#1916 uprising

[priwenshallprevail]

Ꮪꮃꭺꮲꮲꮖɴꮐ Ꮩꭼꮋꮖꮯꮮꭼꮪ Starter for : @pushspacetocontinue Never was there a dull evening in jolly ol' London. Or so the breath of sarcasm deflated whatever enthusiasm McCullum had left within his court of thought. The rain had been pouring in heavy droplets, saturating the two men standing abroad in it. Or rather one stood over the other. Both adorning elements of uniform bearing similarity to the witnessed militant unit rumored to be terrorizing the streets at night. Certain boroughs going as far as to gossip in tying them to Irish Nationalist -- even though they were, and always had been, a group of mixed nationalities. Others pinged them for a rising gang. The majority forever blind and ignorant to the wickedness Priwen delivered them from, giving them their lives so the ignorant could continue in cherishing theirs.

The soldier who stood was but a clean shaven youth, no older than twenty. With nerves wracked across his visage, fitted to the skittish demeanor he embanked in glances every now and again along the alley. Or occasionally floating eyes up across the street way. Anxious. An electric torch in hand, angling down to illuminate the other's line of work amid the engine bay.

The broader male who was less clothed than his counterpart, happened to be leaning over the grille of an identified canopy issued cargo truck, abruptly grunted over his partner's expense. " If ye don't keep t'at light still, lad -- I'm goin' feed ye ta t'e bloody skals , me self ! "

He groused into muttering something foreign under his breath in suit. Followed by a grinding of two metal properties against one another, as the Irishman hardened the wrench around one wedged folding. The hood of the truck mouthed wide open, propped within an angle of itself. The weather's crescendo pummeling down onto the metal of the vehicle's make-shift awning, amplifying it's beat out in echoes across the engine hold. " Someones comin' ! " The youth chirped, his octave hanging over sudden, augment bid onto stress as it gave sway. Far more native than the male rummaging around the chamber below if his accent were to present. " Light ! Still ! Now -- feckin' liúdramán ! " McCullum at first ignored him. His demand curt, partially muffled below deck as if he held hardware between his teeth. Which underneath it all, he had held a pair of foul tasting, grease riddled bolts in between clenched jaws. " Keep yer panties on, Ger' -- most likely a civilian. " He reprimanded off cue with a lesser chortle that subdued over the tackles now currently jutting out from the corner of his mouth.

[memories-of-ancients]

The Easter Uprising, April 24th-27th, 1916

[workingclasshistory]

On this day, 26 October 1881, communist Indigenous activist Dolores Cacuango was born in Ecuador to a family of poor hacienda workers. She ran away from her family to Quito, where she got a job as a maid, learned Spanish and gradually became radicalised. Cacuango moved back to her home town to help organise with the working class to improve their conditions. A liberal revolution took place in 1916, which claimed it would give back land stolen from Indigenous peoples by big landowners and the Church. But the promises of the new government were largely unmet, and poor campesinos continued to be largely landless and ruthlessly exploited. Cacuango took part in the landless and Indigenous movements, and strongly advocated for women's rights and campaigned against the endemic sexual abuse of Indigenous women by hacienda bosses, becoming famed for her fiery speeches in Spanish and Kichwa. She took part in various uprisings and strikes, became a leading member of the Communist Party, co-founded the Indigenous Ecuadorian Federation in 1944 and lived until the age of 89. https://www.facebook.com/workingclasshistory/photos/a.296224173896073/2119380261580446/?type=3

[dear-ao3]

Fennec what’s your favorite historical period? Ask love the name

thank you!

mostly early American history specifically the Mexican-American war, Bleeding Kansas/John Brown American Civil War and the reconstruction era. Also Irish immigrant history in New York City (i have the flag of the New York 69th hanging on my wall lmao) and the Saint Patrick Batallion. I really like the Irish uprising of 1916 and the history of the IRA. I have a pretty wide range of historical topics i like but those the main ones.

