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[retinography]

Retinitis pigmentosa

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) with a genetic test revealing the EYS c.5182del (p.Ser1728Valfs*21) mutation typically presents with the classical triad: bone spicule pigmentation, attenuated retinal vessels, and optic disc pallor. These characteristic findings are visible on fundus examination and are crucial for diagnosing and understanding the progression of RP. #RetinitisPigmentosa #EYSGene…

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Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

In Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSC), advanced imaging techniques are crucial for diagnosis and monitoring. En-face OCT imaging of the ellipsoid zone (EZ) provides detailed views of subretinal fluid and photoreceptor integrity, highlighting areas of subretinal fluid (SRF). Fluorescein Angiography (FA) identifies leakage points and areas of choroidal hyperpermeability, essential for assessing…

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aneurysmal Type 1 MNV

In aneurysmal Type 1 macular neovascularization (MNV), Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) is essential for monitoring treatment response. Before anti-VEGF therapy, OCTA reveals abnormal vascular networks and aneurysmal changes. Post-treatment OCTA shows a reduction in neovascularization and aneurysmal structures, indicating the effectiveness of anti-VEGF therapy in controlling the…

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Retinal tear associated with lattice degeneration

Peripheral retinal tears associated with lattice degeneration are best detected using the blue channel in fundus imaging. The blue channel provides superior contrast and clarity compared to color fundus, green channel, and red channel images, making it easier to identify small tears and degenerative changes. This enhanced detection is crucial for timely intervention and preventing retinal…

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CME in Retinitis pigmentosa

In retinitis pigmentosa (RP) with cystoid macular edema (CME), the use of split RGB channels in imaging can be particularly informative. The blue and green channels enhance the visibility of CME, highlighting the fluid-filled cystic spaces in the macula. These channels provide a clearer view of the extent and location of the edema, aiding in diagnosis and management. #RetinitisPigmentosa #CME…

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Cystoid macular edema

Cystoid macular edema (CME) after phacoemulsification can be effectively treated with topical steroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). These treatments reduce inflammation and fluid accumulation in the macula, helping to restore visual acuity and prevent further complications. #CME #Phacoemulsification #TopicalSteroids #NSAIDs #RetinaImaging #retina #oftalmo #ophthalmology…

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Peripheral hemorrhagic exudative chorioretinopathy

Peripheral hemorrhagic exudative chorioretinopathy (PHECR) can be effectively managed through early detection and laser photocoagulation, such as in this case. Early identification of small hemorrhages and exudation using fundus imaging and OCT ensures timely intervention. Laser photocoagulation targets the affected areas, preventing progression and preserving vision. #PHECR #EarlyDetection…

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Sickle cell retinopathy

In sickle cell retinopathy, black sunburst lesions are areas of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) hyperplasia and migration resulting from prior retinal hemorrhages. These lesions appear as dark, pigmented spots with spiculated edges, resembling a sunburst pattern. They are typically located in the mid-periphery of the retina and indicate chronic retinal ischemia and damage. #SickleCellRetinopathy…

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Retinitis pigmentosa

n retinitis pigmentosa (RP), fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging can be performed using green and blue light. Green FAF is superior for visualizing submacular retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) due to less absorption by macular pigment, providing detailed images of peripheral RPE atrophy. Blue FAF is sensitive to lipofuscin accumulation, useful for detecting early macular changes and central…

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Retinal dystrophy - PRPH2

PRPH2-related retinal dystrophy, also known as peripherin-2 related dystrophy, can manifest with various retinal degenerative changes. Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) is a valuable tool in assessing these changes. FAF imaging often shows areas of hyperautofluorescence and hypoautofluorescence, indicating regions of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) stress and atrophy, respectively. This helps in…

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Chorioretinal colobomatous scar

Chorioretinal colobomatous scars caused by presumed toxoplasmosis are characterized by sharply demarcated areas of retinal and choroidal atrophy. These lesions can be identified and monitored using fundus autofluorescence (FAF), which highlights areas of hypoautofluorescence due to RPE loss. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) provides detailed cross-sectional images, revealing structural…

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Serpiginous-like choroiditis

Serpiginous-like choroiditis caused by tuberculosis presents as serpentine or geographic lesions in the choroid and retina. Diagnosis and monitoring can be enhanced with multimodal imaging, including fundus autofluorescence (FAF), fluorescein angiography (FA), and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). These lesions often show active inflammation with surrounding areas of hypoautofluorescence on FAF…

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Sickle cell retinopathy

Sickle cell retinopathy is characterized by peripheral retinal ischemia, which can be effectively visualized using fluorescein angiography (FA). FA reveals areas of non-perfusion and neovascularization, helping to identify the extent of ischemia and guide treatment strategies such as laser photocoagulation to prevent further retinal complications. #SickleCellRetinopathy #FluoresceinAngiography…

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Neovascular AMD

In neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with Type 1 macular neovascularization (MNV), a prechoroidal cleft may be observed. This cleft appears as a hyporeflective space between the neovascular membrane and the choroid on Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). Identifying this feature is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management, guiding treatment with anti-VEGF therapy to address…

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CME and Neovascular AMD

Cystoid macular edema (CME) following phacoemulsification in a patient with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and Type 1 neovascular membrane requires careful management. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) can be used to monitor the edema and the neovascular membrane. Treatment may include anti-VEGF injections and corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and manage the edema. #CME…

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Best's vitelliform dystrophy

Best’s vitelliform dystrophy is an inherited retinal disorder caused by mutations in the BEST1 gene. This condition is characterized by the accumulation of yellowish lipofuscin material in the macula, forming a vitelliform lesion. The progression of the disease can be monitored using fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), which help visualize the structural changes…

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Persistence of myelinated nerve fibers

Persistence of myelinated nerve fibers is a condition where myelin, which typically sheaths the optic nerve, extends abnormally into the retinal nerve fiber layer. This can appear as white, opaque patches on fundus examination, often with feathery edges. Myelinated nerve fibers can sometimes obscure underlying retinal structures and are generally benign but may be associated with visual field…