#(( there are like. multiple compounding issues that stack on top of each other here-

[royalreef]

      She has an image to maintain, and just because she’s close to someone does not mean that image does not also extend to them in turn. Failure to comply with that image means consequences. If the world is not scared of what the Merkingdom might do to them, then the Merkingdom loses bargaining power, and when Miranda is the only face of the Merkingdom currently inland at the moment... What she does echoes out onto the entirety of her people. 

      Stray elements and actors who know and can say better, actors who do not know the stakes at play and the game they are pawns within, are going to reveal secrets that they cannot understand the power of. There’s a reason why she’s targeted the family and friends of those who need to take a knee before. If they don’t know something is bad or implies weakness, then they’ll expose it the second they begin to lose control.

       ....... Albeit, currently the discussion is upon a more personal scene anyhow. Just because she’s close to someone doesn’t mean that they aren’t fully capable of skipping the act of playing the middle man, and becoming a danger to her themselves.

      And who wouldn’t, really? Who wouldn’t see her, in her weakness, and not smell the blood in the water, not be compelled to take what is rightfully theirs? It was Miranda’s fault for straying, after all. It’s some weakness in her that caused this, some weakness that has to be removed before it can cause any further damage. They’d be doing her a favor, really. She has to be taught a lesson.

[askari33]

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[peptidestakeoff-blog]

What Everybody Is Saying About Sarms Usa Is Wrong and Why

Now while there are only these two significant choices, a great deal of dedicated bodybuilders and exercise buffs are still having an extremely difficult time deciding which to go for. Their long shipping periods may also be an issue, especially if you're trying to change out your supplies and time is a problem. In reality, among the biggest problems is hoping to find where to purchase LGD-4033 in any way, let alone stuff that's 100% pure.

Even if you eventually locate a very good company you trust, they wind up closing down by the moment you try to produce your next purchase. But if you're not sure, you could always email and before placing an order, merely to make certain you will be covered. I've placed multiple order with them previously.

SARMs 4 You also provide a 14-day money-back guarantee. Keep in mind, these companies are all top-of-the-line, which means you really can't fail with any of them. The business has grown into a trustworthy retailer with a number of the purest kinds of SARMs.

With regard to SARMs quality, I think the more a business meets these criteria, the greater quality the SARMs will likely be. In the event the company confident in the caliber of their SARMs it will also provide a money-back guarantee, plus have responsive customer support best sarms usa. Here are some benefits you may anticipate from GW.

Take note that most companies don't have lab testing benefits. The SARMs themselves from Proven Peptides are just the greatest and most reliable I've used in my very own personal research. It's understood that all the goods purchased here will be dealt with only by qualified and trained individuals.

Trusting such a business is honestly very challenging. The reshipment policies will differ. Stop by their site here.

The impacts of Cardarine are significant and have come to be highly desired and a welcomed addition in the bodybuilding business and also for any sort of performance athlete. One of the biggest benefits of Cardardine is that it isn't suppressive and non-hormonal. As no individual would be taking this kind of inflated amount of GW-501516, there's debatable value attached to this specific study.

Powder is superior for people who know the specific concentration which works best for them. Popular for its anabolic and fat-removing properties, it's employed in wide range of sports. For people who are in the suitable shape to think about recomping, Cardarine stacked with Ostarine and Andarine will offer excellent outcomes.

Going over reviews of the sellers is frequently one of the best choices available. Half life is all about 24hrs. Free shipping domestically also!

To learn more about Ligandrol side effects, it's important to comprehend the function of the drug and other compounds linked to its development. Despite the fact that SARMS aren't accepted by the FDA for human use and pose the very same security risks as anabolic steroids, they've proliferated below a regime in which they aren't subject to the exact same controls. So some people believe they're taking a very low dose, but when they do it twice each day, it is not as low as they're accounting for.

Another side effect was that steroids can alter the DNA of multiple cells like the prostate and heart make them enlarge. SARMs, on the flip side, selectively bind simply to androgen receptors in skeletal muscle tissue, since the name implies. The thing to do is to make sure that you are conscious of the signals of low testosterone and have a PCT on hand for the close of the cycle, in case you require it.

Nonetheless, it's much less aggressive as Testolone. Ensure you follow along to discover more. That's the reason why we recommend SARMS1.

It supplies slow but inevitable development of muscles and also defines growth for people who are suffering muscle wasting. LGD-4033 is just as beneficial for providing relief to patients who are fighting with age-related muscle density and strength loss. Anabolic steroids also accelerate hair loss and can lessen life expectancy.

[eurusholmmes]

we’re that family || old man logan

I’ve had this request in my queue for like a month now - and I’m so irritated because my theater took Logan out of the lineup and I can’t go see it again. *sigh* Guess I’ll have to wait until it comes out on DVD!

This was requested by @drewkelliii : I hope it meets your expectations like we discussed!

Warnings: mentions of blood, Laura being Laura, and alot of decapitation 

Tag List: @itsbrittbrattt @house-of-penguin @agirlinherhead @tigers-have-teeth @avengers-bucky-fanfic @weasleytheking @liveourlifelikenobodyelse

There are no happy endings

Running. Running so fast and so freely it almost felt like you were flying - albeit the part where your lungs were on fire and tears were running down your face. 

Endings are the saddest part

He was under the impression you’d died with everyone else in the Incident. Charles Xavier was the epitome of a good man; giving everything he could devoting himself to giving mutants the life they had deserved. He hadn’t meant to release such a massive psychic seizure inside the School, but that was what happened whenever he neglected to take his medication. 

Everyone you loved dead because of a freaking pill. 

So just give me a happy middle 

You and Logan Howlett were inseparable and much to everyone elses surprise, head over heels in love with each other. He wasn’t big on PDA in public, but all of the Xmen were completely aware that you’d successfully reeled him in and broken down the walls he’d spent so long building up. James Howlett was the good in this world you lived in, and he was gone too. 

His screams were so terrible to hear that day - you had been unconscious and assumed dead just like everyone else, and because of that Logan had found no other choice but to evacuate Charles from Westchester and hide him somewhere secure. That was how he found himself in El Paso and more bitter then he had ever been - constantly sitting in that damned car with nothing but the guilt of your death weighing down on his shoulders. 

And a very happy start.

Your travels lead you to the outskirts of a facility called Transigen. At that point you were heavily pregnant with your daughter - which you had only found out through a miraculous sonogram taken in Indiana by a doctor who had taken you into her home for more then four months. You had found safety with a few other people in the following months, but it was becoming increasingly difficult to move around so close to your due date.

 It wasn’t until you were outside Transigen that Donald Pierce found you for the first time, unknown to you that you’d been followed since he’d found out you and The Wolverine had identical powers. 

