#genital_herpes

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Herpes Virus: A Comprehensive Guide Welcome to our comprehensive guide on the herpes virus. In this article, we will delve into the various aspects of the herpes virus, its types, symptoms, transmission, and available treatments. Our aim is to provide you with detailed and accurate information to help you understand this common viral infection. Understanding the Herpes Virus The herpes virus is a highly contagious virus that infects humans. There are two main types of the herpes virus: herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). HSV-1 is primarily associated with oral herpes, while HSV-2 is commonly linked to genital herpes. Both types can cause infections in either location. Symptoms of Herpes Virus Infection Herpes virus infections can vary in severity and presentation. Some individuals may experience mild symptoms or even be asymptomatic, while others may have more pronounced symptoms. Common symptoms of herpes virus infection include: Painful blisters or sores in the affected area Itching or tingling sensation prior to the outbreak Flu-like symptoms, such as fever and body aches Swollen lymph nodes Transmission of the Herpes Virus The herpes virus is primarily transmitted through direct contact with an infected individual. This can occur through various means, including: Oral-to-oral contact, such as kissing or sharing utensils Genital-to-genital contact during sexual activities Vertical transmission from mother to newborn during childbirth Indirect transmission through contaminated objects, such as towels or razors Treatment Options for Herpes Virus While there is no cure for herpes virus infections, there are treatment options available to manage the symptoms and reduce the frequency of outbreaks. These include: Antiviral medications: Prescription antiviral drugs can help shorten the duration of outbreaks and reduce the severity of symptoms. Topical creams: Over-the-counter creams can provide relief from pain and itching associated with herpes sores. Lifestyle modifications: Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, managing stress levels, and avoiding triggers can help minimize the frequency of outbreaks. Prevention and Risk Reduction Preventing the transmission of the herpes virus is essential. Here are some measures you can take to reduce the risk: Practice safe sex: Using condoms or dental dams during sexual activities can reduce the risk of genital herpes transmission. Avoid contact during outbreaks: Refraining from any form of contact with the affected area during outbreaks can help prevent transmission. Good hygiene practices: Regularly washing hands and avoiding sharing personal items can minimize the risk of indirect transmission. [caption id="attachment_71451" align="aligncenter" width="1248"] herpes virus[/caption] In conclusion, the herpes virus is a common viral infection that can cause discomfort and distress. By understanding the different aspects of the herpes virus, its symptoms, transmission, and available treatments, you can take appropriate measures to manage the condition effectively. Remember, seeking medical advice from a healthcare professional is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment plan. Stay informed, take necessary precautions, and prioritize your overall well-being. Frequently Asked Questions - Herpes Virus 1. What is the herpes virus? The herpes virus is a common viral infection that causes sores or blisters on the skin or mucous membranes. 2. How is the herpes virus transmitted? The herpes virus can be transmitted through direct contact with an infected person, such as kissing, sexual contact, or touching the sores. 3. What are the symptoms of a herpes virus infection? Symptoms may include painful sores, itching, tingling, or flu-like symptoms. However, some people may not experience any symptoms at all. 4. Is the herpes virus curable? There is no cure for the herpes virus, but antiviral medications can help manage and reduce the frequency and severity of outbreaks. 5. Can you get the herpes virus from sharing utensils or towels? It is possible to transmit the herpes virus through sharing utensils or towels, although the risk is relatively low compared to direct skin-to-skin contact. 6. Can you get the herpes virus from a toilet seat? No, the herpes virus cannot be transmitted through toilet seats or other inanimate objects. 7. Can you have a herpes virus infection without symptoms? Yes, many people with the herpes virus may be asymptomatic and not experience any visible symptoms. However, they can still transmit the virus to others. 8. Can the herpes virus be passed from a mother to her baby during childbirth? Yes, it is possible for a mother with an active herpes infection to pass the virus to her baby during vaginal delivery. This is called neonatal herpes. 9. How can I reduce the risk of contracting the herpes virus? Practicing safe sex, using condoms, and avoiding direct contact with active sores or blisters can help reduce the risk of contracting the herpes virus. 10. Can stress trigger herpes virus outbreaks? Yes, stress, along with other factors like a weakened immune system, can trigger herpes virus outbreaks in some individuals.

