#American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering

[crimsonpublishers]

A Secreted Protein in the Wnt Signaling Pathway-R-Spondin3: A Mini-Review_Crimson Publishers

Secreted Protein in the Wnt Signaling Pathway-R-Spondin3: A Mini-Review by Qing Yang in Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences: Crimson Publishers_American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering

R-spondins (Roof plate-specific Spondins, RSPOs) are secreted proteins, which act as activators of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and play roles in cell proliferation and differentiation, embryonic development, vasculogenesis as well as many human diseases. R-spondin3 (RSPO3) is a member of RSPOs family, containing two adjacent cysteine-rich furin-like domains, which act as an agonist in Wnt signaling. In this mini-review, we discuss and classify recent progress in understanding the protein functions of RSPO3 in embryonic development, vasculogenesis, and its role in cancers.

https://crimsonpublishers.com/sbb/fulltext/SBB.000518.php

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A Review on Biomedical Waste and its Management-Crimson Publishers

A Review on Biomedical Waste and its Management by Preeti Sharma in Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences: Crimson Publishers-American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering

Biomedical waste is highly hazardous which can give rise to serious diseases that may be fatal; therefore it is a matter of global concern. Biomedical waste management is of great importance to reduce the serious health implications. This article deals with the basic issues of biomedical waste disposal and management of biomedical waste. Its purpose is to spread knowledge among the personnel involved in health care services to prevent transmission of the diseases in the society and to protect public health and environment.

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[crimsonpublishersbiosciences]

The Role of Hba1c in Severity and Mortality Rate of ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction for Hospitalized Libyan Non-Diabetic Patients -Crimson Publishers

The Role of Hba1c in Severity and Mortality Rate of ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction for Hospitalized Libyan Non-Diabetic Patients by Altalhi KGH in Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences: Crimson Publishers-Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering

The severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) is directly related to the quality of glucose control in diabetic patient. Additionally, diabetes is associated with increased mortality following acute myocardial infarction compared to general population. To evaluate the association of HbA1c level and severity of CAD, and outcome of non-diabetic patient with STEMI in our hospital. 60 consecutives non-diabetic patient with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction were treated with thrombolytic therapy included in the present prospective study. Blood glucose and HbA1c level of all patients were measured within 3 hours of admission. Patient were divided into 3 groups according to HbA1c level: with cut-off 6.5% as diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus according to (American diabetes association) group (1) 6.5%, group (2) 6.5 to 8.5%, group (3) 8.5% and above, in hospital. Mortality and morbidities of acute STEMI were compared between groups. The mean age was 63±15 year and mean body mass index was 26.6±6 kg/m², 24 patients (40%) had history of hypertension, 27 patients (45%) of dyslipidemia, 36 patients (60%) were smoker. We found 45 patients with HbA1c≤6.5%, 5 patients with HbA1c 6.5-8.5%, 10 patients with HbA1c≥8.5%. There was strong correlation between admission of HbA1c and admission glucose level (P<0.001). Infarct size as measured by peak creatinine kinase, was not correlated with HbA1c level. HbA1c is an important risk marker in the absence of history of diabetes mellitus in patients with AMI. The optimal management in these patients may contribute in decrease hospital mortality.

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[strathoa]

Running a no-hybrid Open Access funding policy: some results

Pablo de Castro, Open Access Advocacy Librarian

Five months ago we reported that a no-hybrid Open Access funding policy had been introduced at Strathclyde as of mid-Nov last year following the running out of the block grant that the Research Councils UK (currently UK Research and Innovation) had allocated to the university for 2018/19. In that post we promised "regular updates on the progress around the updated APC funding eligibility policy, ideally including a list of the funded journals since the change in the policy". This is the first one of such follow-up posts.

One caveat to keep in mind is that we're only applying a no-hybrid policy to the UKRI block grant and not to the one allocated by the Charities Open Access Fund (COAF) since this one specifically supports hybrid Open Access for the time being (though not for much longer according to the updated Wellcome Trust Open Access policy).

No-hybrid policy results

1. Lower number of funded APCs

An automatic result from the application of a no-hybrid policy is the decrease in the number of funded APCs per month. This is in fact the main reason for the implementation of such policy, since a lower number of funded APCs will mean a lower aggregate expenditure that will make the 2019/20 UKRI block grant last for the whole period it's intended to be used, i.e. until Mar 31st, 2020.

