stepengineering-blog

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Tricks Used for CAD Configuration in Solidworks

When dealing with section alterations may should be made. Keeping the first part is wanted however doing that implies beginning another part without any preparation. Beginning without any preparation just to have a variety of shading or even to change measurements will bring about lost time. The answer for that issue is to utilize SOLIDWORKS’ capacity to make Configurations from a previously existing model. In this blog, we will go over the means on the best way to make appropriate Configurations and how they can be influenced by changes inside the various Configurations.

CAD Configuration

When the Base Design has been made utilizing standard demonstrating rehearses, another variation or arrangement can be determined. It is extremely simple to begin another Configuration of the case and to make another variation select on the Configuration Tab of the Feature Manager Design Tree. Right snap on the top level and Select Add design.

From the right-click menu we can choose to Add design. Presently we need to ensure that inside the Configuration Properties under Advanced Options that we have stifled new highlights and mates confirmed. It’s essential to have it confirmed to guarantee the default setup doesn’t get any of the progressions made to the new arrangement.

Next, to the new Configuration, we will locate the first one under the Default Configuration. Changing names is additionally conceivable and pursues indistinguishable strides from if changing the names of highlights. A moderate double tap will work or a single tick while squeezing the F2 key to change the name.

Since the new setup has been included changes can be made. The main change is to draw what will be the trim on the top piece of the container. To do that simply chooses one of the levels faces and snap on the sketch direction inside the Sketch tab. A straightforward square shape will do in the sketch. The subsequent stage is to expel the square shape. Something very similar will be accomplished for the face on the width. The two expulsions can be reflected. Inside the Features tab, the Mirror Feature is tapped on with the square shape on the length side and the front plane. The expulsion will be reflected. For the square shape on the width face, a similar procedure will pursue except for choosing the correct plane for the Mirror Feature rather than the front. The Mahogany Box’s trim will be done. The subsequent change is to now change the material to Mahogany wood.

For whatever length of time that you have the stifle new highlights choice turned on. The highlights made and material change in the New Configuration won’t be physically present in the Default Configuration and be stifled inside the Feature Manager Design Tree.

Another crate Configuration should be included. This time the setup will be made by utilizing the Modify Configuration Dialog table. The Modify Configuration Dialog table can be gotten to by right-tapping on a measurement, highlight, and Material.

Once inside the table, it can enable us to make another setup just as control include concealment, materials or measurements.

Presently the third design will be included by composing in the Configuration segment. In light of measurements and materials as of now in the Configuration Modify Dialog is what’s accessible to alter for the new Configuration. This can be found in the figure beneath.

The new Configuration will be named Balsa and have its length and width been six inches. The Material will likewise be changed to Balsa wood. Every one of these progressions was made inside the table without setting off to the highlights and transforming them there.

In this article, we’ve secured the fundamentals of making various Configurations. From the simple access to the setup tab to controlling measurements, materials, highlights, and arrangements from the Modify Configuration table.

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Avoid the fright of high utility bills

During this time of year, it is expected to be afraid; Sometimes, you may even be welcome if the encounter results in a chocolate covered gift. However, what is not welcome is the horror of opening your mailbox just to find unexpectedly high utility bills that await you. The question is how can you avoid this scary holiday worthy of Halloween?

 The answer is simple: bring an MEP consultant on board before you start.

 As business owners for more than 15 years (and MEP consultants for longer), we understand that building a business from scratch is not easy. We know first-hand the many expenses you need to consider, from the license and permits to public services and employee salaries. It is daunting to determine exactly where you should spend your money, much less identify what are the best resources available to help you build your business without costing a small fortune.

 One of the best investments you can make from the beginning is to acquire professional services from MEP. MEP consultants partner with architects and business owners in all phases of design and construction, allowing them to implement mechanical, electrical and plumbing systems that not only integrate perfectly with the architecture of their facilities, but also with the technologies used inside the building. MEP consultants can also help minimize the environmental footprint of a building, from the optimization of the HVAC system to reduce emissions to the incorporation of low-energy lighting throughout the interior and exterior of an installation.

Additional benefits of hiring an MEP consultant before construction:

 Mechanical: Multiple systems combine to form your mechanical system. They interact together to maintain temperature, humidity and ventilation within a range that is comfortable and healthy. MEP consultants can design their system to ensure that, among other variables, the environment of their installation is within the recommendations of ASHRAE of 30% and 60% relative humidity.

Electrical Design:

 Working with an MEP consulting company gives you the benefit of multiple experts under one roof, a particularly prominent advantage in the design of HVAC. Mechanical and electrical engineers work together to ensure that the system has the necessary capacity to safely and efficiently meet the needs of the installation.

