#oscola referencing style example

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DAY 03: ACADEMIC WRITING

We learnt and understood the terms and consequences of plagiarism when referencing anything.

Plagiarism: the act of representing the words, ideas, or expressions of another author as one's own original work (wikipedia). This can happen accidentally or on purpose, and it is illegal to do so if the original source is not properly cited. In addition, it is a crime that carries consequences for violating moral rights, copyright, or other laws.

some examples of this would be using someone else's writing as your own, purchasing information from a website or assembling phrases, concepts, and sentences from multiple sources to compose an essay

with how technology has advanced, The use of AI chats would be one of the most common methods for children to get their hands on for copying.

However there are methods to avoid plagiarism (accidently or not)

-paraphrasing -summarizing -direct quotes with citations -referencing

With how universities work, there are many referencing styles and citation styles such as. (taken from the slides in class). -Harvard Referencing -APA Referencing -MLA Referencing -Vancouver Referencing -Chicago Referencing -IEEE Referencing -MHRA Referencing -OSCOLA Referencing

With how our module goes, we will mainly use harvard referencing.

One important fact to denote is that common knowledge references is not necessarily a must to be citated as it is widely known such as facts, dates, events and other general knowledge.

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Plagiarism and referencing

2024.03.22

what is plagiarism ?

the Oxford dictionary defines plagiarism as “Presenting work or ideas from another source as your own, with or without consent of the original author, by incorporating it into your work without full acknowledgement."

how to avoid plagiarism?

There are many reasons to avoid plagiarism. You have come to university to learn to know and speak your own mind, not merely to reproduce the opinions of others - at least not without attribution. At first it may seem very difficult to develop your own views, and you will probably find yourself paraphrasing the writings of others as you attempt to understand and assimilate their arguments. However it is important that you learn to develop your own voice. You are not necessarily expected to become an original thinker, but you are expected to be an independent one - by learning to assess critically the work of others, weigh up differing arguments and draw your own conclusions. Students who plagiarise undermine the ethos of academic scholarship while avoiding an essential part of the learning process.

major techniques we use in life to avoid plagiarism

using references, summarising , direct quotes with citations , paraphrasing

paraphrasing means reading an article and rewriting the article in your own words

summarising means taking out unnecessary words and taking in the main point of the story

direct quotes with citations means taking something exactly from somewhere and adding quotations to show its adapted from someone else's work

more examples on how plagiarism works and how to avoid them

direct quotes with citations

quotation must use the exact words of the source or ellipses (...) if we omit any.

  If the quotation is relatively short (e.g., fewer than 3 lines or 40 words), those words must be enclosed in quotation marks.

According to Harari (2011), "Culture tends to argue that it forbids only that which is unnatural. But from a biological perspective, nothing is unnatural. Whatever is possible is by definition also natural. A truly unnatural behaviour, one that goes against the laws of nature, simply cannot exist, so it would need no prohibition." Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind

Citations method

Depending on the referencing style being used there are three standard systems for citing sources

Author - data system ( Harvard )

Numeric system  (Vancouver )

Notes and bibliography system ( MHRA)

different referencing styles

  Harvard Referencing

  APA Referencing

  MLA Referencing

  Vancouver Referencing

  Chicago Referencing

  IEEE Referencing

  MHRA Referencing

  OSCOLA Referening

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Different Kinds of Citing and Referencing Styles Used for Academic and Professional Communities

Referencing is a standard convention in the academic and professional communities, which was made to inform the reader of these resources of information employed in a piece of written work. Our Free APA Reference Generator tool ensures you to provide the correct format for referencing. Massey University uses a range of different referencing styles. If you are referencing eBooks or electronic journal posts that seem just like the printed equivalents (for instance, have individual pages, then set out in precisely the exact same manner as in printed sources) mention them in exactly the exact identical way as publish publications and magazine articles, such as all the exact identical details. 

Referencing referred to as citation is all about saying the source of facts, your thoughts, and opinions. The reader of particular forms of arts and humanities pupil may hence be better assisted by the usage of author-title referencing styles like MLA: for example,"(Dickens Oliver, 10)", where significant information is provided on the webpage. In footnotes, in-text citations have been back in Oxford referencing.

It's important to indicate when assigning a Journal article that appears online this is the case. It guarantees that references are formatted correctly -- inline using the Harvard referencing style -- and it does this faster than writing them out manually. Cite Them Right Online is a Coding resource. The partitioning approaches are Harvard (author-date), APA, MLA, MHRA, OSCOLA, Vancouver, and Chicago.

Using the Cite That For Me free and accessible Harvard generator makes producing accurate references easier, leaving more time for you to focus on achieving your academic targets. Time is of the essence when you are finishing a newspaper, but there is no need to fear because you're able to compile your reference list with the Cite This for Me Harvard referencing generator. Other sources are seen by information about referencing tables below. 

