This blog captures the woody plant species that ecologically benefit the planet, through air purification, soil modification, or increasing biodiversity. Acknowledging these factors allow for a diverse planting pallette suitable for use by Landscape Architects, Gardeners, and other design professions.
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Fraxinus Nigra
Common name: Black Ash
Family: Oleaceae
Native: New found land
Leaves: Opposite, compound pinnate
Size: 40′-50′ in height. Spread 20-25′
Growing Conditions: Peat soils and also sandy loams.
Leaf Color: Dark green glabrous . Pale yellow green fall color.
Hardiness Zone: 2 to 5
Benefits: This is one of one of many hardwood ashes which used for a wide range of wood working.
Source: Michael Dirr, Manual of Woody Plants
www.Wildflower.org.
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Fraxinus pennsylvanica
Common Name: Green Ash
Family: Oleaceae
Native: Nova Scotia
Leaves: Oppostive, Pinnately compound
Size: 50′- 60′ with half of that in spread.
Growing Conditions: Prefers deep rich soil moist and well drained. Full sun.
Leaf Color: shiny medium to dark green. Changes to yellow in the fall.
Hardiness Zone: 3 and 4.
Flowers: green to reddish purple in fall
Benefits: Very adaptable and have been used in street planting, however can become a nuisance due to the seedling.
Source: Michael Dirr, Manual of Woody Plants
www.Wildflower.org
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Ulmus americana
Common Name: American Elm
Family: Ulmaceae
Native: Eastern North America
Leaves: Ovate elliptic
Size: 60-80′ in height to 40-70′ in spread
Growing Conditions: Prefers deep rich soil moist and well drained. Tolerant of light shade. .
Leaf Color: dark green leaves
Hardiness Zone: 2 to 9
Flowers: NA
Benefits: This is used as a lawn or shade, or street tree. It is susceptible to the dutch elm disease.
Source: Michael Dirr, Manual of Woody Plants
http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/
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Morus alba
Common Name: White Mulberry
Family: Moraceae
Native: China
Leaves: Alternate, simple
Buds: Imbricate
Size: 30′-50′ in height with similar spread.
Growing Conditions: Prefers deep rich soil moist and well drained. Full sun.
Leaf Color: Dull yellow green to dark green in summer
Hardiness Zone: 4-9
Flowers: Polygamo-dioecious
Benefits: This tree increase birds population on a site and has wonderful foliage.
Source: Michael Dirr, Manual of Woody Plants
http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/
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Catalpa bignoniodes
Common Name: Trumpet Creeper
Family: Bignoniaceae
Native: U.S.
Leaves: Simple, opposite.
Size: 30 to 60′ with a spread 20′ 40′
Growing Conditions: Prefers deep rich soil moist and well drained. Full sun.
Leaf Color: bright green in summer
Hardiness Zone: 5 to 9
Flowers: White and purple
Benefits: Tree is tolerant of seasonal flooding and drought tolerance making this a great selection for a rain garden.
Source: Michael Dirr, Manual of Woody Plants
http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/
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Catalpa speciosa
Common Name: Western Catalpa or Northern Catalpa
Family: Bignoniaceae
Leaves: Whorled or Opposite, simple, ovate-oblong 6″-12″ long.
Buds: Terminal
Native Region: Southern U.S
Size: 40′ to 60′ height with spread of 20′-40′
Habitat/Growing Conditions: Very tolerant of many soil conditions. Prefers deep moist fertile soil.
Hardiness Zone: 4 to 8
Leaf Color: Medium green. Bright green in summer. Fall color poor yellow green to brownish.
Flower: Perfect, Corolla white, 2″ long. Tube bell shaped.
Benefits: Tree is very tolerable to extremely hot and dry conditions and there. Wood had been used for railroad ties due to there rot resistance. Can be used for parks due to it’s showiness and low lying branches allow kids to enjoy. Should not be plants next to sidewalks where fruit can fall (slippery).