  “Woah there Doll!” He howled, stopping his military issued truck on the outskirts of the Facility. You were already dripping with sweat and exhausted, but your claws were still extended and you were more then ready to decapitate people. If it came to it. “Someone looks like she’s in need of a decent meal and a shower. My names Donald but you can call me Pierce.” 

You wrinkled your nose in disgust. “You don’t get to flirt with me when you look like that.” You retorted. “I’m accounted for, but-” He wrapped his fingers around your wrist and lowered his sunglasses, his eyes flickering over to your claws that were pressed against his throat. “I can kill you with the flick of my wrist. I wouldn’t try anything because if you do I swear I will slaughter every single man who keeps looking at me like I’m a piece of meat.” 

  “Oh. I like you.” He purred. “But this is me bein’ a gentleman and offering a very pregnant lady a place to stay. I’m guessing that you’re close to your due date? You can’t give birth to a baby outside, ‘specially not out here.” You narrowed your eyes and stepped backward, retracting your claws back into your hands. “Good. Now we’re on the same page. Mind tellin’ me your name?” 

  “Y/n. Y/n Howlett.” 

Your biggest regret besides not telling Logan about your daughter Laura was ever coming to Transigen to begin with. It took you a while to figure out their real intent; they’d only ever wanted Laura for her mutation. You raised your daughter just as you’d planned, teaching her to speak fluently in Spanish for conversations you wanted to keep hidden from Pierces prying ears. After getting to meet the other mutants that were locked inside and being experimented on, you decided to confront Pierce about it. 

That was where the robotic hand came from. 

  “You-You’ve been keeping these children locked up in cells like animals and experimenting on them! You probably only ever wanted Laura for your own freaking benefit because she happens to have two mutant parents!” You snarled, slamming Logans file on the desk in front of where Pierce was sitting. After sneaking into the archives you had found your husbands file on top of a stack of deceased mutants, many of which were the Xmen you’d grown to love so deeply. “I’m done. I’m done letting you run my life, I’m done bowing to a power hungry bounty hunter who wants to take out my kind.” 

  “Your kind are the poison of this Earth. I’m just trying to cleanse what’s left of this world of people like you.”

You whipped around and brought your hand downward, completely severing his hand from his arm. A choked scream broke past his lips as you brought your other hand around his neck and slammed his head into the desk. “My kind are the people who deserve to be here. We didn’t spend every waking moment trying to obliterate human beings like you. We should’ve.” 

That night you broke out every single child from the cells in Transigen, leaving behind a mass of bodies and congealed blood on once pristine floors. The other children fled for what they called Eden while your mission was to find Logan and reunite him with you and Laura. 

  “Laura, whatever you do you stay behind me. Do you understand?” You urged, pressing your lips against your daughters forehead as she nodded. “Extend your claws, darling. It’s time to show me what you can do.” 

You’d stolen a car and set off for El Paso, Texas where Logan was last spotted by Pierce and his merry band of men. Laura slept most of the way there with the occasional stop for food, but it didn’t take you long to figure out where he was. And eventually, Pierce would be back and this time he’d be looking to obliterate all three of you from existence. 

There was an Uber driver who worked around the clock in town, and according to what you knew about the company, it wasn’t normal for people to drive all night. You spent the first night in town tailing him in your own vehicle, keeping your eyes peeled for the first time he showed his face. 

It was the eyes that gave him away. You were parked outside a compound in the desert that next morning when he finally got out of the car, covered in blood and wearing a look of pure exhaustion. His skin was much more scarred then when you’d seen it last time, his salt and pepper hair overgrown and his eyes held more tragedy and sadness then you’d ever seen. 

It was Logan. But this was a different version of the man you had married - a beaten down, exhausted, destroyed version of the same man who had swept you off your feet with the first kiss you’d shared together. And oh, you had missed him so much. 

  “Laura dear, I need you to act like you can’t talk when we go inside. I don’t know who’s in here and I don’t want them to hurt you. If things go badly, do everything I taught you at the facility. Sound like a plan?” 

  “Sounds like a plan Mama!”

It was the roaring tires of a vehicle attempting to escape outside that completely caught you off guard. There were no signs of active life inside the Compound - albeit the remainder of what looked to be a meal and a massive hat that was normally used to shield the sun. “Laura, hide.” 

The child did exactly the opposite, sitting herself down at the table in the center of the room and helping herself to the cereal left on the table. You snickered under your breath and extended your claws, eyes narrowed as you took in the men that were standing outside. There were at least twelve of them through the thick cloud of dust that had gathered, Donald Pierce at the head and sporting a shiny new robotic hand. 

  “Of freaking course. Why can’t this guy just stay dead?!” 

Charles Xavier was slumped over in the back of the car, alerted by the two new forms that were inside. He’d recognize those loud vulgar thoughts anywhere, completely intrigued at how you had ended up here. “Logan-Logan there’s someone inside the Compound!” 

Logan completely ignored the older man as Pierce approached his car, leaning against the door to support his weight. “Huh. Charles Xavier.. And you must be The Wolverine!” He grinned wickedly as Logan slammed the drivers door and curled his fingers into fists at his sides. “Oh... She was right. You two are exactly alike!” 

  “Where is Calliban?” He growled. 

  “Why don’t you tell me where the girl and your wife are first? Or I can ask Q-Ball in there. He seems quite friendly.” Logans eyes softened with confusion at the mention of you. It had taken him what felt to be an eternity to make peace with your death.. and it didn’t help whenever someone else brought it back up. 

Donald sighed as Logan extended his claws, only to be immediately pinned into the dirt by the mass of men he’d brought with him. The older man breathed heavily from where he lay in the dirt, screwing his eyes shut to try and block out the sound of your voice that was constantly inside his head. “Jesus Wolverine, seeing you like this just breaks my heart. She told me you were better then this!” 

  “She who?!” 

His response was halted as Donald sent in multiple men for both you and Laura, only to hear the sounds of their screams as the two of you worked together to tear them to pieces. Laura had never seen you move so gracefully, using the poles and tables inside the building to your advantage as you cut apart each man piece by piece until there was nothing left but torn apart corpses on the ground. Nothing but blood. 

   “That was-” Laura breathed, grinning wildly as you lifted your head to face her. “Invigorating.” You snorted beneath your breath and pulled the ponytail off of your wrist, pulling your y/h/c into a tight ponytail to keep it from falling into your face. “Do I go out first?” 

  “You and your enormous vocabulary.” You replied. “Yes. You go out and I’ll follow you, okay?” 

Donald grinned as Laura was the first to emerge from the building, her backpack slung across her shoulders and a large object tucked beneath her arm. “Atta girl!” He cheered. She chucked the object in his direction - only to find it was a severed head of one of the men she had killed. “Laura.. You better stay where you are. You wanna see your friends right? See your mom again?” 

