Five years ago, on this very date, about a hundred and fifty students went to school. Young souls, with their futures ahead of them, with not a care in the world, save for their studies.
No one knew, no one could have guessed that these 150 children would never get to go home.
That they would never see their families again.
That their lives would come to an end so abruptly.
On the 16th of December, 2014, terrorists stormed the school. Army Public School, Peshawar, Pakistan, wasn't a hub of learning that day.
It was the site of a massacre which was to shake the whole world.
These terrorists, they wanted revenge for the operation being carried against them by the country. So they took it out on the kids. The students were congregated in a hall.
These vile animals, they forced their way in.
And opened fire at the audience.
Oh, but they didn't stop there.
Around 150 children died that day. Around 115 were injured. Teachers were also killed. The principal of the school was said to have been martyred trying to save her pupils.
The entire world was watching this on their TV screens; the sirens blaring, the parents crying, the children wailing, the reporters struggling to contain their tears.
And even after 5 years, my heart still burns with rage. I'm still just as heartbroken, and I still cry. This happened hundreds of miles away, yet I feel as if I was there, witnessing it all.
Please remember these innocent souls in your prayers
16 December 2014
APS PESHAWAR ATTACK
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Some ‘I Am Malala’ Cheat Notes
Characters:
Malala
The author of this memoir, a young Pashtun woman who grew up in Swat Valley, Pakistan. She went to school throughout her entire childhood, and because of her father's example, she became famous for speaking out in favor of girls' education. When she was fifteen years old, the Taliban shot Malala in response to her activism.
Ziauddin
Malala's father, whose dream growing up was to start a school. He founded the Kushal School, which Malala attended throughout her childhood, and he was a constant advocate for education. Though daughters are typically less prized than sons, Ziauddin loved Malala from the moment she was born.
Tor Pekai
Malala's mother, who follows the Muslim code of purdah for women. She loves Malala fiercely and serves as a role model for her. Tor Pekai did not go to school, having sold her books for candy after the first day because she was jealous of her friends who got to stay home.
Kushal
Malala's middle brother, who is two years younger than her.
Atal
Malala's youngest brother, who is five years younger than Kushal.
Malalai of Maiwand
The Pashtun heroine who was Malala's namesake. She is famous for using her courage to inspire her people to fight against the British army and win the battle.
Rohul Amin
Malala's grandfather, whom she calls Baba. He studied in India and became a great speaker, and Malala's father spent his childhood attempting to impress him.
General Zia
A military general who took power in Pakistan in 1977. He is famous for encouraging the Islamization of Pakistan, and under him Pakistan became an ally of the United States.
Mohammad Naeem Khan
Malala's father's friend, and the man who originally set out to start a school with him.
Hidayatullah
Another of Malala's father's friends, who played a much larger role in co-founding the Kushal School after Naeem left.
Benazir Bhutto
The first female head-of-state in the Islamic world, who took power in Pakistan after General Zia died. She was a profound role model for Malala.
Moniba
Malala's best friend throughout her childhood, who attends school with her and provides competition for best in the class. Moniba and Malala continue to keep in touch after Malala leaves Pakistan.
General Musharraf
Musharraf took power in Pakistan a few years after Malala's birth, becoming Pakistan's fourth military leader.
The Mufti
An Islamic scholar who attempted to close the Kushal School because it educated girls.
Jinnah
The founder of Pakistan, who set out to make it a land of religious tolerance. He was laid to rest in a mausoleum in Karachi.
Fazlullah
The leader of the branch of the Taliban that took over Swat Valley.
Nawab Ali
An Urdu teacher at Malala's school who refused to teach them anymore after the Taliban began to take over.
Madam Maryam
The principal at Malala's school, who is like a second mother figure to Malala and the other girls at the Kushal School.
Malka-e-Noor
The girl who repeatedly challenges Malala for the top spot in the class.
Safina
The neighbor girl who steals Malala's favorite toy. Malala steals from her as payback, but gets caught, thereby realizing that it is better to be honest.
Abdul Hai Kakar
The BBC correspondent who seeks out Malala to write the diary of Gul Makai about life living under the Taliban.
Irfan Ashraf
The Pakistani journalist who assists in filming a documentary about Malala's family life under the Taliban.
Adam Ellick
An American video journalist who assists in filming a documentary about Malala's family life under the Taliban.
Shiza Shahid
An Islamabad native who went to study at Stanford University. She contacts the Yousafzai family after seeing the documentary about them and becomes one of their supporters, along with a role model for Malala.
Dr. Afzal
Malala's father's friend, who transports them out of Swat when they escape and become IDPs for three months.
General Abbas
The chief spokesman for the Pakistani army, who sends Malala's father money to pay his teachers' salaries after three months as IDPs.
Zahid Khan
A friend of Malala's father who was shot in the face by the Taliban shortly before Malala was shot.
Usman Bhai Jan
The bus driver, who is driving when the Taliban pulls the bus over and shoots Malala.
Dr. Javid Kayani
One of the British doctors who come to Peshawar to assess Malala.
Dr. Fiona Reynolds
The other of the British doctors who assesses Malala in Peshawar. She works at a children's hospital in Birmingham, and stays at Malala's side as she is airlifted to the UK from Pakistan.
Rehenna
The hospital's Muslim chaplain, who helps to ease Malala's transition into this new culture.
Atuallah Khan
The man who shot Malala.
Asif Zardari
The President of Pakistan, who comes to visit Malala while she is in the hospital in Birmingham.
Quotes:
"Who is Malala? I am Malala, and this is my story."
