, growing demand for LNG and medical oxygen along with government initiatives towards gas-based economy and clean energy. North America is the second largest market for cryogenic tanks driven by increasing production of shale gas and its transportation/storage requirements in the region. Europe also holds significant share in the market supported by ongoing energy transition initiatives towards replacing coal/oil with cleaner natural gas and hydrogen. Fastest Growing Region for Cryogenic Tanks Market

Asia Pacific region is projected to be the fastest growing market for cryogenic tanks during the forecast period of 2023-2030. This is because majority of planned investments and capacity addition of gas liquefaction, regasification and gas-based power plants are concentrated in emerging economies of China, India and ASEAN countries. Additionally, rising LNG trade activities between Asia and other regions increases the requirements for tanker transportation of gas using cryogenic technology. Government policies supporting gas utilization over other fuels as well as expanding industrialization will further augment the demand for cryogenic tanks from various end-use industries in Asia Pacific.

[laliteralwayslive]

Fluor wins contract for Gulf Coast liquefied natural gas project

It’s the second offshore modular mid-scale LNG plant contract that Fluor has received from New Fortress Energy in 2022.

from Construction Dive - Latest News https://ift.tt/L6Q0zvP

[warrenkylefoote]

Fluor wins contract for Gulf Coast liquefied natural gas project

It’s the second offshore modular mid-scale LNG plant contract that Fluor has received from New Fortress Energy in 2022.

from Construction Dive - Latest News https://ift.tt/waBImlj via IFTTT

[chitrakullkarni]

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Market Raw Material Outlook & Restraint Analysis Report, 2025

The global Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Market is projected to reach US$ 20.6 billion by 2025 with a CAGR of 12.7% during the completion of the prediction period. Liquefied Natural Gas implies a collection of gases, largely of methane and additional gases for example Nitrogen, Propane, Butane, and Ethane. It has been chilled to a state of liquid. It is stored at a temperature of approx. -260° Fahrenheit, to store and transport. The size of natural gas, in the form of its liquid condition, is around 600 times lesser than the size of its gasiform state. This procedure makes it possible to carry natural gas to locations where the pipelines are not reachable.

Wherever the transportation of the natural gas, by way of the pipeline, is not possible it is carried in its liquefying state, for a lengthier distance to those marketplaces, which are excessively far away from the areas of production and cannot be directly connected to the pipelines. The natural gas can be transported in specific tankers to depots all over the world, in its compacted liquid form. At these stations, the liquefied natural gas is reverted to its gassy state and conveyed by way of a pipeline to plants of power generation, supply companies, and industrialized customers.

Aimed at huge capacity marine transportation, liquefied natural gas is laden on ships having a dual body. These are utilized for insulation and safety purposes together. When the ship reaches the delivery harbor, liquefied natural gas is relieved into finely protected storing tanks, and then again gasified for entering into the grid of pipeline circulation.

It can likewise be transported in lesser capacities, frequently over smaller marine distances. There is increasing use of lesser-scale deliveries of liquefied natural gas. These are, most frequently, completed utilizing similar vessels on trucks and in transnational trade, particularly prepared with cryogenic containers.

This natural gas is utilized in several businesses comprising rotary kilns, manufacturing, fluid bed dryers, construction, sector of power generation, mining, food processing, furnaces, and dairy products. Apart from businesses, owing to the low percentage of the release of carbon, it is likewise utilized as an alternate fuel in several transportation methods for example vehicles run on natural gas, ships, trucks, and rails. It is likewise utilized by domestic consumers for heating and cooking.

Companies:

Some of the important companies for the liquefied natural gas market are Chevron Corporation, Exxon Mobil Corporation, British Petroleum Plc, Royal Dutch Shell Plc., CNOOC, China National Petroleum, Veresen Inc., Qatar Petroleum, Dominion Resources, Cheniere Energy, BG Group plc, Sinopec Group, Woodside Petroleum, Sempra Energy, Kinder Morgan, ConocoPhillips, Apache Corporation, and Qatar gas Operating Company.

