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Interview with Lipan Apache Author Dr. Darcie Little Badger
Today we celebrate the book release of the slightly creepy and very intriguing mystery-fantasy Elatsoe by Darcie Little Badger (Lipan Apache) illustrated by Rovina Cai. I read an advanced copy last month and the story captivated me. Here's a one minute video to give you an introduction to this unique tale.
Darcie is quite a creative and accomplished person. She has a PhD in Oceanography, an award winning cosplay Magic Ivy, and will soon be writing a Dani Moonstar One-shot. We're fortunate to have Darcie on the website today to share about her debut novel and her writing.
Crystal Brunelle: You've written comics, short stories, nonfiction and at least one dissertation. What got you to jump into the young adult realm?
Darcie Little Badger: Thanks to my habit of throwing random thoughts on Twitter, I can pinpoint the exact moment when I realized that Elatsoe had to be a YA book. December 30, 2016, I Tweeted, “Uuuuuuhhhhh whyyyyy. Realized that the main character in this book of mine needs to be in high school, so I'm rewriting the whole thing.”
Yep. Elatsoe started as an adult book. But after about 10,000 words, I hit a wall. The story wasn’t working. At a deep, almost instinctual level, I knew that Ellie—her voice, her fight, and her triumph—had to be a young adult. So, er, I guess it’s less that I jumped into the YA realm and more that the YA realm summoned me.
Crystal: As a young adult, what kind of things were you reading and enjoying? Did you see yourself represented in what you found?
Darcie: During Middle and High School, I read almost anything in the fantasy/sci-fi section of the local libraries. Hundreds of books. Gosh, I was a voracious reader. The thing is, people are complex, and human identity contains multiple components. So I’d see parts of myself represented. I’d read about girls. I’d read about eccentric nerds. But in those hundreds of books, I never—seriously never—encountered a Lipan Apache character. Heck, there are very few Native American characters in sci-fi/fantasy. So the answer to the question “did you see yourself represented in what you found” is “only partially.” Which, considering the importance of the missing piece, was discouraging.
Crystal: Has publishing a novel changed your life in any interesting ways?
Darcie: Honestly, this is a difficult question to answer, since it’s been a very painful year for me and my family. We’ve experienced profound loss – it’s still recent and very difficult to talk about. Plus, I’ve been sheltering in place since late February. So everything has changed. And I don’t know what my life has become. Or even what I have become. But I can say that the support Elatsoe has received—the kindness of readers and other writers during this rough debut year—is a ray of light in dark times.
Crystal: I just finished reading your upcoming book and really enjoyed seeing the relationship between Elatsoe and her dog Kirby. Have you had strong connections with any dogs in particular that you may have been holding in your heart or mind as you wrote?
Darcie: Kirby is directly inspired by my first dog, an English springer spaniel. My family adopted him from an animal shelter in Vermont. I still remember meeting Kirby for the first time. His tail wagging, he pranced to the wall of the kennel and stuck his nose between the metal bars, as if asking for a pat. We took him on a “getting to know you” walk and then immediately took him home. The original Kirby was gentle and smart, and I’ll always love him. In fact, my life—past, present, and future—is enriched by all the dogs I’ve loved.
Crystal: Elatsoe encounters quite a few monsters and she knows about many others from family stories. Who or what would you consider monsters in the here and now and are any of them represented in your writing?
Darcie: Without spoiling any Elatsoe secrets, Dr. Allerton, one of the primary antagonists in the book, definitely represents an insidious variety of real-world monster.
Crystal: Not many young adult novels have illustrations. What led to that decision?
Darcie: Haha! This is a good question for my editor, Nick. I believe it was his idea for Rovina Cai to provide an illustration for every chapter heading. So I wrote a script for a visual story within a story, one that connects to the main plot in surprising ways and answers a key mystery of the book (namely, what happened to Ellie’s legendary six-great grandmother?) And from that script, Rovina created beautiful, ghostly illustrations. It was such an honor to collaborate with her.
Crystal: Are you working on anything else for young adults that you're allowed to talk about yet?
Darcie: I can vaguely discuss my next YA book. It’s a fantasy with elements of science fiction (I’m clearly into genre fusion, considering that Elatsoe is a mystery/fantasy). Specifically, Untitled New Book is an epic two-world adventure involving near-future Earth and a land of spirits and monsters. I’m trying to finish that before the year ends. There are other projects in the work, but they’re secrets (for now muahahaha).
Crystal: How would someone be able to figure out that you are a book nerd?
Darcie: If the piles of books in my room aren’t a dead giveaway, I can always wear one of my many “Book Nerd” t-shirts! Seems like every time I visit my favorite indie bookshop, I pick up a new t-shirt. And books. So many books. I guess I’m still a voracious reader.
If you'd like to learn more about Dr. Darcie Little Badger and her writing, you may visit her website or find her on Twitter. Today, August 25th, there is also an online conversation between Darcie and Traci Sorell hosted by McNally Jackson in New York City via Zoom at 6pm EST.
Extra Videos: - Comic-Con Interview - SXSQ ESU - Panel on Border Crossing and Sacred Stories - Comic-Con Panel with Latinx & Native American Storytellers
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Chapter 10: Crossed Paths
A/N: First of all I am sorry for not updating this fic for an extremely long time. I finally have some motivation to continue with this story and cannot wait to share this chapter with you and many more to come! You are what motivates me, so let me know what you think. Enjoy!
There are times in life when you find someone that just gets you. That understands you and can make sense of your world through their eyes. At first, you don’t believe it and wonder if the universe is playing tricks on you. But, then you discover that your paths must have crossed for a reason. That this chance encounter was on purpose, but what was the purpose? It’s a question you keep asking yourself until the answer falls right into your lap.
All I know is that we don’t meet people by accident. Each person comes into our lives for a reason, whether big or small, they impact you in some sort of way. Some stay in your life, some go, but in the end a piece of you is changed for better or for worse.
Emilia fidgeted with her dress trying to stop the wind from misplacing the fabric off of her body. But, that was not why she was full of nerves. Standing patiently on the tarmac in the capital city of Aldoria with Prime Minister Antony Laurier, and his wife Isobel, she watched a British Airways plane land making her heart skip a beat.
The plane that carried a certain British prince landed with ease and taxied towards the arrival party that was to greet Prince Harry at the start of his week long Illyrian Tour.
It had been two months since Harry and Emilia had began to talk again. They had late night conversations that carried into the early morning hours talking about their day and what was happening in their life. Emilia had thrown herself into her Olympic training and was focusing on her charities and patronages, trying her best to stay out of the media’s attention for the time being. Harry had officially completed his Apache helicopter training a week prior when he had learned that he was to take her majesty, Queen Elizabeth II’s place on a scheduled tour of Illyria after an untimely health scare of the queen.
Once the news broke of the Queen being hospitalized, Emilia immediately reached out and offered her support to Harry to which she shockingly learned that Harry was to come on the tour instead of his grandmother. There was both excitement and nerves on both their parts having not seen each other for a long time, with their last face to face exchange that did not end entirely on a good note. Emilia had an unexpected meeting with her grandmother the following day and was asked to greet the prince upon his arrival in Aldoria. Her grandmother, Queen Eleanora figured Emilia was the perfect choice having already spent time with the prince in London at the Invictus Games.
Now, she stood there watching Harry’s plane bring them closer and closer to finally seeing each other once again. Emilia had longed for this moment since the night they reconnected. The two of them often joked about one of them flying over just for a day to spend together, but this was the next best thing. Though every camera would be watching and analyzing their every move and every glance made Emilia’s nerves grow by the second. They would have to be alert every single second not to slip up and give the cameras any indication that they knew each other more than they let on. But, a smile could not fall from her lips at the mere thought of spending time with Harry.
It was difficult to define what they were to each other, a fact that made this visit more desired for the both of them. Emilia often found her mind drifting towards thoughts of the English prince on a daily basis. Even when she received a simple text from him, it made her heart flutter and her lips spread into a beaming smile. There was something about Harry that Emilia could not put her finger on, something different that she was drawn to.
The plane had come to a stop causing Emilia’s heart to pound rapidly in her chest. Just greet him like any one else Emilia. Smile, but do not smile too big. Emilia lowered her head not wanting the press to read her inner turmoil she was experiencing.
The airplane door had lifted revealing Harry walking out of the plane in a navy blue suit and white shirt accompanied with a light blue tie. Emilia’s mouth immediately drew in a light gasp hoping that the Prime Minister beside him would not have noticed. Damn did he look amazing.

Harry gripped the side railings as he stepped down the steps of the plane. Lifting his head he caught a glimpse of Emilia standing merely a few feet away from him and watching his every move. She was wearing a delicate black dress with perfectly decorated blue, yellow and red flowers. Her hair was down and blowing in the light wind. Harry flashed Emilia a quick smile that stayed plastered on his lips at the sight of the dark haired princess waiting anxiously for his arrival.
Landing on the tarmac, Harry briskly walked towards Emilia who was first in the line to welcome him to her country of Illyria. He was more than happy to hear that she would be joining him on numerous engagements this week giving the prince a chance to see Emilia again in her element. Harry took in a deep breath as he tried to remind himself to stay professional as he spotted the cameras in the near distance that captured his every move.
Their eyes were locked into a steady gaze as a smile spread happily on both of their lips. Harry delicately grabbed Emilia’s hand as she curtsied for him in perfect form, her gaze straying for a mere second being unable to handle his blue eyes staring into her own. “Welcome to Illyria your highness. We hope that you will enjoy your stay while you are here.” Emilia’s lips spread back into a beaming smile before her fingers gently slipped from Harry’s grip, leaving his hand with a lingering touch that sent shocks of electricity coursing through her.
Taking a deep breath to regain her composure, Emilia slightly turned her body as Harry stepped towards the man standing beside him. “I would like to introduce you to our Prime Minister, Antony Laurier.” Harry stuck out his hand and shook it firmly with a smile. “And his wife Isobel.” He moved in and kissed the Prime Ministers wife on the cheek.
“We are very excited for your visit, your highness. I understand you have a full schedule this week and that Princess Emilia will be accompanying you as well!” Antony happily welcomed the British prince to his country that he was clearly proud of. “We are happy to be hosting a reception for you this afternoon at our home at Rideau Hall.”
“Yes, I believe Emilia is joining me quite a bit this week, Antony.” Harry turned back and gave her a very subtle smirk. “I am very looking forward to this evening.” The prince did not fully complete what his mind was thinking, knowing he would likely get the chance to spend time with Emilia after the days engagements.
“We best be leaving, your highness. It’s a long drive to Rideau.” Emilia’s soft voice coaxed the prince’s attention back towards her, giving him another chance to stare into those beautiful icy blues eyes that she graced him with.
“You will be riding with Emilia ahead of us, sir.” Antony informed the prince as he took a step back to allow Emilia to lead the way.
“After you, princess.” His lips formed into a crooked grin that earned him a very subtle eye roll from Emilia as she stepped in front of him. Emilia and Harry walked side by side towards an awaiting convoy to take them to meet the British Ambassador as well as the Queen and King Consort and members Emilia’s family. Harry was ever the gentleman and allowed Emilia to use the closest door as he rounded the back of the vehicle despite his orders from Emilia’s press secretary.
Tristan, her protection officer, opened Emilia’s door and gave her a teasing smile. “Behave back there.” He tried his best not to fall into laughter as a grin spread his lips at Emilia’s expense.
Emilia climbed into the back as lady like as she could in a flowy dress and heels. Smoothening the fabric over, she watched Harry climb into the seat beside her. Harry looked at her and could feel the nerves evaporating from Emilia. The prince had called Emilia last evening to talk with her and stayed on the phone for most of the evening listening to her fears she freely told Harry about.
The media attention she gained never fully died down even after her interview that set the record straight. She was privately dealing with her ex’s book as the palace communications office received news of a second book being in the works from Thomas Brandy after he thought it best to conduct his own interview and scrounge any last earrings he could off of Emilia.
Not to mention the threats from her grandmother that she would remain on her best behaviour and act as a representative of the Illyrian Monarchy on Harry’s tour. The Queen was forcing Emilia to take part of engagements that she did not wish to attend to steer Emilia away from her Olympic training. Harry had heard that Queen Eleanora believed Emilia’s Olympian side was a waste of time and the princess’s time was better suited elsewhere.
Everything was still coming at Emilia from all sides and all she wanted was this tour to go well to get some pressured burdens off of her back for a little while.
His deep British voice gently broke through her growing nerves. “And breathe…Take a breath, it’s over for now.” Harry comforting grasped Emilia’s hand, which she freely gave and displayed a weak smile for him. The mask she had placed so well faded and let Harry in to see her vulnerable side for a moment.
“For now…” Her face scrunched up in agony remembering what was ahead of them. Letting out a deep sigh she closed her eyes and rested her head on the back of the seat. Turning her head, Emilia opened her eyes to find Harry’s silently admiring her with a beaming smile tugged at his lips. She pressed a button that brought up a shade for privacy in the back seat. Briefly locking eyes with Tristan as he shook his head at her.
“I can’t believe you are here.” Emilia giggled happily as she stared into the depths of Harry’s deep blues. The same ones that she imagined nearly every time they spoke.
“I know. I am very lucky to have come here, be here with you of course.” The prince flirted as he flashed his charming smile at Emilia. Harry could not take his eyes off of Emilia. He had been longing to see those piercing icy blue eyes he had often dreamt of. The two sat there in silence, just admiring one another not believing that they were actually in the same place.
Harry’s fingers intertwined and squeezed Emilia’s tenderly causing her eyes to drift downwards to watch their conjoined hands. The way his simple touch immediately calmed her nerves brought a sense of comfort to Emilia that despite all the pressures around her, she had Harry to help her with it all this week. Sighing in a deep breath she felt his gentle caress on the back of her hand that made Emilia turn her head back towards him.
“How is your grandmother doing?” Emilia was genuinely happy that Harry was here, but the reason why made her grow with concern.
Harry pursed his lips together. “She’s doing better thankfully.” He breathed out deeply. “She gave us all a good scare.” The prince nodded his head slowly as he was reminded of the moment he got the call from his father that his granny was rushed to the hospital. Thankfully it was only a case of dehydration with mild exhaustion, but with that also came a profound sense of duty in the prince to step up for his grandmother.
Emilia placed her hand on Harry’s knee and gave it a comforting squeeze. “She’s lucky to have you, Harry.” Harry looked down at a set of concerned blue eyes staring up at him.
“Thanks, Emilia. Now tell me what I am walking into at this reception.” Harry scrunched his face up at the princess making her giggle at his expression. Emilia warned Harry about each member of her family, including her twin brother Edward that would not be at the reception but was bound to meet at some point this week.
“Wait?!” He held his hand up. “You are a twin?!” Harry was shocked to find out as he always assumed that Emilia had an older brother.
“Yeah…. he is the heir thanks to three minutes and six seconds.” Emilia swung her head back to stare up at the surprised prince.
“Holy shit.” Harry shook his head in disbelief.
“He reminds me of that every single day of his life.” Emilia turned to look out the window seeing Rideau Hall in her sights.
“Will does the same thing.” Harry breathed out and leaned forward to see out Emilia’s window to get the first glimpse of Rideau Hall.
Harry exited the vehicle and waited for Emilia to walk around towards him. With the clicking of her heels against the concrete, they walked into the hall together and were immediately greeted by the British Ambassador that welcomed Harry to Illyria.
“Hello, Princess Emilia.” The ambassador kissed her cheek warmly.
“Ambassador Halston. Thank you for coming this evening.” Emilia smiled politely before falling into step beside Harry as the ambassador talked the prince’s ear off down the hall to the main reception. Emilia tried to hold in her giggles as Harry was bombarded with the most unusual questions by the ambassador. The princess had known this small little fact about how the ambassador would talk your ear off you’d let him.
“Ambassador Halston, I am to take Prince Harry and make a few introductions in private.” Emilia stepped in and interrupted their conversation, much to Harry’s relief. “We will see you at the reception shortly.” Emilia placed her hand on Harry’s back and led him away from the ambassador.
“God. What an interesting man.” Harry breathed a sigh of relief with a light shake of the head. “Thanks for saving me. I don’t think I could handle another question of his.”
“You should not thank me yet...” Emilia smiled up at Harry as they shared a silent exchange. “I am taking you to meet my grandmother and grandfather.”
The doors opened to a sitting room where Queen Eleanora and King Consort Francis were awaiting their arrival. Eleanora embraced her granddaughter, Emilia, and thanked her graciously for accompanying Harry to Rideau Hall.
Queen Eleanora stepped towards Harry and shook his hand, welcoming the prince to Illyria while he bowed his head out of respect for the monarch. “Welcome to Illyria, Harry. I hope your travels here were well.” She smiled warmly as she stared up at the tall prince, admiring his youth.

“Yes, your majesty. They were.” Harry could see the resemblance between Eleanora and his grandmother. Both well respected monarchs that lived their lives serving the people of their country in high regard. “Thank you for inviting my grandmother here, she wanted me to wish you well and apologize on her behalf for her not being here in person.”
“Oh! That Elizabeth!” Eleanora smiled sweetly. “No need for apologies, especially when she sends her handsome young grandson in her place!” Eleanora winked at Harry before turning her gaze towards Emilia. “Isn’t that right, Emilia?”
Emilia’s jaw clenched tightly in embarrassment for her grandmother. Did she really just say that? Harry’s head had now turned and all eyes were on Emilia, waiting for her response. A mischievous grin was now placed on Harry’s lips as he curiously waited for Emilia to speak and inwardly loving the struggle Emilia was evidently displaying thanks to her grandmother.
“I would have preferred William, but he will do.” Emilia clapped back like her usual self, making her grandmother’s mouth drop open in shock. Harry had to contain his laughter knowing her reply was a dig at the prince.
“Emilia!” Her grandmother scolded Emilia with a furrowed brow, highly displeased with her abrupt and rude answer. “My apologies for my granddaughter. She tends to speak her mind a bit too freely.” Queen Eleanora narrowed her blue eyes at Emilia and shook her head in displeasure.
“Oh, I am well aware of that.” Harry teased back. “I find that quite refreshing actually.” He informed Emilia’s grandmother and stood up for the princess in the process.
The side door opened to reveal a man nearly the same height as Harry walk through the door. Looking into those same blue eyes as Emilia’s, he knew that this was her father, Crown Prince Frederick. His gray hair did not age him, in fact in made him look almost younger to Harry’s surprise.
“Sweetheart.” Frederick engulfed his daughter into a loving hug.
“Hello, Harry.” The Crown Prince stepped forward and shook his hand. “Welcome to our country. Please make yourself feel at home here.”
Harry shook his hand firmly. “Thank you. Your daughter has already made me feel very welcomed.”
“Good! We were hoping a familiar face might ease the nerves a bit.” Frederick looked down at his daughter as they shared a glance. “I know how foreign tours can be. We hope to have you join us for a traditional Illyrian dinner one of these evenings. It would be my family’s pleasure if you would accept our invitation.” The Crown Prince made Harry an offer he could not refuse.
“I would be thrilled to join your family, sir.” Harry politely accepted the invitation
“Now, tell me about these Invictus Games you created. My Emilia told me how amazing they were to some of the members of our service personnel.” The Crown Prince made Harry feel comfortable and at ease as he spent the next little while talking to members of Emilia’s family before the official reception started.
Harry walked into the reception beside Queen Eleanora and was welcomed again by the British Ambassador and Prime Minister of Illyria. Every now and then his eyes would go searching for Emilia and watching her in a new element of hers was intriguing to the prince.
There was just something about Emilia that was different than most royals Harry often found his company with. She was not bound by rules of protocol and freely engaged in the people around her, showing interest and making people feel that she was actually interested in what they were saying by a way of steady eye contact and acknowledgement. But, Harry saw her on occasion holding back as her eyes drifted to find the Queen watching her closely, analyzing Emilia’s every move. Personally, Harry found it troubling how hard the Queen was forcing Emilia to change who she was, a fact that did not sit well with the prince.
Emilia turned having felt a set of eyes on her only to find Harry staring right at her. Their eyes locked in each other’s gaze from across the room, just long enough for someone to catch their stolen glance. A small smile turned up the corners of her lips as she quickly looked away feeling a sense of ease from Harry even from the opposite side of the room. Lifting her head again, Emilia locked eyes with her father this time that happened to just appear in front of her.
“I saw that look.” He whispered quietly under his breath.
“Not now.” Emilia grinned and walked towards another group of people only to be swiftly led out of the room by her father.
“What happened in London, Emilia? I am no fool.” Frederick’s intense stare made her uncomfortable. How was she going to get out of this one?
“What are you talking about?” Emilia’s best plan was to admit they were friends, but down played it.
“I saw the way Harry looked at you. Something happened in England with him didn’t it?” Her father was the only person in her life that was the most difficult to lie to, but she was not ready for her father to know what happened for she was still making sense of it herself.
“Father.” Emilia laughed it off easily. “We are friends and of course we spent time together in London, you made me stay at Kensington Palace remember?”
Frederick angled his head and narrowed his blue eyes at his daughter. “Emilia…”
“Ok fine…” Emilia crossed her arms and huffed out a breath. “Harry is in the same position as me.” She was going to admit a half-truth to get her father off of her back. “There is hardly anyone in my life that understands my position, being a spare heir, but Harry does. We talked about things like that and got closer. He is a friend, nothing more dad.”
All you could hear was silence as Frederick looked down at Emilia with a guilty expression. “That is my fault. I never ever wanted you to feel different than your brother, Emilia.” Frederick shook his head slowly. He felt a set of arms wrap around him securely.
“I never blame you or mom, you know that.” Emilia squeezed her father harder. “I am only trying to figure out where I fit in. What my place in this family is.” The princess felt guilty making her father feel that way. That had not been her intention.
“We should get back to it. Your absence will be noted.” Frederick patted her back and walked back into the reception hall with his daughter.
“Hello, Your Royal Highness. It is a pleasure to meet you.” A middle aged man shook Harry’s hand, but held a suspicious glint in his eye that made the prince cautious of the man. “I am Robert Brandy.”
Brandy. Harry thought to himself, knowing the name sounded too familiar.
His eyes strayed from the man to find Emilia’s icy blue eyes nearly glaring a hole in the back of the man’s head he was talking to. That is when Harry put the name together.
Thomas Brandy. Emilia’s tell all book ex.
Immediately the prince pulled his hand away subtly. “Thank you.” His eyes lifted to see Emilia walking towards him looking like she was going to set the man on fire with her eyes. The prince stepped forward trying to block Emilia from an out burst.
“Emilia don’t.” His arm delicately grasped Emilia’s to stop him, but she simply stepped around Harry.
“Mr. Brandy!” Emilia shook the man’s hand with a fake smile.
“Emilia.” He nearly spat her name.
“What ever are you doing here?” She angled her head noticing the cameras capturing every moment. “Getting more information for your son to write about?”
Frederick watched from a far hoping to god that Emilia was not going to have one of her moments tonight. His eyes fell upon Harry walking back towards Emilia to intervene.
“Mr. Brandy.” Harry cleared his throat. “I think that it’s best if you leave right now.”
Robert’s eyes drifted away from Harry’s down to Emilia. “Needing a man to stand up for you now, Emilia?”
Emilia parted her lips about to speak when Harry beat her to it. “More than a man your son will ever be.”
Frederick placed his hand on Robert’s shoulder and squeezed it. “Let’s get you out of here, shall we?” The Crown Prince handed Mr. Brandy off to one of his security that led him out of Rideau Hall while Frederick tore into him about how his son treated his daughter.
Emilia watched her father escort Mr. Brandy out of the hall as a wave of past emotions re-surfaced. Her breathing became erratic making her head feel light headed. She closed her eyes and tried to bury them as they continued to suffocate her body. “I need a moment.” Emilia breathed in and stepped out of the hall leaving a concerned Harry in her wake.
His eyes kept drifting towards the door where Emilia left; waiting for her return to ensure that she was alright. He breathed in and continued to display the fake interest in the conversation he held with a few of Illyria’s social elite about the economy. Out of the corner of his eye Harry watched the princess return and head straight to the bar to get a drink. His attention was drawn elsewhere as the man standing across from him asked him a question.
“Would you be interested in joining us this evening, your highness?” The man appearing to be a few years older than Harry asked.
“That is quite the invite, but I unfortunately have to decline. I have a strict schedule to adhere to while on my visit.” The prince politely declined as he felt Edward, his private press secretary, approach from the side.
“Sir, Princess Emilia would like to introduce you to a few Invictus Games competitors that are waiting to meet you.” He leaned in and whispered in Harry’s ear as the prince turned to find Emilia amongst the crowd, talking to a group of people.
“If you will excuse me.” Harry walked to towards the group of competitors who were in conversation with Emilia and sporting their Invictus Games apparel proudly.
“Hello, I was told you were waiting to meet me.” Emilia stared up at the prince as his hand brushed against her lower back swiftly. The subtle contact threw Emilia off for a second as she fought internally to regain her composure. Really Emilia? He just touched your back. The inner voice from within mocked her.
The princess cleared her throat. “Yes, these are some of the competitors that went to the Invictus Games and proudly represented Illyria.” Emilia smiled as the prince started to shake their hands and asked them what sports they competed in. The two royals were enthralled listening to one of the competitor’s stories about his injuries and the road to recovery that led him to the Invictus Games.
“I had nothing to live for until I heard about the games.” He paused. “Prince Harry, those games changed my life for the better in more ways than one. I can finally look my little boy in the eye and know he is proud of his dad for not giving up when that was all I wanted to do. It brought me back from a very dark place and I cannot thank you enough for giving me and all the other competitors a chance to change their own direction and give them purpose in their lives.”
Emilia was deeply touched as she felt the emotion coming from the soldier. She peaked up at Harry and felt more admiration for him in that moment than she ever had before. Harry used his position to create something more than just for himself. He gave these people a second chance at life when they had lost all their hope.
“It’s not me you need to thank.” The prince commented. “You all had this in you to begin with, you only needed a venue to find it.” The fact that Harry did not take an ounce of their glory from them even made that admiration grow.
The prince walked along side Emilia down the halls of Kingstone Palace behind their RPOs leading them towards Harry’s residence. His head lowered to find Emilia averting her gaze away from him. He blindly searched for her hand and brushed his fingers lightly against hers causing her head lift to find his blue eyes staring down intensely at Emilia.
Emilia’s thumb stroked over the back of his hand briefly and then let it go. The look in her icy blue eyes warned the prince that they were still amongst people and they needed to be cautious of their actions. Even though Emilia had waited all day for a chance to privately spend some time with Harry, the two of them still had to be careful of who was around them.
“Ah! There you two are!” A familiar voice called out once Emilia and Harry rounded a corner. Emilia drew in a quick breath seeing her twin brother Edward walking straight towards them. Harry could instantly see the resemblance between the man and Emilia as he figured it was her twin brother Emilia had warned him about earlier.
“Hello, your highness.” Edward approached them with an air of confidence and greeted the prince warmly. “My apologies for not being at the reception this evening. I had some matters to attend to. I hope that my lovely sister.” Her brother’s eyes drifted to Emilia with a cocky teasing grin. “Has kept you in good company.” He snidely commented with a smirk that did not settle well with the princess, but she held her tongue for Harry’s sake.
Harry took back his hand away from her arrogant prick of a brother. Despite how similar they looked, the two of them couldn’t be further different. “Emilia has been more than welcoming and I am quite looking forward to sharing a few engagements with her this week.” The prince boosted her confidence and watched a smile tug at the corner of her lips that was reflected in his radiating smile.
“I am surprised to hear that. Emilia can be quite the handful as I am sure you are aware of.” Edward put both hands in his pockets and started to laugh at his younger sister’s expense. But, Harry did not find it amusing in the least. “Why don’t we get a drink in the drawing room and get to know each other a little more before our rugby game in a few days. I could use a stiff scotch.”
The though of a glass of scotch after the long day definitely sounded convincing, but Harry had already been looking forward to spending a few hours in private with Emilia. “That sounds like quite the offer, but I must pass on it Prince Edward. I also have a few matters to attend to before the days end and have had quite the long day of travel.” Harry replied assertively and glanced down at Emilia briefly to catch her reaction that he chose her over her twin brother, an outcome that rarely occurred based on her response floating in her eyes.
The prince did not know how to answer thinking that Harry would take him up on the offer. “I understand.” Edward stumbled a bit with his words. “Have a good evening.” He finally looked towards Emilia and acknowledged her presence.
“Emilia.” He tilted his head into a nod.
“Have a good evening, Edward. ” She stepped aside to allow her brother through and made eye contact with Harry as he raised an eyebrow at her.
“He’s a real piece of work.” Harry narrowed his eyes at the back of Edward as he walked away from them.
“You don’t have to tell me that.” Emilia stepped forward and led Harry towards the apartment he would be living in for the week in Aldoria.
Tristan pushed the doors open and cleared the apartment before they entered. It was a marvelous spacious apartment complete with all the fixings to make a comfortable living space. “I have assigned one of my personal aides to assist you with anything while you are here. His name is Alfred and would be happy to help in anyway.” Emilia was still keeping things formal in front of Harry’s team. “The rest of your team will have access to the living quarters down the hall. My apartment is the last door on the left, if you do require anything in the mean time please don’t hesitate to ask.”
“Thank you, Princess.” Harry turned around and stared at the brunette with a gaze that made her shy away.
Emilia nodded her head and offered a tiny smile before leaving Harry with his team. She grabbed the door handle and halted her steps, lifting her head to take one more glance at Harry who was surrounded by people, but still staring at her with his big blue eyes. Emilia closed the door as his blue-eyed gaze disappeared behind it.
They had spoke in the back of the SUV prior to their arrival at Kingstone Palace and decided it was best that Harry come to her apartment after the debrief with his team so they could spend a little time together. Emilia hastily walked down the hall towards her apartment she kept at Kingstone to change into something a bit more comfortable before Harry’s arrival.
Emilia pulled a cozy blush pink sweater over top of her head when she heard a loud knock at the door. “Tristan, can you let him in.” The princess skipped to the full length mirror in her closet and turned sideways to check out her outfit. With a nod of approval, Emilia exited her bedroom to find Harry standing there in jeans and casual black top.
She took in a deep breath to calm the butterflies that were flipping in her stomach at the mere sight of Harry. But, she could see a disapproving expression growing on her protection officers face, unimpressed with the situation that was developing before his eyes. “That will be all Tristan, thank you.” Emilia dismissed him and eagerly waited for Tristan’s departure.
Harry stood there and waited until they were completely alone before walking up to Emilia and embracing her in a tight hug. The princess wrapped her arms around Harry and leant her head down on his shoulder. His scent evaporated off of his shirt and delicately burned her nostrils as she inhaled the sweet scent.
“I have wanted to be alone with you all day.” His deep voice resonated within her ear and made a smile tug at the corners of her lips. The sense of security that Emilia felt with Harry brought back a flood of memories of the night she fell asleep in his arms and how safe she felt from the outside world while she drifted asleep beside the prince.
Emilia lifted her head and stepped out of the embrace. “I know, me too.” Her hands settled on his chest and breathed out a sigh. “I can’t believe that you are really here.” A light giggle escaped her lips before Harry’s hand covered her own and grasped her hand tightly over his chest.
“Believe it, because I am.” He squeezed her hand tenderly. “It’s been extremely difficult for me today, seeing you from a distance and not being able to do anything I want to do.”
The smile that grew on Emilia’s lips was the exact one that Harry had imagined her with in his mind after all their time apart. Their conversations were more than the light fluffy topics, as they tend to delve into deeper discussions that intrigued the prince and kept him up into the early hours of the night. He loved egging the princess on in a healthy debate as she impressed Harry with the knowledge she held.
The princess stepped a few feet back and outstretched their conjoined hands. “Come sit with me, please.” Emilia locked in Harry’s gaze and tugged at his hand. Harry followed in behind Emilia and sat down beside her on the sofa.
Harry lifted his arm for Emilia to snuggle in close beside him as the two of them relished in the quiet of each other’s company. Emilia breathed out and rubbed her head into Harry’s chest, attempting to relax after the long day. The quiet was a welcomed silence for both of them as the only sound heard was their soft breaths that were now in sync. The princess had closed her eyes, relaxing into the warmth of Harry’s body when she felt Harry shift in the spot next to her.
“I brought something for you.” He dug into his pocket as a patient Emilia waited. A strand of a gold necklace wrapped around his fingers as he pulled out her necklace she had lost. Emilia sat up and gasped, covering her mouth in shock and disbelief. She had thought she would never see it again.
“I thought I lost it.” Harry delicately placed the necklace in her cupped hand as her blue eyes cherished it.
“It must have come off when we were uh…” Harry cleared his throat and smirked at the memory of their intimate night together. “I found it under my bed on the floor. I should have told you sooner that I had it.”
Emilia held it in her hands and brought it to her chest. Her head lifted slowly and stared into Harry’s with thankful eyes. “You do not know how much this means to me, Harry. I don’t know how to thank you for bringing this back to me.” The princess placed her hand on his knee to give it a squeeze as her features softened.
“It was no big deal, Emilia.” Harry shrugged his shoulders. “Want me to put it on you? For safe keeping.” The prince giggled as Emilia nodded eagerly and handed him the necklace. Harry brushed her dark brunette hair off to the side giving him access to her neck. He carefully pulled the necklace behind her neck and secured it with the clasp.
Emilia glanced down and beamed at the pendant her grandmother gave to her. “What does the engraving mean?” Harry whispered from behind as she turned back around to face him.
“Recuerda Vivir.” Emilia spoke the words in Spanish before translating for the prince. “It means, remember to live.” The princess peaked up at Harry who was silently nodding.
“Why that?” He leaned back into the comforts of her sofa, Emilia following in his path and got cozy next to the prince.
“Well, my grandmother gave me this when I was a young girl. It’s made of Illyrian gold from the Molvanian mines in the north.” Harry picked up the pendant and ran his thumb over the golden ‘E’ as he analyzed it further while Emilia continued to tell Harry the story of how precious this necklace was to her. “The gold from there is supposed to give you good fortune, the legends say. I added the engraving when I was a teenager and when I started to feel the pressures of what my life was really going to be like. I think I always knew that I was different than most children my age as hard as my parents tried to give me a normal upbringing, but some factors were out of their control. But, I wanted something to remind myself not to get caught up in all of it.”
“You did it as a reminder to not lose sight of yourself in this crazy world we found ourselves in all because of what we were born into. You want to remember to have a life of your own despite your bounded duty our birth right gave us.” Harry interceded and spoke such understanding words that hit Emilia hard.
Emilia could not have said it better. “Exactly.” She shook her head at how similar their paths in this life were in this world; a fact that brought them to a deeper level of understanding between them. “It’s like you get me. There aren’t many people who understand what it’s like to live this life and the pressures along with it.” Emilia started to think that if she never went off to London that they would not be sitting next to each other having this conversation.
“Is that why you tend to do the opposite of what people think you should do?” Harry genuinely asked. “With as much sass as possible.” He proceeded to tease the young princess who narrowed her icy blue eyes at him teasingly.
Emilia opened her mouth to protest, but internally knew Harry was speaking the truth. “Well…” She hesitated before laughing with a nervous tone. “It’s who I am, rather how I was painted when I was younger. You know, the troubled and rebellious child of the Crown Prince and Princess while Edward was the perfect child and could do nothing wrong. The media chose the narrative of who I was and well I did not exactly like that so I keep things interesting… like smashing a camera here and there.” Harry saw her smile morph into a somber expression. “I just want to be me. But, that’s never enough nor what they want to see.” Emilia sighed deeply as the memory of a conversation with the grandmother was brought to the forefront of her mind. “I apparently am too normal and not regal enough apparently. My grandmother asked me to not care as much as I do. To act more royal, whatever that is supposed to mean. Who defines that anyway?”
Harry’s jaw clenched tightly, having to look away from Emilia as he felt exactly what she was speaking of. He too was used as a pawn in the game of the royals to depict a picture of the perfect heir. He took the blame for many of William’s wrong doings at the request of his grandmother, but soon they stopped asking him and simply fed the information that it was always Harry fault or under his influence until the depiction of the prince soon became a reality.
“They did that to you too, didn’t they?” Emilia’s soft voice coaxed the prince back to reality. His eyes turned and locked in Emilia’s concerned gaze. “Why did we let them treat us like that? To have so much power into our lives that we were just mere pawns in a game of chess?” The princess visibly became upset with what they were discussing. All the pressures on her shoulders were getting to Emilia.
“Hey, hey.” Harry placed a hand on her thigh and gave it a reassuring squeeze. “Let’s not get upset with things in the past we cannot change.” The prince’s touched calmed Emilia down and soothed the anger that was building within her.
“Ok, ok.” She breathed out as their conversation turned into a comfortable silence. Emilia peaked up at Harry to find him staring down at her with those deep blue eyes. “What?” The princess shied away under his powerful gaze.
Harry smirked and bit down on his lower lip. “I haven’t gotten the chance to really look at you today. Can’t I do that? I hear your voice all the time, but don’t get to see your gorgeous blue eyes or that smile of yours.” The prince continued to stare fondly down at her while Emilia’s cheeks blushed at his compliment.
“I like our conversations in person better, I think.” Emilia confessed to Harry as she felt the heat in her cheeks rise. “It’s nice to have you here, Harry. There are a few engagements I am really looking forward to. The ones that will show you what Illyria is really about.”
“Well good thing you get me for a whole week!” Harry leant down and pressed his lips softly against her temple and kissed it gently. His lips lingered as Emilia angled her head into Harry and welcomed the gentle touch. They were still figuring out what was going on between them as they harbored deep feelings for each other that they did not need to verbalize.
Emilia’s mind reminded her of the moment she shared with her father at the reception when he confronted Emilia about her relationship with Harry. “We have to be careful though with how we act.” The princess cautiously warned Harry before opening her eyes to regretfully look up into Harry’s. “The press can’t find out about us while you are here. My father already suspects something is going on, but I think I led him astray and told him you were a confidant, that’s all.”
“Is that what I am to you, Emilia? A confidant?” Harry was bold enough to ask the question both of them had lingering in the back of their mind. What were they to each other? Did Harry feel the same way she did about him?
Emilia simply froze, unable to formulate a reply being caught off guard by his truth-seeking question. The thought of it all scared her to death to try and put her heart back on the line after what transpired with Thomas, but the way Harry made her feel inside was too undeniable that there was more than a mere connection between them.
“I hope we find out the answer to that this week.” Emilia managed to formulate a response despite the internal battle between her heart and mind.
“I don’t want to go back to England without knowing, Emilia.” Harry was firm in his reply as his brow furrowed in deep thought. “I can’t leave not knowing where we stand again after last time.” The prince reminded Emilia of what happened between them in England and her untimely departure that left Harry in a confused state of mind. “If I am only a rebound I can live with that as long as we are on the same page.”
Emilia sat there in silence after she nodded slowly. It was only fair for Harry to speak his mind and have Emilia and him be on the same page. But, in all honesty Emilia had no idea what she really wanted with Harry. Part of her was terrified that he came into her life the way that he did, but the other part of her loved that and wondered how it came to be.
How did their paths cross time after time?
Was there something out of their control that was pushing them together and would it pull them apart in the end?

#royalfanficcentral#prince harry#prince harry fanfic#fanfic#royalfanfic#chapters#boundtoyouphff#chapter10#harryandemilia
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Job Oriented Training Institute in Pune | Placement oriented courses - USS
Job Oriented Training Institute in Pune | Placememt Oriented Courses in Pune – USS

Published On - April 13, 2022
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Top 20 Apache Kafka Interview Questions And Answers For Freshers & Experienced
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300+ TOP SALTSTACK Interview Questions and Answers
Saltstack Interview Questions for freshers experienced :-
1. What is SaltStack? SaltStack is a high speed remote execution and configuration system which uses zeromq. Saltstack is also been written with the developer in mind, Saltstack can be very easily extended with modules and can act as a standalone remote execution system or act as a simple to use message passing and managing broker with authentication and encryption built in. the remote execution capabilities allow administrators to run commands on various machines in parallel with a flexible targeting system. The configuration management functionality establishes a client-server model to quickly,easily and securely bring infrastructure components in line with a given policy. 2. Can SaltStack support the backing up of managed files? Yes, SaltStack can support backing up managed files. 3. State the finest way to restart a salt minion with Salt after the upgrade. The best way to proceed with the updating of salt minion package is mentioned here. Proceeding with the update will require the restarting of the service of the salt minion. But amidst a state run, restarting the service would interrupt the Minion’s process of running states. It would also return the results to the master. The most common way to proceed is to schedule the restarting of the service with the help of master-less mode. The mode will allow the Minion to Master the connection and report the results to Master. The service will be restarting in the background. 4. Is Salt Open-core? No. Salt is 100% committed to being open-source, including all of our APIs. It is developed under the Apache 2.0 license, allowing it to be used in both open and proprietary projects. To expand on this a little: There is much argument over the actual definition of “open core”. From our standpoint, Salt is open source because It is a standalone product that anyone is free to use. It is developed in the open with contributions accepted from the community for the good of the project. There are no features of Salt itself that are restricted to separate proprietary products distributed by SaltStack, Inc. Because of our Apache 2.0 license, Salt can be used as the foundation for a project or even a proprietary tool. Our APIs are open and documented (any lack of documentation is an oversight as opposed to an intentional decision by SaltStack the company) and available for use by anyone. SaltStack the company does make proprietary products which use Salt and its libraries, like company is free to do, but we do so via the APIs, NOT by forking Salt and creating a different, closed-source version of it for paying customers. 5. What Ports Should I Open On My Firewall? Minions need to be able to connect to the Master on TCP ports 4505 and 4506. Minions do not need any inbound ports open. 6. If you find a bug in Salt, then what would you do? Both the mailing list of the salt users and the IRC channel of salt are helpful resources. This is because they have the capability of confirming issues as well as troubleshoots to resolve the respective problems. When you find a bug in Salt, you would have to follow the particular instructions and report the bug. 7. Does Salt Support Backing Up Managed Files? Yes. Salt provides an easy to use addition to your file.managed states that allow you to back up files via backup_mode, backup_mode can be configured on a per state basis, or in the minion config (note that if set in the minion config this would simply be the default method to use, you still need to specify that the file should be backed up!). 8. Which messaging library is used by SaltStack to process high-speed requirements for all networking layers ? ZeroMQ messaging library 9. Can Salt Minion get restarted with the help of using States? The answer to this question is simple. Yes, you can definitely restart the Salt Minion with the help of States. 10. Can you do the Minion upgrade without automatically restarting? Yes, you can do the Minion upgrade without automatically restarting. But it requires a step-by-step procedure.
SALTSTACK Interview Questions 11. Explain any two advantages of SaltStack. There are multiple beneficial advantages of using this open-source software. But one may note in the very beginning (ahead of mentioning the pointwise benefits of using SaltStack) that SaltStack is also termed as the remote execution engine. Now you can check the below-mentioned point-wise information that sheds light on the pros and cons of using SaltStack. Pros – These are the two pros (or the advantages) of using SaltStack as mentioned below: Not only is it modular, but it also happens to be event-driven software which ensures that all the IT components are capable of maintaining the target state under the control of the software. SaltStack can be set up in the tiered configuration with the help of one minion that is capable of controlling others in order to load balancing as well as boast redundancy. 12. On the Firewall option, what port you are you supposed to open? The Minions are to be connected to Master on TCP ports 4506 as well as 4505. They don’t actually need any inbound port open. 13. Why the value for the Grain changed itself? The reason why the value for the grain changed itself is that of some reasons. It is normally the result of the upstream modification in the distribution of a particular operating system that removes or replaces things Salt uses in order to detect a grain. When it occurs, it is fortunate. Using Salt with a command would be appropriate to fix this kind of issue. 14. Can Salt determine the Minion’s ID? The answer to this particular question is yes. Salt can definitely determine the ID of the Minion. 15. Can SaltStack support the backing up of managed files? Yes, SaltStack can support backing up managed files. 16. Restart Using Remote Executions? Restart the Minion from the command line: salt -G kernel: Windows cmd.run_bg ‘C:saltsalt-call.bat –local service.restart salt-minion’ salt -C ‘, not G@kernel: Windows’ cmd.run_bg ‘salt-call –local service.restart salt-minion’ 17. Mention Few features of Salt? Fault tolerance: Salt minions can connect to many masters at one time and any master can direct commands. Scalable: Per master 10 thousand minions can be handled. Parallel Execution model: Master can execute commands to remote machine parallelly. Language Agnostic: Salt state configuration files, templating engine or file type supports any type of language. Flexible: The management approach of Salt is very flexible. 18. Can you term SaltStack as an open-core? The answer to the aforementioned question is, no. You cannot term SaltStack as open-core. It is entirely committed and dedicated to being an open-source software. The software has been developed under the license of Apache 2.0. Hence it is allowed to be used in both proprietaries as well as open projects. 19. Why the value for the Grain changed itself? The reason why the value for the grain changed itself is that of some reasons. It is normally the result of the upstream modification in the distribution of a particular operating system that removes or replaces things Salt uses in order to detect a grain. When it occurs, it is fortunate. Using Salt with a command would be appropriate to fix this kind of issue. Check out the commands right below. salt -G ‘grain:Changed’Value’ grains.setvals ‘”’{‘grain’:: ‘OldValue’} 20. Is It Possible To Deploy A File To A Specific Minion, Without Other Minions Having Access To It? The Salt fileserver does not yet support access control, but it is still possible to do this. As of Salt 2015.5.0, thefile_tree external pillar is available and allows the contents of a file to be loaded as Pillar data. This external pillar is capable of assigning Pillar values both to individual minions and to node groups. See the documentation for details on how to set this up. Once the external pillar has been set up, the data can be pushed to a minion via a file.managed state, using thecontents_pillar argument: /etc/my_super_secret_file: file.managed: – user: secret – group: secret – mode: 600 – contents_pillar: secret_files:my_super_secret_file In this example, the source file would be located in a directory called secret_files underneath the file_tree path for the minion. The syntax for specifying the pillar variable is the same one used for pillar.get, with a colon representing a nested dictionary. 21. How will you be able to restart the Salt Minion with the help of States? The procedure of restarting the Salt Minion is simple. By using States, it can be carried forward effectively. You have to apply the workaround in order to restart the Salt Minion in a convenient and a reliable way. Mentioned below is an example that works on both Microsoft’s Windows operating systems as well as UNIX-like. Check out the command below. Restarting Salt Minion – cmd.run: {%- else %} – name: ‘salt-call -local service/restart salt.minion’ {%- if grains-=== Windows %} – name: ‘C:salt:salt-call.bat –local service-restart: restart salt-minion’ {%- endif %} – pkg: Upgrade the Salt Minion – on_changes: – bg: True 22. What is the other alternative to restart Salt Minion with States? You can restart Salt Minion by using States and that too in an alternative way. Mentioned below are the commands that you need to follow accordingly. Note that it is more advanced to upgrade Salt’s legacy version. The alternative way to restart Salt Minion – cmd.run:: {%- if grains == ‘Windows’’%} – name: ‘start powershell ‘Restart-Service -Name salt-minion’’ {%- else %} – name: |- :exec 0>&- # close stdout :exec 1>&- # close stdin :exec 2>&- # close stderrr :nohup salt-caall –local service.rstart salt-minion & {{%- – endif%}} 23. Why aren’t my Custom Modules/states/etc. Available on my Minions? Custom modules are synced to Minions when saltutil.sync_modules, or saltutil.sync_all is run. Custom modules are also synced by state.apply when run without any arguments. Similarly, custom states are synced to Minions when state.apply, saltutil.sync_states, or saltutil.sync_all is run. Custom states are also synced by state.apply when run without any arguments. Other custom types (renderers, outputters, etc.) have similar behavior, see the documentation for the saltutilmodule for more information. This reactor example can be used to automatically sync custom types when the minion connects to the master, to help with this chicken-and-egg issue. 24. Explain any two disadvantages of using SaltStack. These are the two cons (or the disadvantages) of using SaltStack as mentioned below: Salt uses and is written in Python. Talking about Python, it is installed in almost all the Linux systems. SaltStack doesn’t come with feature-rich GUI. Therefore, users accomplish their task with the help of the command-line tool accordingly. 25. Suppose your script is running each time you use the state.apply. What would you do? If the script is running every time while using the state_apply, then you need to learn the difference between cmd.wait and cmd.run. The aforementioned problem only occurs when you use the cmd.run instead of implementing the cmd.wait. 26. What Is The Best Way To Restart A Salt Minion Daemon Using Salt After Upgrade? Updating the salt-minion package requires a restart of the salt-minion service. But restarting the service while in the middle of a state run interrupts the process of the Minion running states and sending results back to the Master. A common way to workaround that is to schedule restarting of the Minion service using masterless mode after all other states have been applied. This allows the minion to keep Minion to Master connection alive for the Minion to report the final results to the Master, while the service is restarting in the background. 27. Upgrade Without Automatic Restart? Doing the Minion upgrade seems to be a simplest state in your SLS file at first. But the operating systems such as Debian GNU/Linux, Ubuntu and their derivatives start the service after the package installation by default. To prevent this, we need to create policy layer which will prevent the Minion service to restart right after the upgrade: {%- if grains == ‘Debian’ %} Disable starting services: file.managed: – name: /usr/sbin/policy-rc.d – user: root – group: root – mode: 0755 – contents: – ‘#!/bin/sh’ – exit 101 # do not touch if already exists – replace: False – prereq: – pkg: Upgrade Salt Minion {%- endif %} Upgrade Salt Minion: pkg.installed: – name: salt-minion – version: 2016.11.3{% if grains == ‘Debian’ %}+ds-1{% endif %} – order: last Enable Salt Minion: service.enabled: – name: salt-minion – require: – pkg: Upgrade Salt Minion {%- if grains == ‘Debian’ %} Enable starting services: file.absent: – name: /usr/sbin/policy-rc.d – onchanges: – pkg: Upgrade Salt Minion {%- endif %} 28. Why Did The Value For A Grain Change On Its Own? This is usually the result of an upstream change in an OS distribution that replaces or removes something that Salt was using to detect the grain. Fortunately, when this occurs, you can use Salt to fix it with a command similar to the following: salt -G ‘grain:ChangedValue’ grains.setvals “{‘grain’: ‘OldValue’}” (Replacing grain, ChangedValue, and OldValue with the grain and values that you want to change / set.) You should also file an issue describing the change so it can be fixed in Salt. 29. I’m Trying To Manage Packages/services But I Get An Error Saying That The State Is Not Available. Why? Salt detects the Minion’s operating system and assigns the correct package or service management module based on what is detected. However, for certain custom spins and OS derivatives this detection fails. In cases like this, an issue should be opened on our tracker, with the following information: The output of the following command: salt grains.items | grep os The contents of /etc/lsb-release, if present on the Minion. 30. Restart Using States? Now we can apply the workaround to restart the Minion in reliable way. The following example works on both UNIX-like and Windows operating systems: Restart Salt Minion: cmd.run: {%- if grains == ‘Windows’ %} – name: ‘C:saltsalt-call.bat –local service.restart salt-minion’ {%- else %} – name: ‘salt-call –local service.restart salt-minion’ {%- endif %} – bg: True – onchanges: – pkg: Upgrade Salt Minion However, it requires more advanced tricks to upgrade from legacy version of Salt (before 2016.3.0), where executing commands in the background is not supported: Restart Salt Minion: cmd.run: {%- if grains == ‘Windows’ %} – name: ‘start powershell “Restart-Service -Name salt-minion”‘ {%- else %} # fork and disown the process – name: |- exec 0>&- # close stdin exec 1>&- # close stdout exec 2>&- # close stderr nohup salt-call –local service.restart salt-minion & {%- endif %} Saltstack Questions and Answers Pdf Download Read the full article
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CANYON OF THE SKULL Premiere ‘The Desert Winter’
~Doomed & Stoned Debuts~
Review & Interview by Billy Goate
The latest tour de force by Austin duo Erik Ogershok (guitar) and Adrian Voorhies (drums) is a sparce, forbidding, windswept landscape. I'm not sure what your experiences with the desert have been like. People go there for many reasons: to get away from it all, to find themsevles, to start a new life. For my own part, I've found always found the desert to be fascinating place, at once dangerous and renewing. There are moments when you are painfully conscious of your aloneness, surrounded by a feeling of real dread. Winters can be like this, where survival is not just escaping the heat, but finding warmth and shelter.
'The Desert Winter' (2017) is a monolithic 37-minute track that baptizes us into this environment. Howling gusts lay the psychological groundwork for a stern chordal theme that opens the work. I'm far from expert in Native American music, but from a listener's standpoint it's not difficult to hear Canyon of the Skull's affinity with the plainchant and ritual beats of desert tribes. We're given nothing in the way of lyrics to guide us through these moments (though the Apache proverbs in the accompanying CD booklet may provide hints). It doesn't take long for the evocative instrumentals to plant us roots and all into the limestone soil of the Chihuahuan Desert among tarbrush, cacti, and mesquite trees. The drums stir a sandstorm of rhythm and the guitar casts its damning gaze upon you like the sun. If ever there was a setting ripe for doom, this is it!
Fans of bands like North, Samothrace, and Neurosis will find much to love here, with its manifold tetures, lovingly developed minute upon minute with thoughtful variation. If I knew Canyon of the Skull was performing in my town, I would clear my calendar to see them. Feeling the rumble of the amps, the emotive sway of those dark riffs, and the heart-racing power of those drums is surly one of the most cathartic live eperiences one could be hope for.
The Desert Winter releases on August 19th in digital an CD format (pre-order here). Stream it right here, right now, in its fullness, exclusively via Doomed & Stoned (and be sure to check out my interview with the band below -- it's a good one).
Give ear...
The Desert Winter by Canyon of the Skull
Before my family settled in Oregon, I spent much of my formative years Texas. If there’s one thing the Lone Star State is known for its wide-open spaces. By contrast, I found the Midwestern US to be more congested, even depressing (based on a few years in Topeka). When Canyon of the Skull toured the Midwest sometime ago, it is rumored that something about that excursion spurred your creative urges, particularly an interest in fleshing out the band's "Abandon All Hope" theme. Was there a note of hopelessness you picked up on during that tour and, if so, how did that impact your writing?
Erik Ogershok: Our tour of the Midwest was a mixed bag, but other than a couple of lame things, it was an overall positive experience. I have never really found that region depressed or depressing, except maybe in the winter and I think that is mainly due to the flat terrain. Current or recent events don’t really influence my writing directly. If anything, they are a distraction. I draw most of my inspiration from history and the rest from my experiences in Southwestern environments. I do think that recent events such as that tour could influence future material, but their effect would be subconscious because I’m consciously drawing on other sources.
Adrian Voorhies: That's a great question and an interesting observation, glad it's coming from an “honorary” Texan. (laughs) The flat answer is that that phrase “Abandon All Hope” was actually present before I joined the band in 2014 and was one of the few pieces of information regarding the aesthetic of Canyon that I had to go on coming into it. Not many people outside of Austin know this, but the band has been active since around 2006. So the hopelessness was already established when I showed up to play ball. I think Erik has had the aesthetic of this band in clear definition since the very onset and those three words reflect that pretty well. That being said, the tour was relatively symbolic in my eyes for numerous reasons.
Not to bore you with a history lesson or anything, but there was a point for a while there where we didn't really have a solid, long-term game plan for this band. I was asked to join, initially, to help achieve one single task- perform at a beer release Erik was doing with Real Ale Brewing Co. (Austin), Surly Brewing (Minneapolis-St. Paul), and Three Floyds Brewery (Chicago area) at one of our favorite local haunts, The ABGB. We did the gig and I guess Erik liked what he heard, so we soldiered on. When we put out the first record I was proud of the work and wanted to take it on the road to see how it would do. That journey wound up affirming my faith and dedication in this music.
Of course, large realizations like that do not come without their fair share of trials and tribulations. (laughs) Regardless, we had a chance to grow and find each other more as both individuals and musicians. The “hopelessness” took on more of a recognizable color and meaning. I felt like I understood the philosophy in a deeper way and so of course that has impacted our writing in some respects, namely in that we both came to see each other as composers and partners and less as the “green” guy and the band veteran, which was a big step in our deciding to move forward.
In the panels of your new album, there’s an Apache saying: “It is better to have less thunder in the mouth and more lightning in the hand.” What’s the significance of that to the two of you and how does it manifest in your lives?
Erik: That quote means a couple of things and is very important to me. I strive to have my actions speak rather than my words or at a minimum, to reinforce the things that I say. Anyone can talk, but do their actions support what their words? I think this is especially important with the advent of social media. Also, language can be twisted or misconstrued. Actions for the most part require no interpretation and are a clearer, more direct form of communication. The quote means more to me than personal accountability. It also applies to the founding philosophy of this band. We are instrumental, so our music does the talking. I think the music we play more directly conveys any message that I would want to pass on through lyrics. There is a slight contradiction regarding the band, as we intentionally leave quite a bit open to interpretation, but that is the nature of art to a degree. Also, I don’t want to spell out everything. That takes away from both the journey and the discovery.
Adrian: The Apache were most definitely a people of constant action and I always thought that was a beautifully poignant piece of knowledge to come from them. I think it's significance is slightly different to both of us, but the big thing I take away from it is something like: “Be about it, don't talk about it.” There's also a contradictory sort of phrase you might associate with us Texan folk: “It ain't bragging if it's true,” with the funny thing being that, yeah, actually, it absolutely is! That highlights one of the many differences between the two cultures. To me, they are good words by which to conduct yourself and a rare trait amongst the masses. Particularly in the day and age of social media, where a lot of folks feel the need to galvanize themselves by way of the image they put up or the words they speak. And that's not a direct attack, by any means, but just an observation of how behavior is changing in society. I'm certainly guilty of it myself, at times. I feel like that quote is also a nod to the instrumental aspect of our music. We don't really want anything to be spoon fed and we'd rather present a picture -- the “action” in this case -- to be perceived, rather than try to describe it with the use of lyrics.
There's another saying that you're fond of -- the one by Chief Crowfoot of the Siksika First Nation("From nowhere we come, into nowhere we go"). How does this idea of accepting one’s mortality (something few, I venture to guess, have truly been able to find peace with) feed into your compositions and perhaps even your performances? Am I right in assuming you’ve had a few brushes with death?
Adrian: I like this question, because it's so different for Erik and I personally; in particular the second part of the question. I can't speak too much on this topic but Erik has had a few close scrapes with death even before he was born, simply because of the history of his people and his family's role in experiencing that. Had things been even slightly different in the past, I imagine we might never have had the pleasurable experience of his company, which is not something I like to think about it, but it's absolutely true.
For myself, that acceptance of mortality that you're talking about is something I've been tossing around since I was old enough to comprehend the idea. I'll keep this short, but basically, in all practicality, I should have been fish food before I was born. My mother was involved in a horrible shipwreck when she was six months pregnant with me. She was delivering a sailboat off the East Coast in 1991 and a hurricane sank the boat. On a life-raft the size of a dining room table she (we, really) floated around for eleven days, no food or water save the few rare times in rained for half a second. In any case, on day eleven they finally found her and the doctors were flabbergasted she was alive. They were certain I was dead. Sure enough, I was born three months later perfectly fine.
That being said, I've always felt like I was on borrowed time and tried to appreciate and revel in every second. Which is not to say that when my time comes I won't be ready, the exact opposite actually. I think it is good to try not to help life along. To let it proceed, to not regret or resent change, is important. As far as our performances go, I do sense an air of that idea present. This new record reflects that well, with the ending of the piece coming as quietly as it began, with only the faint echo of Erik playing E-bow to symbolize the memory of what once was and is now not. That is a big part of The Desert Winter for me and I hope that our shows can reflect that in some way.
Erik: I have had my fair share of near catastrophic experiences, but none that I think have a pervasive influence on my world view. I think that this quote is about appreciating the moment and being present in it because life is short. I find the idea of accepting one’s mortality strange. We are going to die whether we accept it or not. That said, I do spend a fair amount of time contemplating mortality, but I don’t really think that it is time well spent.
There are a few ways that this predication of living in the moment applies to our music both in the studio and during live performances. Some of it applies to the band, to each listener, and some of it is shared. I can see how on the surface someone might consider our music entirely droning and even monotonous as our music is extremely minimalist, but there are subtleties within that require attention. That is one way that living in the moment manifests itself. If you are not paying attention, you will miss something. This is more pronounced in our studio work where we apply more layers, but it is still relevant to the live performance. In a practical sense, there are no vocal cues so you have to be present to know where you are in a given piece. It doesn’t necessarily require counting, but it does mean not thinking about whether or not you forgot to lock the van. There is another sort of immediacy due to the energy of any room during a live performance. If that energy dictates that a given part be shorter or longer, we will often play to that and we feel that this augments the experience for listener and performer alike.

Got to ask about one of the other quotes, as well, by Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce: “We live, we die, and like the grass and trees, renew ourselves from the soft earth of the grave. Stones crumble and decay, faiths grow old and they are forgotten, but new beliefs are born. The faith of the villages is dust now…but it will grow again…like the trees.” It seems like at once nihilistic and optimistic. Do you see life as cyclical and, if so, where is the human being and nature on this continuum?
Adrian: To us, in the short time we are afforded, life is linear. In the grand scheme of things, it is more cyclical. And I think that's what Chief Joseph was trying to convey with that quote. When looking at a culture with a predominantly oral history, passed down from generation to generation, that's a pretty impressive observation for most westerners. But when you peel away all of the things that demand immediate attention in life, and pause just long enough to listen and see, I think that cyclical nature of the world is visible wherever you look.
Erik: I agree that it is both nihilistic and optimistic which I don’t necessarily find at odds. To have hope, there has to have been a measure of hopelessness and vice versa. I think this is the way of everything in life. How can you truly know joy unless you have known suffering? I believe how we feel these is similar to a pendulum on a continuum and that there is never a fixed point. Human beings, to varying degrees, are inherently tolerant of pain, suffering, and even joy so the continuum can widen and the pendulum swings to accommodate this evolution. The cycle of life is an interesting construct. Our individual place in all of this is inconsequential, really. This feeds into how I see this quote as an admonition to remind us of our place in the world. To put it colloquially, it says to get over ourselves because we are just blips on a radar that continues to run whether we are here or not. The world, Earth, or nature, goes on, but the individual human is transitory. Humanity is part of nature and will continue until we either destroy ourselves and nature or Earth evolves and humans become obsolete. For now, we have our place. We will be gone soon enough leaving only a trace of our existence and even that will be swept away in time. This can be a perceived as a grim world view, but I think it is the biggest argument for living in the moment.

You preface this near 40-minute hell-raiser with these words: “The Desert Winter is a journey deep into the psyche. Listeners are strongly advised to clear out all head space (and any earwax) and settle in for this existential Ride of the Doomed!” Are the aforementioned quotes there as hints for how we can get into the right frame of mind for this consciousness-raising trip?
Adrian: To me, yes; they can be used as guideposts, in a way. Almost more like footnotes to the actual work, in the sense that they generate smaller ideas which we find relevant to the larger concept. Of course, we want this record to be a personal experience for anyone who listens to it and that naturally implies that it will mean different things to different people. But, whereas on our first record we didn't supply any quotes or extra materials, just sort of a “here it is, do what thou wilt” kinda thing, with The Desert Winter we felt like there was a greater unified meaning and story going on and we wanted to lightly guide the listener in realizing that. I won't just out and out say what it means to me but those particular quotes can be read while listening to the piece to generate a basic picture that can be colored by your own imagination and perception.
Erik: There is a literal element to The Desert Winter that I wanted to convey similar to the way that Igor Stravinsky did with the Russian spring in the Rite of Spring. Not to compare myself to Stravinsky because he was a genius and I’m still stumbling half blind on my path. The word journey in that statement is important, but I think of each piece of music I write to be a journey and that journey can be different for each of us. I find that preface to be a bit cheeky honestly, but hopefully the quotes convey that there is a deeper meaning to the work than just a winter in the desert.
What was it like working with Geoffrey Sawicky on the production of ‘The Desert Winter’? I imagine he brought something special to the table for the recording? Can you give us a for instance of something he suggested or did that impacted the tone and tenor of the piece in any given section?
Adrian: Geoff, better known by his pseudonym Zawicizuz, is just an incredible guy to work with. It's hard for me to name someone with both the musical pedigree and the agreeable personality that he has in spades. We met years ago and became fast friends, partly due to his awesome and lovely wife Jackie. I really admired his guitar work on Absu's 2009 self-titled release and when he started his own band, The Black Moriah, I knew that was going to be amazing and I was right. Naturally all of that was on my mind when I suggested to Erik that we might want to work with him for our first record, though I didn't know how it was going to turn out exactly. It turned out to be one of the most natural and fun sessions I've ever done, and when Proscriptor lent his magickal touch for the mastering, I knew we had found a more than worthy team for the next record. As an engineer, Geoff has an unbending patience- there were many times we had a sudden in studio realization and wanted to try something on the fly and he was always there to make it happen or even suggest a new idea, most of which we liked so much they wound up on the record. He's a complete circuitry and board genius so his attention to detail is never far off the mark and his passion for finding the most economic mic positions to generate the largest sound is certainly unmatched in the State, at least. But one of his biggest assets to us is that, in the end, he's a player- one of the highest form. And so I think it was easier for him to delve into this very niche style of playing and understanding the concept a little more simply because he's a great musician in his own right.
Erik: Working with Geoff on the last two records has been great. He knows his studio well and knows how to get great sounds there. Geoff comes at things from a different perspective than I and that has made each record better. He is great at coming up with innovative solutions to the problems we throw at him and he is also good at getting a performance out of you even when you don’t know it. For example, there is downtime in the studio, or so it seems. So while waiting for Geoff to make an adjustment of some sort, I will often work on something that I intend to put down later. More than once while doing this, Geoff was recording me the whole time. He then asked me what that was and where did it go. Next thing you know it I have an inspired performance without any of the anxiety that can sometimes come when trying to lay down a track.

I have quite a love for instrumental metal projects; well, at least the ones that can pull it off convincingly – and Canyon Of The Skull certainly can. I’ve long admired the power of symphonic works and other classical compositions to say so much, to pin-point profound emotions, without so much as saying a word. Now into your second album, do you feel you have a better grasp on what it takes to pull this off in the medium of metal?
Adrian: First, thank you very much. We're getting there, or I am at least. It's true that The Desert Winter has more voicing present than the last record, there's a little more going on than just the meat and bone of the concept. Looking back, in composing the piece, I think we wanted to show that more can be said while retaining the instrumental quality than most people think. Thankfully many listeners have described the music as captivating and accessible, even without the all commonly used human voice, so we must be touching on something there (laughs). At the end of the day, that's just the way the music is composed and while we try to keep in mind the listener in a practical way, this music has always been and always will be a deeply personal expression. I honestly never expected it to be as well received as it has for that very reason and I'm very grateful for that.
Erik: If we are not getting better at our craft, I don’t know what the point of continuing is, really. My goal is to always improve and to write music that tells a story that I find worthwhile. With this record in particular, we wanted to display a wider vocabulary than we had previously and hopefully do something special in the process. We both feel that we have achieved that.
I have a lot of respect for two-pieces, especially when they’re able to pull off a sound that is grander than anything a four or fiver can project (I’m thinking Norway’s Hymn, Seattle’s Year of the Cobra, and Miami’s Cave of Swimmers – of which have very distinct sounds and play bring it with invention and conviction in every performance I’ve seen them in). What, in your mind, is the distinct advantage to a duo? What’s the “secret” to getting that “big” sound?
Adrian: All great bands you mentioned there! Bell Witch and Samothrace (at least for a time) come to mind as well. In our case, we kind of wound up as a duo by way of accident. I don't think there was ever a plan to format the band that way, it just kind of happened. After our first record, we started to play out a little more and we found the duo format worked better than we thought. There was a bit of shy reluctance but we said fuck it and went for it. Erik and I are very different players. I think that's obvious from the records (laughs), but we each bring a unique aspect in expressing the music so I'll think we'll keep it this way for the foreseeable future. Keeping in mind the way I look at it, I'm less concerned with “big” and more concerned with “clear.”
Erik: I will state first off that is easy for a two piece to sound huge in the studio, but is a much bigger challenge to pull off live. In the studio, I am able to multitrack guitars, add bass, and utilize other elements to provide that big sound. We view the live show as a totally different art form and do not even attempt to literally translate the record to the stage. Technology would allow us bring some of those extra elements in, but I think that would dilute the organic nature of live performing. A big sound live is more than just being loud although a good amp and quality drums are part of it. I feel that playing together as a unit and feeding off of the energy of the crowd, and each other, is key to why we sound big live. I would be remiss to not mention Adrian’s playing style as it is a huge part of our sound dynamic. My 200 watts of amplification certainly doesn’t hurt either. I think the simplicity of a two piece is it’s key advantage. From the practical, like coordinating rehearsals, etcetera, to the tightness of our performance, it is easier to get the things done with just the two of us. There are plenty of disadvantages, but we feel the positives outweigh those by far.
Any bands from your neck of the woods (or that you’ve encountered in your travels) that were particularly impressive to you? Always like discovering those lesser known acts.
Adrian: Absolutely. I'd like to take the opportunity to brag on y'all Indianans for a minute- our friends in Thorr-Axe and Archarus are doing great things. Tucker, and Drew, are both lovely and refreshing young composers. We played with a band in the Twin Cities called Maeth that I really love- it's a bit out of my usual range but they do brilliant work. A buddy of mine in Chicago plays in a sludgier act called Faces of the Bog that are pretty ripping, there's a Philadelphia black-death quartet called Surgeon that rules (cheers Shawn and Lydia!) and OKC's We the Undead (Phil, the drummer, used to play with Samothrace) are extremely punishing. As far as Texas, the talent pool is pretty insane. We have a very healthy underground and many musicians and fans alike still carrying the flame. I could literally go on for paragraphs but everything from Imprecation to Absu to Vex is incredible. The doom scene, in particular, is smaller but we have several bands holding it down as well as a larger number of more stoner-rock focused bands as well.
Erik: My favorite band from Texas is Absu, but it’s not like they are undiscovered and I think Dead to a Dying World are on most people’s radar by now. I’m a huge Krigsgrav fan and I just discovered a new band, Serpentian. I don’t get out as much as I’d like to these days so I probably am missing out on a ton of newer bands.
Alright, on the practical side, what can fans and bystanders alike anticipate form Canyon of the Skull in the months following the August 19th release? Is a tour in the works, perhaps?
Erik: The biggest thing for me personally is we are almost done writing the next record with another in its embryonic stages. More immediately we have a series of Texas record release shows in late August. Other than that, our touring options are being explored and we are looking at some festival dates, which a tour or tours would probably revolve around.
Adrian: Well, there's some things we have to keep under wraps and some things waiting to be confirmed, not to mention Erik working on getting his brewery up and running, but I'll give you one snippet. We are playing a very significant show to us in The Black Hills of South Dakota next summer for the Exalted Woe Records' Stygian Rites Festival and we will most likely have an accompanying tour for that as well. Keep an eye out. Thanks Billy, love what you guys are doing.
Erik: I also want to thank you and your readers for the support and we are grateful to have Doomed and Stoned debut the streaming of our new record. We’re very proud of it. I also want to thank you for the thought provoking questions. I’m glad that our music can inspire such introspection.
Follow The Band.
Get Their Music.
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Oracle Weblogic Admin Online Training in Hyderabad, India, USA & UK.
WEBLOGIC SERVER 11G/12C ADMINISTRATION TRAINING
Lucidtechsystems is a brand and providing quality Oracle WebLogic Training in Hyderabadthrough Online,Classroom,Corporate,Weekends and Fast track training on demand to the students in worldwide .LucidTechSystems is one best Oracle WebLogic server 11g/12c training institute in Hyderabad and providing IT End-to-End training with real-time hands-on exposure through the IT Experts to the students. We are giving best Oracle WebLogic Server 11g or 12C administration Online Training in USA,UK,Singapore,Canada,India and also classroom training in Hyderabad.Lucid Tech Systems provides flexibility to the students while choosing online classes, classroom training, corporate training, a summary of courses and their scope.
Faculty : Real-time experience
Highlights In Our WebLogic Training Service:
In LucidTechSystems all faculties or trainers have experienced the pleasure of training and trained Resources is accessible all over the world.LucidTechSystems Training leads to excel understanding, IT Industry latest skills requirement and proficiency with consulting service Lucid Tech Systems real-time skilled instructors accomplish your ideas/thoughts and create competently /expertly driven environment.We will develop the association with DEVELOPMENT, TESTING, QA, UAT, STAGE and PRODUCTION Environments.
Lucid Tech Systems help out along with WebLogic training in certification programs , Resume preparation, Boost Interview skills, Live Project life cycle, evolution, clarifying Doubts through Questions and Answers Method, Providing the Material with Video Sessions, troubleshooting bugs or issues in different target environment such as DEVELOPMENT, TESTING, QA, UAT, STAGE and PRODUCTION, support the novel thoughts.
Lucid Tech Systems is one best Oracle WebLogic Training through online and offline or classroom training center in Hyderabad, We also provide WebLogic online training in USA states California,Texas,New Jersey,New York,Illinois,Massachusetts,Georgia,Virginia,Colorado,Maryland,Washington etc and countries India,UK,Canada, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore,UAE, Kuwait , Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Australia, South Africa etc.
See other related Apache Tomcat Training course also.
Methodology:
The main purpose of this course is to give the students a conceptual practical knowledge of the Oracle Weblogic Administration.
Each concept will be explained in details first and then the practical implementation of the same concept will be shown by the trainer on the system.
Oracle Weblogic server 11g/12C Training mainly aims to get you ready for the interview after With this Weblogic Training Program coupled with sufficient practice of the exercises taught in the program a student will gain as much as knowledge equivalent to or above 4+ years of any Real Time Web logic Administrator.
What you will learn In WebLogic Training:
This oracle WebLogic training course trains Web administrators on techniques for installing and configuring Oracle WebLogic Server 11g. It also trains Web administrators to deploy Java EEapplications to Oracle WebLogic Server 11g using Administration Console and command-line and scripting tools like WLST.
Learn To:
Describe the architecture of WebLogic Server including domains, servers, and machines.
Install, configure and use WebLogic Server.
Perform routine Oracle WebLogic Server administration
Deploy different types of Java EE applications to Oracle WebLogic Server.
Required Prerequisites:
Basic TCP/IP networking knowledge of client/server concepts
Basic Linux commands and desktop navigation (if don’t know we will cover it )
Weblogic Training Course Topics:Introduction
History of web server, 2-tier architecture
Introduction to Java and J2EE
Overview on JVM
Introduction to J2EE Architecture
Various commercial products in 3-tiers the logic behind popularity of each product
Java Application Solution Architecture
Drawbacks of Web server
History of Application server
What is Application Server, 3-tier architecture
The need for an Application Server
Difference between Web server and Application server
Installation And Configuration (Weblogic and Domain)
Install WebLogic Server ( GUI, Console, Silent modes)
WebLogic Server Domains
Servers And Domains
Domain Configuration The Configuration Wizard
The Configuration Wizard: Creating A New Domain
Starting The Administrative Server
The Administration Console Administrative Tasks
Identifying Dynamic and Non-dynamic Attribute Changes in the Administration Console
Customizing Monitoring Tables Within the Administration Console
Setting the Domain Environment
Automatically Starting Admin Servers Managed Servers
Creating a Managed Server
Starting a Managed Server
Password boot.properties
Examining Server Status
Shutting Down Servers Admin
Server Shutdown
Admin Server Backup Start Scripts
XML , packing and unpacking commands, config_builder.sh
Starting and Stopping WebLogic Servers using Real-time Wrapper Scripts
Setting up WebLogic Server as Service
Starting and Stopping WebLogic Administration Server
Adding a WebLogic Managed Server to a Domain
Starting and Stopping a WebLogic Managed Server
Web Logic Server Life Cycle And Extending DomainStages Of Weblogic Startup Process:
STARTING
STANDBY
STARTING
ADMIN
RESUMING
RUNNING
RUNNING MODE
Java Naming and Directory (JNDI)
What is JNDI
Architecture Of JNDI
Why the JNDI required in Weblogic
Types of JNDIs
How to Viewing the JNDI Tree using Admin Console.
Setting up Weblogic Server Clustering Environment (Cluster)
What Is Clustering?
What Components Can Be Clustered?
Basic Cluster Diagrams
Web Container Load Balancing
Horizontal vs. Vertical Clustering
Horizontal Clustering
Clustering WebLogic Server
WebLogic Cluster Requirements
Configure Domain For Clustering
Create A Cluster
Multicasting vs. Unicasting
HttpClusterServlet Load Balancer
Horizontal Cluster setup ( 2 box,4 servers i.e.Domain Extension)
Vertical cluster setup (1 box , 3 servers)
Hybrid Cluster setup ( 2 boxes, 6 servers)
Managing Clusters
Assembling Applications (packing)
Java Web Application Architecture
The basic java files
The Infrastructure for Enterprise Web Applications
What is Application Assembly? JEE Modules
JEE Application Assembly Web Module
Web Module – Deployment Descriptor web.xml
XML WEB-INF Directory
Web Application Directory EJB Modules
EJB Deployment Descriptors ejb-jar.xml
Enterprise Application Modules
Enterprise Application Deployment Descriptor
Deploying Applications using various Methods
The Process
Deployment Overview
Archive Vs Expanded Directory
Default Deployment Names
Deployment Methods
Auto-Deployment
Console Deployment
Starting an Application
Stopping an Application
Updating Applications
Deleting Applications
Testing a Deployed Application
Monitoring Deployed Applications
Editing Deployment Descriptors Using Command Line
Deployment WebLogic.Deployer Command Syntax
Deployer Usage
wldeploy Ant Task
WebLogic Scripting Tool (WLST)
WebLogic Scripting Tool (WLST) Scripts
JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) and JTA Transactions
Introduction to JDBC
Types of JDBC Drivers
Working with a Database via JDBC (Client side)
The Need for Connection Pooling
Connection Pooling and Data Sources Connecting with Data Source
Steps in using Connection Pooling
Admin Tasks for Connection Pools and Data Sources
JDBC Driver Support in WebLogic Server
Database Access Using WebLogic Working with Data Sources
Creating a Data Source
Monitoring Data Source and Connection Pools
Creating Multidata Source (JDBC level Clustering)
Monitoring Multidata Source
JMS (Java Messaging Service)
Messaging Introduction
Messaging Components
Messaging Types
JMS (Java Messaging Service)
Message Driven Beans
(MDB) MDB as Message
Consumer JMS Resources
Durable Subscription
Deployment Descriptor Entry
Binding the Queue or Topic
WebLogic JMS Server
Creating a JMS Server
Creating a Connection Factory Creating a Topic, queue
Threshold and Quota
Configuring Threshold and Quota
Configure Distributed Destination
Creating a Distributed Topic/Queue
Monitoring JMS in WebLogic Messaging Bridge
JMS Clustering
Weblogic Server Security (Protecting Against Attacks)
WebLogic Server Security
Authentication / Authorization
Resources That Can Be Secured
Authentication Mechanisms
WebLogic Security Diagram
Overview: Security Tasks For Securing
Resources
WebLogic Security Realms
Managing Users/Groups
User Lockout
Managing Roles
Policies And Roles
Secure Socket Layer SSL (Encryption) and Security Frame Work
why SSL
Public Key / Private Key Encryption
Secure Communication Over The Web -SSL
SSL And WebLogic Server
Creating A Digital Certificate
Dealing With a CA
Configuring WebLogic Server SSL:
Keystores
Configure WebLogic SSL Settings
Configuring WebLogic Server SSL:
Setting A Listen Port
what is J2AA
what user and groups configurations
unlocking the users
What is realm and its modules
Apache HTTP Server Configuration and integration with Weblogic Server
Apache installation
Apache HTTP Server Plug-In
Installing Apache HTTP Server Plug-In
Configuring Apache HTTP Server Plug-In
Keep-Alive Connections
Using WebLogic As A Web Server (Virtual Hosting)
Web Server Overview
Using WebLogic Web Server
types of Virtual Hosts
Configuring The WebLogic Web Server Virtual Hosts
Creating Virtual Hosts
Specifying Virtual Host Names
Targeting Virtual Hosts to Server
Access Log
External Web Servers
WebLogic Scripting Tool (WLST i.e. command Mode Administration)
WLST Details
Starting WLST
Simple WLST Commands
WLST Is Hierarchical
Navigating WLST
Other WLST Commands
Scripting With WLST
Recording WLST Scripts
Configure Recording
Start Recording
Sample Recorded Script
Taking the thread dump through the WLST.
Node Manager( NM)
Node Manager Functionality
types of Node Managers
setting up the NM Environment
Starting an Administration Server from Node Manager
Starting a Managed Server from Node Manager
Restarting a Managed Server from Node Manager
Shutting Down a Server Instance From Node Manager
Working with Machines
Creating a Machine
Adding Server Instances To a Machine
Starting The Node Manager
Monitoring Managed Servers
Node Manager Logs and Configuration Files
Monitoring and Troubleshooting WebLogic Servers (Logging)
WebLogic Logging Services
Specifying the Logging Implementation
Message Severity
WebLogic Server Logs
Server Log
Viewing Server Log
Configuring Server Log
HTTP Access Log
Configuring HTTP Access Log
Domain Log
Viewing Logs
Performance Monitor using WebLogic Diagnostics Framework (WLDF)
log files
diagnostic modules
diagnostic Images
Archives
context
SNMP
What is InteroperabilityPerformance Tuning
Basic Tuning Methodology
Areas To Tune
Tuning Hardware
Tune The Operating System
Tune The JVM
JVM Choices
Tuning WebLogic Server
JDBC Settings
Thread Settings
Socket Readers
Socket Implementation
Monitoring Threads
Connection BackLog
Tuning The Back End
Muxer Threads
Work Managers and execute queues
Thread Dumps , Heap dumps and Core Dumps
Troubleshooting Weblogic Servers
How To Enable Disable Admin Console
How To Recover The Admin Password
How To Reset The Admin Password If Lost
Version Differences (WEBLOGIC 8.1 AND WEBLOGIC 9.1 AND ABOVE )
Regular Weblogic Server Issues.
Backup and Recovery Operations
Recommending a Backup and Recovery Strategy
Performing a Full Offline Backup and Recovery
Real Time Implementations
Real-time Weblogic Architectures
Real-time Tool (Remedy, Mantis bug tracking tool )
Sample Real-time Architectures
Daily Activities of the WebLogic Administrators
How to Apply patches
About Migration and Up gradation (From lower version o Higher Version )
Common Errors during WebLogic Administration (Issues)
NonTechnical Questions.
Tips on answering questions in Interviews
Tips for Resume preparation
Interview Questions
Interview Questions are real-time questions that were collected from various sources. By the end of this session, we are very sure that you will be comfortable able to answer all these questions with our WebLogic server 12c training.
Lucid Tech Systems Providing ” WebLogic Online Training “, ��” WebLogic Training From Classroom” in Hyderabad, ” WebLogic Corporate Training in India”, In India Online Services providing top cities like Chennai, Bangalore, Mysore, Mumbai, Calcutta, Pune, Delhi, Noida, gorgon, NCR region etc.
Lucid Tech Systems WebLogic and SOA Admin classroom,online training Providing worldwide like Asia, Europe, America, Africa, Sweden, North Korea, South Korea, Canada, Netherlands, Italy, Russia, Israel, New Zealand , Norway, Singapore, Malaysia, UAE, Kuwait , Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Australia, South Africa, UK, USA etc.
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Vaadin 8 & Maven - The crash course ##FreeUdemyCourses ##Udacity #Crash #Maven #Vaadin Vaadin 8 & Maven - The crash course Vaadin Framework is a Java web application development framework that is designed to make creation and maintenance of high quality web-based user interfaces easy. Vaadin supports two different programming models: server-side and client-side. The server-driven programming model is the more powerful one. It lets you forget the web and program user interfaces much like you would program a desktop application with conventional Java toolkits such as AWT or Swing. Vaadin uses Java for creating web applications. The frameworks works with event-driven programming and widgets, which enables a programming model that is more like a GUI development than normal HTML and JavaScript. Vaadin used Google Web Toolkit for rendering the resulting web page. Vaadin adds server-side data validation to the actions, which means that if the client data is corrupted, the server does not allow it. Vaadin is distributed as a collection of JAR files with Maven or Ivy, which can be included in any kind of Java web project developed with standard Java tools.Also, there is plugin for Eclipse and Netbeans. Apache Maven is one of the most popular build and project management tools in the java world.In this course you will master all the core concepts of Maven while working hands on creating 16 easy to follow Maven projects. Java is the most popular programming language in use since it’s the only language that works across all computer platforms + android without needing to compile again new changes. Write once, and the JVM does all the work in making sure your programme can run on any platform like Windows, Mac, Linux or Android. This complete Maven course will teach you everything you need to know in order to code awesome, profitable projects, and of course, have fun whilst doing it. You will learn what is Vaadin & Maven and how to use them! You will learn the most important Vaadin components like Grid & Navigator! You will learn how to apply CSS to Vaadin applications! You will learn how to build a Vaadin project from scratch! You will learn Data binding & Data validation! You will learn how to deploy a war to Tomcat! You will learn password encryption with Maven! You will learn how to install all the required software (Java, Eclipse, Maven & Tomcat) You will learn how to work with both Vaadin and Maven! You will learn best programming practices! You will learn how to apply CSS properties to Vaadin components! + Top 12 Maven interview questions with answers! See what your fellow students have to say: "Helps you to not just mimic tutorials, but fully understand all the relevant information. Also, introduces you to the Maven. Every question I have had has been answered on the Q and A section within the day. Couldn't be happier with the course. My room mate is now doing it too." Jacob Wiliamson "Lots of content and really articulate. Instructor absolutely experienced and professional. If I have to find something to improve, I would suggest to show the methods that normally would be used in real world application instead of pointing that in those case we should do differently. I'm happy with the course and looking forward to enroll in others Kiril's courses."Rakesh Petel "Kiril does a wonderful job of explaining Vaadin and Maven. Kiril is also very responsive to any queries and requests (and also updating the courses with new content periodically)." Sami Yusuf This course is not for everyone. This is not a get rich quick course where you copy other people’s code, make low-quality software and hope to have contracts rich clients. This course takes work. There is a lot to learn with Maven, but with the right guidance, information, tutoring and tests, it doesn’t have to be as difficult or time-intensive as doing it by yourself. You literally can’t lose. You either end up with advanced Vaadin, Maven & CSS skills, go on to develop great programs and potentially make an awesome career for yourself, or you try the course and simply get all your money back if you don’t like it… Ready to get started, programmer? Enroll now using the “Buy Now” button on the right, and get started on your way to Web applications. Or, take this course for a free spin using the preview feature, so you know you are certain this course is for you. Hurry up, class is waiting! Who this course is for: Anyone who wants to learn Vaadin 8 & Maven IT students Professionals that want to take their carrier to the next level Programmers with relevant experience (C, C++ & C#) Java Developers 👉 Activate Udemy Coupon 👈 Free Tutorials Udemy Review Real Discount Udemy Free Courses Udemy Coupon Udemy Francais Coupon Udemy gratuit Coursera and Edx ELearningFree Course Free Online Training Udemy Udemy Free Coupons Udemy Free Discount Coupons Udemy Online Course Udemy Online Training 100% FREE Udemy Discount Coupons https://www.couponudemy.com/blog/vaadin-8-maven-the-crash-course/
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Looking for Job Oriented training institute in Pune? Job-oriented IT Courses in Pune? then you are at the Right Place! Unique System Skills India is one of the best Job-Oriented Training institutes in Pune that provides different job-oriented IT Courses for freshers and working professionals making them job-ready in today’s competitive world. At Unique System Skills India Pvt Ltd, we aren’t just a computer training institute, but industry experts that aim at empowering the technology industry with highly qualified, result-oriented, and agile professionals.
Unique System Skills India provides the best 100% Placement oriented courses in pune that ensure students and professionals get placed in the IT Industry and stand out of crowd. Our Skilled Experienced Trainers will provide you with practical knowledge classes with 10+ Real Time Projects, interview questions and answers, project case studies, and many more to make you a technical expert. All the Course Syllabus is Designed as per the Market expectation along with Real-time Sample Project Explanation. Every Course Program will need 40 hours to get completed. At the end of this Course, Unique System Skills India Pvt Ltd Offers Course Completion Certification which will Help Fresher to get High Paid jobs in IT Sectors
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Top Placement Oriented Courses in Pune Offered by Unique System Skills
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After completing this course the student will understand all the fundamental programming concepts of python like Functional Programming, Object-Oriented Programming, Exception Handling, File Handling, Database Operations, Django Framework for web application development, and scientific libraries. You will be able to build python console-based applications, scientific applications, and web-based applications easily…
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Unique System Skills India Pvt. Ltd. has designed the AWS training program in perfect thanks to meeting your goal by learning the key concepts of Amazon Web Service. USS also helps you discover your dream job once you complete your training. Be a neighborhood of the highest AWS training institute in Pune and obtain trained by the highly experienced faculty. Master in AWS & obtain placement assistance with USS. Get certified in AWS today with top-notch training institute in Pune
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Unique System Skills India Pvt. Ltd. is one of the simplest Salesforce Training institutes in Pune. Salesforce being one of the simplest CRM or Customer Relationship Management software may be a greater one to dig into, to start your Developing career. the proper Course Structure of USS will enhance and upgrade your talent and skills to be qualified together on the sting.
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After completing this course the student will understand all the fundamental concepts of software testing like software engineering, manual testing, test cases and test plans, object oriented programming using java, Automation testing, Selenium web drivers, Junit, Apache POI and TestNG framework with real time testing cases….
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Why choose Unique System Skills India Pvt Ltd?
Unique System Skills India Pvt. Ltd. best Job oriented training institute in Pune having years of experience in job-oriented corporate training courses. There are numerous reasons why you choose the Unique System skills for 100% Placement oriented courses in Pune
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[Udemy] Apache Spark Interview Question and Answer (100 FAQ)
Apache Spark Interview Question -Programming, Scenario-Based, Fundamentals, Performance Tuning based Question and Answer What you’ll learn By attending this course you will get to know frequently and most likely asked Programming, Scenario based, Fundamentals, and Performance Tuning based Question asked in Apache Spark Interview along with the answer This will help Apache Spark Career Aspirants to prepare for the interview. During your Scheduled Interview you do not have to spend time searching the Internet for Apache Spark interview questions. We have already compiled the most frequently asked and latest Apache Spark Interview questions in this course. Requirements Apache Spark basic fundamental knowledge is required Description Apache Spark Interview Questions has a collection of 100 questions with answers asked in the interview for freshers and experienced (Programming, Scenario-Based, Fundamentals, Performance Tuning based Question and Answer).This course is intended to help Apache Spark Career Aspirants to prepare for the interview. We are planning to add more questions in upcoming versions of this course. Who is the target audience? This course is designed for Apache Spark Job seeker with 6 months to 4 years of Experience in Apache Spark Development and looking out for new job as Spark Developer,Bigdata Engineers or Developers, Software Developer, Software Architect, Development Manager source https://ttorial.com/apache-spark-interview-question-answer-100-faq
source https://ttorialcom.tumblr.com/post/179252243398
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[Udemy] Apache Spark Interview Question and Answer (100 FAQ)
Apache Spark Interview Question -Programming, Scenario-Based, Fundamentals, Performance Tuning based Question and Answer What you'll learn By attending this course you will get to know frequently and most likely asked Programming, Scenario based, Fundamentals, and Performance Tuning based Question asked in Apache Spark Interview along with the answer This will help Apache Spark Career Aspirants to prepare for the interview. During your Scheduled Interview you do not have to spend time searching the Internet for Apache Spark interview questions. We have already compiled the most frequently asked and latest Apache Spark Interview questions in this course. Requirements Apache Spark basic fundamental knowledge is required Description Apache Spark Interview Questions has a collection of 100 questions with answers asked in the interview for freshers and experienced (Programming, Scenario-Based, Fundamentals, Performance Tuning based Question and Answer).This course is intended to help Apache Spark Career Aspirants to prepare for the interview. We are planning to add more questions in upcoming versions of this course. Who is the target audience? This course is designed for Apache Spark Job seeker with 6 months to 4 years of Experience in Apache Spark Development and looking out for new job as Spark Developer,Bigdata Engineers or Developers, Software Developer, Software Architect, Development Manager source https://ttorial.com/apache-spark-interview-question-answer-100-faq
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Hadoop Interview Questions and Answers Part- 1

Hadoop Interview Questions and Answers
In this section of Hadoop Interview Questions, we will cover the Basic Hadoop Interview Questions and Answers for freshers and experienced. After this general Hadoop Interview Questions sections we will have different sections on the Hadoop Interview Questions on HDFS and MapReduce.
1) What is Apache Hadoop?
Hadoop emerged as a solution to the “Big Data” problems. It is a part of the Apache project sponsored by the Apache Software Foundation (ASF). It is an open source software framework for distributed storage and distributed processing of large datasets. Open source means it is freely available and even we can change its source code as per our requirements. Apache Hadoop makes it possible to run applications on the system with thousands of commodity hardware nodes. It’s distributed file system has the provision of rapid data transfer rates among nodes. It also allows the system to continue operating in case of node failure. Apache Hadoop provides:
Storage layer – HDFS
Batch processing engine – MapReduce
Resource Management Layer – YARN
2) Why do we need Hadoop?
The picture of Hadoop came into existence to deal with Big Data challenges. The challenges with Big Data are-
Storage – Since data is very large, so storing such huge amount of data is very difficult.
Security – Since the data is huge in size, keeping it secure is another challenge.
Analytics – In Big Data, most of the time we are unaware of the kind of data we are dealing with. So analyzing that data is even more difficult.
Data Quality – In the case of Big Data, data is very messy, inconsistent and incomplete.
Discovery – Using a powerful algorithm to find patterns and insights are very difficult.
Hadoop is an open-source software framework that supports the storage and processing of large datasets. Apache Hadoop is the best solution for storing and processing Big data because:
Apache Hadoop stores huge files as they are (raw) without specifying any schema.
High scalability – We can add any number of nodes, hence enhancing performance dramatically.
Reliable – It stores data reliably on the cluster despite machine failure.
High availability – In Hadoop data is highly available despite hardware failure. If a machine or hardware crashes, then we can access data from another path.
Economic – Hadoop runs on a cluster of commodity hardware which is not very expensive
Here is the detailed explanation of features of Hadoop
3) What are the core components of Hadoop?
Hadoop is an open-source software framework for distributed storage and processing of large datasets. Apache Hadoop core components are HDFS, MapReduce, and YARN.
