#Production of Fresh Water 💧💦

[xtruss]

Window-Sized Device Taps The Air For Safe Drinking Water

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Engineers Developed An Atmospheric Water Harvester That Produces Fresh Water Anywhere — Even Death Valley, California.

— Jennifer Chu | MIT News | Date: June 11, 2025

A close-up of a new origami-inspired hydrogel material, designed by MIT Engineers, that swells to absorb water from the air. When water condenses out of the material to be collected, the individual hydrogel spheres shrink back down to capture more moisture. Credit: Courtesy of the Researchers

Today, 2.2 billion people in the world lack access to safe drinking water. In the United States, more than 46 million people experience water insecurity, living with either no running water or water that is unsafe to drink. The increasing need for drinking water is stretching traditional resources such as rivers, lakes, and reservoirs.

To improve access to safe and affordable drinking water, MIT engineers are tapping into an unconventional source: the air. The Earth’s atmosphere contains millions of billions of gallons of water in the form of vapor. If this vapor can be efficiently captured and condensed, it could supply clean drinking water in places where traditional water resources are inaccessible.

With that goal in mind, the MIT team has developed and tested a new atmospheric water harvester and shown that it efficiently captures water vapor and produces safe drinking water across a range of relative humidities, including dry desert air.

The new device is a black, window-sized vertical panel, made from a water-absorbent hydrogel material, enclosed in a glass chamber coated with a cooling layer. The hydrogel resembles black bubble wrap, with small dome-shaped structures that swell when the hydrogel soaks up water vapor. When the captured vapor evaporates, the domes shrink back down in an origami-like transformation. The evaporated vapor then condenses on the the glass, where it can flow down and out through a tube, as clean and drinkable water.

MIT Engineers test a passive water harvester in Death Valley, California. The window-sized setup is made from an origami-inspired hydrogel material (black) that absorbs water from the air, and releases it into tubes where researchers can collect the moisture as pure drinking water. Credit: Courtesy of the Researchers; MIT News

The system runs entirely on its own, without a power source, unlike other designs that require batteries, solar panels, or electricity from the grid. The team ran the device for over a week in Death Valley, California — the driest region in North America. Even in very low-humidity conditions, the device squeezed drinking water from the air at rates of up to 160 milliliters (about two-thirds of a cup) per day.

The team estimates that multiple vertical panels, set up in a small array, could passively supply a household with drinking water, even in arid desert environments. What’s more, the system’s water production should increase with humidity, supplying drinking water in temperate and tropical climates.

“We have built a meter-scale device that we hope to deploy in resource-limited regions, where even a solar cell is not very accessible,” says Xuanhe Zhao, the Uncas and Helen Whitaker Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Civil and Environmental Engineering at MIT. “It’s a test of feasibility in scaling up this water harvesting technology. Now people can build it even larger, or make it into parallel panels, to supply drinking water to people and achieve real impact.”

Zhao and his colleagues present the details of the new water harvesting design in a paper appearing today in the journal Nature Water. The study’s lead author is former MIT postdoc “Will” Chang Liu, who is currently an assistant professor at the National University of Singapore (NUS). MIT co-authors include Xiao-Yun Yan, Shucong Li, and Bolei Deng, along with collaborators from multiple other institutions.

Carrying Capacity

Hydrogels are soft, porous materials that are made mainly from water and a microscopic network of interconnecting polymer fibers. Zhao’s group at MIT has primarily explored the use of hydrogels in biomedical applications, including adhesive coatings for medical implants, soft and flexible electrodes, and noninvasive imaging stickers.

“Through our work with soft materials, one property we know very well is the way hydrogel is very good at absorbing water from air,” Zhao says.

Researchers are exploring a number of ways to harvest water vapor for drinking water. Among the most efficient so far are devices made from metal-organic frameworks, or MOFs — ultra-porous materials that have also been shown to capture water from dry desert air. But the MOFs do not swell or stretch when absorbing water, and are limited in vapor-carrying capacity.

Water From Air

The group’s new hydrogel-based water harvester addresses another key problem in similar designs. Other groups have designed water harvesters out of micro- or nano-porous hydrogels. But the water produced from these designs can be salty, requiring additional filtering. Salt is a naturally absorbent material, and researchers embed salts — typically, lithium chloride — in hydrogel to increase the material’s water absorption. The drawback, however, is that this salt can leak out with the water when it is eventually collected.

