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TCP/IP CHARACTERISTICS

TCP/IP CHARACTERISTICS - IP (INTERNET PROTOCOL ADDRESS) - An IP Address Is A Numeric Address. It's An Identifier For A Computer Or Device On A Network. Every Device Has To Have An IP Address For Communication Purposes. The IP Address Consists Of Two Parts:- First Part Is The Network Address Second Part Is The Host Address   There Are Two Different Types Of IP Addresses IPv4 IPv6 The First One Is The Most Common One, Its Called IP version 4 The Second Type Is Called IP Version 6.  

IPv4

IPv4 Is The Current Version Of The IP Addresses. It Is A 32 Bit Numeric Address Written As Four Numbers Separated By Periods. 69 . 92 . 232 . 11   Each Group Of Numbers That Are Separated By Periods Are Called Octets. The Number Range In Each Octet Is 0-255. This Address Version Can Produce Over 4 Billion (4,294,967,296) Unique Addresses.    

IPv6

When Internet Was First Developed, Programmers Didn't Realize How Big It Becomes. They Thought That IPv4 Which Produce Over 4 Billion Addresses Would Be Enough. But They Were Wrong. IPv6 Is The Next Generation Of IP Addresses.   The Main Difference Between IPv4 And IPv6 Is The Length Of An Network Address. A IPv4 Address Is 32-Bit Numeric Address. Where As IPv6 Is A 128-Bit Hexadecimal Address. Hexadecimal Uses Both Number And Alphabets In The Address. 67CD:3E48:23BE:62BD:8CB5:78BC:34C5:56A1 So With This Type Of Address IPv6 Can Produce An Unbelievable 340 Undecillion Addresses. i.e 340 with Thirty Six Zero's After It (340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456 So As You Might Have Guessed, IPv6 Is More Than Enough For The Perceivable Future.     Read the full article

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TCP IP Reference Model

TCP IP Reference Model - Whenever A Computer Wants To Communicate With Another Computer, The Communication Between Those Two Computer's Should Be Good And Reliable.So We Can Guarantee That The Data Is Received Correctly.

For Example When You Want To View A Web Page Or Download A File Or Look At Email You Would Expect The Web Page Intact In Order With Nothing Missing.

Or If You Download A File,You Would Want Entire File To Be Downloaded With Missing Data In It.

This Is Where TCP Comes In. TCP Stands For Transmission Control Protocol And This Is One Of Main Protocols Used In TCP IP Network.

TCP Is Guarantee That All The Data Is Received And In Order. Because Without TCP There Some Of The Data Could Be Missing Or Out Of Order. Because If You View A Web page Without TCP Your Web Page Could Be All Messed Up.The Images Could Be Missing Or The Text Could Be Backwards And Out Of Order. Or If You Download A File, You Might Not Get The Entire File Or You Could Get A File Out Of Order Which Would Render The File Useless. So This Is Where TCP Comes In. TCP Is A Connection Oriented Protocol Which Basically Means  That It Must First Acknowledge A Session Between A Two Computers They Are Communicating. So The Two Computers Verify A Connection Before Any Communication Takes Place And It Does By Using A Three Way Hand Shake. So The First Step A Computer Will Send Message Called SYN. Then The Receiving Computer Send Back An Acknowledgement Message Telling The Sender That They Has Received The Message. And The Finally The Sender Computer Sends An Acknowledgement Message Back To The Receiver Computer.

    Once This Has Taken Place Data Can Be Delivered.   And Another Important Thing To Remember About TCP Is That It Guarantees The Delivery Of The Data. So If The Data Packet Goes Straight And Doesn't Arrive Then TCP Will Resent It.  

IP Address (Internet Protocol Address)

Internet Protocol Address Is a Numerical Label Assigned To A Each Device(Computer Etc) Connected To Computer Network That Uses The Internet Protocol For Communication. An IP Address Sever Two Principle Functions : Host Or Network Interface Identification And Location Addressing. If You Understood Please Subscribe To My YouTube Channel And Share With Your Friends.   Smart CSE..!         Read the full article