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[ttmikstudy]

Lesson 5 Summary

 To be/ It is / What is it?/ Nouns 

~ 이에요= To be/ it is when added to a word with a final consonant. 

~ 예요 = To be/ it is when added to a word with a final vowel. 

Conjugation

-Added to the end of a word to say “this thing is..”. 이에요 and 예요 are never used on it’s own and must always be added to the end of another word, usually a noun, proper noun or adjective.

For example:  Noun +  ~ 이에요/  ~ 예요

-Water = 물. It is water= 물이에요. (물’s final character ㄹ is a consonant.) 

-Bag = 가방.  It is a bag = 가방이에요. (가방’s final character ㅇ is a consonant.)

-Office = 사무실.  It is an office = 사무실이에요. (사무실’s final character ㄹ is a consonant.)

-School = 학교. It is a school= 학교예요. ( 학교’s final character ㅛ is a vowel.)

-Student = 학생. I am a student= 학생이에요. (학생’s final characterㅇ is a consonant.) 

-Me = 저*.  It is me = 저예요. (저 ‘s final characterㅓis a vowel.)

-Toy = 장난감. It is a toy= 장난감이에요. ( 장난감’s final characterㅁ is a consonant.)

Note: You can easily turn these statements into questions by changing your intonation at the end, there’s no change in grammar or structure, which is super useful. For example, you can say: 

“학생이에요��, meaning that you are a student, and then say exactly the same thing but as a question; “학생이에요?” to ask someone else if they are a student! Or you could say “사무실이에요” to say “this is an office” and exactly the same thing with question intonation; “사무실이에요?” to ask “is this an office?” Do note, though, that those examples aren’t totally grammatically correct, but it doesn’t matter right now because you’ll learn how to use them in full sentence form in the next two lessons by combining them with “this” “the” and “that”, and once you know this part, it’s super easy to form sentences with them! 

What is it? 

What is it = 뭐예요? 

뭐예요 is a phrase you might have heard a few times before. It’s a really common phrase but it’s also super simple. It literally means “what is it?” but can also mean “what is this” “what is that” when you combine it with the this/the/that words that will be taught in the next two lessons. (That said, native Korean speakers often omit the “this/the/that” part altogether and just say “뭐예요” to mean what is it/ what is this/ what is that.) 

* 저. Quick note to say that 저 is one of absolutely loads of ways of saying “me” or “I”, so don’t get put off if you see it written as other ways! 저 is just a medium formality way of saying it. 

That’s it for Lesson 5. I suggest learning this in conjunction with Lesson 6 because while the phrases used in this lesson can be used on their own, to start forming real sentences you’ll need to use them with the things taught in Lessons 6 and 7! 

[ttmikstudy]

Sorry for the sketchy updates guys! I’ve been super busy. I’m still writing summaries of the lessons that I’m completing as I do them, but I’m not posting them until I’ve finished the backlog of previous ones because I want them to go out in order! I’ll try and get a few more done tomorrow and I’m hoping to have all of the first book up by July 15th which is when I plan to start book 2. Thank you for waiting <3 In the mean time if you have any questions about the lessons that I have put up please don’t hesitate to message me and I’ll do what I can to help! 

안녕히계세요 <3 

[ttmikstudy]

Lesson 4 Summary

I’m Sorry/ Excuse me/ Just a second/ Here it is.

조송합니다 = I am sorry. 

Etymology

조송 = Apology/ Being sorry. 

합니다 = I do/ I am doing. 

Therefore, 조송 + 합니다 = I am being sorry. 

Note: 

“I’m sorry” is not always “ 조송합니다 “. 조송합니다  applies exclusively to situations in which you are at fault, and never to mean “I am sorry to hear that.” Make sure you remember this or you might end up in some awkward situations! 

조송합니다 can, however, apply to situations when you want to say “excuse me”, as in “excuse me, could you please move” or “excuse me, I just bumped into you.” Just remember that you are not actually saying “excuse me”, but “sorry”, as “excuse me” is a different word altogether. 조송합니다 can only be used as “excuse me” in that specific scenario; where you are saying sorry for being in someone’s way or interrupting them in some way. If you are trying to say “excuse me” to get someone’s attention,저기요 is used. 

저기요 = Excuse me. 

Etymology 

저기 = Over there. ( 저 means “there” as in “that thing over there” and ”기“ means doing or being.) Therefore, literally means 저기요 “hey you, over there”.

Note: This can only be used when you are trying to get someone’s attention, for instance, if you are calling for a friend’s attention across the room or calling over a waiter. It is never used to mean “excuse me” as in “you are in my way” or “I just bumped into you”, in that case 조송합니다  is used. 

Just a second

If you have said “저기요” to waiter, they may say something like “잠시만요” or “잠깐만요” back to you. These both mean “just a second” and there is pretty much no distinction between the two, so they can be used interchangeably. You could also hear them say “이거요” which means “here is is.” 

Note: 이거요 literally translates to “this thing here” (”이”means “this” as in something that is close to you and “거” means thing) but colloquially it has a different meaning. 

That’s it for Lesson 4. If you have any questions don’t hesitate to message me and I’ll answer as best I can!  안녕! 

Please note!

All of these lessons teach 존댓말, which is formal or honorific language. This is the type of formality that is safe to use with everyone. As far as levels of formality go, this is like a polite average, i.e. it is not informal or extremely formal, but a comfortable medium. Most words and phrases that are taught in these lessons will change slightly when used in a different formality, but this will be taught in a much later lesson!