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Did you Know? Statistics of Genital Herpes in US

Did you Know? Statistics of Genital Herpes in US is republished from: https://herpes.meetpositives.com/

Statistics of Genital Herpes in US

More than 50 million adults in the US with genital herpes and up to 776,000 new infections each year.  Some estimates suggest that by 2025 up to 40% of all men and half of all women could be infected.

  The prevention of herpes and other STD's is extremely important. This virus can be passed from one person to another through sexual contact even if the infected person doesn't have symptoms or signs of infection yet. Most people who have herpes shows no symptoms or have a very mild one so they don't exert effort to get tested.

With more than 50 million adults in the US with genital herpes and up to 776,000 new infections each year, some estimates suggest that by 2025 up to 40% of all men and half of all women could be infected.

  First seen on: (http://www.emedicinehealth.com/genital_herpes/page4_em.htm)

Early symptoms and signs of genital herpes tend to develop within 3 to 7 days of skin-to-skin contact with an infected person. This 3 to 7 day period is known as the incubation period. Genital herpes infections look like a rash composed of small blisters or ulcers (round areas of broken skin) on the genitals. Each blister or ulcer is typically only 1 to 3 millimeters (1/32 inch to 1/8th inch) in size, and the blisters or ulcers tend to be grouped into "crops." Usually the blisters form first, then soon open to form ulcers. Herpes infections may be painless or slightly tender. In some people, however, the blisters or ulcers can be very tender and painful.

Video Credit

Location of genital herpes

In men, genital herpes sores (lesions) usually appear on or around the penis.  Learn more about genital herpes in men, here.

In women, the lesions may be visible outside the vagina, but they commonly occur inside the vagina where they can cause discomfort or vaginal discharge and may not be seen except during a doctor's examination. Learn more about symptoms found in females, here.

The ulcers or blisters may also be found anywhere around the genitals (the perineum) and in and around the anus.

First outbreak of genital herpes

The first genital herpes outbreak is usually the most painful, and the initial episode may last longer than later outbreaks. Symptoms may last for 2 to 4 weeks.

Some people develop other signs of genital herpes infection, particularly with the first episode including:

fever,

muscle aches,

headaches (may be severe),

vaginal discharge or painful urination, and

swollen and tender lymph nodes in the groin (these swell as the body tries to fight the infection).

Later outbreaks of genital herpes

If the disease returns, later outbreaks generally have much less severe symptoms. Many people with recurrent disease develop pain or a tingling sensation in the area of the infection even before any blisters or ulcers can be seen. This is due to irritation and inflammation of the nerves leading to the infected area of skin.

These are early signs that an outbreak is about to begin. The condition is particularly contagious during this period, even though the skin still appears normal.

The herpes virus can be spread from one place on your body to another, such as from genitals to your fingers or other parts of your body. If a person has signs or symptoms of a genital herpes infection, he or she should seek the care of a doctor as soon as possible. The treatment for herpes would be more effective when it started within the first few days.

First seen on: (http://www.ashasexualhealth.org/stdsstis/herpes/herpes-treatment/)

While there is no cure for herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections, there are various treatment options available.

Treatment for Genital Herpes

There are three antiviral medications that are FDA-approved for the treatment of genital herpes:

Acyclovir: The oldest antiviral medication for herpes is acyclovir. It has been available since 1982 in a topical form (as an ointment) and sold since 1985 in pill form. Acyclovir has been shown to be safe in persons who have used it continuously (every day) for as long as 10 years.

Valacyclovir: A newer drug, valacyclovir, actually uses acyclovir as its active ingredient. This medication delivers acyclovir more efficiently so that the body absorbs much of the drug, which has the advantage of taking the medication fewer times during the day.

Famciclovir: Famciclovir uses penciclovir as its active ingredient to stop HSV from replicating. Like valacyclovir, it is well absorbed, persists for a longer time in the body, and can be taken less frequently than acyclovir.

Antiviral medication is commonly prescribed for patients having a first episode of genital herpes, but they can be used for recurrent episodes as well. There are two kinds of treatment regimens: episodic therapy and suppressive therapy.

