#skyrmionics

[govindhtech]

Russia Develops Sub-Ångström Tech For Quantum Computing

Dimensions or precision levels that are fractions of an Ångström are referred to as sub-Ångströms. This scale roughly corresponds to the diameter of a single atom. In fields like quantum computing and advanced materials research, where atomic-level control significantly affects functionality and performance, sub-Ångström precision is crucial for developing next-generation technologies.

Sub-Ångström technology is developed by Russian scientists for next-generation quantum processors.

iDEA is a groundbreaking sub-Ångström manufacturing method developed by Russian scientists to develop next-generation quantum processors. This innovation, developed by researchers at the nanotechnology center of the  Quantum Park cluster of Bauman Moscow State Technical University (BMSTU) in collaboration with the Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Dukhov Automatics Research Institute” (VNIIA), enables the mass production of superconducting quantum processors with thousands of qubits. The technique has a Russian patent, and applications for international patents are presently being reviewed.

Important Information and Thoughts:

Sub-Ångström accuracy (±0.2 Å): The iDEA (ion beam-induced DEfects Activation) technique allows for the manufacture of qubit components with an ultra-precise ±0.2 Ångström (0.02 nm) accuracy using tunnel dielectrics, which are typically 0.8–2 nm thick.

Why it’s important This level of precision is crucial for quantum computing since even little changes at the atomic level can lead to tiny discrepancies in qubit frequency. Unintentional alignment of qubit energy levels can lead to crosstalk, energy loss, and computation errors, and these issues worsen exponentially with the number of qubits. By meeting such exacting standards, the method ensures that manufactured atoms are homogeneous, similar to natural atoms, which is crucial for practical quantum computing.

Advantages and Mechanism:

Targeted Defects: The iDEA technology creates targeted defects that enable extremely fine-grained metal-oxide interface tailoring when ions are blasted into the crystal lattice. This process has already been approximated at the molecular level. High Yield: By adjusting each qubit to its ideal frequency with deviations of no more than ±0.35%, it is possible to attain yield rates for quantum circuits that are almost 100%. In contrast, IBM Quantum’s around 300 qubit circuits are constrained by fabrication precision, while iDEA demonstrates feasibility for 1000+ qubit processors with a yield of roughly 99%.

Speed: Compared to competing methods like IBM Quantum (tens of seconds) and Rigetti (hundreds of seconds), the process is extremely fast, taking only one second per qubit.

Coherence: iDEA-produced transmon qubits have lives exceeding 500 µs, which is on par with the highest international standards, demonstrating that the method does not affect qubit coherence.

First in the World: This is the first focused ion beam processing proposal for artificial atoms created globally. Competing methods like as electron irradiation, laser annealing, and electrical treatments work across considerably larger areas and cannot selectively handle nearby nanoscale features.

Uses Not Related to Quantum Computing:

The technology has been validated using superconducting quantum coprocessors that have successfully performed materials science calculations.

In addition to quantum computing, iDEA can be applied to other post-CMOS architectures that rely on hidden dielectric layers, such as transistors, memristors, and magnetic skyrmions. They are essential components of artificial intelligence (AI) and next-generation computing systems because they help overcome the physical and energy limitations of conventional semiconductor processors.

The “ångström era” of CMOS technologies is being ushered in by leading manufacturers like Intel, Samsung, and TSMC, who have feature sizes of 12–14 nm and dielectric thickness control of ±0.2 nm (±2 Å). However, these are still relatively large in comparison to iDEA’s sub-Ångström precision. The Russian development combines new physical concepts for computation with existing CMOS platforms to achieve notable performance increases.

Sub-Ångström Ambient Motion Resolution Using

Vibrational Spectra Reconstruction

A different work that was published in Nature Communications explains how to reconstruct sub-Ångström ambient motion using vibrational spectra. Existing nanoscale visualization techniques have had difficulty observing metal/organic-molecule interactions at sub-nanometer scales in ambient conditions because they average over heterogeneous distributions. This research demonstrates that this is feasible.

Important Information and Thoughts:

Noninvasive Imaging: Two-D (2D). This paper presents a noninvasive imaging method for Ruddlesden-Popper hybrid perovskites (RPPs), which are soft and insulating organic layers. Because of their softness, insulating qualities, and beam sensitivity, these materials pose problems for traditional imaging techniques like scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM).

Combined Technique: The researchers achieved this by combining tip-functionalized scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and noncontact atomic force microscopy (ncAFM) with a CO-functionalized tip, backed by theoretical simulations using density functional theory (DFT). Imaging with remarkable sub-Ångström resolution (<1 Å) is made possible by this combo technique. Studying Interactions Between Metals and Molecules

SERS and Picocavities: This method monitors the vibrations of individual molecules in metallic adatoms that are optically created in proximity to a target molecule. Single metal adatoms stabilizing atop plasmonic nanocavities localize the optical field to sub-nm3 effective volumes called picocavities.