(note from katya: they also know a little too much about ulysses s grant and james connolly)

[larsgoingtomars]

You all may think the ira are just a terrorist group, which they are now, and you question irelands pride when we mention the ira at times. I want you all to know they used to be our heroes. The members of the 1916 rising got executed by a firing squad for an uprising that lasted less than a week. They knew they wouldn't win. They knew they wouldnt have a hope. They inspired generations to come, and inspired our freedom. There was a whole ass civil war because of a treaty because SOME PEOPLE™️ wouldn't give us a damn republic

I could be speaking my native language now, but instead i have to struggle in irish class, and be detrimental to my mental health. We could be a pagan country, we could know our own traditions instead of me having to educate my PARENTS on our own culture, with them not caring. Fuck politics and fuck you too

[grandhotelabyss]

Favorite Yeats poem? I can't get enough of him.

"Easter, 1916." He does everything he could do there; it's the greatest political poem in English of the 20th century. First, simply from a "craft" perspective, there is the propulsive but unobtrusive accentual (but not syllabic) meter, the pulsing three-beat line. Then the deceptively simple abab rhyme scheme—except that the even lines only ever off-rhyme. Sound mimics sense in this mingling of the beautiful and the terrible: our march song is never quite in perfect rhythm. We can never quite get the steps right as we march toward our sublime deaths. This isn't "The Charge of the Light Brigade."

For one thing, it's not public rhetoric, or not just public rhetoric. There is the quiet, personal opening of the first stanza, the "I" in its humble self-deprecatory historical setting, when we know what modern life and all its calculating mediocrity meant for Yeats. Then, enacting in language the transformation it proposes of public life, the first appearance of the refrain lifts the poem into epic.

In the second stanza, we find an epic catalogue of the flawed vessels of historical force, made more poignant by a knowledge of what it probably took for Yeats to praise MacBride ("a drunken, vainglorious lout") who had, in his mind, robbed him of Maud Gonne. Small-nation politics lends itself to such gossip. "Great hatred, little room," as he had it elsewhere. But that farce is past. Comedy has turned to tragedy in the national epic of the uprising.

But this, again, is poetry: not propaganda. You don't write the best political poem of the 20th century by celebrating emancipatory violence without subtlety, without nuance, without irony. Here we have the irony of a conservative revolution—again, recall the etymology of Tory—revolution not as the forward movement of history, as the benighted progressive thinks, but rather as the obdurate force that blocks history from engulfing the whole of the lifeworld. He sounds oddly like Benjamin here, as well as like Eliot, showing how vain it is to explain the most serious art and thought by shallow labels like left and right. "Enchanted" as it is, though, the stone is also opposed to nature, to the "living stream" figured most vividly in the prospective mating of hen and cock. As in "Sailing to Byzantium," another favorite, Yeats is worried about the conflict between the art and the life, between raw life and the artifice of eternity. The refrain does not appear, the poem's own flow broken.

Our bard, who as a member of the Protestant upper class favored negotation with England rather than violent revolt, expresses misgivings. Homer didn't have misgivings, for all that Yeats would later want to model himself on Homer's "unchristened heart." He has misgivings about more than just resistance tactics. He identifies with women, he fears for the nation's children, for the nation's very soul. The trope of the stone becomes disenchanted, no longer the Arthurian romance's source of political power but the Old Testament's hardness of heart, inviting divine chastisement. The cause of the revolutionaries itself comes into question for a moment. Was their violence part of the vanity, part of the "motley," with which the poem began? Have we really ever left the comedy, the 18th-century farce? But the motive spiritualizes the event: "excess of love." We think of Antigone, we think of Lear. Tragic heroism is still heroism. And in conclusion, the epic catalogue proper, before the refrain comes around again for our cyclic poet, itself changed utterly: "terrible beauty" no longer a political slogan but the aesthetic credo that will guide the rest of the poet's work out of the bee-loud glade and the Celtic Twilight and into "the desolation of reality," "gaiety transfiguring all that dread," the gaiety that is the achievement of form in the midst of terror.

[fatehbaz]

[I]n the period of eerie suspension before the explosion [...], those who registered the [...] uncanny [...] experience[d] a condition that [...] would become familiar to everyone living in a targeted city during the Cold War: the sense that the present survival and flourishing of the city were simultaneously underwritten and radically threatened by its identity as a nuclear target. [...] [I]nhabitants of Cold War cities [...] became accustomed to a more overt and permanent variant of the uncanny frisson [...]. Lobbing incendiaries and explosives through the roofs and windows […], the British gunners gutted portions of the Dublin city center; during the week of the Rising, 500 people died […]. The more frequent and extreme outbreaks of traumatic violence in everyday urban life […], in the early-twentieth-century imaginary, the city had begun to host new forms of sudden mass death and severe physical destruction.

