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Introduction – Measurements 

Today I went to buy a T.V. of about 42 inches. At that time, I saw various gadgets of different sizes and shapes in that shop, and the thought of putting this blog on measurements popped up in my mind. Actually, after finishing buying, I came out of that shop. Suddenly my attention was caught by an under-construction building in which every pillar and slab was built in the proper size and shape that can hold the whole construction. Then I saw a fruit vendor sailing fruits and weighing them on the machine. You might think, why am I discussing all these daily things. But you know we all daily use to see all these happenings but have you ever wondered what if these measurement units were not discovered? What Is The History of Measurement? Who Discovered Measurement? Types of Measurement, old units of measurement, What is the Metric system, and Who Invented The Metric System? And many more.

What Is the History of Measurement  

During the 3rd or 4th millennium B.C., the earliest system of weights and measurements originated. There are various systems for measurements are already existed since the ancient era. In the old days, people used to measure their agricultural stuff using multiple styles. And the names for all these units originated from human morphology.

Like they use their hands and foot for the measurement. The unit of length is the stretched, straight distance between the tip of the thumb and the pinky figure’s tip. And, well foot is itself named unit as a foot. Still, the need for standardized measurements is due to false and dynamicity in different persons’ palm and foot lengths.

A modernized, simplified, uniform system of weights and measurement was developed in the 18th century. But before these, some countries like France have measuring units for almost every profession at that time. The growing industry and world make the necessity for single standardized units dire. The word Measurement comes from the Greek word Metron meaning limited proportion. 

Who Discovered Measurement

To Read further- https://mundus2035.com/measurement-history-a-way-towards-progress/

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Coffee – The Most Energizing Ancient Drink

History of Coffee

Coffee – The Most Energizing Ancient Drink

History of Coffee

There are many tales about the history of coffee about how coffee introduces into the world? What is its origin? Who discovered it? How was it made? Etc. The most promising hold of coffee in the world started after World War II. Coffee helps the soldiers stay energetic and awake overnight during the war. Initially, it is limited to some wealthy families and army pupils, but later it gets used by the local community. It has a vast history, from its use in spiritual intoxication to the erotic stimulant. Mocha in the Yamen has shown most historical events of the coffee trade during the early modern era.

Today coffee industry holds $36 billion in America and shows a continuous increase of about 3.8% since 2010. German is the most coffee lovers import a large amount of coffee than any other country in the United States. By stepping forward, the coffee world does not remain limited only to the homemade black hot beverage. The business world looks at coffee as a colossal brand business. And coffee houses popped up with necessities for people who can sit, discuss and plan much more productive work there. The first coffee house popped up in 1677 in Hamburg. 

Who Invented Coffee?

To Read Further - https://mundus2035.com/coffee-the-most-energizing-anient-drink/

Today coffee industry holds $36 billion in America and shows a continuous increase of about 3.8% since 2010. German is the most coffee lovers import a large amount of coffee than any other country in the United States. By stepping forward, the coffee world does not remain limited only to the homemade black hot beverage. The business world looks at coffee as a colossal brand business. And coffee houses popped up with necessities for people who can sit, discuss and plan much more productive work there. The first coffee house popped up in 1677 in Hamburg. 

Who Invented Coffee?

To Read Further - https://mundus2035.com/coffee-the-most-energizing-anient-drink/

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We all know that Shah Jahan built the Taj Mahal, which would have accompanied the iconic white mausoleum built in memory of his wife, Mumtaz Mahal.

According to the legend, Shah Jahan’s dream of the Black Taj Mahal was never realized because he was overthrown by his son Aurangzeb before he could start building it.

Historians have not found solid evidence to confirm this story. Instead, it remains more of a captivating rumor than a proven fact.

Despite the lack of concrete proof, the mystery surrounding the Black Taj Mahal remains, and people love background stories. Sometimes, they spread like bushfire. The discovery of darkened marble remnants in Mehtab Bagh, a garden complex near the Taj Mahal, partly fuels this story.

These fragments might be remnants of various construction projects; some enthusiasts speculate they could be leftover pieces intended to construct the proposed black monument.

The allure of the Black Taj Mahal lies in its symbolism and the contrast it presents to the Taj Mahal we know today.

Taj Mahal stands as a symbol of love and beauty in pristine white marble; the idea of its black counterpart adds a layer of mystery and intrigue.

It represents the unfulfilled dreams of its creator and the complexities of human ambition and destiny.

Fact: No, there is no Black Taj Mahal

To read further - https://mundus2035.com/5-myths-about-the-taj-mahal-that-arent-true/

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The Importance Of Apple Computers In Human History

Apple Computers hold a unique place in history. Its journey is remarkable, from its modest beginnings in a garage to its global tech dominance.

But why is Apple so significant in the grand narrative of history?