The extrapolation for the annual figure for 2019 shows we're back onto an annual average of a 100 APCs paid from the library. This is roughly where we were in 2016, but a significant underspend forced us to increase the dissemination for the available Open Access funding in 2017 and 2018, something we did so effectively that it eventually led to an overspend.

2. Much more balanced distribution across publishers

The most relevant impact of the introduction of a no-hybrid policy is by far the immediate shift in the distribution of APC funding by publisher, see the figure below. 

Not only the number of APCs paid to large 'hybrid' publishers has very significantly decreased with regard to the past two years, but the number of funded APCs with fully Open Access publishers like MDPI, Frontiers, PLoS or Copernicus has increased in parallel. 

It's not like fully Open Access titles are terribly popular among Strathclyde researchers beyond the very well-established Scientific Reports or Nature Communications, but we're happy to see our first Copernicus entry ever (not that frequent outside German-speaking countries) and to see MDPI topping the table for 2019.

A parallel table to this one charts the number of rejected Open Access funding applications for manuscripts accepted in hybrid titles and their distribution by publisher. The results are not surprising, and researchers are generally well-inclined to follow the Green OA route for these papers. We have nevertheless introduced a 1-paper-per-author-per-year exception under which they may still be able to exceptionally apply for hybrid Open Access funding for excellent papers of theirs (something for them to judge, not for us at the library, it goes without saying).

3. A parallel increase in the use of the Springer Compact

This is not something we were expecting, and in fact we still consider it to be a potential coincidence until we have more data, but it is a fact that since we introduced the no-hybrid policy, the number of publications funded under the Springer Compact has stabilised and is gradually increasing. It's been a while since we stopped trying to predict this monthly trend, as it showed a seemingly erratic behaviour. However, the number of monthly Springer Compact papers remains unusually easy to predict since Dec'18.

Whether or not this is related to the introduction of the no-hybrid policy it's hard to tell, the samples are too small to be statistically significant. If it were so, though, this would hint at a very preliminary Plan S-aligned transition whereby the APCs are transferred to Read & Publish deals. It's still hybrid titles and there's probably not that much of a correlation after all, but it's something we're keeping an eye on anyway. This is definitely the way it should happen, and we now have an ACS R&P deal to test too.

4. List of fully OA titles funded since Nov'18

Not all funded manuscripts have been published in fully OA journals, partially because of the above-mentioned exception and also because authors had occasionally checked their funding eligibility before the no-hybrid policy had been introduced and had received confirmations upon manuscript submission. The list below includes the fully OA titles we have funded in the past few months since the policy was introduced.

ACS Omega (American Chemical Society)

Aerosol and Air Quality Research (AAQR)

APL Photonics (AIP)

Applied Network Science (Springer)

Applied Sciences (MDPI)

Biology Open (Company of Biologists)

Biomedical Optics Express (OSA)

Biosensors (MDPI)

BMJ Open (BMJ)

Bone and Joint Research (British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Surgery)

Bone Reports (Elsevier)

Cell Death Disease (NPG)

Communication Physics (NPG)

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine (Hindawi)

Design Science (Cambridge)

Energies (MDPI)

Entropy (MDPI)

F1000Research

Fibers (MDPI)

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience (Frontiers)

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology (Frontiers)

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology (Frontiers)

Frontiers in Immunology (Frontiers)

Frontiers in Neural Circuits (Frontiers)

Frontiers in Neuroscience (Frontiers)

Geofluids (Hindawi)

High Power Laser Science and Engineering (Cambridge)

IEEE Access (IEEE)

International Journal of Molecular Sciences (MDPI)

International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance (Elsevier)

International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering (Elsevier)

Journal of Biological Chemistry (American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology)

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (MDPI)

Letters in Biomathematics (Taylor & Francis)

Machines (MDPI)

Marine Drugs (MDPI)

Materials (MDPI)

Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering (AIMS Press)

mBio (American Society for Microbiology)

Micromachines (MDPI)

Molecules (MDPI)

Nature Communications (Springer Nature)

New Journal of Physics (IOP/DPG)

Nucleic Acids Research (Oxford)

Ocean Science (Copernicus)

Oncotarget (Oncotarget)

Optica (OSA)

Optics Express (OSA)

Optics Materials Express (OSA)

Pharmaceutics (MDPI)

Photonics Research (OSA)

PLoS One (PLoS)

Royal Society Open Science (The Royal Society)

Science Advances (AAAS)

Scientific Data (NPG)

Scientific Reports (Springer Nature)

Sensors (MDPI)

Solid Earth (Copernicus)

Systems Science & Control Engineering (Taylor & Francis)