Cities had, of course, been sites of mass death before 1916.

But the Easter Rising differed from nineteenth-century urban barricade fighting in the use, principally by British soldiers, of more precise and destructive weapons; fired from the ground, from rooftops, and from gunships in the Liffey, the new cannons, incendiaries, and machine guns rapidly reduced whole blocks of the city center to ruins. These emerging military technologies and strategies link the Rising to the Great War then raging in England and on the Continent, whose fields and cities had become proving grounds for new weaponry and modes of warfare. In Ireland and the Great War, [...] “Like the Western Front [the Easter Rising] became a war of attrition, and the lessons of the Western Front were taught again in the streets of Dublin.” […]

---

Though the shelling of Dublin in 1916 reminded observers of Ypres, Louvain, and other European cities ruined in the Great War, it might as credibly have called to mind a different list: Canton, Kagoshima, and Alexandria. During the second half of the nineteenth century, British naval bombardments made rubble of these coastal cities […].

The naval bombardment of undefended cities and civilians, particularly those in colonial territories, paved the way for the first airplane bombardments, in which the imperial powers of Europe dropped bombs on nonwhite, non-European adversaries and anticolonial forces.

Italy pioneered airplane bombardment in 1911 by bombing Arab oases outside Tripoli; British planes bombed Pathans in India in 1915, Egyptian revolutionaries and the Sultan of Farfur in 1916, a Mashud uprising on the Indian-Afghanistan border in 1917, and Somaliland and the Afghan cities of Dacca, Jalalabad, and Kabul in 1919.

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Several years before the inhabitants of European cities experienced it, aerial bombardment had been established as a uniquely colonial nightmare. [...] [T]he initial use of airplane bombs against colonies was foreseen and even fed by a racist fantasy pervading early-twentieth-century European science fiction, a fantasy of bombing subject races either into submission or out of existence. The willingness of several signatory nations to ignore Article 25 when bombing nonwhite soldiers and civilians made colonial towns and cities the first civilian spaces secured by the implied threat of bombardment from above.

In the world war […] the brief tenure of aerial bombardment as an exclusively colonial technique ended when imperial powers launched the first bombing campaigns against the cities of other imperial powers, initiating a change that would later find its apogee in the nuclear condition: the reconfiguration of the major metropolis as target.

---

Text by: Paul K. Saint-Amour. “Bombing and the Symptom: Traumatic Earliness and the Nuclear Uncanny.” Diacritics Volume 30 Number 4. Winter 2000. [Bold emphasis and some paragraph breaks/contractions added by me.]

[importantwomensbirthdays]

Ella Young

Writer and scholar Ella Young was born in 1867 in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. Young published her first book of poetry in 1906, with a work of Irish folklore following three years later. In 1910, she published Celtic Wonder Tales, another collection of Celtic myths, which was later translated into French and received new editions in 1923, 1995, and 2001. Young was a member of Sinn Féin and a participant in the 1916 Uprising. She believed in the revival of Irish culture through the promotion of Celtic mythology. Young came to the US to teach at UC Berkeley, becoming a respected educator. Two of her books, The Wonder Smith and His Son and The Tangle-Coated Horse and Other Tales were Newbery Honor books.

Ella Young died in 1956 at the age of 88.

[iwannakissasopwithcamel]

Ritter Model D ‘SeePfau’ - "Doom of the Caproni Push"

Role: Seaplane Scout Served With: UWF, Macchi, Fokker First Flight: 1587 Strengths: Nimble in the Turn Weaknesses: Underarmed Inspiration: Sopwith Triplane (1916)

Description:

Though the Ritter Model D Pfau began life as a conventional land-based triplane, it did not stay that way for long. Originally, it was produced by Ritter for the United Western Federation as an iteration on the Model C, hopefully giving the flagging UWF Luftwaffe an edge against the larger Gotha Luftstreitkräfte. It was soon overshadowed by the more successful Model F and relegated to supplemental roles until the fall of the UWF.

