#redundant CPUs and power modules

[messungauto]

How NX-ERA Premium PLCs Revolutionise Textile Singeing Operations

Quality has always held a high priority in the vast and ever-evolving domain of textile manufacturing, as even a single misstep in production can lead to cascading effects, starting from product rejection, leading up to brand loss and compromised customer trust. To ensure a consistent quality in textile finishing, singeing is among the first and most critical steps in the procedure. It is a seemingly sensitive operation where surface fibres are removed using gas flames.

While it may not receive the spotlight like dyeing or printing, singeing lays the foundation for almost everything that follows. It ensures that your fabric output is smooth, clean, and primed for perfection. And in this era of fast fashion, global exports, and digitised factories, managing this process with old-school tools and controls won’t simply suffice.

This is where we at Messung Industrial Automation come in. Our NX-ERA Premium PLCs are a game-changing solution that doesn’t just automate singeing but also redefines how precision, speed, safety, and intelligence come together.

Let’s explore the heart of singeing operations and discover how this Programmable Logic Controller is igniting a silent yet mighty revolution in the textile industry.

Textile Singeing: The First Touch of Refinement

Singeing is a thermal pre-treatment process where the surface fuzz or the protruding fibres on a fabric are burnt off using a controlled gas flame. This eliminates any loose threads or lint that could interfere with the dye penetration or printing clarity.

However, its benefits extend far beyond just aesthetics. They include:

Improved dye absorption and print sharpness

Premium feel through smoother fabric texture

Enhanced garment durability with reduced pilling

Less linting, critical for cleanroom or medical textiles

Compliance with international quality standards, especially in exports

When done right, singeing transforms a raw textile material into a high-value product which is ready for further treatment.

The Complexity Behind

At first glance, singeing might appear as a very straightforward flame treatment, but in practice, it is a process that juggles multiple moving parts with split-second precision. The variables in play are:

Controlling flame intensity and width based on the fabric type and speed.

Tightly monitoring the temperature to avoid scorching

Fabric speed impacts flame exposure time and must be regulated in sync with the burners

Safety systems must be in place to detect flame irregularities, gas leaks, and other emergencies

Include flexibility and minimal downtime for smooth process changeovers.

Due to all these variables, traditional relay-based systems or low-end PLC control systems often fall short, lacking the finesse, feedback loops, or integration capabilities required for modern singeing lines.

The Rise of NX-ERA Premium PLCs by Messung

Recognising the gap between process needs and available automation tools, we at Messung designed NX-ERA Premium PLCs, a high-speed, modular PLC system that is tailored for demanding applications like singeing.

What makes it “Premium”?

The reasons include:

Advanced CPU with nanosecond-level scan cycles

Real-time analogue and digital input processing

Built-in PID loops for fine-tuned temperature control

Modbus TCP/IP and other industrial protocols for easy integration

SCADA-ready architecture for centralised visibility and remote access

Modular I/O scalability for future expansion

This makes NX-ERA not just another PLC controller, but a smart, robust platform designed to thrive even in high-heat and high-stakes environments like those of textile factories.

How NX-ERA Powers Every Element of Singeing

Let’s break down how this industrial automation PLC transforms every aspect of the singeing line.

Flame Control: Precision like never before

At the heart of singeing is the burner, and controlling its intensity, width, and modulation in real time is where our NX-ERA shines.

Analogue inputs from flame sensors feed data directly to the PLC

PID Loops automatically adjust the burner valves

Real-time modulation ensures uniform heat distribution

Result? Consistent singeing with no under- or overt treated sections.

Temperature Monitoring: Accuracy that protects

Using feedback from pyrometers or infrared sensors, NX-ERA maintains a tight grip on the burner zone temperature.

Avoids fabric scorching by reacting to even minor spikes

Keeps flames within the desired thermal envelope

Enhances burner efficiency by reducing unnecessary gas usage 

This level of temperature control is mission-critical for fine or synthetic fabrics

Fabric Speed Synchronisation: Seamless flow control

Singeing isn’t just about the fire; it is also about the timing. NX-ERA synchronises:

Drive Motors

Rollers

Tension Sensors

This helps in regulating the fabric speed precisely. Whether it is a slow-moving wool or a high-speed polyester line, speed and flame remain in perfect harmony.

Built-in Safety: Because lives are on the line

Working with gas burners has its risks. Therefore, to immediately halt the operations in case of abnormal conditions, NX-ERA integrates:

Flame detectors

Gas leak sensors

Emergency shutdown circuits

With redundant CPUs and power modules, the system ensures zero single-point failures, maximising safety for both the operators and the assets.

Process Optimisation: recipe for automation intelligence

Different fabrics have different treatment parameters. NX-ERA stores fabric-specific recipes that easily control:

Flame profile

Flame speed

Temperature setpoints

Operators can switch recipes with a single command, slashing changeover time and reducing manual errors.

Unified Control with SCADA Integration

The second most important thing in modern textile manufacturing is visibility. Our NX-ERA Premium PLC seamlessly integrates with SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems, transforming traditional singeing operations into fully observable, data-driven ecosystems. This fusion empowers plant managers, process engineers, and quality heads with an unprecedented ability to monitor, analyse, and optimise operations, both in real-time and retrospectively.

Here is how this synergy delivers control and clarity:

Live dashboards showing temperatures, speeds, and flame status

Historical data logs for ISO and export audits

Alarm and fault management with timestamps

Remote troubleshooting for multi-site operations

No more guesswork. Just insight-driven control.

All this precision allows for a process control that empowers smarter and faster decision-making across the board.

Tangible Benefits for Textile Businesses

Switching to NX-ERA is a leap in operational intelligence and profitability in the segment of automation segment. Here’s how your textile businesses directly benefit from this advanced PLC automation platform:

Improved Product Quality: By maintaining precise control over flame exposure and fabric speed, NX-ERA ensures singeing consistency across the entire fabric width. This leads to smoother, cleaner surfaces, superior dye penetration, and flawless prints.

Greater Efficiency: Automated control means fewer manual adjustments, faster recipe changeovers, and minimal production interruptions. That translates to shorter cycle times, maximised uptime, and increased throughput, especially critical in high-volume manufacturing environments.

Lower Rejections and Waste: Over-singeing, scorching, or uneven treatment can ruin entire fabric batches. NX-ERA’s precision-driven system minimises these risks, reducing rejections and conserving raw materials—ultimately saving both time and cost.

Enhanced Operator Safety: With built-in safety interlocks, flame detectors, and emergency shutdown protocols, NX-ERA proactively safeguards both personnel and equipment. Safety becomes predictive, not reactive.

Lower Energy and Maintenance Costs: The system fine-tunes burner performance based on real-time feedback, ensuring optimal energy usage. At the same time, it flags maintenance needs before breakdowns occur, driving down utility bills and unplanned service disruptions.

All these benefits help your products stand out in competitive export markets.