Request free sample to get a complete analysis of the market players @ https://www.millioninsights.com/industry-reports/liquefied-natural-gas-lng-market/request-sample

Drivers and Restraints:

The global liquefied natural gas market is estimated to propagate by way of increasing consumption of energy, increasing municipal inhabitants, growing demand for natural gas-powered automobiles, fast-tracking of financial development, and growing inclination for liquefied natural gas in emerging financial prudence.

Important inclinations and developments of this market comprise growing export of this natural gas, additions of capacities, mounting demand for liquefied natural gas bunkering, rolling developments, increasing commercial market, and growing change in the direction of modular equipment.

Classification:

The global liquefied natural gas industry can be classified by End Users and Region. By End Users, it can be classified as Industrial, Power Generation, and others.

Regional Lookout:

By Region, the global LNG market can be classified as North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa. The Asia Pacific has appeared as the most important area for liquefied natural gas owing to the growing capability of liquefaction and exports, along with growing imports by South Korea, China, and India.

Browse Related Category Research Reports @ https://industryanalysisandnews.wordpress.com/

[esglatestmarketnews]

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Market Outlook, Competitive Strategies Analysis and Forecast till 2025

August 25, 2021: The global Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Market is projected to reach US$ 20.6 billion by 2025 with a CAGR of 12.7% during the completion of the prediction period. Liquefied Natural Gas implies a collection of gases, largely of methane and additional gases for example Nitrogen, Propane, Butane, and Ethane. It has been chilled to a state of liquid. It is stored at a temperature of approx. -260° Fahrenheit, for the purpose of storing and transport. The size of natural gas, in the form of its liquid condition, is around 600 times lesser than the size of its gasiform state. This procedure makes it possible to carrying natural gas to the locations where the pipelines are not reachable.

Wherever the transportation of the natural gas, by way of pipeline, is not possible it is carried in its liquefying state, for a lengthier distance to those marketplaces, which are excessively far away from the areas of production and cannot be directly connected to the pipelines. The natural gas is able to be transported in specific tankers to the depots all over the world, in its compacted liquid form. At these stations, the liquefied natural gas is reverted to its gassy state and conveyed by way of pipeline to plants of power generation, supply companies, and industrialized customers.

Aimed at huge capacity marine transportation, liquefied natural gas is laden on ships having dual body. These are utilized for insulation and safety purposes together. When the ship reaches at the delivery harbor, liquefied natural gas is relieved of into finely protected storing tanks, and then again gasified for entering into the grid of pipeline circulation.

Request a Free Sample Copy of this Report @ https://www.millioninsights.com/industry-reports/liquefied-natural-gas-lng-market/request-sample

It can, likewise be transported in lesser capacities, frequently over smaller marine distances. There is an increasing use of lesser scale deliveries of liquefied natural gas. These are, most frequently, completed utilizing the similar vessels on trucks and in transnational trade, particularly prepared with cryogenic containers.

This natural gas is utilized in a number of businesses comprising rotary kilns, manufacturing, fluid bed dryers, construction, sector of power generation, mining, food processing, furnaces, and dairy products. Apart from businesses, owing to low percentage of release of carbon, it is likewise utilized as an alternate fuel in a number of transportation methods for example vehicles run on natural gas, ships, trucks, and rails. It is likewise utilized by domestic consumers for the purpose of heating and cooking.

Drivers and Restraints:

The global liquefied natural gas market is estimated to propagate by way of increasing consumption of energy, increasing municipal inhabitants, growing demand for natural gas-powered automobiles, fast-tracking of financial development, and growing inclination for liquefied natural gas in emerging financial prudence.

Important inclinations and developments of this market comprise growing export of this natural gas, additions of capacities, mounting demand for liquefied natural gas bunkering, rolling developments, increasing commercial market and growing change in the direction of modular equipment.

Classification:

The global liquefied natural gas industry can be classified by End Users and Region. By End Users, it can be classified as Industrial, Power Generation, and others.

Regional Lookout:

By Region, the global LNG market can be classified as North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa. Asia Pacific has appeared as the most important area for the liquefied natural gas owing to growing capability of liquefaction and exports, along with growing imports by South Korea, China, and India.