However, when the Ritter factories evacuated to Macchi, the Republics found a new use for the Model D. Its stability made it a natural fit for their island garrisons, and the SeePfau was born.

In addition to still being common there, thousands were seized as trophies by the Fokker Kingdoms after the Macchi Republics fragmented into uprisings, guerrilla armies, and banditry. The survivors were sent to fischer villages to be used for training, and many remain there to this day.

[sourcreammachine]

i’m no historian but the Wars of the Three Kingdoms did not end in 1653. it ended in 1691

“peace” may have occurred in 1653, as in no faction was engaging in war with another, but it absolutely was not peace. not only was the most severe genocide in early-modern europe still ongoing, but the aftermath of the 20 april coup brought brutal repressions by the military governors. conflict was still ongoing

and it’s unhelpful to label 1653 as the end of the period of actual warfare. there were the sealed knot uprisings, the naval wars with Netherland and Spain, monck’s coup (which would’ve been a violent uprising had the pro-regime forces not immediately surrendered to him), and the millenarian insurrection of january 6 (not kidding)

but my biggest gripe with the 1653 reckoning is it doesn’t encompass the revolution of 1688 and ensuing williamite-jacobite war, events which resulted in the passing and reneging of the treaty of Limerick (allowing for the anglo-protestant ascendency in Ireland), the act of settlement 1701 which de facto annexed Scotland, all of which contributed to continuing violent persecution of catholics across the isles. i’d argue that the brutality in Ireland even after the fall of Cavan fits the definition of war - the act of settlement 1652 and the ethnic cleansing and slavery of Hell-or-Connaught was a violent war on the Irish people, even though Ireland as a polity was no more

the end of the Commonwealth-Covenant-Confederation Wars (or, perhaps, war) in 1653 was a cessation of interfactional/interstate warfare but it was not a cessation of violence and belligerency and it was not the end of this period of historically impactful conflicts. the lasting realignment of the political system in the so-called three kingdoms was the revolution of 1688. this realignment brought the abolition of one of the ‘three kingdoms’, the transformation of another into a segregatory sectarian settler-colonial state (which would precipitate its total annexation 100 years later as a way of diluting the effects of the necessary climbdown on catholic persecution, which would precipitate the genocide of the great hunger, all of which ultimately led to the 1916 uprising and the partition), and the establishment in the other of the whig-tory political order which ruled the country (and over its neighbours) for 150-ish years unchallenged, and for the past 200-ish years with the pretension of electoral democracy

there was a ceasefire in 1653, yes, which was when a period of overlapping wars on the isles came to an end under the dominance of the military dictatorship. but a broader definition, a 52-year period of conflict, is needed to offer this period its necessary provenance. focusing only on the 1639-1653 wars does a disservice to the historical importance of the other conflicts, especially the revolution in England and the anti-jacobite subjugation in Ireland. acting like conflict ended in 1653 presents monck’s putsch as universally welcome, the 1688 revolution as politically inconsequential, charles stuart ii and william orange as heroes, and Irish history as irrelevant

a taxonomical term could or should exist for the 1639-1653 wars. but that which should be the wider umbrella term for this period of conflict, the Wars of the Three Kingdoms (or your favourite synonym), is way bigger than that

[priwenshallprevail]

Heɑɗcɑƞσƞs :

I'm debating hard now if I should scrap the idea of McCullum being on the Western Front. At least as a soldier on their command. Which the more I think on it, the more I would think if he was over there ?? He wouldn't be there with a unit at all. He'd be over there unofficially. I have a small verse set to that… may keep it. For some alternative. It wouldn't make sense on him being over in the Western Front officially, anyway. McCullum, being an orphan. Would probably have missing papers. Regardless if Eldritch tried to correct that system or not. So the verse I have of that, would be more toward unofficial business and reconnaissance. He'd be posing as someone else more or less. Perhaps asked by an informant that suspected vampiric activity interfering with the war. Maybe hunting a vampiric war General who was completely obliterating allied troops ? One that could turn the tides on a important battle, etc. But he'd also be in and out after the deed was done. He wouldn't be tethered to the war as a whole. So I may keep it for that particular aspect. But for his main focus ?? I'm leaning heavily on default in having him stay in Ireland for the most half of Easter Rising, and may have even been part of it in one way or another. That the political movement was so massive and constant -- whilst rampant prejudices were always in his face, or lie witness to the brutality his countrymen endured on a day to day basis. He'd feel none other than deep compelling to get involved. Which is why there is a line in game that I hardcore link to this , between two Priwen soldiers that states he had been off on his own agenda for some time. Subtly insinuative it being solo and perhaps non Priwen business. That he just got back in England a few nights ago, which would pin it to the time frame of the day/night of Reid's rebirth and Mary's first death. Another headcanon of mine , and one undoubtedly linked, was he had in fact been with his men on that particular patrol. The more I listen to the background noise on the beginning of the game the more I am convinced that it isn't just a headcanon, but pure canon. The line in question , " Kill it, boy ! " Not only does it sound like Ben Peel, but it is treated with such cadence and authority -- that to me, it could only be matched to McCullum. .. and I'm running with that.

