auto--parts

[auto--parts]

Auto Parts

you need reliable auto parts, automotive parts, accessories  to deal with a big problem or a small problem, or you're just looking for auto accessories   

Auto Parts

Auto Parts or car parts Auto spare parts processing (auto spare parts) are the units that make up the whole of auto parts processing and products that serve auto parts processing.With the increasingly fierce competition in the auto parts processing market, the deepening of environmental protection concepts, and the continuous upgrading and application of technology, the international auto parts processing parts industry has shown the following development characteristics in recent years:① The trend of supporting and modular supply of auto parts processing systems is on the rise②Globalization of auto parts processing and procurement③ The speed of auto parts processing industry transfer is accelerating.

Auto Parts classification 

Engine Parts

Engine

parts

Throttle

body, engine,

engine assembly

,

oil pump

,

nozzle

,

tensioner

,

cylinder block

,

bearing pad

,

water pump

, fuel injection, gasket,

camshaft

,

valve

,

crankshaft

, connecting rod assembly, piston, belt,

muffler

,

chemical Oiler

, fuel tank,

water tank

, fan, oil seal, radiator,

filter

Driveline

accessoriesTransmission, gearshift lever assembly,

reducer

,

clutch

, pneumatic,

electric tools

, magnetic materials, electronic components, clutch disc, clutch cover,

universal joint

,

universal ball

,

universal ball

,

ball

cage

,

clutch disc

,

Transfer case

,

power take-off

,

synchronizer

, synchronizer ring,

timing belt

,

differential

, differential case, differential disc angle teeth,

planetary gear

, wheel carrier,

flange

,

gear box

, intermediate shaft,

Gear

, lever fork, drive shaft assembly, drive shaft flange, belt

Brake system

accessories

Brake shoe

,

brake pad

,

brake disc

,

brake drum

,

compressor

, brake assembly, brake pedal assembly,

brake master cylinder

,

brake cylinder

, ABS-ECU controller,

electric hydraulic pump

, brake camshaft, Brake roller, brake tellurium pin, brake adjusting arm, brake chamber,

vacuum booster

, hand brake assembly, parking brake assembly, parking brake lever assembly

Steering system

accessories

Steering gear

,

knuckle

ball joint, steering knuckle steering wheel, steering gear, assembly

booster

,

steering rod

, power pump ...Walking accessories

Rear axle

, air suspension system,

balance weight

,

steel plate

, tire,

leaf spring

,

axle

,

shock absorber

, steel ring assembly, axle bolt,

axle housing

, frame, assembly,

wheel platform

,

front axle

Electrical instrumentation accessories

Sensors, automotive lamps,

buzzers

,

spark plugs

,

batteries

,

wiring harnesses

,

relays

, audio,

alarms

, regulators,

distributors

,

starters

(motors),

unidirectional devices

,

automotive instruments

, switches, fuses,

glass lifters

,

Generator

,

ignition coil

,

igniter

thermostat, ignition module

Automotive Lighting

Decorative lights

,

headlights

,

searchlights

,

ceiling lights

,

anti-fog lights

,

instrument lights

,

brake lights

,

tail lights

,

turn lights

,

emergency lights

Car modification

Tire air pump, car roof rack, car top box,

electric winch

,

car bumper

,

sunroof

,

sound insulation material

, bumper,

fixed wind wing

,

fender

,

exhaust pipe

,

fuel saver

Security

Steering wheel lock

,

wheel lock

,

anti-theft device

, rear-view mirror,

rear-view system

, camera,

seat belt

,

driving recorder

,

central control lock

, GPS, ABS,

reversing radar

, gear lock

Automotive interior

Car carpet (foot pad),

steering wheel cover

,

steering wheel booster ball

, curtain, sun gear ...

Car exterior

Wheel cover, body color sticker, license plate holder,

rain shield

...

Comprehensive accessories

Adhesives

,

sealants

, car tools, car springs, plastic parts ...