Browse Full Research Report @ https://www.millioninsights.com/industry-reports/liquefied-natural-gas-lng-market

Companies:

Some of the important companies for liquefied natural gas market are Chevron Corporation, Exxon Mobil Corporation, British Petroleum Plc, Royal Dutch Shell Plc., CNOOC, China National Petroleum, Veresen Inc., Qatar Petroleum, Dominion Resources, Cheniere Energy, BG Group plc, Sinopec Group, Woodside Petroleum, Sempra Energy, Kinder Morgan, ConocoPhillips, Apache Corporation, and Qatar gas Operating Company.

Market Segment:

LNG Application Outlook (Volume, Kilo Tons; Revenue, USD Million, 2014 - 2025)

• Power Generation

• Transportation Fuel

• Mining & Industrial Applications

LNG Regional Outlook (Volume, Kilo Tons; Revenue, USD Million, 2014 - 2025)

• North America

• U.S.

• Canada

• Europe

• Germany

• France

• UK

• Asia Pacific

• China

• India

• Japan

• Latin America

• Brazil

• Mexico

• Middle East & Africa

• UAE

• Qatar

Get in touch

At Million Insights, we work with the aim to reach the highest levels of customer satisfaction. Our representatives strive to understand diverse client requirements and cater to the same with the most innovative and functional solutions.

Contact Person:

Ryan Manuel

Research Support Specialist, USA

Email: ryan@millioninsights.com

[hopefulfestivaltastemaker]

April 4, 2021

My weekly roundup of things I am up to. Topics include ammonia in shipping, industrial collapse, and an angiogram.

Ammonia for Shipping

This week I continued a more detailed exploration of the prospect of alternative fuels for vehicles.

About 2% of world energy consumption goes to international shipping, with another ~0.5% for domestic shipping. By ton-miles, most freight is transported by ship. Aside from associated greenhouse gases, shipping fuel tends to be heavy fuel oil, which is particularly bad with regard to air pollution when burned. Seaports, which are typically located around prime real estate in major cities, take a brunt of this pollution. For these reasons, there is great interest in developing low-pollution, low-emission fuels for shipping. The International Maritime Organization, the international agency that regulates shipping, has set a goal of a 70% reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, relative to 2008 levels.

A 2019 report from Maersk analyzed several shipping fuel options and concluded that three of them are the most viable low-carbon candidates: ammonia, alcohol (e.g. methanol and ethanol), and synthetic methane. Liquified natural gas ships are starting to become common thanks to low natural gas prices, though this isn’t synthetic or a low-carbon fuel. I plan to look in more detail at LNG and methanol for shipping later on.

Among other options, hydrogen for shipping is plausible, but the technology is farther from being ready for prime time. Sails (wind power) has been used for shipping; it is a fine idea and brings romantic memories of the Age of Sail, but nowadays sailing can only augment and not replace other fuels. Battery electric ships are starting to come into use for short distance vessels such as ferries, but the energy density is insufficient for transoceanic voyages. Nuclear-powered shipping is well established in military applications and can be done for container ships, but for now it looks like it is too expensive, and there would be a hornet’s nest of safety and regulatory issues. It is a bit worrisome that, while nuclear shipping is a priority for nuclear advocates, particularly of small modular reactors, it doesn’t seem to be even on the radar of most shippers and shipping advocates, who don’t have much of a stake in debates about energy sources.

Anyway, DNV thinks that ammonia is the most promising long term option. By the analysis I’ve done, ammonia shipping will be more expensive, but the use of ammonia produced from steam methane reforming without carbon capture and sequestration (the most common method now) would have a carbon abatement cost of a rather affordable $24/ton. With CCS, the abatement cost rises to $95/ton, and it is $258/ton when hydrogen is produced by electrolysis from low-carbon sources. That’s based on prevailing worldwide renewable energy prices, and the figure is no doubt less in areas such as Australia, which has cheap and abundant solar power.

