#Stateful Architecture

[some-programming-pearls]

Compare Stateful vs Stateless Architecture?

Stateful and stateless architectures are two different approaches to designing and implementing systems, each with its own characteristics and use cases. Stateful Architecture: In a stateful architecture, the server maintains the state or session information of each client or user session. The server stores information about the interaction with each client, including session data, user…

[mashkara45]

Tonight russia attacked the historic center of Odesa with ballistic missiles (again). Damaged museums, philharmonic, people’s houses. Bristol Hotel suffered the most damage. Architectural monument, built over 125 years ago, survived WWII, but not “great russian culture”. The historical site of Odesa is protected by UNESCO (as if it means something).

russia gradually destroys beautiful European city i love so much. That’s the only thing barbarians are capable of: destruction.

russia bombs Ukrainian cities daily. It targets civilians, critical infrastructure, churches and historic landmarks.

PS: There were so many explosions, my cats are horrified; every time i tried to feed them, there was another strike. One of my cats threw up because of stress.

Do you know how much time we have to get to safety during ballistic attack? 2-3 minutes (not that there were safe places to begin with: for example, in today’s attack a woman was injured while hiding in a bomb shelter).

Idk why I’m writing this, no one gives a fuck anyway.

PS2: that’s how the Bristol Hotel used to look:

[livesunique]

Weinhardt Mansion, Chicago, Illinois, United States,

Photo By: @nathanielintransit

[vintageeurope]

Riga, Latvia 1900

[moodboardmix]

Big Sur Residence, California, United States,

Courtesy: Field Architecture

[thesaurushouseofdesign]

Bass Residence, Fort Worth, Texas, United States,

The home is an extravagant white multilevel structure which can be classified as Modern architecture. 

The single-family home was designed by Paul Rudolph for Sid and Anne Bass in 1966. 

The landscape was designed by landscape architect Robert Zion. There were a total of 8 acres in the estate for which Zion was the original designer.

From 1981 to 1982 another landscape architect Russell Page worked on a redesign of the estate's grounds. 

[thesixthduke]

[gothictravelguide]

[cognitivejustice]

Solar chimneys are dark-painted shafts attached to the sides of buildings. The chimney absorbs heat, and when that hot air rises, the suction forces cooler air to ventilate through the house. Combined with other passive cooling strategies, solar chimneys can reduce indoor temperatures up to 14F.

Solar chimneys have been used for centuries in the Middle East, and started being used in the US around the 1960s, said Corey Saft, an architecture professor at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette. In 2018, Harvard’s Center for Green Buildings and Cities installed a solar chimney on its headquarters as part of retrofit aimed at making the building require almost no energy for heating, cooling, ventilation or daytime electric lighting.

[keepingitneutral]

Whidbey Puzzle Prefab,

Whidbey Island, Washington State, United States,

Courtesy: Wittman Estes

[brutalistinteriors]

Temple Hall, Southwest Missouri State University (now Missouri State), Springfield. Kivett & Myers.

[folklorespring]

Kyiv today

[reasonsforhope]

"Chicago’s 82-story Aqua Tower appears to flutter with the wind. Its unusual, undulating facade has made it one of the most unique features of Chicago’s skyline, distinct from the many right-angled glass towers that surround it.

In designing it, the architect Jeanne Gang thought not only about how humans would see it, dancing against the sky, but also how it would look to the birds who fly past. The irregularity of the building’s face allows birds to see it more clearly and avoid fatal collisions. “It’s kind of designed to work for both humans and birds,” she said.

As many as 1 billion birds in the US die in building collisions each year. And Chicago, which sits along the Mississippi Flyway, one of the four major north-south migration routes, is among the riskiest places for birds. This year, at least 1,000 birds died in one day from colliding with a single glass-covered building. In New York, which lies along the Atlantic Flyway, hundreds of species traverse the skyline and tens of thousands die each year.

As awareness grows of the dangers posed by glistening towers and bright lights, architects are starting to reimagine city skylines to design buildings that are both aesthetically daring and bird-safe.

Pictured: Chicago's Aqua Tower was designed with birds in mind.

Some are experimenting with new types of patterned or coated glass that birds can see. Others are rethinking glass towers entirely, experimenting with exteriors that use wood, concrete or steel rods. Blurring lines between the indoors and outdoors, some architects are creating green roofs and facades, inviting birds to nest within the building.

“Many people think about bird-friendly design as yet another limitation on buildings, yet another requirement,” said Dan Piselli, director of sustainability at the New York-based architecture firm FXCollaborative. “But there are so many design-forward buildings that perfectly exemplify that this doesn’t have to limit your design, your freedom.”

How modern buildings put birds in danger

For Deborah Laurel, principal in the firm Prendergast Laurel Architects, the realization came a couple of decades ago. She was up for an award for her firm’s renovation of the Staten Island Children’s Museum when the museum’s director mentioned to her that a number of birds had been crashing into the new addition. “I was horrified,” she said.

She embarked on a frenzy of research to learn more about bird collisions. After several years of investigation, she found there was little in the way of practical tips for architects, and she teamed up with the conservation group NYC Audubon, to develop a bird-safe building guide.

The issue, she discovered, was that technological and architectural advancements over the last half-century had in some ways transformed New York City – and most other US skylines and suburbs – into death traps for birds...

At certain times of day, tall glass towers almost blend into the sky. At other times, windows appear so pristinely clear that they are imperceptible to birds, who might try to fly though them. During the day, trees and greenery reflected on shiny building facades can trick birds, whereas at night, brightly lit buildings can confuse and bewilder them...