Source: Michael Dirr, Manual of Woody Plants
www.arborday.org
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Fraxinus ornus
Common Name: Flowering Ash
Family:
Leaves: Opposite, pinnately compound
Buds: pubescent, grayish brown
Native Region: Europe
Size: 40′-50′ and 35-35′ spread.
Habitat/Growing Conditions: prefers moist, deep, fertile soils for best growthHardiness
Zone: 5 to 6
Leaf Color: Dull dark green and glabrous above
Flower: Creamy white, Fragrant 5″ long panicles. Yellow, purple tinged fall color.
Benefits: This tree is very adaptable and transplants easily. Provides a great park tree due to its shade, fragrance, and tolerability.
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Gleditsia triacanthos
Common Name: Honeylucust
Family: Leguminosae
Leaves: Alternate, pinnately compound 6-8″ long
Buds: Terminal- absent.
Native Region: Pennsylvania and Texas
Size: 30-70′ in height. Spread of 30-70′
Habitat/Growing Conditions: full sun. Prefer rich moist soil.
Hardiness Zone: 4 to 9.
Leaf Color: Bright green in summer, clear yellow to yellow green in fall.
Flower: Perfect and imperfect on same tree.
Benefits: Provides a good highway tree with its high salt tolerance.
Source: Michael Dirr, Manual of Woody Plants
www.arborday.org
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Gleditsia caspia
Common Name: Caspian Honeylocust
Family: Fabaceae
Leaves: Pinnately compound leaflets
Native Region: Western Asia, Iran
Size: 30-40′
Habitat/Growing Conditions: Moist well drained soil. Sun.
Hardiness Zone: 6 to 8
Leaf Color: Shade of yellow in the fall
Benefits: Seeds provides food for wildlife. While this is a smaller tree it allows for grass or garden to be produced beneath.
Source: Not much information found on this tree.
http://www.cirrusimage.com/tree_locust_caspian.htm
https://plantlust.com/plants/25515/gleditsia-caspia/
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Quercus Variabilis
Common Name: Oriental Oak
Family: Fagaceae
Leaves: Alternate and Simply
Native Region: Northern China
Size: 75′-90′ with spread of 60-70′
Habitat/Growing Conditions: Full sun, and wide range of growing conditions
Hardiness Zone: Zone 5 to 7.
Leaf Color: Glossy dark green on upper surface and underside is whitish tomentum.
Flower: Pollenous flower in drooping elongated cluster.
Benefits: Fairly large tree, that provides ample shade and can be used as street tree.
Source: Michael Dirr, Manual fo Woody Plants http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/
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Oxydendrum arboreum
Common Name: Sourwood or Lily of the Valley Tree
Family: Ericaceae
Leaves: Alternate, Simple, 3 to 8″ long
Buds: Small 1/16″ long, Conical globose
Native Region:
Size: 25′ to 30′ tall and 20′ in spread
Habitat/Growing Conditions: Moist well drained soil, Full sun or partial shade.
Hardiness Zone: Zone 5
Leaf Color: Rich green in spring, lustrous dark brown in fall.
Flower: White, perfect, urn shaped, 1/4″ long. fragrant
Benefits: Colonizes on highway embankments and is used by Bee’s to produce honey
Source: Michael Dirr, Manual of Woody PLants Arborday.org
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Acer Saccharum
Common Name: Sugar Maple, Rock Maple, Hard Maple
Family: Sapindaceaa (Maple Family)
Leaves: Opposite, simple, 3 to 6″ long and across, 3 to 5 lobed, acuminate
Buds: Terminal-imbricate.
Native Region: Moist bottomlands, rich wooded slopes.
Size: 60′ to 75′ in height. Can reach 100 to 120′. Spread is usually 2/3′s the height
Habitat/Growing Conditions: Well drained moderately moist soil. Slightly acidic soil. Sun, Part Shade, Shade.
Hardiness Zone: 4 to 8.