The team’s new design significantly limits salt leakage. Within the hydrogel itself, they included an extra ingredient: glycerol, a liquid compound that naturally stabilizes salt, keeping it within the gel rather than letting it crystallize and leak out with the water. The hydrogel itself has a microstructure that lacks nanoscale pores, which further prevents salt from escaping the material. The salt levels in the water they collected were below the standard threshold for safe drinking water, and significantly below the levels produced by many other hydrogel-based designs.

In addition to tuning the hydrogel’s composition, the researchers made improvements to its form. Rather than keeping the gel as a flat sheet, they molded it into a pattern of small domes resembling bubble wrap, that act to increase the gel’s surface area, along with the amount of water vapor it can absorb.

The researchers fabricated a half-square-meter of hydrogel and encased the material in a window-like glass chamber. They coated the exterior of the chamber with a special polymer film, which helps to cool the glass and stimulates any water vapor in the hydrogel to evaporate and condense onto the glass. They installed a simple tubing system to collect the water as it flows down the glass.

In November 2023, the team traveled to Death Valley, California, and set up the device as a vertical panel. Over seven days, they took measurements as the hydrogel absorbed water vapor during the night (the time of day when water vapor in the desert is highest). In the daytime, with help from the sun, the harvested water evaporated out from the hydrogel and condensed onto the glass.

Over this period, the device worked across a range of humidities, from 21 to 88 percent, and produced between 57 and 161.5 milliliters of drinking water per day. Even in the driest conditions, the device harvested more water than other passive and some actively powered designs.

“This is just a proof-of-concept design, and there are a lot of things we can optimize,” Liu says. “For instance, we could have a multipanel design. And we’re working on a next generation of the material to further improve its intrinsic properties.”

“We imagine that you could one day deploy an array of these panels, and the footprint is very small because they are all vertical,” says Zhao, who has plans to further test the panels in many resource-limited regions. “Then you could have many panels together, collecting water all the time, at household scale.”

— This work was supported, in part, by the MIT J-WAFS Water and Food Seed Grant, the MIT-Chinese University of Hong Kong collaborative research program, and the UM6P-MIT Collaborative Research Program.

[not-glorfindel-stop-asking]

Hey Lindir!!!

Sorry to bother you, I, a mere mortal, find myself wondering... Do you have a skincare routine or haircare routine amongst the Elves? You all look FABULOUS, you can tell me if it's magic or some products you know!

Elven Skincare EXPOSED: 10 Secrets to Looking Immortal (Even If You’re Not)

Ah, my dear mortal friend, you are most wise to inquire about such matters! For truly, what is the point of immortality if not to remain devastatingly flawless while enduring the endless nonsense of Rivendell? 💅✨

Now, let me tell you the truth of Elven beauty. You suspect magic? Well, yes. Of course, there is magic. But it is not some mystical spell whispered to the moon—it is the magic of discipline, dedication, and a deep respect for nature. Also, sometimes sheer spite. Glorfindel may think he shines naturally, but let me tell you, I have SEEN the imported oils in his chambers. I KNOW THE TRUTH. 😤

And now, because I am gracious (and because I take pity on mortals who age like fruit left in the sun), I shall share with you the sacred wisdom of Elven skincare and haircare.

LINDIR’S GUIDE TO ELVEN BEAUTY: LOOK ETHEREAL OR DIE TRYING

1. WATER. WATER. MORE WATER. 💧💦 Do you think we sip delicate elven wine all day? No! Hydration is key! I drink water constantly, and if I see a single mortal claim “I forgot to drink water today,” I will appear in your home personally to scold you. Dehydrated skin? Couldn’t be me.

2. CLEANSE LIKE YOUR IMMORTALITY DEPENDS ON IT. 🛁🌿 Every night, I cleanse my face with a mixture of spring water, crushed elf-willow bark, and a whisper of regret. (The regret is optional, but it adds flavor.) And NO, we do NOT use harsh soaps! That is barbarism. Instead, we use gentle botanical oils. Speaking of which…

3. OIL IS YOUR FRIEND, NOT YOUR ENEMY. 🌿✨ Mortal beauty regimens are full of tragedy. You strip your skin, you fear oils, and then you wonder why your face retaliates. Stop this madness. A little elanor blossom oil? Divine. A touch of miruvor essence? Rejuvenating. Do not fear the natural oils—fear dryness, for it is the true enemy.