[ttmikstudy]

Lesson 3 Summary

Goodbye. 

안녕히계세요 =Goodbye when you are leaving and others are staying. 

안녕히가세요 = Goodbye when others are leaving and you are staying. 

Etymology 

안녕 = Peace/ Health/ Wellbeing

계세요 = Stay in peace. Comes from the verb “ 계시다 “ which means to be or to stay.

가세요 = Go in peace. Comes from the verb “가다” which means to go. 

Note: If no one is staying, 안녕히가세요 is used. 

Please note!

All of these lessons teach 존댓말, which is formal or honorific language. This is the type of formality that is safe to use with everyone. As far as levels of formality go, this is like a polite average, i.e. it is not informal or extremely formal, but a comfortable medium. Most words and phrases that are taught in these lessons will change slightly when used in a different formality, but this will be taught in a much later lesson!

[ttmikstudy]

Lesson 2 Summary

Yes/ agreement, no/ disagreement, “that’s right”, to like. 

네- Agreement/ what you said is correct/ I agree with what you said/ that’s right/ yes/ conversation filler/ pardon? 

If you’ve been at all exposed to the Korean language,네 is no doubt a word you’ve heard a lot. It’s one of the most used words in the whole langage, primarily because it has so many meanings, which differ depending on context, but mean similar things. 

People often mistake네 to mean yes, but it’s not as simple as that.네 does not mean yes, specifically, but rather, “I agree with that” or “yes, that is correct”. It’s also a conversation filler; the same way lots of people say “mm” in conversation to let the speaker know that even though you aren’t saying anything, you are still listening. Additionally,네 can be used as a question, meaning “sorry, what was that”, “pardon”, “what did you say?”, and so on. 

(Example conversation) 

A. 그거 고양이 아니에요.  (That is not a cat.)

B. 네. (What you said is correct. That is not a cat.)

맞아요- That’s right. 

This is often used after 네 to mean “yes, that’s right”. For example, you might have a conversation like this. 

A. 이거 커피여요. (This is coffee.) 

B. 네, 맞아요. 이거 커피여요. (Yes, that’s right. This is coffee.)

아니요- Disagreement/ what you said is incorrect/ I disagree with that you said/ that is not right. 

아니요 is also a phrase you will likely have heard a lot if you’ve been exposed to the language. It has exactly the opposite meaning of네, and similar to 네, often gets misunderstood. 

아니요  does not mean no, specifically, but rather “I disagree with that” or “that is incorrect”. People often confuse 아니요 with 아니에요, but be warned, they are different words with different meanings! 아니에요 means “to be not”, implying that something is not something, while 아니요  means “I disagree” or “that is incorrect.” For example, you might have a conversation like this. 

A. 저거 고양이여요? (Is that a cat?)

B: 아니요. (No, that is incorrect.) 이거 고양이 아니에요. (This is not a cat.)

좋아요- To Iike/ like it/ do you like it?

좋아요 is a nice simple one, it just means “I like it”. If you add a question mark at the end, it becomes “do you like?” For example, someone may say  커피 좋아요? Meaning “do you like coffee?”. 

That’s it for Lesson 2!  A bit of a long one but very easy once you get the hang of it! 

Please note!

All of these lessons teach 존댓말, which is formal or honorific language. This is the type of formality that is safe to use with everyone. As far as levels of formality go, this is like a polite average, i.e. it is not informal or extremely formal, but a comfortable medium. Most words and phrases that are taught in these lessons will change slightly when used in a different formality, but this will be taught in a much later lesson!

[ttmikstudy]

Lesson 1 Summary

Hello and thank you.

안녕허세요 - Hello. 

Etymology:

안녕 = Means wellbeing, peace or health.

허세요 = Means you do, do you? or please do. 

So 안녕허세요 literally means ‘please be at peace’ or ‘please be well’. 

* You’ll often hear people saying  안녕 instead of 안녕허세요.  안녕 is just a shortened version of both hello and goodbye (goodbye begins with 안녕  as well). It’s perfectly acceptable to use 안녕 instead of 안녕허세요 for the sake of convenience, but beware that it does not include the formal 요 ending, so when speaking to someone you need to be polite to (i.e. someone who is older than you or a stranger), it’s best to use 안녕허세요.

감사합니다- Thank you. 

Etymology: 

감사 = Means gratitude, thankfulness or appreciation. 

합니다 * = Means I do or I am doing. 

So, 감사합니다 literally means ‘I am being thankful’ or ‘I am thankful’.

Note/ Additional Leaning

* 합니다 actually has a lot more context and etymology to it than is mentioned here, but it will be covered in a later lesson. The overall summary is that it comes from the sentence ending “입니다” which means “be” or “it is” with the implication that something is being something.  합니다 is the conjugation of the word “하다” which means “to do”. When you add  하다 (to do) to 입니다 (to be/ it is) you get  합니다, which translates to “I am doing”. You can also see this in use when you say “my name is”; 

My name is=  제 이름은 (name) 입니다.

제 = My

이름= Name

은= Topic marking particle

입니다 = Be/ it is. 

Therefore,  제 이름은 (name) 입니다 literally translates out as “My name, be/ it is (name), or more naturally, “my name is-”. 

Please note!

All of these lessons teach 존댓말, which is formal or honorific language. This is the type of formality that is safe to use with everyone. As far as levels of formality go, this is like a polite average, i.e. it is not informal or extremely formal, but a comfortable medium. Most words and phrases that are taught in these lessons will change slightly when used in a different formality, but this will be taught in a much later lesson!