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By: Eduardo Sotelo 

Environmental Problems 

1. Oil pollution leads to threading of the coral reefs, beaches, and industrial effluents.

2. Periodic droughts, frequent earthquakes, flash floods, landslides, windstorms, sandstorms and dust storms. 

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Solutions to Environmental Problems

By: Oscar Olivas 

Trying to limit the amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides would be an important first step in protecting the Nile's very valuable supply of water. Since Egypt cannot afford to import their food from another country, the government should opt to subsidize the price of organic fertilizers to remedy this problem. Compost is a great organic fertilizer that could help both fertilize the land and get rid of waste at the same time. To complement this possibility a campaign in favor of the separation of trash would greatly facilitate the production of compost. Another option would be to find alternative ways to dispose of waste, by either burying in landfills or burning it, but choosing to do either would eventually result in severe pollution in the long run.

Enforcing environmental protection in areas with heavy tourism would also aid in preserving Egypt's biodiversity. After all, since tourism is a great source of income for Egypt, it would only make sense to invest money in the conservation of these popular tourist spots.

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Environmental Problems in Egypt

By: Constanza Palma 

1.  Egypt gets most of their water form the Nile River.  The quality of the water coming from the Nile is not that good due to industries and agricultural wastes. 

2. Farmers are really used to add fertilizers to their crops and that adds more to water pollution. 

3. The increasing in Egypt's population has lead to the expansion of urban areas that limits the farming land.

4. Urban areas like Cairo, Alexandria, Al Minya and Aswan have poor quality air because of industrial plants and motor vehicles, as well and public transportation.

5. Tourism also causes the urban cities to be polluted because people are not aware of the damage they cause and people keep throwing trash everywhere.

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By: Sandra Bustamante 

There had been strategies for reducing ecological problems in Egypt for example:

1.Increase environmental awareness of the population, industry & government through communication, and launching massive media and educational programs that reach at least 10 million Egyptians.

2.To work with the legislative & governmental agencies to develop rational & achievable standards and laws.

3.To work with all interested agencies and organizations to develop a national environmental management system that includes monitoring, law enforcement and taking corrective measures.

4.To ban deleterious environmental practices and material (pesticide & herbicides, leaded gasoline, use of BCPs and CFCs). To substitute with more environmentally friendly substances and practices. To ban aerial spraying of pesticides.

5.To develop incentive, and assistance programs to help the industries and service providers to reduce pollution and become more environmentally friendly.

6.To develop strategies and laws to protect productive surfaces like agricultural land and water by water treatment and waste handling & treatment.

7.To improve air quality in the cities by increasing the number of trees and vegetation inside and around them.

8.To reduce public health risks by developing programs to manage the health risks and to implement measures and technologies to reduce toxic chemicals in air, water &soil.

9.To make Environment as a mandatory subject in school for 9 years.

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Samwa Plant

By: Oscar Olivas 

Since the dawn of time plants have been used in treating many illnesses. The ancient Egyptians are known to have used plant in most of their everyday life. Many of these plants can be found in Sinai, such as the Samwa plant. Having only been discovered in 1980 the Samwa is bush like shrub that has pale flower and yellowish green leaves. Their leaves are oval in shape and covered in prickly hairs that end in oily glands. Samwa secrete chemicals that soften the rock or ground, enabling their roots to reach the dampness below. Found only-in low coastal areas, Samwa grow from 100 to 800 meters inland were they bloom from March to May.

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By: Oscar Olivas

Palm trees are the national crop of Sinai, Egypt and just about every desert environment. Such a hardy tree that has roots reach down as far as 7 meters in search for water and reach up to 20 meters high, its seed germinate with just a drop of water. Costal palm trees thrive on the underground water that is coming from the mountains, when the flood water reaches the shoreline the sweet water sits on top of the salt water, thus watering the corp.