Audio and video appliances

Tire pressure monitoring system

,

decoder

, display,

car radio

...

Chemical Nursing

Coolant

,

brake fluid

,

antifreeze

, lubricant ...

Body and accessories

Wiper blade

,

automobile glass

,

seat belt

, airbag, instrument panel, static elimination antenna static belt ...

Maintenance equipment

Sheet metal equipment

purification system

,

tire changer

calibration instrument ...

electrical tools

Electric punching shear

,

hot air gun

,

electric jack

,

electric wrench

...

Car parts (5 photos)

Industry development

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As the basis of the automobile industry, auto parts are necessary factors to support the sustainable and healthy development of the automobile industry. In particular, the current auto industry is developing vigorously and in full swing for independent development and innovation, and it needs a strong component system to support it. Vehicle independent brands and technological innovation need parts as a basis, and independent innovation of components has a strong driving force for the development of the vehicle industry. They interact and interact with each other. There is no independent brand of the vehicle and a strong parts system. Its R & D and innovation capabilities are difficult to develop without the support of a strong parts system.From January to December 2005, all Chinese auto parts and accessories manufacturing enterprises realized a cumulative total industrial output value of 383,800,952,000 yuan, an increase of 18.67% over the same period of the previous year; a cumulative product sales income of 375,265,815,000 yuan, an increase of 20.21% over the same period of the previous year; The total accumulated profit realized was 21,462,002 thousand yuan, a decrease of 9.09% over the same period of the previous year.From January to December 2006, all Chinese auto parts and accessories manufacturing enterprises realized a cumulative total industrial output value of 539,704,996,000 yuan, an increase of 34.35% over the same period last year; a cumulative product sales income of 527,234,933,000 yuan, an increase of 34.71% over the same period last year; The total accumulated profit realized was 32,605,652,000 yuan, an increase of 46.79% over the same period of the previous year; as of the end of December 2006, the number of enterprises above the designated size in the industry was 6,142.From January to November 2007, all Chinese auto parts and accessories manufacturing enterprises realized a cumulative total industrial output value of 683,525,503,000 yuan, an increase of 37.34% over the same period of the previous year; a cumulative product sales income of 663,529,269,000 yuan, an increase of 37.45 over the same period of the previous year %; Total accumulated profits of 48,487,363 thousand yuan, an increase of 68.61% over the same period last year; as of the end of November 2007, the number of enterprises above the designated size in the industry was 7,171.Judging from the operation of the industry in January-October 2010, the total profit of the auto parts industry is still increasing, but the growth rate has slowed down; both the import and export volume have also increased, but imported products are gearboxes and engine parts, etc. The value-added and high-tech products are the main products, and the export products are mainly labor-intensive and resource-consuming types with low entry barriers and low profits, such as tires and electronic instruments. The downstream vehicle industry has overcapacity in a certain period of time. Although unconventional high-speed growth occurred under various national stimulus policies in 2010, the production and sales growth slowed down in 2011 and the pressure of excess capacity increased. The industry may be under pressure from larger profits in the second half of the year. The main problems faced by the industry are squeezed on both sides of the upstream and downstream, and the industry is facing double pressure. The parts industry is squeezed on both ends and lacks bargaining power for the upstream and downstream. The upstream raw materials are mainly steel, rubber, plastics, and fabrics. The price is ultimately determined by the prices of commodities such as steel, petroleum, and natural rubber. Auto parts companies can only avoid risks by judging the upstream commodity price trend. At the same time, downstream OEMs are mostly large companies and large groups. They are in a strong position in the interest game with component manufacturers, have strong negotiation capabilities, and can pass cost pressures to the automotive component industry. Therefore, components are actually at two ends. Squeezed "sandwich" sandwich position.In 2011, the sales value of China's auto parts sales exceeded 2 trillion yuan, and it will maintain a growth rate of more than 20% in the next few years. It is estimated that by 2015, the scale output value of China's auto parts industry will reach 2.5 trillion yuan. Since 2002, China's automobile production and sales have maintained rapid growth for nearly 10 years, and the automobile industry has developed into a pillar industry of the Chinese economy. In 2009, China's automobile production and sales exceeded 13 million units, ranking first in the world. By 2011, China's automobile production and sales exceeded 19 million units, ranking first in the world for 3 consecutive years.With the intensified competition in the auto parts industry, mergers and acquisitions and capital operations between large auto parts companies are becoming more frequent. Domestic excellent auto parts manufacturers are paying more and more attention to the research of the industry market, especially the development environment and In-depth research on changes in customer demand trends. Because of this, a large number of outstanding domestic auto parts brands have risen rapidly and gradually become the leader in the auto parts industry. For details, please refer to the "In-depth Market Research and Investment Prospect Analysis Report of China's Auto Parts Manufacturing Industry"!Domestic parts are mainly used for self-owned brand cars. The market share is low. Data from the Ministry of Commerce shows that foreign capital controls most of the market share of auto parts, and sales of domestic parts account for only 20% -25% of the entire industry. Auto parts manufacturers with foreign investment background account for more than 75% of the entire industry. Among these foreign suppliers, wholly-owned enterprises account for 55%, and Sino-foreign joint ventures account for 45%. Local parts and components are mainly used in self-owned brand cars with a low market share. In the fields of high-tech content such as automotive electronics and engine parts, the foreign capital market share is as high as 90%. Among them, the output of core components such as electronic fuel injection systems, engine management systems, ABS and airbags, automatic transmissions, etc. The percentages are 100%, 100%, 91%, and 69%, respectively.Auto parts manufacturers are becoming a globalized trend, leaving the auto companies and forming specialized parts groups. Almost all of the world-renowned automobile and parts companies have established joint ventures or wholly-owned enterprises in China, and more than 1,000 joint ventures have introduced technology. A number of domestic high-tech, good-efficiency, large-scale automobile and component companies have gradually grown. As the international automotive industry begins to implement the "global procurement" strategy for parts and components and the localization strategy of international multinational auto companies, a huge gap in parts and accessories will emerge in the domestic market. By 2010, the domestic output value of China's auto parts will reach about 700 billion yuan.In a certain period, although the global economy has declined as a whole, according to actual procurement practices in the past four to five years, the results of China's procurement are not as optimistic as predicted by a large number of companies, and almost 80% of companies have not reached their procurement volume and procurement decline. Cost target. With the appreciation of the renminbi and the decline in the export tax rebate rate, the pressure on Chinese procurement is even greater. International buyers have shifted their sights to Vietnam, India, Thailand, Australia and other countries and regions at the same time. From the above, China's auto parts industry will still accelerate its growth under the current financial crisis.

