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[oncology-xpert]

What to Understand About Bone Cancer

Bone tumours are a common type of tumour in children and adolescents. It manifests as pain or swelling, and when ignored in the early stages, it manifests as a fracture. X-rays, MRI, chest CT scan, and biopsy are commonly used in the initial evaluation. These investigations aid in determining the type and stage of the tumour.

The treatment of bone tumours is particularly difficult due to the emphasis on saving both the limb and the life. It is especially important because the patients are so young, and preserving limb function without jeopardising survival becomes critical. Specialist management begins with biopsy, and it is critical that the biopsy be performed by the same surgeon who will perform the definitive surgery.

A multimodal approach is required for limb salvage treatment, which typically begins with chemotherapy. Following tumour reduction, surgery to remove the tumour and reconstruction with an appropriate prosthesis is planned. Expandable prostheses are used for growing children.

Treatment includes enough rehabilitation to get the patient back to his normal routine. Following treatment, patients should be followed up on a regular basis.

What are the Symptoms and Signs of Bone Cancer?

Pain is the most common symptom of bone cancer. The pain may be intermittent at first, then become more frequent. Other signs and symptoms of bone cancer include:

A lump or mass may be felt depending on the location of the tumour.

If the cancer has affected the bones of the spine, you may experience numbness, tingling, or weakness.

What is the treatment for bone cancer?

The type of cancer you have, where it is in your body, how advanced it is, and whether or not it has spread to other parts of your body all influence how it is treated.

Surgery -Surgery involves removing the tumour from your body. In most cases of osteosarcoma, the doctor can remove only the cancer cells, without removing your arm or leg.

Radiation-Radiation can be used to shrink the tumour before surgery or to kill cancer cells that remain after surgery. If surgery is not an option, it could be the primary treatment.

Chemotherapy- Chemotherapy (Chemo) drugs can be used in addition to or instead of surgery. When cancer has spread, chemotherapy is frequently the first line of defence.

What are the Causes of Bone Cancer?

A risk factor is anything that increases your chances of contracting a disease. Smoking, an unhealthy diet, a family history of cancer, and a variety of other factors can all be risk factors for a specific type of cancer. The precise cause of someone's cancer may be unidentified. However, risk factors can increase a person's chances of developing cancer.

What you should know about cancer risk factors:

Family History of Genetic Diseases- A small number of bone cancers, particularly osteosarcomas, appear to be hereditary.

Paget's disease is a Bone Disease- This disease most commonly affects people over the age of 50. It causes the formation of abnormal bone tissue. This results in brittle, thick bones that are weak and prone to breaking (fracture). It is not cancer, but in a very small number of cases, it can lead to bone cancer (usually osteosarcoma).

Being Diagnosed with Certain Types of Bone or Cartilage Tumour- A genetic disease that causes bony tissue bumps or benign bone or cartilage tumours can increase your risk of developing bone cancer.

Undergoing a Bone Marrow Transplant A bone marrow transplant has been related, albeit rarely, to the development of osteosarcoma.

Oncoxpert is the Best Cancer Hospital that can help you if you have bone or soft tissue cancer. Our experts can evaluate your condition, diagnose your tumour, and develop a sarcoma treatment plan that is specific to your needs.

[oncology-xpert]

Everything you need to know about Mouth Cancer

Mouth cancer is cancer that occurs in any of the components of the mouth (oral cavity). Mouth cancer can develop on the:

Lips

Gums

Tongue

The inner cheek line

The mouth's roof

The mouth's floor (under the tongue)

Oral cancer, also known as oral cavity cancer, is cancer that develops on the inside of the mouth. Mouth cancer is one of several kinds of cancer classified as head and neck cancers. Mouth cancer and other head and neck cancers are frequently treated in the same way.

Symptoms-

Among the signs and symptoms of oral cancer are:

A sore on the lip or mouth that does not heal

Inside of your mouth, a white or reddish area

Teeth that are loose

A bump or growth inside your mouth

Mouth ache

Ear ache

Swallowing that is difficult or painful

Causes of Mouth Cancer-

Mouth cancers originate when the DNA of cells on the lips or in the mouth changes (mutates). The DNA of a cell includes the instructions that inform the cell what to do. When healthy cells die, the genetic modifications tell them to keep growing and dividing. A tumour can grow as abnormal mouth cancer cells accumulate. They may spread inside the mouth and to other areas of the head and neck, as well as other parts of the body, over time.

Squamous cells (the flat, thin cells that line your lips and the inside of your mouth) are where most mouth cancers develop. The majority of oral malignancies are squamous cell carcinomas. It is unidentified what causes squamous cell mutations that lead to mouth cancer. However, experts have found some risk factors for oral cancer.

Risk Factors-

The following factors can raise your risk of developing mouth cancer:

Tobacco use in any form, including cigarettes, cigars, pipes, chewing tobacco, and snuff.

Heavy alcohol consumption

Excessive exposure to the sun on your lips

Human papillomavirus is a sexually transmitted virus (HPV)

Immune system weakness

Prevention-

There is no established method of preventing oral cancer. However, you can lower your risk of developing mouth cancer if you:

Stop smoking or don't start. Stop using cigarettes if you do. Don't start smoking if you don't already. Tobacco use, whether smoked or chewed, exposes the cells in your mouth to carcinogenic substances.

If you drink alcohol, do it in moderation. Chronic excessive alcohol consumption might irritate your mouth's cells, putting them vulnerable to mouth cancer. If you must consume alcohol, do it in moderation. For healthy individuals, that means no more than one drink per day for women of all ages and men over the age of 65, and no more than two drinks per day for men 65 and younger.

Avoid getting too much sun on your lips. Stay in the shade as much as possible to protect the skin on your lips from the sun. Wear a hat with a wide brim that covers your entire face, including your mouth. As part of your regular sun protection practice, use a sunscreen lip product.

If you have any persistent signs and symptoms that annoy you and linger more than two weeks, make an appointment with an Oncologist. Your doctor would most likely look into other, more typical reasons of your symptoms first, such as an infection.