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Egypt's Flora

By: Oscar Olivas 

The Lotus and Papyrus were the symbols of Lower and Upper Egypt during pharaohs times and we know from the holy Koran that Egypt was famous for vegetables such as Onions, Garlic and Lentil . Now palm trees dominate the landscape. The Nile Delta and the Nile River Valley have a rich variety of trees some indigenous, some imported - including the Tamarisk, Acacia, Eucalyptus, Mimosa, Jacaranda, Cypress and Sycamore as well as a wide variety of fruit trees like Citrus, Fig , Mango. Other fruits and vegetables flourish in the fertile lands along the Nile, as well as a vivid array of flowers from the Rose Poinciana, Lotus (of course), Jasmine, Lily, Bird of Paradise and Sunflower. A multiplicity of grasses and plants grow along the Nile as well.

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Population 

The total population of Egypt according to July 2007 is 80335036, the rate of population growth is of 1.721%. The ratio of males per female is 1.017 and the literacy rate is of 71.4%.

Out of the total population, the percentage of the Egyptian is 89%, the ethnic groups conform 1% of Egypt (Nubian, Berber, Beja, Bedouin) the other part is conformed by European people mainly French and Italian origin. The nationality is Egyptian. The religion followed by Egyptians is Islam, 90% do the population is Muslim and the Coptic only occupies 10%, only a small percentage of the population is Christian.

By: Sandra Bustamante

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Camels in Egypt 

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By: Sandra Bustamante 

In Egypt, days are commonly warm or hot and the nights are cool. Egypt has only two seasons: a mild winter from November to April and a hot summer from May to October. In the costal regions, temperatures range between an average minimum of 14 C in winter an average maximum of 30 C in summer.

Temperatures vary widely in the inland desert arrears, especially in summer, they may range from 7 C to 43 C during the day, and in winter temperatures can be as low as 0 at nigh and as high as 18 C during day.

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Flag

By: Constanza Palma

The Egyptian flag is similar to the flags of Syria, Iraq, and Yemen and consists of three bands of colors from the Arab Liberation flag—red, white, and black—with the golden eagle of Saladin on the white band. On the Egyptian flag, black represents oppression, red represents the bloody struggle against oppression, and white is symbolic of a bright future.

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Egypt

By: Constanza Palma

Egypt is officially known as the Arab Republic of Egypt.

The capital city is Cairo, which also has the largest population. Other major cities include Alexandria and Giza.

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10 Fun Facts About Camels

By: Constanza Palma

1. One of the most enduring and misunderstood myths about the camel is it’s ability to go days without water. Myth tells us that the camel stores water in its hump. The truth is the hump, or humps in the case of the Bactrian camel, are a fatty deposit that provides energy when food is scarce. 2.When a camels energy reserves become low from lack of food, the hump shrinks and becomes soft and will actually flop over to one side. 

3. The camel stores water in its blood stream, an interesting physiological process. The camel has developed, over the centuries, a unique water saving biology. 4. The camel’s mouth, stomach, and teeth have all developed to allow it to eat plants that are not palatable to other desert animals. 5. They don’t chew their food. They eat by swallowing their food whole and allowing it to be partially digested by the stomachs before being chewed as a cud later. 6.Capable of losing forty percent of its body’s weight before becoming distressed, it is able to go five to seven days before having to drink.  7.The amount it drinks when water is available would cause severe problems in most animals, up to 21 gallons in about 10 minutes. 8. They have a third, clear eyelid that protects their eyes from blowing sand.They can shut their nostrils during sand storms. 

9. They can carry about 500 pounds on their backs.

10. Dromedary camels, which have one hump, and Bactrian camels, which have two humps.

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By: Sandra Bustamante 

Shipbuilding was known to the ancient Egyptians as early as 3000 BC. The pub knew how to assemble planks of wood into a ship hull with woven straps and reeds or greass stuffed between planks help to seal the seams. An Egyptian colonies stationed in southern Canaan produced pottery that was exported back to Egypt before the first dynasty. Also, mineralogical studies reveal the shard to be a fragment of a wine jar exported from the Nile valley to Palestine.

The oldest known expedition to the land of punt yielded a quantity of myrrh along with malachite and electrum.

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Marine Life

By: Constanza Palma

There are over 190 varieties of fish in the River Nile, the most common being the Nile bolti with coarse scales and spiny fins and the Nile perch, frequently well over 150 cm in length. Bolti are also found in Lake Nasser. Other fish include the inedible puffer fish, lungfish (which can survive in the mud when the waters recede), grey mullet and catfish which are a popular catch for domestic consumption.