Malala ends the memoir's short prologue by echoing the question that the Taliban militant asked before shooting her in the face. In these pages she finally gets the chance to answer the question, which she did not have when it happened. She claims her name and her identity, in spite of the Taliban attempting to silence her.
"I am Malala. My world has changed but I have not."
Malala ends her memoir almost the same way that she started it, answering the question that came to define her life when the Taliban asked for her in the back of the bus. She once again lays claim to her identity, and acknowledges that even though she leads an entirely different life now, she still maintains the values, principles, and goals that she has nurtured throughout her entire life.
Symbols:
Malala's Schoolbooks
When Malala and her family leave Swat and become IDPs, Malala repeatedly wonders whether or not her schoolbooks will be safe and when she will be able to study them. For Malala, her schoolbooks represent the education she has received and the education she hopes to receive in the future. They are a source of hope that she will be able to accomplish her goal of promoting schooling for all girls, not only those as lucky as she is.
The Almonds
After Malala gets in trouble for stealing a neighbor girl's toys, she relays a story about a time when she was younger and ate some almonds in the bazaar that her mother could not pay for. When her father found out, he went and bought all of the almonds. She says they became a reminder of guilt, but they are also a reminder to remain honest. The memory of these almonds is one of the things that keep Malala believing that honesty is the best policy.
The Burqa
The burqa, which is a full-body garment covering even the face, is a symbol of the Taliban's oppression of women. Though Muslim women cover their heads for many reasons, a face covering obscures the identity of a woman, which is part of what the Taliban seeks to do. Over the course of Taliban occupation of Pakistan, women in burqas become a prominent symbol of the Taliban.
The Schoolbus
The school bus on which Malala and two other girls were shot becomes a symbol of the tragedy later on. Malala includes a picture of the bus among the photos of her life that she adds in at the end of the memoir; the picture shows the bloodstains that still remain. This bus was meant to be a safe space, but, as with many other safe spaces in Swat, the Taliban corrupted it.
The Buddhas
Swat Valley's ancient Buddha statues, left from when Buddhism moved through the valley, are prominent symbols of Swat's rich history and, most importantly, the region's tolerance of faiths other than Islam. When the Taliban destroy these Buddha statues, they send the message that they will not tolerate any beliefs other than Islam, and that they are eager to erase the past.
Similes and Metaphors:
"It seemed to us that the Taliban had arrived in the night just like vampires." (Chapter 9, Simile)
Malala and Moniba both read Twilight, a famous book series by Stephenie Meyer about vampires. They compare the approaching Taliban to vampires, slinking through the night and arriving unexpectedly. This is an important simile because it emphasizes the degree to which the people of Swat were caught off-guard when the Taliban began to occupy their formerly peaceful valley.
"For us girls that doorway was like a magical entrance to our own special world." (Prologue, Simile)
In this simile, Malala speaks about the entrance to the Kushal School, and how magical it felt growing up and spending every day going through these doors. For Malala, school was a sanctuary, a place where she and her friends could be themselves and focus solely on receiving an education. Even during their occupation of Swat, the Taliban could not take away their indescribable love for attending school.
Irony:
Malala vs. her father (Dramatic Irony)
Malala's family constantly fears that Ziauddin, Malala's father, will be the one targeted by the Taliban because of they way he speaks out against them. No one thinks for a second that even the Taliban is cruel enough to target Malala. It is thus ironic it is Malala whom they try to kill.
Malala's Father's Stutter (Situational Irony)
Despite the stutter that has impaired his speech throughout his life, Malala's father ironically devotes his life to public speaking, voicing his thoughts and rallying people to his side to stand against the Taliban. It is ironic that a man who loves poetry, words, and speaking would be cursed with such an impediment.
The Taliban and Islam (Situational Irony)
Malala and many other Muslims believe that Islam is a peaceful religion, one that respects and values women and encourages tolerance and acceptance. It is ironic, then, that the Taliban claims to be fighting in the name of Islam, and yet goes against all of these accepted Islamic values.
Literary Elements:
Genre
Memoir
Setting and Context
Swat Valley, Pakistan, from 1997 to 2013
Narrator and Point of View
Malala Yousafzai, a girl growing up in Pakistan under the Taliban’s control, narrates the memoir in first-person past tense.
Tone and Mood
The first part of the memoir, when Malala is living happily in Swat, attending school and remaining at the top of her class, has a much more lighthearted tone. The tone and mood darken once the Taliban arrive to Swat Valley in 2007, and becomes much more urgent as Malala and her father step up as activists.
Protagonist and Antagonist
Malala is the protagonist, while the Taliban—an oppressive Islamic fundamentalist organization that occupied Swat Valley during her adolescence—is the antagonist.
Major Conflict
Though there are many struggles that accompany daily life in Swat, the primary conflict is over the Taliban's occupation of Swat. The Taliban have banned girls' education, something Malala believes is invaluable. Not only does Malala want to continue going to school, but she wants all other girls to receive an education as well, and throughout the memoir she stands up against the Taliban to promote this.
Climax
The climax of the memoir occurs when a Taliban officer boards Malala's school bus, asks for her by name, and then shoots her in the face.
Foreshadowing
Malala narrates this memoir in retrospect, so there are many instances where she hints at what is going to happen. A notable instance of foreshadowing occurs at the end of Chapter 23, when Malala finishes the chapter about her hospitalization in Birmingham by saying, "I didn't realize then I wouldn't be going home" (pg. 143).
Allusions
Malala repeatedly alludes to Twilight, the famous book series about vampires by Stephenie Meyer. When the Taliban comes to Swat Valley, she says, "It seemed to us that the Taliban arrived in the night just like vampires" (pg. 60).
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