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drug references

HASHISH (hash-ee-sh) the name is derived from Arabic. A paste/block is made from the resin of marijuana plants. It is commonly smoked in a pipe but can be eaten. It has much the same effects as marijuana but the concentration of THC (the active ingredient in marijuana) is much higher than in leaves or buds.

COCAINE (co-kane) obtained from the leaves of the coca plant. It is a stimulant of the central nervous system, an appetite suppressant, and a topical anesthetic. Generally snorted up the nose in a white power form (crack was unheard of in 1968) It was more popular in the 1970s and 1980s than in the 1960s). With excessive or prolonged use, the drug can cause itching, tachycardia, hallucinations, and paranoid delusions.

CANNABIS (can-a-bis) the genus of any and all marijuana plants of which there are three species. Cannabis contain 400 different chemical compounds the most active in drug use being THC (tetrahydrocannabinol).

OPIUM (oh-pee-um) Dried latex of the opium poppy fruit. 12% morphine. Also contains codeine. Morphine is the most prevalent and important chemical in opium, and is responsible for most of its harmful effects such as lung edema, respiratory difficulties, coma, or cardiac or respiratory collapse, with a normal lethal dose of 120 to 250 milligrams, the amount found in approximately two grams of opium. The user experiences a rush of pleasure, followed by an extended period of relaxation, freedom from anxiety, and the relief of physical pain. Not smoked per se, but burned so that the chemicals are vaporized and then the fumes are inhaled. Heroine is a modern derivative of opium.

LSD (lie-sir-g-ik ass-id die-thy-la-myde) Lysergic Acid Diethylamide is well known for its psychological effects which can include altered thinking processes, closed and open eye visuals, synaesthesia (a perception of one sense through another – eg hearing colors), an altered sense of time, and spiritual experiences. But also, anxiety and delusions: “trips” have been known to resurface months or even years after consumption date. Marijuana and LSD were the key drugs of the Hippie culture (see the “drug culture” section of the Home page for more on LSD).

DMT Dimethyltryptamine is a naturally occurring psychedelic compound found in several plants and used by South American Shamans (sources are unclear about how it became known as a street drug). A white powder that can be mixed with herbs and smoked or freebased, DMT produces intense psyadelic effects within an minute and the experience fades within 30 minutes. It produces experiences including intense visuals, euphoria, and hallucinations (perceived extensions of reality).

STP Slang for the long lasting psychedelic 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine, also known as DOM. STP was said to stand for Serenity, Tranquility, and Peace. Has properties related to LSD. The high comes in at around half an hour after swallowing the tablet and is at peak at 2 to 3 hours depending on the quantity consumed. High can last 14 to 20 hours depending on dosage.

BMT is not a drug. BMT stands for for Brooklyn Manhattan Transit, one of the original subway systems in NYC.

A&P is also, not a drug. It was a popular grocery and drug store on the east coast that began to fall out of favor after the rise of Safeway.

IRT The Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT) was the private operator of the original underground New York City Subway line that opened in 1904,

APC A widely-used over the counter pain reliever and fever reducer from the 1940s through the 1960s containing aspirin, phenacetin, and caffeine. In the 1980s it was reformulated due to phenacetin causing kidney cancer.

ALCOHOL The drinking age in New York State was 18 in 1968.

CIGARETTES nicotine is a stimulant and by 1950 all states had banned the sale of cigarettes to minors. Nevertheless many youths smoked and there were few public or private places where smoking was banned.

SHOE POLISH Young people or people without enough money to buy other drugs would inhale shoe polish and other solvents (what we would call “huffing” today). The effects were and “instant rush” – elevated heart rate, euphoria, & slurred speech followed by drowsiness. Huffing of any household product or solvent can cause permanent brain damage.

COUGH SYRUP Before 1970 over the counter cough syrup regularly contained codeine (now it contains dextromethorphan). Consumed in large amounts, it causes effects ranging from mild distortions of color and sound to visual hallucinations, “out-of-body” dissociative sensations, and loss of motor control.