Episodic Therapy

In this approach, a person begins taking medication at the first sign of an outbreak (or ideally at first signs of prodrome) and continues taking medication for several days, in order to speed healing or even prevent an outbreak from fully occurring. All three of the antiviral treatments mentioned above have been proven to help shorten the amount of time that a person may experience symptoms of herpes. However, keep in mind that results may vary from person to person.

Many people feel the advantages of using medication for recurrent episodes are marginal compared with use in a primary episode. But for others, episodic therapy offers a useful way to manage outbreaks by cutting the length of an outbreak by a day or two, on average. The benefits may be greater for those whose outbreaks tend to last longer.

Also, episodic therapy has its best results when treatment begins at the very first sign of prodrome. If lesions are already present, therapy may offer little benefit. Because the medications differ in their absorption rate and duration of effectiveness, dosages vary with episodic therapy treatment ranging from one to five pills every day for three to five days during an outbreak.

Suppressive Therapy

People with genital herpes who want to eliminate (suppress) outbreaks can take antiviral medication daily to hold HSV in check so that it’s less likely to flare up and cause symptoms. For individuals who have frequent recurrences (six or more per year), studies have shown that suppressive therapy can reduce the number of outbreaks by at least 75% while the medication is being taken. Also, for some, taking an antiviral on a daily basis can prevent outbreaks altogether.

While antivirals can be successful in controlling herpes symptoms, researchers also have turned their attention to the important issue of antiviral therapy and asymptomatic shedding. Does suppressive therapy lower the risk of unrecognized herpes reactivation as well as curb recognized outbreaks? One study addressing this question found that women on suppressive acyclovir (400 mg, twice daily) had a 94% reduction in subclinical shedding while taking daily therapy. This type of study has also been done with famciclovir and valacyclovir, with similar reductions seen in both men and women.

Suppressive therapy has been studied in thousands of patients and it appears to be both safe and effective. Because the medications differ in their absorption rate and duration of effectiveness, dosages vary with suppressive therapy treatment ranging from one to two pills every day.

Treatment for Oral Herpes

The antiviral medications available in pill form (acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir) have been specifically developed for the treatment of genital herpes. However, it is not uncommon for healthcare providers to prescribe the antiviral drugs to those who have frequent or severe outbreaks of oral herpes. A recent study found valacyclovir to be effective for treating oral herpes in a one-day treatment of 2 grams taken at the first sign of a cold sore, and then again about 12 hours later.

There are two topical antiviral medications prescribed for the treatment of oral HSV symptoms: acyclovir ointment (brand name Zovirax®) and penciclovir cream (brand name Denavir®). Both work to speed up the healing process and reduce the viral activity. These topical drugs are put directly on the lesions themselves, but can also be used at the onset of prodrome.

Other topical treatments for oral herpes are available over-the-counter (OTC), but are not antiviral compounds like acyclovir and penciclovir. Some also contain ingredients that numb the area and induce temporary relief from the discomfort of an outbreak. Unfortunately, some OTC treatments may actually delay the healing time of symptoms because they can further irritate the area with repeated applications. There is only one OTC FDA-approved cream, called Abreva®, which has been clinically proven to help speed the healing process.

Alternative Therapies

Over-the-counter creams and/or ointments are not recommended for genital herpes, since they can interfere with the healing process in a number of ways, causing genital outbreaks to last longer. Keeping the area clean and as dry as possible and allowing the area to get air can help to speed the healing process.

Many people find that outbreaks tend to lessen in severity and frequency with time. What triggers an outbreak is highly individual, but with time, many people learn to recognize, and sometimes avoid, factors that seem to reactivate HSV in their own bodies. For example, illness, poor diet, emotional or physical stress, friction in the genital area, prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light (commonly for oral herpes, such as a beach trip or skiing weekend), surgical trauma, or steroidal medication (such as asthma treatment) may trigger a herpes outbreak.

The frequency of outbreaks can often be managed through effective stress management, and getting adequate rest, nutrition, and exercise.

People often ask about an amino acid by the name of lysine (L-lysine), because of Internet claims or claims from other people that it helps control outbreaks. While some studies have suggested that lysine supplements can reduce the frequency of recurrences or healing time, other trials have been unable to replicate those results. Therefore, there is not sufficient information to discern how effective it may be, in addition to what the effective dosages or frequency of L-lysine may be.

Lysine can be found with other nutrients and supplements at your local grocery or drug store, but people should only take the recommended dosage if it is taken and always check with their healthcare provider first before starting any new medication or supplement. Megadoses of lysine may throw other amino acids out of balance and interfere with the absorption of other nutrients such as vitamins and minerals.

In regard to possible foods to avoid, some people feel that foods that contain high amounts of the amino acid arginine may cause herpes outbreaks. Arginine is found in numerous foods that are eaten on a regular basis; therefore, we do not encourage someone to stop eating foods simply because they contain arginine. However, an individual may want to consider adjusting their diet if she or he is having frequent outbreaks and believes food is a contributing factor. Again, while some individuals believe arginine can trigger outbreaks, there is no clinical evidence to support these claims.

It is very important for infected person to avoid sexual contact including vaginal, anal and oral sex to until all your blisters and ulcers have cleared up. You also should avoid sharing personal belongings with others. Make sure that you have the right treatment and consult your health provider to ensure that this will not lead to complications in the future.

Meet other Herpes Singles on Meet Positives, join today!

  [Are you dating?|} Meet Positives is a website for people impacted with HSV Start feeling normal again Sign up: herpes positive singles

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Did you Know? Statistics of Genital Herpes in US

Did you Know? Statistics of Genital Herpes in US is republished from: https://herpes.meetpositives.com/

Statistics of Genital Herpes in US

More than 50 million adults in the US with genital herpes and up to 776,000 new infections each year.  Some estimates suggest that by 2025 up to 40% of all men and half of all women could be infected.

  The prevention of herpes and other STD's is extremely important. This virus can be passed from one person to another through sexual contact even if the infected person doesn't have symptoms or signs of infection yet. Most people who have herpes shows no symptoms or have a very mild one so they don't exert effort to get tested.

With more than 50 million adults in the US with genital herpes and up to 776,000 new infections each year, some estimates suggest that by 2025 up to 40% of all men and half of all women could be infected.

  First seen on: (http://www.emedicinehealth.com/genital_herpes/page4_em.htm)

Early symptoms and signs of genital herpes tend to develop within 3 to 7 days of skin-to-skin contact with an infected person. This 3 to 7 day period is known as the incubation period. Genital herpes infections look like a rash composed of small blisters or ulcers (round areas of broken skin) on the genitals. Each blister or ulcer is typically only 1 to 3 millimeters (1/32 inch to 1/8th inch) in size, and the blisters or ulcers tend to be grouped into "crops." Usually the blisters form first, then soon open to form ulcers. Herpes infections may be painless or slightly tender. In some people, however, the blisters or ulcers can be very tender and painful.

Video Credit

Location of genital herpes

In men, genital herpes sores (lesions) usually appear on or around the penis.  Learn more about genital herpes in men, here.

In women, the lesions may be visible outside the vagina, but they commonly occur inside the vagina where they can cause discomfort or vaginal discharge and may not be seen except during a doctor's examination. Learn more about symptoms found in females, here.

The ulcers or blisters may also be found anywhere around the genitals (the perineum) and in and around the anus.

First outbreak of genital herpes

The first genital herpes outbreak is usually the most painful, and the initial episode may last longer than later outbreaks. Symptoms may last for 2 to 4 weeks.

Some people develop other signs of genital herpes infection, particularly with the first episode including:

fever,

muscle aches,

headaches (may be severe),

vaginal discharge or painful urination, and

swollen and tender lymph nodes in the groin (these swell as the body tries to fight the infection).

Later outbreaks of genital herpes

If the disease returns, later outbreaks generally have much less severe symptoms. Many people with recurrent disease develop pain or a tingling sensation in the area of the infection even before any blisters or ulcers can be seen. This is due to irritation and inflammation of the nerves leading to the infected area of skin.

These are early signs that an outbreak is about to begin. The condition is particularly contagious during this period, even though the skin still appears normal.

The herpes virus can be spread from one place on your body to another, such as from genitals to your fingers or other parts of your body. If a person has signs or symptoms of a genital herpes infection, he or she should seek the care of a doctor as soon as possible. The treatment for herpes would be more effective when it started within the first few days.

First seen on: (http://www.ashasexualhealth.org/stdsstis/herpes/herpes-treatment/)

While there is no cure for herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections, there are various treatment options available.

Treatment for Genital Herpes

There are three antiviral medications that are FDA-approved for the treatment of genital herpes:

Acyclovir: The oldest antiviral medication for herpes is acyclovir. It has been available since 1982 in a topical form (as an ointment) and sold since 1985 in pill form. Acyclovir has been shown to be safe in persons who have used it continuously (every day) for as long as 10 years.

Valacyclovir: A newer drug, valacyclovir, actually uses acyclovir as its active ingredient. This medication delivers acyclovir more efficiently so that the body absorbs much of the drug, which has the advantage of taking the medication fewer times during the day.

Famciclovir: Famciclovir uses penciclovir as its active ingredient to stop HSV from replicating. Like valacyclovir, it is well absorbed, persists for a longer time in the body, and can be taken less frequently than acyclovir.

Antiviral medication is commonly prescribed for patients having a first episode of genital herpes, but they can be used for recurrent episodes as well. There are two kinds of treatment regimens: episodic therapy and suppressive therapy.

Episodic Therapy

In this approach, a person begins taking medication at the first sign of an outbreak (or ideally at first signs of prodrome) and continues taking medication for several days, in order to speed healing or even prevent an outbreak from fully occurring. All three of the antiviral treatments mentioned above have been proven to help shorten the amount of time that a person may experience symptoms of herpes. However, keep in mind that results may vary from person to person.

Many people feel the advantages of using medication for recurrent episodes are marginal compared with use in a primary episode. But for others, episodic therapy offers a useful way to manage outbreaks by cutting the length of an outbreak by a day or two, on average. The benefits may be greater for those whose outbreaks tend to last longer.

Also, episodic therapy has its best results when treatment begins at the very first sign of prodrome. If lesions are already present, therapy may offer little benefit. Because the medications differ in their absorption rate and duration of effectiveness, dosages vary with episodic therapy treatment ranging from one to five pills every day for three to five days during an outbreak.

Suppressive Therapy

People with genital herpes who want to eliminate (suppress) outbreaks can take antiviral medication daily to hold HSV in check so that it’s less likely to flare up and cause symptoms. For individuals who have frequent recurrences (six or more per year), studies have shown that suppressive therapy can reduce the number of outbreaks by at least 75% while the medication is being taken. Also, for some, taking an antiviral on a daily basis can prevent outbreaks altogether.

While antivirals can be successful in controlling herpes symptoms, researchers also have turned their attention to the important issue of antiviral therapy and asymptomatic shedding. Does suppressive therapy lower the risk of unrecognized herpes reactivation as well as curb recognized outbreaks? One study addressing this question found that women on suppressive acyclovir (400 mg, twice daily) had a 94% reduction in subclinical shedding while taking daily therapy. This type of study has also been done with famciclovir and valacyclovir, with similar reductions seen in both men and women.

Suppressive therapy has been studied in thousands of patients and it appears to be both safe and effective. Because the medications differ in their absorption rate and duration of effectiveness, dosages vary with suppressive therapy treatment ranging from one to two pills every day.

Treatment for Oral Herpes

The antiviral medications available in pill form (acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir) have been specifically developed for the treatment of genital herpes. However, it is not uncommon for healthcare providers to prescribe the antiviral drugs to those who have frequent or severe outbreaks of oral herpes. A recent study found valacyclovir to be effective for treating oral herpes in a one-day treatment of 2 grams taken at the first sign of a cold sore, and then again about 12 hours later.

There are two topical antiviral medications prescribed for the treatment of oral HSV symptoms: acyclovir ointment (brand name Zovirax®) and penciclovir cream (brand name Denavir®). Both work to speed up the healing process and reduce the viral activity. These topical drugs are put directly on the lesions themselves, but can also be used at the onset of prodrome.

Other topical treatments for oral herpes are available over-the-counter (OTC), but are not antiviral compounds like acyclovir and penciclovir. Some also contain ingredients that numb the area and induce temporary relief from the discomfort of an outbreak. Unfortunately, some OTC treatments may actually delay the healing time of symptoms because they can further irritate the area with repeated applications. There is only one OTC FDA-approved cream, called Abreva®, which has been clinically proven to help speed the healing process.

Alternative Therapies

Over-the-counter creams and/or ointments are not recommended for genital herpes, since they can interfere with the healing process in a number of ways, causing genital outbreaks to last longer. Keeping the area clean and as dry as possible and allowing the area to get air can help to speed the healing process.

Many people find that outbreaks tend to lessen in severity and frequency with time. What triggers an outbreak is highly individual, but with time, many people learn to recognize, and sometimes avoid, factors that seem to reactivate HSV in their own bodies. For example, illness, poor diet, emotional or physical stress, friction in the genital area, prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light (commonly for oral herpes, such as a beach trip or skiing weekend), surgical trauma, or steroidal medication (such as asthma treatment) may trigger a herpes outbreak.

The frequency of outbreaks can often be managed through effective stress management, and getting adequate rest, nutrition, and exercise.

People often ask about an amino acid by the name of lysine (L-lysine), because of Internet claims or claims from other people that it helps control outbreaks. While some studies have suggested that lysine supplements can reduce the frequency of recurrences or healing time, other trials have been unable to replicate those results. Therefore, there is not sufficient information to discern how effective it may be, in addition to what the effective dosages or frequency of L-lysine may be.

Lysine can be found with other nutrients and supplements at your local grocery or drug store, but people should only take the recommended dosage if it is taken and always check with their healthcare provider first before starting any new medication or supplement. Megadoses of lysine may throw other amino acids out of balance and interfere with the absorption of other nutrients such as vitamins and minerals.

In regard to possible foods to avoid, some people feel that foods that contain high amounts of the amino acid arginine may cause herpes outbreaks. Arginine is found in numerous foods that are eaten on a regular basis; therefore, we do not encourage someone to stop eating foods simply because they contain arginine. However, an individual may want to consider adjusting their diet if she or he is having frequent outbreaks and believes food is a contributing factor. Again, while some individuals believe arginine can trigger outbreaks, there is no clinical evidence to support these claims.

It is very important for infected person to avoid sexual contact including vaginal, anal and oral sex to until all your blisters and ulcers have cleared up. You also should avoid sharing personal belongings with others. Make sure that you have the right treatment and consult your health provider to ensure that this will not lead to complications in the future.

Meet other Herpes Singles on Meet Positives, join today!

  [Are you dating?|} Meet Positives is a website for people impacted with HSV Start feeling normal again Sign up: herpes positive singles

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Did you Know? Statistics of Genital Herpes in US

Did you Know? Statistics of Genital Herpes in US is available on: Herpes Meet Positives

Statistics of Genital Herpes in US

More than 50 million adults in the US with genital herpes and up to 776,000 new infections each year.  Some estimates suggest that by 2025 up to 40% of all men and half of all women could be infected.

  The prevention of herpes and other STD's is extremely important. This virus can be passed from one person to another through sexual contact even if the infected person doesn't have symptoms or signs of infection yet. Most people who have herpes shows no symptoms or have a very mild one so they don't exert effort to get tested.

With more than 50 million adults in the US with genital herpes and up to 776,000 new infections each year, some estimates suggest that by 2025 up to 40% of all men and half of all women could be infected.

  First seen on: (http://www.emedicinehealth.com/genital_herpes/page4_em.htm)

Early symptoms and signs of genital herpes tend to develop within 3 to 7 days of skin-to-skin contact with an infected person. This 3 to 7 day period is known as the incubation period. Genital herpes infections look like a rash composed of small blisters or ulcers (round areas of broken skin) on the genitals. Each blister or ulcer is typically only 1 to 3 millimeters (1/32 inch to 1/8th inch) in size, and the blisters or ulcers tend to be grouped into "crops." Usually the blisters form first, then soon open to form ulcers. Herpes infections may be painless or slightly tender. In some people, however, the blisters or ulcers can be very tender and painful.

Video Credit

Location of genital herpes

In men, genital herpes sores (lesions) usually appear on or around the penis.  Learn more about genital herpes in men, here.

In women, the lesions may be visible outside the vagina, but they commonly occur inside the vagina where they can cause discomfort or vaginal discharge and may not be seen except during a doctor's examination. Learn more about symptoms found in females, here.

The ulcers or blisters may also be found anywhere around the genitals (the perineum) and in and around the anus.

First outbreak of genital herpes

The first genital herpes outbreak is usually the most painful, and the initial episode may last longer than later outbreaks. Symptoms may last for 2 to 4 weeks.

Some people develop other signs of genital herpes infection, particularly with the first episode including:

fever,

muscle aches,

headaches (may be severe),

vaginal discharge or painful urination, and

swollen and tender lymph nodes in the groin (these swell as the body tries to fight the infection).

Later outbreaks of genital herpes

If the disease returns, later outbreaks generally have much less severe symptoms. Many people with recurrent disease develop pain or a tingling sensation in the area of the infection even before any blisters or ulcers can be seen. This is due to irritation and inflammation of the nerves leading to the infected area of skin.

These are early signs that an outbreak is about to begin. The condition is particularly contagious during this period, even though the skin still appears normal.

The herpes virus can be spread from one place on your body to another, such as from genitals to your fingers or other parts of your body. If a person has signs or symptoms of a genital herpes infection, he or she should seek the care of a doctor as soon as possible. The treatment for herpes would be more effective when it started within the first few days.

First seen on: (http://www.ashasexualhealth.org/stdsstis/herpes/herpes-treatment/)

While there is no cure for herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections, there are various treatment options available.

Treatment for Genital Herpes

There are three antiviral medications that are FDA-approved for the treatment of genital herpes:

Acyclovir: The oldest antiviral medication for herpes is acyclovir. It has been available since 1982 in a topical form (as an ointment) and sold since 1985 in pill form. Acyclovir has been shown to be safe in persons who have used it continuously (every day) for as long as 10 years.

Valacyclovir: A newer drug, valacyclovir, actually uses acyclovir as its active ingredient. This medication delivers acyclovir more efficiently so that the body absorbs much of the drug, which has the advantage of taking the medication fewer times during the day.

Famciclovir: Famciclovir uses penciclovir as its active ingredient to stop HSV from replicating. Like valacyclovir, it is well absorbed, persists for a longer time in the body, and can be taken less frequently than acyclovir.

Antiviral medication is commonly prescribed for patients having a first episode of genital herpes, but they can be used for recurrent episodes as well. There are two kinds of treatment regimens: episodic therapy and suppressive therapy.

Episodic Therapy

In this approach, a person begins taking medication at the first sign of an outbreak (or ideally at first signs of prodrome) and continues taking medication for several days, in order to speed healing or even prevent an outbreak from fully occurring. All three of the antiviral treatments mentioned above have been proven to help shorten the amount of time that a person may experience symptoms of herpes. However, keep in mind that results may vary from person to person.

Many people feel the advantages of using medication for recurrent episodes are marginal compared with use in a primary episode. But for others, episodic therapy offers a useful way to manage outbreaks by cutting the length of an outbreak by a day or two, on average. The benefits may be greater for those whose outbreaks tend to last longer.

Also, episodic therapy has its best results when treatment begins at the very first sign of prodrome. If lesions are already present, therapy may offer little benefit. Because the medications differ in their absorption rate and duration of effectiveness, dosages vary with episodic therapy treatment ranging from one to five pills every day for three to five days during an outbreak.

Suppressive Therapy

People with genital herpes who want to eliminate (suppress) outbreaks can take antiviral medication daily to hold HSV in check so that it’s less likely to flare up and cause symptoms. For individuals who have frequent recurrences (six or more per year), studies have shown that suppressive therapy can reduce the number of outbreaks by at least 75% while the medication is being taken. Also, for some, taking an antiviral on a daily basis can prevent outbreaks altogether.

While antivirals can be successful in controlling herpes symptoms, researchers also have turned their attention to the important issue of antiviral therapy and asymptomatic shedding. Does suppressive therapy lower the risk of unrecognized herpes reactivation as well as curb recognized outbreaks? One study addressing this question found that women on suppressive acyclovir (400 mg, twice daily) had a 94% reduction in subclinical shedding while taking daily therapy. This type of study has also been done with famciclovir and valacyclovir, with similar reductions seen in both men and women.

Suppressive therapy has been studied in thousands of patients and it appears to be both safe and effective. Because the medications differ in their absorption rate and duration of effectiveness, dosages vary with suppressive therapy treatment ranging from one to two pills every day.

Treatment for Oral Herpes

The antiviral medications available in pill form (acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir) have been specifically developed for the treatment of genital herpes. However, it is not uncommon for healthcare providers to prescribe the antiviral drugs to those who have frequent or severe outbreaks of oral herpes. A recent study found valacyclovir to be effective for treating oral herpes in a one-day treatment of 2 grams taken at the first sign of a cold sore, and then again about 12 hours later.

There are two topical antiviral medications prescribed for the treatment of oral HSV symptoms: acyclovir ointment (brand name Zovirax®) and penciclovir cream (brand name Denavir®). Both work to speed up the healing process and reduce the viral activity. These topical drugs are put directly on the lesions themselves, but can also be used at the onset of prodrome.

Other topical treatments for oral herpes are available over-the-counter (OTC), but are not antiviral compounds like acyclovir and penciclovir. Some also contain ingredients that numb the area and induce temporary relief from the discomfort of an outbreak. Unfortunately, some OTC treatments may actually delay the healing time of symptoms because they can further irritate the area with repeated applications. There is only one OTC FDA-approved cream, called Abreva®, which has been clinically proven to help speed the healing process.

Alternative Therapies

Over-the-counter creams and/or ointments are not recommended for genital herpes, since they can interfere with the healing process in a number of ways, causing genital outbreaks to last longer. Keeping the area clean and as dry as possible and allowing the area to get air can help to speed the healing process.

Many people find that outbreaks tend to lessen in severity and frequency with time. What triggers an outbreak is highly individual, but with time, many people learn to recognize, and sometimes avoid, factors that seem to reactivate HSV in their own bodies. For example, illness, poor diet, emotional or physical stress, friction in the genital area, prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light (commonly for oral herpes, such as a beach trip or skiing weekend), surgical trauma, or steroidal medication (such as asthma treatment) may trigger a herpes outbreak.

The frequency of outbreaks can often be managed through effective stress management, and getting adequate rest, nutrition, and exercise.

People often ask about an amino acid by the name of lysine (L-lysine), because of Internet claims or claims from other people that it helps control outbreaks. While some studies have suggested that lysine supplements can reduce the frequency of recurrences or healing time, other trials have been unable to replicate those results. Therefore, there is not sufficient information to discern how effective it may be, in addition to what the effective dosages or frequency of L-lysine may be.

Lysine can be found with other nutrients and supplements at your local grocery or drug store, but people should only take the recommended dosage if it is taken and always check with their healthcare provider first before starting any new medication or supplement. Megadoses of lysine may throw other amino acids out of balance and interfere with the absorption of other nutrients such as vitamins and minerals.

In regard to possible foods to avoid, some people feel that foods that contain high amounts of the amino acid arginine may cause herpes outbreaks. Arginine is found in numerous foods that are eaten on a regular basis; therefore, we do not encourage someone to stop eating foods simply because they contain arginine. However, an individual may want to consider adjusting their diet if she or he is having frequent outbreaks and believes food is a contributing factor. Again, while some individuals believe arginine can trigger outbreaks, there is no clinical evidence to support these claims.

It is very important for infected person to avoid sexual contact including vaginal, anal and oral sex to until all your blisters and ulcers have cleared up. You also should avoid sharing personal belongings with others. Make sure that you have the right treatment and consult your health provider to ensure that this will not lead to complications in the future.

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