There are still quite a few issues to work out. For one thing, there are no container ships that use ammonia today, though a model is expected to be ready in 2024. Although ammonia pipelines are widespread, as ammonia has been commonly used for fertilizer and other chemicals for a long time, there are logistical issues with expending pipelines or other ammonia transportation to seaports. Because ammonia is a lower energy density than diesel, more space on the ship would have to be dedicated to fuel, which cuts into cargo space.

On the plus side, ammonia is already a cost-effective solution under a reasonable valuation of carbon emissions and even ignoring other air pollutants, and the economics should only get better. There are several ammonia production methods under development which could lower costs; most exciting is the prospect of bypassing hydrogen production in a process that mimics what plants do with photosynthesis. Low carbon energy should continue to get cheaper in the coming years.

Industrial Collapse

Samo Burja had another well-written but downbeat article on Palladium a couple weeks ago entitled “The End of Industrial Society”. It’s a good read, though I would take the scenario outlined here as a possibility rather than a prediction.

Samo argues, correctly in my view, that the transition to “post-industrial” societies represents a step backwards, rather than forwards, and he notes that some commentators try to spin this transition as success rather than failure. Dietrich Vollrath, in Fully Grown, stands out as a particular offender here. Vollrath channels an argument that seems to be accepted wisdom among wide swathes of the social elite, that low productivity growth (or stagnation) and low fertility are rational decisions to pursue leisure over socially productive ventures. The argument is not too dissimilar to what Tyler Cowen has been saying, except Cowen writes about these trends in a disapproving way.

Samo also notes that industrialization is a society-wide phenomenon, encompassing the full range of values and institutions of a society or even a civilization. An industrial mindset is embedded in the population, which takes the form of “tricks of the trade” knowledge that we chalk up to experience. I don’t think this phenomenon is well-studied, but hints of it do appear in topics such as Wright’s Law. Many of the proposed responses then, such as tariffs, public R&D programs, or other polices under the header of “industrial policy” are likely to turn out to be cargo cult solutions, in that they fail for a lack of understanding of what industrialization is really about and what drives it.

Deindustrialization, or post-industrialization, are trends that are at risk of exaggeration. Data from the Fed shows that manufacturing in the US, for instance, has been relatively flat since around 2005, with some fluctuations associated with recessions. This is probably a more pessimistic trend than would have been expected at the time, but it hardly indicates that industry has disappeared. More noticeable has been the decline in workers in manufacturing, all the more stark when you consider that this chart does not account for growth in the overall workforce size. A few years ago, these trends led to a panic about “robots taking our jobs”, a panic that has largely subsided now in the face of observations of low productivity growth and a pre-pandemic labor market that was one of the strongest in American history. Still, the hope of transitioning to a successful post-industrial society, in the sense that industrial society was post-agrarian, does not seem to be entirely in vain.

Angiogram

On April 1, I was in the hospital for an angiogram, the purpose of which was to check on the surgery I had last summer to make sure that the cerebral hemorrhage and other observable problems were resolved. It was supposed to happen in January, but Kaiser closed to elective procedures as a result of the third COVID wave.

Everything went well. Most importantly, no neurological problems were detected. The worst part about the operation was the anxiety I had beforehand. The surgeons had to put a catheter into my wrist to make the observations. But it wasn’t so bad. I would consider the whole thing to be uncomfortable but not painful. I’m due for an MRI next year, but there should be no more angiograms.

I chose the date of April 1 because it was the earliest date available when I scheduled it. But yes, I know that isn’t the most auspicious of days to go into the hospital. Actually, though, I’m a little disappointed that there weren’t any (harmless) practical jokes. But joking aside, modern medicine is nothing short of miraculous.

[wisonenergies]

What is Floating Liquefied Natural Gas?:-

Floating Liquefied Natural Gas plant refers to a vessel used for the production, storage, and transfer of liquified natural gas offshore. These vessels are large in size and have processing facilities to extract, liquefy and store natural gas from offshore gas fields to transport for direct use.