Industry Status

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According to customs import and export data compiled by the China Automobile Industry Association, the value of China's auto exports continued to increase slightly in 2014, with a cumulative export value of US $ 84.314 billion, a year-on-year increase of 7.08%. Among them, the export value of auto parts and components was US $ 64.617 billion, an increase of 8.02% year-on-year, a slight slowdown from the previous year; accounting for 76.64% of the total export of automobile products, and its share increased by 0.36 percentage points from the previous year. The proportion of automobile exports is only 15.23%, which is far lower than the proportion of parts exports. Overall, the situation of auto parts export in 2014 is good. The export of parts and components has become the main factor driving the growth of automobile merchandise exports. The four major categories of automobile parts (engines, auto parts, accessories and bodywork, automobiles, motorcycle tires, and other automobile-related products) have seen an increase in export value over the previous year, of which a total of 3.622 million engines were exported, a year-on-year increase of 10.56%. ; The export value was 1.680 billion US dollars, an increase of 6.69% year-on-year; the export value of auto parts, accessories and bodywork was 35.359 billion US dollars, an increase of 11.96% year-on-year, a significant increase over the previous year; the export value of automobiles, motorcycle tires and other automobile-related goods increased by Last year, it slowed down, with exports of US $ 15.151 billion and US $ 12.427 billion, respectively, an increase of 1.83% and 5.43% year-on-year.Looking at the export data from January to December 2014, among the four major categories of auto parts, the export value of auto parts, accessories and car bodies still occupies half of the country. In general, the export product structure has not changed much, and the added value of export products has not increased significantly.In addition, from the performance of the seven major types of exported components (electronically controlled fuel injection devices, vehicle bodies, seat belts, airbag devices, transmissions, drive axles, shock absorbers) organized by the China Automobile Association, the electronically controlled fuel injection devices There has been a serious decline, with a total of 3.128 million sets of exports, a year-on-year decrease of 69.92%. The other six categories showed a certain increase, among which the export value of seat belts, drive axles and shock absorbers achieved double-digit growth year-on-year, the overall performance was relatively good, and the remaining three categories achieved small increases.