Inverting Spectra to Dynamics: The key innovation is the utilization of a comprehensive DFT model to convert the SERS spectra from an optically generated metallic adatom into dynamic sub-Å metal-molecule interactions. This suggests that one atom is diffusing in an unusual way.

Chemical Perturbations: The technique showed that transitory metal-organic coordination bonds chemically disturb molecular functional groups that are more than ten links away. For example, a gold adatom energetically encourages the nitrogen to form a partial bond with the gold atom in cyanobiphenyl-4-thiol (NC-BPT), which shifts the nitrogen’s hybridization and lowers the vibrational frequency and C-N bond order.

Adatom Trajectories: By tracking connected variations in vibrational frequencies, one can determine the 3D adatom trajectory with respect to the molecule. This demonstrates that the adatom often shifts between several positions on the nanoparticle’s facet, displaying aberrant sub-diffusion with a mean square displacement that points to subatomic-scale blockage.

Knowledge of Material Properties:

Perovskite Structure: Atomic reconstruction of the inorganic lead-halide lattice and twin-domain composition of RPP crystals are depicted in STM images. NcAFM with a CO-tip is utilized to visualize the cooperative reordering of surface organic cations brought on by hydrogen bonding interactions with the inorganic lattice.

Electrostatic Potential and Exciton Transport: The joint approach exposes alternating quasi-1D electron and hole channels by imaging electrostatic potential fluctuation across twin-domain walls at the atomic scale. This clarifies photoexcited electron–hole pair separation and long-range exciton transport in 2D RPPs, which are essential for optoelectronic device applications.

Applications: This method may shed light on heterogeneous catalysis, metal-protein interactions, molecular electronics, and nanoscale crystallinity. It makes it possible to systematically examine the thermal activation of surface potentials and the manner in which different molecular moieties influence them.

Both news articles highlight significant developments in the manipulation and observation of matter at the sub-Ångström scale, pushing the boundaries of quantum technology and advanced materials research.

[sentinelgundamn]

Experimental signature of layer skyrmions and implications for band topology in twisted WSe2 bilayers | Nature Physics

Source: Nature

https://search.app/PLpxp

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[aitoolswhitehattoolbox]

Research Associate in Computational Skyrmionics for Neuromorphic Computing

The University seeks to appoint a research associate with expertise on computational techniques in the Department of Computer Science to work on Skyrmionics for Neuromorphic Computing, including an interdisciplinary project between Manchest… Apply Now

[sisiad]

Geometric phase analysis of magnetic skyrmion lattices in Lorentz transmission electron microscopy images

http://dlvr.it/T7YrX7

[newsnoshonline]

L'intelligenza artificiale sente il fattore X nascosto nelle canzoni d'amore del fringuello zebrato Il mistero degli Skyrmion e il futuro dei computer Recenti sviluppi tecnologici permettono di manipolare gli Skyrmion in modo efficiente e a basso costo, aprendo nuove prospettive nel campo dell’elaborazione dati. Gli Skyrmion potrebbero essere fondamentali per i computer del futuro. Robot ispirati alle meduse e test sulla saliva Robot ispirati alle meduse potrebbero rivoluzionare il monitoraggio oceanico, mentre test sulla saliva potrebbero rappresentare un nuovo metodo diagnostico vantaggioso per le infezioni nei neonati. Scoperto il ‘fattore X’ nei canti degli uccelli Attraverso l’intelligenza artificiale, è stato individuato un misterioso “fattore X” nei canti dei fringuelli zebrati, impercettibile all’orecchio umano

[y2fear]

Scientists study the behaviors of chiral skyrmions in chiral flower-like obstacles

[jhavelikes]

Magnetic skyrmions and hopfions are topological structures—well-localized field configurations that have been a hot research topic over the past decade owing to their unique particle-like properties, which make them promising objects for spintronic applications. Skyrmions are two-dimensional, resembling vortex-like strings, while hopfions are three-dimensional structures within a magnetic sample volume resembling closed, twisted skyrmion strings in the shape of a donut-shaped ring in the simplest case. Despite extensive research in recent years, direct observation of magnetic hopfions has only been reported in synthetic material. This current work is the first experimental evidence of such states stabilized in a crystal of B20-type FeGe plates using transmission electron microscopy and holography. The results are highly reproducible and in full agreement with micromagnetic simulations. The researchers provide a unified skyrmion–hopfion homotopy classification and offer insight into the diversity of topological solitons in three-dimensional chiral magnets.