The NX-ERA Edge Over Conventional PLCs

Basic PLCs were built for basic logic, and that’s where they stop. Today’s singeing machines demand more. Here’s where NX-ERA stands apart:

Conventional PLC Limitations:

Limited scalability for complex I/O or multi-sensor integration

Poor compatibility with SCADA or MES platforms

No redundancy, leading to system crashes or halts

Inadequate processing speed for real-time adjustments

NX-ERA Delivers:

Lightning-fast logic execution for tight control over process parameters

Redundant CPU and power modules for uninterrupted operation

Modular PLC architecture for scalable, plug-and-play expansion

Open protocol support, including Modbus TCP/IP, for seamless integration with legacy and modern systems

Whether you're building a new plant or retrofitting older machinery, NX-ERA adapts effortlessly, making it a smart, long-term investment.

Conclusion: The Edge That Sets You Apart

In a market where margins are tight and expectations are sky-high, singeing can no longer be left to chance. It’s the beginning of quality. And with NX-ERA Premium PLCs, it becomes the beginning of excellence.

From smarter flame control and temperature precision to SCADA visibility and Industry 4.0 integration, NX-ERA empowers textile mills to think big, act fast, and stay ahead.

Because in the world of textiles, smooth starts lead to flawless finishes.

FAQs

What is a PLC, and how does it benefit textile operations?

A PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) is an industrial computer that automates control processes. In textile mills, it ensures consistent quality and operational safety across processes like singeing, dyeing, and finishing.

How do PID controllers improve singeing quality?

PID controllers maintain optimal burner temperature by continuously adjusting based on feedback. This prevents overheating or under singeing, resulting in uniform treatment.

Is NX-ERA Premium suitable for legacy machines?

Yes, its modular PLC architecture allows easy integration with older systems, enabling modernisation without a complete overhaul.

Can NX-ERA integrate with existing SCADA systems?

Absolutely. With Modbus and other standard protocols, NX-ERA seamlessly connects with your existing SCADA setup for real-time control and data analysis.

What makes NX-ERA a future-proof choice for Industry 4.0?

Its ability to connect with cloud systems, support for remote diagnostics, predictive maintenance, and readiness for AI make it a robust, future-proof choice for any smart textile factory.

[dorleco]

Drive-by-wire design

Introduction

The automotive industry has seen a significant transition in recent decades from mechanical linkages (cables, rods, and hydraulics) to Drive-by-wire design. Drive-by-wire design, which was initially influenced by aerospace fly-by-wire controls, uses sensors, actuators, and electronic control units (ECUs) in place of physical mechanical links to control steering, braking, throttle, and gear selection. Accuracy, fuel economy, modularity, and compatibility with advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and autonomous driving platforms are all enhanced by this. Modern electric vehicles (EVs) and next-generation mobility solutions now depend heavily on DbW.

1. Key System Components in a Drive-by-wire design

• Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) & Feedback Loop

It continuously keeps track of the actuator’s actual position. As a result, this closed-loop feedback enhances both precision and safety.

• ECU or Vehicle Control Unit (VCU)

serves as the brain of the system, executing control laws, combining inputs from many systems, maintaining fault-tolerant behavior, and translating APP input into safe actuator orders.

• Actuators for steering, brakes, and throttle

The actual mechanical movement (steering gear, brake callipers, throttle valve) is powered by these electromechanical or electro-hydraulic motors. Instead of wires or hydraulics, electronic signals are used to connect them.

• Networks & Communication Buses

Data interchange is primarily handled by CAN, CAN-FD, or Flex CAN networks. Meanwhile, functional safety procedures — aligned with ISO 26262 ASIL-D standards — ensure fault detection and system redundancy.

• Haptic feedback devices and sensors

In order to improve driver confidence and realism, haptic feedback mimics physical resistance or road feel for the throttle or steering while sensors track driver actions and system status.

2. New Developments in the Industry (2023–Mid-2025)

Bosch finished a real-world field test of a hydraulic brake-by-wire system in the Arctic Circle in January 2025. The system operated without mechanical brake linkages for 3,300 kilometres, proving its dependability even in harsh conditions and opening the door for production by 2030.

A new steer-by-wire technology targeted for light commercial vehicles and even high-performance supercars was launched by UK-based Titan in September 2023, indicating broader use beyond EVs.

A further indication of expanding cross-industry collaborations was the 2023 partnership between Kongsberg Automotive and Chasis Autonomy SBA AB to expedite the development of steer-by-wire and brake-by-wire modules.

At a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of roughly 6.4%, the global DbW market is projected to reach USD 24.2 billion in 2024 and USD 42.3 billion by 2033. According to alternative analysts, the range of $30–41 billion by 2030 depends on methods and scope.

3. Creating a Secure and Dependable Drive-By-Wire System

A. Safety and Redundancy in Function

Systems must adhere to ISO 26262 ASIL-D specifications.

Two sensors (or triple redundancy), two actuators with independent power sources, lock-step CPUs, or modular fail-over architectures are examples of redundancy techniques.

Failure modes are identified using fault detection and isolation (FDI) logic, which also initiates degraded-mode or safe stop behaviour. Advanced FDI approaches in fail-safe steer-by-wire systems have been studied.

B. Measures for Cybersecurity

AE 21434 and UN ECE Regs 155–157 now require manufacturers to implement encryption and strong authentication across vehicle ECUs. To prevent tampering or compromise of crucial systems like steering or throttle control, organizations must adhere to standards such as ISO/S.

C. Interface between Humans and Machines (HMI)

To lessen driver disconnection, designers incorporate haptic input, steering ratio adjustment, and three throttle map settings (Comfort, Sport, and Eco). As a result, this restores a sense of personal preference and bodily control.

D. Architecture of Power Supplies

A single power outage does not result in complete loss of control since high dependability necessitates multi-voltage power rails or backup sources (such as a high-voltage battery + 48-volt system).

E. ADAS & Autonomous Features Integration

Driver-assist technologies such as autonomous control stacks, adaptive cruise, lane-keeping, and traction/stability control must all work in unison with DbW architecture; For conduct to be safe and seamless, coordination is essential.

4. Benefits Re-examined (with New Perspectives)

✔ Control & Precision

In today’s vehicles, cutting-edge EV performance and aggressive ADAS response rely heavily on ultra-precise, low-latency control over the throttle, steering, and brakes. To enable such precision, modern ECUs integrate adaptive algorithms. As a result, they deliver the high level of responsiveness and accuracy essential for advanced vehicle dynamics and safety.

✔ Efficiency & Fuel Economy

By reducing weight, mechanical component removal improves EV range or hybrid/ICE vehicles’ fuel efficiency. According to one study, lighter vehicle platforms can save up to 10% on fuel use.

✔ Flexibility & System Integration

As a result of unified electronic control, adaptability across driving modes, software updates, and recalibration becomes easier. Consequently, OEMs can tailor the user experience to match individual driver preferences or specific vehicle segments.

✔ Autonomous Driving Enabler

✔ Market and Regulatory Momentum

Government EV subsidies, stricter pollution regulations, and safety standards (such as the EU’s Vision Zero) all encourage further DbW usage.

5. Persistent Issues & How Designers Handle Them

⚠ Dependability and Error Tolerance

Systems that rely solely on electronics run the danger of failing. Engineers use real-time self-tests, redundant sensors and actuators, and safe fallback modes (such as reduced torque and limp home steering) to address this.