Her mom. Logan watched with confusion as the child kept advancing towards Pierce, finally extending the two adamantium claws she had, just like his own. She moved just as agile as he did at one point, claws breaking through vessels and impaling necks and dismembering arms and legs. She was the most lethal child he’d ever met. 

It wasn’t until you heard her scream “MAMA!” that you finally came out of hiding, your own claws extended as well as you were greeted with the sight of your struggling daughter thrashing in her captors embrace. “And there’s the Woman Of The Hour! The same one who broke out all my mutants and forced me to replace my hand with a robotic one!” Your eyes flickered towards Logan, who seemed to have a new found energy coursing through his body at the sight of you standing in front of him. 

  “I told you years ago I was never going to give into you. You see this?” You snapped, tilting your head as you continued towards Pierce. Most of the men inside were after Laura, leaving a handful between you and Logan. “This is me not giving in.” 

Logan surged upward at that point, the two of you rushing towards your daughter as Pierce fired a harpoon through her chest in a futile hope to contain her. You used Logan as a backboard and launched yourself from his shoulders, twisting your body as you landed on top of the man who held your daughter and shoved your claws through the top of his head, blood trickling through his head as he slumped to the ground dead. Your eyes widened as a individual claw sprung from Lauras shoe as she thrust it into the captor beside her before using her opposing claws to slice through his jugular. 

  “I didn’t even know she had toe claws!” 

You lunged outward at Lauras next attacker as Logan turned on his heel and sprinted back in the direction of the Limo where a helpless Charles had been watching the entire endeavor. Just as he had been when you and Logan had started your story, it completely perplexed him how well the three of you worked together - and all the while protecting each other. 

  “Laura! Y/n! GET IN THE CAR!” 

You gripped Lauras wrist and threw her over your shoulder with ease, sprinting towards the limo and throwing her into the back seat beside Charles while you jumped into the front just before Logan could take off. You laughed breathlessly as you and Laura retracted your claws into your hands, shifting your weight to look at your husband. 

  ‘’Well, isn’t this a nice way to reunite? Disassemble a bunch of idiots, watch a bunch more try to chase you, all the while doing it with the husband who thought you were dead?” Logans eyes flickered back towards you as he threw the car in reverse and slammed his foot down on the gas, the ghost of a smile quirking his lips upward as your car sped for the open desert. 

  “Do you remember when I last told you I hate you?” He replied casually, inhaling deeply as you just beat out the train roaring across the tracks opposite the compound. “Well, I was serious. I do hate you.” You snickered beneath your breath and took his hand in your own. 

  “You look like crap.” 

  “Says the woman who had a baby while I thought she was dead. Speaking of, what’s her name?” You linked your fingers through his and ran your thumb over his scarred knuckles, leaning your your head back against the headrest (or what was left of it) as Laura wrapped her arms around the back of the chair and pressed a kiss to your temple. “And is she mine?” 

  “Good Lord, you are my idiot. Of course she’s yours! Who else was I going to have a kid with? Besides, Gold Tooth back there tried hooking up with me multiple times and I told him no every time. Plus.. he’s nothing compared to you.” 

  “Why’d you tell him no? I could’ve been dead for all you knew.” 

You smiled softly to yourself and lifted his hand to your lips, kissing the dust covered gold band that had faithfully remained on his finger. 

  “Because I was already accounted for.”

Retrouvaille (n) The joy of meeting or finding someone again after a long separation; rediscovery. 

[cladeymoore]

Around the Block: Analysis on the bZx Attack, DeFi Vulnerabilities, The State of Debit Cards in…

Around the Block: Analysis on the bZx Attack, DeFi Vulnerabilities, The State of Debit Cards in Crypto, and Other Crypto News

Coinbase Around the Block sheds light on key issues in the crypto space. In this edition, we analyze the bZx attack, uncover some of DeFi’s vulnerabilities, and discuss the state of debit cards in crypto. We also include commentary on notable news stories, with additional curated news posts from the last few weeks.

Analysis on the bZx Attack and DeFi Vulnerabilities

DeFi is bringing financial tools onto the internet in a way that makes them accessible, programmable, and useful for everyone. Just how the internet made it easy for anyone to create, share, and program information, DeFi is doing the same for money and finance.

DeFi products are trustless, global (accessible to anyone), transparent (anyone can inspect the code), and immutable (can’t be changed unless they’re programmed to). They’re also composable with each other, where products can be built on top of each other, similar to how Lego bricks can be combined into something greater than the sum of their parts.

Setting the Stage

This is a novel environment. Anyone can program finance. The result today is a web of liquid and powerful financial tools, a new breeding ground for innovation and utility. For example, DeFi has created something called a Flash Loan — essentially a risk free loan where anyone can borrow millions of dollars for the duration of a single transaction. If, by the end of the transaction you have not paid back the loan, the whole transaction is rolled back. No capital is exposed to risk, and any end user is able to deploy a large sum of capital for arbitrary purposes.

So what happened with the bZx attacks?

BZx (aka Fulcrum) is a DeFi product that provides a tokenized borrow / lend and margin trading platform. Anyone can add capital to bZx’s pool and borrow against their capital, or leverage long or short by trading into other assets on margin. Their platform uses many other DeFi protocols to fully service these products, taking advantage of DeFi’s composability.

The attack at its core was a single, incredible transaction that borrowed millions of dollars in a flash loan, and threaded these funds through several DeFi protocols to elegantly manipulate and exploit bZx’s collateral pool. Check this out:

The attacker borrowed $10M in ETH through a flash loan from DyDx (Lego #1), posting no collateral in the process.

Used $5M in ETH to take a 5x short position on the ETH-wBTC book on bZx (Lego #2). BZx forwarded the order to KyberSwap (Lego #3), which surveyed the best possible rate and finally filled the order on Uniswap (Lego #4). This incurred significant slippage, and drove Uniswap’s wBTC price 3x higher.

Carried the other $5M in ETH to Compound (Lego #5), and borrowed a stack of wBTC against the ETH collateral.

Used this borrowed wBTC to sell into Uniswap’s inflated price

Using the profits from Step 4 and the proceeds from step 2, the flash loan was paid in full the transaction successfully completed.

This maneuver resulted in a direct profit of 71 ETH, along with an active loan on Compound worth 1200 ETH, for a net profit of 1271 ETH (worth $355K at the time). The transaction also resulted in an active bZx loan that is deeply underwater, which is where the “loss” comes from.

The key mechanic was the ability to take a large 5x margin short position on a thinly traded book (ETH-wBTC) which incurred significant slippage. BZx was designed to protect against this, but the attacker found a clever bug that bypassed these checks. This one oversight exposed the bZx collateral pool to deep losses, whereas all other lego bricks in this process operated as designed and did not incur any losses. To learn more, Peckshield provides an excellent breakdown here.