Plumbing: The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that “the water used in office buildings accounts for approximately 9 percent of total water use in commercial and institutional facilities in the United States. The three largest uses of water in office buildings are bathrooms, heating, cooling and landscaping. ” MEP consultants can help minimize this percentage by incorporating low-flow fixtures in bathrooms, using alternative water sources and optimizing landscape design.

Over time, the cost of hiring an integrated MEP consultant pays for itself, producing huge financial benefits after project completion, such as lower operating costs and higher productivity. Intelligent and informed decisions during the design phase also reduce project costs and material requirements, as well as improve system capabilities. Not to mention that designing a new high-performance building from scratch is much less complex (and expensive) than improving an existing building, since modifying plans and specifications is much less expensive and require less time than modifying an existing building.

Read more about: Electrical Design Services

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Electrical safety checklist: what to do in an emergency

We rely on the supply of energy to operate our homes and offices. However, it is very important to ensure safety around electrical materials, appliances and power lines. May is National Electric Safety Month and, therefore, it is also a perfect time to raise awareness of electrical safety. Know how to avoid a possible electrical hazard by taking simple measures. The following are some steps you can take to easily avoid death, injury, electric shock and property loss.

 Consider the following in case of an electrical emergency:

 Electric fire

 Electrical fires are caused by overload, defective or exposed wiring or when flammable objects are placed near a bulb. In case of electric fire, follow these 4 steps:

 Cut off the power supply

The first thing to do in case of an electric fire is to cut the power supply at the source. Move the circuit breaker box switch in your home and cut off the supply. This will stop the fire in time and reduce the risk of crashes if you are trying to put it out.

 Use a fire extinguisher to put out the fire

In case of an electric fire, you should only use a fire extinguisher classified as Class-C. If the power supply was cut, you can use a Class A water-based fire extinguisher. Continue dispersing the chemical until the fire is completely extinguished.

 Call the fire brigade immediately

Call the fire brigade in case of electrical fires, even after you manage to turn it off. Smoky objects can still catch fire if you could not cut the power supply at the source.

 Evacuate the site

If you cannot control the fire, leave the building as soon as possible and call local authorities. In case your clothes catch fire, stop, drop and roll. Always stay close to the ground and avoid exhaling smoke.

 Electric shocks

 When the electric wires are frayed, the wires are damaged or the power outlets are not controlled, contact with electricity occurs. The following are some steps to consider so that you are prepared to handle an emergency:

Turn off the power supply

As soon as you realize the electrocution, turn off the power as fast as you can. And if it is not near the circuit, try to cut off the contact between the electrical source and the person using an insulated element such as a wooden rod or a PVC pipe.

 Do not touch the person who received an electric shock

If someone is in direct contact with electricity, do not touch it under any circumstances. Keep calm and away.

 Call your local emergency service

Call 911 for help in case of electrical danger. Meanwhile, if you have received CPR or first aid training, administer it. And if you are not trained, the 911 operator will give you the necessary instructions until the responder arrives.

 Unplug the device immediately

As soon as a power outage occurs, turn off the branch circuits and the main switch. This will cut off the power supply to all appliances and electronic devices and ensure electrical safety.

 Hanging or falling power lines

 Downed power lines represent a serious threat to life and property, so they should be treated with extreme caution. If you are near a downed power line, follow these 3 steps:

 Stay at least 40 feet away

A fallen line may be alive even if it does not emit sounds, sparks and lights. To avoid any setback, keep a distance of at least 40 feet from the power line. Also check if there are metal fences, fallen branches, puddles or vehicles that can act as conductive materials and present an electrical hazard.

 Do not touch any object or tree that is in contact with the fallen power line

Trees that are in contact with downed power lines can be conductive. Even if you are not sure if the power line is active, avoid any contact with electrical materials that touch the tree or surround it.

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Basics of electrical tests in product design and engineering

Testing is an important part of the design and production process of any electromechanical device. In addition to understanding the basics of electronics, these devices must be tested to ensure that electricity flows where it should be, and not where it shouldn't. With the electrical design, designers must worry about user safety because the voltages and currents can be very high. With electronics, one is really worried about circuit safety. Voltages are generally not high enough to be dangerous. Fortunately, it is quite simple to test the circuits if it is equipped with some knowledge and the right tools. Read on to learn simple ways to perform electrical tests and incorporate this into the overall production process.