The Birth of the Apple Computers Revolution

Before Apple, personal computing was a distant dream. With the release of the Apple I in 1976, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak kickstarted a revolution, democratising computing power.

Innovations That Redefined Technology

Apple didn’t just make products; it redefined entire industries. Apple’s innovations pushed boundaries and set new standards from the Macintosh to the iPod, iPhone, and iPad. With each release, Apple captivated consumers with sleek design and user-friendly experiences.

Cultural Impact and Influence of Apple Computers

Beyond technology, Apple’s impact extends into culture. Its products have become status symbols and tools for self-expression. Apple empowered millions to unleash their creativity and change the world in both big and small ways. To read further- https://mundus2035.com/the-history-of-apple-computers-and-steve-jobs-you-need-to-know/

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China’s Han dynasty was the first to establish the Silk Road, The aggression of China was also famous even in ancient times.

BRI: Belt and Road Initiative by China – Under 500 words

This Belt and Road initiative is inspired by the Silk Road. During ancient times, the Silk Road connected the East and West, it spanned over 6000 kilometers, and trade was smooth because of this Silk Road.

The routes for the Silk Road included:

Land Routes:

Northern Silk Road: This route stretched from China through Central Asia, skirting the northern edge of the Taklamakan Desert. It crossed through important cities like Xi’an, Dunhuang, Turfan, Samarkand, Bukhara, and Merv, moving towards the Black Sea and the Mediterranean.

Southern Silk Road: This route passed through the Gobi Desert and the Tarim Basin. It went through cities like Kashgar, Yarkand, Khotan, and Dunhuang, and then made its connectivity with the Northern Silk Road in Samarkand. As the route moved forward it connected to Persia, Mesopotamia, and Anatolia to reach Europe.

Steppe Route: This route ran through the steppes of Central Asia, north of the Tian Shan Mountains. It was helpful for trade between nomadic tribes and the more settled civilizations along the other Silk Road routes.

Maritime Routes:

South China Sea Route: This route connected China with Southeast Asia, India, and the Arabian Peninsula. India was famous for spices and exotic goods and this route was all about spices.

Indian Ocean Route: This route connected India with the Middle East and East Africa. It was important for the trade of spices, textiles, and slaves.

Red Sea Route: This route connected the Arabian Peninsula with Egypt and the Mediterranean world. It was used for transporting silk and other luxury goods from China to Europe.

Additional Routes:

Silk Roads to the north: Routes extended from China through Mongolia and Siberia, reaching the Black Sea and the Baltic Sea.

Silk Roads to the south: Routes connected China with Southeast Asia, India, and Sri Lanka.

To Read Further - Mundus 2035

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Why are Hezbollah and other Islamic nations trying to attack Israel What is Ummah

The English translation of this simple word is “Community,” representing both a sentimental and political concept in Islam that advocates for the Universal Community of Muslims. This theory is based on the monotheistic laws of “Tawhid.”

“This Ummah is interdependent, and what harms one will cause pain to all.” This sentence is crucial for understanding every conflict occurring in the Muslim world.

Israel, as a Jewish nation, initiated its retaliation against Hamas in response to a heinous act committed against Israeli citizens. As the attack on Hamas unfolded, the Muslim world became divided into two groups: Islamic countries like Turkey, Iran, and Syria expressed strong opposition, while some other Islamic nations criticized Israel but refrained from taking significant action against it.

Hezbollah

This political party is recognized as a terrorist organization by some countries. The name Hezbollah means ‘Party of Allah,’ and the group is backed by Iran.

Hezbollah, which supports the Palestinian group Hamas, claimed responsibility for one of the 11 attacks carried out on Thursday, targeting an Israeli barracks in Mattat, a village abutting the Lebanese border.

To Read Further- Mundus 2035

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How heavily doped Zener diodes work

Ray: Hey Mysterio, have you ever wondered how heavily doped Zener diodes work? I mean, they seem like these tiny electronic heroes, but I’m not entirely sure what makes them tick.

Mysterio: Ah, Ray, my curious friend! Heavily doped Zener diodes are indeed fascinating creatures in the world of electronics. You see when they’re heavily doped – meaning they have many impurities deliberately added during manufacturing – they exhibit some unique properties.

Ray: Impurities? That sounds kind of counterintuitive. Why would you want to add impurities to something?

Mysterio: Great question, Ray! Adding impurities, or doping, changes the behaviour of the semiconductor material in the diode. In the case of Zener diodes, this heavy doping creates a situation where the diode can operate in the breakdown region.

Ray: Breakdown region? Is that a bad thing?

Mysterio: Not necessarily, Ray. In the breakdown region, the Zener diode allows current to flow in the reverse direction without getting damaged. It’s like a controlled leakage, if you will.

