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Vatsal Isc Handbook Of Physics Pdf

Vatsal Isc Handbook Of Physics Pdf Class

Vatsal Isc Handbook Of Physics Pdf Download

Vatsal Isc Handbook Of Physics Pdf Online

Every year CISCE (Council for Indian School Certificate Examination) conducts three types of examinations under its supervision, Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) for Class X, Indian School Certificate (ISC) for Class XII, and Certificate in Vocational Education (CVE – YEAR 12). These exams are generally held in the month of February or March only in CISCE affiliated schools. The ISC class 12th is a board equivalent exam which is also the gateway to enter for higher studies.

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The exam plays a major role to get shortlisted for your desired colleges also ISC students are considered as well-skilled, communicative and participating as compared to CBSE or other state board which give them an advantage of preference in admission by universities and colleges, that’s why it becomes an important exam from both qualifying and for higher studies also.

So, if you are an ISC class 12th student who is preparing for this exam, then you should have a proper idea of the subjects, syllabus, and exam pattern of the exam. Therefore, in order to fulfill the requirement of students we have prepared a complete set of information which will show you an exact road map of preparation for facing the exam. So you are requested to read the article carefully.

ISC Syllabus For Class 12th 2021 PDF Download

Handbook (PDF) HANDBOOK FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY. UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY. ‹ Graduate Student Directory up Prospective Students ›.

Buy Vatsal ISC Handbook Of Physics Class 12 BookFlow A.N. Singh is the author of Vatsal ISC Handbook of Chemistry Class 12 Nageen Prakashan (3.77 avg rating, 31 ratings, 1.

CISCE had declared the syllabus for ISC 2019, consisting of a broad and variety of subjects. ISC offers three streams of learning i.e. Science, Commerce, and Art. Further, each stream comes with different choices of subjects including compulsory and elective subjects. Compulsory subjects are common to all stream, on the other hand, a candidate can choose the subject of their interest from the group of elective subjects.

ISC class 11th and ISC class 12th consist of the same subjects. You have to enter class 12th with the same subjects that you have already studied in the previous class. This means you cannot change or choose any new subject after you have done registration in class11th. So, here in class 11th, you are required to be careful in selecting the subjects, therefore, you are suggested to go with the subjects of your reach. Opting right subjects will benefit you to score good marks in the exam too.

It should be noted that all the candidates are required to enroll for the ISC class 12th exam with not more than six subjects including compulsory subject English. There are certain subjects which include practical paper, any candidate applying for such subject will have to go through practical examination also otherwise the paper will be considered as incomplete.

Download ISC Class 12th Syllabus PDF 2021 Subject Wise

According to the latest information about the council, ISC includes a total of 31 subjects which are divided into the category of compulsory and elective subjects. There is only one subject in the list of compulsory subjects that is English.

The CISCE board adopts the English pattern of learning that’s why English subject remains compulsory and common to all ISC students. Whereas, the list of Elective subjects contains a total of 30 subjects, out of which you have to hold with three, four, or five subjects. Now, the complete list of ISC subjects and syllabus in PDF format file is given below:

Mathematics Physics Chemistry Biology Computer Science

History Political Science Geography Sociology Psychology Home Science

English An Indian Language A Modern Foreign Language A Classical Language Elective English

Arts Fashion Designing Electricity & Electronics Engineering Science Geometrical & Mechanical Drawing Geometrical & Building Drawing Music (Indian or Western) Physical Education Environmental Science Biotechnology Mass Media & Communication Hospitality Management

ISC Class 12th Subjects Stream Wise

As discussed above ISC includes Science, Commerce, and Arts stream and each stream consist of different subjects. Now let’s discuss all streams and their subjects in detail.

ISC Science Stream:

ISC Science stream includes all those important subjects which are important to build a strong base for making a career in the field of Science and technology like Engineering, Medical, Technical services of defense, etc.

PHYSICS

CHEMISTRY

BIOLOGY

MATHEMATICS

ISC Commerce Stream:

Commerce stream opens a lot of Interesting careers after class 12th which includes important fields like Chartered Accountant, Corporate, Banking, Insurance, Finance sectors and many more. That’s why ISC commerce stream provides those subjects which will help candidates to make a career in the above-mentioned fields. ISC commerce stream consists of the following important subjects:

ACCOUNTS

COMMERCE

BUSINESS

MATHEMATICS

ECONOMICS

ISC Humanities or Arts Stream:

Art stream includes of a wide range of learning and information which deals with the study of historical facts and incidences, cultural and traditional values, matter of political and social interest, topics of national and international geographical condition, etc. Candidates Interested in any of such matters can also avail for various career options after class 12th. The Important subjects under ISC art stream are mention below:

HISTORY

POLITICAL SCIENCE

GEOGRAPHY

SOCIOLOGY

ECONOMICS

ISC Class 12th Syllabus and Exam Pattern

Vatsal Isc Handbook Of Physics Pdf Class

Science Stream

Physics & Chemistry

There will be the same exam pattern for both Physics and Chemistry. Each subject includes of two papers, paper I and paper II.

Paper I: It is a theory based paper consist of 70 marks for the 3-hour duration. There is given no overall choice of questions so you have to attempt all the questions, however, there will be provided an internal choice of 2 questions of 2 marks each, 2 questions of 3 marks each and all the 3 questions of 5 marks each.

Paper I: It is Practical based paper consist of 15 marks out of which there is a project work of 10 marks and a practical file of 5 marks.

Mathematics Paper

Mathematics paper includes 100 marks for a duration of three hours. The paper is classified into three sections of A, B, and C. Section A consists of compulsory questions however there will be the option of attempting questions from either Section B or Section C.

Section A: Will consist of 80 marks with including compulsory questions however there will be an internal choice in three questions of four marks each and also two questions of six marks each.

Section B/Section C: There is a choice for attempting either section B or Section C. There will be provided an internal choice in two questions of four marks each.

Commerce Stream

Commerce and Business Studies

The exam pattern for Commerce and Business Studies subject will be similar. Each subject will include two papers, Paper I (Theory-based) and paper II (Practical-based).

Paper I: Will include 80 marks for the duration of 3 hours and is further divided into two parts, part I and part II. Part I will cover 20 marks including compulsory short answer type questions designed to test the knowledge, application, and skill of elementary concept of the whole syllabus. Whereas Part II includes eight questions each carrying 12 marks and out of these you have to answer any five questions.

Vatsal Isc Handbook Of Physics Pdf Download

Paper-II: It is based on project work candidates have to submit two projects each carrying 10 marks and the topic will be from the theory syllabus. The project work will be held under the supervision of the subject teacher and a visiting Examiner appointed by the council.

Accounts

Account paper includes two papers, Paper 1 is a theory-based paper & Paper 2 is a practical based paper.

Paper I: Will consist of 80 marks for the duration of 3 hours. Paper 1 is further divided into three sections, A, B, and C.

Section A: Will cover 60 marks comprised of two parts, Part I and Part II. Both parts contain eight questions.

Part I: Includes 12 marks of section A including one compulsory short answer type question designed to examine the knowledge, application, and skills of fundamental characteristics of the whole syllabus. The question belongs to section A.

Part II:This part will cover 48 marks of section A including seven questions of 12 marks each out of which you have to attempt any four questions.

Section B/ Section C:

These are optional Sections which means you must have to attempt any one section from both the section. You have to answer any two questions out of three questions each of 10 marks from the section of your choice.

Humanities or Arts

History Paper

History paper consists of two papers, Paper I (Theory-based) & Paper-II (Practical based)

Paper I: The paper carries 80 marks for the duration of 3 hours and is further divided into two parts.

Part I: Will consist of 20 marks including compulsory short answer type questions designed to test fundamental factual learning and understanding of the whole syllabus.

Part II: The paper will be distributed into two sections, A and B and each section includes five questions of 12 marks each. You have to answer any two questions from each section and there is a choice of attempting one question from either section A or section B. Overall a total of five questions must be attempted from Part II.

Paper-II: The Paper consists of 20 marks and Includes submission of on project that may be based on the following topics:

A case study

A Field visit/investigation

A local history

Interview/oral evidence

Book review/ film review/ poster/ newspapers/ advertisements/ cartoon and arts.

Political Science Paper

The paper for political science will be classified into two papers, Paper I (Theory-based) and Paper-II (Project Work).

Paper I: It holds 80 marks with a maximum time period of three hours. The paper will be divided into two parts, Part I and Part II.

Part I: The part will cover 20 marks of paper I, comprising of compulsory short answer type questions to analyze the knowledge, application, and skills regarding the basic concepts of the whole syllabus.

Part II: The Part will cover 60 marks of paper I and is divided into two sections, A and B. You are needed to attempt any three questions out of a total of five questions from section A and two questions out of three questions from section B. Each question of part II will consist of 12 marks.

Paper-II: It is a project-based paper consisting of 20 marks. A candidate has to perform one project which will be based on the following topics.

A case study

Survey study with a questionnaire

Research-based on in-depth analysis.

Local/national/global political issue

Book review/ film review/ documentaries/poster/newspaper/ advertisements/ cartoons and art.

Economics paper

Economics paper will comprise of two papers, Paper I (Theory-based) and Paper-II (Project work).

Paper I: It will hold 80 marks with a maximum time limit of three hours. The paper is further divided into two parts, part I and Part II.

Part I: The part will cover 20 marks of paper I, including compulsory short answer type questions testing the knowledge, application, and skills regarding the basic concepts of the whole syllabus.

Part II: It will be 60 marks paper comprising of eight questions each of 12 marks and only five questions is needed to attempt.

ISC Important Rules & Regulations 2021.

The passing Marks for each subject is 40%.

Candidates are required to score a minimum of 40% marks in at least four subjects including English as a compulsory subject in class 11th for promotion to class 12th.

The attendance should not be less than 75% throughout the whole academic year.

Candidates are not allowed to enter with more than six subjects including English subject.