The aftermath and 2nd attack

Immediately following the attack, the bZx team used their admin super-keys to pause trading and borrowing on bZx, and fixed the underlying bug. As the community discussed this new exploit and trading and borrowing resumed, a second attack occurred through a similar mechanic.

This second attack was similar to the first, but didn’t require bypassing any slippage rules. Instead, a flash loan was used to inflate Uniswap’s Synthetix USD price to $2 (instead of $1), and the attacker then deposited sUSD into bZx as collateral (at this inflated price) to borrow more ETH than they should’ve been allowed. They then ran away with the borrowed funds with no intention of paying back the underwater bZx loan, netting the attacker 2,378 ETH (after paying back the flash loan), worth $630K at the time.

This attack was more akin to an oracle attack, or a process that manipulates a trusted value. In this case, the flash loan drove up the spot price of ETH-sUSD on Uniswap (the oracle), which BZx used to determine the value of collateral in loans.

How should we think about security in DeFi?

DeFi has created powerful new financial products, weaving them together in emergent ways. But these attacks are a sobering reminder that programmable finance is still programmable and bugs are therefore expected — especially when innovation pushes the boundaries of what is possible. Today, the combination of flash loans and a web of composable DeFi protocols that interact in complex ways have created this new class of vulnerabilities.

Historically once a new class of vulnerabilities is discovered, it breeds a series of copycat attacks. Everyone takes note of the new possibilities, and a million magnifying glasses search the space for similar weaknesses. To this end, we should expect more flash loan style oracle attacks (and in fact, since writing this post another attack on curve.finance was discovered). But this is just part of how DeFi becomes more resilient.

For example, after the DAO hack in 2016 demonstrated reentrancy vulnerabilities, we quickly learned how to prevent it. Today, reentrancy attacks are virtually non-existent. This is ultimately an evolutionary fitness function where vulnerabilities are discovered, quickly patched, and the space gets increasingly hardened against attacks.

We should not expect DeFi to become completely secure against all attacks, but we can build an increasingly robust ecosystem with Defense in Depth, where multiple layers of redundancy provide increased security. We also need to develop greater levels of consumer protection and/or insurance. Notably, one DeFi insurance product made its first payout following the bZx attacks, an encouraging sign.

What about Decentralization in DeFi?

The bZx team used super-admin keys to halt borrowing and trading, demonstrating a single point of control. This was necessary to prevent additional attacks from draining the entire collateral pool, but it also introduces a new element of risk — what if these keys are misused? What if they are compromised? Removing single party control is core to cryptocurrency’s ethos. What should we make of this?

The reality is that decentralization is a spectrum, and teams should aim to follow a roadmap of progressive decentralization. For new DeFi services, we should not expect complete decentralization from Day 1 as this creates existential risk if exploits are found and we cannot react quickly. Instead, protocols should graduate to increasing levels of decentralization over time, and only after they’ve demonstrated a track record of good security hygiene. Compound is one notable example.

Takeaways

In the end, DeFi is pushing the boundaries of what is possible, paving the way for new products that epitomize the nature of programmatic finance. It’s very exciting to see these products emerge, but also concerning when exploits rattle through the industry. Let’s take a holistic view of the process — more attacks are bound to happen, but this is part of the evolutionary fitness function. In the end, a robust ecosystem with strong consumer protections is likely to emerge.

State of Debit Cards in Crypto

“Spend” has been an important verb for driving utility in crypto since Satoshi wrote the Bitcoin whitepaper. Crypto investors have always been looking for ways to spend their crypto assets for a latte at the local coffee shop. And to that end, crypto debit cards are viewed as an excellent option as they are largely identical to traditional debit cards, except that they debit a crypto balance instead of a traditional bank account.

History

Debit cards have had a storied history of attempts, including at Coinbase through our initial Coinbase Debit Card, first introduced in November 2015. This card was a first-of-its-kind and gave our customers the ability to spend their Coinbase Bitcoin balances anywhere Visa was accepted. The downside? This was not a Coinbase branded product, as it was issued through the payment processor Shift.

We were followed by BitPay, Bitwala, Wirex, Coinsbank, among others. Then amidst the 2017 ICO frenzy several other companies proposed products and platforms centered around a crypto debit card. Notably TenX, Token Card (rebranded to Monolith), and Monaco (now crypto.com). TenX raised $80M via ICO in 7 min, and Token Card and Monaco similarly took in $12.7M and $27M respectively, demonstrating the hype around crypto debit card offerings. These companies were mostly trying to differentiate through smaller fees, better UX, and through some rewards offerings.

The problem? At the time there were only a few payment processors willing to issue debit cards, notably Shift (our card) and WaveCrest (most others). Another was adoption. Our card found relatively limited traction, as we found that most users actually preferred to hold Bitcoin rather than spend it, with the volatility of Bitcoin and the perception of Bitcoin as an investment rather than a currency were underlying contributors. Today, with a more mature ecosystem and the advent of stablecoins, we believe a holistic debit card offering is likely to find greater traction.

In 2019, Shift pivoted it’s business and rebranded to Apto, and we worked to implement a new Coinbase debit card for the UK. For most other cards, January 2018 brought a crushing blow when VISA dropped WaveCrest citing “non-compliance with [their] operating rules,” effectively shuttering these other crypto debit cards.

Looking forward, crypto debit cards are likely to find renewed traction, especially with the emergence of reward-bearing stablecoins (like USDC at 1.25% APY on Coinbase). Additionally, Coinbase just became a Visa Principal Partner Member, a watershed moment that enables us to issue Debit Cards in the EU without requiring a sponsor bank.

Quick Hits: Commentary on Notable News

Contentious Ethereum Update (ProgPow) Enflames the Community

Over the past month Ethereum has been embroiled in a governance debate centering around a proposed update to their mining process. Called ProgPow for progressive Proof of Work (PoW), the proposal aims to make it easier for consumer-grade hardware (GPUs) to mine Ethereum, reducing the effectiveness of ASICs (powerful special-purpose computers that dominate mining today).

Adopting ProgPow would make mining more accessible to a broader number of people, theoretically increasing Ethereum’s decentralization and marking a return to its initial ASIC-resistant vision.

The problem? This turns out to be a very contentious proposal and a highly nuanced subject. For starters, ProgPow would reduce the amount of computing power used to secure the network (GPUs are much less powerful than ASICs), theoretically making Ethereum more susceptible to 51% attacks. Furthermore, no mining algorithm is truly ASIC resistant. Specialty ASICs would eventually be created for ProgPow as well, and many believe ASICs are fundamentally necessary to secure PoW networks (no ASIC coin has ever been 51% attacked).

