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lunisowu-blog · 5 years

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Why Everybody Is Wrong Regarding Esta Visa Usa

https://pt.ivisa.com/esta-visa-usa

In nearly all of the situations, permission is granted in an hour. however, it is preferable to take permission beforehand. Only a fast stream of process can help firms to entice people in a simple and electronic visa facility has been beneficial for the majority of the people. The application for the visa method is extremely easy and doesn't take more than a day or two.

A great deal of people around the world speak Spanish as their first language. Nevertheless, the things aren't too fantastic for the legal immigrants also. While the nation is certain to embrace you, the folks also assume that you are going to be respectful towards its culture.

This system makes it possible for citizens of participating countries to pay a visit to the US for as many as 90 days without a visa. You should fill your passport information like passport number Then you've got to present the role of visiting the specific nation. VWP is a specially developed visa program for those countries that satisfy the conventional security requirement for entering in the US.

Things You Won't Like About Esta Visa Usa and Things You Will Billiard players who decide to use a Lucasi pool cue have a tendency to carry on using one for several years. Express any concern you have regarding our usage of your data. It is an easy online form which has biometric information concerning the traveler.

What Is So Fascinating About Esta Visa Usa? Nationals of Visa Waiver Program countries will nonetheless be qualified to travel without a visa but might have to get an approved travel authorization before their travel to the usa. Overstaying the Visa Waiver Program means you will face more difficulty seeking to return to the United States. You might qualify for visa under VWP.

If you're thinking about visiting the U.S. you have to read our ESTA Questions to look at your eligibility. Estacost is reliable along with trustworthy firm to provide the assistance and helpful to search for the ESTA authorization. Mohamed isn't eligible to travel visa free because he's still thought of as a national of Libya.

Additionally, many of Dante's political friends and enemies appear in the various parts of the afterlife. It's usually instant to get your visa by email, but in some instances it can take up to two days. Checking out with a physician to learn about vaccinations ahead of travelling is vital.

Also it is quite simple to encounter one of the many `false friends', in other words, words that appear alike in two languages but whose meaning isn't precisely the same. What changes is the level of politeness. There's a esta online form for each and every traveler and additionally the application is also readily available for groups.

Of course locating an affordable flight to America can be a true pain. In current scenario there are plenty of folks who due to any reason do not prefer to purchase a personal vehicle. In that scenario there are plenty of individuals who prefer to travel in taxi.

While you don't require a visa to come to the U.S. for your organization meeting or for vacation, you must find an approved travel authorization ahead of your visit to the U.S.. If you're thinking about an elongated stay in Atlanta, GA, keep reading to learn why it is but one of the absolute most favorite American cities among travel lovers. A visit to a theme park will suffer from too little careful planning.

| Esta Visa Usa for Dummies Of course locating an affordable flight to America can be a true pain. In current scenario there are plenty of folks who due to any reason do not prefer to purchase a personal vehicle. In that scenario there are plenty of individuals who prefer to travel in taxi.

As an example, cruises appropriate for families usually provide a number of sports facilities and kids club entertainment. A motor home is something which replicates your house where you could be most likely to relish common amenities like a bed, television, refrigerator, bathroom and any other facilities which are likely to come to use when you are outdoors on holiday. The Vietnamese folks really like to create merry and take pleasure in their festival to the best they can.

All About Esta Visa Usa You have to know your banking info. You have to be very lucky in case you have been issued a reversal of status not through the standard method. Another advantage of participating in your entrepreneurial community is that it is possible to meet with different founders that may help advance you and your business in the future.

Esta Visa Usa Ideas The term desrespetuoso isn't in the Dictionary. For much of it, so as to comprehend what's being said you would have to know popular slang expressions, which vary from nation to nation. Look at any Spanish word and you'll be able to tell how it's pronounced.

Additional information are available here. He or she's first required to complete the application form by answering a collection of personal questions. To make certain that you've got nothing to declare, check the comprehensive collection of items to declare on www.cbp.gov.

If you're however, travelling with a US Visa, you won't need to submit an application for ESTA entry. A ESTA registration doesn't meet the legal demands of the US with respect to visas. A ESTA isn't the exact same as a visa that's required to live and work in the usa, as it does not fulfill the legal requirements that a US Visa does.

Depending on what sort of visa you were on, the whole period of the fresh visa will be different. The info is requested by CBP, once the applicant completes their ESTA before travelling to america. Travelers traveling on valid visas aren't required to turn in an application for an ESTA.

Esta Visa Usa If you've learned about Bla-Bla cars, you might take note of the apprehensions people had about it in India. For example staying expenses, food expenses, transport costs are really very affordable. Before travelling to the US, you ought to take a while to get to understand different regulations to prevent unexpected incidents at your arrival.

Esta Visa Usa - What Is It? If you're a UK citizen holding a UK passport, you are able to apply through the ESTA online to see the US for as much as 90 days for tourism, business or health care reasons, without the need to submit an application for a visa. The simple fact that only land border crossing separates the 2 countries is an important issue. Any intellectual property your startup might have in Europe isn't valid in the usa.

If you're found inadmissible, however, you might submit an application for a waiver with which to enter the usa. These new eligibility requirements don't bar travel to the usa. Unauthorized employment denotes the work achieved by the foreign national who hasn't been authorized the INA or USCIS to work in the nation.