[1]

Development mileage

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Corporate RestructuringMajor auto companies in the world have reformed their supply systems and implemented global production and global procurement, that is, from purchasing from multiple auto parts manufacturers to purchasing from a few system suppliers; from single auto parts procurement to module procurement; by implementing domestic procurement Transform into global sourcing. The change of the purchasing system of the auto manufacturers requires auto parts manufacturers to continuously adapt to them. Not only does auto parts manufacturers need to expand their capabilities and improve product development capabilities to achieve system development and system supply, but also requires them to shorten development. Cycle, providing quality and cheap products. This change has promoted the process of mergers and acquisitions and restructuring of the auto parts industry worldwide.

Chain developmentThe market concentration is higher than in previous years. Automakers are gradually becoming more modular and systematic in their purchases. Cooperation between suppliers is becoming closer. As a result, the global auto parts supplier system has gradually evolved into a pagoda structure. The first-tier manufacturers are responsible for the management of the entire supply chain, making the cooperation between supply chains more standardized. Companies developing like this are top in their respective markets. They occupy 80% of the market and dominate the high-end market. The head of a component company said: "With the rapid growth of vehicle production and sales, the component companies have encountered a rare opportunity. If they do not catch the express train, they will fall behind and be eliminated."

skill improvedMajor auto parts manufacturers have applied aerospace, aerospace and electronics technologies to auto parts and assemblies. Safety technology, electronic technology, energy saving technology and environmental protection technology have been widely used in automobiles. Especially the new technology represented by electronic information technology is not only widely used in automotive products, but also extends to various aspects such as development design, trial production, production and management; it is not only applied to individual automotive parts, but has also been applied to System assembly.Parts companies set up R & D centers, which can "quickly" meet the urgent needs of the market and quickly develop products; can be "quasi", close to the market and achieve "localization"; can be "new" and apply more new technologies to production Among them, that is to ensure quality and reduce costs. In fact, for some new technologies, component companies are leading OEMs.

GlobalizationIn order to reduce costs and occupy the market, many auto parts multinational companies have developed internationally. European auto parts manufacturers have invested overseas for international production; North American auto parts manufacturers have invested in Europe and want to expand in the Eastern European market; Japanese auto companies have also continuously established their own branch production facilities worldwide. Emerging Asian markets are the focus of competition among major auto parts multinational companies, and China is their indispensable place.