The council holds the power to alter, cancel results or certificates, etc. on being a candidate’s violating rules and regulation and holds the right to take strict action against him/her.

ISC Syllabus For Class 12th 2021 PDF Download

Download ISC Class 12th Syllabus PDF 2021 Subject Wise

Mathematics Physics Chemistry Biology Computer Science

History Political Science Geography Sociology Psychology Home Science

English An Indian Language A Modern Foreign Language A Classical Language Elective English

ISC Class 12th Subjects Stream Wise

As discussed above ISC includes Science, Commerce, and Arts stream and each stream consist of different subjects. Now let’s discuss all streams and their subjects in detail.

ISC Science Stream:

Vatsal Isc Handbook Of Physics Pdf Online

PHYSICS

CHEMISTRY

BIOLOGY

MATHEMATICS

ISC Commerce Stream:

ACCOUNTS

COMMERCE

BUSINESS

MATHEMATICS

ECONOMICS

ISC Humanities or Arts Stream:

HISTORY

POLITICAL SCIENCE

GEOGRAPHY

SOCIOLOGY

ECONOMICS

ISC Class 12th Syllabus and Exam Pattern

Science Stream

Physics & Chemistry

There will be the same exam pattern for both Physics and Chemistry. Each subject includes of two papers, paper I and paper II.

Paper I: It is Practical based paper consist of 15 marks out of which there is a project work of 10 marks and a practical file of 5 marks.

Mathematics Paper

Section A: Will consist of 80 marks with including compulsory questions however there will be an internal choice in three questions of four marks each and also two questions of six marks each.

Section B/Section C: There is a choice for attempting either section B or Section C. There will be provided an internal choice in two questions of four marks each.

Commerce Stream

Commerce and Business Studies

The exam pattern for Commerce and Business Studies subject will be similar. Each subject will include two papers, Paper I (Theory-based) and paper II (Practical-based).

Accounts

Account paper includes two papers, Paper 1 is a theory-based paper & Paper 2 is a practical based paper.

Paper I: Will consist of 80 marks for the duration of 3 hours. Paper 1 is further divided into three sections, A, B, and C.

Section A: Will cover 60 marks comprised of two parts, Part I and Part II. Both parts contain eight questions.

Part II:This part will cover 48 marks of section A including seven questions of 12 marks each out of which you have to attempt any four questions.

Section B/ Section C:

Humanities or Arts

History Paper

History paper consists of two papers, Paper I (Theory-based) & Paper-II (Practical based)

Paper I: The paper carries 80 marks for the duration of 3 hours and is further divided into two parts.

Part I: Will consist of 20 marks including compulsory short answer type questions designed to test fundamental factual learning and understanding of the whole syllabus.

Paper-II: The Paper consists of 20 marks and Includes submission of on project that may be based on the following topics:

A case study

A Field visit/investigation

A local history

Interview/oral evidence

Book review/ film review/ poster/ newspapers/ advertisements/ cartoon and arts.

Political Science Paper

The paper for political science will be classified into two papers, Paper I (Theory-based) and Paper-II (Project Work).

Paper I: It holds 80 marks with a maximum time period of three hours. The paper will be divided into two parts, Part I and Part II.

Paper-II: It is a project-based paper consisting of 20 marks. A candidate has to perform one project which will be based on the following topics.

A case study

Survey study with a questionnaire

Research-based on in-depth analysis.

Local/national/global political issue

Book review/ film review/ documentaries/poster/newspaper/ advertisements/ cartoons and art.

Economics paper

Economics paper will comprise of two papers, Paper I (Theory-based) and Paper-II (Project work).

Paper I: It will hold 80 marks with a maximum time limit of three hours. The paper is further divided into two parts, part I and Part II.

Part I: The part will cover 20 marks of paper I, including compulsory short answer type questions testing the knowledge, application, and skills regarding the basic concepts of the whole syllabus.

Part II: It will be 60 marks paper comprising of eight questions each of 12 marks and only five questions is needed to attempt.

ISC Important Rules & Regulations 2021.

The passing Marks for each subject is 40%.

Candidates are required to score a minimum of 40% marks in at least four subjects including English as a compulsory subject in class 11th for promotion to class 12th.

The attendance should not be less than 75% throughout the whole academic year.

Candidates are not allowed to enter with more than six subjects including English subject.

The council holds the power to alter, cancel results or certificates, etc. on being a candidate’s violating rules and regulation and holds the right to take strict action against him/her.

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extramarksonlinestudymaterial · 5 years ago

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ICSE Class 11 Physics Notes and Syllabus Available on Extramarks

ICSE Syllabus for Class 11 Physics is more important for the students as the need to understand the relevance of course as well as the topics provided for it. CISCE short for Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations is a private instructive board in India. The board leads the ISC (Indian School Certificate) assessment for twelfth standard understudies each year. ISC test is known for its exhaustive prospectus and well-organized inquiry papers. Understudies who will show up in the ISC assessment must know the test schedule altogether to score well in the test. The ISC Class 12 Physics test is considered as one of the crucial papers in the test. Understudies who need to make split focused tests like JEE and NEET and make a vocation in the designing or restorative field must investigation this subject hard to exceed expectations in the assessment. The ISC Class 12 Physics Syllabus is given here in a point by point way to assist understudies with planning for the test in a superior and increasingly compelling manner. CISCE is answerable for the state of the Indian School Certificate (ISC) assessment. In this class, understudies are acquainted with numerous new ideas alongside their application that is significant from the test purpose of point of view. Question from Syllabus of Class 11 Physics ICSE is solicited in most from the national level focused assessments So it is significant for an understudy that the person in question ought to see every single theme of material science to score great checks in Class 11 ICSE Physics Examinations just as in aggressive assessments.

#syllabus of class 11 physics icse

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amplewebsol · 5 years ago

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Medical Education in Ukraine (MBBS in Ukraine)

Medical Education in Ukraine is a hot favorite and popular among the medical aspirant’s community due to its systematic and disciplined pedagogy since 2005. For Indian students, MBBS in UKRAINE is prevalent for 3 major reasons:

Global recognition,

Accreditation and affiliation from world-renown organizations,

Quality education system.

Ukraine is a country that comprises a variety of world-class government medical universities that offer MBBS, MD and other courses in medicine and that too at an affordable price. Also, as these universities are completely owned by the government, loan facilities are also available to students via education loans.

Each Medical University in Ukraine welcomes a minimum of 120 to 150 Indian students every year for MBBS programs with a minimum of 50% in PCM in CBSE/ISCE/State Board. Also, 40% -45% criteria for Category students (OBC/SC/ST/PH)

Students completing their MBBS course from UKRAINE are eligible to apply for the job in any part of the world (As per those country eligibility guidelines). The duration of MBBS in Ukraine is for about 6 years comprising of :

Pre-clinical (3 years), and

Clinical (3 years).

Note: Ukraine doesn’t offer an internship to Medical students. But it is mandatory for Indian Students and after cracking MCI/FMGE/NEXT, students will have to complete a 1-year compulsory rotatory internship in the Indian government or private hospital (MCI recognized).

Medical education in UKRAINE enhances the student’s interpersonal skills and overall personality development. MBBS in Ukraine is worth studying as the medical universities offer world-class amenities ranging from great infra-to-awesome medical faculties-to-mixed community students-to-study pressure-to-research labs and that too at economical prices. The clinical rotations begin from the mid 3rd year till the 6th year during MBBS in UKRAINE is an outstanding aspect incorporated in the MBBS curriculum.

Advantages in a nutshell:

They deliver high-class medical education.

The literacy rate is 100%.

The universities have superior quality infrastructure.

The educational expenses of MBBS in Ukraine are lower.

Students get excellent accommodation facilities at more economical rates while studying MBBS in Ukraine.

Student security is taken care of by both the government and the universities.

Students get exposure to international seminars and conferences.

WHO and MCI recognize the universities.

No English test is required for MBBS admission in Ukraine.

The degree is valid in India and worldwide.

MBBS admission in Ukraine is easy and hassle-free.

Practical exposure is ensured.

The mode of teaching is English for MBBS in Ukraine.

Indian students will find their fellow peers there.

Safe for the girl students (Ukraine’s major population (70%) consist of females).

MCI Eligibility Criteria for MBBS in Ukraine:

They must be of 17 years of age minimum.

Indian students’ age must correspond with the NEET eligibility age.

They must have 50% in their class 12 board exams, including science subjects and English.OBC/SC/ST students must have 40%, including Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and English.

International students must have valid visas and passports.

Indian students must have valid MCI certificate i.e. NEET-UG qualified are eligible only.

Admission Procedure:

The students first have to fill the admission forms of their chosen Ukrainian medical university.

Submission of the filled-up forms along with required documents

Students will then receive their admission letter as well as the invitation letter.

After receiving the admission letter, visa work must be started

Get hold of your valid visa and passport

Fly to Ukraine to make your dream of becoming a doctor come true.

Documents required:

Mark sheets of the board exams.

NEET mark sheet.

Valid passport.

Passport size photos.

Migration certificate.

Bank statement.

Offer letter from the university.

Student Visa.

Medical reports (In extreme cases).

Universities you can trust:

Ivano Frankivsk National Medical University

Danylo Halitsky Lviv National Medical University

Bogomolets National Medical University (Kiev)

Sumy State University

Bukovinian State Medical University

Ternopil State Medical University

Last, but not least in a nutshell kindly make thorough research on every aspect before enrolling yourself in MBBS in Ukraine.

To Parents/Guardian, please consider the following things:

Ask about University/medical faculties/teaching/alumni.

Don’t ask silly questions like flooding/mess facilities. Every standard University has its own setup and acts in the best professional way. Also, international universities are well equipped with basic necessities. Let your son/daughter learn to do basic things in life i.e. cooking, cleaning, washing. After all, it will help in the overall development of your child.

#mbbs in ukraine #medical education in ukraine

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rickhorrow · 6 years ago

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15+5+5 To Watch

15 TO WATCH/5 SPORTS TECH/POWER OF SPORTS 5: RICK HORROW’S TOP SPORTS/BIZ/TECH/PHILANTHROPY ISSUES FOR THE WEEK OF OCTOBER 14

with Jacob Aere

A single tweet from Houston Rockets GM Daryl Morey escalated into a geopolitical crisis, pitting the NBA's progressive brand against the influence of Chinese money. According to CNN Business, all of the NBA's official Chinese partners have now suspended ties with the league in the wake of Morey’s provocative (and soon deleted) tweet about Hong Kong freedom last week. And months after paying billions of dollars to extend its streaming deal with the NBA, Tencent Holdings has "suspended all reports/streaming of Houston Rockets." Notably, nearly 500 million people in China watched the NBA on Tencent last season. The New York Times further quoted a source who stated that “China’s punitive response could cost the Rockets around $25 million this season,” and Yahoo Sports last Wednesday reported that “at least five unnamed teams fear that the $116 million salary cap projected for the 2020-2021 season could drop by as much as 10-15%.” Obviously, the NBA has significant business interests in China. At the same time, it has positioned itself as the most progressive of mega American sports leagues by supporting social activism. Will those values be upheld now that the league's bottom line is at risk?

Last Sunday was the final day of the MLS regular season, which means the Audi MLS Cup Playoffs bracket is officially set. After an almost two-week break (which many claim is way too long), the 14 MLS teams advancing to the playoffs return to the pitch coast to coast on October 19-20, covered by MLS’ national broadcast partners ESPN, FOX Sports, and Univision. In other top MLS end of season news, LAFC Captain Carlos Vela set the new single-season MLS scoring record with 34 goals, breaking Atlanta United Josef Martinez's record of 31, which he set last year. (Vela and his LAFC squad have a first round bye and then face the winner of Minnesota-LA Galaxy match on October 24.) And Inter Miami has the No. 1 pick in the MLS Expansion Draft on November 19 after winning the "Expansion Draft coin flip” in New York. The team has "first dibs" over fellow 2020 expansion team Nashville SC and also has the No. 1 pick in the college Superdraft in January, according to the Miami Herald.

Elsewhere in MLS, DC United has ended their broadcast deal with subscription-based streaming service FloSports after less than a year. The four-year local media rights deal, which was only signed in January, was worth a reported $12 million, according to the Washington Post. The team’s final regular-season home game of the year, against FC Cincinnati on October 6, was made available to all fans for free through a live stream on DC United’s official website. The move brings to an end what proved to be a problematic deal for DC United. Fans of the franchise were initially unhappy at having to pay between $5.99 and $8.99 per month for FloSports, which was compounded when the streaming service suffered technical difficulties. DC United’s draw against New York City FC in March, for example, was marred by interruptions. The partnership never fully recovered and now the club is on the hunt for a new local media rights partner in time for next year.

The Washington Mystics overcame the Connecticut Sun to win Game 5 of the WNBA Finals and claim the franchise's first championship. The win delivered long-awaited titles to the WNBA's best player, Elena Delle Donne, as well as its all-time winningest coach, Mike Thibault. League MVP Delle Donne, whose sponsors include Nike, Gatorade, and Christiana Care Health System, put up 21 points and 9 rebounds in 37 minutes, while Belgian sensation Emma Meesseman finished with a team-high 22 points and became the first bench player to ever win WNBA Finals MVP. The victory also marked the second time in 16 months that a D.C. sports team had won its first title (after the Capitals won the Stanley Cup in June, 2018), and the second time in two days that a D.C. sports team played arguably its most memorable game, after the Nationals beat the Dodgers to advance to the NLCS last Wednesday. The Nationals hold a 2-0 advantage over the St. Louis Cardinals in the league championship series, and have to win at least 6 more games, including the World Series, to reach the Mystics’ lofty heights.

The XFL locked in its player draft to take place on October 15-16. According to Cynopsis Sports, player selections will be announced on XFL.com, @xfl2020 on Twitter, @xfl on Instagram, and through the social media channels of the eight XFL teams. Over the two-day draft, each XFL team will populate a 71-man roster by selecting players from a set of positional groupings. One quarterback will be assigned to each team prior to a five-phased draft, phased with 1) Skill players 2) offensive line 3) defensive front seven 4) defensive backfield, and 5) an open draft of all positions. The draft pool will include approximately 1,000 professional football players, all of whom accepted a Commissioner’s Invitation and passed a standard background check.

ISC exec Grant Lynch drives into sunset. Sunday's Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series 1000 Bulbs 500 at Talladega Superspeedway marked the final race of Rick’s friend longtime track Chairman Grant Lynch’s tenure, and ISC put out a video thanking him for the 26-year run. Lynch joined the track in January 1993, and over the years he has become one of NASCAR's most well-known and respected track executives, influential behind the scenes and constantly doing media appearances. Lynch is retiring after this year and is set to be replaced by Talladega's vice president of marketing and sales Brian Crichton. Daytona International Speedway, the flagship track of Talladega’s parent company, ISC, released a montage Sunday morning with several senior executives sharing their memories and thanking Lynch, including NASCAR Vice Chairman Mike Helton, ISC President John Saunders, and Chief Innovation and Development Office Craig Neeb. Alas, we won't know the outcome of Sunday's playoff race until Monday, as rain delayed the race's conclusion. Talladega also unveiled their new $50 million infield renovation this past weekend – which will serve as a lasting legacy to Lynch.

SoFi sees new Rams and Chargers home as an efficient way to market. For a reported $400 million over 20 years, SoFi, a financial startup that provides student and personal loans, was awarded the naming rights to the Los Angeles stadium that will soon be home to the Rams and Chargers, two teams that relocated to Los Angeles within the past three years. The stadium is set to open in 2020, and AdWeek went behind the scenes to investigate why the young tech company made such a significant investment there. As AdWeek noted, the partnership guarantees that SoFi will be associated with the 2022 Super Bowl, the 2023 College Football Playoff, and the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2028 Olympics, all of which will take place at SoFi Stadium. It also doesn’t hurt that the stadium is only three and a half miles from LAX, guaranteeing SoFi free additional advertising from every flight in and out of the city.

The Los Angeles Chargers are struggling to sell personal seat licenses at SoFi Stadium. One high ranking team executive told JohnWallStreet that Dean Spanos’ organization is roughly $350 million short of their initial $400 million target. While it’s not uncommon for large scale construction projections to be slightly off, off by nearly 87.5% is an abnormally wide miss. An initial study conducted by Legends subsidiary CSL suggested that the market could support $1 billion worth of PSL sales (Rams: $600 million, Chargers: $400 million). When the Chargers stumbled with CSL’s suggested pricing, a second study was done and the team’s sales target was lowered to $150 million. But Spanos’ club isn’t even close to reaching that number. A source said that while the Rams are nearing $500 million in PSL sales, the Chargers have sold only $50 million worth. Rams owner Stan Kroenke is understandably upset about his tenant’s inability to move PSLs. Those revenues are supposed to go towards the new venues’ constructions costs (about $5 billion) and Kroenke is responsible for the difference. The Chargers’ second class citizen status in L.A. has also made it difficult for them to sell high-priced products.

The World Health Organization (WHO) announced a four-year deal with FIFA to promote healthy lifestyles through football globally. According to SportsPro, the agreement includes multiple areas of collaboration, including: Advocacy to promote a healthy lifestyle through football; Policy alignment to ensure tobacco-free environments at FIFA events; encouraging national football federations to adopt tobacco-free policies, including at stadiums; and enabling WHO to provide technical advice to FIFA on health matters; Building on FIFA events to institute lasting improvements in health and safety; Joint programs and initiatives to increase participation in physical activity through football, in line with WHO guidance, as well as working with national associations and networks of WHO goodwill ambassadors, football players, coaches, and volunteers to increase physical activity through football. While we continue to take smoke-free sporting environments and related health initiatives for granted in the U.S., that’s not the case in much of the rest of the world. The new WHO-FIFA tie up can make inroads in these policies that benefit all sports fans.

A lawsuit is holding up redevelopment of the Oakland Coliseum site, and MLB Commissioner Rob Manfred threatens relocation. According to JohnWallStreet, Oakland Mayor Libby Schaaf confirmed last Tuesday that MLB Commissioner Rob Manfred has threatened relocation of the Oakland Athletics if the city fails to drop a lawsuit filed to prevent Alameda County from selling its stake in the land on which the Oakland Coliseum sits to the team; the city wants the county’s 50% share, but lacks the funding necessary to make the purchase. A’s owner John Fisher intends on redeveloping the 155-acre site to help pay for a new $850 million “privately financed” waterfront ballpark and mixed use space. It should be noted that “many people believe the most logical solution is to build a new ballpark - much less expensively - on the Coliseum site.” Manfred has made it clear, however, that construction of the Howard Terminal ballpark and the Coliseum redevelopment project (which does not include construction of a new sports venue) are a package deal. Unless the lawsuit goes away, the city risks losing the A’s to Las Vegas, just as it lost the Raiders.

What’s the hottest New York City Marathon training meal? Pizza! Last week, TCS New York City Marathon footwear and apparel sponsor New Balance mapped out plans for its 2019 marketing campaign, unveiling an integrated campaign that not only includes runners, official footwear, apparel and accessories, out-of-home advertising, and digital/social engagements, but also a pop-up activation in the NB Pizza Co. The initiative was opened to the public on October 11 and will be open through marathon weekend, November 2-3. Runners from around the world can join the “Miles for Pizza” Challenge,” log miles and cash those in when they arrive in New York. Andy Downin, New Balance Head of Global Running Marketing, briefed Cynopsis Sports about the concept. “Our goal with the NB Pizza Co. pop-up location is to expand upon the Runway Pub that our London team executed this past spring as a part of their London Marathon marketing campaign,” Downin said. “The NB Pizza Co. pop-up gives us the chance to celebrate the sport of running with the world around the TCS New York City Marathon, the largest marathon in the world.” Just call it a big slice of marketing genius.

U.S. Olympic and Paralympic Committee relaxes Rule 40 guidelines. The guidance relates to Rule 40 of the Olympic Charter, which restricts the use of athletes’ names and images for advertising purposes. U.S. Olympic and Paralympic athletes will be able to thank personal sponsors, appear in advertisements for those sponsors and receive congratulatory messages from them during next year’s Tokyo Games under guidance released last Tuesday by the U.S. Olympic and Paralympic Committee. Official partners will maintain exclusive use of Team USA and Olympic Games logos and imagery, but athletes’ personal sponsors will be permitted to run generic ads. The same brands will no longer face a deadline to put a campaign into market prior to the Olympics and will have more freedom on social media. The loosening of marketing rules gives athletes more freedom to benefit from sponsors they deal with directly, rather than limiting advertising to official partner companies of the USOPC and IOC. Are you listening, NCAA?

AdWeek shows how the NFL connects television, advertising, and American culture. This month, AdWeek notes, network TV “returns once more with a shiny slate full of fall debuts. It’s an annual ritual of foreordained failure, with the vast majority of shows unlikely to survive to see a second season. Only one form of broadcast programming really matters anymore, economically for the media industry and existentially for American culture: sports, broadly—and the NFL, specifically.” Some of the metrics are obvious: 19 of the 20 highest-rated broadcasts in TV history have been Super Bowls. More than a billion people reportedly tuned in for the 2018 World Cup final. Other stats are more surprising: At peak, 93 of the top 100 rated shows in a single season were sports programs. Tellingly, through Week 5 of the 2019 season, over 142 million people tuned into an NFL game, with each game averaging 16.7 million viewers across TV and digital, a 6% increase over last year. Streaming is up 51%, and all 20 of the top 20 highest-rated TV programs this season are NFL games.

Snapchat enables in-game purchases for first time in new campaign with Adidas. Adidas has launched a new, interactive campaign on Snapchat which, for the first time, will enable users to purchase a product via a game in the app. Through the game, players will also be able to purchase the latest Adidas cleats, the first time such capacity has been expanded to a game, and a significant step in Snap's eCommerce efforts. This new campaign from Adidas is not part of its Games platform as such, but it underlines Snap's push towards gaming, as it seeks to maximize its appeal and keep its users in-app for longer. It will also help boost Snap's combined gaming and advertising ambitions, and ideally, its appeal to the gaming market. In itself, Snap Games offer new advertising potential, but the addition of a new game/product tie-in process, with in-app purchasing, could provide another way for brands to create engaging, immersive campaigns.

Finally, the Los Angeles Times answers a question that’s been bugging us for years – where do football teams store the giant American flags that can cover the entire field during the National Anthem? The Times’ Sam Farmer “did some asking around,” and here’s what he found out. Some teams, the L.A. Rams among them, rent their giant flags for special occasions. Others, such as the Minnesota Vikings, own their flag and assemble it about four times per season – it comes in six huge sections held together by hidden Velcro seams. The Vikings’ flag is stored in six separate carts similar to large laundry bins. The field-size flags weigh about 1,100 pounds and cost about $42,000 to buy and $6,000 to rent according to a company that manufactures them. And NFL Films, in a feature on the 300 foot flags, noted that each stripe is 11 feet wide, each star is 7 feet tall, and teams use about 150 volunteers to properly display the flag before games. So keep that in mind as the 2019 football season, and all those giant flags, continue to unfurl.

Top Five Tech

Technology, in the form of social media, has caused chaos for the NBA in China. The NBA’s troubles in the world’s most populous country began when Houston Rockets team manager Daryl Morey took to Twitter in support of Hong Kong protesters. His tweet, which has since been deleted, included an image that read, "Fight for freedom, stand with Hong Kong." Days later, NBA Commissioner Adam Silver said that he supported Morey "in terms of his ability to exercise his freedom of expression," including on social media, which sparked outrage in China. NBA China lists 11 wholly-owned Chinese companies as its official partners in the country on its website, all of which now say they have halted business with the league. There's a lot at stake for the NBA. The Chinese market makes up at least 10% of the league's current revenue, and could reach 20% by 2030. By sending out one tweet, the entirety of the NBA’s future is China is in jeopardy. It may behoove the league to begin focusing more intently on India moving forward, as we discussed last week.

Rugby World Cup gets 360 degree social media. According to SVG Europe, International Games Broadcast Services is a team of four that is creating a variety of content, including 360-degree videos, quick video clips, stats and facts, hero-worship content, and more for delivery via Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. The 360-degree video is captured using GoPro 360-degree cameras, and there is no need for someone to manually stitch together video streams, making the process much easier and faster. Top clips this year include the New Zealand Haka in 360-degree and a Wales hero-worship piece. Additionally Japan, the Rugby World Cup host country, had a huge upset against Samoa which set its own record in TV viewership at this year’s Cup. By combining older media platforms such as TV with 360 degree video for online, the Rugby World Cup has been on the cutting edge of advancing sports broadcasting.

F1 and Complex media group team up for content series with rapper-host A$AP Ferg. The new series will be called “The Pit” and feature Formula One themed challenges. According to SportsPro, the online series aims to provide a greater insight into the global motorsport series and will feature current Formula One drivers, including Carlos Sainz, Lando Norris, Daniel Ricciardo, and 2007 champion Kimi Räikkönen. The show originally premiered on October 4, followed by weekly episodes until the U.S. Grand Prix on November 1. This partnership will bring rap, F1, and pop culture fans to an intersection where they will be able to share their passions and be introduced to new sports and cultures to grow fan bases in all three categories.

The NFL expands its OverTier game pass deal to 181 countries around the world. According to Variety, the NFL has consolidated nearly all international-streaming operations for its Game Pass premium subscription service with OverTier. Since 2017, OverTier has held the rights to operate NFL Game Pass in Europe, covering 61 countries in the region. The new agreement expands that to more than 100 additional countries and territories, including Australia, Brazil, Hong Kong, India, Israel, Japan, Mexico, and South Korea. Those regions had previously been managed by DAZN’s parent company Perform Group and powered by Endeavor Streaming. To date only the U.S., Canada, and China are served online games from different sports media companies. Under OverTier’s new multi-year pact with the NFL, it will distribute all live NFL matchups on Game Pass across 11 platforms, including iOS, Android, Apple TV, PlayStation, Xbox, Amazon Fire TV, and Samsung and LG smart TVs. OverTier has driven up viewership and subscriptions for NFL Game Pass significantly in Europe over the past two seasons and now looks to expand the NFL’s influence to countries around the world.

The PGA Tour will show every shot hit by every player LIVE on its Players Championship broadcast in 2020. According to Golf Digest, The PGA Tour announced this media milestone last Monday ahead of the 2020 Players, which is set for March 12-15. The new way of keeping golf more action packed will only be available if you subscribe to PGA Tour Live, the tour's digital streaming product, on either NBC Sports Gold or Amazon Prime. Viewers will be able to select which players they want to watch during the tournament's four days. The tour hopes this is the next step in bringing this type of coverage to all of its events. PGA Tour Entertainment and NBC Sports will show more than 32,000 shots over four days at TPC Sawgrass thanks to 120 cameras positioned around Pete Dye's Stadium Course. The tour also announced the launch of its revamped TourCast product, which will allow people to follow the action with shot trails of every ball hit. Golf is getting full techie and allowing for fans to have more consistent content, better analytics, and live feeds from the course to personalize what they see from the green.

Power of Sports Five

Merging Vets and Players (MVP) charity teams up with the Atlanta Falcons to reduce military and veteran suicides. According to KOAM News, the MVP charity aims to bring together combat veterans and retired professional athletes to help them adjust to life outside their professions. The organization has set up chapters in four major U.S. cities, and the Atlanta branch is working closely with the Atlanta Falcons. MVP was founded by FOX's NFL insider, Jay Glazer, and Nate Boyer, U.S. Army Green Beret Veteran and former NFL athlete who played for the Seattle Seahawks in 2015. After recently running some physical activities as a group, MVP coaches run “The Huddle” – a 1:15 long support group where participants are coached to be proud of their scars. Some of MVP's ambassadors include former NFL players Michael Strahan, Olin Kreutz, and Chris Long, who have struggled with retirement. By crossing the interactions between NFL and combat veterans, both ex-players and veterans can help express their emotions and struggles in a positive way.

The Sacramento Kings will reward fans with CryptoTokens that contributes towards charity. According to CoinDesk, the Sacramento Kings are the first U.S. pro sports team to develop a crypto token for fan rewards. “Kings Token” will pair with a predictive gaming platform the team has developed in anticipation of the legalization of sports betting in California. Last year, the Kings became the first pro sports team to mine cryptocurrency, setting up a program called MiningForGood that donates the funds to charity and now they are even donating to loyal cryptocurrency to fans. Kings Tokens will exist within a token wallet added to the team’s Golden 1 Center app, which tracks the engagement and accumulated points. Fans can earn rewards through the predictive gaming platform and redeem those points for access to unique events, signed merchandise or courtside tickets. This initiative is getting fans involved with current tech advancements in crytocurrency while also helping the MiningForGood program which donates the funds to charity.

Rugby’s newest league is for those with learning disabilities. According to the BBC, Craig Thomason and his brother Oliver wanted to create a game for people with disabilities, like Oliver, who lives with Down syndrome. Craig works as disability development manager at the Warrington Wolves Foundation, where the idea of the learning disability rugby league originated. A 12-team program was fielded this year with about 160 players taking part, and there are already plans to expand the number of teams in an effort to reach more people in more cities. There are also hopes that players will become more involved in the clubs they represent by going on volunteer for them; each week, for example, Oliver helps deliver rugby league sessions at a youth club, and he is a learning disability coach in a local school. The non-contact league plans for even more accessibility sessions for those who may struggle to play rugby and also wants to add a program for dementia patients.

The NBA’s San Antonio Spurs Silver & Black Giveback program awards $180,000 to local nonprofits. According to News 4 San Antonio, the $180,000 in facility grants have been given to three local nonprofits whose programs serve the youth of San Antonio and support SBGB’s mission to empower youth through service and sports. Grant recipients include Rise Recovery, the San Antonio Zoo, and Good Samaritan Community Services. Rise Recovery aims to help teens, young adults, and families overcome the effects of drugs and alcohol while also partnering with the community in education and prevention and were granted $100,000 to provide furniture, fixtures, and equipment for the sport court and surrounding outdoor educational classroom at their new campus. Meanwhile, the San Antonio Zoo will use the $75,000 Operation Renovation facility grant to renovate the San Antonio Zoo Education Center, which hasn’t been renovated since it was first occupied in 1984. Lastly, Good Samaritan Community Services was awarded $8,222 to purchase two evaporative cooling units for outdoor basketball courts. The SBGB program will help to keep youth in San Antonio active, educated, and comforted.

New Orleans Saints linebacker Demario Davis turns “Man of God” headband violation into an act of charity. When the NFL tried to go after Davis for his headband with its religious message, he won an appeal of the $7,017 fine handed to him by the league and stated the money will instead go toward the cause he has been promoting. According to the Washington Post, Davis picked up support from a New Orleans-area Catholic school, where children created their own versions of the “Man of God” headband that garnered the NFL’s scrutiny. All of the $7,017 from the fine will now be donated to St. Dominic Hospital in Jackson, Mississippi, where Davis grew up. Davis’s mother worked at the hospital while he starred in high school, before he went on to become a third-round pick by the New York Jets in 2012. Sales of headbands emblazoned with “Man of God” and “Woman of God” picked up after the NFL informed Davis he would be fined for wearing one during a September game and raised an additional $30,000 for the hospital.

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Important Higher Education Body[Short Notes]

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Important Higher Education Body[Short Notes]

Short Notes on Important Higher Education Body in India

Short notes on Important higher education body topics for various competitive examination such as NET, IAS, SSC etc exam included details of higher education apex body their brief into and functioning. It includes important details around the functioning, moto, vision and other key staff at a single page. This Information has been collected from various statutory organisation website and documents available in the public domain.

Apex Educational Bodies in India

The University Grants Commission(UGC) is a statutory organization established by an Act of Parliament in 1956 for the coordination, determination, and maintenance of standards of university education. Apart from providing grants to eligible universities and colleges, the Commission also advises the Central and State Governments on the measures which are necessary for the development of Higher Education.

It functions from New Delhi as well as its six Regional offices located in Bangalore, Bhopal, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Kolkata, and Pune.

More details about UGC and functioning is covered in Higher Education Framework

National Council of Educational Research and Training(NCERT)

The National Council of Educational Research and Training is an autonomous organisation of the Government of India that was established on 1 September 1961 as a literary, scientific and charitable Society under the Societies’ Registration Act. Its headquarters are located at Sri Aurobindo Marg in New Delhi.

NCERT is the apex body for curriculum related matters for school education in India. It assists and advises the Central and State Governments on academic matters related to school education. It also provides support and technical assistance to a number of schools in India and oversees many aspects of enforcement of education policies.

The major objectives of NCERT and its constituent units are to: undertake, promote and coordinate research in areas related to school education; prepare and publish model textbooks, supplementary material, newsletters, journals and develops educational kits, multimedia digital materials, etc. organise pre-service and in-service training of teachers; develop and disseminate innovative educational techniques and practices;collaborate and network with state educational departments, universities, NGOs and other educational institutions; act as a clearinghouse for ideas and information in matters related to school education; and act as a nodal agency for achieving the goals of Universalisation of Elementary Education.

In addition to research, development, training, extension, publication and dissemination activities, NCERT is an implementation agency for bilateral cultural exchange programmes with other countries in the field of school education.

The NCERT also interacts and works in collaboration with the international organisations, visiting foreign delegations and offers various training facilities to educational personnel from developing countries.

The major constituent units of NCERT which are located in different regions of the country are:

National Institute of Education (NIE), New Delhi Central Institute of Educational Technology (CIET), New Delhi Pandit Sundarlal Sharma Central Institute of Vocational Education (PSSCIVE), Bhopal Regional Institute of Education (RIE), Ajmer Regional Institute of Education (RIE), Bhopal Regional Institute of Education (RIE), Bhubaneswar Regional Institute of Education (RIE), Mysore North-East Regional Institute of Education (NERIE), Shillong

Central Board of Secondary Education(CBSE)

CBSE is another main governing body of the education system in India. It comes under the purview of the Central Government. It is a Board of Education for public and private schools. The board conducts final examinations every spring for All India Senior School Certificate Examination (AISSCE) for Class 10 and 12. The board also annually conducts the AIEEE exam for admission to undergraduate courses in engineering and architecture in numerous colleges of India.

To define appropriate approaches of academic activities to provide stress-free, child centred and holistic education to all children without compromising on quality

To analyse and monitor the quality of academic activities by collecting the feedback from different stakeholders

To develop norms for implementation of various academic activities including quality issues; to control and coordinate the implementation of various academic and training programmes of the Board; to organize academic activities and to supervise other agencies involved in the process

To adapt and innovate methods to achieve academic excellence in conformity with psychological, pedagogical and social principles.

To encourage schools to document the progress of students in a teacher and student friendly way

To propose plans to achieve quality benchmarks in school education consistent with the National goals

To organize various capacity building and empowerment programmes to update the professional competency of teachers

It also conducts AIPMT – All India Pre Medical Test for admission to major medical colleges in India.

Read more details here – cbseacademic website

Council of Indian School Certificate Examination (CISCE)

CISCE is a private, non-governmental board of school education in India. It conducts two examinations ‘Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) ‘ and ‘Indian School Certificate (ISC)‘. ICSE is an examination meant for those Indian students who have just completed their 10th class. ISC is a public examination conducted for those studying in 12th class.

In 1952, an All India Certificate Examinations Conference was held under the Chairmanship of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, Minister for Education. The main purpose of the Conference was to consider the replacement of the overseas Cambridge School Certificate Examination by an All India Examination.

The inaugural meeting of the Council was held on 3rd November 1958.

In December 1967, the Council was registered as a Society under the Societies Registration Act, 1860.

In 1973, the Council was listed in the Delhi School Education Act 1973, as a body conducting “public” examinations.

The Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations conducts three examinations, namely, the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE –Class X); The Indian School Certificate (ISC – ClassXII) and the Certificate in Vocational Education (CVE – Year 12). The subject choices and syllabuses prescribed for these examinations are varied and aimed at nurturing the unique gifts of individual pupils

National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS)

NIOS – It is an educational board of national level established by the Government of India and the Ministry for Human Resource Development. This board meets the educational needs of students who cannot attend regular schools.

The National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) formerly known as National Open School (NOS) was established in November 1989 as an autonomous organisation in pursuance of National Policy on Education 1986 by the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), Government of India.

NIOS is providing a number of Vocational, Life Enrichment and community oriented courses besides General and Academic Courses at Secondary and Senior Secondary level. It also offers Elementary level Courses through its Open Basic Education Programmes (OBE).

The government of India through a gazette notification vested NIOS with the authority to examine and certify learners registered with it upto pre degree level courses whether Academic, Technical or Vocational.

It is also known as National Institute of Open Schooling or NIOS. Though anybody can appear for the board examinations, it is most suitable for sportspersons, physically handicapped, candidates suffering from chronic medical illness and those with learning disorders or other psychiatric conditions. It also caters to rural populace in an inexpensive manner.

Website – https://www.nios.ac.in/

National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE)

NCTE is a national-level statutory body of the Government of India, established in 1995. Its objective is to plan co-ordinated development of the teacher education system, regulate, maintain and monitor norms and standards in teacher education.

The National Council for Teacher Education, in its previous status since 1973, was an advisory body for the Central and State Governments on all matters pertaining to teacher education, with its Secretariat in the Department of Teacher Education of the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT).

It lays down norms for teacher education courses, accredits institutions, frames recruitment norms, carries out surveys, research and innovations.

The main objective of the NCTE is to achieve planned and coordinated development of the teacher education system throughout the country, the regulation and proper maintenance of Norms and Standards in the teacher education system and for matters connected therewith.

The mandate given to the NCTE is very broad and covers the whole gamut of teacher education programmes including research and training of persons for equipping them to teach at pre-primary, primary, secondary and senior secondary stages in schools, and non-formal education, part-time education, adult education and distance (correspondence) education courses.

The NCTE has four Regional Offices at Jaipur, Bangalore, Bhubaneswar, and Bhopal respectively.

These four Regional Committees at Jaipur, Bengaluru, Bhubaneswar and Bhopal covering the territorial jurisdiction of the Northern, Southern, Eastern (and North-Eastern) and Western Regions of the Country respectively. The Regional Committees came into existence on 06.01.1996.

Website – http://ncte-india.org/ncte_new/

Council for Technical Education (AICTE)

It was established by an Act of Parliament to develop, promote and co-ordinate technical education in the country. Technical Education broadly covers the field of engineering & technology, architecture & town planning, management, pharmacy and applied arts & crafts. The council grants approval for starting new technical institutions and introduction of new programs in consultation with the agencies concerned.

All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), a national-level council for technical education. It governs the Boards of Architecture, Hotel Management and Catering Technology, Information Technology, Post Graduate Education and Research in Engineering and Technology, Undergraduate Studies in Engineering etc.

Recently it has also created a separate body-National Body of Accreditation (NBA) that gives accreditation to institutions and grades the courses offered by them.

Read more details at – Kick-Start Notes On AICTE For Higher Education System

Council for Agriculture Research (ICAR)

The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) is an autonomous organisation under the Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE), Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India. Formerly known as Imperial Council of Agricultural Research, it was established on 16 July 1929 as a registered society under the Societies Registration Act, 1860 in pursuance of the report of the Royal Commission on Agriculture.

It keeps the information and provides consultancy on agriculture, horticulture, resource management, animal sciences, agricultural engineering, fisheries, agricultural extension, agricultural education, home science, and agricultural communication.

It has the mandates to coordinate agricultural research and development programmes.

Further, the DARE/ICAR has got a good number of new initiatives such as Farmer FIRST, Student READY, ARYA, Consortia Research Platforms, etc. to facilitate agricultural research through innovation and integration

Read more at – https://www.icar.org.in/

AIMA – All India Management Association

The All India Management Association (AIMA) is the national apex body of the management profession in India. AIMA was created with the active support of the Government of India and Industry in 1957.

The All India Management Association (AIMA) in India with over 30,000 members through 67 Local Management Associations affiliated to it.

AIMA has formed over 60 years ago and is a non-lobbying, not for profit organisation, working closely with industry, Government, academia and students, to further the cause of the management profession in India

AIMA carries out a range of management related activities and initiatives such as Distance Management Education, Management Development Programs, Research and Publications, Testing Services, and National events and competitions.

The association is represented on a number of policy-making bodies of the Government of India and national associations including All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), which is the apex regulatory body for professional education in the country under the Ministry of Human Resource Development; National Board of Accreditation (NBA); Association of Indian Management Schools, Hyderabad; National Productivity Council, New Delhi.

Read more at –cdac website

CHD – Central Hindi Directorate

The Central Hindi Directorate was established on March 1, 1960, by Government of India under the then Ministry of Education (now Ministry of Human Resource Development), Department of Higher Education to promote and propagate Hindi as well as to develop it as a link language throughout India in pursuance of Article 351 of the Constitution of India.

The Headquarters of the Central Hindi Directorate is located at New Delhi. Its regional offices are located at Chennai, Kolkata, Hyderabad and Guwahati. Since its inception, the Directorate has been implementing a number of schemes for the promotion and development of Hindi.

CHD conducts correspondence courses for teaching the Hindi language to non – Hindi speaking Indians and foreigners. CHD also prepares dictionaries and conversational books that are Bi-lingual, Trilingual and Multi-lingual.

The Directorate has been implementing a number of schemes as follows:

Hindi for Government Servants – Central Hindi Directorate has been conducting a number of courses such as Certificate Course in Hindi, Diploma Course in Hindi, Advance Diploma Course and Course Prabodh, Praveen and Pragya for Govt. Servants.

Scheme of publication of monolingual/bilingual, trilingual and multilingual dictionaries.

Correspondence courses/Awards to Hindi writers

Extension services and programmes,

Hindi teaching and Promotion through Audio cassettes.

Grants to voluntary organisations for the propagation of Hindi including the scheme of assistance for publication/purchase of books.

Purchase of Hindi books for free distribution.

For more details, click here: www.hindinideshalaya.nic.in

CIET – Central Institute of Educational Technology:

Central Institute of Educational Technology(CIET), a constituent unit of NCERT, came into existence in the year 1984 with the merger of the Center for Educational Technology and Department of Teaching Aids.

Its major aim is to promote utilization of educational technologies viz., radio, TV, satellite communications and cyber media either separately or in combinations and its appropriate use to enhance learning and improve productivity in classrooms and schools.

To advise and coordinate (a) academic and technical programmes of the five State Institutes of Educational Technology (SIETs) (b) implementation of the National Policy of ICT for School Education, ICT@Schools Scheme.

The Institute undertakes various activities to widen educational opportunities promote equity and improve the quality of educational processes at the school level.

Developed ICT curriculum for students and teachers

Developed National Repository of Open Educational Resources (NROER)

Organized training programmes for teachers and teacher educators of 15 States/UTs through face to face and distance mode

Organized All India Children’s Educational Audio Video Programmes, Contests and National ICT Award for school teachers

Disseminate e-contents through telecast/broadcast on DD -1, Gyan Vani, Gyan Darshan channels and sales mechanism

CIET provides and promotes educational technology especially at the school level. It publicizes alternative learning systems. Directs and coordinates the academic and technical programmes of SIET.

CIEFL – Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages

The Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages – CIEFL is a National Institute for providing higher education in English and other Foreign Languages in India. The EMRC functions under the control of CIEFL.

In fact, Educational Media Research Centre, CIEFL, Hyderabad came into being in 1985. The institute serves the purpose to tap the potential of television as an educational tool and to make quality higher education accessible to students of small and remote places utilizing the rapidly expanding television network in the country.

The English and Foreign Languages University, Hyderabad, was founded in 1958 as the Central Institute of English (CIE).

Gradually the Institute extended the scope of its goals, viz. to improve the standard of teaching of English; to undertake relevant research; and, to introduce foreign languages. It was therefore renamed the Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages (CIEFL) in 1972 with the addition of three major foreign languages – German, Russian and French.

The CIEFL is the only university in India of its kind exclusively devoted to learning and teaching of English and other Foreign languages in demand.

As of Now, CIEFL offers language programmes in English, Arabic, French, German, Japanese, Russian and Spanish.

Presently, the CIEFL has three campuses – Hyderabad, Lucknow and Shillong.

The Hyderabad campus of CIEFL has five different schools, namely- School of Critical Humanities, School of Distance Education, School of English Language Education, School of Foreign Languages and School of Language Sciences. The Lucknow campus runs MA English and M.Phil. in Linguistics and Phonetics. The Shillong campus also offers programs in English, French and German.

[Source – http://www.indiaeducation.net/apexbodies/ciefl/]

CIIL – Central Institute of Indian Languages:

The Central Institute of Indian Languages (CIIL) at Mysore, a subordinate office of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, was set up in 1969 to help in evolving and implementing the language policy of Government of India and to coordinate the development of Indian Languages by conducting research in the areas of language analysis, language pedagogy, language technology and language use in the society. The Institute promotes Indian languages through several comprehensive schemes.

For the promotion of its objectives, CIIL organises a number of programmes, some of which are:

Development of Indian Languages

The Scheme seeks to develop Indian languages through research, development of human resource and the production of materials in modern Indian languages, including tribal/ minor/ minority languages.

Regional Language Centres (RLCs)

There are seven Regional Language Centres located at Bhubaneswar, Pune, Mysore, Patiala, Guwahati, Solan and Lucknow. The centres work for the implementation of the three language formula of the Government and preparation of instructional materials. The RLCs conduct teacher-training programmes wherein the secondary school teachers deputed by States and Union Territories are trained in languages other than their mother tongue.

For more details, click here: www.ciil.org

CSTT – Commission of Scientific and Technical Terminology

The Commission for Scientific & Technical Terminology (CSTT) was set up on December 21, 1960 by a resolution of Government of India under the proviso to Clause (4) of Article 344 of the Constitution with the objective to evolve and define scientific and technical terms in Hindi and all Indian languages; publish glossaries, definitional dictionaries, encyclopaedia.; to see that the evolved terms and their definitions reach the students, teachers, scholars, scientists, officers etc., to ensure proper usage/ necessary updating/ correction/ improvement on the work done (through workshops/ seminars/ orientation programmes) by obtaining useful feedback; to coordinate with all States to ensure uniformity of terminology in Hindi and other Indian languages.

The Commission carries out the following functions:-

Preparation and Publication of Bilingual and Trilingual Glossaries involving English/Hindi and other Indian Languages.

Preparation and Publication of National terminology.

Identification and Publication of School Level Terminology and Departmental Glossaries.

Identification of Pan Indian Terms.

Preparation of Definitional Dictionaries and Encyclopaedias.

Preparation of University level textbooks, monographs and journals

Grant-in-Aid to Granth Academies, Textbook Boards and University Cells for University level books in regional languages.

Propagation, expansion and critical review of terms coined and defined through training/orientation programmes, workshops, seminars etc.

Free distribution of Publications.

Providing necessary terminology to the National Translation Mission.

CSST works for the development of uniform technology for Hindi and other modern Indian languages. It is involved in the development of language technology for books and periodicals at all the educational levels – primary and Higher education besides University level.

For more details, click here: www.cstt.nic.in

COA – Council of Architecture

The Council of Architecture (COA) has been constituted by the Government of India under the provisions of the Architects Act, 1972, enacted by Parliament, which came into force on September 1, 1972. The Act provides for registration of Architects and matters connected therewith.

The COA, besides maintaining a Register of Architects, oversees the maintenance of standards, periodically of recognized qualifications under the Act by way of conducting inspection through Committees of Experts. Based on the inspections, the COA can make representation to appropriate Governments with regard to the inadequacy of standards maintained by the institutions.

COA is responsible for regulating the education and practice of profession throughout India besides maintaining the register of Architects. Any person willing to pursue ‘Architecture’ as a profession will have to register with the Council of Architecture.

There are about 423 institutions, which impart architectural education in India leading to recognized qualifications. The standards of education being imparted in these institutions (constituent colleges/departments of universities, deemed universities, affiliated colleges/schools, IITs, NITs and autonomous institutions) is governed by Council of Architecture (Minimum Standards of Architectural Education) Regulations, 1983, which set forth the requirement of eligibility for admission, course duration, standards of staff & accommodation, course content, examination etc.

The registration with Council of Architecture entitles a person to practice the profession of architecture, provided he holds a Certificate of Registration with up-to-date renewals. The registration also entitles a person to use the title and style of Architect.

For more details, click here: www.coa.gov.in

CSIR – Council of Scientific and Industrial Research

The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research abbreviated as CSIR was established by the Government of India in September of 1942 as an autonomous body that has emerged as the largest research and development organisation in India.

CSIR’S objective is to develop new tools and applications for the industrial segment of the country and to accelerate the scientific and technological progress of the country.

Recently, CSIR has undertaken several initiatives to translate laboratory leads to marketable/value-added technologies/products and thereby enhance interactions and connect to stakeholders for enabling ease of doing technology licensing.

One of the initiatives is a “Thematic approach” to harness multidisciplinary talent and infrastructure for solving specific challenges in identified sectors.

Theme Directorates have been formed and cover following specific sectors:

Aerospace, Electronics, and Instrumentation & Strategic Sectors;

Civil Infrastructure & Engineering;

Ecology, Environment, Earth & Ocean Sciences and Water;

Mining, Minerals, Metals and Materials;

Chemicals (including leather) and Petrochemicals;

Energy (conventional and non-conventional) and Energy devices;

Agri, Nutrition & Biotech; and

Healthcare.

Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), India, a premier national R&D organisation, is among the world’s largest publicly funded R&D organisation. Human Resource Development Group (HRDG), a division of CSIR realises this objective through various grants, fellowship schemes etc.

Also responsible for conducting CSIR-UGC (NET) EXAM FOR AWARD OF JUNIOR RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP AND ELIGIBILITY FOR LECTURERSHIP

The Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL) is a collaborative project between CSIR & the Department of AYUSH, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. The main objective of this network project is to prevent misappropriation of India’s rich heritage of traditional knowledge.

For more details, click here: http://www.csir.res.in/r-d-activities

DCI – Dental Council of India

Dental Council of India is a Statutory Body incorporated under an Act of Parliament viz. The Dentists Act, 1948 (XVI of 1948) to regulate the Dental Education and the profession of Dentistry throughout India and it is financed by the Govt. of India in the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (Department of Health) through Grant-in-aid.

DCI, a statutory body has representatives of the Central Government, State Government, Universities, Dental Colleges, Medical Council of India and the Private Practitioners of Dentistry. It was constituted with a view to regulating the dental education, dental profession and dental ethics.

Maintenance of uniform standards of Dental Education – both at Undergraduate and Postgraduate levels. (a) It envisages inspections/visitations of Dental Colleges for permission to start Dental colleges, an increase of seats, starting of new P.G. courses etc.

To prescribe the standard curricula for the training of dentists, dental hygienists, dental mechanics and the conditions for such training;

To prescribe the standards of examinations and other requirements to be satisfied to secure for qualifications recognition under the Act

For more details, click here: http://www.dciindia.org.in/Home.aspx

DOEACC – Department of Electronics Accreditation of Computer Courses

The courses of DOEACC commence from Certificate Level and goes up to Masters level. The society also offers horizontal level entry at a higher level. In the scheme, not only can students enrol but working too.

FTTI – Film and Television Institute of India

Film and Television Institute of India (FTTI), National School of Drama (NSD), Satyajit Ray Film and Television Institute (SRFTI), and Shri Ram Centre for Performing Arts (SRCPA)are the apex institutes under films and dramatics.

ICPR – Indian Council of Philosophical Research

The main objectives of ICPR are to establish, administer and manage the Indian Council of Philosophical Research. The Governing Body (GB) and the Research Project Committee (RPC) are the main authorities of the Council.

IIAS – Indian Institute of Advanced Study

IIAS is a residential centre for research and encourages the promotion of creative thought in areas which have deep human significance, and provides an environment suitable for academic research.

IIFT – Indian Institute of Foreign Trade

IIFT has evolved itself into a complete business school, offering Management Programmes in various streams of International Business. Besides, offering full-time programmes in Management, it also offers part-time programmes for working professionals.

IISc – Indian Institute of Science

IISc is a leading institution of research and advanced instruction. Besides offering formal education the institute also offers short-term programmes for engineers and scientists. The Continuing Education Programme of the institute covers a wide range of topics.

ISRO – Indian Space Research Organisation

The objective of ISRO is to develop space technology and its application to various national activities. ISRO has operationalized two major satellite systems namely Indian National Satellites (INSAT) and Indian Remote Sensing.

ISI – Indian Statistical Institute

ISI is well equipped for imparting teaching and training of mathematics, statistics and allied disciplines. The institute now comprises over 250 faculty members and over 1,000 supporting staff and several modern-day gadgets.

ICAI – Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

ICAI is contributing to education, professional development, and maintenance of high accounting, auditing, and ethical standards.

ICSI – Institute of Company Secretaries of India

ICSI develops and regulates the profession of company secretaries. It is the ONLY institute which offers this course and awards the certificate bestowing the designation of company secretary to qualifying members of the institute.

IEG – Institute of Economic Growth

IEG is recognized as one of the leading research institutes in the areas of economics and social development. It broadly focuses on Agriculture and rural development, Environment and resource economics, Labour and welfare, etc.

IMS – Institute of Mathematical Sciences

IMSc carries out research in frontier areas of mathematics, physics and computer sciences. Research at IMSc is well supported by Department of Atomic Energy Government of India and Government of Tamil Nadu.

IOP – Institute of Physics

IOP carries out research tasks in theoretical and experimental areas of High Energy, Nuclear, Atomic, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics, etc.

JNV – Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalayas

JNV’s are fully residential and co-educational schools covering classes VI to XII. Education in these Vidyalayas is free for all enrolled students including lodging, boarding, textbooks, uniforms etc.

MCI – Medical Council of India

MCI sets the standard of higher qualifications in medicine and recognition of medical qualifications in India and abroad. It deals with medical colleges and hospitals and medical professionals of the country.

NAAC – National Assessment and Accreditation Council

NAAC certifies institutions of higher learning (Colleges, Universities, Institutes, etc.) in the country but, it does not include the institutes providing technical education.

NLM – National Literacy Mission

NLM was established to make everyone self-reliant in reading, writing, and arithmetic, and to make them aware of the development issues affecting the society.

NUEPA – National University of Education Planning and Administration

NUEPA focuses on planning, management and capacity building in educational policy, through research, training, consultancy, and dissemination. It has nine academic and one administrative unit.

PCI – Pharmacy Council of India

PCI prescribes, regulates and maintains minimum educational standards for the training of pharmacists uniformly in the country. Any institute providing pharmacy education in the country requires registering with the Pharmacy Council of India.

RCI – Rehabilitation Council of India

RCI maintains and standardizes the standard of training professionals. It has a National Program Policy in the form of Primary Health Center and Bridge Courses.

The information provided on this page of ugcnetpaper1.com is gathered from various official/unofficial online and offline resources. Although we take every possible precaution to ensure that the content on our website is as authentic and accurate as possible followed by the manual check, there still might have some human mistakes. And we certainly are not responsible for any losses caused because of the inefficient information on the website.

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cbsesamplepapersblog · 2 years ago

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#ISC Class 12 Notes

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learnmor · 8 years ago

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School Education Boards In India

Indian educational system follows different types of boarding pattern. Students here have a great scope to choose between the syllabus and subjects. Most of the students are not aware of all the education boards and syllabus which are followed in India. In this article, we are going to talk about various governing boards and syllabus. Also note that LearnMor provides highly qualified private tutors for all these boards. So let’s get started.

Most of the Indian Education is carried over six major educational boards. These institutions are maintained under three levels ie., State, National and International, each of them has private and government funding.

1. STATE BOARD (SSC/SSLC)

2. CENTRAL BOARD OF SECONDARY EDUCATION (CBSE)

3. COUNCIL FOR THE INDIAN SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION (CISCE)

4. INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE (IB)

5. INTERNATIONAL GENERAL CERTIFICATE FOR SECONDARY EDUCATION (IGCSE)

6. NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OPEN SCHOOLING BOARD (NOS/NIOS)

1. STATE BOARD (SSC/SSLC):

Usually called as SSC/SSLC (secondary school certificate/secondary school leaving certificate) board, majority of the students in the country are enrolled in this board which is maintained by respective state governments. Almost every state has its own board examination. Most government schools and colleges prefer to teach in their own medium of instruction, but most private institutes follow English as a teaching medium.

SYLLABUS:

Syllabus is same throughout the whole state. Students can enrol themselves in regular schools which are run by private sector and in government schools which are maintained by the respective state governments, anyways the curriculum followed in both the sectors is same. Syllabus is designed according to the guidelines of NCERT. It is a lot more easier when compared with the other boards. Readymade material, question banks and guides are available in the market. Most of the syllabus will be on state level topics which helps students to prepare for the state level competitive exams and national level topics are also included to some extent.

There is a compulsory subject on regional language in both (private/government) institutions and there are extra 2-3 subjects (basic computer knowledge, general knowledge etc) in private schools which is an added advantage. Rest of the curriculum is very similar, only difference is the medium of teaching.

TYPES OF EXAMS:

Middle Standard Examination (earlier)

Secondary School Certificate (10 class/SSC)

Higher School Certificate (intermediate/+2/HSC)

After completing the intermediate examinations, students can choose among different streams like engineering, medicine, BSc, BBA, BCom, NDA, Air force, Navy, Military etc.

GRADING SYSTEM:

Most of them follows normal grading system. Marks are given in the form of percentage.

State board accommodates Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya’s (JNV’S) and Sainik Schools which falls under special category in which students are recruited based on their merit.

JNV’S specially focus on the rural areas and selects students who shows excellent problem solving skills. These students are provided free educational facilities from Class IV to X.

Sainik schools are run under the Ministry of Defence in which students are trained in military to make their entry into the Indian military and Indian navy in the future.

2. CENTRAL BOARD OF SECONDARY EDUCATION (CBSE)

CBSE is an apex board of education in India which is a national board and grants affiliation to schools upto higher secondary level. It was formed in 1952 by NCERT (National Council of Education Research And Training) especially for government employees who gets transferred frequently. But soon many private organizations also opted for this syllabus. Its main target is to operate group of central schools (Kendriya Vidyalaya’s) and finally amalgamated as CBSE by the Government of India.

SYLLABUS:

CBSE follows unique syllabus throughout the nation and many government examinations are conducted based on CBSE (national level exams). Curriculum is standard and helps students in the entrance examinations at later stages. Candidates from private institutions which are not affiliated to CBSE are also eligible for these entrance exams. Unlike state syllabus, CBSE focuses more on math and science as compared to languages. Syllabus is mainly for the students who wants to join engineering and medical services.