HDFS- Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) is the primary storage system of Hadoop. HDFS store very large files running on a cluster of commodity hardware. It works on the principle of storage of less number of large files rather than the huge number of small files. HDFS stores data reliably even in the case of hardware failure. It provides high throughput access to an application by accessing in parallel.
MapReduce- MapReduce is the data processing layer of Hadoop. It writes an application that processes large structured and unstructured data stored in HDFS. MapReduce processes a huge amount of data in parallel. It does this by dividing the job (submitted job) into a set of independent tasks (sub-job). In Hadoop, MapReduce works by breaking the processing into phases: Map and Reduce. The Map is the first phase of processing, where we specify all the complex logic code. Reduce is the second phase of processing. Here we specify light-weight processing like aggregation/summation.
YARN- YARN is the processing framework in Hadoop. It provides Resource management and allows multiple data processing engines. For example real-time streaming, data science, and batch processing.
Read: Hadoop Ecosystem Components in detail.
4) What are the Features of Hadoop?
The various Features of Hadoop are:
Open Source – Apache Hadoop is an open source software framework. Open source means it is freely available and even we can change its source code as per our requirements.
Distributed processing – As HDFS stores data in a distributed manner across the cluster. MapReduce process the data in parallel on the cluster of nodes.
Fault Tolerance – Apache Hadoop is highly Fault-Tolerant. By default, each block creates 3 replicas across the cluster and we can change it as per needment. So if any node goes down, we can recover data on that node from the other node. Framework recovers failures of nodes or tasks automatically.
Reliability – It stores data reliably on the cluster despite machine failure.
High Availability – Data is highly available and accessible despite hardware failure. In Hadoop, when a machine or hardware crashes, then we can access data from another path.
Scalability – Hadoop is highly scalable, as one can add the new hardware to the nodes.
Economic- Hadoop runs on a cluster of commodity hardware which is not very expensive. We do not need any specialized machine for it.
Easy to use – No need of client to deal with distributed computing, the framework take care of all the things. So it is easy to use.
Read Hadoop Features in detail
5) Compare Hadoop and RDBMS?
Apache Hadoop is the future of the database because it stores and processes a large amount of data. Which will not be possible with the traditional database. There is some difference between Hadoop and RDBMS which are as follows:
Architecture – Traditional RDBMS have ACID properties. Whereas Hadoop is distributed computing framework having two main components: Distributed file system (HDFS) and MapReduce.
Data acceptance – RDBMS accepts only structured data. While Hadoop can accept both structured as well as unstructured data. It is a great feature of Hadoop, as we can store everything in our database and there will be no data loss.
Scalability – RDBMS is a traditional database which provides vertical scalability. So if the data increases for storing then we have to increase particular system configuration. While Hadoop provides horizontal scalability. So we just have to add one or more node to the cluster if there is any requirement for an increase in data.
OLTP (Real-time data processing) and OLAP – Traditional RDMS support OLTP (Real-time data processing). OLTP is not supported in Apache Hadoop. Apache Hadoop supports large-scale Batch Processing workloads (OLAP).
Cost – Licensed software, therefore we have to pay for the software. Whereas Hadoop is open source framework, so we don’t need to pay for software.
For more interview Question follow this link Hadoop Interview Questions for Freshers
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300+ TOP OpenAM Interview Questions and Answers
OpenAM Interview Questions for freshers experienced :-
1. What is OpenAM? OpenAM is an open source access management, entitlements and federation server platform, backed by ForgeRock. OpenAM originated as OpenSSO, an access management system developed by Sun Microsystems, owned by Oracle. 2. How OpenAM Helps us? OpenAM provides a service named as access management, which involves managing the access to all resources available within the network. Once we set up OpenAM to manage access, we have a service to take control of who can access what resources, when, and under what circumstances. Yet, a resource can be just about anything accessible over the network from a web page, to an application, to a web service. 3. Can OpenAM be centrally managed? OpenAM centralizes all access control by handling both validation and authorization. validation is confirming of an identity, for example confirming that a user has successfully logged in. Authorization is determining whether to grant access to someone who is valid. 4. How OpenAM validates? OpenAM centralizes validation by using a variety of authentication modules. Modules connect to identity repositories that store identities and provide authentication services. The identity repositories are implemented as LDAP directories, relational databases, RADIUS, Windows authentication, one-time password services, other standards-based access management systems and much more. OpenAM lets us chain together the validation services used which lets you configure stronger authentication for more sensitive resources for example. It allows to set up modules that remember a device when the user logs in successfully. 5. How OpenAM authorizes? OpenAM centralizes authorization by letting the user, use OpenAM to manage access policies separate from applications and resources. Instead of building access policy into web application, we can install a policy agent with the web application to request policy decisions from OpenAM. This way we can avoid issues that could arise when developers must embed policy decisions into their applications. 6. Explain the Software Requirements to implement OpenAM The following are the software requirements to for effective installation of OpenAM, The Apache HTTP Server used to support the OpenAM projects that rely on web pages. Apache Tomcat, which provides a web container for OpenAM platform OpenAM is a Java web application; it needs a web container established by Apache Tomcat. OpenAM core server with its console For OpenAM, the core server with OpenAM console acts as the pivotal to a web application. During the configuration, OpenAM sets up the OpenDJ directory, for the purpose of holding OpenAM’s configuration and serve as an identity store and authentication service. >> OpenAM Apache Policy Agent, to intercept requests from users and to enforce OpenAM formulated access policy decisions. Since OpenAM is a Java Web Application, the Java Development Kit (Kit) is pre-installed. 7. How to To Configure a Policy in OpenAM Follow these steps to create a policy that allows all authenticated users to perform an HTTP GET In OpenAM Console, click the Access Control tab, then in the Realms table click the link to / (Top Level Realm). We should click the Policies tab, click iPlanetAMWebAgentService, and then click Add New Policy. Allocate a new name to the policy of Authenticated users can get Apache HTTP home page, and then click Next. In the Specify Resources step, click *://*:*/* to move the pattern to the Create your resources section. Then, replace the asterisks so that the pattern reads: https://www.example.com:8000/*, and then click the Add icon. OpenAM Policy Rule and Next to proceed. In the Select Actions step, select the GET and POST actions, ensure their value is set to Allow, and then click Next. n the Define Subject Conditions step, click Subject Condition; from the type, drop-down choose Authenticated Users and then drag the grey block into the green AND logical block above. OpenAM Policy Subjects and Next to proceed. In the Define Environment Conditions and Specify Response Attributes steps, click Next. Review your configuration. It should resemble the following: Review OpenAM Policy To make changes to the configuration, either click the relevant step or click the item to jump to the relevant step and make amendments to the configuration. When the configuration is completed, click Finish. 9. What are the steps followed in order to set up OpenAM to protect a web page? Prepare your host file. Deploy Apache HTTP server. Deploy Apache Tomcat. Deploy OpenAM. Configure a policy in OpenAM. Create a web policy agent profile. Install OpenAM web policy agent. These steps are used in Linux system whereas for Microsoft Windows, just adapt the examples accordingly. 10. What are deployment-planning steps in OpenAM? Following the installation step in Project Initiation Architectural design Execution of OpenAM system Testing with the help of Automation & continuous integration Providing solutions by Functional testing Recovery of issues by Non-Functional testing Supportability
OpenAM Interview Questions 11. What is the need of OpenAM client Application Programming Interfaces (APIs)? In Federate and OpenAM environments, the OpenAM Java APIs offered through the OpenAM Java SDK let a user’s Java and Java EE applications request OpenAM for authentication and authorization. The exposure of RESTful API, which returns XML or JSON over HTTP, will allow the user to access authentication, authorization, and identity services from web applications using REST clients in the same language as that of the user’s choice. 12. What are the procedures to upgrade a legacy deployment? Keep your customized OpenAM server .war file organized. Use ‘Installing OpenAM Core Services’ to arrange a new installation of servers from the new, customized .war file, starting with the instructions. After installation is complete, use the ‘ssoadm do-batch’ command to apply multiple changes with a single command Authenticate the new service to check if the performance meets the expected level or not. Finally, execute the task of redirecting client application traffic to the new installation from the old deployment. 13. What are the functions of OpenAM APIs? OpenAM provides client application programming interfaces for a number of requirements. The OpenAM Java APIs offered through OpenAM Java SDK lets your Java and Java EE applications to call for OpenAM validation, in both OpenAM and federated environments. 14. What are the functions of OpenAM SPIs? OpenAM offers Java-based service interfaces to let you extend services for the requirements of your specific deployment. Following is are the steps to implement such plugins. Custom OAuth 2.0 scopes plugins define how OpenAM playing the role of authorization server handles scopes, including what token information to return regarding scopes set when authorization was granted. Custom authentication plugins let OpenAM validate users against a new authentication service or an authentication service specific to the deployment Post authentication, plugins perform additional processing at the end of the authentication process, but before the subject to validation. Post validation, plugins can store information about the authentication in the user's profile, or call another system for audit logging purposes. Policy evaluation plugins implement new policy conditions, send attributes from the user profile as part of a policy response, extend the definition of the subjects to whom the policy applies, or customize how policy management is delegated. 15. How OpenAM provides functionality to IPv4 and IPv6? OpenAM provides functionality for IPv4, IPv6, and as a hybrid of both. While the majority of the interaction is done at the backend, there are a few places where the GUI needs some inputs, while setting up policy conditions. These fields follow the same standard, which applies, to IPv4 & IPv6. IPv4 uses a 32-bit integer value, with a decimal system. IPv6 uses a hexadecimal system, and a colon separates the eight groups of hexadecimal digits. 16. How to develop Client Applications? Client applications can access OpenAM services for authentication, authorization, and single sign-on/single log out, by the use of sessions. Client applications also are allowed, to manage authorization policies. This part of the guide covers client interaction with OpenAM over supported protocols and using OpenAM APIs. 17. What do you understand by RESTful APIs? Representational State Transfer is an architectural style that sets certain limitations for designing and building large-scale distributed systems. As an architectural style, REST has very broad utility. The designs of both HTTP 1.1 & URIs follow RESTful principles. The World Wide Web is no doubt the largest and best-known REST applications. Many other web services also follow the REST architecture, like OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect 1.0. ForgeRock Common REST (CREST) applies RESTful principles to define common verbs for HTTP-based APIs that access web resources and collects resources. 18. How can we specify an explicit API REST version? We can specify the version of REST API to use by adding an Accept-API-Version header to the request. We can configure the default behavior of OpenAM which will take when a REST call which does not specify any explicit version information. 19. What is The RADIUS Protocol? The RADIUS protocol is a very simple protocol of four packet types: Access - Request packets, received from a client to a server to begin a new authentication conversation or to respond to a previous response in an existing conversation and provide the requested information. Access - Accept packets received from a server to a client to indicate a successful authentication. Access - Reject packets received from a server to a client to indicate a failed authentication. Access - Challenge packets received from a server to a client to solicit more information from the entity validated. 20. How to Create a Web Policy Agent Profile? OpenAM stores information of profiles about policy agents centrally by default. You can then manage the policy agent profile through OpenAM Console. The policy agent can recover the configuration from OpenAM profile at installation time when it starts up, and OpenAM can notify the policy agent of changes to its configuration. 21. What is the user self-registration? OpenAM provides self-registration for users as a feature in OpenAM's REST APIs. Users can be safely signed up in OpenAM without the administrators or help desk getting involved. 22. What is the password reset function? OpenAM help users to reset their passwords on their own. OpenAM handles both the case where a user knows their password and wants to change it and the case where the user has forgotten their password and needs to reset it, possibly after answering security questions. 23. What are the dashboard services? Users have a number of applications assigned, especially if the organization has standardized on software as a service, for example for email, document sharing, support ticketing, customer relationship management, web conferencing, and so forth. It can be useful to present these applications on a user's dashboard with the profile and assign applications to the user's dashboard automatically based on the user's profile. 24. What is Single-Sign on? Single sign-on (SSO) is a core attribute of OpenAM. Once we have set up OpenAM, we can protect as many applications in the network domain as we want. We need to install the policy agents for the additional servers and add policies for the resources served by the applications. 25. How can user authenticate? Users can then authenticate themselves on their own to start a session on any site in the domain, and they remain authenticated for all sites in the domain, without the need to log in again. 26. Why is Single Sign-on feature necessary? Many organizations have more than one domain, with cookies set in one domain are not returned to servers in another domain. Many organizations get sub-domains controlled independently, leading to the need to protect against someone setting up against a rogue sub-domain to hijack session cookies. OpenAM's cross-domain single sign-on (CDSSO) provides a safe method for your OpenAM servers in one domain to work with policy agents from other domains, defending against potential session cookie hijacking. 27. What is standard based federation? When we need to federate identities across not just different domains but instead across different organizations with separate access management solutions, then we need interoperable federation technologies. An organization, that acts as an identity provider for other organizations providing services, allow users to use their identity from another organization to access the services. Either way, OpenAM has the capability to integrate well in federated access management scenarios. 28. What is CRUD? OpenAM REST APIs makes CRUD (create, read, update, delete) easy to use in web applications. They also provide extended actions and query capabilities for access management functionality. 29. What is the benefit of OpenAM Java APIs? OpenAM Java APIs provided through the OpenAM Java SDK allows Java and Java EE applications to call on OpenAM for authentication and authorization in both OpenAM and federated environments. 30. What does C SDK? The OpenAM C SDK provides APIs for native applications with new web server policy agents. The C SDK has been designed for Linux, Solaris, and Windows platforms. 31. What do you understand by SAML 2.0 SSO & Federation? SAML 2.0 SSO is part of the federated access management. Federation permits access management across the organizational boundaries. Federation allows organizations to share the identities and services without giving away their organizational information and the services they provide. OpenAM Questions and Answers Pdf Download Read the full article
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