First experimental evidence of hopfions in crystals: Research opens up new dimension for future technology

[dipsiven]

Study reveals an asymmetric dispersion of phason excitations in a skyrmion lattice – The Lifestyle Insider

[nawapon17]

Whirlwind Tech: The Future of Energy-Efficient Spintronics Computing

[karayoluhaber]

X-Işını Mikroskopisi Spintronikte Sınırları Belirginleştiriyor

BESSY II’deki yeni bir çalışma, yüksek uzaysal çözünürlük ve gerçek zamanlı analiz kullanarak, disprosyum ve kobaltın ferrimanyetik ince filmlerinde skyrmionların ortaya çıkışını inceliyor. Bu, gelecekte uygun malzemelerin skyrmions ile hassas bir şekilde karakterize edilmesi yönünde çok önemli bir adımdır. Çalışma Communications Physics dergisinde yayımlandı. Berliner…

[acadru]

What do you think will leave a lesser carbon footprint- sending an email to a friend or walking to the friend's house next door?

Find out the answer here:- https://acadru.com/learning-modules/view/future-of-data-storage

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[materialsscienceandengineering]

Why skyrmions could have a lot in common with glass and high-temperature superconductors

Scientists have known for a long time that magnetism is created by the spins of electrons lining up in certain ways. But about a decade ago, they discovered another astonishing layer of complexity in magnetic materials: Under the right conditions, these spins can form little vortexes or whirlpools that act like particles and move around independently of the atoms that spawned them.

The tiny whirlpools are called skyrmions, named after Tony Skyrme, the British physicist who predicted their existence in 1962. Their small size and sturdy nature—like knots that are hard to undo—have given rise to a rapidly expanding field devoted to understanding them better and exploiting their strange qualities.

"These objects represent some of the most sophisticated forms of magnetic order that we know about," said Josh Turner, a staff scientist at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and principal investigator with the Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences (SIMES) at SLAC.

Read more.

[cottonfreakz]

Skyrmionics ?????????

Scientists at the Universities of Birmingham, Bristol, and Colorado, Boulder have moved a step closer to developing the next generation of data storage and processing devices, using an emerging science called skyrmionics.

Simulations of skyrmion bags in magnetic materials. Each point represents a direction of the magnet, with white upwards, black downwards and colours around a colour wheel. The bags consist of three vortex-like lumps, which are the skyrmions inside the bag.

Skyrmionics focuses on harnessing the properties of nanometer-sized structures in magnetic films called skyrmions. These spin on the surface of the magnet like tiny vortices and scientists believe they could be used to store much denser quantities of data that is currently possible using existing magnetic data storage techniques on which modern computers currently rely.

The shape of these skyrmion structures means data encoded in them could also be transferred using much less power than is currently achievable.

But arranging these new structures in a way that makes them capable of storing and transferring data has proved a challenge.

In a new study, published in Nature Physics, the research team of UK-based theorists and US-based experimentalists has demonstrated a way of combining multiple skyrmions together in structures they call ‘skyrmion bags’, which allows a far greater packing of information in skyrmion systems.

“The challenge of improving our data storage is becoming increasingly urgent,” explains Mark Dennis, Professor of Theoretical Physics at the University of Birmingham and lead author of the study. “We will need new technological approaches to increase the amount of data we want to store in our computers, phones, and other devices, and skyrmion bags might be a route to this. Rather than using trains of single skyrmions to encode binary bits, each skyrmion bag can hold any number of skyrmions, massively increasing the potential for data storage.”

The team has modeled their technique in magnetic devices using computer simulations and successfully tested it in experiments involving liquid crystals.

“It’s particularly exciting to see this technology at work in liquid crystal since it opens up new possibilities for advances in areas such as display screens, sensors or even solar cells,” adds co-lead author, Dr. David Foster, at the University of Bristol.

Skyrmions were originally proposed as a theoretical model of fundamental particles by Professor Tony Skyrme of the University of Birmingham in the 1960s. This research, funded by the Leverhulme Trust and the US Department of Energy, demonstrates how purely theoretical ideas in physics can lead to innovative new technologies.

In February, the University of Birmingham secured funding from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) for a new multimillion-pound EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Topological Design at the University of Birmingham. The center is expected to train students, in collaboration with industrial partners, to deliver breakthroughs in the shape-related structures leading to new technologies such as skyrmionics.

[dalniente]

so earlier today i had the bright idea, “hey, you know what, let’s do bring doctor horrible into twelve days, it kills three birds with one stone and it’ll be a fun conversation to write. i have to write chapter 21 at some point and it might as well be now, so why not”

well friends

i’ll tell you why not

doctor horrible is a supergenius.  this wouldn’t be a problem, ordinarily, but so is megamind, and they both fit in similar niches in their respective cities.  which means now i have to figure out their version of talking shop!  i have ten wikipedia tabs open (i’ve already closed a ton more) and i understand precisely NONE of what i’m reading, and boy i really hope none of my readers are quantum physicists because i bet i sound COMPLETELY DERANGED.

here is one of the things i’m looking at:

hubris is an ugly thing, my friends

[sisiad]

Above-room-temperature chiral skyrmion lattice and Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction in a van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3−xGaTe2

http://dlvr.it/T7R5PG