#shantock

[theirmarks]

Uncas. Poquoiam. Woncase. His Marke.

Sagamore of Mohegan. Born ca. 1590, his homelands at Shantok and across some southeastern parts of present-day “Connecticut.” Descendancy and kinship ties across Narragansett and Pequot communities. Present at the Massacre at Mystic Fort, responsible for the execution of Narragansett sachem Miantonomo. Died ca. 1683.

This document outlines the areas Uncas considered to be “Pequid” lands. This document, also signed by Robin Casasinamon, asserts that Pequot homelands [a time before the colonizers stole the land], extended “to a brooke called weexcodawa…unto the end of that water or pond called nekeeequoweese…the land falling betweene that & the pond called teapanocke.” The signed document continues on to say the land “eastward of the brook weexcodawa is & was Naraganset Land belonging to Ninagras and his heires.”

Some of Uncas’ kin: parents Owaneco (I) and Mekunump; sons Owaneco (II), Attawanhood (II) or Joshua, and Benjamin Uncas. 

This document signed August 4, 1662 in so-called New London, Connecticut. Seen at the Massachusetts State Archives.

[newingtonnow]

Chief G’tinemong/Ralph W. Sturges

By Melissa Tantaquidgeon Zobel

Mohegan Chief G’tinemong/Ralph W. Sturges was the great-grandson of Tribal Chair and Medicine Woman Emma Baker. Born December 25, 1918, in New London, Ralph pursued studies in administration and criminology. That training prompted his service as a security and intelligence officer for the United States Government during the Second World War. After the war, he worked as an investigator for the Philadelphia Legal Aid Society.

Returning to Connecticut in 1948 to become a paymaster in local industry, he married Ida Page of New London the following year. Their son Paul was born in 1952, when Ralph was working as a Curtis Candy Company salesperson. Shortly after that, he transferred to the George Greer Company, where he was also a salesperson. From 1955 to 1963 he directed public relations for the Salvation Army in New England Afterwards, he was employed by the Legnos Boat Company designing and building plugs, molds, and patterns for boats.

In 1952 Ralph became a marble sculptor. His local artistic contributions included the donation of a sculpture of a sperm whale (the Connecticut State Animal) to Governor Ella Grasso and the presentation of a relief carving of Uncas’s Mark to Uncas Elementary School in Norwich.

Ralph carved an Indian head logo (designed by Tribal member Michael Cooney) for Montville High School in 1986 and the base for the repatriated Samuel Uncas gravestone in 1992. He donated a sculpted whale for New London’s 300th anniversary and a sculpted Lighthouse to the United States Coast Guard Academy in Groton in honor of its superintendent, Rear Admiral Malcolm E. Clark, who had passed.

During the 1980s, Ralph served as a member of the Mohegan Tribal Council. He also chaired the Tribal Burial Committee, which directs sacred last rites at Fort Shantock for Tribal members. Following the death of Chief Little Hatchet/Courtland Fowler in 1991, Ralph was elected lifetime Tribal Chief. Medicine Woman Gladys Tantaquidgeon bestowed on Ralph the Mohegan name G’tinemong, which means “He Who Helps Thee.”

His awards include the Catherine Duncan Prize for encouraging others in the arts (given by the Marlborough Arts Commission) and a citation from the Town of Windham, where he served as Grand Marshal of their 300th birthday parade. Today, he is remembered for successfully guiding the Tribe through the final stages of Federal Recognition (which it obtained in 1994), State Compacting (negotiation of formal agreements between the Mohegan Tribe and the State of Connecticut), and Federal Settlement Negotiations. He died in 2007 and a bronze statue of him stands—along with memorials to other 20th-century Mohegan Chiefs—in front of the Mohegan Community and Government Center in Uncasville.

Mohegan Medicine Woman and Tribal Historian Melissa Tantaquidgeon Zobel holds an MA in history from the University of Connecticut Connecticut and an MFA in Creative Writing from Fairfield University; she has authored several books, including Medicine Trail: The Life and Lessons of Gladys Tantaquidgeon (University of Arizona Press, 2000) and Oracles: A Novel (University of New Mexico Press, 2004).

This article is excerpted from her book The Lasting of the Mohegans, Part I: The Story of the Wolf People (Uncasville: The Mohegan Tribe, 1992), which won the inaugural First Book Award from the Native Writers’ Circle of the Americas.

from ConnecticutHistory.org https://connecticuthistory.org/chief-gtinemongralph-w-sturges/