Take a look at our short introduction to Harvard Referencing (Cite Them Right). Use the hyperlinks below for advice on referencing specific kinds of resources, and mention builders (where accessible). The Cite That for Me Harvard post generator above will make your references in the Harvard - Cite Them Right (10th Edition) format as standard, but it may References in 7,000+ styles. 

Even when you are using the Cite knowing will go a long way in assisting you to naturally integrate the process in your research and writing routine. The ACS manual provides directions for numbered referencing and for Indices (Harvard style) referencing. APA referencing is a version of Harvard design. Whilst citations are utilized to indicate where a source has been quoted or paraphrased by you, your reference checklist is an alphabetized collection of Harvard citations that are whole that enables your reader.

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D‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‍‍‌‍‍issertation Question-A critical review of the existance and

D‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‍‍‌‍‍issertation Question-A critical review of the existance and

D‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‍‍‌‍‍issertation Question-A critical review of the existance and impact of subtle racial discrimination and workplace Bullying in the EU and the related law. Style – OSCOLA REFERENCING Include only recent case laws,Journal article,legislations. Have chapters of rou‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‍‍‌‍‍ghly the same length which build on each other. Sign post headings. provide examples to…

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D‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‍‍‌‍‍issertation Question-A critical review of the existance and

D‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‍‍‌‍‍issertation Question-A critical review of the existance and

D‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‍‍‌‍‍issertation Question-A critical review of the existance and impact of subtle racial discrimination and workplace Bullying in the EU and the related law. Style – OSCOLA REFERENCING Include only recent case laws,Journal article,legislations. Have chapters of rou‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‍‍‌‍‍ghly the same length which build on each other. Sign post headings. provide examples to…

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OSCOLA referencing, also known as Oxford referencing, is the preferred method for citing social sciences sources. When writing a law essay, for example, and you want to credit an author, you will get top marks if you know how to use oscola referencing.

The name OSCOLA is an abbreviation of the Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities. So, if you want to get a passing grade in your legal studies, you will have to know the ins and outs of this referencing style and you get helps from essay typer.

What Is an Online OSCOLA Referencing Tool?

An OSCOLA citation machine allows you to quickly and easily generate citations in the regular 6th edition OSCOLA format. All you must do now is choose a resource from the list to cite and ghost writer also used this tool. Then enter the relevant information, such as the author's name and publication year, and let the referencing generator handle the rest.

How to do OSCOLA Referencing?

OSCOLA Referencing does not use endnotes or in-text citations. All citations are displayed as footnotes. Citations in tables of cases and laws and bibliographies are used in longer works such as books and research papers.

The Free OSCOLA Generator generates a list of sources that are automatically cited.

• Books

• Book Chapters

• Journal Articles

• Websites

• Emails

Benefits of Using an Online Oscola Referencing Generator

• Adding footnotes and bibliographies to your papers is a breeze when you use an OSCOLA type referencing generator. The free OSCOLA reference generator takes all your knowledge and generates full in-text and bibliographies. All you must do now is make sure that the bibliography entries are in alphabetical order.

• Besides, the reference generator is completely free to use. You can use it for all your social science papers without paying anything or building an account.

Use the free OSCOLA style referencing generator to simplify the process of writing your next social science article. You can save a lot of time using the automatic reference creator that is created for essay help, which is the most asset for everyone, mainly a university student.

Source: https://app.hackernoon.com/drafts/nQY7yIbId49NWY5rbSd0

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Harvard Style Guide by Professionals

Referencing is a convention within the professional and academic communities, which is designed to inform the reader of their resources of information employed in a piece of written work. Referencing is currently providing information on the resources that you used in your research. Create the in-text referencing list with the help of our Free Harvard Reference Generator. Harvard is a referencing style which is used broadly across a selection of disciplines; it might be deemed the “most commonly used" style. The entire year of publication is put in parentheses right after the author of this posting, when referencing posts. Remember the Harvard Style is worried about attributing primarily by writer (s) and by date.

When writing an essay, report, dissertation or other part of perform the key is organization, maintain notes of the publications and journal articles you have read, the sites you've visited as a member of your research procedure. This guide introduces the APA referencing style with illustrations of citation styles for various kinds of resources. Each college from the University requires pupils to utilize a specific manner of referencing. A variety of referencing styles are employed in the University in different topic areas.

Notice that when using the Harvard method, the entire year of publication is positioned after the author names. On referencing sources with Harvard Style, the Criminology & Justice Vimeo page contains videos. Should you require extra assistance, your resources will be cited by the Citation Machine APA benchmark generator automatically. The Cite This for Me Generator will look after all your Harvard citations, irrespective of source's sort that you want to mention.