Ray: Okay, I think I’m getting it. So, how does this controlled leakage help in circuits?

Mysterio: Excellent question, my friend! When used in a circuit, heavily doped Zener diodes act as voltage regulators. They maintain a constant voltage across their terminals, regardless of the current passing through them. It’s like they’re the guardians of stable voltage in the chaotic world of electronics.

Ray: Guardians of stable voltage, huh? That’s a cool way to put it. But, how exactly do they manage to do that?

Mysterio: It’s all about that breakdown region we talked about earlier. As the voltage across the diode reaches a specific value, it enters the breakdown region, allowing a controlled amount of current to flow. This stabilizes the voltage and prevents it from going too high.

Ray: So, Zener diodes are like the traffic cops of voltage in a circuit?

Mysterio: Precisely, Ray! They ensure the voltage doesn’t go haywire, maintaining order and stability in the electronic neighbourhood.

Ray: Wow, that’s pretty neat! I never thought such small components could have such a crucial role.

Mysterio: Indeed, Ray. The world of electronics is full of these hidden marvels. Understanding how heavily doped Zener diodes work gives us the power to create more reliable and stable circuits. It’s like uncovering the secrets of the electronic universe, one component at a time.

To Read Further - Mundus 2035

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What is an electric vehicle (EV)?

       As the name implies, an electric vehicle (EV) is a vehicle that provides traction through an electric motor that draws electricity from a battery and can be charged from external sources.

       Electric vehicles (EVs) can be driven with the help of one or more than one fuel. Some are purely electricity, which stores the electricity as fuel in batteries, and some vehicles use hybrid mode, which means a vehicle that can be powered by electricity stored in the battery and by an internal combustion engine. This vehicle is known as a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (EV).

     We will discuss all these types of vehicles and their infrastructures in this blog.

History of the electric vehicle (EV)

       In the 17th and 18th centuries, steam-powered vehicles were first built.in 1672, it was built as a toy for the Kangxi emperor.

In 1886, the first gas-fuelled car received the first patent from the owner of the all-time famous cars in history, Karl Benz. This was the start of transportation using machines. Before that, we all know horses and ponies were used for transportation and traveling purposes.

      But this was the start of conventional cars and vehicles. No one would have ever thought about a mode of transportation where we could sit back and travel distances of not just kilometers but cities over cities in the historical era when people used to travel on horseback and probably by walking.

      People were initially reluctant to the idea of mechanized transportation. Not only this but when the first idea of an electric vehicle (EV) was pitched, people started making myths and doubting its ability.

     Around 1832, Robert Anderson developed the first crude electric vehicle (EV). But until the 1870s, it wasn’t in practice. So basically, the crude EV is powered by a disposable battery with crude oil used to generate electricity. This was the first electric vehicle (EV) invention.

    In pursuing electric mobility, Anderson was not alone in the near period. Anyos Jedlik, a Hungarian scientist, and Sibrandus Stratingh, a Dutch professor, invented their respective electric vehicle (EV) models.

 At the same time, an American blacksmith who turned out to be an inventor invented an integral component of an electric motor that helped produce the first electric car.

 As these inventors were trying to produce the various integral components used in electric vehicles (EVs), William Morrison, a chemist who lived in America, built the first practical electric car.

          This vehicle was a traditional horse-drawn surrey carriage converted to fit a battery. Morrisons electric carriage has a maximum speed of 32km/hr (which is 20 miles) and a maximum capacity of 12 people.

To Read Further- MUNDUS 2035

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Introduction to electric motor

Let’s understand the Classification of electric motor, DC motor, Construction of DC motor. Working of DC Motor, Advantages of DC motor, Disadvantages of DC motor.

What is an electric motor?

An electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, which people then use for mechanical work. So, an Electric motor is a converting device that is useful for mechanical work.

Ex. A famous example of work done using an electric motor is in our home, which pulls water from a tank. Whenever we hear the word motor, this is the first example that comes to mind. It is a general-purpose application where the input supply given is electricity, and pulling water from the tank is mechanical work that will be done using an electric motor.

In short, an electric motor is a machine that acts as a medium that converts one form of energy to another, which is used to perform the required mechanical work.

To Read Futher - MUNDUS 2035

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Introduction

Today in this blog, we will discuss What a blobfish is, Where a blobfish is Located, Blobfish Under The Sea and Looks of Blobfish.

It is part of our drawing books, yes, and how? Everyone among us had drawn a very basic and somehow shapeless fish drawing at least once in our childhood. But, have you ever thought if that shapeless, bulgy fish has become a real creature? Yes, that ugly creature really exists; its name is a Blobfish. A fat, lazy, typical bottom feeder is a totally new animal to this world. You might have seen the blobfish in emojis, memes, or as plush toys.