Furthermore, any controversial fork should be handled with significant care. Much more is at stake today compared to 2017, and DeFi’s introduction of real-world assets like USDC or USDT could reduce Ethereum’s ability to successfully execute contentious forks.

Following a long prior history, ProgPow was accepted in late February and slated for inclusion, but the subsequent uproar from the community led to the proposal once again being shelved.

There is much more to say:

The history and current status of ProgPow from Hudson Jameson

CoinDesk’s summary of ProgPow; and the actual ProgPow proposal

Go down the ASIC-rabbit hole with this long blog from Sia

Tron Accused of “Hostile Takeover” of Steem Blockchain

The blockchain powering Steemit, a Reddit-like social news aggregator, recently announced a partnership with Tron to migrate their platform to the Tron blockchain. The Steem community was concerned the Tron Foundation now held too much governance authority, and acted quickly to enact a soft-fork disabling Tron’s governance rights.

In response, Tron worked with several large exchanges including Binance and Huobi to enact a separate hard-fork to reinstate their governance rights and freeze tokens from community members involved in Steem governance. The Steem community views this as a hostile takeover attempt by Tron.

Steem itself is a delegated Proof of Stake (dPOS) protocol, and thus customer deposits from large exchanges were fundamental in securing the necessary votes to enact Tron’s fork. CZ from Binance admitted he personally signed off Tron’s hard-fork, but was not aware of the contentious issues at hand and has since rebuked Tron for acting in bad faith.

This is another proof point that blockchain governance is hard. On one hand, the politics on dPOS chains is clear — the majority vote wins. Tron simply defeated the community by playing by the established political rules. On the other hand, blockchains derive value from their users who ultimately hold the economic power. The Steem community members are hitting back in a variety of ways, by disabling their apps, resignations from the Steem foundation, and backing community-favored validators.

Additionally, the role of exchanges and custodians in blockchain governance is heightened. They hold the majority of assets, giving significant political power. As the space matures, we should expect centralized platforms to provide governance tools, much like Coinbase Custody is doing for MakerDAO today.

Quick-hits takeaways

Blockchains are transformative technologies, but they’re fundamentally just massive computer science experiments that we’re all partaking in. Nobody owns these networks, they are owned by the collective community building and using the technologies, and these moments are critical proof-points for the evolution of blockchain governance. For both Ethereum and Steem, important precedents are being set, and we should all pay close attention.

Relevant Crypto News over the Past Few Weeks

News from the Crypto Industry

Coindesk: India’s Supreme Court lifts ban on Cryptocurrency trading

Robinhood: Robinhood goes down amidst record market volatility

TechCrunch: Revolut raises $500M at $5.5B valuation

CNBC: Morgan Stanley buys E-Trade for $13B

Medium: Public raises $15M to continue building stock trading app with social emphasis

FCA: Financial Conduct Authority in UK issues warning against BitMEX

The Block: Malta Regulator says Binance not authorized to operate and not subject to their regulatory oversight

Coindesk: Line targets US with new crypto exchange

The Block: Crypto broker Tagomi joins Libra; so does Shopify

The Block: Kraken launches Forex trading

Yahoo: Babel Finance hits $380M in outstanding loans

Coindesk: BitGo goes public with Lending product, has $150M in open loans

Coindesk: Matrixport seeks $300M valuation in new funding round

Coindesk: BlockFi raises $30M in Series B

News from Emerging Crypto Businesses

The Block: Arweave announces $8.3M raise from a16z, USV, and Coinbase Ventures

Bloomberg: Libra clarifies strategy following regulatory pressure; likely to adopt multiple currencies

The Block: Circle launches suite of services geared around USDC adoption

Sphinx: Introducing Sphinx Chat, a payments + chat + subscriptions app build on Bitcoin’s Lightning Network

The Block: Square Crypto gives grants to two more BTC developers

Ourzora: Zora comes out of stealth, a marketplace to buy, sell, and trade limited-edition goods

The Block: Compound begins shift to decentralization with governance token

The Block: ETH based game Decentraland has launched

The Block: Zaki Manion of Cosmos resigns, but will continue working on the project

Iota Blog: IOTA goes back online one month after an attack on Trinity Wallet users

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Around the Block: Analysis on the bZx Attack, DeFi Vulnerabilities, The State of Debit Cards in… was originally published in The Coinbase Blog on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

from Money 101 https://blog.coinbase.com/around-the-block-analysis-on-the-bzx-attack-defi-vulnerabilities-the-state-of-debit-cards-in-1289f7f77137?source=rss----c114225aeaf7---4 via http://www.rssmix.com/

[martechadvisor-blog]

What is CPaaS and How Can Marketers Use it to Improve Customer Experience?

Omnichannel is fast becoming the industry standard for effective communication strategies, however, most enterprises struggle to make omnichannel a practical reality due to the huge upfront and maintenance costs involved. Here's how CPaaS helps brands deliver better customer engagement through omnichannel messaging more efficiently. 

When was the last time you used a landline telephone to make an overseas call? Exactly - VoIP, Instant Messaging, video conferencing and chat have already transformed the consumer market, and the same is now true for enterprises as well. Marketing success today means reaching and responding to consumers where they are, on whatever device they’re using, in real time.

Omnichannel messaging is rapidly becoming the cornerstone for marketers and brands looking to deliver better customer experiences, increase brand visibility, and open up new channels for customer interaction. In fact, a new Aberdeen Group study states that companies with a strong omnichannel marketing strategy retained on average, 89% of their customers and witnessed a 9.5% year-on-year revenue growth.

There’s absolutely no doubt that it’s incredibly important for businesses to have a single platform that addresses all of their omnichannel communication or engagement needs. However, implementing a unified communication platform is an arduous task for the average business. After all, once you zero down on a set of viable engagement platforms, how do you then rope in support for the wide range of services that your customers have grown to expect? How do you manage and coordinate the messages sent across these platforms (voice, text, video) to deliver a consistent experience?

This is a problem area where brands get stuck. Stitching together disparate communications platforms such as voice, video, and text will mean pouring an inordinate amount of money, time and effort into building a solution that may or may not work. The issue is compounded by the fact that you also risk building siloed product-based structures that can’t adapt to ever-changing customer preferences.

This is where CPaaS steps in. CPaaS helps brands deliver seamless cross-platform communication through a single managed hub.

What is CPaaS?

When PaaS offers are specifically oriented toward supporting communication functionality, these are called communications PaaS, or cPaaS. In several cases, these platforms are integrated with special purpose communications infrastructure, while in other cases these operate on public IaaS offers. Increasingly, business application developers want to extend their applications with SMS, MMS, speech recognition, mobile browsing, two-factor authentication, intelligent assistants and other emerging options for fixed and mobile interactions. Additionally, enterprises are rethinking how they offer services, developing highly interactive automated customer and service experiences that allow them to compete in the emerging digital business and digital customer service and digital workplace. Today, cPaaS platforms are evolving to address this new class of enterprise communication requirements.