[businessindustry]

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Liquefaction Equipment Market Analysis & Forecasts 2024-2032

The Reports and Insights, a leading market research company, has recently releases report titled “Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Liquefaction Equipment Market: Global Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity and Forecast 2024-2032.” The study provides a detailed analysis of the industry, including the global Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Liquefaction Equipment Market share, size, trends, and growth forecasts. The report also includes competitor and regional analysis and highlights the latest advancements in the market.

Report Highlights:

How big is the Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Liquefaction Equipment Market?

The Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) liquefaction equipment market size reached US$ 811.2 Million in 2023. Looking forward, Reports and Insights expects the market to reach US$ 1,226.5 Million by 2032, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 4.7% during 2024-2032.

What are Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Liquefaction Equipment?                                                                                                                                                                            

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) liquefaction equipment is utilized to convert natural gas into its liquid state for more convenient transportation and storage. This process involves lowering the temperature of the gas to -162 degrees Celsius, causing it to condense into a clear, colorless, and non-toxic liquid. The primary components of LNG liquefaction equipment include compressors, heat exchangers, and cryogenic storage tanks. Compressors elevate the gas pressure before it enters the heat exchangers, where it is cooled using refrigerants. Once cooled, the gas is stored in cryogenic tanks until it is ready for shipment. This equipment is engineered to function efficiently under extremely low temperatures and high pressures, ensuring the safe and dependable production of LNG.

Request for a sample copy with detail analysis: https://www.reportsandinsights.com/sample-request/1765

What are the growth prospects and trends in the Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Liquefaction Equipment industry?

The liquefied natural gas (LNG) liquefaction equipment market growth is driven by various factors. The market for Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) liquefaction equipment is experiencing notable expansion due to the increasing global demand for natural gas as a cleaner energy alternative. This growth is marked by the continual development of more advanced and efficient liquefaction technologies to meet the rising need for LNG. Key drivers include the ongoing expansion of LNG infrastructure, particularly in emerging markets, and the growing adoption of LNG as a fuel in various industries including transportation. Moreover, innovations in liquefaction equipment design, such as modular and space-saving units, are improving operational efficiency and reducing upfront costs. However, challenges such as high initial investments and stringent regulatory standards may pose obstacles to market growth. Hence, all these factors contribute to liquefied natural gas (LNG) liquefaction equipment market growth.

What is included in market segmentation?

The report has segmented the market into the following categories:

By Equipment Type:

Liquefaction Units

Heat Exchangers

Compressors

Storage Tanks

Pumps

Others

By Capacity:

Small-Scale (<0.5 MTPA)

Mid-Scale (0.5-2 MTPA)

Large-Scale (>2 MTPA)

By Process Cycle:

Cascade Process

Mixed Refrigerant Process

Shell-And-Tube Process

Others

By Technology:

Conventional LNG Liquefaction

Floating LNG Liquefaction

Modular LNG Liquefaction

By End-Use Industry:

Power Generation

Transportation

Industrial

Residential & Commercial

By Application:

Export/Import Terminals

Bunkering Facilities

Peak Shaving Plants

Distributed LNG Production Units

Segmentation By Region:

North America:

United States

Canada

Europe:

Germany

The U.K.

France

Spain

Italy

Russia

Poland

BENELUX

NORDIC

Rest of Europe

Asia Pacific:

China

Japan

India

South Korea

ASEAN

Australia & New Zealand

Rest of Asia Pacific

Latin America:

Brazil

Mexico

Argentina

Middle East & Africa:

Saudi Arabia

South Africa

United Arab Emirates

Israel

Who are the key players operating in the industry?

The report covers the major market players including:

Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.

Linde plc

TechnipFMC plc

Siemens Energy AG

Chart Industries, Inc.

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

General Electric Company

Bechtel Corporation

McDermott International, Inc.

Baker Hughes Company

Chiyoda Corporation

Saipem S.p.A.

JGC Corporation

Samsung Engineering Co., Ltd.

KBR, Inc.

View Full Report: https://www.reportsandinsights.com/report/Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Liquefaction Equipment-market

If you require any specific information that is not covered currently within the scope of the report, we will provide the same as a part of the customization.