⚠ Security Flaws in Cyberspace

To effectively restore trust and enhance cybersecurity in modern vehicles, manufacturers must implement encrypted and signed firmware, utilize safe ECUs, deploy strong intrusion detection systems, and, moreover, ensure compliance with standards such as ISO/SAE 21434 and UN regulations.

⚠ Discomfort or Disconnection of the Driver

Configurable reaction curves and haptic feedback systems, in turn, help offset the loss of ‘mechanical feel.’ Consequently, designing with human factors in mind becomes crucial to ensure a responsive and intuitive user experience.

⚠ Expensive and complex development

The transition to electronic architectures raises upfront R&D costs and necessitates specialized tools and certified vendors. Nonetheless, modular designs and declining hardware cost curves are gradually lowering the overall cost.

⚠ Aftermarket Limitations & Compatibility

Compared to mechanical systems, DbW systems are more difficult to upgrade or change because of integrated software control and certification obstacles; aftermarket tuning is also less supported.

⚠ Aspects of Sustainability and the Environment

Manufacturers frequently use rare earth elements in electronic components. Therefore, to reduce their environmental impact, OEMs must adopt sustainable sourcing practices and implement effective e-waste recycling procedures.

6. Drive-By-Wire Design: Best Practices & Blueprints

A strong Drive-by-wire design procedure could consist of:

1. Conditions Define the functional requirements, including redundancy, modes, safety levels, and response time.

2. Architecture Design: Choose sensors and actuators; provide fail-safe procedures and communication topology.

3. Control Strategy Development: Create haptic feedback profiles, mapping tables (throttle vs. pedal), and control rules.

4. Safety Engineering: Establish FDI algorithms, redundancy, and safe-state logic, as well as Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment (HARA).

5. Cybersecurity Architecture: Create secure boot, secure update, and intrusion detection modules; integrate encryption and authentication.

6. Control behavior under normal conditions, faults, worst-case latency, and sensor errors can all be simulated and modeled.

7. Real-time verification using real hardware components is known as hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing.

8. Field testing involves actual vehicle trials, such as long-distance driving, vibration, and extremely high or low temperatures (e.g. Bosch Arctic brake by-wire trials).

9. Verify compliance with cybersecurity requirements, ISO 26262, and UN-ECE regulations.

7. Case Snapshots

Bosch’s Brake-by-Wire Arctic Trial (January 2025) showed practical safety design and real-world dependability across 3,300 kilometres of polar conditions without the need for pedal linkage.

A versatile steer-by-wire technology aimed at light commercial vehicles and even supercars, Titan’s Steer-by-Wire Platform (2023) suggests a wider range of commercial applications beyond EV show cars.

A key example of how emerging alliances are accelerating development and reducing time-to-market for steer-by-wire and brake-by-wire modules is the collaboration between Kongsberg and Chassis Autonomy. As a result, this partnership clearly demonstrates how strategic cooperation drives innovation and expedites commercialization.

The Tesla Cyber truck, as reported by users in 2025, utilizes dual redundant steering motors powered by separate 48 V and high-voltage batteries. Moreover, it incorporates triple-redundant sensors, thereby ensuring fail-safe behaviour even in the event of two sensor failures.

Conclusion

With its unparalleled precision, efficiency, and system integration, Drive-By-Wire technology is a game-changer in vehicle design. DbW is quickly developing into a key component of contemporary vehicle control architecture thanks to its shown real-world validation (such as Bosch’s Arctic braking testing) and growing adoption in EV platforms, autonomous prototypes, and even supercars.

However, adoption necessitates strict cybersecurity compliance, driver-centric design, environmental stewardship, and safety engineering. Drive-by-wire design systems will continue to become more dependable, accessible, and extensively used as OEMs and suppliers tackle these issues through collaborations, advanced redundancy, standards alignment, and user feedback.

Want to know more? Attend our Boot Camp on Drive-By-Wire Controls through Dorleco. In order to prepare you to innovate in the future generation of automobile control systems, you will gain practical experience creating and fine-tuning VCUs, CAN displays, CAN keypad interfaces, throttle/steering actuator modules, and EV software Services and Engineering Staffing Services.

[jenniferphilop0420]

How to Ensure 24/7 Uptime in Cryptocurrency Exchange Development

Cryptocurrency exchanges operate in a high-stakes environment where even a few minutes of downtime can result in significant financial losses, security vulnerabilities, and loss of customer trust. Ensuring 24/7 uptime in cryptocurrency exchange development requires a combination of advanced infrastructure, strategic planning, security measures, and continuous monitoring. This guide explores the best practices and technologies to achieve maximum uptime and ensure seamless operations.

1. Choosing the Right Infrastructure

The backbone of any high-availability exchange is its infrastructure. Consider the following:

1.1 Cloud-Based Solutions vs. On-Premises Hosting

Cloud-based solutions: Scalable, reliable, and backed by industry leaders such as AWS, Google Cloud, and Microsoft Azure.

On-premises hosting: Offers more control but requires extensive maintenance and security protocols.

1.2 High Availability Architecture

Load balancing: Distributes traffic across multiple servers to prevent overload.

Redundant servers: Ensures backup servers take over in case of failure.

Content Delivery Networks (CDNs): Improve response times by caching content globally.

2. Implementing Failover Mechanisms

2.1 Database Redundancy

Use Primary-Replica architecture to maintain real-time backups.

Implement automatic failover mechanisms for instant switching in case of database failure.

2.2 Active-Passive and Active-Active Systems

Active-Passive: One server remains on standby and takes over during failures.

Active-Active: Multiple servers actively handle traffic, ensuring zero downtime.

3. Ensuring Network Resilience

3.1 Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) Protection

Implement DDoS mitigation services like Cloudflare or Akamai.

Use rate limiting and traffic filtering to prevent malicious attacks.

3.2 Multiple Data Centers

Distribute workload across geographically dispersed data centers.

Use automated geo-routing to shift traffic in case of regional outages.

4. Continuous Monitoring and Automated Alerts

4.1 Real-Time Monitoring Tools

Use Nagios, Zabbix, or Prometheus to monitor server health.

Implement AI-driven anomaly detection for proactive issue resolution.

4.2 Automated Incident Response

Develop automated scripts to resolve common issues.

Use chatbots and AI-powered alerts for instant notifications.

5. Regular Maintenance and Software Updates

5.1 Scheduled Maintenance Windows

Plan updates during non-peak hours.

Use rolling updates to avoid complete downtime.

5.2 Security Patching

Implement automated patch management to fix vulnerabilities without disrupting service.

6. Advanced Security Measures

6.1 Multi-Layer Authentication

Use 2FA (Two-Factor Authentication) for secure logins.

Implement hardware security modules (HSMs) for cryptographic security.

6.2 Cold and Hot Wallet Management

Use cold wallets for long-term storage and hot wallets for active trading.

Implement multi-signature authorization for withdrawals.

7. Scalability Planning

7.1 Vertical vs. Horizontal Scaling

Vertical Scaling: Upgrading individual server components (RAM, CPU).

Horizontal Scaling: Adding more servers to distribute load.

