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hardynwa · 6 months

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Imo, Bayelsa, Kogi elections: South-East traditional rulers, bishops sue for peace

Two days before the off-season elections, Imolites, Bayelsans and Kogites have been advised to embrace peace for free, fair and transparent elections in their various states. The Joint Body of South East Council of Traditional Rulers and the Representatives of the Igbo Archbishops and Bishops on Peace and Conflict Resolution appealed in a joint statement signed by H.M. Obi Nnaemeka Achebe, CFR, Chairman, Anambra State Trad. Rulers Council, Most Rev. Dr. Chibuzo R. Opoko, TFG, DOB, JP, Methodist Archbishop of Umuahia, H.M. Igwe Amb L. O. C. Agubuzu, OON, Chairman, Enugu State Trad. Rulers Council, and Most Rev. Dr. Valerian M. Okeke, Catholic Archbishop of Onitsha. The joint body enlisted the negative forces of bad elections and their impact on the Nigerian political economy. It however, urged all Nigerians to pray for “Almighty God to guide us to freely and transparently elect a new leadership in Bayelsa, Imo and Kogi States imbued with vision, wisdom, courage, compassion, and the fear of God, to restore good governance and lead their states towards the attainment of their full potential to the benefit of their constituents, the electorate and to the glory of the nation, Nigeria as a leader of African and Black peoples the world over”. Read the full statement below: LET PEACE REIGN A PRESS STATEMENT ISSUED ON NOVEMBER 8TH, 2023 BY THE JOINT BODY OF THE SOUTHEAST COUNCIL OF TRADITIONAL RULERS AND REPRESENTATIVES OF IGBO ARCHBISHOPS AND BISHOPS ON PEACE AND RECONCILIATION ON ENSURING PEACEFUL, FREE AND FAIR GOVERNORSHIP ELECTION IN IMO STATE - Ladies and Gentlemen of the Press - On November 11th, 2023, the electorate in Bayelsa, Kogi and Imo States of the Federal Republic of Nigeria will go to the polls to excise their civic duties by electing the Governors of their respective states. The Joint Body of South East Council of Traditional Rulers and the Representatives of the Igbo Archbishops and Bishops on Peace and Conflict Resolution (The Joint Body) hereby calls on all Nigerians to do their utmost to ensure that the elections take place in a free, fair and transparent atmosphere. This would enable the best candidates to emerge to lead in probably the most perilous times for the country in decades. - The aftermath of the highly contentious General Elections in February and March this year was characterised by a deluge of disputed results that in turn precipitated a plethora of court cases which have left the nation mired in a deepening distrust for public institutions. From the electoral umpire, the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) to the Judiciary, the last hope of the common citizen, our nation’s socio-political fabric has been stretched to the point of sundering. - On the economic front, the challenges have been unrelenting as the harshness of an inclement economy have savaged most of our people, yet inexplicably leaving the privileged and financially secure unaffected, and aloof and indifferent to the implications for their fellow citizens. Indeed, it is the beneficiaries of the flawed 2023 General Elections that are themselves at odds with the masses who voted them into office. Divorced and disconnected from the accountability of servant leadership, Nigeria’s political class have adorned the amour of gladiators in pursuit power by all means. - The reality of a politically-aware and yet disenfranchised younger generation questioning the usurpation of their civic rights and responsibilities to vote and be voted for in the electoral process; the power and influence of pervasive, decentralized social media on youth who represent that largest voter demographic in the history of Nigeria’s democracy; and the emergence of alternatives to the hitherto dominant political parties that have held power at the national level, have raised the stakes and fragmented the electorate. The ensuing robust electioneering campaigns by the parties as well as the animated debates by the populace in the various news media, have crystalized the issues that challenge the emergence of a new political ethos and behaviour. We ask, “Can our political class and the electorate rise to the demands of the times?” - The Joint Body has in the past stepped into the context described above in exercise of its role as the moral compass for the polity. At this critical juncture in the unfolding articulation of the complex dynamics of the Southeast geo-political zone of Nigeria, the Joint Body is suing for peace. The public may recall that when the situation in Anambra State was about to boil over and threatened the success of the Gubernatorial Election in 2019, it was the Joint Body that stepped into the breach, resulting in a Peace Agreement between the political class and other stakeholders, including non-state actors. Today, Imo State is uncertain of the desired goal of an orderly, peaceful, harmonious, and unifying Gubernatorial Election. We must all act and let peace reign. - Specifically, a. We implore the Federal and Imo State Governments and their relevant agencies to do their utmost to ensure that the election is free, fair and transparent. This would eliminate or minimize any post-election disputes and enable the winner to gain the immediate support of the electorate in confronting the challenges at hand. b. We beseech all registered voters to come out in full force to exercise their constitutional rights and responsibilities of voting for the candidates of their choice without fear or favour. We urge the electorates to resist any intimidation or efforts to compromise their conscience with cheap financial or material gestures that could provide momentary comfort but impoverish and compromise them for four years or longer through bad governance. i. We remind the electorate, the political class, and candidates for elective office that they share the highest responsibility for strengthening our nascent democratic culture through their lawful conduct. ii. We call on the leaders of all political parties and their candidates to remind their supporters, stakeholders, and party faithful, to commit unequivocally to non-violence and maintenance of peace during the elections and beyond. iii. We call on the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) to rise to its statutory mandate in delivering a flawless election with all the technology and human capacity at its disposal. It is crucial for the body to re-assure the people of Imo State and Nigerians of the integrity of its processes called into question by the flawed 2023 General Elections. INEC must act to forestall illegal tampering with the election results. iv. We reiterate that the security agencies have a solemn duty to guarantee the peaceful and free movement of people who come out to exercise their civic duties, as well as prevent troublemakers from disrupting the elections, or attacks on any section of the people bases on ethnicity, religion or party affiliations before, during or after the election. We urge that they devote particular attention to the already reported instances of insecurity, violence, kidnapping for ransom, shedding of innocent blood, and attacks on public buildings and uniformed officers. - We make the above demands based on the fact that much of our current circumstances is linked directly and indirectly to the primary challenge of forging a pathway to an inclusive and prosperous nationhood. It is in the name of Almighty God therefore, that we, the Joint Body, are calling on all traditional rulers in Imo State to work in concert with their town and community leadership to ensure a conducive environment for the elections in their domains. We also call on all religious leaders of Islamic, Christian and other religions, to admonish their faithful to be of good conduct as they perform their constitutional duties of participating in the electoral process in their numbers. - In conclusion, we urge all Nigerians to pray fervently for Almighty God to guide us to freely and transparently elect a new leadership in Bayelsa, Imo and Kogi States imbued with vision, wisdom, courage, compassion, and the fear of God, to restore good governance and lead their States towards the attainment of their full potential to the benefit of their constituents, the electorate and to the glory of the nation, Nigeria as a leader of African and Black peoples the world over. Read the full article

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abovebelowconniew · 2 years

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-NAMING OF MY MAIN CHARACTER-

I named my character Chrysan Hyacinth.

Chrysan-

Chrysan is short for Chrysanthemum. Chrysanthemum is a flower. The leaves of the flower are alternate, divided into leaflets and may be pinnatisect, lobed or serrate but rarely entire. The compound inflorescence is a stunning array of several flower heads or sometimes a single head, the head has a based littered in phyllaries.

The Chrysanthemums start blooming in early autumn and are known as the favourite flower for the month of November.

Chrysanthemums were first cultivated in China as a flowering herb as far back as the 15 century BC, by 2014 it was estimated that there were over 20,000 cultivars in the world and 7,000 cultivars in China. The plants is renowned as one of the Four Gentlemen in Chinese and East Asian Art. The plant is particularly significant during the Double Ninth Festival.

Chrysanthemums cultivation began in Japan during the Nara and Heian Periods (early 8th to late 12th centuries) and gained popularity during the Edo period (early 17th to late 19th century). Many colours, flower shapes and varieties were created. The chrysanthemums culture florished. At the end of the Edo period, the chrysanthemums were exported to China, changing the way Chinese chrysanthemums cultivars were grown and their popularity. The Imperial Seal of Japan is a chrysanthemum and the institution of monarchy is also called the Chrysanthemum Throne. A number of festivals and shows take place thought Japan during autumn when the flowers bloom. Chrysanthemums day ( 重陽の節句 (Kiku No Sekku ) is one of the five ancient sacred festivals. It is celebrated on the 9th day of the 9th month. It started in 910, when the imperial court held its first chrysanthemum show.

Chrysanthemums each symbolise different things. White and yellow chrysanthemums symbolise goodbyes, since they are widely used to say farewell in Asia. In the USA, the flowers symbolise friendship and happiness. The flowers carry the symbolic meaning of devoted love, loyalty, happiness and joy.

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camillasgirl · 2 years

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A speech by HRH The Duchess of Cornwall at a Women of the World Reception on International Women's Day

Ladies, more ladies and one or two brave gentlemen, it is a huge pleasure to welcome you all to Clarence House on International Women’s Day. It is reassuring to know that, if I should fall off my perch at any moment, my fictional alter ego is here to take over – so, Emerald, be prepared!

It was in 1913 that International Women’s Day was first observed on 8th March. Exactly one year later, Sylvia Pankhurst was arrested on her way to Trafalgar Square, where she was to speak on “Votes for Women”.

Today gives us the opportunity to consider just how much we have progressed since then. In 1918, the right to vote; in 1944, the right to equal education; and in 1970, the right to equal pay. There remain vast strides to be made – on the current trajectory, we will need more than 135 years to close the gender gap worldwide – but let us take a moment to thank the women and men who have, for decades, fought hard for justice and equality. I should, in particular, like to thank all of you for your outstanding leadership that inspires women and girls across the globe.

WOW has done much over the years to break down barriers, to challenge the status quo and to improve life for women and men everywhere. It has done this in a variety of ways: through festivals, discussions, performances, workshops and the new WOW Changemakers global network that launches today. But one of the most significant weapons in WOW’s arsenal has always been the sharing of stories. Through the festivals that have now taken place in six continents, women are empowered to talk about their personal experiences - sometimes harrowing, sometimes celebratory - spurring one another on towards our goal of a truly equal world, and reminding us that we all suffer, irrespective of our gender, when women are not fairly represented.

Stories have power. I very much hope that you have all been able to speak to Fawzia, Ferozan and Alia, to hear them describe what life has been like for female judges in Afghanistan; and to Inna about the heart-breaking conditions in Ukraine, where democracy and freedom are under brutal attack. Their stories, of the humanity behind the headlines, are unbearably moving – but they must, and they do, have the power to stir us to action.

Over the past months, I have had the privilege of meeting many extraordinary women and hearing their stories. The majority work completely under the radar: mothers fighting for the rights of their children with life-limiting conditions; women who served as volunteers throughout the pandemic; a young woman who came to breakfast here to tell me about leaving abuse in her country of origin and who is now proud to work for Transport for London; and the first female plumber in the Middle East.

Others have a public profile, such as Holocaust survivor and fearless anti-prejudice campaigner, Eva Schloss; taboo-breaking Irish author, Edna O’Brien; and the brilliant Erica Osakwe, whom I met in January at a reception to mark the 50th anniversary of Refuge. Erica stood where I am standing now and, with humility and profound courage, told us how she had used her own experience of an abusive relationship to campaign, successfully, to change the law, extending the time limit for reporting abuse from six months to up to two years. Recalling those days, Erica said she felt that people initially “didn’t value [her] story”.

Yet what Erica clearly demonstrated was, in fact, the immeasurable value of her story, which she had used to bring about change for the benefit of others. Whether consciously or unconsciously, the telling of stories forges connections, encourages others and raises awareness of the need, as this year’s International Women’s Day theme says, to “break the bias”. Ultimately, it strengthens the global community of women. To quote a wise Latin proverb: Change the name and the story is about you.

Over the coming days, as you gather for the 12th London WOW Festival, please speak up and share your stories. As I said just now, they have power. But you cannot know their power until they are released into the world.

And now it is my pleasure to hand over to someone who knows the value of a good story, without whom we wouldn’t be gathered here today, WOW’s founder, the indomitable Jude Kelly.

#duchess of cornwall #love quote #speech

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bookofjin · 3 years

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Rise of Sixteen States: 304

This year there were many affairs.

Liu Yuan declares himself King of Han.

Li Xiong declares himself King of Chengdu

22 February 304 – 10 February 305

(Jin's 1st Year of Yongxing)

(Han's 1st Year of Yuanxi)

(Chengdu's 1st Year of Jianxing)

3rd Month, wushen [1 May], used the King of Chengdu, Ying as August Brother-Heir and Commander-in-Chief of All Army Affairs in the Centre and Outside, and Assisting Chancellor.

7th Month, bingshen, New Moon [17 August], the General of the Guards of the Right, Chen Zhen, used a decree summoning the hundred companions to enter within the hall, and following that directed troops to punish the King of Chengdu, Ying.

On jihai [20 August], the Minister over the Masses, Wang Rong, the King of Donghai, Yue, and others served the Emperor on a northern campaign. They arrived at Anyang with a multitude of 100 000. Ying dispatched his general Shi Chao to resist them in battle.

On jiwei [9 September], the Six Armies were defeated at Dangyin. Arrows reached the Driving Carriage, the hundred officials divided and scattered. The Emperor that evening favoured Ying's chariot, the next day he favoured Ye.

8th Month [16 September – 15 October], the General who Calms the North, Wang Jun, dispatched Wuwan cavalry to attack the King of Chengdu at Ye, greatly routing him. Ying drove with the Emperor in a single chariot to flee to Luoyang.

11th Month, yiwei [14 December], Zhang Fang coerced the Emperor to favour Chang'an.

The King of Hejian, Yong, led public officials and 30 000 infantry and cavalry to welcome [the Emperor] at Bashang.

(Liu Yuan)

The King of Chendu, Ying, became August Brother-Heir. He used Yuan as Colonel of Garrison Cavalry to the Brother-Heir. Emperor Hui attacked Ying, and stayed at Dangyin. Ying made use of Yuan as General who Assists the State and Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Affairs of the Northern City. When Emperor Hui had been defeated, he used Yuan as General of the Best of the Army, ennobled as Earl of Lunu. Soon after, the Inspector of Bing province, the Duke of Dongying, Teng, and the General who Calms the North and Inspector of You province, Wang Jun, raised troops to attack Ying. Ying's host fought and was defeated. Yuan spoke to Ying, saying:

Now the two garrisons trample on restraint, with a multitude exceeding 100 000. [I] fear we will not be able to manage them with the personal guards and the nearby commanderies' gentlemen and people. Yuan will, Your Highness, return to explain to the Five Sections, assemble and gather a righteous multitude, and thereby hasten to the state's difficulties.

Ying said:

The multitudes of the Five Sections, can they protect and set out already or not? Allowing for you being able to send them out, the Xianbei and Wuhuan are strong and quick like the wind and clouds. How easily can it be done? I wish to serve the Driving Carriage and return to Luoyang, and avoid their spear points, calmly summon Under Heaven to arms, and govern them according to their opposition or loyalty. Lord, what are your thoughts?

Yuan said:

Your Highness is the son of the Martial August Emperor, and has special merits in the royal house. Your power and kindness shine in harmony, the Four Sea's reverent wind. Who would not consider to lose their lives and throw down their bodies for Your Highness? What is the difficulty in sending them out! Wang Jun is an upstart son and Dongying a distant cousin, how could they contend equally with Your Highness?

If Your Highness goes out alone from the Ye palace, and shows weakness to people, is it possible then to arrive in Luoyang? Suppose you reach Luoyang, power and authority will not be restored to Your Highness. A paper calling to arms is a foot-long letter, who will the person be who receives it!

Moreover the Eastern Hu's courage does not exceed the Five Sections. [I] wish Your Highness would encourage and console the multitude soldiers, calming them down and thereby quell them. [I] will, Your Highness, use two sections to destroy Dongying and three sections to put on display Wang Jun. You can point to the day when the heads of the two upstarts will be hanging up.

Ying was pleased and designated Yuan as Northern Chanyu, Assisting the Army Affairs of the Imperial Chancellor. Yuan arrived at Zuoguocheng. Liu Xuan and others elevated him to the title of Great Chanyu. Within twenty days the multitude was soon 50 000. He set his capital at Lishi. He dispatched the Yulu King of the Left, Hong, to lead 5 000 elite cavalry and meet up with Ying's general Wang Cui and resist the Duke of Dongying, Teng. But Cui had already been defeated by Teng, so Hong returned back with nothing done.

Wang Jun sent General Qi Hong to lead Xianbei and attack Ye. Ying was defeated, and held onto the Son of Heaven to run south to Luoyang. Yuan heard Ying had left Ye, he sighed and said:

Ying did not employ my words, on the contrary he is himself running from disaster. He truly has menial talents. However as I and him had words, I cannot but aid him.

Hence he instructed the Yulu King of the Right, Liu Jing, and the Dulu King of the Left, Liu Yannian, and others to lead 20 000 infantry and cavalry, and commanded them to punish the Xianbei. Liu Xuan and others firmly remonstrated, saying:

Jin is without the Way, slaves and lackeys govern us. Therefore the Worthy King of the Right's fierceness does not surpass his anger. Just now Jin's guide ropes are not spread. [If] the great affair is not followed through, the Worthy of the Right will smear [himself] with earth, to the Chanyu's shame.

Now in the Sima clan, father and son, elder and younger brother, are themselves [chopping] each other [like] fish meat, this is Heaven casting aside Jin's virtue and conferring it on us. [If] the Chanyu stores up virtue in his body, and is submitted to by the people of Jin, [he] soon will raise up our nation and tribe and restore the patrimony of Huhanxie. The Xianbei and Wuhuan are of our manners and type, and could be used as helpers, why would [we] resist them and aid [our] foes!

Now Heaven is acting through us and cannot be disobeyed. To disobey Heaven is not auspicious, to go against the multitudes is not helpful. [He who when] Heaven gives does not take, will in turn receive his calamity. [I] wish the Chanyu would not doubt.

Yuan said:

Good. [I] will be raising up the hill to the pinnacle mound, why would I make a hillock! As for Emperors and Kings, when where they regular? Yu the Great was born among the Western Rong, King Wen was born among the eastern Yu. Looking back, they were conferred for virtue, that was all. Now [I] see a multitude of more than 100 000, and anyone of us is a match for ten of the Jin. To strike the march and destroy chaotic Jin is like snapping deadwood, that is all. At best I can complete the legacy of Gao of Han, at worst I will be no less than the Wei clan. How is Huhanxie a sufficient course of action!

However, the people of Jin are not necessarily similar to us. Han had Under Heaven for many generations, kindness and virtue connection to the population's hearts. Thus though Zhaolie [lived] rough and rugged in the lands of a single province, he was yet able contend at an equal level Under Heaven. I am also a sister's child of the Han clan, sworn to be elder and younger brothers. When the older brother perishes, the younger carries on. Can we not do likewise? Now moreover, I can raise up Han, posthumously honour the Later Ruler, and thereby comfort the populace's expectations.

Xuan and others touched head to ground, saying:

[They] are not reaching up [to you].

1st Year of Yuanxi [304 AD], he moved to Zuoguocheng. The Jin people who [came from] the east to adhere were several ten thousand. Xuan and others sent up [to assume] the venerated title. Yuan said:

Now the Jin clan still exist, the Four Regions are not yet settled. [We] can look up to and honour the Exalted August's first regulations, and moreover designate [me] King of Han [while] for the moment delaying the tile of August Emperor. [When I] hear the cosmos is mixed into one [I] will once more discuss it.

10th Month [14 November – 10 December], he had an altar in the southern suburbs, and falsely ranked as King of Han. He sent down an order, saying:

Formerly our Grand Founder [taizu], the Exalted [gao] August Emperor used his divine martial ability to follow expectations, and broadly began the great patrimony. The Grand Ancestor [taizong], the Filial and Civil [xiaowen] August Emperor gave weight to using enlightened kindness, peace and prosperity was the Way of Han. The Generational Ancestor [shizong], the Filial and Martiaizul [xiaowu] August Emperor expanded the territory and repelled the yi, the territory exceeding the days of Tang. The Middle Ancestor [zhongzong], the Filial and Propagating [xiaoxuan] August Emperor, sought and lifted up the capable and outstanding, many scholars filled the court.

Hence the Way of our founder and ancestors strode pass the Three Kings, their achievements exalted as the Five Emperors. For that reason the foretold years were many times the Xia and Shang's, the foretold generations exceeded the Ji clan. But Yuan and Cheng had many crimes, Ai and Ping were briefly blessed. The traitorous subject Wang Mang overflowed Heaven and usurped disobediently.

Our Generational Founder [shizu], the Brilliant and Martial [guangwu] August Emperor was expansively endowed with sagely martial ability. He immensely restored the vast foundation, worshipped Han matched with Heaven, and did not neglect old matters, so that the Three Luminaries' obscurity were yet restored to clarity, the Three Receptacles' darkness were yet restored to visibility. The Manifesting Ancestor [xianzong], the Filial and Enlightened [xiaoming] August Emperor, and the Solemn Ancestor [suzong], the Filial and Articulating [xiaozhang] August Emperor, amassed eras, the blazing light twice revealed.

From He and An and afterwards, the august guide-ropes gradually decayed, Heaven's pace was hard and difficult, the state's government again and again cut off. The Yellow Turban seas boiled in the Nine Provinces, the crowd of eunuchs' poison flowed in the Four Seas. Dong Zhuo following that indulged his careless heedlessness, Cao Cao, father and son, fell rebels, were soon after.

For that reason Xiaomin let go and put aside the ten thousand states. Zhaolie strayed beyond Min and Shu, hoping the stoppage in the end would have exaltation, returning the carriage box to the old capital. How to assess Heaven not regretting the calamity, the Later Emperor was embarrassed and humiliated.

Since the altars of soil and grain were lost and ceased, the ancestral temple have not had blood to eat for forty years until this point. Now Heaven is coaxing its inner self, regretting the calamity to August Han, and making the Sima clan, father and son, elder and younger brother, repeatedly break and wipe out each other. The numerous multitudes are in the mud and soot, scattering to denounce and accuse.

This Orphan is now all at once pushed forward by the crowd of excellencies, to carry on offering to the Three Founders' legacy. Looking at [my] current crippled ignorance, [I] shiver in fear for collapsing in a shallow grave. However, as the great shame is not yet wiped away, the altars of soil and grain are without a host, with gall in the mouth and the roost cold, [I] will strive to follow the crowd's opinion.

He changed Jin's 1st Year of Yongxing to be the 1st Year of Yuanxi [“Inaugural Radiance”], there was a great amnesty Under Heaven. He posthumously venerated Liu Shan as the Filial and Cherished [xiaohuai] August Emperor. He established Gaozu of Han and below, three Founders and five Ancestors, as divine rules and worshipped them. He established his wife, Ms. Huyan as Queen, set up the hundred officials, and used the Worthy King of the Right, Xuan, as Imperial Chancellor, Cui You as Imperial Clerk Grandee, the Yulu King of the Left, Hong, as Grand Commandant, Fan Long as Great Herald, Zhu Ji as Grand Master of Ceremonies, Cui Yizhi of Shangdang and Chen Yuanda of the Rear Section both as Gentlemen of the Yellow Gates, his clan-child Yao as General who Establishes the Martial, the remainder were designated and conferred each proportionally. You firmly declined and did not go.

12th Month [12 January 305 – 3 February], the Duke of Dongying, Teng, sent General Nie Xuan to chastise him, they fought at Daling. Xuan's host achieved defeat. Teng was afraid, he led more than 20 000 households of Bing province to go down East of the Mountain. Thereupon [the people who] lived there were robbed. Yuan dispatched his General who Establishes the Martial, Liu Yao, to rob Taiyuan, Xuanshi, Zhunliu, Zhangzi and Zhongdu, all were lost to him.

He also dispatched the General of the Best of the Army, Qiao Xi, to rob Xihe. The Prefect of Jiexu, Jia Hun resisted steadfastly and did not surrender, saying:

I am a defender of Jin, [if I am] not able to maintain it, why cautiously seek to live therefore serving thieves and miscreants? How could I face accordingly to watch and breath in the world!

Xi was angry, apprehended and wanted to kill him. Xi's general Yin Song said:

[If] the General saves him, [he can] thereby convince [him] to serve you, Lord.

Xi did not listen and thereupon murdered him. Jia Hun's wife, Ms. Zong, had a beautiful figure and Xi desired to take her. Ms. Zong reviled him, saying:

Slave of the Tuge, how can you murder a person's husband then desire to assign [her] without decorum, how is this to you? Why do you not hurry and kill me!

Then she raised her head to Heaven and greatly wept. Xi thereupon murdered her. At the time she was (more than) 20 years old. Yuan heard about it, and greatly angered said:

If it is the Way of Heaven to be perceptive, the view of Qiao Xi has sown seeds!

When the pursuers returned, he demoted his salary four grades, collected Hun's corpse and buried it.

(Cui You)

Cui You, courtesy name Zixiang, was a native Shangdang. As young he was fond of studying, he was discerning and enlightened in the Ruist methods, tranquil, peaceful, humble and withdrawn. From young to old his mouth not once spoke about wealth and profit. At the end of Wei, he was examined as Filial and Upright, and appointed Retainer of the Chancellor's Office. He set out to be Chief of Dichi, he was very kind in government affairs. He retired due to illness, and thereupon was disabled and sick.

At the beginning of Taishi [265 – 274], Emperor Wu favoured the succession from Emperor Wen's old office companions and staff, and attended on the family to designate a Palace Gentleman. Aged more than 70, he still esteemed studying and did not tire. He compiled a Chart of Mouring Clothes, which has come down through the ages. He passed on at home, at the time he was 93 years old.

(Liu Cong)

Liu Cong, courtesy name Xuanming, also named Zai, was Yuan's 4thson. His motherwas named Lady Zhang.Earlier, when she was pregnant with Cong, Lady Zhang dreamt the sun enter her breast. She woke up and told Yuan. Yuan said:

This is a good omen, take care not to talk of it.

Fifteen months from that then she gave birth to Cong, at night there was an exceptional white light. The shape of his body was not usual. In his left ear there was a single white hair, more than two chi long with considerable shine and lustre. As a young child he was yet intelligent and aware and fond of studying, the Broad Scholar Zhu Ji greatly marvelled at him. At the age of fourteen, he delved thoroughly into the the classics and histories, and even more so the assembled words of the hundred schools. In Sun and Wu's Principles of War there was nothing he did not completely understand.

He was skilled with the draft and clerical scripts, and good with composing texts. He displayed and expressed his deepest feelings in more than a hundred chapters of poetry, and more than fifty chapters of rhapsodies and hymns. At fifteen he practised striking and stabbing. He had ape arms and was good at shooting, he could bend a bow 300 jin strong, was strong in body, valiant and agile, ahead and beyond the times. Wang Hun of Taiyuan saw and was pleased with him. He spoke to Yuan, saying:

This boy cannot be measured by me.

As a youth he drifted to the Imperial City, there were nobody of the famous scholars he did not communicate and connect with. Yue Guang and Zhang Hua particularly marvelled at him.

Jin's Grand Warden of Xinxing, Guo Yi, nominated him has Master of Accounts, he served accordingly in the commandery's affairs. He was recommended good and supportive, and entered to became Marshal of Detached Section of Valiant Cavalry. The King of Qi, Jiong, used him as Palace Commandant of State. He set out to be Marshal of the Left Section, and soon after amassed to move to Chief Commandant of the Right Section. He was good at consoling and connected, there were none of the Five Section's prominent and honoured who did not revert to him. The Grand Steward, the King of Hejian, Yong, petitioned him to be Commander of the Palace Gentlemen of the Red Sand.

Cong, since Yuan was at Ye, and he feared he would be murdered by the King of Chengdu, Ying, he absconded and ran to Ying. Ying was extremely pleased, and designated him General who Amasses Crossbows of the Right, Assisting the Battle Affairs of the Vanguards. When Yuan became Chanyu of the North, he was established as Worthy King of the Right, and accompanied to turn back to the Right Section. When he was enthroned as Great Chanyu, he changed his designation to Lulu King.

(Liu Yao)

Liu Yao, courtesy name Yongming, was Yuan's clan-child. He was orphaned young, and was nurtured by Yuan. As a youth, he was yet perceptive and intelligent, and had unusual measures. Aged eight sui, he accompanied Yuan to hunt in the Western Mountains, when they came across rain, and stopped beneath a tree. Suddenly, thunder shook near the tree. None of the people did not fall over and lie down, Yao in spirit and colour was like himself. Yuan was amazed by him, and said:

This is my family's thousand li colt, older cousin is not gone!

He was nine chi, three cun tall, his hands hang down past the knees. When he was born, his eyebrows were white and his eyes had a red glow. His beard and whiskers did not exceed a hundred roots, but all were five chi long. He by nature lifted up and let drop the high and brilliant, and was not among the crowd of the multitudes.

He read books with a mind towards a broad overlook, and did not concentrate on pondering chapters and verses. He was good at composing text and was skilled with the draft and clerical scripts. His gallantry and martial ability was beyond other people. Iron one cun thick he shot and pierced, at the time it was declared to be a godly shot. He particularly fond of military books and could recite roughly all from memory. He often made light of and ridiculed Wu and Deng, but compared himself with Yue Yi, Xiao, and Cao. At the time people did not acknowledge him, only Cong said:

Yongming is in the class of Shizu and Wu of Wei, how are some Excellencies worth mention!

As a youth he drifted to Luoyang, was implicated in an affair and was to be executed. Therefore he absconded with Cao Xun to run to Liu Sui. Sui hid him in a book cabinet, carried, and sent him off to Wang Zhong. Zhong sent him off to Chaoxian. For the remainder of the year, he was starving and hard-pressed. Thereupon he altered his family and personal name, and as a retainer became a county soldier. The Prefect of Chaoxian, Cui Yue, saw and was amazed with him. He gave him clothes and food, his charity and regard was very substantial. Cao Xun, though he was in the midst of a difficult situation, served Yao with the rites of lord and subject. Yao was very gracious to him. Later there happened to be an amnesty, and he was free to return home.

He himself, since his appearance and substance was different from the multitudes, and feared he would not be tolerated during the era, once lived in hiding in the mountains of Guancen, using a qin zither and books to amuse himself. In the middle of the night, suddenly there were two servant boys who entered, knelt, and said:

The King of Guancen sends his young subjects to offer his respects to the August Emperor of Zhao.

They presented a single edged sword, put it in front of him, bowed twice, and departed. He used a torch to look at it. The sword was two chi long, the shine and polish was not ordinary, red jade made up the sheath, on the back side there was an inscription which said:

The godly sword holds sway, removes the multitudes' poison.

Yao thereupon wore it. The sword followed the four seasons and altered to have the five colours.

(Shi Le)

1st Year of Yongxing [304 AD], the King of Chengdu, Ying, defeated the Driving Carriage at Dangyin, and pressured the Emperor to go to the Ye Palace. Wang Jun, since Ying had secluded and humiliated the Son of Heaven, sent Xianbei to strike him. Ying was afraid, clasped Emperor Hui and ran south to Luoyang. The Emperor then was pressured by Zhang Fang, and moved to Chang'an. East of the Passes troops were rising up, all using executing Ying as their name. The King of Hejian, Yong, feared the abundance of the eastern host, and wished to bring together and placate the Eastern Xia. He therefore memorialised to debate deposing Ying.

This Year, Liu Yuan declared himself King of Han at Liting.

(Li Xiong)

1st Year of Jianxing, Spring, 1st Month [22 February – 22 March), Luo Shang arrived at Jiangyang. The Minister of the Army, Xin Bao, went to Luo to show the circumstances. A written decree gave authority to control Badong, Ba commandery, and Fuling commanderies, to supply his army taxes.

(JS066: At the time the Inspector of Yi province, Luo Shang, was defeated by Li Te. He dispatched envoys to announce the urgency and request provisions. Hong circulated a letter to supply and provide. But the provincial office's mainstays and guidelines, as the transport roads were isolated and remote, and the civil and military officials wanting and weary, desired to use Lingling to alone transport 5 000 hu of rice to give to Shang. Hong said:

You Lords have not yet thought about it, that is all. Under Heaven is a single family, this and that are not different. If I today provide for him, then there is no anxiety in looking west.

Thereupon he used 30 000 hu of rice from Lingling to provide for him. Shang relied on it to strengthen himself.)

Winter, 10thMonth [14 November – 13 December], the various generals firmly requested Xiong accede to the venerated rank. (HYGZ: Yang Bao and Yang Bao together urged Xiong to declare himself King.) Hence he presumptuously declared himself King of Chengdu, with an amnesty within his territories, and changed the inaugural to Jianxing [“Establishing the Rise”]. He removed the Jin laws, and condensed the law into seven chapters.

He used his junior uncle Xiang# as Grand Tutor, his commoner-born older brother Shi as Grand Guardian, the Smashing Charges Li Li as Grand Commandant, his junior cousin, the Establishing Domination Li Yun as Minister over the Masses, the Supports the Army Li Huang as Minister of Works, the Talented Officials Li Guo as Grand Steward, Yan Shi as Prefect of the Masters of Writing, Yang Bao as Supervisor, Yang Fa as Palace Attendant, Yang Gui as Master of Writing, Yang Hong as Inspector of Yi province, Xu Yu as Garrisons the South, Wang Da as Army Teacher. For the remaining civil and military officials, he designated and conferred each proportionally.

He retroactively venerated his great grandson Hu as the Mighty [huan] Duke of Ba commandery, his grandfather Mu as the Accomplished [xiang] King of Longxi, his father Te as the Luminous [jing] King, his mother Ms. Luo as Queen Dowager. His senior uncle Fu as the Ardent [lie] King of Qi, his middle uncle Xiang as the Martial [wu] King of Liang#, his middle uncle Liu as the Civil [wen] King of Qin, his older brother Dang as the Strong and Civil [zhuangwen] Duke of Guanghan.

Winter, Shang relocated to station at Ba commandery. He dispatched an army to plunder within Shu. He beheaded Xiong's granduncle Ran, and captured Xiang#'s wife Zan, his son Shou, and his brothers.

12th Month [12 January – 10 February], Xiong's Grand Commandant Li Li invaded Hanzhong, and killed the Battle Leader Zhao Min.

(Zhang Gui)

Reaching the difficulties of the two Kings of Hejian and Chengdu, he dispatched 3 000 troops to proceed east to the Imperial City.

Earlier, at the end of Han, a man of Jincheng, Yang Chengyuan, killed the Grand Warden in rebellion. A man of the commandery, Feng Zhong, attended to the corpse, shouting and weeping. He vomited blood and died.

A man of Zhangye, Wu Yong, was appointed by the Colonel who Protects the Qiang, Ma Xian. Later he was on the staff of the Grand Commandant, Pang Can. Can and Xian defamed each other with crimes that merited death. Each pulled on Yong as evidence. Yong planned and reasoned without the two accepting responsibility, and thereupon he cut his own throat and died. Can and Xian were ashamed and remorseful, and themselves made peace and cleared out with each other.

Gui in both cases sacrificed at the their tombs and honoured their sons and grandsons.

#r16s #chinese history

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scotianostra · 3 years

Photo

On December 22nd 1715 James Francis Stewart, landed in Peterhead from France.

If you read through this you might wonder, with this amount of support, how the '15 uprising failed. It's a pity the rest of Scotland didn't have the enthusiasm as this small corner of North East Scotland.

Unfortunately it was all too late as the uprising had fizzled out after Mar’s inability to press forward after Sherrifmuir, so we shall take a look at where James Stuart came ashore, the loyal town of Peterhead. Much of this is taken directly from testimony taken around the time of the Uprising.

The people of Peterhead were in the main loyal to the Sturts, and were involved in the Jacobite uprisings from beginning to end. The town proudly remembers the numbers involved and the names of some…..

In total the number of Peterhead folk called to arms in defence of the town were 138 men and 10 women – yes Peterhead women prepared to take up arms to fight for the King – Janet Dickie, Margaret Greig, Geills Scott, Margaret Dun, Elspat Mitchell, Janet Cruickshank, Mrs Walker, Elisa Bruce and Widow Bodie and Widow Brown. They were ordered to arm themselves with “ane sufficient gun charged with powder and bullets, and four spare shots besides, and ane sufficient sword” and to meet at the Cross on the appointed day, where they marched and took part in military drills. 7 Spanish cannons, salvaged from the St Michael in 1588 were taken from their position on the Battery at Keith Inch, pulled across the sand bank at the Quinzie (Queenie), and mounted on the Tolbooth Green, looking down Broad Street for the defence of the interior of the town.

On 9th September 1715 the Earl of Mar, appointed Commander-in-Chief by the exiled ‘Pretender’ King James, issued a Proclamation at Braemar signalling the start of the 1715 uprising:

“Now is the time for all good men to show their zeal for His Majesty’s service, whose cause is so deeply concerned, and the relief of our native country from oppression, and a foreign yoke too heavy for us and our posterity to bear; and to endeavour the restoring, not only of our rightful and native king, but also our country to its ancient, free and independent constitution under him whose ancestors have reigned over us for so many generations.”

On 25th October the exiled King James wrote to his supporters in Scotland: “We have not been able to look upon the present condition of our kingdoms, or to consider their future prospect without all the horror and indignation which ought to fill the breast of every Scotsman. We have beheld a foreign family, aliens to our country, distant in blood, and strangers even to our language, ascend to the throne.

“We are come to take our part in all the dangers and difficulties to which any of our subjects from the greatest down to the meanest may be exposed on this important occasion, to relieve our subjects of Scotland from the hardships they groan under and to restore the kingdom to its ancient, free and independent state.

“But we hope for better things. We hope to see our just rights and those of the church and people of Scotland, once more settled in a free and independent Scots Parliament on their ancient foundation.”

On 31st October (Hallowe’en), the Magistrates and Town Council of Peterhead met at the Tolbooth (near the present Tolbooth Wynd), under the direction of the Secretary to the Earl of Erroll (from Slains Castle), George Leith, who was also Major General of Horses under the command of the Earl Marischal, with an order from the Earl of Mar, Chief Commander of King James’s forces in Scotland, which he read – ordering twelve of their number “to be ready mounted on horseback with sword and sufficient firelock, tomorrow precisely at six of the clock, to be witnesses to the said Mr Leith, his requiring the Lord Saltoun (of Fraserburgh) to give all due obedience to the foresaid orders.”

On 1st November (All Saints’ Day), 16 mounted “fenceable men” rode to Fraserburgh to proclaim the King. They were George Leith (Secretary to the Earl of Erroll), Bailie Cruickshank, Bailie Arbuthnot, Thomas Forbes, James Whyte, James Park, John Thomson, George Cruickshank, Alex. Smith (merchant), Robert Smith, John Logan, John Taylor, William Jollie, Alex. Forbes, James Blair & William Ramsay. The band of armed Jacobites rode off north towards Fraserburgh to “require” the Lord Saltoun to obey the orders from the Earl of Mar in support of King James.

About half a mile short of Fraserburgh the Peterhead band met Lord Saltoun and “obliged him to stop until the General’s orders were read to him. ”It was demanded of him “what Party he inclined to join with” and that he “appear at His Majesty’s Royal Standard”. Lord Saltoun answered that “he regarded neither Mr Leith nor his orders more than a footman” and further said that “at a whistle, he could raise a hundred men and cause them to fight all there present.”

Bailie Cruickshank answered that he believed they wouldn’t see them at Fraserburgh, where they immediately went and “proclaimed the King with all the solemnity we could, which we found did oblige the most of the inhabitants of that town.”

A party from the group went in search of arms, which they found in the chamber of the Clerk’s house. They broke open the door of the chamber with “ane big hammer” and found 24 new firelocks, proof marked, and all with A.R. (Anna Regina) on them, all charged with balls and gunpowder. The arms were taken back to Peterhead and handed to George Leith for the General’s use.

Later, a party of Jacobites, led by Irvine of Crimond, captured Lord Saltoun and forced him to go south to join the Jacobite army at Perth. Fraserburgh was then occupied by a Jacobite garrison, which compelled the inhabitants to contribute towards the payment of the soldiers.

On 13th November both the Earl Marischal and James Keith fought at the Battle of Sheriffmuir near Stirling. The Earl Marischal was 22 years old, and his brother 19 at the time of the Battle. James suffered a musket ball wound in his shoulder and spent the night in agony at Castle Drummond.

James Francis Edward Stuart (King James VIII) landed at Peterhead late on the night of 22nd December 1715, suffering from seasickness and fevers after having travelled 7 days (5 or 6 days according to other sources) by sea from Dunkirk in a well-armed vessel laden with a cargo of brandy. He arrived with six other gentlemen, including James Francis Fitzjames Stuart, grandson of King James VII, and Lieutenant Allan Cameron (a son of Lochiel), whom he sent immediately to Perth with the news of their arrival.

James Stuart was 27 years old, and this was the first time he had set foot in Britain since his father was driven into exile in 1688 (when James was six months old). He had lived at the Scots Court at Saint-Germain-en-Laye near Paris under the protection of the French King Louis XIV.

At first the small boat crept along the shore and attempted to enter the River Ugie, presumably to get as near as possible to Inverugie Castle, but “the night was wet and late the tide”, so they instead landed at the old pier of Port Henry Haven. The unexpected visitors were graciously received at the harbour by the Earl Marischal’s representative – the Baron Bailie Thomas Arbuthnot.

According to contemporary accounts they were “all habited like sea-officers, and passed for friends of the Pretender, going to Perth for his Service”. The vessel was despatched back to France with the news of James’s safe arrival.

They stayed the night at what is now Park Lane, near the Longate – at the house of the Baron Bailie’s brother-in-law, Captain James Park, merchant and ship owner. Here James wrote a short letter, dated “Peterhead, December 22nd, 1715” to say “I am, at last, thank God, in my own ancient kingdom as the bearer will tell you with all the particulars of my passage. I am weary and won’t delay a moment the bearer.”