 Basic test procedures generally involve anything you can do with a digital multimeter, such as:

- measure voltage

 - measure current

 - measure resistance

 - measure capacitance

 - verify continuity

 Multimeters are usually your first stop on the troubleshooting train. They are useful for diagnosing circuits and collecting simple information such as the characteristics mentioned above. Fortunately, they are easy to find and reasonably cheap. Some other useful tools for basic tests are those that allow you to verify the power supply (the older models are analog; the new ones are digital); These allow you to set a specific value of voltage and / or current and operate your circuit at those levels. An output monitor is also a good tool to have. They connect to the wall and then connect your device to it. The monitor will tell you what voltage, current, power, etc. It is operating. This information is good for determining how much it will cost to operate a particular device.

Use and update of a basic multimeter for multiple test points

If you are going to test the same points over and over again, you may want to update a basic multimeter ... with a rotary switch. They are quite banal devices, but can be used to increase your ability to perform electrical tests. So how could I use a rotary switch? If you have a device with multiple wires (circuits), you'll want to make sure that electricity flows as expected. Usually, we use a multimeter to perform simple connectivity or continuity tests. A basic multimeter will test only one circuit at a time when the user manually touches the circuit with both ends of the test leads. Do you want a simple update? Try welding some test leads from the multimeter to the common wires on a rotary switch (leaving the male end available for plugging into the multimeter). Then, solder the wires for each respective circuit in one of the different switch positions. Crimp the other ends of the cables with plugs and connect them to some type of adapter (such as a Molex connector) that connects to the device you want to test. Now all you have to do is manually turn the knob on the rotary switch and you will get a reading on the multimeter for each of your test points at once without having to manually identify the lead wires each time. This is a great time saver. Design and engineering for electromechanical design.

 They want more? You can automate the process using a multiplexer, a data acquisition device (DAQ) and some software (something like Labview and NI Test Stand is a good start for companies that can afford it). A multiplexer is an electronic device that takes multiple input signals and generates a single output signal. In terms of complexity, a rotary switch is at one end of the spectrum and a multiplexer is at the other. A multiplexer ("mux") uses software to choose between the various inputs. The multiplexer is essentially a chip that fits into a printed circuit board and is usually connected to the particular device you are testing through a standard connector. The mux connects to a data acquisition device that connects to the computer through a USB. The data acquisition device takes several input signals (multi-level electrical voltages) and transforms them into digital signals. This creates a much greater ability to test electrical circuits for all types of devices.

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What is the Usage of Building Information Modeling in Construction Management?

Building information models plays a major role in construction project management. When building a building, many activities are carried out in pre-construction and post-construction. The entire life cycle of a building can be divided into four main stages - planning, design, construction and operation. The plan and design phase come together under the pre-construction stage and the post-construction operation phase.

During the planning and design phase, It is widely used to develop a three-dimensional model, conduct scheduling of project tasks and stages, make 4D simulation video, cost estimation, energy analysis, and improve sustainability. The BIM modeling methodology allows project team members to come up with creative ideas and provide accurate solutions to customers.

They also facilitates a platform for team members where they can effectively share their work and other important information. To develop a building, it is extremely important to integrate all the architectural, structural, mechanical, electrical and plumbing professions together and make a major 3D coordination model in an accurate way. It allows team members to collaborate and produce efficiently a 3D coordinate model. Building information modeling enhances the collaborative effort of architects, engineers and other team members. The engineer and the engineer can also evaluate the project design to analyze the required energy and other sustainability factors.

It helps general contractors create effective reports on construction and engineering. When building the building, BIM enables contractors to collaborate with subcontractors and vendors and effectively design in relation to project work and design. The owner can also visualize the design and efficiently track the progress of each activity.

They also has many useful uses during the construction phase such as sequencing, visualizing design changes and modernization costs as well as physical takeoff, identifying manpower required and monitoring all field operational activities. It helps professionals make any kind of design changes that help develop an accurate and efficient building.

Once the entire building is built, BIM helps facility managers prepare a maintenance schedule, analyze the entire building system, track and manage assets, and also manage space. At this stage, it also helps professionals perform disaster planning and produce a log model that helps them maintain and operate the building throughout its life cycle. STEP Engineering is a professional engineering consulting firm located in Calgary, Alberta. We are a multi-discipline organization specializing in the oil and gas industry. Our goal is to provide 3d architectural rendering services of the highest quality in order meet the specific needs of every client.

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Things to Keep in Mind during Construction

You may be in a large number of situations: you own a business and build a new operations site, have a loan with a new business opportunity and build a base of operations, adding to the existing building for more space - but what do you do in the meantime?

Unfortunately, besides scheduling construction, hiring contractors and waiting for the unfinished project to complete, you still have work to do. Here are some things to keep in mind as an employer:

1. Advertise

You need to market your new website or your business. Whether you're posting a poster that says "Future site for * your business name *" or starting an online marketing campaign, you should motivate people for your new business.