Veeeeeeeeeeeery tempting.

[vivi266]

As an aside on the mentioning of "Social-Democracy" in Militarismus und Antimilitarismus, Liebknecht was part of the left-revolutionary wing of the SPD from 1900 to 1916, when he was expelled from the party, and would later go on to found the KPD in late 1918 with Rosa Luxemburg, both of whom were killed (and politically martyred) in early 1919 after the failed Spartakusbund uprising, and after the rejection of the creation of a socialist republic in Germany in 1918 by the provisional government (which would later become the so-called Weimar Republic). As this pamphlet was written in 1907, it predates both his time as an SPD deputy in the Reichstag and his expulsion from the party, though the distribution thereof would lead to the first of his two imprisonments.

[beneaththegildedmoon]

Stop me if I'm projecting too much but there is a lot of similarities between my own country/people's history and what is happening to the Palestinian people right now and it breaks my heart watching people I grew up with having the most dogshit genocide-apologist takes

History is a compulsory subject in Irish schools up to the age of 15-ish. We cover the Plantations of Ireland and the famine, along with the subsequent rebellions, uprisings, and wars extensively. We celebrate the "heroes" who led the 1916 rising and were summarily executed when it failed. We discuss the partition and the Troubles in depth. Not just in history class, but in religious studies, we talk about the sectarian violence and how people twisted religious differences into a basis of oppression. In Irish classes, we read stories and poetry written and set during the height of the violence. In English, we debate and write essays about the cultural legacy of the colonisation of Ireland and the harm it did to our traditions and practices. In civics, we learn about the aftermath of Home Rule vs full independence and how important self governance has been to healing the wounds of colonialism

We are so steeped in our own history and the need to understand the violence that was done to our people. And now I'm watching the same people who shouted "Up the 'RA" and learned rebel songs to sing on the centenary of the Easter Rising, the same people who are still actively hostile to English people and joked about putting me to death for moving to England for university, are now posting about the plight of the Israeli people and talking about how Palestinians "deserve" whats happening to them because of Hamas. They're out here talking about how there's violence on both sides as though our ancestors won freedom and humane treatment through compliance and peaceful protest. Our whole history screams at us that violence and retaliation is inevitable in the face of an oppressive force and that oppressed groups deserve respect and freedom despite violence done in their name. How the fuck are we so unable to apply that to Palestinians??

[playitagin]

Easter Rising

1916 – Easter Rising: Irish rebels, led by Patrick Pearse and James Connolly, launch an uprising in Dublin against British rule and proclaim an Irish Republic.

[snoofsnorfsneefsnoorf]

Hello it’s me Rika, but now Northern Ireland is my life. He is all I think about. I am craving for more Northern Ireland (+ Scotland and Wales) content in Hetalia. I am obsessed with Irelands (also Northern Irelands obvi, but they share much of the same-)history. When I finish watching Derry Girls (series in 1990 about 5 teenagers living during a national conflict in Northern Ireland) I will watch The Rebellion which is a show about the uprising against the British in Ireland in 1916 I believe. I love Northern Ireland. It is my life. Northern Ireland is great, and so is Ireland. But I’d rather die than try to learn Irish.

Damn mate. I shall give you Northern Ireland content. I will give you...headcanons

N. Ireland

He's a little shit. An absolute goblin. He is the source of chaos.