4. HAIRCARE: BRUSH IT LIKE YOU MEAN IT. ���🦁 Elven hair flows like silk woven by the stars, and it is because we respect it. Every morning and night, I brush mine with a comb carved from mallorn wood, infused with elderberry oil. Does this take time? Yes. But perfection demands patience. Also, if I go outside and the wind dares to tangle it, I declare vengeance upon the elements.

5. MASKS: YOUR FACE DESERVES LUXURY. 🏺✨ Do you want a glow that makes the moon jealous? Then you must use a mask. I mix crushed lembas grains, a drizzle of honey, and a single tear of frustration every fortnight. (Do not ask why I am frustrated. The answer is always Glorfindel.)

6. ELVES SMELL LIKE A FOREST BREEZE AND YOU CAN TOO. 🌲💨 Scent is part of beauty, my dear mortal. You must smell fresh, like a dawn-kissed meadow. Mortals have soaps full of chemicals (why do you do this?), but elves use sandalwood, lavender, and wild rosemary. If you do not smell like a gentle memory from a dream, are you even trying?

7. SUN PROTECTION: YES, EVEN ELVES DO IT. ☀️🛡️ Do you think we just stand in golden light with no consequences? NO. Even elves respect the sun. We wear cloaks. We seek shade. We use protective balms made from sage and elderflower. If you roast like a human sausage at a summer feast, that is your fault.

8. NIGHTTIME ROUTINE: REGENERATE LIKE AN ELF, NOT A GOBLIN. 🌙✨ Before bed, I do the following:

A final cleanse (see Step 2)

A light mist of moonblossom water

A whispered complaint about my day (essential)

A prayer to the Valar that my hair does not tangle overnight

9. PLANT-BASED DIET: YOUR FACE IS WHAT YOU EAT. 🥗🌿 Yes, we eat fresh, wholesome, natural food. If you consume nothing but salted meats and questionable bread, your skin will weep. Eat like an elf! Berries, greens, nuts, things that do not look like battlefield rations.

10. STRESS? DON’T. 😌🍵 Do you know what ruins beauty? Worry. But what if you, like me, are surrounded by stressful people who insist on breaking your lute? (Yes, Glorfindel, I am talking about you.) Then you must meditate. Breathe deeply. Think of a serene forest, untouched by chaos. If that fails? A glass of wine and an aggressively long bath.

There you have it, dear mortal. The sacred elven wisdom of skincare and haircare. Use it well. And if you ever doubt me—just look at Glorfindel. He may shine like the sun, but I?

I glow like the moon, with superior hydration. ✨

Now, my dear mortal friend, you seek the wisdom of the Eldar? Very well. I shall grant you peace for your dry skin, strength for your weary hair, and perhaps—just perhaps—hope for your mortal complexion. 🌿✨ But beware! With great beauty comes great responsibility. If you follow these secrets, do not be surprised if strangers mistake you for a being of legend.

1. The “I Have Not Slept Since the Second Age” Face Mask ☕🌿

For when life (and bad decisions) have left you looking like you wandered out of Mirkwood.

You shall require:

1 tbsp coffee grounds (for that resurrected-by-Valar glow)

1 tbsp honey (because even your face deserves a little sweetness)

1 tbsp yogurt (to soothe your tragic, battle-worn visage)

Mix, apply for 10 minutes, and rinse with lukewarm water. This will leave your skin looking refreshed, as though you haven’t been suffering through yet another sleepless age.

2. The “Elves Do Not Get Split Ends” Hair Elixir 🍃🌿

A secret passed down through the ages, because no elf has ever been seen with frizz. Ever.

You shall require:

1 cup water (preferably from an enchanted spring, but mortal tap water may suffice)

2 sprigs fresh rosemary (for strength, endurance, and possibly elven wisdom)

5 drops lavender oil (to smell like Rivendell and not a battlefield)

5 drops argan oil (for that Lórien shine)

Boil the water, add the rosemary, and let it steep until cool. Strain, add oils, and pour into a spray bottle. Mist onto your hair daily for strength, shine, and the satisfaction of knowing you now possess a superior beauty routine.