2. Rally Investors

Creating a new site for your business is not a bad way to deal with some new investors. You may have a lot already, but it can't hurt much and the potential in your new site can convince anyone that your company has some good things to do.

3. Train New Employees

If you are building to support more employees, you will soon have new people who will need training. Consider renting an office or allocating space at your current location to train new employees and start working once the construction project is complete! STEP Engineering is a professional engineering consulting firm offering construction management services, pipeline installation, realistic 3D architectural rendering, and 3d laser scan design integration for oil and gas industry.

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Compliance Tips For 2018 and Beyond

STEP Engineering provides regulatory support for oil and gas infrastructure compliance. Thus, we deliver practical and cost-optimized solutions to ensure regulatory compliance and reduce the risk for the clients. Our services are geared up to help clients quantify their emissions whether they are planned or unplanned.OUR SERVICESRegulatory submission for facilities, wells, and pipelinesAB, BC, SASK Permit Approvals /Applications (AER, OGC, ECON)Well & Pipeline Abandonment (Lease Reclamation & Remediation)Audits and Reviews of Existing FacilitiesLicensee Liability Rating Reporting (LLR)Fugitive Emissions ManagementDehydrator Engineering & Operations Sheets (DEOS)/ Annual ReportingABSA Submission (including Closing Weld Procedures)BuildingAny company that has been in business for more than a few months can attest to the fact that compliance is not only a large part of being in business, it is a mobile goal that almost changes with the seasons. And the last half of 2017 put the focus on full speed compliance with the various scandals and demands that arose throughout the landscape.

In light of these events, Entrepreneur magazine recently published an article with four points that leaders should think about in 2018 and in the future, which we present below.

A unified compliance strategy

Compliance does not work well as a separate department, however, that is the amount, if not most, of the companies operating their compliance programs. It's like an internal affairs department that works behind the scenes and suddenly appears when things are not right. The best option is to integrate compliance throughout the company in each department.

 Compliance with rescue platforms

This is, of course, a dear point to our heart. Legacy software and programs are too cumbersome to manage modern compliance requirements, and even most modern software is too inflexible to keep track of everything. According to the article, most companies use multiple different technology providers for compliance management. That is why we create Compliance Checkpoint to be a single comprehensive, flexible and scalable solution.

 Think about the future to avoid potential risks

Despite the constant demands, scandals and general problems related to compliance, most of them are completely avoidable. The key is not only to be aware of your current compliance situation, but also to consider what could change in the future, including possible regulatory movements, as well as how and where your company could expand and what that could imply.

Make your values ​​known

Frankly, this should already be part of your corporate strategy, but if not, add it to your to-do list. Incorporating and promoting your values ​​as part of your business culture contributes greatly to strengthening the actions you want to encourage and discourage.

STEP Engineering provides regulatory support for oil and gas infrastructure compliance. Thus, we deliver practical and cost-optimized solutions to ensure regulatory compliance and reduce the risk for the clients. Our services are geared up to help clients quantify their emissions whether they are planned or unplanned.

OUR SERVICES

Regulatory submission for facilities, wells, and pipelines

AB, BC, SASK Permit Approvals /Applications (AER, OGC, ECON)

Well & Pipeline Abandonment (Lease Reclamation & Remediation)

Audits and Reviews of Existing Facilities

Licensee Liability Rating Reporting (LLR)

Fugitive Emissions Management

Dehydrator Engineering & Operations Sheets (DEOS)/ Annual Reporting

ABSA Submission (including Closing Weld Procedures)

Building

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What is Construction Management?

Professional construction project management is a super-tuned system designed to facilitate planning, coordination and control of the project from the early stages to the end. Qualified construction managers use specialized project management techniques to organize the project schedule, costs and quality. He is regulated.

Imagine that you undertake a concert. You have an orchestra and conductor in mind, a dream program, you know who you want to invite, and you expect a flawless execution. But have you thought about every detail? Choose the place, dates and ring of your favorite cellist from Hungary, staff, permits, paperwork, rehearsals, guilds, sound engineers, media, print concert program, lighting, piano tuner, consumers, restaurants, etc. Maybe not. For a concert, someone has to manage all of that. In the world of building a complex construction project, overseeing the big picture and fine-tuning details, organizing everything is exactly what the construction management team does.

Construction management services is a highly professional system designed to facilitate planning, coordination and control of a project from inception to completion.

Your team members provide management experience. Once you have a clear vision for your project, they control budgets, launch cost-saving ideas, mitigate risks and ensure communication flows. Their role is to represent the best interests of the owner, and they do so by making sure that the project progresses as smoothly as possible according to the objectives in terms of time and resources. They are able to do it because they know how to manage the construction project step by step - it's what they do.