Wind Energy Science (Copernicus)

[evoldir]

Postdoc: GeorgiaTech.RegulatoryEvolution

A postdoctoral position is available immediately in Dr. Soojin Yi's lab at the School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Tech. The Yi lab has diverse research interests and the postdoctoral candidate will have an opportunity to pursue her/his specific research interests. The initial focus of the postdoctoral researcher will be an exciting ongoing project on regulatory evolution. Specifically, we are performing a large-scale comparative epigenomic analysis of human brains. The postdoctoral researcher will also have an opportunity to investigate the epigenomics of neuropsychiatric diseases. She/he will analyze new epigenomics data from the Yi laboratory and integrate them with the available data in public databases. Examples of relevant publications include: Lee, K. S., Chatterjee, P., Choi, E. -Y., Sung, M. K., Oh, J. Won, H. Park, S.-M., Kim, Y.-J., Yi, S. V., Choi, J. K. 2018. Selection on the regulation of sympathetic nervous activity in humans and chimpanzees. PLoS Genetics, 14: e1007311. Mendizabal, I., Shi, L., Keller, T. E, Konopka, G., Preuss, T. M., Hsieh, T.-F., Hu, E., Zhang, Z., Su, B., and Yi, S. V. 2016. Comparative Methylome Analyses Identify Epigenetic Regulatory Loci of Human Brain Evolution. MBE, 33: 2947-2959. Keller, T. E., and Yi, S. V. 2014. DNA Methylation and Evolution of Duplicate Genes. PNAS, 111: 5932-5937. Zeng, J., Konopka, G., Hunt, B. G., Preuss, T. M., Geschwind, D., and Yi, S. V., 2012. Divergent whole-genome methylation maps of human and chimpanzee brains reveal epigenetic basis of human regulatory evolution. American Journal of Human Genetics, 91: 455-465. We are looking for a highly motivated individual with a research interest/focus on genomics and regulatory evolution. Qualifications include 1) a Ph.D. in evolution, genetics, computer science, or statistics; 2) experience/ability in genomic data analyses (Python/R programming, proficiency with public databases); 3) ability to write/present scientific manuscripts. In addition to the comparative brain epigenomics project mentioned above, there are many opportunities to participate in other projects in the lab studying diverse systems. The Yi lab is a member of the Bioinformatics, Quantitative Biosciences, and Bio-E graduate programs and the postdoctoral researcher will have ample opportunity to interact with diverse faculties with expertise in computational/experimental genomics and bioengineering. Georgia Tech is located in midtown Atlanta, a vibrant area with tremendous cultural diversity. Atlanta is in close proximity to the Smoky Mountains/Appalachian Trail, and also the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf Coasts. The Yi lab has several collaborative projects with faculties at nearby Emory University as well. Interested and qualified individuals should send a CV with names of three references and a cover letter to Soojin Yi (soojinyi@gatech.edu). I will be at the SMBE next week in Yokohama and will be happy to arrange a personal meeting. Soojin Yi via Gmail

[crimsonpublishersminingscience]

A Review on Biomedical Waste and its Management - Crimson Publishers

A Review on Biomedical Waste and its Management by Preeti Sharma in Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences: Crimson Publishers-American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering

Biomedical waste is highly hazardous which can give rise to serious diseases that may be fatal; therefore it is a matter of global concern. Biomedical waste management is of great importance to reduce the serious health implications. This article deals with the basic issues of biomedical waste disposal and management of biomedical waste. Its purpose is to spread knowledge among the personnel involved in health care services to prevent transmission of the diseases in the society and to protect public health and environment.

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[kathleenseiber]

Swapping 1 atom lets visible light trigger fluorescent dyes

Replacing just one atom gives new powers to biocompatible fluorescent molecules, say researchers.

The Rice University lab of chemist Han Xiao reports in the Journal of the American Chemical Society that it has developed a single-atom switch to turn fluorescent dyes used in biological imaging on and off at will. The technique will enable high-resolution imaging and dynamic tracking of biological processes in living cells, tissues, and animals.

The team developed a minimally modified probe that a broad range of visible light can trigger. The patented process could replace existing photoactivatable fluorophores that may only be activated with ultraviolet light or require toxic chemicals to turn on the fluorescence, characteristics that limit their usefulness.

The researchers took advantage of a phenomenon known as photo-induced electron transfer (PET), which was already known to quench fluorescent signals.