We advocate using the Harvard referencing system as it is simple to use and simple to learn if a lecturer or department doesn't ask you to use a specific style. Included is various citation formats with illustrations for each source type, advice about referencing, along with other info that is helpful. A reference list should be directly linked to by the short in-text Harvard references in your work.

It's important to suggest, when referencing a Journal article that seems online before the print publication, this is the case. It ensures that references have been formatted correctly -- inline using the Harvard referencing style -- and it does thus substantially quicker than writing out them. Cite Them Right Online is a referencing resource that is essential. The referencing systems are Harvard (author-date), APA, MLA, MHRA, OSCOLA, Vancouver and Chicago. Use our APA Reference Generator for APA styling guide.

Here's an example that cites a book with a single author using Harvard style. University policy mandates the usage of the APA Design (6th edition) characterized with this informative guide. In accordance with Kornmeier, Harvard referencing is that the rule instead of the exception, while footnotes are hardly ever used for resource citations (cf. The Oxford University System for the Citation of Legal Authorities or OSCOLA referencing style is designed by Oxford University to reference laws authorities, and an assortment of substances.

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Academic Essay怎么写

那些初到国外留学的小伙伴们不知道都准备好迎接全新的留学生活了吗？还没有适应新生活的同学一定要抓紧时间。而同学们在课堂上肯定会遇到Essay的，常见的Essay类型想必大家是没有问题的，但对于Academic Essay，不知道大家又会不会写呢？不会的话下面就给大家讲解一下。

1.按照惯例当然是要先来看看Academic Essay的写作结构：

大家要知道的是不管什么类型的essay，整体的结构是不会变的。一般都分为四个部分：

Introduction

Body

Conclusion

Reference List

对了，还有根据字数来分的Short Essay(一般小于1200字)和Long Essay(一般大于1200字)。

2.各种类型essay的参考文献：

商科Essay常用的文献格式有：APA和Harvard Referencing

语言类Essay常用的文献格式：MLA和Chicago Style

法律类Essay常用的文献格式：Bluebook(美国常用)和OSCOLA(英国常用)

一般在老师布置作业的同时就会告诉大家应该参考的文献，大家在收到题目之后尽量按照老师的要求去写。在英文论文写作中直接引用是Quotation；间接引用才是Citing。建议留学新生们在写Essay的时候要尽量少用Quotation，因为在查论文重合率的时候很容易因为数字太高很容易被检测出来。

3.Short Essay(小于1200字)结构：

前面跟大家提到了Short Essay，大家要看仔细了。因为对于留学新生来说老师一般都不会要求大家写太长的Essay，所以基本都是短Essay，让我们先来看看Short Essay的具体写作结构(一般采用五段式或者三段式Essay写作结构)。

第一部分：Introduction

1.Topics statement：State the topic addressed in the essay

2.Background：Provide some history relevant to the topic or give statistics to show the significance of the topic or provide of example of the significance of the topic

3.Summary of Essay argument：a thesis statement

第二部分：Body

1.同学们记住要有三个主体内容

2.还要做到每个主体段都必须有不同的论点

3.每个主体段之后都有论据来支撑所提出的论点

4.主体段之间如果有过渡句当然最好

第三部分：Conclusion

1. Summary of essay argument

2. Restatement of significance of the topic(Optional)

3. No new materials

大家只要理解并且掌握以上的写作技巧，相信对于老师布置的essay作业也能迎刃而解！

4.科学合理的写作顺序：

对于写作不熟练的小白建议按照Body——→Conclusion——→Introduction的顺序去写。因为写完了正文和结论之后就对整篇Essay有了大体的概括，然后在回过头去写Introduction，这样就避免了Essay前后不一致的错误。

5.语法真的是硬伤

很多中国留学生在写Essay的时候很容易犯一些基本的语法错误，这是由于根深蒂固的中国式思维导致的。正是因为如此，留学生们就更应该在语法上严格要求自己。一般情况下语法的正确率在essay中大概要占到10%的比率，也就是说你的Essay没有语法错误，那么你100分你就已经拿到十分了。一篇语法错误百出的Essay，想拿到A基本是不可能了。所以，语法也非常重要。

6.如何提高Essay写作效率？

当然是快刀斩乱麻，写的越快越干净越利索最好！建议作业布置下来的一周内去完成它。经常有同学喜欢在deadline前几天才开始动笔，这是不提倡的，因为这样做强度很大，而且有可能来不及修改，导致同学们得低分。

以上就是关于Academic Essay的讲解，��完了上面的内容同学们有没有对essay写作有更深入的了解呢？相信大家对于自己的作业也更有信心了吧！

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更多关于代写的内容，点开主页栏目，即可快速获取代写相关资讯，如果各位有美国作业代写需求，可以咨询24小时客服QQ：800020041，为您详细解答。

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Dissertation Bibliography Oscola

Dissertation Bibliography Oscola

Automatically cite and reference in OSCOLA (Oxford University Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities) style for your bibliography. Easy citation generation.