Cylinder inspection

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How to analyze the test results of engine cylinder tightness.There are seven factors affecting the tightness of the cylinder, which are mainly the problems of cylinder wear, piston ring damage, piston wear, valve seat damage, valve guide wear, cylinder gasket damage, valve clearance and other problems.What are the commonly used diagnostic methods? It mainly measures the vibration measurement of cylinder pressure, crankcase blow-by gas, cylinder leakage and leakage rate, intake pipe vacuum degree, abnormal noise caused by excessive wear of cylinder piston group, and the wear metal in crankcase is particle content. Determination.For the measurement of cylinder compression pressure, it is mainly the pressure at the end of compression of a four-stroke engine. Due to factors such as the pressure of the cylinder and the viscosity of the oil and the cylinder piston group, whether the adjustment of the valve train is correct, the tightness of the cylinder gasket, and other factors, so when measuring the pressure of the engine cylinder, you can diagnose the cylinder piston If the sealing of the piston ring, valve, and cylinder gasket is good, the clearance of the valve must be appropriate.The main test method for testing the tightness of the engine is to blow the dirt around the spark plug with compressed air first, and then remove the spark plug. For gasoline, the secondary high-voltage line of the ignition system should be pulled out in order to reliably ground. This is to prevent electric shock and fire. Insert the conical rubber plug of the special cylinder pressure gauge into the spark plug hole measured by the cylinder. It must be straightened and pressed. In the open position, the starter must drive the corresponding crankshaft to rotate. If the needle indication of the pressure gauge is maintained, the rotation must be stopped after the maximum pressure reading. Finally, remove the pressure gauge and take down the reading.

Innovation

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The annual National Two Sessions has been opened. The two sessions in 2011 are a summary of the key points of the 11th Five-Year Plan and the 12th Five-Year Plan . Therefore, the topic of how the automotive industry will grow bigger and stronger during the

two sessions in

2011 will naturally not change. Will be less.The main theme of the 12th Five-Year Plan of the automobile industry is to be strong. The core of strengthening is to have core technology, core competitiveness, and strengthen independent innovation. In a certain period of time, the independent innovation of the vehicle has progressed, and new products can be developed using existing foreign platforms, but platform development is still a weak point. Auto parts innovation has been neglected, and the self-owned brand parts industry has long been marginalized. As auto parts manufacturers may not have many representatives in the two sessions, the two sessions have heard little discussion in this regard.Data from the Ministry of Commerce shows that foreign capital controls the vast majority of the market share of auto parts, and sales of domestic parts account for only 20% -25% of the entire industry, and auto parts manufacturers with a foreign background account for more than 75% of the entire industry Among these foreign suppliers, wholly-owned enterprises accounted for 55%, and Sino-foreign joint ventures accounted for 45%. Local parts and components were mainly used in self-owned brand cars, and their market share was low.In the fields of high-tech content such as automotive electronics and engine parts, the foreign capital market share is as high as 90%. Among them, the output of core components such as electronic fuel injection systems, engine management systems, ABS and airbags, automatic transmissions, etc. The percentages are 100%, 100%, 91%, and 69%, respectively.Compared with the entire vehicle, the cycle of component investment is longer, the capital threshold is higher, and the operating risk is greater. Today, the dilemma of the lack of core technology of automotive components in China still clearly exists. Most domestic auto parts companies are concentrated in low-end fields with low technical content and low profit levels, and prices have become almost the only means of competition for Chinese companies. In this way, the parts and components industry has gradually become a hurdle in China's auto industry, which seriously restricts the implementation of China's auto power strategy.The automobile and auto parts industry must seize opportunities to promote the automobile industry from the aspects of cultivating the automobile consumer market, promoting the restructuring of the automobile industry, supporting independent innovation of enterprises, technological transformation, vigorously developing new energy vehicles, cultivating independent brands, expanding exports, and developing modern automobile service industries. Adjust and revitalize.With regard to the development direction of China's auto parts, the 12th Five-Year Plan proposes that auto parts is one of the four major development priorities. The key issue is to improve independent innovation capabilities and achieve breakthroughs in key assembly technologies and electronic technologies. New energy vehicles will drive the development of new energy components such as batteries and motors. The formation of the automobile industry group will bring pressure on the restructuring and adjustment of the parts and components industry, and it must achieve scale. The export of low value-added products will face greater trade frictions, and the industrial structure must be adjusted.