- Gartner

CPaaS leverages cloud technology to offer businesses of all sizes the ability to develop and embed communication features without having to invest in purpose-built applications. It provides businesses with a complete development framework that integrates real time communication (RTC) features into their existing communication stack. CPaaS typically includes software tools, sample codes, pre-built applications and standards-based application programming interfaces (APIs). CPaaS vendors also offer product support and documentation to help developers throughout the development process. Certain vendors also provide software development kits (SDKs) and libraries for building applications on different systems (desktops, mobiles etc.)

A CPaaS solution helps brands execute engagement strategies over multiple channels and devices, along with smart workflows to build seamless customer journeys. Essentially, this means that the customer could communicate with the brand seamlessly via multiple channels (text, video, voice) from inside the same user interface or app, without having to switch the screen.

Although marketing automation has been around for some time now, automation tools usually lack the ability to integrate standalone communication platforms like text, voice and over the top (OTT) chat and video into business workflows. While marketing automation tools are still integral to messaging, we need to expand their scope to incorporate multiple messaging channels, more data, and better segmentation than before.

CPaaS: The next frontier of integrated communications

Whether you realize it or not, most enterprise communication frameworks have gaps or blindspots in how they enable communication with each other, or customers, or vendors. It could be something as simple as interacting with customers through text messages at scale, or as complex as manually logging customer calls. CPaaS, with its API-driven architecture enables organizations to leverage voice, video, and messaging elements with ease.

 WebRTC is a powerful technology standard enabling real-time audio and video in web applications. But it's an enabling technology--not a solution. The real promise of WebRTC is helping to design far better communications experiences. By moving communications capabilities into the world of software, through CPaaS, we can improve the communications experience and go beyond the legacy hardware-centric approaches of the past. Hardware vendors that offer "WebRTC support" only deliver a small fraction of the benefit of WebRTC. An API-driven software-first approach is required to make real gains in employee productivity and customer experience.

- Rob Brazier, Director of Product Management (Video & WebRTC) at Twilio

The CPaaS space was originally driven by startups such as Twilio, Plivo and TokBox, which offer APIs for embedding communications, while legacy communication vendors including Genband’s Kandy and Avaya’s Breeze have now introduced new CPaaS services. It is also interesting to note that enterprise communication behemoths Cisco and Vonage have acquired startups such as Tropo and Nexmo respectively. The growth of the CPaaS market is aligned to emerging trends in customer-facing communications. One of the key growth drivers of the CPaaS market is the need for contextual communications that augments customer experience. Say, for instance, you can order a pizza using an online food delivery app, but when you want to call the restaurant and change your order, you have to use the phone because there is no feature within the app that lets you call them directly. This is because developing and maintaining a system that dependably handles RTC is unreasonably expensive and complicated. Until CPaas, that is.

Speaking about the ROI and navigating the blindspots of customer experience, Rob’s tip to marketers is, “Look for friction in your customer journeys. Good indicators can be spots where your customers are leaving a task or transaction incomplete, unnecessarily calling customer service, or searching for information on your website. Optimize ROI by focusing on the customer, measuring cost and benefit for the journey end-to-end, and embracing iteration. Understanding the customer journey as a system of independent pieces that work together to deliver that customer goal allows you to measure the cost at each point in the value chain.” 

CPaaS doesn't force you to take a rip and replace ‘big bet’ approach. CPaaS instead dramatically reduces the cost of experimentation and radically increases the flexibility available to any customer or employee interaction. You can break down a complex problem into bite-size peces, optimize them one at a time, and measure at every step of the way.

- Rob Brazier

As a marketer you know that your customers have unique interests and needs, but you also know that certain groups of customers behave in similar ways. One of the key facets of omnichannel communications, as powered by CPaaS tools, is segmenting your customers into groups, who can receive personalized messages that highlight their online behavior. Within a CPaaS system it’s easy to say, “Thank you Bob for being such a valuable customer, here’s 10% off your next upgrade of our Email Marketing Software” and also say, “Thank you Carol for being such a valuable customer, here’s 10% off your next purchase of our Content Marketing research paper” for customers with similar buying profiles, even though the product is completely different. CPaaS also helps you understand how your customers like receiving your message. While Bob likes to interact over emails, Carol likes SMS – this is how you reach those sub-segments of each larger segment.

Choosing the right CPaaS provider

As with any major purchasing decision, asking the right questions can help you select a service provider that works for you and grows with you. Since CPaaS is still a relatively young market segment, here are a few make-or-break questions that you need to ask yourself before you take the leap.CPaaS is not a DIY solution yet!

CPaaS is not a DIY solution yet!

CPaaS essentially provides developers with tools they need to create unique and robust app-based customer experiences without having to build all the back-end infrastructure from scratch — just a simple API integration is all that's required. However, certain solutions may require advanced development skills, depending on how you use the API.

Although certain vendors do provide a plug-and-play solution, where you just need to plug into your high-speed internet to access all the communication tools the CPaaS platform offers. Most CPaaS solutions require basic level API integration.

What are the features that your business needs? Most CPaaS vendors offer basic voice and messaging services, however there are a few niche players who also offer services such as MMS, video messaging, group messaging etc. Before zeroing down on a CPaaS vendor, you need to ensure what your business exactly needs.

Does the platform offer flexibility to make changes and APIs to support integrations? The best thing about a CPaaS solution is the extensive customization options that it offers, allowing you to pick the exact features your business needs and updating them as your business evolves. Solutions that provide code-level access to make modifications to the CPaaS solution is a huge plus that will help you increase productivity and drive bottom-line business growth.

Does the platform meet all your security and compliance requirements? A great CPaaS solution delivers built-in scalability, security and compliance as a result of being hosted on the cloud. With a scalable and secure CPaaS solution, apps built on the platform feature the benefits of those measures with zero additional effort from your end.

Finding the answers to these questions will help you differentiate CPaaS vendors, pinpoint potential providers and eventually find the perfect fit. Successfully implementing a CPaaS strategy will help you add scalable, flexible messaging to internal and customer-facing applications without making a huge, upfront investment in back-end infrastructure. 

This article was first appeared on MarTech Advisor

[kiwi-ara-anddwpride-blog]

Best fat burner pills to lose weight fast

Losing a few pounds will not be an easy job. Many people are disappointed whenever you attain your purpose of shedding pounds shortly and easily. Check out the best fat burner for women guide and reviews by following the link.

 If you're certainly one of them, then chances are you'll wish to strive some quick weight loss capsules that can assist you obtain fast weight reduction results. Nonetheless, it's crucial to consider some things before the fast weight reduction tablets to decide on the be just right for you.