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[sageglobalresponse]

The Nigerian Presidency On the 21st August Outline Buhari’s Achievements in One Year

The Presidency and Federal Government of Nigeria, highlighting policies, programmes and projects of the Buhari Administration, this cut across the Economy, governance, youth development, and so much more.

This was to mark it one year since President Buhari inaugurated his second-term cabinet.

Here’s a list of highlights:

President Buhari established new Ministries, including Police Affairs and Humanitarian Affairs, Disaster Management and Social Development, exactly a year ago, August 21, 2020.

The Budget Implementation Cycle was successfully restored to a January-to-December Calendar, with the signing of the 2020 Appropriation Bill in December 2019.

President Buhari signed into law a Finance Bill, to reform domestic tax laws, introduce tax incentives for investments in infrastructure and capital markets, and improve the business environment. It was the first time since the return of democracy in 1999 that a Federal Budget was accompanied by a passage of an enabling Finance Bill.

President Buhari approved a 10 billion Naira Intervention Fund for the upgrade of the Akanu Ibiam International Airport, Enugu. That project is now very close to completion.

President Buhari ordered a forensic audit of the Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC)

Nigeria rose 15 places on the World Bank Doing Business Index, to 131st position, from 146th, earning a place as one of ten top performing countries in the word

President Buhari assented to the Deep Offshore (and Inland Basin Production Sharing Contract) Act, a landmark legislative reform which will generate hundreds of millions of dollars in extra government revenues annually

President Buhari performed the ground-breaking for the University of Transportation in Daura, an investment by CCECC in Nigeria. On a similar note, Vice President Yemi Osinbajo performed the ground-breaking for a new Wagon Assembly Plant in Kajola, Ogun State, which will produce rolling stock for Nigeria’s new Rail Lines, and create jobs for thousands of Nigerians.

President Buhari approved the Financial Transparency Policy, mandating publication of Public Financial Information through an Open Treasury Portal.

Nigerian has a new Visa Policy, that will improve the business environment, attract innovation and FDI, boost tourism and improve African integration.

Nigeria commenced issuance of Visas on Arrival to all persons holding passports of African countries

President Buhari approved the commencement of the Community Policing initiative, and has approved a 13.3 billion Naira take-off grant.

Nigeria commenced Operation ‘Ex-Swift Response’, a multi-agency security operation to secure the nation’s land borders.

President Buhari flagged-off construction of the Ajaokuta–Kaduna-Kano (AKK) gas pipeline.

President Buhari launched the the Presidential Artisanal Gold Mining Scheme. (Factsheet below)

President Buhari established the Economic Sustainability Committee (ESC), under the leadership of Vice President Yemi Osinbajo. The ESC has since developed the Nigeria Economic Sustainability Plan (NESP), a 2.3 Trillion Naira stimulus package to help cushion the effects of the Coronavirus pandemic. (Update below)

The Federal Executive Council approved the kick-off of pre-engineering phase (and payment of part counterpart funding) of the Presidential Power Initiative, a government-to-government deal involving the Nigeria, Germany and Siemens AG.

Final Investment Decision was reached on the US$10 billion Train 7 expansion of Nigeria Liquefied Natural Gas (NLNG) Limited (in which the NNPC holds a 49 percent stake). This was followed by the signing of the engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contract for the project. The Train 7 will expand NLNG’s capacity by 35 percent, and further position Nigeria as one of the leading producers and exporters of LNG in the world.

Commencement of payment of increased Allowance (33,000 Naira monthly) to NYSC members.

President Buhari established the National Humanitarian Coordination Committee (NHCC), and the Presidential Task Force on Covid-19 (PTFCOVID19).

President Buhari approved the release of a 10 billion Naira Grant to the Lagos State Government and a 5 billion Naira Grant to the Nigeria Center for Disease Control (NCDC), to support the Coronavirus Response.

President Buhari signed an Amendment to Executive Order 8, the Voluntary Offshore Assets Regularization Scheme (VOARS).