Auto parts meet the challenge of opportunity

Opportunity 1: High growth of the domestic auto market"In the next ten years, China ’s demand for automobiles will remain at an average annual growth rate of 13% -15%. Compared with the world ’s automobile powers, China ’s automobile market has a relatively long period of rapid growth. From 2009 to 2023, the span is about 15 years, which is a good development opportunity for all domestic component companies. "China has its own special national conditions, and our income gap is larger than those of automobile powerhouses. The size of the income gap will play a crucial role in the speed of popularization of durable consumer goods. The smaller the income gap, the shorter the spread of durable consumer goods, and vice versaThe relatively large income gap has determined that the speed of the popularization of China's automobiles is relatively slow. Therefore, China's automobile market will maintain a longer period of continuous growth, which has also won a competitive advantage for independent brand companies with relatively weak competitiveness in a certain period of time. Relatively long development time.Opportunity 2: Accelerating the pace of internationalization of the domestic automobile industry"During the 12th Five-Year Plan, the country will vigorously promote the internationalization of the automotive industry and encourage auto companies to go global. With the internationalization of OEMs, it will also play a good role in driving China's independent component companies. "

Xu Changming

said."The selling points of our automotive products are highly compatible with those of consumers who have grown rapidly in a certain period of time. In a certain period of time, the world ’s fastest-growing automotive product sales are in South America, and in Asia outside Japan and South Korea. And the African market is also growing rapidly. And the people in these countries are more inclined to low-priced automotive products. At the same time, as the country actively promotes the internationalization of the automotive industry, China will soon become a powerful automobile country. Under the general background, component companies will also usher in new development opportunities.Opportunity three: rapid development of autonomous vehicle companies"A new change is taking place in China's auto market. The second- and third-tier markets, especially the third-tier market, are becoming the main growth and support points for China's automobile development in the future. Consumers in the third-tier market are not so sensitive to foreign famous cars. On the contrary, they value the economic applicability of automobiles and are influenced by traditional Chinese ideas. They have their own preferences for the shape of automobiles. In response to these characteristics, independent brand cars have a development advantage in them. "With the gradual strengthening of domestic independent brand enterprises, it will also drive the rapid development of domestic component companies. While domestic independent brand enterprises are welcoming opportunities, they are also facing challenges. One of the challenges is that the cost advantage of independent component companies is being weakened. As the

prices

of

production factors

continue to rise, the cost of independent component companies is gradually increasing. However, due to the continuous expansion of scale and the continuous advancement of research and development, wholly foreign-owned and joint-venture component companies have continued to reduce costs.

Market barriers

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(1)

Barriers to entry of

vehicle parts procurement system

The

pyramid

-shaped supporting relationship between OEMs and component companies has formed a relatively fixed interdependence between OEMs and auto component companies, and their cooperation is relatively strong. It is more difficult for new entrants to replace the original supporting suppliers.(2) Barriers to quality system certification, process review and product approvalThe host manufacturer must strictly select and control the component supporting enterprises. First, component companies must establish an internationally recognized

third-party

quality system designated by the mainframe manufacturer , such as ISO / TS16949; second, mainframe manufacturers must also conduct various aspects of the component supporting factory (such as

QCLDM

-Quality / Cost / Logistics / R & D / Five aspects of management) Strict scoring audits and on-site manufacturing process audits. Finally, each ancillary product must undergo strict quality audits and undergo a long-term product installation test assessment.(3)

Technical barriers

Most auto parts manufacturers have formed unique production processes in the production process. These production processes have unique competitive advantages in improving

product performance

,

product reliability

, production efficiency, and

reducing costs

. In addition, the main engine supporting market requires

suppliers to

have strong new technology and new product development capabilities, and actively participate in the simultaneous development of vehicle manufacturers' products.

development trend

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The first is that foreign-funded component companies are accelerating their entry into China.

As the Chinese automobile industry develops in depth, many foreign parts and components companies are accelerating their investment in China. For example, the world-renowned parts and components system supplier Germany Bosch Chassis System Second Factory settled in Chengdu.

The second is that new energy auto parts will become investment hotspots.