7.2 Microservices Architecture

Decouple services for independent scaling.

Use containerization (Docker, Kubernetes) for efficient resource management.

8. Compliance and Regulatory Requirements

8.1 Adherence to Global Standards

Ensure compliance with AML (Anti-Money Laundering) and KYC (Know Your Customer) policies.

Follow GDPR and PCI DSS standards for data protection.

8.2 Audit and Penetration Testing

Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing to identify vulnerabilities.

Implement bug bounty programs to involve ethical hackers in security improvements.

Conclusion

Achieving 24/7 uptime in cryptocurrency exchange development requires a comprehensive approach involving robust infrastructure, failover mechanisms, continuous monitoring, and security best practices. By integrating these strategies, exchanges can ensure reliability, security, and customer trust in a highly competitive and fast-evolving market.

[hkxytech]

Honeywell 2MLR-CPUH/S-CC Power Module

Honeywell 2MLR-CPUH/S-CC Power Module, MAX I/O 23, 808 PTS. REDUNDANT CPU FO(SM)Model: 2MLR-CPUH/S-CCCategories: Modular ControllersBrand: Honeywell

[immarkrctso]

Hello everyone! I will be telling you what are the use of Cloud Computing, Software, Internet Browsers, Hardware, Transactions, Communications Technology, Digital data, and Internet access and what are these. For me, All of these are important for us nowadays because it helps us to improve every single day and these software have vital rules in our daily to day routine as it makes our life easier. Cloud computing is a technology that allows users to access computing resources (such as servers, storage, databases, networks, software) over the Internet, usually through a service provider. Instead of owning and maintaining physical infrastructure, users can access these resources by sharing them.

The main uses of cloud services are as follows:

1. Scalability: Easily scale resources up or down on demand, providing business flexibility.

2. Cost Effectiveness: Users pay for the resources they use, reducing the need to make upfront investments in hardware and infrastructure.

3. Accessibility: Access data and applications anywhere there is an internet connection, promoting collaboration and remote work.

4. Reliability: Cloud providers often offer high levels of redundancy and reliability that minimize downtime.

5. Data Storage and Backup: Cloud storage allows users to store and save data, ensuring data durability and availability.

6. Development and Testing: Developers can quickly provision and remove resources for testing and development.

7. Big Data Analytics: Cloud environments provide the computing power and storage needed to process and analyze large amounts of data.

8. Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence: Cloud services provide the computing power needed to train and deploy machine learning models.

Cloud computing provides an overall flexible and cost-effective approach to managing IT infrastructure and services.

Software refers to a set of instructions that enable a computer to perform certain actions or functions. This includes programs, scripts, and other executable files that control the operation of hardware components. Software is required for various purposes, such as executing applications, managing system processes, and facilitating user interactions with computers and devices. For example, operating systems, word processors, browsers and games. In general, software plays a key role in the functionality and usability of computer systems.

An internet browser, or web browser, is a software application that allows users to access and navigate the World Wide Web. It interprets HTML code, displays web pages, and enables users to interact with online content by clicking links, filling forms, and more. Popular examples include Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge.

Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer or electronic device. It includes tangible items such as the central processing unit (CPU), memory modules, storage devices (like hard drives or SSDs), graphics cards, motherboards, and input/output peripherals (keyboard, mouse, monitor). Hardware is distinct from software, which comprises the programs and applications that run on the hardware.

A transaction is a process or event where goods, services, money, or information is exchanged between two or more parties. In the context of finance, it often refers to the transfer of funds or assets between accounts.

Transactions serve several important purposes in various fields:

Communication technology refers to the various tools, systems and techniques used to send, receive and process information. This includes devices such as smartphones, computers and network infrastructure such as the internet, satellites and wireless communication systems. It plays an important role in facilitating the exchange of information, audio and multimedia across different media and distances.

Digital data refers to information that is represented in a numerical form, typically as binary code (combinations of 0s and 1s). It can represent various types of content such as text, images, audio, and video. Digital data is the foundation of computer systems and electronic devices, enabling storage, processing, and transmission of information in a digital format.

Internet access refers to the ability to connect to the global network of interconnected computers and access the resources and services available on the internet. This connection can be established through various means, including wired technologies such as broadband (DSL, cable) or optical fiber, as well as wireless technologies like Wi-Fi, cellular networks, and satellite connections. Internet access allows users to browse websites, communicate through email and messaging, stream media, and utilize various online services.

[asteamtechnosolutions]

Allen Bradley PLC Hardware Safety Features

Allen Bradley PLCs are known for their robust hardware safety features that ensure safe and reliable operation in industrial applications. These safety features include redundant power inputs, built-in fault detection, redundant CPUs, safety I/O modules, and SIL 3 certification.

✅Website :-https://asteamtechno.com/

✅contact us :- +919537840404

✅Email :- contact@asteamtechno.com

[messungauto]

Future-Proof Building Operations with NX-ERA Premium PLC Redundant Systems

In the domain of intelligent infrastructure, building intelligence is no longer a privilege but has become a requirement. Modern buildings, be it skyscraper business complexes, advanced healthcare institutions, or high-end hospitality centres function as living, breathing ecosystems. These types of buildings heavily depend on a Building Management System (BMS) to regulate HVAC, lighting, elevators, energy, and security systems.

Yet a single failure within the control system will bring these systems to a grinding halt, leading to operational disruption, safety hazard, tenant dissatisfaction, and regulatory non-compliance. This is where Messung's NX-ERA Premium PLC Redundant Systems, our state-of-the-art control solution for future-proofed infrastructure, come into play with their reliability, accuracy, and scalability.

Let us explore how NX-ERA provides intelligence, continuity, and scalability to your buildings through this blog. 

The Evolution of Building Control Systems

Traditional relay-based control panels were able to handle building services in the past. Nowadays, buildings are far more advanced. Real-time data, multi-zone control, preventative maintenance, energy optimisation, and safety systems all require more intelligence.

Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) are the cornerstones of such a revolution. Although not all PLCs are alike.

The NX-ERA Premium PLC transforms building automation with a fail-safe, redundant design architecture that maintains your operations no matter what, and scales beautifully with your growing infrastructure.

Why Choose NX-ERA Premium PLCs?

Our NX-ERA platform is more than a PLC; it is an architecture that enables smart building management with unparalleled reliability.

Key Features:

Redundant Architecture: Two CPUs, two power supplies, and two communications modules offer zero downtime.

High-Speed Data Processing: Facilitates prompt decision-making between various sub-systems.

Remote Access PLC: Control, monitor, and troubleshoot anywhere.

Modular PLC Design: Flexible and scalable to project size and future requirements.

Intelligent PLC Capabilities: Sophisticated analytics, alarms, and diagnostics.

Built-in SCADA Integration: Integrated central control and visibility of the whole facility.

We have designed NX-ERA for round-the-clock use in the most demanding scenarios, starting from hospitals and IT parks to shopping malls and industrial clusters.

Application-Centric Design for Mission-Critical Infrastructure

In today's high-performance buildings, every system, air conditioning, lighting, fire detection, or security, has an important function to provide comfort, safety, and efficiency. Our NX-ERA Premium PLC is designed keeping this in mind. It is specifically made for use in mission-critical environments and allows for precise, continuous control of all major building services.