A construction manager’s bigger view of the project as a whole is essential in order to manage and coordinate the many project  team members, each of whom is focused on their own particular contractual role.

When trying to identify the benefits of commercial or residential construction management, be aware that professional construction managers offer services different from general contractors. For starters, they do not perform any aspect of the building themselves, but they oversee every detail of the entire project - from the initial idea of ​​making that fine music happen completely until sweeping passages, turning off the lights and locking the doors afterwards. Similarly, a construction project manager will support your project from per-construction to building waste management and beyond.

Get more information about stress analysis services and pipeline installation services then click on active links.

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Why it makes sense to outsource mechanical engineering services

As the buzzword is outsourcing these days, it is time to look beyond the conventional outsourcing of IT services only and also look for other outsourcing services, such as mechanical engineering services. How does this make sense for long-term business?

There are times when you can have a product in place and want to expand your presence to countries outside the US. UU. In such cases, you would need imperial conversions to precise metrics of each individual component. Sometimes, it may be that your company has excellent drawings and manufacturing designs that, unfortunately, simply cannot be used because they are outdated. Instead of discarding them, they can become valuable once again through legacy data conversions.

 Use your internal engineering team or hire one of the USA. UU. To work on these can take a long time and be very expensive. The time spent on this is also time taken away from other core business activities. By outsourcing these requirements to a professional and reliable mechanical engineering services company, you are not only freeing your staff to focus on more basic work, but also increasing profitability and significantly increasing the quality and value of your final product.

This is where a company like STEP can make a significant difference for any company with its mechanical engineering services. When you outsource STEP, you can be sure that you can get all aspects of your product, from design to modeling and more, all under one roof. With a team of engineers who have extensive experience and experience in design, prototyping, modeling, detailing, etc., STEP has made a difference in countless products in a wide range of industries.

 STEP offers engineering services in areas such as aerospace, transportation (automotive / rail), heavy engineering, oil and gas, consumer products and energy sector from the conceptual design phase to the launch of plans and preproduction support . STEP also supports mass conversion of inherited data, livelihood engineering, engineering change management and VAVE (value analysis and value engineering). STEP has the ability to design, develop, build prototypes and validate products.

  STEP not only makes outsourcing a good business decision, but also a great design!

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Global Fuel Cells Distributed Power Generation Systems

The report on Distributed Fuel Cell Generation Systems offers a clear picture of current and future trends, developments and opportunities. The report, prepared by a highly experienced team of analysts and data experts, contains a series of tables and graphs as well as qualitative analyzes.

Beginning with a discussion on the current state of the market for Distributed Fuel Cell Energy Generation Systems, the report continues to discuss the dynamics that affect each segment within it. The report segments the market up to three levels and studies each of them in great detail.

The result is a set of clear ideas and recommendations that will help companies stay ahead of the next new trend in the industry of distributed fuel cell power generation systems.

Readers are offered a basic overview of the market for distributed fuel cell power generation systems through the use of market definition, segmentation, applications and value chain analysis. The analysis for the market of distributed fuel cell power generation systems is not limited only to traditional or emerging markets. It also covers regions that until now have not been explored, but have blank spaces that could be used profitably. To do this, however, a clear understanding of the competitors is imperative. The report provides precisely that through a section dedicated to profiles and key news of the company. Equipped with this vital information, market participants in Distributed Energy Generation Systems with Fuel Cells will be in a better position to anticipate opportunities and threats equally and make informed decisions.

The regulatory environment, being such an intrinsic part of the market for Distributed Fuel Cell Generation Systems, needs a special approach. The report collects information related to current and future policies and regulations that could directly or indirectly affect business operations. The report is a valuable business intelligence repository for new and existing players in the Distributed Fuel Cell Generation Systems market.

For the analysis of technical data and manufacturing plants, the report analyzes the leading suppliers of distributed fuel power generation systems in terms of capacity, date of commercial production, distribution of manufacturing plants, R & D status, sources of technology and sources of raw materials.

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Basic Concepts Of Mechanical Engineering

It is pertinent to mention here that it is not easy for all engineers to remember all the basic concepts of mechanical engineering because over time, our memory fades and we can only remember those things that are used continuously in our daily life/work activities. As a mechanical engineering student, you should know the basic concepts of mechanical engineering that can be useful in interviews or anywhere. 

It is recommended that all mechanical engineers continue to review these concepts. It will help them improve work efficiency and performance in interviews to get better jobs. When you are a mechanical engineer, everyone expects you to respond accurately to some of the basic questions about mechanical engineering concepts. After a few years of graduation, mechanical engineers even forget what entropy and enthalpy are.

So please find the attachment for it below.