The Foolproof Esta Visa Usa Strategy A limited number of days visa could be much easier to get generally speaking, but it's time-consuming for each individual. It's usually instant to get your visa by email, but in some instances it can take up to two days. Checking out with a physician to learn about vaccinations ahead of travelling is vital.

| Esta Visa Usa for Dummies So say you're looking for planning permission for a specific project you want to develop but don't have the skills, experience or general know how when it has to do with surveying. Prefer taking a minumum of one friend in your unknown travel group so that you're comfortable enough in the business of complete strangers. With the broad collection of pool cues by Lucasi, you're sure to locate what you will need regardless of what your budget might be.

You will also receive a chance to obey the original Dickens Carolers and enjoy different pursuits such as parades and Victorian dances. There are quite a lot of families who decided to engage in a dream together. Preparing for your trip Before you book your journey, think about the period of year, you're travelling and the portion of the USA you are travelling to.

The term desrespetuoso isn't in the Dictionary. For much of it, so as to comprehend what's being said you would have to know popular slang expressions, which vary from nation to nation. In fact, there are thousands of phrases you could learn to be able to master Spanish, but there are just a few that you have to understand as a way to start having simple conversations in Spanish.

Esta Visa Usa for Dummies The process takesjust 10 minutes and you're going to usuallyreceive your trip authorisation straight away. In the brief term, flight details aren't required. It isn't necessary to have a whole flight ticket or hotel booking in order to file your application.

The Downside Risk of Esta Visa Usa If you're travelling under the Visa Waiver Program, you could be disqualified from visa-free entry and must get a visa for future visits. Overstaying the Visa Waiver Program means you will face more difficulty seeking to return to the United States. You are able to either submit an application for a US visa or get a replacement e-Passport.

If you've applied for ESTA after February 2016, you may have discovered the accession of a range of questions on the application. When you get a new travel authorisation your prior application will get invalid. In case the application isn't authorised then a visa might be requested through the US Embassy.

Esta Visa Usa Options To discover affordable employees is a tremendous challenge that numerous startups struggle with. Though a niche sector in the nation, because there is much appeal and enthusiasm towards it, it has come to be among the fastest growing sectors of the tourism market. The business will process an application to the customer's requirements and requests, and won't be accountable for any incorrect information provided.

Things You Won't Like About Esta Visa Usa and Things You Will Ways to correct any inaccuracies in the info. Express any concern you have regarding our usage of your data. Further specifics of the program are available here.

Esta Visa Usa - What Is It? Getting around If you decide you need to lease a vehicle and drive around when staying in the United States, then most countries like the UK have an agreement whereby you are able to use your driving license. Instead, other nations call for a formal procedure of renunciation before you're no longer deemed to be a citizen. Any intellectual property your startup might have in Europe isn't valid in the usa.

This system makes it possible for citizens of participating countries to pay a visit to the US for as many as 90 days without a visa. The Applicant citizenship country has to be listed in 37 nations. Unauthorized employment denotes the work achieved by the foreign national who hasn't been authorized the INA or USCIS to work in the nation.

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laughgreen4 · 2 years

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How Much Does Indian Marriage Ceremony Catering Cost In Dehradun By Digitalmafia