A local song which commemorated the landing of the King at Peterhead was sung for many years after this event.

“King James is land’t at Peterhead, an honour great to us indeed.The night was wet and late the tide, he couldna unto Ugie ride.He slept a night in our good town, upon a good saft bed o’ down.In the morning when he raise, the Marischal’s bailie brushed his claithes. He’s come to set auld Scotland free from cursed Hanover tyranny.”

On the morning of 23rd December King James left by horseback, past Buchanhaven and then west by the old turnpike that skirted the south bank of the Ugie, to Inverugie Castle to visit the widowed Lady Mary Keith, mother of the Earl Marischal.

He passed the next night at Newburgh before carrying on to Aberdeen, accompanied only by a handful of horsemen, in ill health and in disguise. A contemporary account reports “’Tis said the Pretender is very much indisposed since his arrival, which is imputed to the great fatigue he has suffered at sea, and otherwise of late.”

The Earl Marischal and James Keith met King James for the first time at Fetteresso on 27th December, making their way to Dundee on 6th January, James Stuart entering the town with the Earl of Mar riding at his right hand and the Marischal at his left.

On 7th January 1716, they briefly set up court at Scone and arrived at Perth on 8th January.

On 30th January, the King, along with the two Keith brothers, the Earl of Mar and other main supporters, made for Montrose, where the King sailed back to France on 4th February 1716 on the ‘Maria Teresa of St Malo’. James Stuart had been only 43 days on Scottish soil. The Earl of Mar accompanied him back to France and served as his Secretary of State until 1722.

The first picture is a contemporary (if fanciful) illustration which appeared in a news sheet at the time. Clearly drawn by someone who had never visited Peterhead, it shows James Francis Stuart’s arrival the second at Proclamation Pend in the town of Peterhead celebrates arguably one of the most most historic event in the towns history

#Scotland #scottish #peterhead #jacobites #'15 Uprising #history

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davidshawnsown · 3 years

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COMMEMORATIVE MESSAGE IN HONOR OF THE 76TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE VICTORY IN EUROPE AND THE 110TH ANNIVERSARY OF NAVAL AVIATION IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Ladies and gentlemen, to all the people of the United States of America and Canada, to all our remaining living veterans of the Second World War of 1939-1945 and of all conflicts past and present and their families, to our veterans, active servicemen and women, reservists and families of the entire United States Armed Forces and Canadian Armed Forces, and to all the uniformed military and civil security services of the Allied combatants of this conflict, to all the immediate families, relatives, children and grandchildren of the deceased veterans, fallen service personnel and wounded personnel of our military services and civil uniformed security and civil defense services, to all our workers, farmers and intellectuals, to our youth and personnel serving in youth uniformed and cadet organizations and all our athletes, coaches, judges, sports trainers and sports officials, and to all our sports fans, to all our workers of culture, music, traditional arts and the theatrical arts, radio, television, digital media and social media, cinema, heavy and light industry, agriculture, business, tourism and the press, and to all our people of the free world:

To all of you, our greetings of goodwill and peace as we mark as one people the 76th year anniversary of the victorious conclusion of the Second World War in Europe and Northern Africa and the 110th anniversary of the beginning of naval aviation in the United States of America, a day of remembrance and celebration for millions of people all over the world.

This celebration is all the more important, given that we are now at the phrase of vaccinations against the COVID-19 pandemic that claimed the lives of many of the remaining living veterans amongst the Greatest Generation of the Allied Nations, those living from the millions who fought in uniform and survived the war from service personnel of the victorious military, law enforcement and emergency services that fought in this long and painful conflict, that began on the 1st of September of 1939 and ended in this continent on this day, the 8th and 9th of May, 1945, with the historic official ceremonies of unconditional surrender in Berlin, ruined after weeks of battle that resulted in the Soviet occupation of the city, in the presence of Allied military representatives, in which Germany officially accepted the terms of surrender as formalized a month before in the Postdam Conference. Inspired thus by the memories of these the millions who fought and died in this war that affected millions around the world, we must, as a united people, in continuing the battle against this global pandemic, and helping to recover our enviroment and damaged economies, carry on the memories of these the millions who won this war against international fascism and far-right radicalism in this global war in doing our part in ending this global health crisis and its economic fallout.

This was the very same day of the termination of one of the last military operations of the war- the Soviet backed liberation of the Czechoslovak capital of Prague, as well as the American liberation of Pilsen, aided by the resistance movement there, which led to the end of Axis rule over the lands of Czechs and Slovaks, just as the treaty had been signed in Berlin formally ending hostilities in the continent.

Now that the celebrations of this happy holiday are beginning to return, with the addition of health and safety protocols against this pandemic, we once more remember these years of global war that involved millions of people and affected and changed their lives forever. These were the austere years in which millions directly and indirectly in all the combatant countries of the Allies contributed their lives and resources, material and financial, to support the men and women of the armed forces and paramilitary resistance organizations. These were the years of bloody battles, conventional and unconventional operations fought in ground, air and sea battlefields in Western and Eastern Europe and parts of Northern Africa against the vicious Axis Powers. These were the years in which millions of civilians died in concentration camps in the west and east of Europe and as victims of bombing operations and Axis reprisals, and various cities destroyed, including many cultural and educational landmarks and economic centers. These years were those of heroic acts made by those military, police, fire and emergency services in actions of valor and courage to save the dying, protect the weak, and defend our freedoms and liberties against the governments, peoples, armed forces, paramilitary organizations and law enforcement and emergency services of the Axis Powers, and their unhuman policies that targeted the political opposition, ethnic minorities and religious communities in Western and Eastern Europe and Northern Africa. These were the years of sacrifice and heroism in the battlefields of these regions of our planet, wherein for five years men and women of our military forces of the Allies fought even at the risk of their lives for the goal of achieving victory against the fascist and totalitarian aggressor and oppressor of peoples and countries. These five long years were years of resistance amongst the peoples of occuiped Europe and North Africa who suffered the most under fascism, who aided financially and materially by the governments of the Allies, helped their armed forces liberate Europe and Northern Africa from the evil occuiper thru their paramilitary resistance organizations. All in all, these heroes of the Greatest Generation,the military, paramilitary, law enforcement and emergency servicemen and women of the Allies numbering in the millions, financially assisted by their governments and with the material support from all the home front workers in the military and civil industries, together with the service personnel of the resistance organizations in Axis territories, united as one people, crushed the fascist enemies and ended the threat of tyranny over millions of people in Europe and Northern Africa,while it would take even a few months more for the war to end in the Asia-Pacific, the very theater wherein all out-war had already broken out in the late summer of 1937.

Today, we celebrate this day with remembrance and honor to the millions of military, paramilitary, law enforcement, civil defense and emergency services of the Allies and the resistance organizations in occuiped territories who perished during one of the greatest wars of human history, who sacrificed their lives to achieve victory over the dreaded Axis Powers and their plans of world domination, and the many heroes who were awarded orders and decorations for their service in the war, their valor and courage against the enemy aggresor, and their determination to win the war and crush the forces of international fascism, the memories of the latter being even now being manifest in many countries of the world today. As we today join in spirit with the happiness felt around the world 76 years ago in the conclusion of the European and northern African war that affected millions of families around the world whose members had served in uniform at the very day of the termination of combat operations in these parts of the world, we honor and remember the victories we won on countless land, sea and air battles and unconventional operations against the military, paramilitary and law enforcement forces of the Axis Powers and remember the millions of home front workers and the people of the entertainment industry who helped win the war thru their support of those fighting at the frontlines.

We cannot forget those millions who served the frontlines all through the war up to the day of its conclusion in Europe and Northern Africa, surviving the war as part of the generation of victors. Today, only a few thousand are left of that generation, majority of them having died in the years and decades following this great victory. Many of them have gone to active careers in various sectors of society, but still never forgot their contributions to the victory that we celebrate today with millions all over the world. Today, we honor all the living and deceased veterans of this war, who will always be a part of the legacy of the great victory that we celebrate today, especially those of the few living veterans who are with us in this very moment. We are forever grateful for their service and sacrifice for their countries and peoples, and are forever thankful for their immortal contributions to the victory which we celebrate today. We pledge once more to forever honor the memory of their fallen comrades in battle, glorify forever the memory of this great victory and ensure that the legacies of their service live on in our future generations. To them who are the reason we celebrate this great holiday, we today renew our pledge to forever honor the legacy they have given to the generations living in the present times – the legacy of fighting for a better world, for the freedom and independence of humanity against political represssion and ideological radicalism, for the defense of human rights, the freedom of religion, towards a sustainable enviroment and for a democratic, prosperous and united society throughout the world, the very cause which is very much important even more so today.

While Victory Day falls tomorrow for those in the former countries of the Soviet Union (except for the 3 Baltic countries) and in Israel, Serbia, Croatia, Bulgaria and Romania, as well as in the Channel Islands, most countries of the European Union, USA and Canada celebrate the holiday today with much joy, commemoration, remembrance and gratitude to these men and women who through their service and most of all by their sacrifice against evil enemies, brought forth the victory in which we honor today. Out of respect and gratitude for the liberty they fought so hard during those 5 years, 8 months and 7 days of global conflict, and in memory of those who perished during the conflict as well as of those veterans who survived the war and have been deceased in recent years, even as the rising of radical and evil ideologies in recent years have begun to fade the memories of the victory millions fought for with their lives, once more we give our greatest gratitude to the already mentioned greatest generation, that is to say, to the millions of our military, paramilitary and civil uniformed personnel of the Allied combatant nations who served during the 5-year long world war, and the hundreds of thousands who still remain living, as well as our home front veterans of the conflict, and athletes who played their sports in the midst of the war, as well as athletes and coaches who served in the uniform of the armed forces, and most of all, the millions who perished in service for their countries for the defense of our freedoms against the forces of the Axis Powers in the battlefields, concentration camps, in the cities and towns, and in any terrain, honored forever in works of art and forms of media, in monuments and documents, and most of all in the memories of the generations of today and tomorrow, including the servicemen from Easy Company of the 2nd Battalion, 506th Parachute Infantry Regt., 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 101st Airborne Division, XVII Airborne Corps, United States Army, dubbed today as the “Band of Brothers” after the book about them by the late Stephen Ambrose, the vanguard unit of the airborne forces of the United States Army in the campaigns in Normandy, the Netherlands, Belgium and Southern Germany, the men who served the US 8th Air Force, in the 2014 film “Fury” by director David Ayer recalling the bravery of Allied tank crews in the final months of this war, including those under the 2nd Armored Division, and the recent Canadian TV drama X Company about the important role played by Allied intelligence and counter-espionage units and personnel – all of these units among the hundreds of units made up of the millions who served in the armed forces, security services and intelligence agencies of all the Allied countries whose role in the great victory we honor today will never be forgotten for years to come as the cause of our eternal remembrance for the role they played in the liberation of Europe and Northern Africa from the might of the Axis Powers thru their governments and military and paramilitary organizations.

Today, together with our young people and millions all over the world, we remember that valiant victory that was won at the cost of millions of lives in Europe and northern parts of Africa, the victory over Nazi Germany and her allies that was the first stage of the great victory over the Axis Powers and the opening chapters of the victorious conclusion of the Second World War. No matter what the political and social situation may be today, we must uphold the legacy of the great victory of our ancestors against the forces of international fascism and totalitarialism all over the world, and we will forever carry on the heroic memories of the very generation that made this historic day possible! We will never forget to remember the very ideologies that were the cause of this war, and we must be forever vigilant to fight them to the very end, to forever uphold the memory of the victims of such atrocities, and to continue the struggle to a more better tomorrow for all the people of this planet!

Today, together with all the people of the United States of America, we mark as one people the 110th year anniversary of the beginning of naval aviation in the United States of America in the great city of San Diego in the state of California, long connected to the heritage and history of her armed forces. Within almost a decade since that first flight in the sands of North Carolina, and with the United States Army preparing for the formation of a full military aviation branch, the humble beginnings of this important service arm of the United States Navy, Marine Corps and Coast Guard began in the fall of 1910 under the leadership of no less by the “father of United States naval aviation”, Commander George Washington Chambers, when the first test flights were staged, and the test flights conducted later in San Diego in January 1911 by Glenn Curtiss’ firm which prepared the way for the opening of the service’s own naval air training facility in this great city, the fruits of this great effort led up to this historic day 109 years past when the two planned training biplanes to be manufactured for the Navy where officially ordered by this service from the Curtis firm, therefore officially starting the long history of naval aviation in this country. For over 110 years, United States naval, Marine Corps and Coast Guard aviators and flight crews have glorified the august name of the United States of America, her government and her people in the defense of the homeland in both World Wars, Korea, Vietnam, the Gulf Wars, Iraq and Afghanistan, alongside other actions called by the government and the Armed Forces of the United States, as well as in disaster relief operations at home and at aboard, and have seen action in the recent campaigns against the Islamic State in Yemen, Iraq and Syria. And today, these naval aviators and aircrews, aside from their duties in national defense, have also contributed in fighting the dreaded COVID-19 pandemic not just at home but also overseas.

110 years have passed since the first naval aviators of the United States began to take their flight in the midst of the beginnings of military aviation in the North American continent, and from then on they have become part of the great traditions of our nation and people. Today, we honor the memories of these heroic naval aviators of our nation, which fought in the wars of the 20th century and of today, and have served our nation with distiniction in war and peace, having been a part of our Navy, Marine Corps and Coast Guard for over many decades. Many of the great naval aces of the period served with honor and pride during the Second World War, Korea and Vietnam, both in sea, air and land battles, having helped bring honor to the United States Armed Forces and our nation. Through the decades, naval aviation in the United States has evolved and so too are its aircraft and the men and women who fly and maintain them. But these aviators and their aircrews have retained the same spirit of service to country and people and their commitment to the defense of our nation and of all the free peoples of the world. In doing so, they have helped defend our sea lanes, our oceans and seas, and helped our nation and the Armed Forces stand for our territorial and maritime integrity, as well as in defense of our interets abroad and for global freedom and independence. Indeed, today marks yet another year of existence for the naval aviation services of our fatherland, which have flown high our flag in combat operations and disaster relief at home and abroad, and have become part and parcel of our culture as a people. Indeed, they have come many times in history up there in our skies, with the best of the best naval aviators of the world. Having continued to live their patriotic and internationalist duties, first and foremost, as soldiers of our armed forces, together with all our military pesonnel of the Army , Air Force and Space Forces and the rest of their service branches, regardless of race, language, religion, ethnicity and nationality, alongside members of the National Guard Bureau, our state defense forces and naval militias, they are part of our pride and honor as members of our Armed Forces, who have been over the years the defenders of our country and her overseas interests, and who together with the Canadian Armed Forces and the other vaillant allied armed forces of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and non-NATO partners around the world, have maintained the traditions of our nationhood and independence and have over the years have become the symbolic pride and dignity of our peoples and the defender of the freedom and independence of the democratic world of today.

Ladies and gentlemen, people of the United States of America and Canada and the people of the free world:

On behalf of a grateful people of the world, today, with joy, happiness and gratitude in our hearts and minds to the very generation that won this victory 76 years ago in Europe and northern Africa, we mark as one people, together with millions all over the world, both the 76th year anniversary of the great victory won in Europe by the Allied Powers against the fascist Axis Powers, especially against Nazi Germany and the Italian Social Republic, and the 110th anniversary of the beginning of naval aviation in the United States of America!

United in thanksgiving to our Almighty God for the victory we celebrate today, we once more thank our remaining living veterans of our greatest generation for the victory we celebrate today that was made possibleby your hands, for it was because of all of them that humanity was liberated from the evilness of the Axis Powers, and because of their sacrifices and services to country and people, especially at the cost of million of lives, we celebrate today the anniversary of the great victory over Nazi Germany and the conclusion of the Second World War in much of Europe and northern Africa. In particular, we remmeber the millions of military and civilian war dead, most especially those who died under captivity in Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, and the military war dead of the victorious Allied Powers. In addition, we today remember all those serving today as officers, warrant officers, and servicemen and women in the mililitary, paramilitary, law enforcement, civil defense and emergency organizations of the victorious nations of the Allied Powers, both active and reserve, including all the naval aviators of the United States celebrating their anniversary today, and to all the veterans of these organizations, in particular, to all those of current conflicts. Also, in light of the current COVID-19 pandemic, I take this opportunity to express gratitude also to all our medical and healthcare workers and professionals, as well as all those in the manufacture of vacciness and critical much-needed medical equipment, supplies and uniforms, and all our essential economic workers for their support and service for millions all over the world in one of the greatest crises of our times. No matter what the circumstances, nor the political and social uncertainties we are facing today, united as one people, in carrying on the legacy of the victorious generation, we will overcome all difficulties and face onwards on the road towards a brighter future for our people and for all of humankind!

To our young people of today, it is in your hands that the legacy of the heroes of the greatest generation has been entrusted. As you live for the sake of your families, friends, communities and countries, carry on the heroic traditions of the Greatest Generation and forge onwards to a better and more prosperous society and civilization!

Today, as we mark these great days in our history, may we never regret to recall the heroic deeds of our predecessors who fought in this war and of all our past naval aviators who flew throughout all these years for the sake of the freedom and independence not just of the United States of America and Canada, but the independence and sovereignty of all of the free world. May we as one people never tire of honoring the memory of our heroic forebears and always work hard to be worthy of their sacrifices, most of all, for the sake of our present and for the future of our world. And as we move towards tomorrow, we, the generations born after this great war, will do our best to build a world that will surely be of peace, prosperity and progress, with its nature and history preserved and our future generations ready to live in the spirit and shadow of these great heroes of the war years, who perished for the sake of the world of our future!

And in conclusion, may we who honor the millions who died during this war and the memory of the millions of Allied soldiers, sailors, marines and airmen, policemen, firefighters and home front workers who perished for our generation and for our children may have the courage to continue to honor their service and the role they played in the victory in which we honor and celebrate today and in the 109 years since the start of naval aviation in the United States, and may we who will keep these sacred and memorable days with respect and reverence especially for those who went before us and always be ready to stand worthy of our great heroes of the past, and to help win a world for our tomorrow that is peaceful, prosperous, clean and with a bright future for our children – a world that is worth defending and worth fighting for!

And as the men of Easy will always say: WE STAND ALONE TOGETHER!

ETERNAL GLORY TO THE FALLEN AND THE HEROES AND VETERANS OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR IN EUROPE FROM 1939-1945!

ETERNAL GLORY TO ALL THOSE WHO GAVE THE ULTIMATE SACRIFICE FOR THE FREEDOM AND INDEPENDENCE OF OUR WORLD AGAINST FASCISM, NAZISM AND IMPERIALISM IN THE FIELDS OF BATTLE, THE CONCENTRATION CAMPS, AND IN THE HOME FRONT!

LONG LIVE THE VICTORIOUS ALLIES OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR IN EUROPE, THE MEDITERRANEAN, THE ATLANTIC AND IN NORTHERN AFRICA!

LONG LIVE THE EVER-VICTORIOUS PEOPLE OF THE FREE WORLD AND ALL OUR SERVING ACTIVE AND RESERVE SERVICEMEN AND WOMEN AND VETERANS OF THE ARMED SERVICES OF ALL THE COMBATANT ALLIED COUNTRIES THAT HELPED WIN THIS GREAT WAR AGAINST FASCISM AND NAZISM, AS WELL AS ALL OUR ACTIVE AND RESERVE SERVICE PERSONNEL, CIVILIAN EMPLOYEES AND VETERANS OF THE POLICE, FIREFIGHTING, FORESTRY, BORDER CONTROL, CUSTOMS, EMERGENCY AND RESCUE SERVICES!

GLORY TO THE HEROES, FALLEN AND VETERANS OF UNITED STATES NAVAL AVIATION AND TO THE GLORIOUS ACHIEVEMENTS IT MADE TO THE NATION IT HAS ALWAYS SWORN TO DEFEND!

LONG LIVE THE ACTIVE AND RESERVE SERVICEMEN AND WOMEN AND VETERANS OF THE NAVAL AVIATION SERVICES OF THE UNITED STATES NAVY, UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS AND THE UNITED STATES COAST GUARD!

LONG LIVE THE GLORIOUS 76TH YEAR ANNIVERSARY OF THE END OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR IN EUROPE AND NORTHERN AFRICA AND THE GREAT VICTORY OVER THE FORCES OF FASCISM!

LONG LIVE THE GLORIOUS 110TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FORMATION OF NAVAL AVIATION IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA!

GLORY TO THE VICTORIOUS PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND CANADA AND HER UNIFORMED SERVICES!

GLORY TO THE ARMED FORCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND CANADA, DEFENDERS OF OUR FREEDOM AND LIBERTY AND GUARANTEE OF A FUTURE WORTHY OF OUR GENERATIONS TO COME!

And to the entire HBO War Fandom, especially the fans of Band of Brothers, who will celebrate for all time this day of victory over Nazi Germany:

LONG LIVE EASY COMPANY, 2ND BATTALION, 506TH PARACHUTE INFANTRY REGIMENT, 4TH BRIGADE COMBAT TEAM AND NOW 3RD BRIGADE COMBAT TEAM, 101ST AIRBORNE DIVISION (AIR ASSAULT), XVIII AIRBORNE CORPS, UNITED STATES ARMY… THE “BAND OF BROTHERS”!

CURRAHEE! AIR ASSAULT! ARMY STRONG!

A HAPPY VICTORY IN EUROPE DAY AND HAPPY 110TH BIRTHDAY TO NAVAL AVIATION IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA!

HOOOAH! HOOYAH!

2300h, May 8, 2021, the 245th year of the United States of America, the 246th year of the United States Army, Navy and Marine Corps, the 127th of the International Olympic Committee, the 124th of the Olympic Games, the 103rd since the conclusion of the First World War, the 82nd of the beginning of the Second World War in Europe, the 80th since the beginning of the Second World War in the Eastern Front and in the Pacific Theater, the 76th since the battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa and the victories in Europe and the Pacific, the 74th of the United States Armed Forces and the 54th of the modern Canadian Armed Forces.

Semper Fortis

JOHN EMMANUEL RAMOS-HENDERSON

Makati City, PH

(Requiem for a Soldier) (Honor by Hans Zimmer)

(Slavsya from Mikhail Glinka’s A Life for the Tsar)

(Victory Day by Lev Leshenko)

(Last Post) (Taps) (Rendering Honors)

#hbo war #hbo war fandom #easy company #masters of the sky #band of brothers #victory day #den pobedy #veday #ve day #victory in europe day #veday76 #v-e day

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rabbitcruiser · 4 years

Photo

(Near) 8th Avenue, Manhattan (No. 4)

52nd Street is a 1.9-mile (3.1 km) long one-way street traveling west to east across Midtown Manhattan, New York City. A short section of it was known as the city's center of jazz performance from the 1930s to the 1950s.

Following the repeal of Prohibition in 1933, 52nd Street replaced 133rd street as "Swing Street" of the city. The blocks of 52nd Street between Fifth Avenue and Seventh Avenue became renowned for the abundance of jazz clubs and lively street life. The street was convenient to musicians playing on Broadway and the 'legitimate' nightclubs and was also the site of a CBS studio. Musicians who played for others in the early evening played for themselves on 52nd Street.

In its heyday from 1930 through the early 1950s, 52nd Street clubs hosted such jazz legends as Miles Davis, Harry Gibson, Dizzy Gillespie, Billie Holiday, Nat Jaffe, Marian McPartland, Thelonious Monk, Charlie Parker, Louis Prima, Art Tatum, Fats Waller, Trummy Young, and many more. Although musicians from all schools performed there, after Minton's Playhouse in uptown Harlem, 52nd Street was the second most important place for the dissemination of bebop;. In fact, a tune called "52nd Street Theme" by Thelonious Monk became a bebop anthem and jazz standard.

Noted jazz disc jockey Symphony Sid frequently did live broadcasts from the street, making it well-known across the country.

By the late 1940s the jazz scene began moving elsewhere around the city and urban renewal began to take hold of the street. By the 1960s, most of the legendary clubs were razed or fell into disrepair. The last jazz club there closed in 1968, though one remains as a restaurant. Today, the street is full of banks, shops, and department stores and shows little trace of its jazz history. The block from 5th to 6th Avenues is formally co-named "Swing Street" and one block west is called "W. C. Handys Place".

The 21 Club is the sole surviving club on 52nd Street that also existed during the 1940s. The venue for the original Birdland at 1674 Broadway (between 52nd & 53rd), which came into existence in 1949, is now a "gentlemen's club." The current Birdland is on 44th Street, between 8th and 9th Avenues.

Source: Wikipedia

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victorianwhitechapel · 5 years

Text

Pinchin Street torso

Birth date: (1849~1859) Killed and found (age): Ca. September 8th 1889, September 10th 1889 (30~40)

Complexion: Dark Eyes colour: ? Hair colour: Brown dark Height: 5’3” (160 cm) Occupation: Factory worker, prostitute

Clothes at the time of murder/discovery: Old chemise ?

Resting place: East London Cemetery, Grange park, Plaistow, Essex.

***

On Wednesday 10 September 1889, at 5:15am, Police Constable William Pennett found the headless and legless torso of an unidentified woman under a railway arch at Pinchin Street, Whitechapel. The body, heavily decomposed, was covered by an old chemise that was 37in. in length, common material, and stitched, but certainly not by an experienced needlewoman. It had evidently been home-made by a poor person.

Immediately, the PC summoned assistance and when Inspector Charles Pinhorn, H Division, arrived shortly after 5:30am two constables were already there.

As an instance of the organisation of the police in the district since the recent Whitechapel murders, a special telegraphic signal had been arranged by which the fact of such a crime as the present one could be promptly conveyed to other police-stations. Shortly before six o'clock on Tuesday morning Scotland-yard received this message: "Whitechapel again"; and in the space of a few minutes they were able to telegraph all over the metropolitan police district the following message: "At 5.40 a.m. trunk of a woman found under the arches in Pinchin-street, E. Age about 40. Height, 5 ft. 3 in.; hair dark brown. No clothing, except chemise very much torn and bloodstained. Both elbows discoloured, as if from habitual leaning on them. Post-mortem marks around waist, apparently caused by a rope." Immediately upon the circulation of this telegram, the Thames Police, under Detective-Inspector Regan, and Chief-Inspector Henry Moore, displayed the utmost vigilance. Assisted by Sergeants Moore, Francis, Howard, Davis, and Scott, these officers at once got their various craft on the river and boarded all the vessels at the mouth of the Thames and in the Docks. The operation of searching these vessels had not concluded until a late hour in the evening, and so far as the investigation had gone the captains of the various vessels were able to give satisfactory accounts as to their crews.

A little before 6:00 am, Doctor Percy John Clark (or Clarke) was summoned. In this presence, the body was lifted on to an ambulance and taken to the St. George's mortuary by constables. He there re-examined the body: it was “that of a woman of stoutish build, dark complexion, about 5ft. 3in. in height, and between 30 and 40 years of age”. Both legs had been skilfully separated, and none of the abdominal organs were missing. He also thought that “the body had been dead at least 24 hours” but could had also been taken place some four days previously. Doctor George Bagster Phillips, the Divisional Surgeon, first examined the body at 6:00am the day the remains were found.

In the meantime communications, giving full particulars, were sent to Scotland-yard, and the Chief Commissioner James Monro, the Chief Constable of the district Colonel Bolton James Alfred Monsell, Superintendent Donald Sutherland Swanson, Detective Inspector Miller, Superintendent Thomas Arnold of the H Division, and local Inspector Edmund John James Reid all visited the scene of the discovery and made inquiries as to the matter. Later investigations by Sergeants William Thick and Stephen White along with Sergeant George Godley came across some bloodstained clothing in Batty Street (just off Commercial Street in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets), but little or nothing was made of it.