Mechanical Engineering:

Mechanical Engineering - Introduction

Strength - Basic Definition

Resulting force

System of forces

Lami’s theorem

Moment of a force

The beginning of the Varignon moments

Parallel forces

Couple - Moment of a couple

Gravity center

Moment of inertia

Friction and its types

Friction angle limiter

Angle of repose

Minimum force required to slide a body in a horizontal plane

Effort required to move the body in an inclined plane

Screw Jack

Lifting machine

Pulley systems

Truss or frame

Speed, Speed, Acceleration, Delay

Linear motion equations

The laws of Newton’s movement

Mass, Weight, Momentum and Inertia

Beginning of D-Alembert

Movement of an elevator or elevator

Movement of two bodies connected by a rope on a pulley

Projectile movement

Equation of the trajectory of a projectile

Angular displacement

Angular velocity

Angular acceleration

Simple harmonic movement

Speed and acceleration of a particle in motion with a simple harmonic movement

Simple pendulum

Helical spring tightly wound

Composite pendulum

Percussion / oscillation center

Torsional pendulum

Centrifugal and centrifugal force.

Cant | Inclination angle

Elastic and inelastic collisions

Mechanical work | Definition | Formula

Mechanical power | Definition | Formula

Mechanical energy | Definition | The typesHydraulic machines:

Hydraulic machines - Introduction

Impact of water jets

Hydraulic turbines

Impulse turbines

Reaction turbines

Turbine draft tube

Specific speed of the turbine

Unit speed, unit discharge and unit power

Cavitation

Centrifugal pumps

Multistage centrifugal pumps

Specific speed of the centrifugal pump

Net positive suction head (NPSH)

Testing models and similarity of pumps

Reciprocating pump

Air ships

Various hydraulic machines

Thermodynamics:

Thermodynamics - Introduction

Thermodynamic system

Properties of a system

Thermal equilibrium

Laws of thermodynamics

Perfect gas laws

General gas equation

Characteristic equation of a gas

The law of joule

The avogadro law

Universal gas constant

Specific heat of a gas

Relationship Between Specific Heat

Thermodynamic processes of perfect gases

Constant volume process (isochoric)

Constant pressure process (isobaric)

Hyperbolic process

Constant temperature / isothermal process

Adiabatic process or isentropic process.

Polytropic process

Free expansion process

Strangulation process

General laws of expansion and compression.

Entropy

Thermodynamic cycle

Classification of thermodynamic cycles

Efficiency of a cycle

Carnot cycle

Stirling cycle

Ericsson cycle

Joule cycle

Otto cycle

Diesel cycleDouble combustion cycle

Gas turbines

Closed cycle gas turbine

Open cycle gas turbine

Thermal efficiency of the ideal gas turbine

Efficiency of the gas turbine

Fuels and combustion

Solid fuels

Liquid fuels

Gas fuels

Heating value of fuels

Fuel combustion

Theoretical or minimum air required for complete combustion

Mass of carbon in the combustion gases

Excess air mass supplied

IC engines:

IC Motors - Introduction

Two times vs four race engines

Sequence of operations in the IC engine

Gasoline engine valve timing diagram

Diesel engine valve timing diagram

Comparison of gasoline and diesel engines

Elimination of IC engines

Gasoline engine ignition system

Overfeeding of IC motors

Lubrication of IC engines

Government of IC engines

Carburetor of an IC motor

Spark plug on IC engines

Detonation or hit in IC engines

Octane Number - Classification of fuels of S.I.

Cetane number - Classification of CI engine fuels

IC motor tests

Thermodynamic tests for I.C. The engines

Effective average pressure indicated.

Indicated power of an IC motor

Motor brake power IC

Efficiency of an IC engine

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Safety Measures When Working With Electrical Machines

When operating with electrical machines, the operator or user must first be careful to avoid accidents.

Based on the experience of many experts, some rules and regulations have been established for the handling of electrical appliances. In industry, a request for an electrical accident is usually requested. Items that carry electricity must be adequately insulated. The aging of the insulation resistance capacity and should not be allowed to lose current. Switching contacts and contact points should be periodically checked for sparks and heating points.

Important preventive measures to avoid electrical accidents:

All metal parts, accessible from the outside, must always be connected to the ground.

Flammable materials should not be kept near electrical appliances, electrical cables or electrical control panels.

Electrical safety devices such as a fuse, circuit breakers and excessive tripping should always be used where necessary.

All defective and worn electrical accessories must be replaced in a timely manner.

Non-trained persons should not be allowed to repair electrical faults in a machine or device.

Safety belts, hard hat, rubber gloves, rubber soled boots, and other safety items must be used by an electrician while repairing, operating, or working with high voltage. These devices must have all the electrical mechanics.