1.HVAC & Climate Control - NX-ERA provides advanced control of HVAC systems, controlling air conditioning, humidity, and ventilation with multi-zone precision. With open sensor integration, it provides condition-based automation, modulating airflow, temperature, and filtration in real time. This provides maximised indoor air quality and major energy savings, particularly in variable-occupancy buildings.

2. Lighting Automation - From programmed schedules to daylight-responsive dimming, NX-ERA regulates lighting between corridors and floors. It allows daylight harvesting by adjusting artificial lighting based on ambient conditions, saving energy without sacrificing occupant comfort. Smart lighting control also minimises operating costs and maximises fixture life.

3. Fire and Life Safety Systems - As a Safety PLC certified to operate, NX-ERA provides life-critical system support. It integrates with fire alarms, smoke detectors, and smoke extraction fans safely and reliably, with a timely response in case of emergencies. Redundant architecture ensures system availability even in the event of component failure.

4. Security & Access Control - NX-ERA controls security functions such as CCTV feeds, access readers, intruder alarms, and emergency lockdowns. It is fault-tolerant for access control and surveillance, even in the case of faults, with its dual-CPU design. Third-party system support provides seamless and scalable integration.

NX-ERA brings precision, resilience, and intelligent automation to every corner of your infrastructure, ensuring your building operates flawlessly, around the clock.

Constructing a Strong Framework with Redundant Design

NX-ERA’s architecture is designed around fail-safe principles:

Redundant CPUs are in hot standby, providing instant takeover if the primary CPU fails.

Duplicate Power Supplies provide a continuous power supply, avoiding shutdowns caused by voltage instability or failure.

Dual Communication Modules remove the threat of being disconnected from field devices or SCADA.

Programmable Logic Controllers provide deterministic behaviour and quick response times for real-time control.

This is the level of redundancy that must ensure the PLC Control Systems are single-point failure-proof and properly compliant with safety standards.

Smooth Integration with Building Ecosystems

NX-ERA is specifically designed for comprehensive, integrated control of building operations. Interoperability is its basis.

Native MODBUS TCP/IP communication for easy integration with third-party devices such as energy meters, smart sensors, HVAC devices, lighting panels, and fire safety devices.

It aggregates independent systems onto a single SCADA dashboard, providing a live view of all building services operating.

Remote diagnostics and centralised control enable facility managers to observe, investigate, and react to inefficiencies or faults from a central command centre—or any other location with secure access.

NX-ERA also supports seamless interaction with modern IoT systems like occupancy analytics, air quality monitoring, and asset tracking, making conventional buildings responsive, adaptive spaces.

Whether you are installing new infrastructure or expanding existing installations, NX-ERA keeps your architecture flexible, networked, and future-proof.

Real-Time Intelligence for Smarter Facilities

NX-ERA is not just a control system—it's a smart decision-making platform. Its data-driven performance offers real-time insights that raise operational effectiveness:

Offers high-resolution data logs for all parameters—temperature, voltage, energy consumption, etc.

Fully integrated with Energy Management Systems, supporting predictive load balancing, peak demand management, and actionable energy intelligence.

Generates predictive alerts for anomalies such as HVAC inefficiencies, equipment fatigue, or sensor deviations, helping prevent breakdowns before they occur.

Stores complete, tamper-proof logs that support regulatory audits and compliance with ISO standards, LEED guidelines, and other sustainability certifications.

With NX-ERA, facility managers can depart from reactive repair towards proactive, data-driven facility management.

Built to Scale, Built to Last

Growth and sustainability are the major pillars of the existence of any building. NX-ERA guarantees your automation system grows with your building while meeting environmental goals:

Modular structure allows you to add I/O points, add new subsystems, or accommodate newer technologies without redesigning the system.

Fully supports IoT-enabled smart metering, leak detection for water, predictive HVAC control, and occupancy analytics.

Facilitates LEED and green building certifications by maintaining constant energy audits, performance benchmarking, and real-time carbon footprint tracking.

Perfectly complements digital transformation initiatives, setting the stage for cloud analytics, AI, and automation-ready.

NX-ERA is your control companion, not just for today’s needs, but for tomorrow’s smart infrastructure vision.

Messung: Reliable Across Industries

For more than four decades, Messung has spearheaded India's industrial automation process with high-performance, dependable PLC solutions. NX-ERA Premium PLC is used in a broad range of mission-critical industries:

Data centres need constant uptime and exact environmental control.

Hospitals where life-saving equipment has to work without any failure.

Office towers with intricate lighting, HVAC, and elevator systems.

Residential high-rise buildings require energy efficiency and safety.

Plant operations where lost time equates to high operating costs.

Every NX-ERA deployment is backed by thorough testing, sophisticated lifecycle support, and intimate customer knowledge to deliver performance with confidence.

When to Upgrade to NX-ERA

Use NX-ERA if:

Your business requires no interruption of business.

You are grappling with legacy PLC failures or integration issues.

You're targeting PLC Automation for mission-critical sub-systems.

You need audit-quality logs to achieve ISO or LEED certification.

You're growing and require Remote Access PLC functionality.

NX-ERA is designed to fulfil your current requirements and long-term ambitions.

Conclusion: Join Messung for Uninterrupted Brilliance

In a world where building systems are designed to work flawlessly, learn intelligently, and expand seamlessly, your automation partner can be the difference-maker. At Messung Industrial Automation, we realise that infrastructure today requires more than control; it demands resilience, precision, and vision.

Our NX-ERA Premium PLC Redundant Systems reflect these principles. Not only do they provide fault-tolerant automation, but they also provide a complete platform for smart building management, enabling your infrastructure to react in real time, recover immediately, and adapt continuously.

Whether your business is a hospital, data centre, office complex, or intelligent residential complex, NX-ERA is your command centre that makes you never miss a beat.

Let's redefine what's possible, together.

Contact Messung Industrial Automation to see how NX-ERA can future-proof your plant with zero downtime, maximum intelligence, and permanent peace of mind.

Select NX-ERA. Select uninterrupted brilliance.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Why would NX-ERA Premium PLCs be ideal for mission-critical buildings?

NX-ERA Premium PLCs are designed with two CPUs, power supplies, and communications modules, which render them zero downtime in case of failure. They are ideal for units where continuous operation is crucial, including hospitals, data centres, and business complexes.

Is NX-ERA compatible with existing building systems and legacy infrastructure?

Yes. NX-ERA is an open protocol-based based, such as MODBUS TCP/IP, and is capable of being integrated with third-party equipment, legacy control panels, and contemporary IoT-based systems and is extremely flexible for new and retrofit applications.

In what ways does NX-ERA support energy efficiency and green building goals?

NX-ERA includes integration with Energy Management Systems, daylight harvesting, and advanced energy analytics that minimise energy use and support the needs of green building certifications such as LEED.

For which industries and applications is NX-ERA best suited?

NX-ERA is tailored for various industries such as healthcare, manufacturing, commercial real estate, residential townships, and mission-critical infrastructure that need smart, high-availability automation.