It’s virtually all the time made to order, with an array of toppings that may easily be tailored to vegetarians. Just remember to specify that you simply don’t need bonito flakes sprinkled on prime. Interestingly sufficient, Japanese people have been prohibited from consuming meat for greater than a thousand years previous to 1868. In truth, it was only when beef costs began to drop in the early 1990s did the consumption of meat within the nation spike. Japanese delicacies has even been added to the UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage List—the second after that of France—in an effort to preserve this very way of eating as a testament to traditional Japanese tradition. The map of Luzon Island is split into eight areas. The availability of the pancit dishes were based from the evidences identified in the analysis. There is a complete of one hundred and one pancit dishes. Taiwan's meals and meals culture is very much diversified and largely influenced by the exodus of Han individuals. However, one part of the Taiwanese meals culture that remains integral is that of the Taiwanese indigenous peoples. Though the indigenous inhabitants solely make up less than 2% of Taiwan's general population, it's notable that their meals eaten and methods of preparation are distinguishable from the more typical Chinese-influenced cuisine. A type of firm tofu that is cubed and marinated in soy sauces and spices like star anise and cinnamon, or dried right into a type of tofu jerky that can be sweet, spicy, barbecue taste, and so forth. Vietnamese-style noodles in meat broth and with Taiwanese elements, run by Taiwan’s giant inhabitants of Vietnamese and different Southeast Asian migrant workers. A thick stew with cabbage, vinegar, green onions, and breaded strips of mackerel. Sometimes served with a choice of noodles, and often pronounced within the Taiwanese way. A distinctive specialty of Orchid Island and regarded sacred by the native Tao individuals. In season , you'll find it deep fried, barbecued, or even served in danbing (#72). Occasions Catering Charlotte Recipes Cook rooster for approximately 5 minutes on both sides. Once the chicken’s internal temperature reaches 165 levels, remove from warmth and let it relaxation. Finger foods and high quality teas are inexpensive and super elegant. Here are some tips you might want to remember. Have a white chocolate or lemon cream fountain. Deck out your charcuterie with jams, honeys, and other properly preserved treats. Instead of serving everyone individually, cook two giant pork chops , then slice them up and serve family-style for a straightforward, elegant presentation. Fresh figs and grapes cooked in balsamic vinegar and honey make a incredible sweet and bitter sauce for pork chops. A pleasantly bitter radicchio salad offsets all that candy and bitter in just the right way—you’re going to need dip it within the sauce as you eat. Gather friends around the grill for this extra-flavorful meal, enhanced with grilled pineapple. Marinate the hen in advance and you have a type of perfectly summery, easy dinners that's positive to impress. Express expectations to the caterer (especially in a multi-day event) that the particular meals ought to never be the same for each sitting. And nearly good for you, certainly better than "strange" Chips. But suggestions for making any seasoned salt in the publish. Something past the strange, something worthy of my clients time, something they would be happy to serve and I would be proud to have my name connected. We haven’t counted, but if we had to guess, there are over 500 gadgets on our menus. Teach you the means to cook European dishes, Asian dishes, well-known dishes of each nation. Hope the knowledge is useful to housewives. 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Business's such as hotels, restaurants, diners, and workplaces are amongst the few of our regular clients. From appetizers to desserts, you'll be able to prep and maintain your whole food at safe serving temperatures with our cooking and holding provides and tools. We have all the disposable catering provides you should make cleanup straightforward, from dinnerware and utensils to aluminum chafer pans and meals trays. Our data, expertise and commitment to central Ohio set us other than the competition. We aren't just a vendor, we're a valued and trusted supplier of options for your corporation. Our pleasant customer service staff is on the market that can assist you with product choice, gross sales, installation, and repair questions. During enterprise hours we can sometimes respond inside a couple of minutes. Avoid wobbly tables, tilting tables, banged up knees and ankles with these sturdy, well-constructed bases that connect firmly to your desk tops. Restaurant furnishings is a vital a half of the overall design of a restaurant. Chose the restaurant furnishings that gives you the feel you need. Plated Sit Down Dinner Menus CUSTOMIZE YOUR MENU With the option to customize your menu, there’s plenty of room for creativity to make your occasion even more magical. Even without a lot of time in your hands, you'll find a way to still let your visitors know that you just love them . Simply order your guests’ favourite dishes and have them delivered to the doorstep with our contact free delivery. We’ll additionally arrange a cocktail bar or move cocktails, beer, and wine—whatever you like. We can mix old favorites or work with you to design a signature craft cocktail on your event. 外燴 for gallery openings, holiday parties, and celebrations of many stripes. Stick to a recipe you have follow making because producing it in bulk might be challenging sufficient. Use our recipe converter to bulk up your favorite dishes with out altering their flavor. Cocktail Style Reception - Save yourself the expense and hassle of getting ready a sit-down dinner with a cocktail type reception. Set up an hors d’oeuvres desk for your guests to graze on in between dancing the night time away! House Caterer Job Description, Profession As A House Caterer, Salary, Employment The catering prepare dinner is answerable for preparing food, either in an on- or off-site kitchen, and cooking a big selection of dishes. When most people think of restaurant and meals service jobs,waitersand cooks usually come to thoughts. However, food companies embody meals prep, desk prep, occasion planning, cleaning, reception, and every thing in between. Food service is often seen as a sub-industry within hospitality. Chefs and head cooks must effectively manage their time and the time of their employees. Assist within the culinary execution of off-premise events, together with group of space; executing assigned duties; helping meals prep and packing out culinary tools. Maintains a clean and respectful presence in entrance of and away from purchasers and staff. Work intently with Lead Servers to coordinate all occasion particulars to make sure successful events. Typically, the responsibilities of a caterer at an event embrace preparation of food, serving it, cleansing up, staffing bars, and attending to diners. Recently, caterers providers have expanded beyond that, as agreed upon by the caterer and occasion host. Liaised between event manager or catering manager and the serving employees to maintain appropriate ranges of food and drinks at all times. You can easily customise this template for a Catering Manager position at a lodge, airline, hospital or other business. A Catering Manager is knowledgeable who's answerable for monitoring the quality of meals and repair at their retailers. They be sure that all operations run easily, from cooking to serving clients, so as to achieve peak efficiency every single day. The median annual wage for a catering prepare dinner is dependent upon several elements, together with venue and the amount of experience that cook dinner has. The median annual wage for cooks, in accordance with the Bureau of Labor Statistics, is $22,850 per 12 months, with an hourly wage of $10.99. Food service managers sometimes want a highschool diploma and various other years of work experience within the food service business. Some receive extra training at community schools, technical or vocational colleges, culinary faculties, or 4-year schools. Food service managers work in eating places, resorts, faculty cafeterias, and other establishments the place meals is ready and served. Catering Once your menu is about, promote tickets with Eventbrite. Once you've got recognized a recipe, throw out any elements that aren't important to the manufacturing of the substance. In this case, you'd hold the flour, butter, sugar, eggs, salt, and leavening agent. By clicking 'Sign Up', you consent to permit Social Tables to retailer and process the private information submitted above to supply you the content material requested. Refer to our Privacy Policy or contact us at for more particulars. Onions, squash, and peppers are a classic combo but you might also strive one of these lovely and creative vegetarian skewers. The stunning wisteria-covered trellis makes a romantic backdrop for this meals table. But to tie it all collectively, the event organizer included flowers alongside the food shows too to tie together the outside catering ideas. Chefs love to throw a little “drizzle” on however generally your visitors need a little more. Problem is that additional liquid can damage a dish and make it soggy when dozens of individuals are ready in line and the dish is prepared hours in advance. Check out this inventive way to save the best for final and permit each visitor to get precisely how a lot sauce they want. Veggie skewers are a colourful approach to get some wholesome foods in at your wedding ceremony. If your marriage ceremony is during the spring or summer time, use recent produce from the farmer’s market. If it’s in the course of the fall or winter, grill heartier greens like onions, sweet potatoes and green peppers to create a rainbow display. The drinks reception tab can simply set couples back a number of thousand pounds, so limiting what is served could be an efficient way to reduce prices. Ask your bar to hold beer and wine, or alternatively, have a cash-only bar that your friends should pay for. If you have supplied them with a lovely meal accompanied with nice leisure, friends won’t thoughts forking out for a few drinks towards the top of the night. Buffets are cheaper than boxed lunches and food bars are very stylish. Assemble the knowledge and calculate percentages so this could go into your menu planning and be passed to the catering group. Don’t have a look at your food and beverage price range as the entire quantity or you would possibly just find yourself ordering that enormous squid butter sculpture. Instead, amass all of the issues that budget needs to cowl and provides every space similar to snacks and breakfasts their very own mini-budget. Then you presumably can see what you must work with and what you can rearrange for some effective splurging. Forty Nine Wedding Appetizer Concepts For The Most Effective Cocktail Hour Guests will rave a couple of scrumptious menu for years to come, and it’ll go away them feeling pleased, happy, and fueled up for the dance floor! And if there’s no dance ground in 2020, this is the new focal point of the evening. Your menu can be an excellent opportunity to wow your visitors with personal touches or special parts that replicate your wedding theme or setting. Rustic themes are very popular proper now and this one’s a magnificence. Simply drill holes in blocks of wood, add some clay within the gap, and insert a kebab stick. The first piece of food on your kebab will hold the stick from falling by way of the outlet. You can also do this with twigs and construct a base from driftwood. Roasted Vegetable Pinwheel Bites - with roasted peppers, zucchini & onions. Beet Hummus - superbly coloured humus with a hint of candy beet flavour served with crisp pita chips. Watermelon Stacks - cubes of cool watermelon topped with feta cheese and contemporary herbs; served in a bamboo boat with a pipette of balsamic glaze. Our proficient chefs prepare the food right in entrance of your visitors. From sushi to flambé desserts , your guests and your taste buds will thanks. Triangle Points w/ Sour Cream and Caviar– Caviar is taken into account a delicacy and typically eaten as a garnish or a variety. Concessions, Hometown Fairs And Festivals, Car Shows, Church Festivals Heartbeat Hot Sauce presents staples like piri piri and Louisiana-style hot sauce, alongside more unique taste combinations like pineapple and blueberry habanero. Sauces could be a nice product to promote for first-time merchants. Food aficionados are always looking for new tastes to strive, so they are usually extra receptive to less acquainted manufacturers in phrases of sauces. Subscription-based mannequin, wherein retailers present customers with a new meal on a recurring foundation. Or you may create a group of meal kits and promote them à la carte. Personal chefs are skilled cooks employed to provide at-home meals for their purchasers, who usually may have particular dietary needs or preferences. Fragola is a child food model based in Innisfil, Ontario. Fragola provides each one-time orders and child meals subscriptions that offer a new combination of flavors every week. The Dough Bros is a wood-fired pizza restaurant operating out of Galway, Ireland. Hinterland Music Festival- Another fun event the place we get to hearken to great music and serve up great meals. We present a number of meals items and beer trailers for this one. Few issues are more fulfilling than rising a enterprise in an business that excites you. For foodies and at-home chefs in all places, beginning a meals business is a superb chance to generate income doing what you like. Local health departments concern permits to certified retail food operations like grocery shops, eating places, momentary operations, concessions, meals vehicles and micro markets. How about some tasty Mexican food at your concession stand? Tacos, burritos, quesadillas, salsa, and enchiladas are wonderful, and they are completely different from what most different concession stands are serving. Have a selection of hot sauces available as condiments together with some pico de gallo. You can either order bulk packaged popcorn, or pop them forward of time, and break up them into smaller bags upfront. We’ve seen candy sales at drive-in theaters practically double in 2020, particularly amongst well-liked manufacturers like M&M’s, Skittles and Milky Way.

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gunmadlin · 2 years

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dheaamitaedi · 5 years

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That of A Miracle

THE UNIVERSE HAS BETRAYED ME long before I knew the words to my favourite song, what my dreams were, knew the location of all the countries in the globe, and long before I had my period and declared to have entered womanhood. The universe has been unfair to me; throwing me obstacles I wouldn’t have had the chance to overcome at such a young age if not for my bottling-up nature, and being able to conceal my true feelings to anyone around me. My mother taught me on how to hide my feelings from the world.

Whenever I would cry, she would flick my ear for me to stop, and I would obey.

Even as I entered adolescence and into adulthood I still cried in silence. I can’t bear to let my mother hear my cry, not because it would pain her, but it would pain me, because she was unable to show her motherly instincts. She doesn’t hug me or comfort me like those mothers on TV whenever they’re child showed pain. I don’t want to further ache myself knowing that my own mother was incapable of those emotions.

I wept alone.

Crying in my room, hiding from the world.

❈ ❈ ❈

I WAS BORN 14 YEARS after my parents were pronounced husband and wife. I was considered a baby miracle. No one saw me coming. They tried their hardest to conceive a baby until it felt as though it was all in vain; herbal essences, medicines, exercise. Nothing worked in their presence.

So they’re only option was to wait.

To wait for God’s testament.

My father wanted a girl, because he said that boys were difficult to nurse when they are young. They were reckless, naughty, and they liked to run around everywhere, and god-forbid if he wrecks the entire house if he decides to play basketball indoors and knock all the furniture.

So he prayed for a girl.

SUMMER OF 1997, when my father was in Oslo, Norway, he met an endearing woman named Ms Lien. He had the pleasure to encounter her at an ASEAN community gathering, which was attended by Vietnamese refugees. Ms Lien was among those many refugees who fled from the Vietnam war in 1975 after the Fall of Saigon. She fled to Indonesia by boat to the island of Batam, and she was luckily screened out and transferred to Norway. During that time Indonesia was not a member of the UNHCR, still not a member even until this very day. That prevented them from freely accepting refugees.

Ms Lien was the person who lifted up my father and mother’s spirits from the ashes. She predicted a baby would come out of my mother’s womb.

She was careful with her words.

“Mr Hendrar, your wife will give birth. Next year. She will come to this world safe and sound.”

“She?” My father exclaimed with delight.

“Yes, a baby girl.” Ms Lien answered whilst smiling.

Bursts of joy and electrifying sensations protruded from my father’s widening smile. His prayers and my mother’s has finally been answered.

God really does wonders.

MY FATHER WAS A FIRST-SECRETARIAT AT THE EMBASSY of Indonesia to Norway. He was stationed in Norway in February 1994. A very well-distinguished diplomat to its fellow colleagues. He was a hard worker, a true nationalist, a benevolent diplomat.

Being a diplomat; a representative of your country in a foreign land, is a very noble and renowned occupation. A great deal of diplomacy, communication skills, vast knowledge of world politics is needed. You don’t only need to have pride in your own nation but also respect other country’s culture, and norms and values.

But coming home from work he would be a different person. Angrier, much more impatient and crankier. As if the day's work was just a facade of his true feelings. Home was the only place where he could express his annoyance and exhaustion freely. And my mother was both a witness and victim of this other persona of his. Some days she would just yell out of sheer exasperation at my father's temperament.

She would then complain to the walls of the house as that was her only consolation.

Though now, every day after he got home from the embassy, he would have this joyous smile despite the hours he spent reviewing reports and sitting in front of the monitor, it would all be worth it at the end because this time next year a baby girl would be born. My baby girl. He thought. And he would finally be able to cradle me in his own loving arms. He would whisper the adzanin her ear. Whisper her the glorious name of Allah. Thank Him for this precious miracle He has given him. All the waiting and nervous glances whenever my mother came out of the bathroom with the pregnancy test without the two red-triped lines. Sighing heavily and just losing hope. That will all disappear because finally he will have a child. 14 years of waiting.

❈ ❈ ❈

NO ONE KNEW what was going to unravel the following year in May, when spring ended yet the cold still seeped silently through the worn thick blankets and bedsheets of my parents’ bedroom. The New Order era was finally over and the dictator who led Indonesia for 32 years ceased to rule the country. The revolution to topple down Soeharto’s rule began in early 1998. There were communal violence encircling the entire archipelago of Indonesia; Jakarta, Ambon, Medan. Kerusuhan Mei 1998, the May 1998 riots, was a tragedy wherein there were mass demonstrations, civil unrest and these were all triggered by mass unemployment.

During that same year, in February, my parents were transferred back to Jakarta due to the dryness of the state’s budget. The state’s currency declined drastically: from 1 Dollar equivalent to 2,500 Rupiah, it dropped to 16,000 Rupiah. The country did not have money. Null.

When my parents returned, they had nowhere to stay. They were homeless.

So, my grandfather offered to lend them his house in Depok, it was more than enough. My mother was carrying a 3-month old foetus. They needed somewhere to stay.

Big cities such as Bandung, Medan—including the capital city, Jakarta—was filled with political demonstrations.

It was not a full-blown riot yet, but the tension was already deeply felt.

And a baby’s kicking in my mother’s womb was also deeply felt in the month of April, a month before Soeharto was succeeded by President B.J. Habibie, 3 months before I came to the world.

❈ ❈ ❈

IN JANUARY 2002, my father was stationed in New Mexico City, his third diplomatic posting; my first. I was 3 years old when we packed our entire house into brown shipping boxes and moved all the way to the west hemisphere.

I was a minority in my school, the only Southeast Asian in my class, the only one whose native language was not Spanish. The only one who had trouble speaking any language at all for that matter. Yet I was considered the smartest. I was thriving in that school. I spoke fluent Spanish in a span of a year. I was able to surpass all of the Spanish native speakers in my class. I received praises from my teachers.

“Bravo Dhea! Tu es muy inteligente!”they exclaimed, heart-warmingly satisfied with me. Well done Dhea! You are very smart!

“Muchas gracias señorita!” I responded.

“I am so proud of you querida”

I was perhaps the happiest girl in the room.

I never received praises from my parents. I don’t remember them ever congratulating me for obtaining a perfect score on my Mexican History test nor when I received a sticker at the corner of the page of my story-telling paper.

It was only then, when my teacher approached me, that I was genuinely praised for something I did. And I was proud of being a minority.

The school I went to was a private school located nearby my apartment in Calle de Emerson. It only took approximately a 10-minute walk, and yet I was always marked tardy. My homeroom teacher would always scould me during morning assemblies.

“Dhea, come antes ocho.”Before eight. The daily language is Spanish and most of the students came from around Mexico or South America. My father enrolled me here due to the close proximity from the apartment.

What one of the things I liked about this school is that we got to go to the outskirts of town for Physical Education class since the school could not fit in every grade in the basketball court they owned. We were escorted by a huge bus. My grade consisted of nearly 35 students. It felt like a herd of cows being placed in a very cramped truck; so noisy with students chanting Spanish songs through the entire trip.

On the way back from the sports arena, my friends and I played a game of truth or dare. I chimed in even though I found the game just a tad stupid. A bunch of people absentmindedly admitting to doing whatever dare they were dared to do. I find it very odd. But it was fun to see the stupid things they would gladly do for fun and laughter.

I VOMITTED ON THE FLOOR OF THE BUS.

No one helped and instead I heard booming laughter.

My friend dared this girl named Carla to stick down her tongue down my throat and that was when I wanted to withdrew from the game because I didn’t want to.

She violently pinned my shoulders to my seat and swiftly and forcefully put her tongue all the way down my trachea and I could feel my feet flailing in the seat. It reminded me of that time my mum had to chase me down with a spoonful of antibiotics on her, and she finally caught up to me and forced it down my mouth. Except this was traumatising. I kept pushing her away from me until she finally removed herself from my mouth. It lasted for nearly 2 minutes.

Seeing this, Leonardo dared me something vicious and terrorizing.

He smirked.

I stayed silent the rest of the way back to school.

❈ ❈ ❈

THE THING ABOUT ME IS that I will not open up to anyone even if you’ve gave birth to me, raised me, fed me, piggy-backed me, and swung me in the air. I would still not spill my darkest secrets or my traumas until you dig it out of me, unscrewed the rusted box you’ve found buried deep inside me with a machete, and lifted the long-listed sheet of paper filled with my despair.

But my parents never pried.

Nor did my friends.

They never asked. And I simply stayed silent. That’s how I became a very reserved girl at a very young age. I learnt to bottle-up as a premature habit.

I still remember that day on the bus on our way back from the sports arena somewhere near Polanco, as clearly as the summer skies of Tunis. Two countries later, and the memory still persists. I don’t remember every detail of my childhood in Mexico but it’s funny how the moments you try to forget are sometimes the one that clings in your head. Funny how the things you want to strip off your memory are the ones that cling so desperately and you’re unable to dispatch of it. And the things you want to remember are the ones that gradually fade away with time. Memories work in wondrous ways.

It’s been 9 years and I can still feel it.

His skin was smooth like a baby’s scalp.

I can still hear the unclasping of his belt as he removed his uniform and revealed dangling skin. And as he pulled his trousers down to the floor of the bus, he violently grabbed the back of my head and pushed me down so I would come mouth to mouth with his penis. Yes. That’s the word.

And my eyes would open wide with bewilderment. Tears formed at the edge of my eyes.

Back and forth.

He would rock my head back and forth and a cunning, mischievous smile would form.

I SAW THE WAY MY DAD HELD ME in his arms from the album pictures; the way my blanket was draped around my little body, swaddled with love; the way my little fingers wrapped around my dad’s thumb just eloquently gripping with adoration; the way I buried my head in my dad’s chest smelling his fresh odour. Suddenly all of those things that I don’t remember came rushing in like a tsunami; unexpectedly and harshly. Inexistent memories to me yet existent to the very core to my dad.

Miracle baby.

A girl!

Mine.

Voices resonating my insides, trembling with uninhabited feelings, trying to wrangle me out of my subconscious. I remember the dishevelled hair when he wakes up, the way his footsteps reverberate through the walls of the house, how his bone structure shaped his broad shoulders, his tanned-to-dark skin that was always being shit-talked.

Twenty

Twenty-One

Twenty-Nine

White-round-tiny pills. The irony of overdosing on the medication that was prescribed to help you.

Thirty

And all is dark.

And the last thing I remember is my dad yelling my name wrangling me awake, only to find an empty prescription bottle and a a bottle of vodka on the floor.

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ashlations · 7 years

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5 Things I Wish I Had Known When I Began Learning Specific Languages

We all make mistakes.

In over two decades of language learning, I’ve made my fair share of them. Just like learning a single language is a process, learning how to learn languages is a process, too.

Generally speaking, there are no shortcuts to this process. You only get better with time, effort, and deliberate practice.

One thing, however, which can speed up the process—if not shorten it altogether—is tolearn from the mistakes of others. To learn the lessons others learned through struggle, error, and failure, and to do your best not to repeat them.

I’ve done this many times. I’ve been fortunate to surround myself with many excellent language learning role models over the years, and I’ve learned from them all.

But this article is not about how I’ve learned from the mistakes of others.

It’s about how you, dear reader, can learn from my mistakes.

Today, I want to share with you five things I wish I had known when I began learning specific languages. It is my hope that you can take these lessons, learned from my own mistakes and failures, and put them to use in your own learning, to ultimately speed up your own language learning success.

1. When Learning Close Languages, Start Speaking Early

Sometimes, it’s so easy to get stuck in a routine that it’s difficult to notice when other approaches would give much faster results.

Take, for example, the time I began learning Portuguese in 2008.

I had already had a well-developed learning method that I had tried and tested with several other languages. Part of this method required me to study a language using its corresponding Assimil course for an entire 6 months prior to actively speaking it with natives. This was my plan for Portuguese.

While this is well and good for most languages, I was overlooking one huge fact: I should have started speaking much, much earlier!

You see, Portuguese is a member of the Romance language family, meaning that it is descended from Latin.

At the time I started Portuguese, I had learned and mastered two other Romance languages: Spanish, and my native Italian.

Since Portuguese, Spanish, and Italian have lots in common in terms of grammar, vocabulary, phonetics, and syntax, I didn’t actually have to absorb a whole lot of new information to be able to speak Portuguese well. All I had to do was “convert” a lot of my underlying Spanish and Italian knowledge into correct Portuguese.

Since Portuguese was a “close” language to languages I already knew well, it turns out that I didn’t have to wait six months to start speaking it—I probably didn’t even have to wait six weeks!

The time one should wait to speak a language depends very much on the individual and his or her own language experience, but I know now that when learning very close languages, it’s much more efficient to speak as early as possible, since a lot of the skills and knowledge of a previous language can transfer to the new one.

2. When Learning Distant Languages, Keep it Simple

The amount of linguistic diversity on the planet is staggering. Languages are incredibly complex, and they can differ from one another in both subtle and obvious ways.

This diversity means that just because a routine or approach has helped you learn one, two, five, or ten languages, it won’t necessarily be just as successful in helping you learn the next one.

This was the lesson I learned from Japanese.

As I mentioned in the Portuguese example above, my language learning method focuses primarily on gaining input (listening and reading) for six months to a year, before then focusing on output (speaking & writing).

Typically, once I reach the end of the input phase in a particular language, I’m able to build up my speaking skills very quickly, and converse at an intermediate level or higher.

This is how it worked for many of my previous languages. Even difficult ones, like Russian, Polish, and Mandarin Chinese.

I had no such luck with Japanese, however. Once I began trying to speak, I was confused to find that I couldn’t, even after many attempts at conversation.

Here, the problem was the opposite of the one I had with Portuguese: instead of it being too close a language, Japanese was too distant from any language I had previously learned.

More specifically, every other language in my repertoire at the time had a Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) syntax. This means that they form sentences like “I (subject) ate (verb) the cake (object).”

Japanese doesn’t do this. It has, instead, an SOV word order, meaning the above sentence in Japanese is structured as “I the cake ate”.

If you’re accustomed to SVO languages as I was, trying to speak in an SOV language feels like a mental juggling act, as you suddenly have to start building sentences in a way that feels almost entirely backwards.

Now, I did know at the time that Japanese has a different word order. The problem is that I started speaking Japanese by trying to form sentences that would have been easy in SVO languages, but were far too complicated to manage in Japanese. Sentences with multiple clauses—something like “I started learning Japanese because I think Japanese culture is fascinating”—were most often the culprit.

Had I known then what I know now, I would have avoided these complex sentences entirely. While I could express them after a year of learning an SVO language, they simply weren’t appropriate for Japanese. Instead, what I needed to do was simplify things as much as possible.

Japanese syntax was so new to me that I needed to go back to basics; in essence, to speak like a child speaks. This means starting with a focus on simple sentences (such as “I’m learning Japanese” and “I like Japanese culture) and gradually working up to forming more complex sentences through connectors (“I’m learning Japanese because I like Japanese culture”). This “bottom-up” approach would have helped me grow accustomed to the new syntax while avoiding the mental stress of trying to say things that are above my level.

If you are trying to learn a language that is extremely different from any you have learned before, I recommend this approach. At the beginning, simplify everything as much as you can, until you’re comfortable with the basics. Once that happens, build up your tolerance for complexity, but do so gradually. And don’t be afraid to resimplify if you get overwhelmed!

3. When Learning a Language with a New Script, Acquire the Right Tools Quickly

Language learning difficulties can often arise in the most unexpected of places.

When I started learning Russian in 2004, I had already been forewarned many times about the maze of declensions that is the Russian case system. As such, if I was going to struggle with Russian, I figured it would be with its grammar.

Fast forward to four months later, and I was just about to give up learning Russian altogether.

The cases, surprisingly, were not the culprit. While challenging, they didn’t make me want to quit.

It was Cyrillic that nearly drove me to the edge.

Yes, Cyrillic, the nearly-Latin, nearly-Greek alphabet that looks oh-so simple, was giving me fits.

And here’s the thing—I could read and handwrite it with no problems!

When it came to typing, however, I was at a total loss.