While it is not practically as comprehensive as Transparent Labs, Thermakor by Kor Diet continues to be higher than the competitors for multiple causes. First, the system in Thermakor is made using pure substances within the United States. Second, this can be a fat burner that isn't overloaded with caffeine however it should nonetheless provide you with great power. Third, its a simple to take one tablet twice a day routine. And fourth, it can be taken by each women and men.

Turning into a fats burner actually means your physique shifts from glucose to fat as its main gasoline supply. All of the sudden, you may go 4 to six hours between meals. Cravings subside. Your hormones cooperate so you burn fat and stay lean. You uncover what it feels wish to feel full once more.

Think of fat burners like a scope on a sniper rifle, solely you're making an attempt to shrink fats cells. Eating regimen is the gun, the heavy artillery; exercise is the firepower; and fat burners could allow you to purpose a bit higher and kill fat extra efficiently. However fats burners don't work to their greatest impact when they're used improperly. Usually, it is because individuals do not take note of the next 5 primary ideas for utilizing a fats burner efficiently to drop some weight. For those who follow, the next fats burner you spend money on may help you trim the fat and reveal that physique you've been working onerous to build.

The SST capsule is a capsule that's filled with tons of of micro balls, which contain the elements. Each micro ball has a Terra shell that is made with a unique level of PH resistance, some balls have a low level of PH resistance and will dissolve earlier in digestion, it simply depends on which substances are within the micro ball and at which level of digestion these elements need to launch.

The creators declare this complement will tremendously increase vitality, which is achieved by the use of stimulant ingredients but these elements can negatively affect some customers. So this fats burner is efficient and can aid you burn fats however if you're sensitive to stimulants than it's in all probability not for you.

Different weight loss pills are those who say that to speed up metabolism. Many individuals achieve weight quicker due to metabolic issues. These tablets usually comprise a stimulant that may barely enhance metabolism. You need to keep in mind, nevertheless, that these tablets can have undesirable uncomfortable side effects akin to anxiety, hypertension, insomnia and heart palpitations.

Tea and Espresso - Tea and occasional each include caffeine which is often recognized to be a stimulant. This means it could possibly help enhance your metabolism by 5-eight% and burning around ninety eight-174 energy a day. These are easy and natural fat burners that may fit into most people diets!

Advantra Z - Advantra Z is also referred to as bitter Orange or Synephrine HCL, it is a natural occurring urge for food suppressant and stimulant. Synephrine has been clinically confirmed to induce weight loss by greatly boosting the bodies vitality, the extra energy expenditure forces the physique to burn extra energy than normal, but some users could react negatively to such a potent stimulant.

Fats Burning - a fat burner is mostly a supplement that is designed to advertise fats loss or increase your power, boost metabolism and suppress urge for food. These products are often offered in liquid or pill. A fat burner is a time period generally used to determine all kinds of diet pills.

Chilli Peppers - Chilli peppers comprise capsaicin, which is what makes them so spicy. By consuming about 1 tablespoon of chopped peppers you possibly can help increase your sympathetic nervous system for a short lived metabolism spike of about 23%, which is what makes them top-of-the-line natural fat burners round. Who knew that one thing that can add a boost to your meals might also add a lift to your fats burning!

These two fats burning supplements along with your thermogenic fat burner will work completely to increase your each day calorie burn (Thermogenic fats burner), to ensure the calories burnt are being fuelled by fat (ALCAR) and from laborious to move areas (midsection and thighs) (CLA).

Thermogenic - These dietary supplements are believed to increase the body's metabolism via the era of heat (also called thermogenesis know). This increased heat and elevated vitality causes the physique to burn extra calories. With the ban of ephedra in 2003, many products use plant compounds which have the ability to burn fat to mimic ephedra.

Most people know about the side effects however they do not pay attention to how severe these negative effects may very well be. These well being junkies, particularly the youngsters are so obsessed about looking slim that they don't even care to read the directions before taking these drugs and find yourself risking their health.

Milk - Milk incorporates calcium and like with iron, a deficiency can be detrimental to your fat burning efforts. Consuming calcium can also help reduce fat absorption from other foods so is great general for fat burning and basic health. Calcium may also be present in other dairy product like cheese and yoghurt which makes these fat burners too.

Fat burning drugs are supplements that may assist enhance the body's fats burning potential. They work by aiding the speed at which the body can burn fat in several methods. Many fat burning tablets comprise thermogenic properties and elements, which implies they (safely and naturally) turn the warmth up in your body. This will then result in a boosted metabolism and enhanced fat burning potential as they make the physique work more durable to process them that means more calories are used and more fat is burnt.

Grenade Fats Burner incorporates bitter orange, an herbal extract which will promote weight reduction however may additionally cause you to faint, based on the Nationwide Institutes of Well being. The NIH advises towards combining bitter orange with caffeine, however each ingredients are present in Grenade Fat Burner.

The challenge is in determining what's probably the most beneficial fats burner consuming plan capsule is for you personally. The actuality is it helps make no huge difference what is the prime burner tablet for anybody else, that is why you have to to do your private due diligence and never depend solely on prime 10 fat burner lists solely ( they could be an ideal commencing stage for investigation).

A vital question you can ask, that almost all producers of diet pills that claim to pure assets and are sometimes difficult to get real. I agree. For the most effective weight loss pills, do, go for natural, and get a real natural pills to drop pounds, you have to purchase Meratol. Meratol is a food plan capsule, all natural. To be taught extra about it, I recommend you learn a very good evaluation Meratol weight vary.

With high quality drugs weight reduction that is authorised by a doctor, possibly all of the meals you like to eat and nonetheless shed pounds. Kelly invited the writer of this article; visit their website to learn the points to think about when selecting weight reduction tablets.

This fats burner goes to work by stimulating the speed of lipolysis that is taking place in your body, which is the burning of physique fats stores as a gasoline source. You could find Lipo 6 Extremely Focus in GNC for around $forty, and in some circumstances cheaper. Click on Right here to learn my full overview of Lipo 6 Black Ultra Concentrate. Considered one of it's key substances is named Capsimax, which is made out of the pure extract present in chili peppers. If you determine to get Lipo 6 Black focus, you could wish to think about stacking it with a substance referred to as Phenibut.

Sadly, weight problems is an agreement that's epidemic in most Western countries, however especially within the United States and United Kingdom. That is mainly as a result of low quality of foods high in saturated fat they consume a lot of people regularly.

The second way to shed weight meals components is to suppress the desire to eat, so it's easy to eat in small quantities. The appetite suppression is usually achieved by rising the metabolism, and this can lead to difficulty concentrating, insomnia, coronary heart assaults and hypertension.