PEYOTE A small, spineless cactus native to Texas and Mexico particularly where there are traces of limestone. Peyote has an extended history of ritualistic and medicinal use by indigenous Americans. One might ingest peyote before the classic “spiritual quest” popular in south-western tribal customs. Can be chewed or boiled in water to produce a psychoactive tea.As it is extremely bitter, most people actually feel nauseated before any onset psychoactive effects. While a controlled substance, Peyote is not explicitly illegal in ANY country. Within the US, those with Native American blood are allowed to consume and cultivate Peyote in all 50 states while non-native Peyote use is only protected in five states: Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Colorado, and Oregon.

EQUINOL Equanil (marketed by another company as “Miltown”) rapidly became the first blockbuster psychotropic drug in American history. As a kind of “miracle drug”, it was used for many mental disorders including anxiety and depression and was seen as a “mild tranquilizer.” It is highly addictive. Soma and Valium are derivatives of Equanil.

DEXAMYL (dex-a-mil) is a rudimentary antidepressant introduced in the 1930’s. In the late 60’s and early 70’s, Dexamyl became popular as a street drug upper, under the name “Christmas trees,” a reference to its appearance—a clear and green capsule containing green and white “beads.”

COMPOZINE (comp-o-zine) Compazine belongs to a class of antipsychotic agents used for treatment of nausea, vertigo, and migraine headaches.

KEMODRIN (keem-o-drin) a brand name for Procyclidine, Kemadrin is an anti-spasmodic used to treat drug-induced Parkinsonian-like symptoms. Kemadrin abuse in teenagers was reported in the 1980’s as it produced effects indistinguishable from mania.

THORIZENE (thor-i-zine) Thorazine was the first drug developed with specific antipsychotic action. Thorazine has also been used by some LSD users to reduce the effects of a so-called “bad trip” (sustained nightmarish hallucinations). Many experienced LSD users also frequently use the drug to “shut their head off” in order to sleep during the tail effects of an acid trip. Thorazine when used for sleep under these circumstances reduces the racing thoughts attributed to LSD use.

TRILOPHON (tri-lo-fon) spelled Trilafon that treats psychosis and the manic phases of bipolar disorder. Long-term use has been associated with cognitive decline and permanent brain damage.

DEXEDRINE (dex-i-drine) is a brand of dextroamphetamine and is the main active ingredient in the ADHD drug Adderall. It was not widely marketed until it was introduced in the Benzedrine inhaler (see Benzedrine). During the Vietnam War, Special Units of the US Military were issued dextroamphetamine tablets as a “go pill” to promote alertness and decrease want for sleep. Due to the threat of misuse, these tablets were given to the Commanding Officer of the unit, and given out when needed. Adderall is still abused by many college students today as a “study aid”.

BENZEDRINE (ben-zi-drine) is the trademark name of an asthma inhaler that began marketing in 1928 using dextroamphetamine (see Dexadrine). Initially used for medical purposes, early users discovered that it had a euphoric stimulant effect. Oftentimes, the container would be cracked open to reveal a paper strip covered in the Benzedrine mix of amphetamines which was then swallowed. These bits of paper became known as “bennies.” In the 40’s and 50’s doctor’s began to move away from prescribing it, because of its history of abuse, but it resurfaced as a stimulant for armed forces in WWII and Vietnam.

METHEDRINE (meth-i-drine) synonymous with Methamphetamine was created in 1893 in Japan, though was not approved by the FDA for use in the US until 1944 to treat narcolepsy, mild depression, postencephalitic parkinsonism, chronic alcoholism, cerebral arteriosclerosis, and hay fever. All of these approvals were eventually removed left now to only ADHD and exogenous obesity. Both the Japanese and German military used methamphetamine in WWII. It is also believed that Hitler himself received methamphetamine intravenously. methamphetamine causes euphoria, hallucinations and increased libido but the effects of long term abuse are life threatening.

** Compiled by: Sarah Buto -- https://msp2013hair.wordpress.com/drug-glossary/ **

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