Can NX-ERA be remotely monitored and remotely troubleshot?

Yes. NX-ERA allows secure remote access, with real-time monitoring, diagnostics, and command execution from remote locations, reducing response time and maintenance cost.

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The Benefits of the Cloud VPS

VPS, short for Virtual Private Server, functions as a stand-alone virtual environment on a physical server, owned and operated by a web hosting provider or in the cloud. The technology behind cloud VPS is virtualization which can split a single physical machine into several private server modules that share the resources. This is especially useful for those whose websites or applications are too large for shared hosting. Cloud VPS, on the other hand, offers dedicated hosting without the high costs of a dedicated server.

Benefits of cloud VPS

· Cost Savings: One of the most critical benefits of cloud VPS is the unmatched cost-effectiveness of operating a server in the cloud since compute nodes are available in a large range of configurations. While small, medium or large setups compute with high memory availability, others can avail of several high-end CPU configurations. Comparatively, purchasing or leasing a like-for-like server will cost at least $10,000.

· High reliability: Cloud VPS providers offer a 100% uptime guarantee and for this, the providers typically invest heavily in safeguarding server infrastructure. Standard systems contain multiple redundant power, network, and storage capabilities. In case of any problem, the systems automatically failover, resulting in zero downtime for the customer.

· Improved performance: Regardless of whether it is a shared or dedicated cloud tenancy, a cloud VPS offers assured system resources round the clock. Host nodes are scaled and load balanced to ensure that customers always have the needed resources on demand.

· Security-as-a-Service: Cloud infrastructure security is one of the most important concerns in the current digital environment. Security operations are typically built into cloud server providers’ architecture at every level, making cloud VPS inherently secure.

These are some of the benefits of cloud VPS.

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1550nm WDM EDFA 8 Ports 21dBm Fiber Optical Amplifier EDFA

Overview:        The product is a high output power C-B and Er-Yb co-doped double cladding optical fiber amplifier. Individual optical design ensures the perfect performance: adopt high stable and high precision CPU system to ensure the control, adjustment and display are intelligent and user-friendly.     The product can realize different service wavelength (GPON/XGPON1/OTDR and CATV) multiplexing in FTTX network to maximize the value of optical distribution network (ODN). To suit multiple application scenarios, the GPON ports are compatible with the XGPON1 and OTDR wavelength.  Features:1.Suitable for CATV, PON system and video combiner which is optional

2.Power Supply: Redundancy Hot Swap Power module 3.All front panel access, and works for 19’ or 21’ racks 4.The Fan and power supplies can be plugged in 1U rack, which is very convenient to the maintain 5.LCD display shows and controls the system parameters, and LED status indication shows the alarm status 6.Support ETH, RS232 and Monitor ports 7.Network Management interface supporting SNMP via ETH port. 8.APC（Automatic Power Control）optical output

9.High power components, high reliability, low noise

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Honeywell 2MLR-CPUH/S Power Module

Honeywell 2MLR-CPUH/S Power Module, MAX I/O 23, 808 PTS. REDUNDANT CPU FO(SM)Model: 2MLR-CPUH/SCategories: Modular ControllersBrand: Honeywell

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“NX-ERA XPRESS: THE COMPACT MICRO PLC”

Messung, as one of India’s leading industrial automation companies, offers cutting-edge custom-built solutions for factory automation, process automation and special purpose machine automation. Messung is considered one of the top 10 PLC manufacturers and offers an excellent range of world-class Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), Remote I/O modules, Servo & Motion Control solutions and Human Machine Interfaces (HMIs) for a cornucopia of applications across diverse industries. 

Messung also offers an expansive range of Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) and Servo/Motion products from Fuji Electric for simple to complex industrial applications.

 THE NX-ERA PLC Series 

The NX-ERA Programmable Logic Controllers Series is a modern automation system that is suitable for complex industrial processes, high-performance machines and production lines. 

The NX-ERA Series provides resources for all stages of the application lifecycle with its integrated Distribution Control Systems (DCS) features, programming and configuration environment based on the IEC 61131-3 standard - resulting in the speeding up of development and reducing engineering and commissioning costs.

 The system architecture of the NX-ERA Series offers redundancy features for CPU Power Supply, Supervision, Control Networks and Field Buses.

 The NX-ERA Series also comes with advanced diagnostics and hot swapping resulting in the minimization or elimination of downtime for maintenance and allowing for a continuous production process. 

NX-ERA EXPRESS

 The NX-ERA Xpress is compact in size while providing high performance. It is a powerful, compact Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) from the NX-ERA family of controllers and I/O modules. Messung’s small wonder delivers high processing power in a compact design with embedded I/O.

Highlights of NX-ERA Xpress 

-       Exceptional features at competitive prices

-       Smart engineering of easy to use software and offline simulation

-       Scalable design (within the NX-ERA family) that covers small to large solutions

-       Up to 43 I/Os in a single unit in a high-density design

-       Integrity ensured even in harsh conditions with conformal coating

-       Multiprotocol communication

 With several options to choose from, this series of mini PLCs allows for the best solution for entry-level applications. The series is targeted at small control systems and offers models consisting of a few digital I/Os to options with 43 I/O points densely concentrated in a single controller - including analogue inputs and outputs with temperature support. In case additional I/Os are needed, the system can easily be expanded through CANopen using the Remote I/O mode. Other available ports like Ethernet and RS-485 can also be used to expand the device. 

Applications of NX-ERA Xpress 

The NX-ERA Xpress Series of micro PLCs is ideal for small applications and remote distributed I/O. Its applications include water treatment systems and a variety of applications in the infrastructure, building automation, food, textiles, factory automation, machines and other industries. 

It is also a good solution for complementing major applications along with the NX-ERA Series devices and extends the range of applications while using the same technology and engineering environment. This is a great feature for OEMs and systems integrators with small to large applications. 

Conclusion 

As one of the pioneers in PLCs for industrial automation & control, Messung has a tradition of continuous innovation and the development of progressive products and solutions that serve the Indian industry while providing high-performance technology at a cost-effective price. 

The NX-ERA Series is a prime example. The NX-ERA Premium and NX-ERA Xpress offer comprehensive functionality for the creation of high-end process automation & control solutions in India that help process industries meet their quality and productivity goals. They are also equally effective at optimising servo & motion control automation and general-purpose automation applications. 

Some characteristics of Messung’s innovations are: 

Flexibility: Can serve medium to large systems, whether redundant or distributed 

Reliability: Provide high reliability for safety instrumented systems 

Smarts: Provide accurate diagnostics in a compact design 

Efficiency: Deliver superior performance and are easy to use 

Compatibility: Offer compatibility with web services like SNTP & SNMP, user visualization of web pages, web page server for supervision & diagnostics and related IoT functionalities 

Messung has a practice of partnering with their customers through the entire lifecycle of their plant and customises industrial automation & control solutions that meet the highest technical requirements for speed, quality, operational reliability, system availability among others. 

If you are on the lookout for a PLC automation solution for your industry, connect with Messung - an innovative PLC automation company with more than four decades of experience and proven expertise in the industry.