3. The “I Must Not Look Like I Have Fought Orcs Today” Under-Eye Treatment 🌙

For when the weight of the world—and possibly the weight of bad decisions—rests upon your face.

You shall require:

2 green tea bags (to erase all evidence of your suffering)

1 tbsp aloe vera gel (for that ethereal under-eye glow)

Steep the tea bags, let them cool, then place them over your eyes for 10 minutes. Follow with a dab of aloe vera. Congratulations! You are now less haunted-looking.

4. The “I Must Smell Like an Elf, Not a Tavern” Body Mist 🌿✨

Because nothing says immortal beauty like smelling faintly of enchanted forests.

You shall require:

½ cup witch hazel (for a crisp, magical base)

½ cup rose water (to make you feel like an elf from a tragic ballad)

10 drops cedarwood oil (to smell mysterious and ancient)

5 drops vanilla extract (because elves are just a little indulgent)

Mix, pour into a spray bottle, and mist yourself liberally. People will wonder if you have just stepped out of Lothlórien. You will simply smile and disappear into the mist.

Now go forth, my luminous mortal! May your hair be sleek, your skin be radiant, and your scent be as intoxicating as the golden woods of Lórien. And should anyone ask how you achieved such ethereal beauty? Simply say:

"An elf never reveals their secrets." ✨🌿

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[magicaltouchcarwash]

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[abetterwhiteroof]

The Ultimate Guide to Korean Facials: Secrets to Flawless Skin ✨💆‍♀️

Achieving radiant, flawless skin is a goal shared by many, and Korean skincare has become a global sensation for delivering just that. One of the most coveted beauty treatments is the Korean facial — a multi-step process that nurtures your skin with a focus on hydration, balance, and nourishment. Let’s dive into the world of Korean facials and discover how they can transform your skin! 🌸🌿

What is a Korean Facial? 🤔💧

A Korean facial is much more than your typical facial. It's a comprehensive, step-by-step approach designed to cleanse, hydrate, and rejuvenate the skin. Unlike traditional facials, Korean facials prioritize hydration and soothing ingredients to achieve a glowing, healthy complexion. The process often incorporates advanced techniques and high-quality products, leaving your skin feeling refreshed and revitalized. 🌺

Key Steps in a Korean Facial 🧴💆‍♂️

Here are the essential steps that make Korean facials stand out:

Double Cleansing 🧼🧴

Start with an oil-based cleanser to remove makeup and impurities, followed by a water-based cleanser to clear away dirt and sweat. This step ensures a deep clean without stripping the skin.

Exfoliation 🧽✨

Gently exfoliating helps remove dead skin cells, making your skin smoother and more receptive to the products that follow. It promotes a brighter complexion and unclogs pores.

Hydrating Toner 🌿💦

Applying toner helps balance your skin’s pH levels while delivering an extra dose of hydration. This preps your skin for the next steps in the routine.

Essences and Serums 💧🧪

Essences and serums are packed with nutrients that target specific skin concerns such as fine lines, wrinkles, and dullness. They’re lightweight yet potent, delivering deep hydration.

Facial Massage 👋💆‍♀️

A soothing facial massage helps improve circulation and promotes lymphatic drainage, leaving your skin looking fresh and firm.

Sheet Masks 😍🧖‍♀️

One of the most iconic parts of a Korean facial! Sheet masks are soaked in serums and provide intense hydration. They’re great for addressing dryness, dullness, or skin irritation.

Moisturization 🧴🌙

Lock in all the moisture with a nourishing moisturizer that keeps your skin hydrated throughout the day or night.

Sun Protection ☀️🛡️

Protecting your skin from harmful UV rays is the final step. Sunscreen is crucial in preventing premature aging and maintaining your radiant complexion.

Unique Ingredients in Korean Facials 🌿🧪

Korean facials often incorporate powerful, natural ingredients that provide amazing skin benefits. Here are a few superstar ingredients:

Snail Mucin 🐌💧: Known for its healing and moisturizing properties, snail mucin helps repair damaged skin and boost hydration.