Pictured: A green roof on the Javits Convention Center serves as a sanctuary for birds.

The changes that could save avian lives

About a decade ago, Piselli’s firm worked on a half-billion-dollar renovation of New York’s Jacob K Javits Convention Center, a gleaming glass-clad space frame structure that was killing 4,000-5,000 birds a year. “The building was this black Death Star in the urban landscape,” Piselli said.

To make it more bird friendly, FXCollaborative (which was then called FXFowle) reduced the amount of glass and replaced the rest of it with fritted glass, which has a ceramic pattern baked into it. Tiny, textured dots on the glass are barely perceptible to people – but birds can see them. The fritted glass can also help reduce heat from the sun, keeping the building cooler and lowering air conditioning costs. “This became kind of the poster child for bird-friendly design in the last decade,” Piselli said.

The renovation also included a green roof, monitored by the NYC Audubon. The roof now serves as a sanctuary for several species of birds, including a colony of herring gulls. Living roofs have since become popular in New York and other major cities, in an inversion of the decades-long practice of fortifying buildings with anti-bird spikes. In the Netherlands, the facade of the World Wildlife Fund headquarters, a futuristic structure that looks like an undulating blob of mercury, contains nest boxes and spaces for birds and bats to live.

The use of fritted glass has also become more common as a way to save the birds and energy.

Earlier this year, Azadeh Omidfar Sawyer, an assistant professor in building technology in the Carnegie Mellon School of Architecture, working with student researchers, used open-source software to help designers create bespoke, bird-friendly glass patterns. A book of 50 patterns that Sawyer published recently includes intricate geometric lattices and abstract arrays of lines and blobs. “Any architect can pick up this book and choose a pattern they like, or they can customize it,” she said.

Pictured: The fritted glass used in Studio Gang’s expansion of Kresge College at the University of California, Santa Cruz, depicts the animals in the local ecosystem.

Builders have also been experimenting with UV-printed patterns, which are invisible to humans but perceptible to most birds. At night, conservationists and architects are encouraging buildings turn off lights, especially during migration season, when the bright glow of a city skyline can disorient birds.

And architects are increasingly integrating screens or grates that provide shade as well as visibility for birds. The 52-floor New York Times building, for example, uses fritted glass clad with ceramic rods. The spacing between the rods increases toward the top of the building, to give the impression that the building is dissolving into the sky.

Gang’s work has incorporated structures that can also serve as blinds for birders, or perches from which to observe nature. A theater she designed in Glencoe, Illinois, for example, is surrounded by a walking path made of a wood lattice, where visitors can feel like they’re up in the canopy of trees.

Pictured: The Writers Theatre, designed by Studio Gang, includes a walking path encased in wood lattice.

Rejecting the idea of the iridescent, entirely mirrored-glass building, “where you can’t tell the difference between the habitat and the sky”, Gang aims for the opposite. “I always tried to make the buildings more visible with light and shadow and geometry, to have more of a solid presence,” she said.

Gang has been experimenting with adding bird feeders around her own home in an effort to reduce collisions with windows, and she encourages other homeowners to do the same.

“I’ve found that birds slow down and stop at feeders instead of trying to fly through the glass,” she said.

While high-rise buildings and massive urban projects receive the most attention, homes and low-rise buildings account for most bird collision deaths. “The huge challenge is that glass is everywhere.” said Christine Sheppard, who directs the glass collisions program at the American Bird Conservancy (ABC). “It’s hard to know what I know and not cringe when I look at it.”

Tips for improving your own home include using stained glass or patterned decals that can help birds see a window, she said. ABC has compiled a list of window treatments and materials, ranked by how bird-safe they are.

Whether they’re large or small, the challenge of designing buildings that are safe for birds can be “liberating”, said Gang, who has become an avid birdwatcher and now carries a pair of binoculars on her morning jogs. “It gives you another dimension to try to imagine.”"

-via The Guardian, December 27, 2023

[livesunique]

Biltmore House, Asheville, New Carolina, United States

[moodboardmix]

Aman Residences, Amangiri,

Canyon Point, Glen Canyon National Park, Utah, United States,

Designed by Marwan Al-Sayed of Masastudio

[brguzercen]

Невидимые армии Бога мешают работе израильских солдат, и израильские солдаты кричат ​​и плачут от боли.🤔

God's invisible armies interfere with the work of the Israelite soldiers, and the Israelite soldiers scream and cry in pain.🤔

צבאותיו הבלתי נראים של אלוהים מתערבים בחיילי ישראל, וחיילי ישראל צורחים ובוכים מכאב.🤔

Gottes unsichtbare Armeen greifen die Soldaten Israels an und die Soldaten Israels schreien und weinen vor Schmerz.🤔

Les armées invisibles de Dieu attaquent les soldats d’Israël, et les soldats d’Israël crient et pleurent de douleur.🤔

تهاجم جيوش الله غير المرئية جنود بني إسرائيل، فيبكي جنود إسرائيل ويصرخون من الألم.🤔

Les armées invisibles de Dieu attaquent les soldats israélites, et les soldats israélites crient et hurlent de douleur.🤔

Tanrı'nın görünmez orduları İsrail askerlerine saldırıyor ve İsrail askerleri acı içinde çığlık atıyor ve ağlıyor🤔

神の目に見えない軍隊がイスラエルの兵士たちを攻撃し、彼らは苦痛で叫び泣き叫ぶ🤔

하나님의 보이지 않는 군대가 이스라엘 군인들을 공격하자, 그들은 고통스럽게 비명을 지르고 울부짖었습니다.🤔