Despite its ugly looks, have you ever considered the reason behind its looks and very rare appearance? What are these animals’ ecological and environmental values, and what is the reason behind their natural selection? This animal makes us think about all these and many more questions about its appearance. Unfortunately, it remains a mystery to this day. 

So today, we will explore one more Australian creature found in New Zealand and Tasmania. 

What is Blobfish?

A member of the Psychrolutidae family is getting recognition because of its ugly look and rarer features than normal fish. It is a deep ocean fish that lives about 600 to 1200 meters underwater. Because of its large head and floppy appearance, people also call it the “Fathead Sculpin.” In some articles, the fish was explained with the nickname Mr Blobby.  

The name blobfish describes many different species and members of the family Psychrolutidae. Unfortunately, these species remain in a box because of less economic value and exposure. But recently, the comedian and science communicator Simon Watt put light on such rare and ugly animals with its initiative called UGLY ANIMAL PRESERVATION SOCIETY. According to the competition held by an ugly animal preservation society in 2013, blobfish was nominated as the ugliest animal globally.

Researchers found and photographed the first specimen of its particular species in New Zealand in 1983. Then, after a long time, in 2003, researchers described and identified it. Till now, there has been a huge time gap for the reappearance of this deep-sea.

To Read Further - Mundus 2035

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Artificial Intuition: Can Machines Learn To Make Intuitive Decisions?

What is Intuition?Intuition is a term used to describe the ability to understand or know something without conscious reasoning or logical analysis. It’s often described as a “gut feeling” or a sense of knowing something to be true without being able to explain why. Intuition is an integral part of human decision-making and problem-solving, and it plays a role in many aspects of our lives, from personal relationships to business strategy.Philosophers and scientists have debated the concept of intuition for centuries. It isn’t easy to pinpoint a single person or moment when intuition was first discovered or defined, as the idea of intuition has evolved and been explored by many scholars and thinkers.One of the earliest recorded discussions of intuition comes from the ancient Greek philosopher Plato, who wrote about the idea of “a guiding spirit” that provides knowledge beyond what can be learned through observation and reason.

To Read Further - https://mundus2035.com/artificial-intuition-can-machines-learn-to-make-intuitive-decisions/

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East India Company : A Global Trading Powerhouse| All You Need To Know

The East India Company was a big trading company from Britain that started in the 1600s. It was set up to trade goods like spices, silk, and tea between Britain and places like India and Southeast Asia.But as it grew, it got more involved in governing parts of India.It became powerful, controlling trade and even running parts of India as a government.This had a huge impact, changing people’s lives in India and Britain.The company’s actions led to Britain eventually taking complete control of India.But, because of problems like mismanagement and controversy, the British government ended the company’s rule in 1874. This marked the beginning of direct British control over India.Origins and early days of the East India CompanyThe East India Company traces its beginnings back to the early 17th century when England sought to tap into the lucrative trade routes of the East Indies, encompassing regions like present-day India and Southeast Asia.

To continue Reading - https://mundus2035.com/east-india-company-a-global-trading-powerhouse-all-you-need-to-know/

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What Do You Know About Billionaires?

A billionaire is someone who has a lot of money. We’re talking about having at least a billion dollars, euros, or whatever currency you use where you live.It’s a massive amount of wealth that puts them among the wealthiest people in the world.Being a billionaire means buying pretty much anything you want, having a massive say in how things are done in business politics, and even helping others through charity. It’s like being super-rich on a whole different level!How many billionaires in the world are thereIn 2024, there are 2,781 rich people, called billionaires. That’s 141 more than last year and 26 more than the year before that.

To continue Reading - https://mundus2035.com/what-do-you-know-about-billionaires/

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World Wide Web Founder – Tim Berners-Lee On The Evolution Of The IT Sector

What is the Internet and who founded the InternetVinton Cerf and Bob Kahn are the individuals to whom we can give credit for inventing the internet.

They designed the IT sector telecom protocols for the internet. In the beginning, this Internet wasn’t meant for long-distance communication, and neither did we have technology for it that could do so. It was created to establish a network between universities.

To Read Further - https://mundus2035.com/world-wide-web-founder-tim-berners-lee-on-the-evolution-of-the-it-sector/

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From a technical perspective, an atomic bomb is a devastating weapon engineered to unleash massive amounts of energy through nuclear reactions. The term “atomic” refers to the involvement of atomic nuclei in these reactions. There are two primary types of nuclear bombs: fission bombs and fusion bombs.

Fission bombs rely on fissile materials like uranium-235 or plutonium-239. When assembled into a critical mass, these materials undergo nuclear fission, splitting atoms’ nuclei. This process releases immense energy as heat, blast, and radiation.This energy release triggers a chain reaction, rapidly escalating the explosive power of the bomb. to read further check this link - MUNDUS2035

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What do you know about the solar system? Check your knowledge: