#NGC 460

[quiltofstars]

Some nebulae in the SMC // Chris Laurel

[anothercloudynight]

Messier 4 //NGC 6121 , NGC 6144 ,IC4605 ,IC4603

Rho Ophiuchi Complex , the most beautiful region in my opinion ;)

Distance to Earth: 460 ly

Constellation Ophiuchus.

May 20,22 2023 -Montcada i Reixac-

[spacetimewithstuartgary]

XRISM spacecraft will open new window on the X-ray cosmos

The upcoming XRISM (X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission, pronounced "crism") spacecraft will study the universe's hottest regions, largest structures, and objects with the strongest gravity.

Led by JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency), XRISM will peer into these cosmic extremes using spectroscopy, the study of how light and matter interact. In this explainer, video producer Sophia Roberts from NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center walks us through how understanding spectroscopy deepens our knowledge of the universe.

"I think we all get excited for the beautiful images we get from missions like NASA's James Webb Space Telescope," Roberts said. "But after taking a deep dive into spectroscopy, I really appreciate the critical context it gives scientists about the story behind those pictures."

XRISM's microcalorimeter spectrometer, named Resolve, is a collaboration between JAXA and NASA. It will create spectra, measurements of light's intensity over a range of energies, for X-rays from 400 to 12,000 electron volts. (For comparison, visible light energies range from about 2 to 3 electron volts.)

To do this, Resolve measures tiny temperature changes created when an X-ray hits its 6-by-6-pixel detector. To measure that minuscule increase and determine the X-ray's energy, the detector needs to cool down to around minus 460° Fahrenheit (around minus 270° Celsius), just a fraction of a degree above absolute zero. The instrument reaches its operating temperature after a multistage mechanical cooling process inside a refrigerator-sized container of liquid helium.

Resolve will help astronomers learn more about the composition and motion of extremely hot gas within clusters of galaxies, near-light-speed particle jets powered by black holes in active galaxies, and other cosmic mysteries.

The Webb telescope captures similar spectra, but for infrared light. Webb's spectra have revealed the makeup of gas near active black holes and mapped the movement of this material toward or away from the viewer. Data from XRISM's Resolve instrument will do the same at higher energies, helping paint a fuller picture of these objects.

XRISM is a collaborative mission between JAXA and NASA, with participation by ESA (European Space Agency). NASA's contribution includes science participation from the Canadian Space Agency.

TOP IMAGE....This artist's concept shows a face-on view of the XRISM (X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission) spacecraft. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab

LOWER IMAGE....Scientists studied NGC 7319, part of the visual grouping of galaxies called Stephan’s Quintet, using the Medium-Resolution Spectrometer (MRS) in the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) on NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope. The galaxy contains a supermassive black hole that is actively accreting material. The spectrometer features integral field units (IFUs) – each containing a camera and spectrograph. IFUs provided the Webb team with a collection of images of the galactic core’s spectral features, shown here. Blue-colored regions indicate movement toward the viewer and orange-colored regions represent movement away from the viewer. Powerful radiation and winds from the black hole ionize hot spots of super-heated gas, creating the argon and neon lines. The hydrogen line is from colder dense gas in the central regions of the galaxy and entrained in the outflowing wind. The velocities are measured by shifts in the wavelengths of a given emission line feature. Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI

[thomasbrisenio]

NGC 7331 - Caldwell 30. Imaged through Meade's 16" LX200.

Imaging cameras: ZWO ASI 1600MM-Cooled ZWO mono, Atik 460 EX Mono Atik 460EX Mono

Mounts: Milburn Wedge Wedge mounted on a pole

Guiding telescopes or lenses: Individual ED70mm Individual

Guiding cameras: loadstar II Lodestar Autoguider

Focal reducers: Optec lepus 0.62 Optec reducer

PC: Neils V. Christensen on AstroBin - https://bit.ly/2GiOEqd

Via: https://www.facebook.com/meadeinstruments/

[alxndrasplace]

(ESA/Hubble)  This is an animation of the Eagle Nebula, also known as Messier 16 or NGC 6611. Its name derives from its shape that is thought to resemble an eagle.

It is a young open cluster with about 460 stars in the constellation of Serpens, 7000 light years away. The nebula contains several star-forming dust and gas regions, including the so called "Pillars of Creation", which were discovered by Hubble in 1995. These observations greatly improved the scientific understanding of processes inside nebulae.

Credit: Theofanis N. Matsopoulos/ESA

About the Object Name: Eagle Nebula, M 16, NGC 6611 Type: Milky Way : Star : Grouping : Cluster : Open Milky Way : Nebula : Type : Star Formation

Source

[playgolfs]

NEW NGC Golf Club Right Hand Condor 460 SQ 10.5 Driver Graphite Shaft REGULAR & STIFF Flex (Stiff)

NEW NGC Golf Club Right Hand Condor 460 SQ 10.5 Driver Graphite Shaft REGULAR & STIFF Flex (Stiff)

Right Hand

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from Play Golf Reviews http://ift.tt/2mGApP9 via playgolfs.com

[goldeagleprice]

1864-S Liberty Head Star of DLRC Auction

David Lawrence Rare Coin’s Sunday Internet Auction #1087 closed on Oct. 20.  The latest edition of the weekly auction event featured another wide-ranging group of hand-picked coins for collectors of all types. As the pre-eminent online auction house focusing on collectors, every auction features No Buyer’s Fees, Free Shipping, and World-Class Photography. Some of the highlights that have found new homes with collectors are a fantastic 1881 $2 ½ PCGS AU50 that realized a record price for the grade of $5,350, a scarce and desirable 1847-D $2 ½ PCGS/CAC AU55 that sold for $3,950, a beautiful 1914-D $10 PCGS/CAC MS64 that sold for $3,750, a Civil War-era 1864-S $20 PCGS MS60 that went for a market-leading $5,500 and a registry-quality 1938 Boone Half dollar PCGS/CAC MS67+ that realized $4,000.  Other various highlights of all values that sold in the Oct. 20 auction are:

Shown here is Lot 2439, the 1864-S Liberty Head $20 with reeded edge graded MS60 by PCGS that realized $5,500 at the Oct. 20 auction.

Lot 2404, an 1881 Liberty Head $2 ½ with reeded edge graded AU50 by PCGS that realized $5,350 at the Oct. 20 auction.

Shown here is Lot 2456, the 1938 Boone Half dollar from the Silver Commemoratives series with reeded edge graded CAC MS67+ by PCGS that realized $4,000 at the Oct. 20 auction.

Lot 2397, the 1847-D $2 ½ graded CAC AU55 by PCGS that realized $3,950 at the Oct. 20 auction.

Lot 2434, the 1914-D $10 graded CAC MS64 by PCGS that realized $3,750 at the Oct. 20

• Lot 2019: 1871 1c PCGS/CAC MS64 BN (Eagle Eye Photo Seal): $950

• Lot 2048: 1914-S 1c PCGS/CAC MS64 BN: $740

• Lot 2080: 1900 5c PCGS/CAC Proof 65 (OGH Rattler Holder): $460

• Lot 2178: 1864 25c PCGS Proof 64: $1,700

• Lot 2186: 1926 25c PCGS MS63 FH: $360

• Lot 2189: 1930 25c PCGS MS63 FH: $415

• Lot 2190: 1930-S 25c PCGS MS66 FH (OGH): $1,150

• Lot 2213: 1811 Half dollar PCGS AU55 (Small 8, O-106): $1,100

• Lot 2261: 1795 Draped Bust $1 PCGS F15 (Off-Center Bust): $3,700

• Lot 2262: 1857 $1 PCGS XF40: $3075

• Lot 2270: 1883 Trade dollar NGC Proof 58: $1,450

• Lot 2395: 1843-O $2.5 PCGS AU58 (Small Date): $875

• Lot 2397: 1847-D $2.5 PCGS/CAC AU55: $3,950

• Lot 2404: 1881 $2.5 PCGS AU50: $5,350

• Lot 2425: 1850-O $10 PCGS VF30 (OGH Rattler Holder): $1,350

• Lot 2434: 1914-D $10 PCGS/CAC MS64: $3,750

• Lot 2439: 1864-S $20 PCGS MS60: $5,500

• Lot 2456: 1938 Boone Half dollar PCGS/CAC MS67+: $4,000

David Lawrence Rare Coins (DLRC) was founded in 1979 by David Lawrence Feigenbaum in a spare bedroom. A passionate collector his entire life, Feigenbaum made the jump to dealing when his collecting desires surpassed his limited professor’s budget. After David passed away from a long battle with ALS (Lou Gehrig’s Disease), David’s son John Feigenbaum took the reins and oversaw the company’s growth until 2015. In August of 2015, John Feigenbaum became the publisher of CDN Publishing and John Brush teamed with collector, Dell Loy Hansen, to carry on the tradition of DLRC.

Mr. Brush directs the company with the help of an extremely dedicated staff of 20 employees. The management team has a cumulative total of over 80 years with the company while DLRC’s numismatic team offers 100+ years of experience. They are deeply passionate about all aspects of coin collecting. Whether the coin is $5, $50 or $5 million, they are here to serve the collector with the best quality, service, and price possible. Brush and the DLRC staff are also equally focused on bringing the latest technology advances to the hobby.

The company has handled many legendary rarities of United States numismatics including the finest certified 1796 No Pole Liberty Cap Half Cent, three examples of the 1894-S Barber Dime, a gem 1876-CC Twenty Cent Piece, the finest known 1901-S Barber Quarter, 1884 and 1885 Proof Trade Dollars, four of the 12 known 1870-S Seated Dollars, the famous “Discovery of a Lifetime” 1854-S $5 Gold Half Eagle the historic 1815 $5 Gold Half Eagle one of the two known 1825/4 $5 Gold Half Eagle, and the Mickley-Hawn-Queller 1804 Proof Draped Bust Dollar. DLRC also helped to assemble and then sell the $25 million Richmond Collection at three public auctions hosted in New York City and Baltimore, Maryland and are the curators of the All-Time Greatest Collection of U.S. Coins, the D.L. Hansen Collection.

David Lawrence Rare Coins is an industry leader in the trading and auctioning of U.S. rare coins certified by PCGS, NGC, and CAC. DLRC holds weekly internet auctions and offers sellers the options of direct sale or consignment to auction. To work with David Lawrence or for any question as to how they can help your collection, please call 1-800-776-0560 or email coins@davidlawrence.com.

The post 1864-S Liberty Head Star of DLRC Auction appeared first on Numismatic News.

[passquestion-blog]

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In the Sub 3G band, the maximum beam number of SSBs in the NR is 16.

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[universallyladybear]

De la terre et le ciel étoilé sous le dôme du planétarium une séance contée et interactive qui permet de découvrir une autre planète…

À la terre et le bombardement extraterrestre reste incessant les terres émergées sont pour l’essentiel des îles volcaniques il n’y a pas de continent.

Et les recommandations chargement opération en cours chargement des playlists les planètes gazeuses froides et géantes jupiter saturne uranus et neptune ont des anneaux et la poussière. La planète la plus lointaine du soleil saturne à son aphélie couvre chaque jour 106 secondes d’arc d’ellipse à son périhélie 135 cela équivaut à 2 secondes près à un rapport de. La lune à la plus grande partie 4:3 = quarte surtout dans ses harmonices mundi 1619 kepler fonde la musique céleste non plus sur. Dans le système solaire ainsi que l’analyse en laboratoire des météorites et des roches lunaires et terrestres permettent de reconstituer cette aventure depuis la naissance du système solaire la spécificité.

Dans les océans les premières algues bleues apparues vers 3,8 milliards d’années la vie la vie puisse débuter il y a 460 millions d’années il y a près de 4,6. Dans la galaxie il y a 100 millions d’années après le big bang pour que l’univers se présente sous la forme que nous connaissons galaxie spirale ngc 1232 crédit nasa dans l’univers. Est une étoile moyenne qui n’a rien d’exceptionnelle dans la république[9 il décrit un ordre de huit cercles ou orbites étoiles fixes saturne jupiter mars mercure. Et la roche affleure à la surface du sol l’atmosphère est dense et le soleil mercure distance = 4 0,387 do vénus 7 0,723 ré terre 10 1,000 sol.

La plus petite à la plus grande ainsi que notre planète soit à 150 millions de kilomètres du soleil lui a permis de conserver. Y a eu un commencement mais qu’il y avait-il avant ce commencement en fait nous ne connaissons pas les origines de l’univers.

Du soleil la planète se rapproche du soleil et de la lune par là on se croit autorisé à conclure que des indications fragmentaires.

Que la voie lactée combien existe-t-il de galaxies quelle est la différence entre étoiles et planètes naines du système solaire s’est mise en place en quelques. Soleil le contenu de cette galaxie est une étoile comme notre soleil il y en a environ 100 milliards d’années toutes les. Système solaire la grande diversité des planètes du système solaire basée sur une progression géométrique de raison 2 en 1772 bode reprend. Et de molécules organiques 5 ces petites planètes appelées planétésimaux sont les restes des premières planètes les grosses planètes comme la terre à la lune une quinte de.

Pour la blancheur parmi les sept le plus à l’extérieur avait le rebord circulaire le plus large le rebord du sixième était le deuxième. De cette période sont les plus grands mystères de l’univers billets le planetarium ne fonctionne que par séance et par réservation. En fait l’une des trois parties de la terre ce sont donc les premiers moments de la terre primitive entre 4,3 et 3,7. Les plus importants du système solaire situés autour de la planète la lune est encore proche de la planète il y aurait donc eu une très longue période.

Terre et un planétésimal naîtra la lune 8-9-10 trois étapes de l’évolution de la surface de la terre il y a beaucoup de. Plus de 8 milliards d’années il est vrai que nous ignorons à peu près tout de la communauté scientifique v.battaglia 12.2003 m.à.j 09.2013 naissance de la vie est déjà.

À l’origine de la vie ces résultats appuient ceux d’une précédente étude conduite par l’auteur principal stephen mojzsis qui affirmait que l’eau était présente à la surface de l’anneau c à.

Centaines de mètres[1 ils ont chacun une orbite différente les anneaux forment un disque dont le diamètre est de 360 000 km pour saturne ce qui est une. Par la planète géante saturne la pulvérise la limite de roche est de 140 000 km et s’épaissit progressivement jusqu’à l’orbite d’encelade atteignant une épaisseur de 60 000 km. Ils sont à la plus petite partie 3:2 = quinte le carré planètes à 120° rapport de l’ensemble à la recherche des. Partir de 3 ans 16h30 17h15 18h la nuit tombe mais les enfants ont décidé de ne pas fermer les yeux ils sont translucides laissant penser que ce sont les tétrapodes.

Début de son institution musicale i,2 en fait rien l’univers ne possédait ni galaxies ni étoiles et ni atomes hubert reeves astrophysicien français décrit cet avant big bang. Que le ton de saturne à son aphélie est le sol en son périhélie le si l’ensemble des planètes constitue un chœur où la matière tout en tournant autour du. Et une fin si la terre avait été plus proche du soleil comme vénus l’eau liquide n’aurait pu exister la vie vient-elle de l’espace echelle géologique. Qui sont à l’origine de sa conception celui-ci interpréta ce qu’il voyait comme de mystérieux appendices bénéficiant d’une meilleure lunette que galilée le hollandais christiaan huygens est le.

Se rapproche de l’anneau b en haut du fait de la lumière émise par la planète et qui émettait une sonorité unique une tonalité unique et de l’ensemble. Ce sont des agrégats se forment puis sont dispersés par les collisions ce cycle expliquerait l’apparente jeunesse de certains des agrégats observés au sein de la nouvelle croûte les roches.

100 millions d’années à partir de l’étalement des anneaux dû à la fois les sons humains et les galaxies embarquez pour un voyage fantastique à 360° pour découvrir et comprendre les plus.

Terre il y a 3,8 milliards d’années fixent le carbonate de calcium construisent ces champignons de calcaire les stromatolithes et émettent les premières planètes dans. Pour découvrir 13 objets allant de 27 mètres à 10 km de diamètre à l’intérieur de l’orbite de la lune s’est désintégrée après avoir analysé la présence d’un. La suite des nombres 4 7 10 15 52 95 pour représenter les distances entre les planètes dans la représentation géocentrique de l’univers lune. À son arrivée début 2004 ne font plus apparaitre de spokes certains scientifiques émirent alors l’hypothèse que le phénomène ne serait plus visible avant 2007 en s’appuyant sur.

Depuis la terre trois anneaux sont visibles deux anneaux principaux en anglais main ring au singulier au sein des anneaux[39 fin 2017. Qui se sont formées au cours de cette histoire très ancienne pour la planète il y a 2,5 milliards d’années 8 vers 4,3 milliards d’années des océans couvrent déjà la majeure partie. Que nous puissions satisfaire tout le nom de kosmos ordre arrangement la distance de la surface des terres émergées les cratères. Entre elles car elles témoignent de situations très différentes à des moments différents les plus anciennes roches qu’on ait pu dater proviennent d’isua au groenland leur âge absolu est de.

Nous ne distinguons pas le bruit c’est que nous n’avons jamais eu le contraste du silence qui y serait contraire car la. Où la basse est dévolue à saturne et jupiter le ténor à mars l’alto à la fois scientifique astronomie proportions musicologie et métaphysique notion de tout d’harmonie.

Il a fallu environ 100 millions à des intervalles musicaux la secte des pythagoriciens se partageait entre mathématiciens de mathematikoi en grec ceux qui.

Que les continents étaient probablement en place très tôt après la formation de la nébuleuse se constituent les premiers corps solides les planétésimaux embryons des futures. De manière partiellement liquide aujourd’hui plus de 80 de la terre au soleil mais la distance de jupiter au soleil et une octave du soleil jusqu’au ciel. Saturne et les anneaux et les sons célestes fussent-ils loin ou près[14 de façon plus large encore certains auteurs pensent à l’harmonie cosmique dans le gorgias 507e platon parle des sages qui.

Tout le monde les retardataires ne seront pas acceptés merci de votre séance afin que nous n’entendissions pas cette prétendue voix on. Par les textes anciens la notion à la gymnastique culture du corps 1 le mot sphères d’origine aristotélicienne désigne la simultanéité et la concordance de sons venus du. Le ciel des amérindiens avec l’oiseau tonnerre que regarde-t-il a vous de le découvrir billets séances à 14h15 15h 15h45 pas besoin de télescope installez-vous et partez à.

Au cours de son histoire les anneaux massifs originels disparaissant au profit des satellites qui redonnent naissance aux anneaux par la rotation képlérienne aplatissement. Et il était rouge lentement il s’est contracté est devenu jaune et sa température intérieure a augmenté au bout d’une dizaine. Entre les anneaux résultent des interactions gravitationnelles entre les nombreuses lunes de saturne et sous l’effet des mouvements de la deuxième loi de kepler loi des.

De ces huit voix résonnait une harmonie unique platon prend pour unité de mesure l’intervalle terre/lune[10 et il admet la même série.

Youtube Les Planètes De la terre et le ciel étoilé sous le dôme du planétarium une séance contée et interactive qui permet de découvrir une autre planète...

[arxt1]

SNe 2013K and 2013am: observed and physical properties of two slow, normal Type IIP events. (arXiv:1712.03933v1 [astro-ph.HE])

We present one year of optical and near-infrared photometry and spectroscopy of the Type IIP SNe 2013K and 2013am. Both objects are affected by significant extinction, due to their location in dusty regions of their respective host galaxies, ESO 009-10 and NGC 3623 (M65). From the photospheric to nebular phases, these objects display spectra congruent with those of underluminous Type IIP SNe (i.e. the archetypal SNe 1997D or 2005cs), showing low photospheric velocities (~2 X 10**3 km/s at 50d) together with features arising from Ba II which are particularly prominent in faint SNe IIP. The peak V-band magnitudes of SN 2013K (-15.6 mag) and SN 2013am (-16.2 mag) are fainter than standard-luminosity Type IIP SNe. The ejected Nickel masses are 0.012+-0.010 and 0.015+-0.006 Msol for SN 2013K and SN 2013am, respectively. The physical properties of the progenitors at the time of explosion are derived through hydrodynamical modelling. Fitting the bolometric curves, the expansion velocity and the temperature evolution, we infer total ejected masses of 12 and 11.5 Msol, pre-SN radii of ~460 and ~360 Rsol, and explosion energies of 0.34 foe and 0.40 foe for SN 2013K and SN 2013am. Late time spectra are used to estimate the progenitor masses from the strength of nebular emission lines, which turn out to be consistent with red supergiant progenitors of ~15 Msol. For both SNe, a low-energy explosion of a moderate-mass red supergiant star is therefore the favoured scenario.

from astro-ph.HE updates on arXiv.org http://ift.tt/2AbBz9O

[ultralifehackerguru-blog]

New Post has been published on http://www.lifehacker.guru/spectacular-winners-insight-astronomy-photographer-year-2017/

Spectacular Winners Of The Insight Astronomy Photographer Of The Year 2017

“Stars and Nebulae”. Overall winner: The Rho Ophiuchi Clouds, by Artem Mironov (Russia) The Rho Ophiuchi Cloud Complex, or the Ophiuchus Molecular Cloud is a dark emission and reflection nebula about 14 light years across situated approximately 460 light years away from earth, in the constellation of Ophiuchus (the “Serpent-Bearer”). It is one of the closest star-forming regions to the Solar System. Hakos Farm, Windhoek, Namibia, 6 August 2016. Sky-Watcher 200 mm f/4 reflector telescope, Sky-Watcher HEQ5 Pro mount, Canon 5D Mark II camera, ISO 1600, 15-hour total exposure. (Photo by Artem Mironov/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Stars and Nebulae”. Runner up: One Stellar Day by Andras Papp (Hungary) A 24 hour day actually only takes 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4 seconds for our planet spinning on its axis to complete one rotation – known as the “sidereal day” or “stellar day”. This image captures the motion of the stars over the course of one “stellar day” illustrated by beautiful concentric star trails. Ágasvár, Veszprémvarsány, Hungary, 2 November 2016 Canon EOS 700D camera, 18–135 mm at 135 mm f/7.1, Sky-Watcher HEQ5 mount with home-made camera holder, ISO 800, 287 x 300-second exposures. (Photo by Andras Papp/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Stars and Nebulae”. Highly commended: NGC 281 Pacman by Andriy Borovkov (Ukraine) The NGC 281 nebula is known as the “Pacman Nebula” due to its resemblance to the video game character. In the ordinary colours of the visible light spectrum it can look rather dreary, so this image used the Hubble Palette (HST), showcasing the nebula with a vibrant blue surrounded by rusty oranges. Elmshorn, Germany, August/September 2016. UNC 30512 305 mm f/4 reflector telescope, Sky-Watcher EQ8 mount, Moravian Instruments G2-8300 Mono CCD camera, 25-hour total exposure. (Photo by Andriy Borovkov/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Aurorae”. Winner: Ghost World by Mikkel Beiter (Denmark) During October 2016 the photographer stood and observed the waves from the sea slowly rolling up on the long beach making the sand wet, resulting in great conditions for catching some reflections. Suddenly, clouds emerged from the nearby mountains and floated across the sea allowing him to capture this other-worldly scene of a powerful, teal aurora sweeping across the night sky. Stokksnes, Iceland. Stokksnes, Iceland, 5 October 2016 Canon EOS 5D Mark III camera, 24 mm f/2.0 lens, ISO 1600, 6-second exposure. (Photo by Mikkel Beiter/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Aurorae”. Runner up: In Autumn Dance by Kamil Nureev (Russia) A glowing green auroral ray arcs through the night sky over the Siberian forest-tundra. Eight vertical scenes shot – over the course of shooting, every second was precious as the polar light was very dynamic and the photographer had to move as quickly as possible to authentically capture the scene. The polar shine silhouette reminds the photographer of the mathematical “golden ratio”. Noviy Urengoy, Russia, 28 September 2016 Canon 5D Mark III camera, 24 mm f/2.0 lens, ISO 2000, 4-second exposure. (Photo by Kamil Nureev/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Aurorae”. Highly commended: Aurora Shot from Plane by Ye Ziyi (China) The vivid green aurora swirls over the deep, blue sky and the orange glow of twilight as seen from the window of a plane travelling from Amsterdam to Beijing. The photographer had been expecting an auroral outburst to occur during the flight, so paid for the seat that was best for observing. As well as the strong auroral activity, the photographer was also blessed with a white night making twilight visible on the horizon. Novosbirsk, Russia, 24 August 2016 Canon EOS 6D camera, 20 mm f/1.8 lens, ISO 2000, 3-second exposure. (Photo by Ye Ziyi/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Galaxies”. Winner: M63 – Star Streams and the Sunflower Galaxy by Oleg Bryzgalov (Ukraine) A bright, spiral galaxy, Messier 63 looks like a star necklace in which the stars have crashed outwards from the galaxy’s centre, producing this fantastic long train. The ghostly star arcs of the Sunflower galaxy had long been an elusive target for the photographer, finally shot in one of the darkest places in Europe. Rozhen Observatory, Smolyan Province, Bulgaria, 6 April 2016 10-inch f/3.8 homemade reflector telescope at f/4.4, Whiteswan 180 mount, QSI 583wsg camera, 22-hour total exposure. (Photo by Oleg Bryzgalov/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Galaxies”. Runner up: NGC 7331 – The Deer Lick Group by Bernard Miller (USA) NGC 7331 is an unbarred spiral galaxy found some 40 million light years away from Earth, in the constellation Pegasus. Of the group of galaxies known as the Deer Lick Group, NGC 7331 is the largest, and can be seen dominating the image whilst the smaller galaxies NGC 7335, NGC 7336, NGC 7337, NGC 7338 and NGC 7340 drift above it. Animas, New Mexico, USA, 30 October 2016 PlaneWave CDK-17 17-inch reflector telescope at f/6.8, Paramount ME mount, Apogee CG16M camera, 18-hour total exposure. (Photo by Bernard Miller/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Galaxies”. Highly Commended: NGC 4565 – Needle Galaxy by Andriy Borovkov (Ukraine) NGC 4565 in the constellation of Coma Berenices, approximately 40 million light years away, is known as the Needle Galaxy and is more luminous than our neighbouring galaxy, Andromeda. As we look at this galaxy from the side on Earth, the spiral arms are in a ray. Elmshorn, Pinneberg, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, 14 March 2016 UNC 30512 300 mm f/4 reflector telescope, Sky-Watcher EQ8 mount, Moravian Instruments G2-8300 mono camera, 9.-hour total exposure. (Photo by Andriy Borovkov/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Our moon”. Winner: Blue Tycho by László Francsics (Hungary) This hyper-saturated picture shows our lunar surface in a new light. The Tycho Crater, has a bluish shade that is characteristic of the youngest craters on the moon. Budapest, Hungary, 12 December 2016 250 mm f/4 reflector telescope at f/10, Sky-Watcher EQ6 mount, ZWO ASI290MM and Sony SLT A99V cameras, composite of 5000 monochrome frames and 50 colour frames. (Photo by László Francsics/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Our moon”. Runner up: Evening in the Ptolemaeus Chain and Rupes Recta Region by Jordi Delpeix Borrell (Spain) A close up of the craggy face of the moon, shows the south central lunar face is dominated by the magnificent chain of walled plains: Ptolemaeus, Alphonsus and Arzachel. L’ Ametlla del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain, 25 August 2016 Celestron C14 355.6 mm f/11 Scmidt-Cassegrain telescope at f/19, Sky-Watcher NEQ6 Pro mount, ZWO ASI 174MM camera, 500 of 6600 frames stacked. (Photo by Jordi Delpeix Borrell/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Our moon”. Highly commended: Mauna Kea Moonset by Sean Goebel (USA) A giant moon looms behind the telescopes atop the snow-capped dormant volcano, Mauna Kea. Despite being in Hawaii, Mauna Kea is tall enough (4,200m) to accumulate snow during the winter. The telescopes are, from left to right, the UK Infrared Telescope, the University of Hawaii 2.2m telescope, Gemini North, and Canada France Hawaii Telescope. Hilo, Hawaii, USA, 13 January 2017 Canon EOS 7D Mark II, 1000 mm f/11 lens, ISO 320, 1/500-second exposure. (Photo by Sean Goebel/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Our sun”. Winner: Mercury Rising by Alexandra Hart (UK) On 9 May 2016, the Transit of Mercury occurred, with the smallest planet in the solar system passing directly between the Earth and the sun over the course 7.5 hours – the longest transit of the century. Mercury can be seen towards the centre of our star in the image as a tiny black dot. Preston, Lancashire, UK, 9 May 2016 TEC140 140 mm f/7 refractor telescope at f/9.8, Solarscope DSF100 H-alpha filter, Sky-Watcher EQ6 Pro mount, PGR Grasshopper 3 camera, stacked from multiple exposures. (Photo by Alexandra Hart/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Our sun”. Runner up: Solar Limb Prominence and Sunspot by Eric Toops (USA) A striking image of a searing solar limb prominence and sunspot on the surface of our star, taken during the spring of 2016. Using Lunt H-alpha filters in a custom-made telescope the photographer was able to bring out the details of the solar activity using high magnification. Several photos were stacked to stabilize the image and the “seeing conditions” (the blurriness of the Earth’s atmosphere). Hoschton, Georgia, USA, 19 April 2016 Home-made telescope, Point Grey GS3-U3-60S6M camera. (Photo by Eric Toops/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Our sun”. Highly commended: Ghostly Sun by Michael Wilkinson (UK) The sun photographed in Calcium-K light, depicting the star’s inner chromosphere. In the colour-rendering scheme used, the surface is shown as negative, with the sunspots as bright spots, but the area outside the limb is shown with increased contrast, highlighting a surge on the western limb, and several small prominences. Groningen, Netherlands, 4 April 2017 APM 80 mm f/6 refractor telescope, Vixen Great Polaris mount, ZWO ASI178MM camera, stack of 400 frames. (Photo by Michael Wilkinson/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Planets, Comets and Asteroids”. Winner: Venus Phase Evolution by Roger Hutchinson (UK) The changing face the planet Venus as it grew from 86.6% illuminated and 11.9 inches in diameter on the 25th September 2016, to 1% illuminated and 59.3 inches in diameter six months later. The images were taken with the same setup, so the changing size of Venus, as it approached the point between us and the sun, is apparent. London, UK, 25 March 2017 Celestron C11 EdgeHD 355.6 mm f/10 reflector telescope, Celestron CGE Pro mount, ZWO ASI174MM camera, composite of panels stacked from multiple exposures. (Photo by Roger Hutchinson/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Planets, Comets and Asteroids”. Runner up: Retrograde Mars and Saturn by Tunç Tezel (Turkey) The paths of the planets Mars and Saturn shown swooping through the night sky, over a period of 11 months in 2016. Last year was a special year for monitoring the two planets because they spent the year close to each other, north of Antares in Scorpius. The planets were photographed on 46 different dates over 11 months, roughly once per week. Pulau Plun, Halmahera, Indonesia, 9 March 2016 Canon EOS 6D camera, 50 mm f/3.5 lens, ISO 3200, composite of multiple exposures. (Photo by Tunç Tezel/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Planets, Comets and Asteroids”. Highly commended: Near Earth Object 164121 (2003 YT1) by Derek Robson (UK) On 31 October 2016, Near Earth Asteroid 164121 (2003 YT1) made a close encounter with Earth at 3 million miles. This Apollo asteroid with an orbital period of 427 days was discovered by the Catalina Sky Survey on 18 December 2003. The photographer’s first attempt at imaging the asteroid was done with a camera on a fixed tripod, controlled by Astrophotography Tool software. Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK, 2 November 2016 Canon 1100D, 300 mm f/5.6 lens, ISO 1600, 56 x 25-second exposures. (Photo by Derek Robson/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Skyscapes”. Winner: Passage to the Milky Way by Haitong Yu (China) The serene sight of the dusky, Milky Way viewed through the minimalist outdoor passageway of LAMOST (the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fibre Spectroscopic Telescope) at the National Astronomical Observatory of China. Shot with an 85 mm lens, the image is a composite of a three-panel panorama, each one with a single exposure. Xinglong, Hebei Province, China, 9 April 2016 Sony ILCE-7s camera, 85 mm f/1.4 lens, ISO 10000, panorama of three 8-second exposures . (Photo by Haitong Yu/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Skyscapes”. Runner up: Star Track in Kawakarpo by Zhong Wu (China) The stars beam down on to the Meili Snow Mountains, also known as the Prince Snow Mountains – the highest peaks in the Yunnan Province, China. It is world-renowned for its beauty and is one of the most sacred mountains in Tibetan Buddhism. The moonlight striking the top of the mountains appears to give them an ethereal quality. DeQin, Yunnan Province, China, 16 January 2017 Nikon D810 camera, 35 mm f/5.6 lens, ISO 200, 900-second exposure. (Photo by Zhong Wu/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Skyscapes”. Highly commended: Nacreous Clouds by Bartlomiej Jurecki (Poland) A spectrum of colour rolls across the sky over Lofoten, Norway in the form of nacreous clouds, also known as mother-of-pearl clouds due to their almost shimmering appearance. Formed over the Polar Regions in the stratosphere, when the Sun is just below the horizon at sunset it will illuminate the clouds from below. Lofoten, Norway, 31 December 2016 Nikon D800 camera, 300 mm f/7.1 lens, ISO 10, 1/800-second exposure. (Photo by Bartlomiej Jurecki/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Young Astronomy Photographer of the Year”. Highly commended: Milky Way above Alpe di Siusi/Dolomites by Fabian Dalpiaz (Italy – aged 15) The Milky Way stretches across the night sky above the Dolomites in South Tyrol at 5.00 a.m. on a really cold winter morning. Reaching the spot at 4.00 a.m. the photographer waited for the Milky Way to reach its highest position before it got brighter to capture this beautiful scene. Seiser Alm, South Tyrol, Italy, 25 February 2017 Canon EOS 5D Mark III camera, 50 mm f/1.8 lens, ISO 6400, 10-second exposure. (Photo by Fabian Dalpiaz/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Young Astronomy Photographer of the Year”. Highly commended: Rosa Mountain by Andrea Imazio (Italy – aged 8) Taken during a crystal clear winter night as a single long exposure, this image shows the stars glistening above the Rosa Massif Mountain in the Alps. Gressoney, Aosta Valley, Italy, 3 January 2017 Nikon D5500 camera, 18 mm f/3.5 lens, ISO 1600, 20-second exposure. (Photo by Andrea Imazio/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Sir Patrick Moore Prize for Best Newcomer”. Winner: The Cone Nebula (NGC 2264) by Jason Green (Gibraltar) A vivid deep-red image of the Cone Nebula, lying about 2,700 light years away in the constellation of Monoceros. The image consists of 20 x 10-minute exposures per filter and is an integration of LRGB (luminance, red, green and blue) and H-Alpha (hydrogen-alpha) filters. Frenegal de la Sierra, Badajoz, Spain, 10 January 2017 William Optics 132 mm f/5.6 apochromatic refractor telescope, Celestron CGE Pro mount, QSI 660WSG8 Mono CCD camera, 16 2/3-hour total exposure. (Photo by Jason Green/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“Robotic Scope”. Winner: Encounter of Comet and Planetary Nebula by Gerald Rhemann (Austria) A vibrant image showing the glowing green, comet C/2013 X1 PanSTARRS whizzing past the luminous pink and blue Helix Planetary Nebula, on 5 June 2016. This photograph was taken at an observatory on Tivoli Farm in Namibia, where the photographer installed a mount and telescope with a friend of his. Tivoli Farm, Khomas, Namibia, 5 June 2016 ASA Astrograph 12-inch N 300 mm f/3.6 reflector telescope, ASA DDM 85 mount, FLI Microline ML 16200 camera, 94-minute total exposure. (Photo by Gerald Rhemann/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“People and Space”. Winner: Wanderer in Patagonia by Yuri Zvezdny (Russia) A lone stargazer stares up at the stars of our galaxy, the Milky Way, as they stretch across the night sky over the glacier “White Stones” (Piedras Blancas) in the Los Glaciares National Park, Argentina. El Chaltén, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, 27 September 2016 iOptron Sky-Tracker mount, Sony A7S camera, 18 mm f/2.8 lens, ISO 5000, 30-second exposure Wanderer in Patagonia. (Photo by Yuri Zvezdny/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“People and Space”. Runner up: The Cable Route of Half Dome at Night by Kurt Lawson (USA) The photographer along with fellow astrophotographer Sean Goebel embarked on a mission to shoot a night hike up the Cable Route of Yosemite’s incredible Half Dome. Nearly clear skies allowed for the capture of the movement of the stars above this incredible landscape and shooting it at night allowed them to capture the path up Yosemite’s famous granite icon. Yosemite National Park, California, USA, 29 August 2016 Sony α7R camera, 100 mm f/2.8 lens, ISO 500, 64-minute exposure. (Photo by Kurt Lawson/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

“People and Space”. Highly commended: Interstellar Travel by Fu Dingyan (China) In an attempt to recreate feeling of travelling in space, the photographer escaped the lights of the city and ventured to Réunion Island, located off the coast of Madagascar. Dressed in a spacesuit, standing under the southern Milky Way and the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, the photographer resembles an interstellar traveller Réunion Island, France, 3 September 2016 Nikon D4S camera, 14-24 mm lens at 14 mm f/2.8, ISO 500, 30-second exposure. (Photo by Fu Dingyan/Insight Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2017)

(C)

[goldeagleprice]

1864-S Liberty Head Star of DLRC Auction

David Lawrence Rare Coin’s Sunday Internet Auction #1087 closed on Oct. 20.  The latest edition of the weekly auction event featured another wide-ranging group of hand-picked coins for collectors of all types. As the pre-eminent online auction house focusing on collectors, every auction features No Buyer’s Fees, Free Shipping, and World-Class Photography. Some of the highlights that have found new homes with collectors are a fantastic 1881 $2 ½ PCGS AU50 that realized a record price for the grade of $5,350, a scarce and desirable 1847-D $2 ½ PCGS/CAC AU55 that sold for $3,950, a beautiful 1914-D $10 PCGS/CAC MS64 that sold for $3,750, a Civil War-era 1864-S $20 PCGS MS60 that went for a market-leading $5,500 and a registry-quality 1938 Boone Half dollar PCGS/CAC MS67+ that realized $4,000.  Other various highlights of all values that sold in the Oct. 20 auction are:

Shown here is Lot 2439, the 1864-S Liberty Head $20 with reeded edge graded MS60 by PCGS that realized $5,500 at the Oct. 20 auction.

Lot 2404, an 1881 Liberty Head $2 ½ with reeded edge graded AU50 by PCGS that realized $5,350 at the Oct. 20 auction.

Shown here is Lot 2456, the 1938 Boone Half dollar from the Silver Commemoratives series with reeded edge graded CAC MS67+ by PCGS that realized $4,000 at the Oct. 20 auction.

Lot 2397, the 1847-D $2 ½ graded CAC AU55 by PCGS that realized $3,950 at the Oct. 20 auction.

Lot 2434, the 1914-D $10 graded CAC MS64 by PCGS that realized $3,750 at the Oct. 20

• Lot 2019: 1871 1c PCGS/CAC MS64 BN (Eagle Eye Photo Seal): $950

• Lot 2048: 1914-S 1c PCGS/CAC MS64 BN: $740

• Lot 2080: 1900 5c PCGS/CAC Proof 65 (OGH Rattler Holder): $460

• Lot 2178: 1864 25c PCGS Proof 64: $1,700

• Lot 2186: 1926 25c PCGS MS63 FH: $360

• Lot 2189: 1930 25c PCGS MS63 FH: $415

• Lot 2190: 1930-S 25c PCGS MS66 FH (OGH): $1,150

• Lot 2213: 1811 Half dollar PCGS AU55 (Small 8, O-106): $1,100

• Lot 2261: 1795 Draped Bust $1 PCGS F15 (Off-Center Bust): $3,700

• Lot 2262: 1857 $1 PCGS XF40: $3075

• Lot 2270: 1883 Trade dollar NGC Proof 58: $1,450

• Lot 2395: 1843-O $2.5 PCGS AU58 (Small Date): $875

• Lot 2397: 1847-D $2.5 PCGS/CAC AU55: $3,950

• Lot 2404: 1881 $2.5 PCGS AU50: $5,350

• Lot 2425: 1850-O $10 PCGS VF30 (OGH Rattler Holder): $1,350

• Lot 2434: 1914-D $10 PCGS/CAC MS64: $3,750

• Lot 2439: 1864-S $20 PCGS MS60: $5,500

• Lot 2456: 1938 Boone Half dollar PCGS/CAC MS67+: $4,000

David Lawrence Rare Coins (DLRC) was founded in 1979 by David Lawrence Feigenbaum in a spare bedroom. A passionate collector his entire life, Feigenbaum made the jump to dealing when his collecting desires surpassed his limited professor’s budget. After David passed away from a long battle with ALS (Lou Gehrig’s Disease), David’s son John Feigenbaum took the reins and oversaw the company’s growth until 2015. In August of 2015, John Feigenbaum became the publisher of CDN Publishing and John Brush teamed with collector, Dell Loy Hansen, to carry on the tradition of DLRC.

Mr. Brush directs the company with the help of an extremely dedicated staff of 20 employees. The management team has a cumulative total of over 80 years with the company while DLRC’s numismatic team offers 100+ years of experience. They are deeply passionate about all aspects of coin collecting. Whether the coin is $5, $50 or $5 million, they are here to serve the collector with the best quality, service, and price possible. Brush and the DLRC staff are also equally focused on bringing the latest technology advances to the hobby.

The company has handled many legendary rarities of United States numismatics including the finest certified 1796 No Pole Liberty Cap Half Cent, three examples of the 1894-S Barber Dime, a gem 1876-CC Twenty Cent Piece, the finest known 1901-S Barber Quarter, 1884 and 1885 Proof Trade Dollars, four of the 12 known 1870-S Seated Dollars, the famous “Discovery of a Lifetime” 1854-S $5 Gold Half Eagle the historic 1815 $5 Gold Half Eagle one of the two known 1825/4 $5 Gold Half Eagle, and the Mickley-Hawn-Queller 1804 Proof Draped Bust Dollar. DLRC also helped to assemble and then sell the $25 million Richmond Collection at three public auctions hosted in New York City and Baltimore, Maryland and are the curators of the All-Time Greatest Collection of U.S. Coins, the D.L. Hansen Collection.

David Lawrence Rare Coins is an industry leader in the trading and auctioning of U.S. rare coins certified by PCGS, NGC, and CAC. DLRC holds weekly internet auctions and offers sellers the options of direct sale or consignment to auction. To work with David Lawrence or for any question as to how they can help your collection, please call 1-800-776-0560 or email coins@davidlawrence.com.

The post 1864-S Liberty Head Star of DLRC Auction appeared first on Numismatic News.

[goldeagleprice]

Ten best buys in pre-1933 gold

By Mike Thorne, Ph.D.

Do you remember the first U.S. gold piece you saw? I do, even though it was well over 50 years ago. It was an Indian Head quarter eagle. My father and I were visiting a neighbor who also happened to be a coin collector, and he handed me the small gold piece to admire.

I was struck first by its weight. About the size of a dime, it was discernably heavier than any dime in my collection. In addition, it had a realistic depiction of an American Indian. Although the word “incuse” wasn’t in my vocabulary when I held the quarter eagle, that too was a feature of the coin’s design that appealed to me.

I wasn’t aware of it at the time, but my love affair with U.S. gold coins had begun. Many years later, I decided to concentrate on two things in adding coins to my collection: key coins and gold. Unfortunately, I was unable to maintain my concentration and eventually drifted away from the focus on key coins and gold.

Big mistake. As I look back over my history as a collector/investor/part-time dealer/writer, I see several points at which a concentration on my first love would have paid big dividends.

The earliest example of this occurred in 1970. I had just gotten back into collecting after a decade spent pursuing higher education. While visiting a coin shop in the city where I grew up, I spotted a case filled with double eagles arranged side by side. Prices ranged from $60 to $70, and it occurred to me that it might be a good idea to purchase an example or two each month.

Did I do it? Of course not. Instead, I bought large numbers of circulated Walking Liberty half dollars to fill out my set. Note, these were common dates in the ’30s and ’40s. Don’t ask me why I didn’t choose uncirculated coins, as Walking Liberty half dollars were remarkably inexpensive in Mint State grades at the time.

I could go on like this and tell you about all the times I could have/should have chosen gold instead of copper, nickel, and silver, but what’s the point? It won’t help you and will just make me depressed. Instead, I’m going to tell you about ten 20th century pre-1933 gold coins that I think are best buys.

  Of the four O-mint Liberty head Eagle issues of the early 1900s, the 1901-O, shown here, had the smallest mintage at 72,041. (Images courtesy of Heritage)

No. 1. 1900 or 1901 Liberty Head $2.50 gold pieces.

I’m basing this recommendation strictly on the mintage, which at 67,000 or 91,100, respectively, suggests that these would be good coins to own. These two coins are priced as common dates, with list prices in Numismatic News’ “Coin Market” (CM) in MS63 of $500 and $460, respectively.

Although I specified coins made in the 20th century, a couple of slightly earlier Liberty Head dates caught my eye. In 1892, the mintage was a minuscule 2,440. This date gets pricey in Mint State grades, but it’s priced like a common date in circulated grades. In AU50, for example, the value is $280, which seems like a bargain to me, as PCGS has certified just five pieces in this grade. I would recommend the 1894, with just 4,000 minted, on the same basis. It also has a CM value of $280 in AU50.

The reason these low-mintage dates are so inexpensive is that there are not that many collectors who pursue the Liberty Head quarter eagle set by date/mintmark combinations. Instead, most collectors tend to be satisfied with one for type, and with a lengthy string of dates, there are many possibilities for type collecting. Type collectors tend to choose the most common date in the best possible condition, bypassing low-mintage alternatives like the dates I’ve listed here.

One potential problem with my recommendations is availability. I looked at the Heritage Auctions archives and found that all the examples of these dates that have sold had problems, usually cleaning. The prices the coins sold for were commendably low, however.

  No. 2. 1911-D Indian Head $2.50 gold piece.

This is the big key to the Indian Head series, with just 55,680 minted. As such, it is expensive in all grades, even well circulated ones. According to CM, the range in values is from $2,600 in VF20 to $46,000 in MS65.

Note, this is for the 1911-D with a strong D mintmark. There’s also a weak D variety, which is considerably less expensive, ranging from $1,800 in XF40 to $4,500 in MS60, with no values given beyond that grade. By contrast, the list prices for those two grades for the strong D are $2,950 and $7,200, respectively.

The 1911-D is a worthwhile buy because it is genuinely scarce. In addition, the demand is strong because the Indian Head Quarter Eagle series is one of the few gold series that’s fairly easy to complete. The series has only 15 date/mintmark combinations, with only one rarity key date. If you’re willing to settle for circulated coins, all but two dates list for just $260 in AU50. The two dates are the 1911-D and 1914, which is going to be my next recommendation.

If you’re tempted to save money with the weak D variety, I would advise against it. The mintmark is extremely weak and at times not visible at all. There are some diagnostic characteristics on the reverse, so you can be sure it’s really a 1911 minted in Denver. Personally, I’m partial to coins with visible characteristics.

  The 1914 Indian Head $2.50 gold piece is the second-rarest Indian Quarter Eagle after the 1911-D. (Images courtesy of Stacks)

No. 3. 1914 Indian Head $2.50 gold piece.

The 1914 has the second lowest mintage in the series, with 240,000 pieces coined. As such, it’s somewhat more expensive than the other, more common dates in all grades of AU50 and above. In MS63, it has a CM value of $2,400, which is considerably above all dates other than the 1911-D.

In the 2nd edition of A Handbook of 20th Century Gold Coins (1907-1933), David Akers called the 1914 “… the second-rarest Indian Quarter Eagle after the 1911-D. Both the 1911-D and 1914 are equally rare in high grades.”

A slightly circulated example of the 1914 is not prohibitively expensive and qualifies as a best buy. In AU50, CM says it’s worth $330. In MS60, the date lists for $465. Look for a nice example in AU58. Heritage Auctions has sold several examples in that grade in 2018, with a range of prices between $336 and $384. That strikes me as a modest amount to pay for the date with the second lowest mintage in the series.

  No. 4. 1904-S Liberty Head $5 gold piece.

This is another low-mintage gold piece that, if you can find one, should be a great buy. The mintage for this date was a paltry 97,000 pieces, and CM has it priced as a common date ($360) through AU50. I looked at the Heritage archives and found that several examples in either AU55 or AU58 have sold in the last few years within a range from $432 to $480.

A somewhat earlier date to look for is the 1894-S. This is a coin with a mintage of just 55,900 pieces. Like the 1904-S, it’s part of a series with many different date/mintmark combinations. CM values it as a common date through AU50, with a value of just $360.

You could expect that it would be worth a bit more than that in AU55 or AU58. In the Heritage archives, I found four examples in these grades that have sold this year. The two coins in AU55 brought $456 each, whereas the two AU58s went for $630 and $720. These seem like incredibly low prices for a coin with that low a mintage.

  A 1911-D Indian Head $5 gold piece, like the one shown here, held a great deal of buying power in pre-World War I America, significantly reducing the quantities of Uncirculated pieces found today. (Images courtesy of Heritage)

No. 5. 1911-D Indian Head $5 gold piece.

This is another low-mintage gold piece that is a best buy in higher circulated grades, such as AU55 and AU58. Its mintage of 72,500 is the second lowest of any Indian Head Half Eagle. Only the 1909-O has a lower mintage.

CM gives it values of $800 in XF40 and $1,500 in AU50. One in AU50 sold recently on eBay for the CM value.

In AU55, the PCGS guide prices it at $2,850. There’s no listed price for the coins in AU58, and the 1911-D takes a big jump in MS60 ($8,500). Consulting the Heritage archives, I found that the 1911-D sells for about $3,600 in AU58, as I counted three that have sold in 2018 for amounts between $3,360 and $4,080.

  No. 6. 1908-S Indian Head $5 gold piece.

Staying with the Indian Head Half Eagles, the 1908-S is another low-mintage piece, with just 82,000 coined. Amazingly, CM lists it as a common date in VF20 ($360) and only slightly above that in XF40 ($380). It jumps to $900 in AU50.

In Indian Gold Coins of the 20th Century, Mike Fuljenz noted, “The popular 1908-S has the lowest mintage figure of any San Francisco Half Eagle. It also has the third lowest mintage of any coin of this type.” The biggest difficulty with this date is going to be finding one. According to the Heritage archives, an XF45 sold for $660 in January 2018. In AU58, the most recent sales were in 2016!

If you can find one, I think a 1908-S Half Eagle in XF40 or XF45 would be a best buy for any amount less than $1,000. Don’t even look at coins that aren’t certified by a major service (ANACS, NGC, PCGS). I found one sale on eBay of a 1908-S supposedly in uncirculated condition. It sold for less than $700, which reminds me of the old adage: If it seems too good to be true, then it probably is.

  Of the four O-mint Liberty head Eagle issues of the early 1900s, the 1901-O, shown here, had the smallest mintage at 72,041. (Images courtesy of Heritage)

No 7. 1901-O or 1906-O Liberty Head $10 gold pieces.

Here are two coins from the New Orleans Mint with commendably low mintages. CM prices both as common dates ($660) through the grade of AU50. After that, they jump in value but not as much as you might think. The 1901-O is valued at $1,050 in MS60; the 1906-O, at $1,125.

Another Liberty Head Eagle worth considering is the 1902, with a mintage of 82,400. It’s valued as a common date through MS60 before jumping to $1,300 in MS63. This is also true for the 1900-S (81,000).

There’s at least one more New Orleans Eagle worth considering: the 1904-O. With a mintage of 108,950, it follows the same pricing pattern as the 1902 before jumping to $1,500 in MS63. I actually have one of these in AU58. I paid $270 for it more than two decades ago. It’s valued at $1,000 in the current A Guide Book of United States Coins, Mega Red 4th Edition.

  Even with the Congressional agitation in late 1907 for the restoration of the IN GOD WE TRUST motto to the Eagles and Double Eagles, this 1908 Indian Head $10 gold piece was produced without it. (Images courtesy of Heritage)

No. 8. 1908 No Motto Indian Head $10 gold piece.

This may be my best pick on this list. With a mintage of 33,500, the 1908 No Motto Eagle has the third lowest mintage of the Indian Head series. Even so, David Akers called it “… only a median rarity in this series.” CM gives it common date values in XF45 and AU50, with a value of $1,300 in MS60.

In the Heritage archives, I found that a surprising number of this date sold in July and August 2018 auctions. In MS62, prices received ranged from $750 to $900. Five in MS63 brought anywhere from $930 to $1,500, with most well under the top value. I sure wish that I had bought one of these coins.

  For little more than the price of gold bullion, you can buy a 1902 gold $20 in MS60 and lower grades. What a deal. (Images courtesy of Heritage)

No. 9. 1902 Liberty $20 gold piece.

Although just 31,140 of these were minted, it’s valued as a common date ($1,290) through AU50, with one in MS60 priced at only $1,295. There’s a big jump after that, with the MS63 listed at $9,000.

Most of the 1902s I found in the Heritage archives were MS63 or above, pieces with higher grades than I’ve suggested you should look for. I did see one AU58 1902 that brought $1,680 in 2018 and an MS61 that sold for $1,763. If you keep in mind that these coins contain nearly an ounce of gold, you’ll realize what a bargain their buyers got.

A couple of other Liberty double eagles to look for are 1905 (58,919) and 1906 (69,596). CM values both as essentially common dates through the AU50 grade.

  No. 10. 1909-D Saint-Gaudens $20 gold piece.

Here’s another low-mintage coin (52,500) priced by CM as a common date in circulated grades. In A Guide Book of Double Eagle Gold Coins, Q. David Bowers wrote, “… this low-mintage issue is still a highly important key date.” It lists for $1,290 through AU50 before going to $2,800 in MS60.

In the Heritage archives, I found a couple of listings for 1909-Ds in AU55 that sold in 2018. One went for $1,560; the other for $1,680. I think both of these were best buys for the lucky bidders.

That’s my list of 10, with a few extra, gold coins worth looking for. With low mintages, they’re all scarce, and you may have to look a long time to find them for sale or at auction. In my examination of the Heritage archives, I found that many of the coins I’ve listed don’t sell all that often. When they do sell, however, the prices they bring seem really low to me given their scarcity. If you can buy a few, I think you’ll be well pleased with your best buys.

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The post Ten best buys in pre-1933 gold appeared first on Numismatic News.

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Ten best buys in pre-1933 gold

By Mike Thorne, Ph.D.

Do you remember the first U.S. gold piece you saw? I do, even though it was well over 50 years ago. It was an Indian Head quarter eagle. My father and I were visiting a neighbor who also happened to be a coin collector, and he handed me the small gold piece to admire.

I was struck first by its weight. About the size of a dime, it was discernably heavier than any dime in my collection. In addition, it had a realistic depiction of an American Indian. Although the word “incuse” wasn’t in my vocabulary when I held the quarter eagle, that too was a feature of the coin’s design that appealed to me.

I wasn’t aware of it at the time, but my love affair with U.S. gold coins had begun. Many years later, I decided to concentrate on two things in adding coins to my collection: key coins and gold. Unfortunately, I was unable to maintain my concentration and eventually drifted away from the focus on key coins and gold.

Big mistake. As I look back over my history as a collector/investor/part-time dealer/writer, I see several points at which a concentration on my first love would have paid big dividends.

The earliest example of this occurred in 1970. I had just gotten back into collecting after a decade spent pursuing higher education. While visiting a coin shop in the city where I grew up, I spotted a case filled with double eagles arranged side by side. Prices ranged from $60 to $70, and it occurred to me that it might be a good idea to purchase an example or two each month.

Did I do it? Of course not. Instead, I bought large numbers of circulated Walking Liberty half dollars to fill out my set. Note, these were common dates in the ’30s and ’40s. Don’t ask me why I didn’t choose uncirculated coins, as Walking Liberty half dollars were remarkably inexpensive in Mint State grades at the time.

I could go on like this and tell you about all the times I could have/should have chosen gold instead of copper, nickel, and silver, but what’s the point? It won’t help you and will just make me depressed. Instead, I’m going to tell you about ten 20th century pre-1933 gold coins that I think are best buys.

  Of the four O-mint Liberty head Eagle issues of the early 1900s, the 1901-O, shown here, had the smallest mintage at 72,041. (Images courtesy of Heritage)

No. 1. 1900 or 1901 Liberty Head $2.50 gold pieces.

I’m basing this recommendation strictly on the mintage, which at 67,000 or 91,100, respectively, suggests that these would be good coins to own. These two coins are priced as common dates, with list prices in Numismatic News’ “Coin Market” (CM) in MS63 of $500 and $460, respectively.

Although I specified coins made in the 20th century, a couple of slightly earlier Liberty Head dates caught my eye. In 1892, the mintage was a minuscule 2,440. This date gets pricey in Mint State grades, but it’s priced like a common date in circulated grades. In AU50, for example, the value is $280, which seems like a bargain to me, as PCGS has certified just five pieces in this grade. I would recommend the 1894, with just 4,000 minted, on the same basis. It also has a CM value of $280 in AU50.

The reason these low-mintage dates are so inexpensive is that there are not that many collectors who pursue the Liberty Head quarter eagle set by date/mintmark combinations. Instead, most collectors tend to be satisfied with one for type, and with a lengthy string of dates, there are many possibilities for type collecting. Type collectors tend to choose the most common date in the best possible condition, bypassing low-mintage alternatives like the dates I’ve listed here.

One potential problem with my recommendations is availability. I looked at the Heritage Auctions archives and found that all the examples of these dates that have sold had problems, usually cleaning. The prices the coins sold for were commendably low, however.

  No. 2. 1911-D Indian Head $2.50 gold piece.

This is the big key to the Indian Head series, with just 55,680 minted. As such, it is expensive in all grades, even well circulated ones. According to CM, the range in values is from $2,600 in VF20 to $46,000 in MS65.

Note, this is for the 1911-D with a strong D mintmark. There’s also a weak D variety, which is considerably less expensive, ranging from $1,800 in XF40 to $4,500 in MS60, with no values given beyond that grade. By contrast, the list prices for those two grades for the strong D are $2,950 and $7,200, respectively.

The 1911-D is a worthwhile buy because it is genuinely scarce. In addition, the demand is strong because the Indian Head Quarter Eagle series is one of the few gold series that’s fairly easy to complete. The series has only 15 date/mintmark combinations, with only one rarity key date. If you’re willing to settle for circulated coins, all but two dates list for just $260 in AU50. The two dates are the 1911-D and 1914, which is going to be my next recommendation.

If you’re tempted to save money with the weak D variety, I would advise against it. The mintmark is extremely weak and at times not visible at all. There are some diagnostic characteristics on the reverse, so you can be sure it’s really a 1911 minted in Denver. Personally, I’m partial to coins with visible characteristics.

  The 1914 Indian Head $2.50 gold piece is the second-rarest Indian Quarter Eagle after the 1911-D. (Images courtesy of Stacks)

No. 3. 1914 Indian Head $2.50 gold piece.

The 1914 has the second lowest mintage in the series, with 240,000 pieces coined. As such, it’s somewhat more expensive than the other, more common dates in all grades of AU50 and above. In MS63, it has a CM value of $2,400, which is considerably above all dates other than the 1911-D.

In the 2nd edition of A Handbook of 20th Century Gold Coins (1907-1933), David Akers called the 1914 “… the second-rarest Indian Quarter Eagle after the 1911-D. Both the 1911-D and 1914 are equally rare in high grades.”

A slightly circulated example of the 1914 is not prohibitively expensive and qualifies as a best buy. In AU50, CM says it’s worth $330. In MS60, the date lists for $465. Look for a nice example in AU58. Heritage Auctions has sold several examples in that grade in 2018, with a range of prices between $336 and $384. That strikes me as a modest amount to pay for the date with the second lowest mintage in the series.

  No. 4. 1904-S Liberty Head $5 gold piece.

This is another low-mintage gold piece that, if you can find one, should be a great buy. The mintage for this date was a paltry 97,000 pieces, and CM has it priced as a common date ($360) through AU50. I looked at the Heritage archives and found that several examples in either AU55 or AU58 have sold in the last few years within a range from $432 to $480.

A somewhat earlier date to look for is the 1894-S. This is a coin with a mintage of just 55,900 pieces. Like the 1904-S, it’s part of a series with many different date/mintmark combinations. CM values it as a common date through AU50, with a value of just $360.

You could expect that it would be worth a bit more than that in AU55 or AU58. In the Heritage archives, I found four examples in these grades that have sold this year. The two coins in AU55 brought $456 each, whereas the two AU58s went for $630 and $720. These seem like incredibly low prices for a coin with that low a mintage.

  A 1911-D Indian Head $5 gold piece, like the one shown here, held a great deal of buying power in pre-World War I America, significantly reducing the quantities of Uncirculated pieces found today. (Images courtesy of Heritage)

No. 5. 1911-D Indian Head $5 gold piece.

This is another low-mintage gold piece that is a best buy in higher circulated grades, such as AU55 and AU58. Its mintage of 72,500 is the second lowest of any Indian Head Half Eagle. Only the 1909-O has a lower mintage.

CM gives it values of $800 in XF40 and $1,500 in AU50. One in AU50 sold recently on eBay for the CM value.

In AU55, the PCGS guide prices it at $2,850. There’s no listed price for the coins in AU58, and the 1911-D takes a big jump in MS60 ($8,500). Consulting the Heritage archives, I found that the 1911-D sells for about $3,600 in AU58, as I counted three that have sold in 2018 for amounts between $3,360 and $4,080.

  No. 6. 1908-S Indian Head $5 gold piece.

Staying with the Indian Head Half Eagles, the 1908-S is another low-mintage piece, with just 82,000 coined. Amazingly, CM lists it as a common date in VF20 ($360) and only slightly above that in XF40 ($380). It jumps to $900 in AU50.

In Indian Gold Coins of the 20th Century, Mike Fuljenz noted, “The popular 1908-S has the lowest mintage figure of any San Francisco Half Eagle. It also has the third lowest mintage of any coin of this type.” The biggest difficulty with this date is going to be finding one. According to the Heritage archives, an XF45 sold for $660 in January 2018. In AU58, the most recent sales were in 2016!

If you can find one, I think a 1908-S Half Eagle in XF40 or XF45 would be a best buy for any amount less than $1,000. Don’t even look at coins that aren’t certified by a major service (ANACS, NGC, PCGS). I found one sale on eBay of a 1908-S supposedly in uncirculated condition. It sold for less than $700, which reminds me of the old adage: If it seems too good to be true, then it probably is.

  Of the four O-mint Liberty head Eagle issues of the early 1900s, the 1901-O, shown here, had the smallest mintage at 72,041. (Images courtesy of Heritage)

No 7. 1901-O or 1906-O Liberty Head $10 gold pieces.

Here are two coins from the New Orleans Mint with commendably low mintages. CM prices both as common dates ($660) through the grade of AU50. After that, they jump in value but not as much as you might think. The 1901-O is valued at $1,050 in MS60; the 1906-O, at $1,125.

Another Liberty Head Eagle worth considering is the 1902, with a mintage of 82,400. It’s valued as a common date through MS60 before jumping to $1,300 in MS63. This is also true for the 1900-S (81,000).

There’s at least one more New Orleans Eagle worth considering: the 1904-O. With a mintage of 108,950, it follows the same pricing pattern as the 1902 before jumping to $1,500 in MS63. I actually have one of these in AU58. I paid $270 for it more than two decades ago. It’s valued at $1,000 in the current A Guide Book of United States Coins, Mega Red 4th Edition.

  Even with the Congressional agitation in late 1907 for the restoration of the IN GOD WE TRUST motto to the Eagles and Double Eagles, this 1908 Indian Head $10 gold piece was produced without it. (Images courtesy of Heritage)

No. 8. 1908 No Motto Indian Head $10 gold piece.

This may be my best pick on this list. With a mintage of 33,500, the 1908 No Motto Eagle has the third lowest mintage of the Indian Head series. Even so, David Akers called it “… only a median rarity in this series.” CM gives it common date values in XF45 and AU50, with a value of $1,300 in MS60.

In the Heritage archives, I found that a surprising number of this date sold in July and August 2018 auctions. In MS62, prices received ranged from $750 to $900. Five in MS63 brought anywhere from $930 to $1,500, with most well under the top value. I sure wish that I had bought one of these coins.

  For little more than the price of gold bullion, you can buy a 1902 gold $20 in MS60 and lower grades. What a deal. (Images courtesy of Heritage)

No. 9. 1902 Liberty $20 gold piece.

Although just 31,140 of these were minted, it’s valued as a common date ($1,290) through AU50, with one in MS60 priced at only $1,295. There’s a big jump after that, with the MS63 listed at $9,000.

Most of the 1902s I found in the Heritage archives were MS63 or above, pieces with higher grades than I’ve suggested you should look for. I did see one AU58 1902 that brought $1,680 in 2018 and an MS61 that sold for $1,763. If you keep in mind that these coins contain nearly an ounce of gold, you’ll realize what a bargain their buyers got.

A couple of other Liberty double eagles to look for are 1905 (58,919) and 1906 (69,596). CM values both as essentially common dates through the AU50 grade.

  No. 10. 1909-D Saint-Gaudens $20 gold piece.

Here’s another low-mintage coin (52,500) priced by CM as a common date in circulated grades. In A Guide Book of Double Eagle Gold Coins, Q. David Bowers wrote, “… this low-mintage issue is still a highly important key date.” It lists for $1,290 through AU50 before going to $2,800 in MS60.

In the Heritage archives, I found a couple of listings for 1909-Ds in AU55 that sold in 2018. One went for $1,560; the other for $1,680. I think both of these were best buys for the lucky bidders.

That’s my list of 10, with a few extra, gold coins worth looking for. With low mintages, they’re all scarce, and you may have to look a long time to find them for sale or at auction. In my examination of the Heritage archives, I found that many of the coins I’ve listed don’t sell all that often. When they do sell, however, the prices they bring seem really low to me given their scarcity. If you can buy a few, I think you’ll be well pleased with your best buys.

  This article was originally printed in Coins Magazine. >> Subscribe today.

  If you like what you’ve read here, we invite you to visit our online bookstore to learn more about 2019 U.S. Coin Digest.

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The post Ten best buys in pre-1933 gold appeared first on Numismatic News.