The Department of Petroleum Resources has commenced the bidding round for 57 Marginal Fields, the first such process in almost 20 years. Details here

A National Special Public Works (SPW) programme kicked off in the first quarter of 2020, with a successful pilot programme in eight States. It is now being expanded nationwide, and will provide employment and stipends for 774,000 young Nigerians – 1,000 beneficiaries per Local Government) for three months, starting October 2020. Details here

The Itakpe-Warri Railway Line is now ready for operations. Construction commenced more than three decades ago, and then the project was abandoned for many years, until President Buhari took office. It has now been completed and is ready to commence commercial operations, as Nigeria’s “Central Line.”

Track-laying for the main section of the new Lagos-Ibadan Standard Gauge Railway Line was completed in March 2020, almost exactly three years after Vice President Yemi Osinbajo performed the ground-breaking ceremony for the project, on behalf of President Buhari.

The Nigeria Police Trust Fund, established by the President in 2019, has now been operationalised, with the appointment and inauguration of a Board of Trustees, and an Executive Secretary.

Nigeria defeated Polio – attaining, in Q3 2020, the status of being officially free from the Wild Polio Virus, for the first time in the country’s history.

No fewer than three private Modular Refinery projects have been completed in 2020, a clear manifestation of the success of the New Vision for the Niger Delta, President Buhari’s Peace, Security and Development Agenda for the oil-producing region of Nigeria. The Modular Refining element of the New Vision involves extending policy and financing support to private investors seeking to establish Modular Refineries

The first of the dozen A-29 Super Tucano light attack, combat and reconnaissance aircraft ordered by Nigeria in a government-to-government deal with the United States successfully completed its inaugural flight at the production facility. The full fleet is scheduled for delivery in 2021.

President Buhari approved the establishment of a 75 billion Naira Nigerian Youth Investment Fund (NYIF), to provide 5%-interest business loans to Nigerians aged between 18 and 35. Details here

The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) launched a 50 billion Naira Household and SME support facility, to cushion the effect of the Coronavirus pandemic. As at July 2020, N49.195 billion has been disbursed, to over 92,000 beneficiaries.

Applications opened (and have now closed) for a new Batch of beneficiaries for the N-Power Jobs Scheme, a component of the National Social Investment Programme, overseen by the Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs, Disaster Management and Social Development. More than 5 million young Nigerians applied for the 400,000 places to be filled.

The Federal Government approved a new Policy for the promotion of local production of Bitumen and other construction materials In Nigeria.

President Buhari gives presidential assent to a landmark Bill amending the Companies and Allied Matters Act (CAMA). Here’s what it means.

[hudsonespie]

Tellurian Moves Forward with Gulf Coast LNG Terminal

Houston-based LNG firm Tellurian Investments has reached a series of agreements with Bechtel for engineering, procurement and construction of the new Driftwood LNG plant at Lake Charles, Louisiana. The $15 billion project is designed around a modular layout: unlike traditional liquefaction

from Storage Containers https://maritime-executive.com/article/tellurian-moves-forward-with-gulf-coast-lng-terminal via http://www.rssmix.com/

[pedroooliveira]

DIRETOR DA SCHNEIDER DEFENDE QUE O PROCESSO DE DIGITALIZAÇÃO SERÁ IRREVERSÍVEL NOS PRÓXIMOS ANOS

A expectativa de um ano melhor parece ser irreversível quando se fala na indústria de petróleo e gás no Brasil. O otimismo e a retomada é o que estão se desenhando para 2020. Irreversível também será a digitalização deste mercado, pelo menos na opinião do diretor de óleo e gás para América Latina da Schneider Electric, o brasileiro Luis Felipe Kessler. Para ele, a questão é quem vai se beneficiar primeiro. Segundo o executivo, a digitalização  trará  inúmeros  benefícios de melhorias de processo, visibilidade para decisões operacionais mais efetivas e resultados econômicos. Kessler falou ao Petronotícias dentro do projeto Perspectivas 2020. Vamos saber as suas opiniões.

– Como viu o seu setor no ano de 2019 ?