Green Tea Extract 🍵🌿: An antioxidant-rich ingredient that calms irritated skin and fights inflammation.

Rice Water 🌾💦: Brightens and evens skin tone while improving overall texture.

Centella Asiatica 🍃❤️: Also known as "cica," this herb soothes and repairs sensitive or damaged skin.

Ginseng 🥢🌟: A beloved anti-aging ingredient that helps improve circulation and revitalize tired skin.

Benefits of Korean Facials 🌟💧

Wondering why Korean facials are so popular? Here are some of the incredible benefits:

Hydration Boost 💦: These facials focus on deep hydration, which results in plump, dewy skin.

Anti-Aging ⏳: The ingredients and techniques reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, giving you a youthful glow.

Brightening Effect 🌟: Korean facials improve skin tone and texture, leaving you with a more even and luminous complexion.

Calming and Soothing 🌼: Perfect for sensitive skin, the gentle products and techniques reduce redness and inflammation. Navigate here, to find more information about the korean treatment.

Conclusion 🌿💖

Korean facials are more than just a skincare trend — they’re a holistic approach to achieving healthy, glowing skin. Whether you visit a professional or try it at home, incorporating the principles of Korean skincare into your routine can help you unlock the secrets to flawless skin. Ready to glow? 🌟

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Don't let dehydration slow you down! Embrace the simplicity of water can delivery and ensure you always have access to clean, refreshing water. Order now and experience the ease of "Water Can Delivery" at its finest! 💙

[myslimdownsecret]

23 simple ways to keep your house smelling amazing 👏

Open Windows: Let fresh air circulate to eliminate odors. 🌬️

Use Baking Soda: Place bowls of baking soda in areas prone to smells. 🥣

Simmer Potpourri: Boil water with citrus peels, spices, and herbs for a natural scent. 🍊🌿

Clean Regularly: Dust and vacuum to prevent musty odors. 🧹

Light Candles: Choose scented candles to add pleasant aromas. 🕯️

Linen Spray: Spritz linens with a homemade or store-bought linen spray. 💦

Fresh Flowers: Display fresh flowers for a natural fragrance. 💐

Use Essential Oils: Diffuse essential oils like lavender or peppermint. 🌿

Clean Trash Bins: Regularly clean trash bins to avoid lingering odors. 🗑️

Scented Sachets: Place scented sachets in drawers and closets. 🛍️

Simmer Vinegar: Simmer vinegar on the stove to neutralize odors. 🍶

Air Purifier: Invest in an air purifier to keep the air fresh. 💨

Dryer Sheets: Tuck dryer sheets in drawers and closets. 🧺

DIY Room Spray: Make your own room spray with water and essential oils. 💧

Use Citrus: Place slices of citrus fruits around the house for a fresh scent. 🍋

Vacuum Carpets: Regularly vacuum carpets to remove trapped odors. 🏠

Herb Bouquets: Display bundles of fresh herbs like rosemary or mint. 🌱

Scented Candles: Light scented candles in different rooms. 🕯️

Freshen Fabrics: Sprinkle baking soda on upholstery before vacuuming. 🛋️

Clean Pet Areas: Keep pet areas clean and odor-free. 🐾

Use Room Fresheners: Utilize plug-in or spray room fresheners. 💨

DIY Potpourri: Create your own potpourri with dried flowers and spices. 🌸

Charcoal Bags: Place activated charcoal bags in areas with odors to absorb them. 🔳

You have got to try this cleaner. A little goes a long way! Pet and people safe. Concentrated to get the best bang for your buck. I use it to clean everything!!