He wears glasses because it'd be cute and because I said so

His favorite food is potatoes

He's, like, small?

He's a great cook.

Wales

When he's mad no one is able to understand him

He can't cook, nor bake, but he's an absolute unit as a bartender.

He loves fish and has his own aquarium.

When someone he doesn't like is around his accent doubles

He hates tomatoes for no reason whatsoever

Scotland

His hair is a constant mess

He still dresses like it's the 1890s

He never does anything anyone tells him out of spite, especially with England

He pours whiskey into almost anything

He actually has a whole ass skincare routine???

I hope your thirst has be quenched, my friend

[juregim]

Hello,

I had the opportunity to spend two weeks a few years ago in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, it was beautiful, I met a lot of great people, and I really enjoyed my time.

Are there any books or other media you could recommend to know more about the history or culture in Kazakhstan?

hii!! I’m so happy for you!

and so glad you came to me with this question!! i’m always up to discuss our history and culture. i’ll try to only include media that has been translated to english, as most things that come out are usually only in russian and kazakh.

these are in no particular order, just as i remember them:

a great history resource available in english is this website (if the link doesn’t work it’s called edu.e-history.kz). it’s an academic peer reviewed journal that publishes quarterly and has interesting in-depth articles. might be a little hard to navigate but tbh that’s all scientific journal sites in my experience

Abay Kunanbaiuly - Kara sozderi/ The Book of words (link to pdf)

this is a staple in kazakh culture. Abay was one of the first reformers, reaching folk hero status. this work is a collection of theological and philosophical poems. he can be seen as pro-russian, but i always read him as pro cultural exchange and keeping open minds.

Iliyas Esenberlin - Nomads (link to pdf book 1) (link to pdf book 2) (link to book 3)

this is a trilogy, so it is pretty long, but it gives a good overall look at our history, starting from XVth century to mid XIXth century. imo this should be required reading for all kazakhs and kazakhstanis

Books/articles by Radik Temirgeliyev

he is a well established historian, all his work is thoroughly researched and interesting to read.

Sarah Cameron - The Hungry Steppe: Famine, Violence and the making of Soviet Kazakhstan

even though it’s by a foreigner, this book is very well researched and talks about one of the biggest atrocities of the Stalinist regime, the great famine, where over 1,5 million people perished, over 1 million people sought refuge in other countries, and destroyed the economy.

Satpayev Dossym - The Kazakh Uprising 1916

i actually couldn’t find a translation of this, but it’s an incredibly important liberation revolt, so even just reading up about it on the history website above would be informative.

Diana T. Kudaibergenova - Rewriting the Nation in Modern Kazakh Literature: Elites and Narratives

the author is a sociologist and a professor at Cambridge. she has more books and articles about Kazakh history in the Soviet era, but this is the one i’ve read. this book gives an in-depth look at our literature, how our author were creating a national identity, the censorship, the pressure from the government.

Alun Thomas - Nomads and Soviet rule

Looks at what being a nomad means, why Russia wanted so badly for us to settle, what they did to us to make sure of it.

Nomad: The Warrior (link to watch for free)

a 2005 movie epic. it is a dramatisation of the story of Abylai Khan, one of the greatest rulers of the steppe, and the war with Dzunghars.

The Legend of Tomiris (link to watch for free)

this 2019 film looks further back than the stuff i mentioned previously, taking place in XI century BCE. it tells the story of the massagetae queen Tomiris and her fight with the persians. (it received a lot of criticism for historical inaccuracy because it vilified persians which i kind of understand, but on the other hand, it’s a historical drama, like of course it needed a villain. and through the eyes of the nomads of the time, king Cyrus was the enemy, who wanted to conquer their lands.) i have a tag for this movie, where i talked a bit about costuming and stuff.

Myn Bala: Warriors of the Steppe (link to watch on youtube. kazakh spoken, english subs)

a 2011 historical drama, depicting the XVIIIth century war between kazakhs and dzunghars. the romance in this one make me soft.

if you’re a russian speaker, i recommend these instagram accounts as well: @/womenofkz - the author treats her blog as a museum for all topics concerning women in Kazakhstan’s history; @/steppeart miscellaneous pieces of historical information, mostly confer art and shamanism, @/unknownkazak talks a lot about national identity through historical lense.