The overload of an electrical circuit must be avoided.

Electrical appliances when not in use for a long time should be disconnected from the main power source.

The main power supply must always be disconnected during maintenance work. Only one authorized person should be able to turn the power supply on and off.

Avoid touching the metal box of any electrical device when it is in operation.

Always provide the right type of wiring in all locations.

The electrical inspection must be done periodically to detect the damage.

Always avoid overloading at a single point.

Good safety standards must be maintained according to the standards.

Although while following the previous preventive measures while working with electrical machines, a person can receive an electric shock due to some type of negligence, the following steps must be followed to save the life of a victim of the electrical accident.

If a victim stops breathing after the electric shock, one should remove all kinds of obstructions from the victim’s mouth. Next, he/she should sit on his / her knees near the victim’s head and keep both hands on the clavicle, so that the thumbs of both hands touch each other and the fingers remain open. He/she should press the patient’s back slowly and release the pressure on the back and move towards the shoulders sliding the palms. Then, the victim must get up by holding the patient’s arm between the elbows and shoulders. This process is repeated until the patient begins to breathe. Following the previous steps, the life of the victim can be saved from electrical accidents.

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Difference between Modular Houses and Conventional Houses?

Modular housing is becoming more and more popular, and there are many possibilities in your neighborhood. The modular house is almost identical to the traditional house built with sticks in every way, except for the configuration method, so users may not notice. A house made of cane was built in the royal family. The pieces must be assembled one by one in order from the beginning. Construction times are often affected by weather. Building materials sit outside for several weeks under mild waterproof conditions and can be affected by moisture, dust, pests and the like.

The modular house consists of sections of the controlled environment. This architecture has many advantages. Because the factory is climate controlled, household materials are not exposed to mold, dust or other contaminants. Because each room is built separately, you can build several houses at the same time. The crew can also be on the site by laying the foundation, building the basement and preparing the public service while the structure itself is built off. Bad weather can interrupt traditional building methods, but indoor buildings will rain or shine. The entire manufacturing process takes 10-20 weeks and on-site assembly varies from 7 days to 14 days on average. The average number of houses built with sticks takes seven months to complete (about 30 weeks).

Accurate measurements when designing a house as a piece are important for a perfect finish. All modular housing plans are created using a computer aided design (CAD) program by professional engineers specializing in this type of architecture. This allows the house to comply with all codes and divide the module into the most scientifically efficient design. Modular homes are stronger and more durable than traditionally built houses because they have to withstand the extra stress of being transported to the construction site.

Another big advantage of modular housing is natural Eco-design. A cane-built house can have green elements, but the construction itself is not green. On the other hand, the modular house efficiently uses the minimum number of people required for construction and assembly. Accurate and controlled quality environments also minimize material waste. The assembly itself requires a minimum of heavy equipment and reduces its impact on the environment.

The cost of a modular house is not always an important saving in a home built with sticks. Design saves more material and labor, but the saving effect is not miraculous depending on the design itself. However, price advantage is the ability to have a fixed cost because it pre-plans modular housing. Modular houses can be configured differently from traditional houses, but still end up with the same elements. During the rally, public services are connected and pass through the house. Apply your desired look to the aesthetic style you want, and the interior style can be anything you can imagine. Modular housing can come from a pre-designed plan or can be fully customized by the owner. The perception of insurance, loans, state and local building regulations and the value of modular housing is the same as the value of a traditionally or automatically constructed house.

There are a few disadvantages of the module house to consider. Especially if you are building in a small area or have a lot of power lines nearby, the crane needed to lift the module in place may be limited to your area. You may also find local restrictions, such as brick-only houses. Creating brick facades for the modular house will not save you money, making traditional houses the most economical option. Generally modular houses are a great option for your next construction project. If you want flexibility, economy and the most efficient design in the market, you need a modular groove. Precision Structural Engineering is proud to be a member of the Modular Building Institute. Call us if a modular housing is right for you.

STEP Engineering is a professional engineering consulting firm offering construction management services, compressor station installation services, realistic 3D model renderings, pipeline installation and pile location plans for oil and gas industry. Their main focus to provide a safe and reliable solution for their engineering need.

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Calculation of gear ratios in projects involving gears

In a variety of projects involving motion control mechanisms and mechanical or electromechanical transmissions, gears are a key component, so it is essential to know how to calculate the gear ratio for optimal performance.

Are you undertaking a project that involves gears, but do not know how to calculate your gear ratio? Do not miss this publication, we will explain what this relationship is about and the formulas to calculate it. Let's do it!

 First, you must know that the gear ratio consists of the relationship between the speeds of rotation of two interconnected gears, where one of them exerts a force on the other.