Este ano foi o principal ano de transição na transformação do mercado de Petróleo e Gás brasileiro. Vimos a consolidação de novas empresas operando gasodutos NTS e TAG (Engie), o desinvestimento em campos onshore, criando uma diversificação de operadores, e o mercado de FPSOs acelerando com os contratos de Mero 2, Marlim 1 e 2, Buzios V e , em breve, devemos ter os anúncios de Carcará e Parque das Baleias.

 Os leilões seguiram o cronograma da ANP, que é o ponto mais importante, a previsibilidade dos investimentos. As regras de PDI em inovação estão ficando mais flexíveis e viabilizando projetos. A Aveva, empresa que a Schneider detém 60%, assinou um contrato de desenvolvimento de um Digital Twin para a Plataforma P-50, onde estão desenvolvendo os algorítmos de manutenção preditiva para geradores, compressores e bombas de grande porte, com resultados significativos já apurados.

– Qual é a sua expectativa para 2020 ?

Entendo que 2020 ainda que será um ano conservador em investimentos, porém espera-se que a partir do segundo semestre, os projetos comecem a acelerar com os contratos das FPSOs que estão no mercado como Mero 3, Gato do Mato e Itapu. O aumento significativo de investimentos em projetos que chamamos shift to gás, como LNGs e Gas Power Plants. Como líder global em Gerenciamento de Energia, Automação e Digitalização,  temos expectativa que as principais processos eletrointensivos, como as Petroquímicas e Refinarias, invistam em otimização de processo e melhor uso da energia.

A digitalização através de asset advisors, asset management e manutenção preditiva permitem a otimização das operações, redução de downtime e aumento da segurança. O desinvestimento em refinarias e plantas de fertilizantes da Petrobrás, trazem novos operadores para o downstream e também permitem a Petrobrás focar nas Refinarias que vai manter e investir fortemente em melhoria dos processos.

– O que gostaria de sugerir para seu segmento de negócios fosse mais ativo ?

Devem ser analisadas as melhores condições de contratos para as FPSOs e os operadores e/ou Epcistas comecem a trabalhar com parcerias de longo prazo, através do engajamento de empresas especialistas, como a Schneider Electric, no Pre-Feed /Feed do projeto. Que cada empresa se dedique à sua especialidade. Empresa de Petróleo a produzir petróleo, EPCistas/Leaser as construir e operar FPSOs e empresas de energia, automação e digitalização a fornecer a solução integrada e otimizada.

Um desejo também é que as empresas abram definitivamente as suas portas para as soluções digitais. O projeto de uma FPSO, quebrando silos e integrando design, engenharia, procurement e construção em um único digital Twin que naturalmente se integra à operação. A digitalização pode ser feita de forma modular em FPSOs e operação, como a P-50, ou em novos projetos.

A digitalização é um processo irreversível, traz inúmeros benefícios de melhorias  de processo, visibilidade para decisões operacionais mais efetivas e resultados econômicos. A questão é quem vai se beneficiar primeiro.

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DIRETOR DA SCHNEIDER DEFENDE QUE O PROCESSO DE DIGITALIZAÇÃO SERÁ IRREVERSÍVEL NOS PRÓXIMOS ANOS publicado primeiro em http://petronoticias.com.br

[americanfreighttrucking]

U.S. regulator OKs start of Elba Island LNG production for Kinder Morgan

U.S. regulator OKs start of Elba Island LNG production for Kinder Morgan

U.S. regulators approved Kinder Morgan’s request to start production of liquefied natural gas at the first plant of its new export facility, a year after it had been originally due to begin operations, filings showed this week. It is also quite unusual among U.S. facilities, employing modular technology to build much smaller “trains,” or plants, than its peers at 0.3 million tonnes a year (mtpa)…

[wisonenergies]

What is Floating Storage & Regasification Unit?:-

A large container, used in the LNG industry to store, transport, and regasify liquefied natural gas is called a Floating Storage & Regasification Unit. Basically, it is a specially customized ship that is loaded with onboard facilities to store and regasification of LNG. It comprises with LNG storing tank, regasification equipment, and a pipeline connection for delivering gas for direct use.