Later in the day Detective Inspector John Bennett Tonbridge, who had charge of Elizabeth Jackson’s case a short time ago, went to the mortuary and saw the remains. Mr. Clarke, the City Police surgeon Dr. Gordon Brown, and two other medical gentlemen who have had experience in previous cases of this nature shortly after made a more careful examination of the remains. It was noticed that the trunk displayed green patches; the flesh otherwise was white. The doctors, from their investigations, concluded that the cuts and wounds had been inflicted in a left-hand manner. The cut severing the head from the body was skilfully done, there being no hacking or clumsy dissection noticeable. Furthermore, a saw had been used to sever the bones in such a way as to leave no doubt that the person responsible for the dismemberment possessed a good knowledge of anatomy. There were no signs about the hands which would indicate that the woman had been used to hard work, and so far as could be seen there had been no attempt to obliterate a mark on one of the fingers, apparently caused by a ring. It was believed from certain indications that the deceased had never been a mother, but she might have been pregnant. The body was well-nourished and cared for.

In consequence of the similarity of the mode of dismemberment pursued in this case and those of the recent Elizabeth Jackson and Rainham mysteries; the officers engaged in those cases were consulted, and their general opinion was that the resemblance in the cases were very remarkable.

The next morning, Friday 11 September 1889, Dr. Phillips further examined the body in the presence of Dr. Brown and Dr. Charles A. Hibberd (or Hebbert). Dr Phillips was particularly reticent, even to the police authorities, as to the precise result of his examination of the trunk, but it was stated that the cause of death had not yet been thoroughly established. Both Dr Clark, Dr Phillips assistant, and Dr. Hibberd gave the height of the Pinchin victim as 5ft 3in (160 cm).

Three men were arrested, including Michael Keating and Richard Hawke, who were found sleeping under nearby arches. They were later cleared of the crime.

The estimated date of death was given as September 8, 1889, the one-year anniversary of Annie Chapman's murder; a fact which did not escape Chief Commissioner Monro's seven page report that was forwarded to the Home Office. Monro then went on to explain that, "...This street is close to Berner Street which was the scene of one of the previous Whitechapel murders [that of Elizabeth Stride]. It is not a very narrow street, but is lonely at night, & is patrolled every half hour by a constable on beat. The arch where the body was found abuts on the pavement. The constable discovered the body some what after 20 minutes past five on the morning of Tuesday [10th September 1889]...He is positive that when he passed the spot about five the body was not there...It may therefore be assumed that the body was placed where it was found some time between 5 & 5.30 am...Although the body was placed in the arch on Tuesday morning, the murder - (and although there is not yet before me proof of the cause of death, I assume that there has been a murder) was not committed there nor then. There was almost no blood in the arch, and the state of the body itself showed that death took place about 36 hours or more previously. This, then enables me to say that the woman was made away with probably on Sunday night, the 8th September. This was the date on which one of the previous Whitechapel murders [that of Annie Chapman] was committed ...". Monro entered into a detailed comparison of this murder with the previous Whitechapel atrocities in the case of the Pinchin Street victim, there was nothing to show that death was caused by the throat having been cut., in this latest case there was no mutilation "other than dismemberment". Previous victims had suffered evisceration, but the Pinchin Street victim most certainly hadn't. In several of the previous cases there had been removal of certain parts of the body, whereas with the Pinchin Street victim "There is no removal of any portion of the organs of generation or intestines..." . The killing of the Pinchin Street victim had may committed indoors, "...probably in the lodging of the murderer...", Monro went on to stress that "...there is no sign of frenzied mutilation of the body [as in Mary Jane Kelly's case, also committed indoors], but of deliberate & skilful dismemberment with a view to removal...". Monro then went on to point out that "These are all very striking departures from the practice of the Whitechapel murderer, and if the body had been found elsewhere that in Whitechapel the supposition that death had been caused by the Ripper would probably not have been entertained..." In conclusion, Monro stated that, " I am inclined to the belief that, taking one thing with another, this is not the work of the Whitechapel murderer...".

An interesting extract from the London edition of the ‘New York Herald' claimed that a man named John Cleary informed the night editor on the night of September 7 that there was a murder in Back Church Lane (from which runs Pinchin Street). Later, a statement was taken from a John Arnold, a newsvendor of Charing Cross, saying he was John Cleary. He continued to say that after leaving the King Lud pub, he had been told by a soldier in Fleet Street, "Hurry up with your papers. Another horrible murder in Backchurch Lane." He then went to the Herald to share his findings. The soldier he described as between 35 and 36 years of age, 5ft 6ins, fair complexion and moustache, and he carried a parcel. No one by this description was ever taken into custody concerning the murder.

Several names soon arose in the press as the identity of the woman, but they found later being alive and the identity of the body was never identified.

On Wednesday morning September 11th 1889, the Inquest was opened at the St. George's Vestry Hall, Cable-street, St-George's-in-the-East, Mr. Wynne Edwin Baxter opened the inquiry. Detective-Inspector Reid and Inspector Moore, of the Criminal Investigation Department, watched the case on behalf of the Chief Commissioner of Police.

The ‘Northern Daily Telegraph', on Monday, September 16th, 1889, published: “What may prove an important discovery in connection with the recent murder in Whitechapel was made on Saturday night. A fireman named Etherden was standing on a floating fire-station near Charing Cross, when he noticed something floating by. On reaching, he found that it was a brown paper parcel, which contained a chemise covered with blood. The parcel was handed over to the police at Scotland Yard...”.

The second and last day of the Inquest was Tuesday, September 24th, 1889. The jury at once returned the now familiar verdict of "Wilful murder against some person or persons unknown."

On 5th October 1889 the remains were laid to rest in the East London Cemetery, Grange park, Plaistow, Essex, in the public grave no. 16185 – 45 square, received from the St. George Mortuary. The remains were sealed in a tin container and preserved in spirits. The tin container was then enclosed in a black wooden box. The metal plate that adorned the case in which they were interred carried the simple inscription, "This case contains the body of a woman (unknown) found in Pinchin Street St Georges-in-the-East 10th Septr./89". This public grave had later been re-used and is not longer extant.

***

TO KNOW MORE:

Wikipedia

Casebook website – Casebook forums – Casebook press report – Inquest (from Casebook)

JTR Forums – JTR Forums – possible identity

Jack The Ripper 1888

The Jack the Ripper Tour

The Jack the Ripper Walk

Jack The Ripper Tour - Murder morning in Whitechapel – Jack the Ripper Tour - Is there a Murder gang? – Jack the Ripper Tour - The Whitechapel Murderer: A Discovery

Whitechapel Jack

BEGG, Paul (2013): Jack The Ripper. The Facts.

BEGG, Paul; FIDO, Martin & SKINNER, Keith (1996): The Jack The Ripper A – Z.

BELL, Neil R. A. (2014): Capturing Jack the Ripper: In the Boots if a Bobby in Victorian England.

CLAK, Robert (2015): The Pinchin Street Torso, in Ripperologist NUM 143, April.

EDDLESTON, John J. (2001): Jack the Ripper: An Encyclopedia.

EVANS, Stewart P. & RUMBELOW, Donald (2006). Jack the Ripper: Scotland Yard Investigates.

GORDON, R. Michael (2015): The Thames Torso Murders of Victorian London.

MACNAGHTEN, Sir Melville L. (1914): Days of My Years.

SKINNER Keith & EVANS, Stewart (2013). The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook.

TROW, Meirion James (2011): The Thames Torso Murders.

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dudebrosunited1 · 5 years

Text

What You Should Know About the Wall (1962 GDR brochure)

Newspapers, radio and television report daily about Berlin and West Berlin in many languages throughout the world. They often speak or write of a state frontier, or of a wall.

It may be very difficult for you to form a valid picture from all these reports which frequently contradict each other. We want to help you to do so.

We tried to imagine what would be the considerations of a citizen of a foreign state if he wanted to gain clarity about the problems in West Berlin. And we would like to reply to these considerations.

1st CONSIDERATION. Where, exactly, is Berlin situated?

A glance at the map suffices: Berlin lies in the middle of the German Democratic Republic, exactly 180 kilometres (112.5 miles) to the east of its western frontier. A quite normal locality for the capital of a state. Only one thing is not normal at all: that a hostile, undermining policy and disruptive acts have for years been carried on from the western part of this city against the surrounding state territory. West Berlin Mayor Willi Brandt called West Berlin a “thorn in the side of the GDR.” Would you like to have a thorn in your side? We don’t either! But Brandt even proclaims quite frankly: “We want to be the disturber of the peace.”

2nd CONSIDERATION. Did the wall fall out of the sky?

No. It was the result of developments of many years standing in West Germany and West Berlin. Let us recall preceding events: In 1948 a separate currency reform was introduced in West Germany and West Berlin - the West German reactionaries thereby split Germany and even west Berlin in to two currency areas.

The West German separatist state was founded in 1949 - Bonn thereby turned the zonal border into a state frontier.

In 1954 West Germany was included in NATO - Bonn thereby converted the state frontier into the front-line between two pact systems.

The decision on the atomic armament of the West German Bundeswehr was made in 1958 - thus, Bonn continues to aggravate the situation in Germany and Berlin. Repeatedly the annexation of the GDR is proclaimed as the official aim of Bonn policy, most recently in a statement of the Adenauer Christian Democratic Union (CDU), on 11 July 1961.

Thus did the anti-national, aggressive NATO policy create the wall which today separates the two German states and also goes through the middle of Berlin. The Bonn government and the West Berlin Senate have systematically converted West Berlin into a centre of provocation from where 90 espionage organizations, the RIAS American broadcasting station in West Berlin (Radio in American Sector) and revanchist associations organize acts of sabotage against the GDR and the other socialist countries. Through our protective measures of 13 August 1961 we have only safeguarded and strengthened that frontier which was already drawn years ago and made into a dangerous front-line by the people in Bonn and West Berlin. How high and how strongly fortified a frontier must be, depends, as is common knowledge, on the kind of relations existing between the states of each side of the frontier.

3rd CONSIDERATION. Did the wall have to come?

Yes and no. We have submitted more than one hundred proposals for understanding, on the renunciation of atomic armament, and on the withdrawal of the two German states from NATO or the Warsaw Treaty. If things had gone according to our proposals the situation in Germany would not have been aggravated and, consequently, there would have been no wall. Especially since 1958 the GDR and the Soviet Union have repeatedly told the West Berlin Senate, the Bonn government, and the western powers: Be reasonable! Let us eliminate the abnormal situation in West Berlin together. Let us start negotiations. Why did Bonn and West Berlin reject these proposals? Why did they, instead, step up agitation to an unprecedented degree before 13 August? - The wall had to come because they were bringing about the danger of a conflict. Those who do not want to hear, must feel.

4th CONSIDERATION. What did the wall prevent?

We no longer wanted to stand by passively and see how doctors, engineers, and skilled workers were induced by refined methods unworthy of the dignity of man to give up their secure existence in the GDR and work in West Germany or West Berlin. These and other manipulations cost the GDR annual losses amounting to 3.5 thousand million marks.

But we prevented something much more important with the wall - West Berlin’s becoming the starting point for a military conflict. The measures we introduced in 13 August in conjunction with the Warsaw Treaty states have cooled off a number of hotheads in Bonn and West Berlin. For the first time in German history the match which was to set fire to another war was extinguished before it had fulfilled its purpose.

5th CONSIDERATION. Was peace really threatened?

Indian journalists R. K. Karanjia shall give you the answer to the question. He published a sensational report from Berlin in the biggest Indian weekly, Blitz in which the world public is warned against the West Berlin powder-keg. K. R. Karanjia wrote:

“It (the protective wall of the GDR) served the cause of world peace since it halted the advance of the German neo-Hitlerites toward the East, forced the world to recognize the reality of the division of Germany and thus supports negotiation.” (retranslated from German)

If further evidence of the aggressive intentions of the West German government is needed it is provided by the authoritative West German employers’ newspaper, the Industriekurier, which regretfully wrote, exactly 19 days after 13 August 1961: “A reunification with the Bundeswehr marching victoriously through the Brandenburg Gate to the beating of drums - such a reunification will not take place in the foreseeable future.”

Bonn heads were really haunted by ideas of such a victorious entry. That would have meant war.

6th CONSIDERATION. Who is walled in?

According to the exceedingly intelligent explanations of the West Berlin Senate we have walled ourselves in and are living in a concentration camp. But in that case why are the gentlemen so excited? Obviously, because in reality their espionage centres, their revanchist radio stations, their fascist soldiers’ associations, their youth poisoners, and their currency racketeers have been walled in. They are excited because we have erected the wall as an antifascist, protective wall against them.

Does something not occur to you? West Berlin Mayor Brandt wails that half of the GDR, including the workers in the enterprise militia groups, is armed. What do you think of a concentration camp whose inmates have weapons in their hands?

7th CONSIDERATION. Who breaks off human contacts?

Of course, it is bitter for many Berliners not to be able to visit each other at present. But it would be more bitter if a new war were to separate them for ever. Moreover, when the GDR was forced to introduce compulsory entry permits for West Berlin citizens on 23 August in the interests of its security we at the same time offered to open up entry permit offices in municipal railway stations in West Berlin. In fact we opened them and issued the first permits. Who closed them by force? The same Senate of that Mr. Brandt who is today shedding crocodile tears about “contacts being broken”! The GDR has maintained its offer. If we had our way Berliners could visit each other despite the wall.

8th CONSIDERATION. Does the wall threaten anyone?

Bonn propaganda describes the wall as a “monstrous evidence of the aggressiveness of world communism.” Have you ever considered it to be a sign of aggressiveness when someone builds a fence around his property?

9th CONSIDERATION. Who is aggravating the situation?

The wall? It stands there quite calmly. Former French Premier Reynaud said already on 19 August 1961, according to UPI: “The sealing-off measures of the East Berlin government did not increase, but lessened, the danger of a third world war.” In reality, the situation is being aggravated by persons who play at being the strong man on our state frontier, who are turning West Berlin into a NATO base and daily inciting West Berliners against the GDR. Municipal railway cars are being destroyed, frontier guards attacked and brutally shot, tunnels dug for agents and bomb attacks made on the GDR’s frontier security installations. Does that serve relaxation? One must really ask why attacks on the GDR state frontier in West Berlin are not subject to court prosecution as in other states. The Brandt Senate even presents “its respects” to the provocateurs.