[aussenskin]

🌼🌟 Slaying Summer Skincare in a Snap! 🚀✨

Hey Tumblr fam! 🌈 Got a hectic schedule but still craving that summer glow? We got you covered with a quick and fab skincare routine. Dive into the glow-up vibes:

1. Creamy Cleanse Chill: Foamy cleansers? Nah. Opt for the creamy goodness. Massage, rinse, and hello, fresh vibes! 💆‍♀️💦

2. Toner Spray Dream: Hydration central! Toner spray – mist it or swipe it. Prep that canvas for the ultimate glow. 🌈💖

3. SPF50 + Hyaluronic Hype: SPF 50 with a hint of hyaluronic magic. Protect and hydrate – the summer dream team! ☀️💧

4. Finish with a Smile: Because a smile is the best accessory! 😁✨

Bonus Hacks:

Keep It Tumblr-esque Simple: Minimalist vibes. ⏳

Multi-Tasking Wonders: Products that slay in more ways than one! 🌟

Tumblr-Ready Essentials: Pocket-sized wonders and wipes for those on-the-go days. 🧳

Hydrate the Tumblr Way: Sip on that water like it's your aesthetic! 💦

Ready to rock the summer glow? Share your fave tips in the comments! 🌼💬 #TumblrGlowUp #SummerSkinMagic #QuickGlowRoutine

[devotedcanines]

💧🐾 Quench Your Cat's Thirst with our CAT WATER FOUNTAIN! Hydration, Elevated. 🌟🐱

Hello, Tumblr pet enthusiasts! 🌿

Introducing the Cat Water Fountain from Devoted Canines - the perfect hydration solution for your feline friend!

🚰 About Our Fountain: Our automatic Cat Water Fountain ensures a continuous flow of fresh and filtered water, enticing your kitty to stay hydrated all day. Its sleek design complements your home decor while serving as a functional and stylish addition.

🐾 Why Cats Love It: With its running water feature, cats are naturally drawn to drink more, promoting better hydration and potentially reducing kidney-related issues. The soothing flow encourages your fur baby to drink in style!

🌟 Quality & Convenience: Crafted with your cat's well-being in mind, our Cat Water Fountain is easy to clean, maintain, and provides a hassle-free way to keep your pet healthy and happy.

Check it out here: https://www.devotedcanines.com/products/automatic-pet-cat-water-fountain and elevate your cat's hydration game! 💦🐱 #DevotedCanines #HydratedHappyCats #CatWaterFountain

[shekiko]

💦✨ Breathe fresh with our Spray Water Bottle for a vibrant day! 💧😍 Stay refreshed and enjoy the cool mist anytime, anywhere. 💦🌬️ Compact and portable, it brings convenience and rejuvenation to your day. 🌟🚿 Grab your Spray Water Bottle now and infuse your life with a refreshing burst! 😎📣 Don't miss out, start radiating your charm today! 💖🛍 #SprayWaterBottle #FreshVibes

[witchfulthinking-aurora]

We are in a climate crisis. It’s not too late, but people have got to stop acting so bloody offended at the idea that they are responsible for helping reverse the daily damage we do to this planet.

We can do this.

We can help fix it all.

Top easiest ways to be green for me, that I can think of, RIGHT NOW

Reduce use of fresh water: short showers, no leaving the tap running. Reuse dirty water on your garden. Google will have lots of ideas on it 💦 💧 🚿

Meatless mondays. Meat means deforestation, more land use, water waste, methane production and health problems than veggies. Just look up a documentary like “Cowspiracy” on Netflix if you don’t believe me 🌯🍇🍰☕️

Do you have a bike? Give it some love pls, the car can wait a second. Or walk. Just make a good playlist and start walking. Not saying you have to commute like this right away, but for the little journeys, walk. 💃🏾

Lights and power switches off when not in use. 🌇

Close all your windows and doors and put on a jumper and socks FIRST if you’re in the habit of turning turning the heating up in your home on a whim. 🥵

Wear recycled clothing, from charity shops, thrift stores and local places. Long distance shipping = crude oil = more damage

I’ve got a repair sewing kit. I can repair things or modify them instead of throwing them away. And I’m not even good at sewing. Not sure I like it either. But people always act stunned and impressed, so if yall are looking for that sweet, sweet validation/ unique “you” look, sew stuff! Embroider stuff!! There are youtube tutorials! 🧵

Don’t, I repeat, DON’T buy from fast fashion chain high street shops that throw out all their old stock every two weeks , they create an insane amount of waste product. I’m not exaggerating my dudes. It’s Bad.

Buy those nice cheap fruits and veggies that aren’t wrapped in plastic. I’m begging you: Bring your own bags. Buy plastic free. Whatever it takes

That’s all I can think of. Add your own stuff. Good luck to the people facing floods

yeah this isn’t good