As a result, sugar burners typically really feel cranky, tired, irritable, and continuously hungry. You wrestle to drop extra pounds, and often carry fats round your midsection. A vicious cycle ensues as frequent drops in blood sugar make your physique crave more sugar.

[theguardian911]

People Mistakenly Think These Animals Feel No Pain or Emotions. Many Fish Owners View Their Pets as Decorations By Dr. Becker Aquatic animals, including fish, are the most popular pets in the U.S. if you calculate popularity based on the number of owned pets. Sadly, many spend their days silently circling mundane fish bowls that are undersized or improperly prepared. Many also start out unhealthy and disease-prone because of overbreeding and selective breeding to create a certain aesthetic feature like long fins, bubble eyes or a round belly. Despite advances in many areas of animal welfare, fish are still widely regarded as ornamental and throwaway pets. But these creatures are far more complex than many people realize and are deserving not only of basic ethical treatment but also far more, including veterinary care, enrichment and stimulation. Would You Seek Veterinary Care for Your Fish? A commentary published in Clinician’s Brief brought up some important points about the ramifications of viewing ornamental fish as just that — mere “decorations” for your office or child’s bedroom. For starters, many fish owners do not seek veterinary care for their fish because they don’t know it’s available — or that they should. In fact, when asked about fish conditions, some veterinarians, lacking in appropriate treatment options or know-how, may refer clients to pet stores, who may in turn give out inaccurate information in response. As a result, “concern for the welfare of pet fish may not extend past their perceived economic value.” As noted by Clinician’s Brief, more research is needed into ornamental fish and there should be more education available for retailers, hobbyists and even veterinarians in the realm of fish medicine. In addition: “Pharmaceutical companies have not kept pace with advances for fish as for other companion species, and a proliferation of inexpensive over-the-counter treatments, how-to articles and general misinformation leads to sick fish often being treated (or mistreated) with chemicals and even invasive home surgeries without a proper diagnosis. Protracted and unnecessary suffering often results. Prejudices and misconceptions may suggest that fish-welfare issues are grossly underreported.” Why It’s Important to Consider the Needs of Your Fish Many are surprised to learn that fish have “needs” beyond water and daily food, and that’s precisely the point. The fact that fish can feel pain, show emotions and “talk” using a wide range of communicatory methods is not widely known, though it should be — especially by those who choose to have fish as pets. As reported in the journal Animal Cognition, there is a large gap between people’s perception of fish intelligence and the scientific reality, which is that fish have perception and cognitive abilities that rival, or exceed, that of other vertebrates. Fish, for instance: Perform multiple complex tasks simultaneously (a trait that was once believed to exist only among humans) Recall the location of objects using “feature cues” (which humans figure out how to do around age 6) Have excellent long-term memories "Cooperate with one another and show signs of Machiavellian intelligence such as cooperation and reconciliation” Use tools Culum Brown, Ph.D., associate professor at Macquarie University in Australia, who authored the Animal Cognition review, said in an interview with the Huffington Post: “The big issue here is that people don’t treat fish the same way as they do other animals. It’s complicated, but it boils down to the fact that most people just don’t understand them and can’t relate to them. If you don’t have that connection, you are less likely to feel any empathy … Fish are similar to humans in so many ways. This is the message we need to get across … My mission in life is to make people think about fish as something other than food.” 10 Common Fish Owner Mistakes Many fish owners do strive to take good care of their pets, but misinformation may lead to sick or stressed-out animals. Here are some top mistakes, compiled by PetMD, that many fish owners make: 1. Overfeeding This may lead to excess waste, which in turn can interfere with water quality. A general guide is to feed fish the amount of food they consume in three minutes. Remove any excess with a net. Scavengers like crabs can also help to clean up uneaten food. Be aware that not all fish feed the same way; some fish do better with two smaller feedings a day while others like to nibble plants. Some fish scavenge for their food while others hunt, for instance. Consider the use of puzzle feeders and sinking feeders, or live prey, if applicable to your fish species. 2. New Tank Syndrome Before adding fish to a new tank, bacteria must build up to process the nitrogen compounds in fish waste. Certain additives can be found to assist in this process, as can adding sand or gravel from an established healthy tank. You should have water samples tested by an aquarium store to be sure you’ve got the right balance. 3. Mismatching Fish Species Fish have different personalities and not all get along well together. It’s very important to be aware of whether the fish species you choose are known for being aggressive. Aggressive fish can bully or fight more passive fish, even to the point of death or starvation (in which a fish is too frightened to come out of hiding to eat). 4. Overcrowding In general, fish need 1 gallon of water per inch of fish. Aggressive fish need double that amount, and be sure to take into account rocks and decorations, which, though important, take up valuable swimming space. 5. Vacation Care If you leave for vacation, your fish need to be cared for while you’re away, just like other pets. In addition to carefully letting a pet sitter know how much food to feed, be sure to prepare the sitter for what to do in the event of tank issues and how to check water temperature. 6. Temperature Control You’ll need to install a thermometer to monitor water temperature, which should generally be between 68 and 76 degrees F, depending on the species of fish. Be aware that drafts and sun can change the temperature of the tank, and smaller tanks are more vulnerable to rapid temperature shifts than larger tanks. Be vigilant in monitoring water temperature. 7. Overlooking Disease If your fish is showing signs of disease, via appearance or changes in habits, transfer him to a quarantine tank and seek veterinary care. Oftentimes, a new fish added to the tank may be a source of disease. Before new animals are added to an existing tank, a quarantine period of 21 to 28 days is recommended. To help relieve stress during the quarantine, a hiding spot (such as PVC pipe or stacked rocks) should be provided and water quality and temperature should be maintained. 8. Neglect Successfully caring for an aquarium takes daily care and regular maintenance. Make a point to mark maintenance needs on your calendar or use tools like automatic feeders or water-quality probes to help you stay on track. You can even track the water quality of your aquarium right on your computer via wireless monitoring devices. 9. Being Impatient Building a healthy and beautiful aquarium doesn’t happen overnight. It takes time to research and build the correct mix of fish, plants and ornamental objects, as well as learn how to monitor water quality and conduct maintenance. Acting impulsively may lead to choices that could harm your fish. 10. Using Tap Water The water from your tap is treated with chlorine that can harm fish. Water for your tank must be treated with chlorine-removing tablets. Also be sure to avoid using soap in your aquarium. Most cleansing can be done with hot water and a small amount of bleach that’s thoroughly rinsed off. Finally, provide non-toxic items for your fish to explore — plants, rocks, structures, ceramic objects and more — and change them regularly to provide new stimulation. Then, enjoy getting to know each of your fish. Many enjoy interacting with their owners and can learn to recognize you and even perform tricks. If you decide ornamental fish sound like pets you may be interested in keeping make sure to only purchase captive-bred fish; leave wild fish in the ocean, where they belong.