TYPES OF EXAMS:

CBSE conducts various exams at national level and it is also credited as the largest exam conducting body in the world.

It conducts board examinations for Class 10 and Class 12

All India Secondary School Examination for Class 10.

All India Senior School Certificate Examination for Class 12.

IIT-JEE Advanced and JEE mains.

All India Engineering Entrance Examination (AIEEE). However AIEEE is merged with IIT in 2013 and CBSE conducts two Exams ie JEE Mains and JEE Advanced.

All India Pre Medical Test (AIPMT) now replaced by National Eligibility and Entrance Test - UG (NEET-UG) - which is an entrance examination for medical colleges in India.

National Eligibility Test (eligibility for assistant professor).

Central Teacher’s Eligibility Test.

GRADING SYSTEM:

CBSE follows nine (9) point grading system on five (5) point scale (A-E), with 9 as the best. The qualifying mark in each subject is 33%.

Official website: http://cbse.nic.in/

WHAT IS NCERT (National Council For Education Research and Training)?

A lot of people get confused between CBSE and NCERT. It is assumed that NCERT is also a board like other boards, but the fact is that it is not a board. It is an organization which publishes books and materials for CBSE and ICSE boards. Students who enrolled in CBSE and ICSE boards will mostly follow the textbooks, study material published by NCERT.

3. COUNCIL FOR THE INDIAN SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION (CISCE)

It is the autonomous, private and non government body which conducts exams for Class 10, Class 12 and vocational courses. In 1952, the All India Certificate Examinations Conference was held under the chairmanship of Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad. The main aim was to replace the Cambridge School Certification by an All India Examination, thus a foundation was laid for the establishment of CISCE.

Official website: http://www.cisce.org/

It conducts 3 examinations for students who are affiliated to its board mainly:

The Indian Certificate for Secondary Education (ICSE) (Class X)

The Indian School Certificate Examination (ISCE) (Class XII)

The Certificate Of Vocational Education Examination (CVE) (Year 12)

INDIAN CERTIFICATE FOR SECONDARY EDUCATION (ICSE)

ICSE is an exam conducted by CISCE, a private non government board of education in India. Exam is conducted for Class X students and private students cannot appear for the examination. The medium of instruction is English except the language subject.

SYLLABUS:

The following are the subjects for Class X examinations:

Group I: Compulsory subjects

English

Second Language

History, Civics, Geography

Group II: (Any two of the following subjects)

Mathematics

Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology)

Economics

Commercial Studies

A Modern Foreign Language

A Classical Language

Environmental Science

Group III (Any one of the following subjects)

Computer Applications, Economic Applications, Commercial Applications, Art, Performing Arts, Home Science, Cookery, Fashion Designing, Physical Education, Yoga, Technical Drawing Applications, Environmental Applications and A Modern Foreign Language

In addition to these, there are internal assessments, class work assignments, project work, practical work, etc. Internal assessments has 20% weightage in Group I and Group II and 50% weightage in Group III.

Officail website: http://www.cisce.org/

INDIAN SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION (ISCE)

ISC is the board exam conducted for Class 12 students after 2 year course which is after their secondary education (or its equivalent). Private students are not permitted to take the exam. It is treated as the equivalent examination to senior exam of the University of Scotland. Students will no longer be required to obtain “A” level certificate for seeking admissions into the Universities of UK, and other overseas universities in commonwealth. This is the only qualification which is granted special recognition.

Syllabus

You can view the official syllabus by visiting the following link:

http://www.cisce.org/divisions.aspx

GRADING:

Grading and allocation of marks are similar to ICSE system but the only difference is the exams are conducted as 70:30 ratio, that means internal assessment is conducted for 30 marks weightage and external examination for 70 marks. The pass mark for each subject is 40%

Official website: http://www.cisce.org/

CERTIFICATE OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION EXAMINATION (CVE)

It is conducted for Class 12 students in accordance with the recommendation with the Human Resource Development through the Joint Council of Vocational Education (JCVE) who wants to take up professional courses.

There are several departments from which student can choose the subject in which he wants to pursue his career, such as the following

Pre School management, Offset Printing Technician, Graphic Designing Technician, Telecommunication and Electronic Technician, Mechanical Engineering Technician, Exterior and Interior Design, Hospitality Management, Computer Theory and System Analyst, Civil Engineering Technician, Physical Education, Business Studies, Air Conditioning And Refrigeration Technician, Office Assistant.

Research Development And Consultancy Division (RDCD).

Some of the activities undertaken by RDCD include curriculum development, ISC and CVE syllabi, development of material for teachers and students, updating council website, preparation of the documents regarding performance of the pupil in ICSE and ISC levels. etc

4. INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE (IB)

IB programme was founded in 1968 by the International Baccalaureate Organization, a non-profit educational organization based in Geneva, Switzerland. IBO is not associated with any particular country . This programme is more practical and application based. It tests students knowledge rather than testing memory and speed. IB mostly focuses on ‘how to learn’ rather than ‘what to learn’. It is more challenging compared to CBSE & ICSE.

There are three main programs in IB which include:

Primary Year Programme (PYP)

Middle Year Programme (MYP)

Diploma Programme (DP)

Primary Year Programme (PYP):

Followed for classes (Kindergarten to Class 5)

There are no exams till MYP

Normal curriculum is followed (maths, science, social, physical education, languages)

Middle Year Programme (MYP):

Followed for Class 6 to Class 10

Exams are conducted as per the syllabus

In addition to the PYP syllabus, Humanities (History and geography), Technology (Computers) and one more language (second language) is included.

Diploma Programme (DP):

DP is followed for Class 11 to Class 12.

Students have to choose 1 subject from each of the following six ‘Subject Groups’:

Group 1: First Language (English)

Group 2: Second Language (French, German, Hindi, etc)

Group 3: Individuals and Societies ((History, Economics, Business and Management, etc)

Group 4: Sciences (Biology, Chemistry, Physics and Environmental Systems)

Group 5: Mathematics and Computer Science

Group 6: Electives (either Visual Arts or one subject from Group 3,4 or 5)

In addition to these, students must also go through a two-year program which includes -

Theory of Knowledge (TOK):

An essay of 1600 words is written on a given topic chosen from a group of 10 topics, followed by a ten-min presentation.

Extended Essay (EE):

It involves original independent research by the DP student to produce an essay of 4000 words.

Creativity, Action and Service (CAS):

Student should complete at least 150 hours of work in one-and-a-half years by participating in sports or other physical action, creativity and social service.

Generally, higher subjects are more rigorous than Standard level.

Official website: http://www.ibo.org/

5. INTERNATIONAL GENERAL CERTIFICATE FOR SECONDARY EDUCATION (IGCSE)

It is an internationally accepted syllabus and the exams are conducted by Cambridge International Examinations (CIE). The Cambridge IGCSE curriculum offers a variety of routes for learners with a wide range of abilities, including those whose first language is not English. There are over 70 subjects, including 30 languages and schools can offer them in any combination. Cambridge IGCSE is the world’s most popular international qualification for 14 to 16 year olds

The Cambridge Programme is divided into the following four stages:

1. Cambridge Primary (for 5 to 11 years)

At this stage, students develop skills and understanding in English, maths and science.

2. Cambridge Secondary 1 (for 11-14 years)

At the second stage, students develop further their skills and understanding in English, maths and science

3. Cambridge Secondary 2 (for 14-16 years)

Here, the students follow Cambridge O Level or Cambridge IGCSE courses, leading to globally recognised qualifications. They build a broad learning programme from a wide range of subjects.

4. Cambridge Advanced (16-19 years)

At this stage, students develop deep understanding and thinking skills. These include Cambridge International AS & A Level qualifications providing the students with a choice to specialise from a range of 50 diverse subjects.

IGCSE CORE:

The core curriculum is within the ability range of larger majority of students. It provides a full overview of the subject and is targeted at students expected to achieve grades C to G.

IGCSE EXTENDED:

The extended curriculum has been designed for more academically able students. It is targeted at those expected to achieve grades A* to E.

Exams are conducted twice a year in June and November and the results are announced in August and January respectively.

GRADING SYSTEM

Graded on 8 point scale from A* to G; A^ is another grade for those who sustained performance in higher level maths skills such as reasoning and problem solving.

The overlap of three grades (C, D and E) is designed to accommodate students who perform either better or worse than their teachers expect. “U” is another grade called as “UNGRADED” equivalent to “FAIL”.

For more information:

http://www.cie.org.uk/programmes-and-qualifications/cambridge-secondary-2/cambridge-igcse/

6. NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OPEN SCHOOLING BOARD (NOS/NIOS)

It is similar to CBSE and ICSE and believed to be the largest open school in the world, which provides vocational education and training (VET). It is a initiative from Government Of India and operated in 26 countries. People who benefit from NIOS are sports person, people who have learning disabilities, who are in psychiatric conditions and physically handicapped condition.

NIOS is established by Human Rights Department of Indian Government in November 1989 which is established as an autonomous body.

EXAM PATTERN:

Exams are conducted twice a year in April-May and October-November.

Every student is given nine chances and 5 years to complete their subjects and each student has flexibility to chose their own subjects. If they fail to complete their subjects in nine chances, they were given one more chance to complete.

Pass percentage in exam is 33%.

Student can take exam at any time they want and no pressure is put on them.

Students are permitted to write exams as often as they want if they wants to improve their performance. This is called on-demand examination system which is currently only available at NIOS headquarters in NOIDA.

SYLLABUS:

Student should study minimum 5 and maximum 7 subjects. They are also allowed to change the subjects in midway if they are not interested in them.

Visit NIOS website for more information:

http://www.nos.org/

#icse #cbse #ib #igcse #cambridge igcse #education boards #learnmor

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