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Airships: Conquer The Skies For Mac

Airships Conquer The Skies

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Airships Conquer The Skies Cheats

Airships: Conquer The Skies For Mac Download

Airships Conquer The Skies Manual

Airships Conquer The Skies Planes

Dragons are large fire-breathing reptiles that use Suspendium to help them fly.1 Dragons can be encountered in the game. It is possible to tame dragons that have appeared and use them in one's army, or to fight the dragons and loot their nest. Dragons attack by shooting streams of flame, similar to a flamethrower, at enemy constructions. The juvenile form of a dragon is called a wurm, and has.

Heart&Slash is a 3D brawler that is set in a world where machines are all that remains from the Human civilization. You play as Heart, an innocent robot fighting to escape the grip of the evil and all seeing machine QuAsSy (Quality Assurance Systems). But make no mistake Heart&Slash is a hard game. HEART&SLASH; is a fast paced brawler with roguelike elements, inspired in equal parts by Bayonetta, Megaman and ADOM. It is also a throwback to our earlier years as gamers, when playing games was all joy. Started as a personal part-time project (you can follow the development process here), Heart&Slash; has grown into something bigger than initially intended. Heart&slash download for mac.

Airships: Conquer the Skies - In Airships: Conquer the Skies you'll need to use all of your creativity and skill to design and build fearsome airships and land vehicles to give you the edge in massive aerial battles.Construct your vehicles by piecing together a vast array of modules, choosing weapons, armour types, structures, equipment and resources in near endless configurations to allow you.

Setup airships conquer the skies 1 0 18 5 (42567) Size:205.89 MBTitle: Airships: Conquer the Skies - SoundtrackDate:17 Aug, 2018Developer:David StarkPublisher: David StarkGenre::Action, Indie, StrategyAbout This Game:The soundtrack for Airships: Conquer the Skies, created by Curtis Schweit.

Airships: Conquer the Skies game details

Demonstrate your battle prowess as the ultimate sky-commander in this multiplayer steampunk pixel air shooter. Tanki online – steam pack crack. Give intensive commands in this FTL-esk management simulator as you command an ever-growing ship into the finest vessel in the sky. Challenge your friends and defeat your foes in this ever challenging test of wit, strategy, and battle-prowess. Will you Conquer the Skies?

A powerful and inspirational story about family, friends, and the challenges we face. Martin Sheen plays Tom, an irascible American doctor who comes to France to collect the remains of his adult son (played by Emilio Estevez), killed in the Pyrenees while walking The Camino de Santiago, also known as The Way. Start quickly with the most recent versions of Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, OneNote and OneDrive —combining the familiarity of Office and the unique Mac features you love. Work online or offline, on your own or with others in real time—whatever works for what you’re doing. The way download for mac.

Here are the Airships: Conquer the Skies System Requirements (Minimum)

CPU: Info

CPU SPEED: 1.8 Ghz+

RAM: 256 MB

OS: Windows 7 or later

VIDEO CARD: 128 MB VRAM+ w/OpenGL

PIXEL SHADER: 2.0

VERTEX SHADER: 2.0

FREE DISK SPACE: 1 GB

DEDICATED VIDEO RAM: 128 MB

Airships: Conquer the Skies Recommended Requirements

CPU: Info

CPU SPEED: 2.2 Ghz+ Dual-core

RAM: 2 GB

OS: Windows 7 or later

VIDEO CARD: 1 GB VRAM+ w/OpenGL

PIXEL SHADER: 4.0

VERTEX SHADER: 4.0

FREE DISK SPACE: 1 GB

DEDICATED VIDEO RAM: 1 GB

Click here for the latest video card drivers

System Requirements Lab may earn affiliate commissions from qualifying purchases via Amazon Associates and other programs

Aug 22, 2018

This guide is intended to be used as an additional tutorial/refrence manual for a vanilla, non-modded, Airships: Conquer the Skies. It will include some of the less obvious features of ship design within it as well.

What Is Required to Make a Valid Airship?

Almost nothing is absolutely required to make a functional airship in this game. Ships without weapons can actually sometimes be viable, but we won't be covering specifics yet. All you need to make an airship is a form of lift, and a way to move about. You don't need to go high or particurlarly fast, but being able to do both is very helpful. This for example, is an incredibly cheap, and supprisingly decent medium level bomber, and it's only got two berths, for 6 sailors, a small propeller, and a tiny suspendium chamber. I could reduce the crew requirement even further by removing ths suspendium chamber and sticking a suspendium tank on instead, but the AI seems to be drawn towards shooting those, and suspendium explodes, so I didn't in this particular case. Of course going bigger leads to a tougher, and more durable ship, but cheap spammable ships are a very valid tactic to go with, until your enemy start to counter your designs. The example above, for example will pretty much die immediately if shot at with a few rifles, or explosives. Larger designs with redundancies are less vulnerable to being knocked out immediately.

Overlays

Overlays are a key tool to be using when designing an airship, landship, or building. They will show you where key weaknesses in your design are, and give hints on where you can improve on the designs. By default, the U key will bring them up as a shortcut key. Alternatively you can also click the button at the top of the screen to bring it up.

Overlay #1 - Pathing

Most modules have different components that take up a large area of the ship, wether it be suspendium chambers, engines, or just a whole bunch of bunks, your ship needs to be moved around in. All guns start with one clip of ammo loaded at the start of the fight for example, but poor pathing choices means that you aren't going to be able to reload those guns in a reasonable period of time. This ship for example is divided by the suspendium chamber. If that's inaccessable for any reason, the rest of the ship would be cut off crom the coal store. Fortunately the design only requires coal at the rear section however to power the engine, and said blocking suspendium chamber.

Overlay #2 - HP

This is a rather important overlay to look at occasionally. All components in a ship have a HP value that starts getting eaten away if the armor is broken through. This overlay is showing the HP pool of the modules behind the armor itself. Adding armor won't actually increase this HP pool of the component, but surrounding the component with other pieces will make them tougher to finally kill. Certain decorations can also add additional HP to any adjacent modules they touch as well as evenly distribute extra HP to the rest of the ship, so even decorative figureheads can become integral in making a survivable ship design, as you can see with the dragon figureheads over the cannons.

Overlay #3 - Water

All weapons carry a chance to set something it hits on fire, though explosives cary a higher chance, and flamethrowers have a significant ignition chance. Modules themselves can also catch fire if hit while their HP is low. Should you decide to add water to your ship, this overlay will show how long it takes your crew to get the water from the fire point to the fire itself. Generally sticking to under 4 seconds is safe for particularly flammable components, notably coal. Ammo, and other explodey weapons should have shorter times if possible.

Overlay #4 - Repair Tools

Tools are optional, but good to have around if you want your ship to keep fighting. This overlay will show how long it takes to bring tools from the repair bay or machine shop to it's needed location. You can't repair armor with tools, but you can repair internal structure.

Airships Conquer The Skies

I'm unable to confirm this for sure, but a damaged weapon can potentially explode if it was previously damaged, while firing, leading to an explosion. Repair tools help to reduce that chance.