I tried learning the Russian keyboard, but it was completely alien to me. Even the letters that Cyrillic shares with Latin (“M”, “T”, “O”, “P”, etc.) were in completely new positions, so learning to use the Russian keyboard would be starting from scratch. I didn’t have the patience for it.

So, I resorted to a different method. One that was much simpler, but much, much slower: I input each letter from the symbols menu, one character at a time. Needless to say, typing anything longer than my name was a complete nightmare. Entire text conversations were practically impossible.

What I needed then were better tools. Clearly, the Russian keyboard and Symbols menu weren’t going to help me get the job done.

I eventually did find the right tool for the job, in the form of something now known as Google Input Tools. This is a browser-based text window that converts text in the Latin alphabet to the Cyrillic alphabet automatically. This allows me to type in Russian while still keeping my keyboard layout the same.

Knowledge of typing resources like Google Input Tools helped me immensely once I tried to learn Mandarin Chinese, which also has a completely different script from my own. Though attempting to type in Chinese characters could have been another Cyrillic-esque nightmare, an application known as Google Pinyin helped me communicate through text without any added stress to my learning.

If you wish to learn a language with a script that’s unfamiliar to you, I strongly advise that you find the tools you’ll need to handwrite and/or type as soon as you can, and learn to use them right away. Look for the option that will get you writing or typing the fastest, without slowing down your learning. You can always look into more complex options later.

4. When Learning a Tonal Language, Use a Top-Down Approach

Amongst language learners, tonal languages are notorious for their difficulty. If you don’t already speak a language with tones, the very idea that the meaning of a word can change according to its pitch can be hard to wrap your head around. This is why many people who are learning languages like Mandarin Chinese, Cantonese, Thai, or Vietnamese can often struggle mightily when trying to speak.

When I started learning Mandarin Chinese in 2008, I tried to tackle the tones using the usual bottom-up approach that is usually recommended to learners. This means that I started by learning and memorizing the tones, then applying them to the smallest “tonal units” (syllables, in this case) and then combined those units into larger pieces (words) and then combined those into even larger pieces (sentences).

When it came time to pronounce a sentence, then, I had to run through the whole procedure every time: remember the tone number of each syllable, then put the syllables together, then the words together, then the sentence. Mentally, it was a lot to keep track of all at once—and due to a phenomenon called tone sandhi, it’s not always even accurate.

Unsatisfied with the mental acrobatics required by the method, I looked for something better. And I eventually found it.

One day, I stumbled on a surprising fact about children who speak tonal languages natively: they don’t use tone numbers!

I realized then that tonal language speakers don’t piece a correctly toned sentence tone by tone, syllable by syllable, like learners usually do. Instead, they learn tones in chunks—either entire phrases or sentences—and can work down from there if necessary.

This “top-down” approach is much more intuitive, and eliminates the confusion caused by tone sandhi, since you’re not focused on tone changes at the syllable level.

If you’re learning a tonal language, then I recommend you take this top-down approach to learning tones, and avoid the headaches that bottom-up approaches can cause.

5. Practice Proper Phonetics From the Beginning

Having a proper mastery of the phonetics of a language is immensely important if you want to be understood by natives.

The example of learning Chinese tones (above) is one of the more common and obvious examples of this. If you can’t handle the tones, it will be very difficult for people to know what you are trying to say.

Tonal languages are considerably rare, however, so it’s easy to think that you can ignore something like intonation when learning languages that don’t have complex tone systems.

But that’s not quite true. And I found that out the hard way.

In 2008, I posted my first video on YouTube. In it, I displayed my skill in the eight languages I knew at the time.

The video was well-received, and I got a lot of good feedback.

For one language, however, I received comments I wasn’t sure what to make of.

A few people noticed that my intonation was off for Swedish. I found this odd, since I had never had any major intonation troubles with other European languages, and already spoke related languages like German and Dutch at a high level.

I initially chalked it up to YouTube commenters being overly critical, but the comments kept coming. So I decided to look into it.

It turns out that even though Swedish is not a tonal language, it can be considered a “semi-tonal” language, as it has a phonetic feature called “pitch accent”. This means that certain Swedish words can be intoned in two different ways, each intonation having a separate meaning.

This is an important feature of Swedish phonetics that I had only found out about (or at least paid proper attention to) nearly two whole years after beginning the language. By that time, the improper intonation was already deeply ingrained into my Swedish, and undoing all that “damage” would take years of hard work.

Since then, I’ve spent considerable time and effort in re-learning Swedish intonation, but I haven’t managed to completely eradicate the former, erroneous patterns with my speech.

This is why I implore you to focus on phonetics as early as you can when learning a language. Practice pronunciation and intonation and get frequent feedback so that you can eliminate errors as soon as they arise. Errors that get ignored or left alone tend to fossilize, and can be much more difficult to eliminate later on. If you want to speak as naturally as possible in your languages, don’t make that mistake.

Conclusion

Twenty-two years of language learning experience has taught me a whole host of lessons. Some I have learned from other learners, some I have learned from my own success. Most of them, however, I’ve learned from my own mistakes.

Of course, it is possible for you to make the same mistakes that I have made. However, if you learn from the above five lessons, you won’t have to. In the end, this will make your language learning experience much easier, quicker, and more rewarding.

Written by Luca Lampariello and Kevin Morehouse

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