10th CONSIDERATION. Is the wall a gymnastic apparatus?

The wall is the state frontier of the German Democratic Republic. The state frontier of a sovereign state must be respected. That is so the world over. He who does not treat it with respect cannot complain if he comes to harm. West German and West Berlin politicians demand that “the wall be removed.” We are not particularly fond of walls, either. But please consider where the actual wall runs in Germany, the wall which must be pulled down in your and our interest. It is the wall which was erected because of the fateful Bonn NATO policy. On the stones of this wall stand atomic armament, entry into NATO, revanchist demands, anti-communist incitement, non-recognition of the GDR, rejection of negotiations, the front-line city of West Berlin.

So, make your contribution to the pulling down of this wall by advocating a reasonable policy of military neutrality, peaceful co-existence, normal relations between the two German states, the conclusion of a peace treaty with Germany, a demilitarized Free City of West Berlin. That is the only way to improve the situation in Berlin, to safeguard peace, a way which can, one day also lead to the reunification of Germany. The wall says to the war-mongers:

He who lives on an island should not make an enemy of the ocean.

Decide in favour of the recognition of realities. Don’t join in the row over the wall. Perhaps YOU don’t want socialism. That is your affair.

But should we not come to an agreement jointly to refrain from doing anything that leads to war and do everything that serves peace?

#socialism #gdr #great stuff

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drapeau-rouge · 6 years

Photo

Wounds Dr. Norman Bethune

The kerosene lamp overhead makes a steady buzzing sound like an incandescent hive of bees. Mud walls. Mud floor. Mud bed. White paper windows. Smell of blood and chloroform. Cold. Three o'clock in the morning, December 1, North China, near Lin Chu, with the 8th Route Army. Men with wounds. Wounds like little dried pools, caked with blackbrown earth; wounds with torn edges frilled with black gangrene; neat wounds, concealing beneath the abscess in their depths, burrowing into and around the great firm muscles like a dammed-back river, running around and between the muscles like a hot stream; wounds, expanding outward, decaying orchids or crushed carnations, terrible flowers of flesh; wounds from which the dark blood is spewed out in clots, mixed with the ominous gas bubbles, floating on the fresh flood of the still-continuing secondary haemorrhage.

Old filthy bandages stuck to the skin with blood-glue. Careful. Belief moisten first. Through the thigh. Pick the leg up. Why it's like a bag, a long, loose red stocking. What kind of stocking? A Christmas stocking. Where's that find strong rod of bone now? In a dozen pieces. Pick them out with your fingers; white as a dog's teeth, sharp and jagged. Now feel. Any more left? Yes, here. All? Yes; no, here's another piece. Is this muscle dead? Pinch it. Yes, it's dead, Cut it out. How can that heal? How can those muscles, once so strong, now so torn, so devastated, so ruined, resume their proud tension? Pull, relax. Pull, relax. What fun it was! Now that is finished. Now that's done. Now we are destroyed. Now what will we do with ourselves?

Next. What an infant! Seventeen. Shot through the belly. Chloroform. Ready? Gas rushes out of the opened peritoneal cavity. Odour of feces. Pink coils of distended intestine. Four perforations. Close them. Purse string suture. Sponge out the pelvis. Tube. Three tubes. Hard to close. Keep him warm. How? Dip those bricks into hot water.

Gangrene is a cunning, creeping fellow. Is this one alive? Yes, he lives. Technically speaking, he is alive. Give him saline intravenously. Perhaps the innumerable tiny cells of his body will remember. They may remember the hot salty sea, their ancestral home, their first food. With the memory of a million years, they may remember other tides, other oceans, and life being born of the sea and sun. It may make them raise their tired little heads, drink deep and struggle back into life again. It may do that.

And this one. Will he run along the road beside his mule at another harvest, with cries of pleasure and happiness? No, that one will never run again. How can you run with one leg? What will he do? Why, he'll sit and watch the other boys run. What will he think? He'll think what you and I would think. What's the good of pity? Don't pity him! Pity would diminish his sacrifice. He did this for the defence of China. Help him. Lift him off the table. Carry him in your arms. Why, he's as light as a child! Yes, your child, my child.

How beautiful the body is: how perfect its pads; with what precision it moves; how obedient, proud and strong. How terrible when torn. The little flame of life sinks lower and lower, and with a flicker, goes out. It goes out like a candle goes out. Quietly and gently. It makes its protest at extinction, then submits. It has its day, then is silent.

Any more? Four Japanese prisoners. Bring them in. In this community of pain, there are no enemies. Cut away that blood-stained uniform. Stop that haemorrhage. Lay them beside the others. Why, they're alike as brothers! Are these soldiers professional man-killers? No, these are amateurs-in-arms. Workman's hands. These are workers-in-uniform.

No more. Six o'clock in the morning. God, it's cold in this room. Open the door. Over the distant, dark-blue mountains, a pale, faint line of light appears in the east. In an hour the sun will be up. To bed and sleep.

But sleep will not come. What is the cause of this cruelty, this stupidity? A million workmen come from Japan to kill or mutilate a million Chinese workmen. Why should the Japanese worker attack his brother worker, who is forced merely to defend himself. Will the Japanese worker benefit by the death of the Chinese? No, how can he gain? Then, in God's name, who will gain? Who is responsible for sending these Japanese workmen on this murderous mission? Who will profit from it? How was it possible to persuade the Japanese workmen to attack the Chinese Workman -- his brother in poverty; his companion in misery?

Is it possible that a few rich men, a small class of men, have persuaded a million men to attack, and attempt to destroy, another million men as poor as they? So that these rich may be richer still? Terrible thought! How did they persuade these poor men to come to China? By telling them the truth? No, they would never have come if they had known the truth, Did they dare to tell these workmen that the rich only wanted cheaper raw materials, more markets and more profit? No, they told them that this brutal war was "The Destiny of the Race," it was for the "Glory of the Emperor," it was for the "Honour of the State," it was for their "King and Country."

False. False as hell!

The agents of a criminal war of aggression, such as this, must be looked for like the agents of other crimes, such as murder, among those who are likely to benefit from those crimes. Will the 80,000,000 workers of Japan, the poor farmers, the unemployed industrial workers -- will they gain? In the entire history of the wars of aggression, from the conquest of Mexico by Spain, the capture of India by England, the rape of Ethiopia by Italy, have the workers of those "victorious" countries ever been known to benefit? No, these never benefit by such wars. Does the Japanese workman benefit by the natural resources of even his own country, by the gold, the silver, the iron, the coal, the oil? Long ago he ceased to possess that natural wealth. It belongs to the rich, the ruling class. The millions who work those mines live in poverty. So how is he likely to benefit by the armed robbery of the gold, silver, iron, coal and oil from China? Will not the rich owners of the one retain for their own profit the wealth of the other? Have they not always done so?

It would seem inescapable that the militarists and the capitalists of Japan are the only class likely to gain by this mass murder, this authorized madness, this sanctified butchery. That ruling class, the true state, stands accused.

Are wars of aggression, wars for the conquest of colonies, then, just big business? Yes, it would seem so, however much the perpetrators of such national crimes seek to hide their true purpose under banners of high-sounding abstractions and ideals. They make war to capture markets by murder; raw materials by rape. They find it cheaper to steal than to exchange; easier to butcher than to buy. This is the secret of war. This is the secret of all wars. Profit. Business. Profit. Blood money.

Behind all stands that terrible, implacable God of Business and Blood, whose name is Profit. Money, like an insatiable Moloch, demands its interest, its return, and will stop at nothing, not even the murder of millions, to satisfy its greed. Behind the army stand the militarists. Behind the militarists stand finance capital and the capitalist. Brothers in blood; companions in crime.

What do these enemies of the human race look like? Do they wear on their foreheads a sign so that they may be told, shunned and condemned as criminals? No. On the contrary. they are the respectable ones. They are honoured. They call themselves, and are called, gentlemen. What a travesty on the name, Gentlemen! They are the pillars of the state, of the church, of society. They support private and public charity out of the excess of their wealth. they endow institutions. In their private lives they are kind and considerate. they obey the law, their law, the law of property. But there is one sign by which these gentle gunmen can be told. Threaten a reduction on the profit of their money and the beast in them awakes with a snarl. They become ruthless as savages, brutal as madmen, remorseless as executioners. Such men as these must perish if the human race is to continue. There can be no permanent peace in the world while they live. Such an organization of human society as permits them to exist must be abolished.

These men make the wounds.

1939

#Dr Norman Bethune #Norman Bethune #Communist Party of Canada #Socialist #Anti-fascist #Spanish Civil War #Imperialism #Anti-fascism #Communist #Communism #Socialism #Bethune

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for-dramas-sake · 2 years

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One my favorite moments from Gentlemen of East 8th.

These grown ass men are spying on a woman in the supermarket like they’re kids. I love it. And then there’s Guo Chong who is probably the most sensible out of all of them but also the most clueless. He just doesn’t get it that they’re supposed to hide! Haha!

#gentlemen of east 8th #zhang han #cdrama #chinese drama #东八区的先生们

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b-sidemusic · 7 years

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GIG LISTINGS: 28TH SEPTEMBER-12TH OCTOBER 2017

Every Thursday we bring you all the exciting stuff happening around East Anglia (that we're aware of) for the next two weeks. To submit your news and listings, click

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bookofjin · 3 years

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Rise of Sixteen States: 301

Li Te declares himself Great General who Garrisons the North.

Elsewhere around this time, Zhang Gui is appointed Inspector of Liangzhou while Liu Yuan gets a new job.

26 January 301 – 13 February 302

(Jin's 1st Year of Yongning)

1st Year of Yongning, Spring, 1st Month, yichou [3 February], the King of Zhao, Lun, usurped the throne.

3rd Month [26 March – 24 April], the General who Pacifies the East, the King of Qi, Jiong, rose with troops to thereby punish Lun, transmitting a call to arms to the provinces and commanderies, and garrisoning at Yandi.

The Great General who Conquers the North, the King of Chengdu, Ying; the Great General who Conquers the West, the King of Hejian, Yong; the King of Changshan, Ai; the Inspector of Yu province, Li Yi; the Inspector of Yan province, Wang Yan; the Commander of the Palace Gentlemen of the South, the Duke of Xinye, Xin; all rose with troops to obey him.

Summer, 4th Month, guihai [1 June], executed the King of Zhao, Lun and others of Lun's faction.

(Li Te)

1st Year of Yongning, Spring, 1st Month [26 January – 24 February], Zhao Xin feared the Imperial Court would chastise him. He dispatched the Senior Clerk Fei Yuan, the Grand Warden of Qianwei, Li Bi and the Controller-Protector Chang Jun to supervise more than ten thousand people to block the northern road, staying at Shiting in Mianzhu. Te covertly collected and gathered, and obtained more than 7 000 people (HYGZ08: more than 700 people). At night he assaulted Yuan's army. Yuan's army's greatly dispersed. Following that, he let lose fire and burnt them, the dead were eight or nine out of ten.

He advanced to attack Chengdu. Xin heard the troops had arrived, he was frightened and afraid and did not know what to do. The Palace Gentleman Chang Mei together Fei Yuan, Li, Bi, Zhang Zheng and others at night cut the gate bar, fled and set out. The civil and military officials altogether scattered. Xin on his own, together with his wife and children, sailed a small boat along the river until Guangdu, and was killed by his subordinate Zhu Zhu.

Xin, courtesy name Heshu, was originally a native of Anhan in Baxi. In his grandfather's generation they accompanied Zhang Lu to move inside, and had his family in Zhao. The King of Zhao, Lun, appreciated him. He was successively Prefect of Chang#'an, Grand Warden of Tianmen and Wuling, and came to preside over the province. His son Bing was in Luo, and also was executed.

Te and Liu arrived at Chengdu, they set the troops loose for a great plunder, murdered the Army-Protectors of the Western Yi, Jiang Fa and Gong Ni, and killed Xin's Senior Clerk (HYGZ: Prefect of Chengdu) Yuan Qia, and the wardens and chiefs set up by Xin. He dispatched his Serrated Gates Wang Lu and Li Ji to go to Luoyang and lay out the circumstances of Xin's crimes.

Earlier, the Inspector of Liang# province, Luo Shang, heard that Xin had rebelled, and petitioned:

Xin is not an outstanding talent, and also the people of Shu do not desire to make chaos, they certainly have nothing in common. The affair in the end will have no success. [We] can plan for the day of his defeat and destruction, and wait.

Emperor Hui following that designated Shang General who Pacifies the West, Acting with the Tally, Nominal Colonel who Protects the Western Yi, and Inspector of Yi province, looking after 1 000 tally guard troops, 2 000 Liang# province troops, and also matched with the Chief Commandant of Shangyong's right-principled section 1 500 people, for a combined 4 500 people. Moved the Grand Warden of Zitong,Xu Jian of Leling, to be Shu commandery, the General who Spreads Fervent, Xin Ran to be Grand Warden of Guanghan. Shang also petitioned to request the Commander of the Serrated Gates, Wang Dun, to enter Shu with 7 000 troops.

Te and others Shang was coming, and was very afraid. He sent his younger brother Xiang# to receive and welcome him on the road, and also offer as tribute precious things. Shang was very pleased, and used Xiang# as Cavalry Controller. Te and Liu then used cattle and wine and alcohol to entertain Shang at Mianzhu.

Wang Dun advised Shang, saying:

Te and others are robbing and plundering thieves from the frontier of Longshang. [We] ought when [we] meet to kill him, and the army will have no later worries.

(HYGZ08: Xin Ran had originally been employed by the King of Zhao, Lun, he was not depended on in turn and had been summoned to return back [?]. He wished to use chastising Xin to gain merit for himself, and also talked to him.) Shang did not accept. Ran previously had been familiar with Te, and following that spoke to him, saying:

When old acquaintances happen on each other, if it is not auspicious, it must be inauspicious.

Te was deeply wary and fearful for himself.