Overlay #5 - Ammo

A fairly simple overlay. This shows how much time, in seconds it takes for ammo to reach its destination. If you can keep this metric under a second, you will have uninterrupted fire of the weapon meeting the time criteria.

Overlay #6 - Coal

Same as the above, but for coal and things which need to eat it to run. How much time it takes for coal to get to, commonly, suspendium chambers or engines of a variety of description, as well as a few specialty components. You want this as low as possible. You can get away with half the required time for the component to be reloaded, though that's incredibly dangerous in an actual combat situation. Not having coal usually means the ship will fall from the sky, or lose control of the engines.

Overlay #7 - Explosion Damage

Basically everything on an airship can explode. This overlay shows the intensity of any potential explosions, wether they be ammo explosions, suspendium explosions or potentially even rifle explosions. Try to keep key components out of the radius of the red tiles if you value them surviving a major explosion. This is especially true of ammo though, which likes to go off harmoniously if placed directly next to each other. This ship for example will almost end up being bisected if the ammunition cooks off.A good ship design, unless the vessel is designed to be disposable will try to ensure that an ammo explosion can still enable crew to move about the ship, as well as ensuring the ship can still move after the fact.

Armor Types: When to Use Which, and How to Unlock Special Armors

Wood Wall

Why use it? It's FREE, it's light, and that's about it. There's not much going for it, except the fact that it's the second lightest armor in the game. Why not use it? Unless you have a very specific idea which requires the lightest possible mass and lowest cost, it's a terrible idea to use this armor. Everything can go through it, even rifles. That tends to mean lots of ammo explosions. It's also completely useless against explosives, which will shred off almost all of this plate.

Wood Armor

Why use it? A decent HP pool to add on top of your modules, as well as a fairly decent pierce absorption make this quite an acceptable armor against lower caliber weapons, such as rifles. It can withstand a singular shot from a deck gun as well, which is quite good for the price. Why not use it? It's got some pretty poor blast damage absorption compared to steel wall armor, and as a result tends to be weak to explosive weaponry.

Reinforced Wooden Armor

Why use it? 'Barrel armor' has rather high HP at 65 per block of armor, and has some decent damage resistances against piercing and blast, triple that of regular wooden armor. It's also cheaper than actual steel armor. Why not use it? It is HEAVY, and costs a fair amount. It will slow down a ship mounting it exclusively, and it will significantly drop the service ceiling, almost as bad as using brick armor.

Steel Wall

Why use it? It's the same price of wooden armor, and it has a higher resistance against explosions, while also keeping the pierce resistance. It's also lighter than wooden armor. It's also almost capable of ignoring flak guns. Why not use it? Wooden armor can resist a deck gun shot, this armor can't. As a result, wood holds out slightly longer against larger guns.

Steel Armor

Why use it? It's got noticeable blast and piercing resistance, capable of ignoring rifle fire, as well as flak. It's got higher HP, and is overall very good armor. Why not use it? Weight, mostly. Cost may also be a factor.

Heavy Steel Armor

Why use it? It's twice as good as regular steel armor in every metric, and can ignore a large majority of weapons, including some powerful explosive weapons like grenades, but not bombs. Why not use it? It's very heavy, and very expensive to field.

Brick Wall

Why use it? It's cheap, and it's got a lot of HP, at 45. Why not use it? It's extremely heavy, as it's intended for buildings, and it has no damage absorption features. Enough rifle fire can easily get through it if they all hit the same spot.

Stone Wall

Why use it? It's rather cheap for armor, a lot of HP, great for buildings. Some resistances, but not much. Why not use it? There's no reason to not use it on a building. Using it on a ship will basically prevent it from moving however due to the sheer mass.

Massive Stone Wall

Why use it? Take regular stone wall and add half of all the stats, and double the blast resistance.

Why not use it? It's MASSIVE. I don't think it's possible to make a ship armored completely in this type of armor.

DragonHide

This requires clearing an Elder Dragon nest in order to be used by your Empire in Conquest. Why use it? It has NO weight, it's got a HP pool comparable to barrel armor, and it's nearly got the blast and pierce resist of steel armor. Why not use it? Killing an Elder Dragon nest is very hard to do without specialized ships. It's also very expensive to field.

Shell Armor

This armor requires clearing a Turtledove nest to be used by your Empire in Conquest. Why use it? HP of steel armor, a bit of pierce and blast resistance, and the kicker here is, the armor generates it's own lift. Enough to get most small ships off the ground on their own without added suspendium. Why not use it? It's a bit expensive, on par with steel armor, but doesn't net you the damage resistances that steel provides.

Boarding, Your Crew, and Other Thoughts on the Matter

Boarding ships is a thing in this game, and without proper planning, chances are that you're going to lose your ship unless you plan ahead to deal with boarders.

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What is the goal of a boarding team? Their primary goal is to reach the bridge and take it out, if they successfully manage to do that, they will offically capture the ship (note that this does not apply to mech spiders, or any monsters, who just want to kill the crew). Unfortunately, there is no hard counter against being boarded, but there are plenty of soft counters you can add onto your ship to make boarding a nightmare.

Countering Boarding

Guards are almost overpowered, a single guard barrack can usually withstand an assault from most types of humanoid boarder.

Speed counters most boarders, except Air Dragoons (though that depends on the command cooldown). If you dodge your ship out of the way of boarders, they can, and often will plumet to the ground after missing their jump. This does require a bit of micro however.

Small arms are very potent counters to boarders, most weapons can directly target troops approaching the ship, as well as any additional small aircraft being deployed. Rifles, gatling guns, flamers, and even grapeshot guns are good counters to boarding.

Excess crew can defend the ship. Sailors aren't very good at defending a ship as they only have pistols instead of rifles, and presumably less training, but they can defend a ship on their own in a pinch if they aren't already busy with another task.

The sickbay works for your etire crew, sailors and guards. If you lose a guard, chances are that you might be able to get them back if they can get to the sickbay.

Buildings are crewed by soilders, not sailors, as a result they are slightly more resistant to being boarded than ships.

Place supply doors in akward positions for your crew and any possible boarders. Ideally, if you have guards, you want to force the enemy to run into them. If not, you want them kept as far as possible away from the bridge to buy as much time as possible for the crew to possibly defend the ship.

Boarding the Enemy

There is a small variety of boarding troops, each of which best on certian ship designs.

Marines need to actually directly jump aboard a targeted ship to get on board it. They are also extremely susceptable to dying due to missing their jump against a moving vessel. You do get 8 per barrack however, and they are decent boarders and ship defenders.

Grenadiers are fewer per barrack, but it appears they are a bit more effective at taking out defenders than marines. They also have the benefit of having grapples, so they usually won't die if they miss their jump. They can, and often will try to swing ship to ship to reach their target.

Air Dragoons are somewhat special, as they can be deployed anywhere and board almost anything since they use jetpacks. They are about as effective as the grenadiers, but they are also extremely squishy outside of an airship as they are extremely slow. They are great counters to bombers not mounting rifles or other forms of small arms.

Mech spiders are mean. Their sole purpose to board the target ship and shred any crew within them. You can't capture with them, but they are extremely tanky boarders, and they have the same, if not more mobility with grapples as dragoons.

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