Leaf Color: Medium to dark green in Summer. Brilliant yellow. Burnt orange to red tones in autumn.
Flower Color: Perfect. Greenish Yellow.
Eco-Benefits: This tree provides great shade habitat for birds as well as shade, and wood resource for humans. The sap when concentrated and boiled produced maple syrup used by colonists but learned first from the indians.
Medicinal: Inner bark used to make tea to treat coughs and diarrhea. Soap made from its ashes. Sap drank as spring tonic and taking syrup for liver and kidney problems.
Source: Michael Dirr, Manual of Woody Plants Arborday.org
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Gymnocladus dioicus
Common name: Kentucky Coffeetree
Family: Legume Family
Leaves: Alternate, binnateley compound to 36″ long and 34″ wide
Buds: Terminal, Absent
Native Region: New York, PA
Size: 60′ to 75′
Habitat/Growing Conditions: Moist soil for best growth
Hardiness Zone: 3 to 8
Leaf Color: New leaves pink to purpleish changing to dark green. Dark blueish green in summer.
Flower: Dioecious, Greenish White
Benefits: Very adaptable to wide range of conditions, such as chalk (limestone), drought and city conditions.
Source: Manual of Woody Plants, Michael Dirr Arborday.org
#park tree#golf course#disease resistent#adaptable#drought tolerant#pollution tollerant#tough#toughtree
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Rhododendron prunifolium
Common Name: Plumleaf Azalea
Family: Ericaceae
Leaves: Alternate, simple, medium green leaves.
Native Region: Georgia
Size: Grows 8 to 10′
Habitat/Growing Conditions: Sandy rivenes along river banks.
Hardiness Zone: 5 to 8
Flower: Orange-red to red funnel shaped 3/4″-1″ flower.
Benefits: Often used as house plant. One of the most sought after azalalea’s due to its garden charm.
Source: Manual of Woody Plants, Michael Dirr
https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/all/rhododendron-prunifolium/
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Quercus Alba
Common Name: White Oak
Family: Fagaceae
Leaves: Alternate, simple
Buds: Imbricate
Native Region: Maine to Florida
Size: 50- 80′ in height. Can reach 100′ in wild.
Habitat/Growing Conditions: Prefers deep moist soil. Well Drained. Prefers acid soils. Full Sun.
Hardiness Zone: 3 to 9.
Leaf Color: Grayish and pinkish when unfolding. Dark green in summer. Fall: rich red to brown.
Flower: Monoecious, staminate catkins.
Benefits: Excellent tree for use in furniture or any type of woodworking. Provides ample shade but is very sensitive to soil compaction and grade changes.
Source: Manual of Woody Plants, Michael Dirr http://www.newenglandwild.org/ Arborday.org
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Staphylea trifolia
Common Name: American Bladdernut
Family: Staphleaceae
Native: Eastern U.S
Leaves: Opposite, Compound trifolate
Size: 10-15′ to 10-20′
Growing Conditions: Prefers deep rich soil moist and well drained. light shade to partial sun..
Leaf Color: Dark green leaves
Hardiness Zone: 3 to 8
Flowers: White bell shaped flowers drooping clusters.
Benefits: This tree performs well in shade and drought tolerant conditions.
Source: Michael Dirr, Manual of Woody Plants
Wildflower.org
http://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/trees/plants/bladdernut.htm
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Oxydendron Arboreum
Common Name: Sourwood
Family: Ericaceae
Native: Eastern U.S.
Leaves: oblong-lanceolate. 4-8″ long.
Size: 20′ -50 ‘ with a spread of 10-25′
Growing Conditions: Prefers deep rich soil moist and well drained. Full sun.
Leaf Color: Green with fall color crimson, purplish red and sometimes yellow in fall.
Hardiness Zone: 5 -9
Benefits: This tree had medicinal purposes. and bee’s frequent this tree to produce honey.
Source: Michael Dirr, Manual of Woody Plants
http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=a887
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