This ratio is the result of the difference in the diameter of the two gears, which implies a difference between the speeds of rotation of both axes, which can be verified through the concept of angular velocity.

 Also, the transmission ratio of a gearbox describes the ratio between the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the input shaft and the rpm of the output shaft, either for the purpose of multiplying the torque, reducing the speed, or both .

In torque calculations, performance is always implied, which will vary according to the material from which the gears, stages, lubrication, etc. are made. Therefore, the closer the calculated yield of the real is, the closer we will be to the required data

 In most cases, an exit speed is usually required, which is calculated by knowing the entry speed and depends on the stages of the speed reducer.

 This gear design is also linked to the space available for the speed reducer, so finding a gear design depends on many factors, such as the space available, the input data (the motor to be used), the torque that they must support those gears (which will give you the size and depth of the gears), etc.

If you are looking for Mechanical Engineering Services Contact Step Engineering.

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CIVIL ENGINEERING AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

Civil engineering and structural engineering are two engineering disciplines that are very similar to each other. However, they have vital differences that differentiate them from each other. In short, it can be said that all structural engineers are civil engineers, but not all civil engineers are structural engineers. In California, for example, civil engineers can do the work of structural engineers, except in the fields here where the law specifically prevents them from doing so. One of the provisions of the law is that only those who are registered as structural engineers can design the structural systems of hospitals and primary, secondary and secondary schools.

 The two terms, civil and structural engineering, are used to denote two engineering disciplines. Traditionally, structural engineering is classified as a subdiscipline of civil engineering. However, structural engineering has grown in such proportions that it is now considered an engineering discipline on its own. Both civil and structural engineering deals with analysis, design construction and maintenance of the elements. Civil engineering and structural engineering range from private to state projects and from small to large. While one is subdisciplinary to another, there are many differences between civil engineering and structural engineering in the scope of coverage, teaching and jobs.

 The basic difference between the two is that civil engineering is a four-year bachelor's degree offered at colleges and universities, while structural engineering is an advanced specialization after one becomes a civil engineer. After obtaining a degree in civil engineering, one can continue with postgraduate studies in structural engineering to specialize as a structural engineer.

While the two types of engineers ensure that construction projects are safe, stable and profitable, the work of civil engineers generally involves general supervision of a construction site or they can focus on model design or research. Some may also work in the area of ​​education, teaching the subject at universities.

 Civil engineering is one of the oldest engineering disciplines. It began when humans began to build shelters for themselves. In the traditional sense, civil engineering was defined as any engineering that is not related to military engineering. But at present, it is used to separate or distinguish civil engineering disciplines from other engineering disciplines, such as electrical engineering, electronic engineering, mechanical engineering, etc. Civil engineering generally contains structural engineering along with other subdisciplines, such as transportation engineering, environmental engineering, etc. Civil engineering deals with dams, roads, buildings, water treatment, canals, etc.

 Civil engineering is offered as a first degree in universities after a four-year full-time course or equivalent. It is very rare to find a master's or doctorate level course called a master's degree in civil engineering or a doctorate in civil engineering. After graduations, civil engineers join various disciplines in the field. Civil engineering graduates are expected to be familiar with all subdivisions of civil engineering. The civil engineering work could cover one or more sub-disciplines of civil engineering.

 Structural engineering deals with the design, analysis, construction and maintenance of load or resistance support structures. For example, dams, skyscrapers and bridges are covered in structural engineering. In structural engineering, the structures are divided into small elements according to the load mechanism they use, such as plates, housings, arches, columns, beams and catenaries. The structure of any size or shape is divided into these small elements and analyzed.

Structural engineering is taught as a subject in the civil engineering course of the universities. It is very rare to find structural engineering as a first grade for college students. However, structural engineering is offered as a master's or doctorate. When you join as a structural engineer, your work will cover the structural engineering part of the project.

 Although for some the terms civil engineering and structural engineering may seem similar, the truth is that they are very different from each other. Civil engineering is a collection of engineering subdisciplines, while structural engineering is one of those subdisciplines. For example, a structural engineer could work on the design of the structure to house a water treatment plant, however, the treatment systems are out of reach. On the other hand, the design, analysis, construction and maintenance of the water treatment system, and the entire combined building can be called civil engineering works.

At STEP Engineering we provide world-class structural design services focused on safety, constructability, and ease of installation.

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Procurement is an essential part of project planning. Yes, if you don’t have all the essential raw materials will you even be able to do something? Hence procurement falls under the most basic process in the project management and product building.

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The two terms, common and auxiliary building, are utilized to indicate two designing controls. Generally, basic building is named a sub control of structural designing.