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For dissertations and theses, bibliographic software is most RefWorks and EndNote both have OSCOLA output 

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What is OSCOLA? The Oxford Standard for Citation Of Legal Authorities. OSCOLA is a 'footnote style' - so all citations appear in footnotes. It does not use 

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What is OSCOLA? The Oxford Standard for Citation Of Legal Authorities. OSCOLA is a 'footnote style' - so all citations appear in footnotes. It does not use 

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OSCOLA. Oxford University Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities In a book or thesis, define unfamiliar abbreviations in a list of abbreviations in the.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY EXAMPLES. These are examples of various formats based on OSCOLA (4 th edn). The following journals, published by Oxford University Press  

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using OSCOLA, the Oxford University Standard for the Citation of. Legal Authorities .. Dissertation students should consult their supervisor and handbook for 

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using OSCOLA, the Oxford University Standard for the Citation of. Legal Authorities .. Dissertation students should consult their supervisor and handbook for 

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A full template and example to help you write a citation for a Dissertation in the OSCOLA style.

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21 Dec 2016 OSCOLA Referencing Guide & Endnote Style You will still need to create a bibliography or reference list when using this style and Refworks 

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http://denning.law.ox.ac.uk/published/oscola.shtml. Faculty of Law, In a book or thesis, compile the table(s) of cases (generally located in the preliminary.

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OSCOLA. Oxford University Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities In a book or thesis, define unfamiliar abbreviations in a list of abbreviations in the.

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http://denning.law.ox.ac.uk/published/oscola.shtml. Faculty of Law, In a book or thesis, compile the table(s) of cases (generally located in the preliminary.

Go

For dissertations and theses, bibliographic software is most RefWorks and EndNote both have OSCOLA output 

Go

What is OSCOLA? The Oxford Standard for Citation Of Legal Authorities. OSCOLA is a 'footnote style' - so all citations appear in footnotes. It does not use 

Go

OSCOLA. Oxford University Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities In a book or thesis, define unfamiliar abbreviations in a list of abbreviations in the.

OSCOLA. Oxford University Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities In a book or thesis, define unfamiliar abbreviations in a list of abbreviations in the.

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A Guide of All the Common Citation Styles

There’s no denying that citing sources is one of the most elaborate steps in the process of preparing an academic paper. Now, some of you may consider using a citation machine for APA or MLA or Chicago styles. But it’s still important to have a basic idea about the most common citation styles that exist.

In fact, when you have some clarity on the different citation styles, you will find it easier to use the citation machine for Chicago or Vancouver or any other style.

1. Vancouver referencing

Vancouver referencing is a numeric referencing style in which each source is provided with a number that corresponds to the order in which the source appears in the text. If the same source is mentioned again in the text, the same number is used. The reference list consists of a single numbered list of citations with full details.

Here’s a Vancouver referencing example is given below.

You can find more information on Vancouver referencing from this website.

2. APA referencing and citation

APA style was initially applied in psychology and social sciences. Today, many other disciplines also follow this style. APA citation style follows the author-date system of the parenthetical citation, similar to Harvard style.

Most of the conventions involve brief author-date citations in brackets in the body of the text and full citations in the reference list. It’s common to incorporate a reference list only instead of bibliography in APA style.

3. Harvard referencing and citation

This style is also known as the ‘author-date’ style. In this particular style the in the body of the text, in-text citation can be in brackets or footnotes. The method requires you to use the author’s last name and the date of publication, with the page number (if it’s a reference to a particular page). The complete details are only listed in the bibliography or the reference list.

4. Chicago referencing and citation

Chicago style referencing provides two options for citations. You can list out brief citations in the body of the text, or list them in footnotes like the Oxford referencing style. If you’re suggested to use Chicago style referencing and citation, it’s essential to check which format your department wants you to employ.

5. OSCOLA referencing and citation

OSCOLA (Oxford Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities) is specifically used in legal studies, as it consists of rules for dealing with the kind of sources that law students may frequently use.

The in-text citations are placed in footnotes, with a formal set of abbreviations for key sources, like AC for Appeal Cases. The use of punctuation is limited in this style, and there are particular rules for dealing with subsequent mentions.

With all this information, you will find it easier to cite the sources on your academic paper the next time.

Reference From - https://medium.com/smart-assignment-writing/a-guide-of-all-the-common-citation-styles-129de88ef579