China has listed new energy vehicles as a strategic emerging industry. Under this situation, the establishment of new energy vehicle and key component industrial bases across the country has been fully launched. In the future, domestic investment in new energy vehicles and key components will be Keep increasing.

The third is mergers and acquisitions and overseas mergers and acquisitions will gradually accelerate.

The intensifying price war in the OEM market is also eating away at the profit margin of the component industry. OEMs are increasingly demanding to reduce costs and ensure profits. However, although the output value of China's auto parts industry is large, the scale effect has not been exerted, so the integration and reorganization of the auto parts industry is imperative. It is foreseeable that China's auto parts industry will enter the stage of accelerated integration in the next few years. On the one hand, scale effects can be achieved through horizontal and vertical integration between domestic enterprises; on the other hand, overseas mergers and acquisitions to achieve production, market and other resources globally Optimize the scope and obtain advanced technology and management experience.

The fourth is that cluster development will drive rapid regional economic growth.

The auto parts industry has formed six auto parts industry clusters in the northeast, central China, Beijing and Tianjin, the Yangtze River Delta, the southwest, and the Pearl River Delta. Industrial clustering makes the division of labor more precise, more specialized, and easier to achieve scale, makes information more centralized and faster, the pace of technological innovation is faster, logistics is easier to organize, and economic benefits are significantly improved.

Longevity Tricks

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Avoid heatThe engine piston temperature is too high, which may cause overheating and melting to cause cylinder holding; rubber seals, triangle tapes, tires, etc. are overheated, which is prone to premature aging, decreased performance, and shortened service life; starters, generators, regulators and other electrical equipment The coil is overheated and easily burned and scrapped.AvoidThe engine cylinder gasket cannot be reversed during installation, otherwise the cylinder gasket will be prematurely ablated and damaged; the engine fan blades cannot be reversed during installation; for tires with directional patterns and herringbone pattern tires, the ground impression after installation should be The chevron points to the back.Avoid dirtyIf the fuel filter, oil filter, air filter, hydraulic oil filter and various filters are too dirty, the filtering effect will be deteriorated. Dirty parts such as water tank fins, air-cooled engine block and cylinder head fins, and cooler fins will cause poor heat dissipation and high temperature.AvoidEngine valve lock plates should be installed in pairs, such as missing or missing will lead to valve out of control and damage the piston, etc .; engine connecting rod bolts, flywheel bolts, split pins installed on drive shaft bolts, locking screws, safety plates or If the anti-loosening device such as a spring pad is not installed, it may cause serious faults in use; if the oil nozzle used to lubricate the gears in the engine timing gear room is leaked, it will cause serious oil leakage there.Avoid washingFor the paper air filter of the engine, do not use any oil for cleaning; for leather parts, it is not suitable to use oil for cleaning.Avoid oilIf the paper filter element of the engine dry air filter is stained with oil, it is easy to suck the mixed gas with a higher concentration into the cylinder, so that the amount of air is insufficient, the fuel consumption is increased, and the engine power is reduced; if the triangle tape is stained with oil, Corrosion and aging will be accelerated; oil on brake shoes, friction plates of dry clutches, and brake belts will threaten driving safety. Tire rubber is very sensitive to oil corrosion, and contact with oil will soften or peel the rubber.Avoid pressureIf tire tyres are stored for a long time under stacking and are not flipped in time, they will deform due to squeezing; if the paper filter elements of air filters and fuel filters are squeezed, they cannot reliably perform the filtering function; Rubber oil seals, triangle tapes, tubing, etc. cannot be squeezed.Avoid duplicatesSome parts should be used once, but the individual driver or repairman reuses them for the sake of economy or because they do not understand the "taboo", which can easily lead to accidents.Avoid fireRubber products such as tires, triangle tapes, cylinder liners, rubber seals, etc., will be easily deteriorated or damaged if they are near the source of fire. On the other hand, it may also cause fire accidents.