They put fluorophores in cages of thiocarbonyl, the moeity responsible for quenching. With one-step organic synthesis, they replaced an oxygen atom in the cage with one of sulfur. That enabled them to induce the PET effect to quench fluorescence.

Triggering the complex again with visible light near the fluorescent molecule’s preferred absorbance oxidized the cage in turn. That knocked out the sulfur and replaced it with an oxygen atom, restoring fluorescence.

“All it takes to make these is a little chemistry and one step,” says Xiao, assistant professor of chemistry, biosciences, and bioengineering. “We demonstrated in the paper that it works the same for a range of fluorescent dyes. Basically, one reaction solves a lot of problems.”

Researchers worldwide use fluorescent molecules to tag and track cells or elements within cells. Activating the tags with low-powered visible light rather than ultraviolet is much less damaging to the cells being studied, Xiao says, and makes the long exposures of living cells required by super-resolution imaging possible. Super-resolution experiments by Theodore Wensel, chair in chemistry at Baylor College of Medicine, and his team confirmed their abilities, he says.

“We feel this will be a really good probe for living-cell imaging,” Xiao says. “People also use photoactivatable dye to track the dynamics of proteins, to see where and how far and how fast they travel. Our work was to provide a simple, general way to generate this dye.”

The researchers found their technique worked on a wide range of common fluorescent tags and could even be mixed for multicolor imaging of targeted molecules in a single cell.

Additional collaborators are from Rice, Baylor, and the Center for Translational Cancer Research at Texas A&M University. CPRIT, the Robert A. Welch Foundation, a Hamill Innovation Award, a John S. Dunn Foundation Collaborative Research Award, and the National Institutes of Health supported the research.

Source: Rice University

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[crimsonpublishersbiosciences]

Synthesis and Characterization of the New Fac-and Mer-[M (Caf)3(SCN)3],OH2_Crimson Publishers

Synthesis and Characterization of the New Fac-and Mer-[M (Caf)3(SCN)3],OH2 by El Amane M in Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences-Crimson Publishers: American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering

New fac-and mer-[M(caf)3(SCN)3]OH2 caffeine complexes where caf = caffeine, SCN= thiocyanato and M= Cr(III), Fe(III) and Ru(III) were synthesized in simple reactions of chloride MCl3, H2O ; M= Cr(III), Fe(III) and Ru(III) with potassium thiocyanate in ethanol solution. The infrared and electronic spectral data of the complexes [M(caf)3(SCN)3]OH2 suggest that the caffeine is coordinate through the nitrogen N9 and the thiocyanato behave a monodentate legend with sulphur atom donor towards metal ions. On the basis of the spectral data, the FT-IR, UV-Visible and EPR suggested the mer- and fac-octahedral complexes.

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Chemical Composition of Tamarix and Almond Fibers-Crimson Publishers

Chemical Composition of Tamarix and Almond Fibers by Mohamed Ammar Elimame Elaloui in Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences-Crimson Publishers: American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering

In this work, we investigated the chemical composition of two lignocellulosic materials, largely available in Tunisia, as a source of two cellulosic fibres, namely: tamarix and almond. Table 1 presents the chemical composition of several cellulosic materials such as wood, non-wood plants; these data have been obtained from the literature. When compared with data for grapevine stalks or vine shoots, cellulose and holocellulose contents are relatively close [1]. The comparison with other wood and non-wood species confirms that the amounts of extractives in the vine stems are high. According to structural components, this tow plants are characterized by relatively low cellulose content and high amounts of lignin, whereas the content in holocellulose is quite comparable. Finally, the ash content was found to be around 4%, which is much higher than that of wood and in the same range than that of non-wood plants. Tamarix is characterized by a higher amount of asch than almond, which is due to his botanical original [2].

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A Secreted Protein in the Wnt Signaling Pathway-R-Spondin3: A Mini-Review_Crimson Publishers

A Secreted Protein in the Wnt Signaling Pathway-R-Spondin3: A Mini-Review by Qing Yang in Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences: Crimson Publishers- American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering

R-spondins (Roof plate-specific Spondins, RSPOs) are secreted proteins, which act as activators of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and play roles in cell proliferation and differentiation, embryonic development, vasculogenesis as well as many human diseases. R-spondin3 (RSPO3) is a member of RSPOs family, containing two adjacent cysteine-rich furin-like domains, which act as an agonist in Wnt signaling. In this mini-review, we discuss and classify recent progress in understanding the protein functions of RSPO3 in embryonic development, vasculogenesis, and its role in cancers.

For more Open access journals in Crimson Publishers please click on below link https://crimsonpublishers.com

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