3rdMonth [26 March – 24 April], Shang arrived at the provincial seat. The Qiang of Minshan rebelled at Tianshi Mountain in Du'an. He dispatched Wang Dun to chastise them. [He? They?] killed several thousand people, and greatly took away women and youths as live captives. Dun galloped on a single horse, and was killed by the Qiang.

Soon after there was a tally sent down to Qin and Yong provinces, and all the drifting people who had entered Hanchuan had sent down to them where they were summoning them to return back. The Steering Clerks Feng Gai and Zhang Chang acted as Assistant Officials of Qin and Yong provinces, and supervising relocating back the drifting people. Those who were moved were more than ten thousand families.

But Te's older brother Fu, who was used to remaining behind at their home village, as pretext said he was welcoming his family, and then when he arrived in Shu spoke to Te, saying:

The Central States just now are in chaos, and are not fit to return back to.

Te considered it to be so, and therefore had thoughts of ruling and occupying Ba and Shu.

The Imperial Court for his merit in chastising Zhao Xin, designated Te General who Spreads Domination, ennobled Marquis of Changle district, and Liu as General who Arouses Domination and Marquis of Wuyang.

A letter with the imperial seal was sent down to Yi province, to list and classify those among the drifting people of the Six Commanderies who chastised Xin in cooperation and together with Te, wanting to add to them rewards for their merit. It happened that Xin Ran, since he had been summoned out of turn, did not look into responding to the summons, and also wished to use the wiping out of Xin to gain merit for himself. He therefore slept on the court's instructions, and did not actually send them up. The multitudes all resented it.

Luo Shang dispatched an Assistant Officer to urge on dispatching the drifting people, marking off the 7th Month for going up the roads. Te and others firmly requested, seeking to extend it until the autumn harvest. The drifting people were scattered around in Liang# and Yi, and had been hired by people to work. When they heard the provinces and commanderies were pressuring to dispatch them, everyone were anxious and resentful, and did not know what to do.

Again, when they knew Te and his brothers again and again had requested and sought a delay, everyone were moved and relied on them. Moreover the rains were about to come down, and the year's grain were not yet ripe. The drifting people had nothing to provide for them on the march, and thereupon went with each other to Te.

Te dispatched Yan Shi of Tianshui to frequently go to Shang to seek to loosen the guidance and argue it was opportune to delay until autumn. He also dispatched goods and gifts to Shang and Gai. They allowed it. Reaching autumn, he again sought to extend it until winter. Xin Ran and Li Bi considered it impossible, and certainly wished to relocate them.

Shi made the Separate Carriage Du Tao explain the gains and harms of forcing a relocation. Tao also wished to let go of and disperse the people for one year. Xin Ran and Li Bi considered it impossible, and Shang followed them. Tao delivered his Flowering Talent wood board and set out to return to his family, knowing the reasons for his plans and strategies not being acted on.

At the time there was a white nimbus, the head was in a well village, the tail was in the eastern mountains, and it trailed over the greater city. The Assistant Officer Within the Seat, Ma Xiu of Baxi asked Yan Shi about it, saying:

What omen is this?

Shi said:

The divination tells that below it there is a vapour of ten thousand corpses. Its very closeness to the city is not an auspicious response. Can a Heavenly affliction be disobeyed? If the [General] who Pacifies the West is able to let go of the dispersed people, the calamity will dissolve itself.

Xin Ran was by nature greedy and brutal, he wished to kill the drifting people's heads and leaders, acquire their wealth and goods. He therefore circulated incitements to send them out and dispatch them. He also ordered the Grand Warden of Zitong, Zhang Yan, to arrange for barriers at the various strategic places, and search out and exhort treasure and goods. Ran and Li Bi again declared to Shang:

The drifting people previously during of Xin's chaos very much were unjustly confiscating. [We] ought to take the opportunity with the relocating to build barriers to take away and seize it.

Autumn, 7th Month [21 August – 18 September], Shang sent a document to Zitong, for them there to hold close the barriers.

8th Month [19 September – 18 October], the barriers were all walled up. Li Te dispatched Yan Shi to go to Luo Shang, seeking to stretch out the date. When Shi had arrived, he saw Ran was keeping watch over and palisading the thoroughfares and strategic places, planning to ambush the drifting people. He sighed, and said:

When there are no bandits but there are walls, an enemy must be protecting them. Now he is yet speeding it up, chaos is about to be created.

He also knew that Ran and Li Bi's opinion could not be turn around, and therefore bid farewell to Shang to return back to Mianzhu. Shang spoke to Shi, saying:

You Sir are about to report to the various drifting people my thoughts, [I] am now accepting tolerance.

Shi said:

You, Enlightened Excellency, has been misled by perfidious advise, and [I] fear will have no tolerance and reason. Those who are weak but cannot be taken lightly are the hundred families, and now [you] press them unreasonably. The multitudes' anger is difficult to transgress, [I] fear there will be a disaster of no small depth.

Shang said:

However, I do no deceive you Sir. Sir should go.

Shi arrived at Mianzhu, and talked to Te, saying:

Even though Shuo stated this, he cannot necessarily be trusted, why so? Shang's authority to punish is not established, Ran and others each hold close strong troops, and in a single morning [can] make a mishap. They also are not someone Shang is able to control. [We] really ought to be prepared.

Te accepted it.

9th Month [19 October – 16 November], [Shang?] dispatched an army to Mianzhu, spreading word they were planting wheat, but in truth preparing for them to disperse and flee.

Te sent to Ran seeking extension for himself. Ran was greatly angered, he dispatched people to distribute placards and make public at the crossroads, putting a bounty of a hundred bolts for the heads of Te and Liu. Te saw it, and was greatly afraid. He thoroughly took them and brought them back. Together with Xiang# he changed their bounty to state:

[He who] is able to send off the Six Commanderies' great families, Yan, Zhao, Ren, Yang, Li, and Shangguan, and the marquises and kings of the Di Sou, Liang, Dou, Fu Wei, Dong, Fei, and others, for each heads a hundred bolts.

The drifting people were already unhappy about relocating, and all went to revert to Te. They galloped their horses and collected their quivers, and with a single voice assembled like clouds. Between a ten-day and a month the multitudes exceeded 20 000. Liu also gathered a multitude of several thousands.

Winter, 10th Month [17 November – 16 December], Te and Liu therefore guarded Chizu, and made two camps. Te resided in the eastern camp, and Liu in the eastern camp.

Ran and Bi planned with each other, saying:

Marquis Luo is greedy but makes no decisions, and from day to day the drifting people get to extend their perfidious schemes. Li Te and his brothers all have outstanding talent, we are about to be made captives by nobodies. We ought to make a decisive scheme, and not be satisfied again with asking about it.

They therefore dispatched the Chief Commandant of Guanghan, Zeng Yuan, the Serrated Gates Zhang Xian, and others to covertly lead 30 000 infantry and cavalry to assault Te's camp. Luo Shang heard about it, and likewise dispatched the Controller-Protector Tian Zuo and Serrated Gates Liu Bing to assist Yuan. Te habitually knew about it, he therefore repaired his armour and readied the troops, and warned them strictly to wait for it. Yuan and others arrived. Te calmly laid down and did not move. He waited for half of their multitudes to enter, and then issued out from the ambush to strike them, the killed and wounded were a considerable multitude. Zuo was also defeated.

He murdered Tian Zuo, Zeng Yuan, and Zhang Xian, and transmitted their heads to be shown to Shang and Ran. Shang spoke to his generals and aides, saying:

These miscreants had completely left, but Guanghan did not heed my words and so expanded the thieves' power. Now what should we do about it!

Hence the drifting people of the Six Commanderies pushed forward Te to be their ruler. Te instructed Controller of Private Troops of the Six Commanderies, Li Han, the Prefect of Shanggui, Ren Zang, the Prefect of Shichang, Yan Shi, the Remonstrant Grandee Li Pan, the Prefect of Chencang, Li Wu, the Prefect of Yinping, Li Yuan, the Chief Commandant Commanding Troops Yang Bao, and others to send up a letter, requesting to rely on the old affairs of Liang Tong serving Dou Rong, and push forward Te as Acting Great General who Garrisons the North, to carry on the authority to ennoble and designate, and his younger broth Liu to be Acting General who Garrisons the East, to assist in quelling and governing.

Te and others advanced the troops to attack Ran at Guanghan. Ran's multitudes set out to fight, Te routed them every time. Shang dispatched the Grand Warden of Qianwei, Li Bi, and Senior Clerk Fei Yuan to led a multitude and save Ran, but they dreaded Te and did not dare to advance. Ran put the blame on the Prefect of Mianzhu, Qi Bao of Nan commandery, and beheaded him. Then he broke through the encirclement and ran to Deyang (JS: Jiangyang).

Te entered to occupy Guanghan, and used Li Chao as Grand Warden. He advanced the troops to attack Shang at Chengdu. [Shang] wrote a note of denouncement and accusation to Yan Shi. Shi replied, saying:

Xin Ran pour out swindles. Du Jing [textual error for Zhang Xian?] set forth in madness. Zeng Yuan is a small upstart. Tian Zuo's blood and spirit is not in order. Li Shuping has not the spirit of someone commanding regiments. To chastise exhausted and poor Qiang can be said to be their strong point.

Shi previously was discussing with the Beneath the Tally and Du Jingwen [I.e Du Tao] the propriety of halting and migrating. People hold close their mulberry trees and catalpa trees, who do not wish for them? Moreover, formerly when they began to arrive, following the grain to work for hire, a single family would be divided in five. Then they were faced with torrential rain. They begged to wait for the winter harvest, and yet they were not heard. Certainly a destitute deer will defy a tiger.

Moreover [I] fear with the great excesses of the measures, the dispersed people will not willingly extend their necks and accept the blade, and perhaps the troubles will be later. Had [you] listened to Yan's words, and released them to make arrangements, it would not have gone past the 9th Month before they were fully assembled, on the 10th Month advanced on the road, and by now reached their home villages. Why would it have to be like this?

[You] courteously listened but did investigate, and empathized with others' excessive words. Now Xin Ran is an absconded slave, Shuping excels at hiding, [your] branches are divided and [your] might unravelled, affairs are gradually catching up with yourself. It is what is spoken of as not being aware of bending the smoke-hole and keeping distant the firewood, and having your guests be burnt by them.

(JS: Yan Shi conveyed a letter to Shang, calling him to account for his trust in and usage of slanderous plots, and wish for chastising the drifting people. He also put forth how Te and his brothers had established merit on behalf of the kingly house by soothing the lands of Yi.)

Shang looked at the letter, and understood Te and others were about to have great aspirations, he walled up the city and strengthen the defences, and sought help from Liang# and Ning provinces.

Te declared himself Envoy Holding the Tally, Great Commander-in-Chief, Great General who Garrisons the North (HYGZ: and [Inspector of] Yi province), to carry on the authority to ennoble and designate alone, relying on the former affairs of Dou Rong in Hexi. Liu became Great General who Garrisons the East. Their older brother Fu became General of Agile Cavalry, their younger brother Xiang# General of Valiant Cavalry, Te's oldest son Shi became General of Martial Domination, his second son Dang became General of the Garrison Army, his youngest son Xiong became General of the Van, Li Han became Colonel of the Western Yi, Han's sons Guo and Li, Ren Hui, Li Gong, Shangguan Jing, Li Pan, Fei Tuo (HYGZ: Fei Ta) and others became generals and leaders, Ren Zang of Tianshui, Shangguan Dun, Yang Bao, HYGZ: Yang Fa, Yang Gui, Wang Da, Qu Xin and others became claws and teeth, Li Yuan of Yinping, Li Bo of Wudu, Xi Bin of Lüeyang, Yan Cheng, Shangguan Qi, Li Tao, Wang Huai and others became staff members, Yan Shi became master of plans, He Ju and Zhao Su became belly and heart.

At the time Luo Shang was greedy and ruthless, and was a worry of the hundred families. Yet Te gave the people of Shu a moderate law in three chapters, gave alms and relieved debt, was courteous to the worthy and raised up the blocked, and his army and government were respectful. The hundred families made a song about it:

Li Te is still allowable, Luo Shang kills us.

Shang led his people to fully cross the Pi River and southward, blocking a long circumference and building camps hemming the river, from Du'an until Qianwei, 700 li. Te and others guarded Guanghan.

Yongning era (301 – 302)

(Liu Yuan)

The King of Chengdu, Ying, was headquartered at Ye. Beginning of Yongning [301 – 302], he petitioned for Liu Yuan to act as General who Soothes the Boreal and Overseer of the Army Affairs of the Five Sections.

(Murong Hui)

Middle of Yongning [301 – 302], Yan was on the brink of great floods. Murong Hui opened the granaries to relieve and provide, and You region obtained help. The Son of Heaven heard and praised him, and as commendation bestowed award clothes.

(Zhang Gui)

Zhang Gui considered the time was on the brink of many difficulties, and secretly plotted to guard and occupy Hexi, and pursue the former affairs of Dou Rong. He cast the diving slips and got Contentment and Surview. He therefore threw the slips and joyfully said:

The omens of a hegemon.

He then sought to become [Inspector] of Liang province. The excellencies and dignitaries also recommended Gui as talented and capable of steering far-away lands.

Beginning of Yongning [301 – 302], he set out to be Holding the Tally, Colonel who Protects the Qiang, and Inspector of Liang province.

At that time the Xianbei turn to rebellion, and robbed and stole everywhere. When Gui arrived in the province he promptly chastised and routed them, the cut off heads numbered more than ten thousand. Thereupon his domination was evident in the western provinces, and is reforms acted on in Heyou. He gave lessons in farming mulberry trees, and pulled up the worthy and talented.

He used Song Pei, Yin Chong, Fan Yuan and Yin Dan as thighs and forearms, and masters of planning. He summoned the head sons, 500 people, and established schools to teach them. He started to set up Libationers of Revering Culture, their ranks were treated as Separate Carriages. Spring and autumn they acted out the rites of district archery meetings.

The Overseer of the Private Writers, Mou Shizheng, and the Junior Treasurer Zhi Yu at night observed the star constellations. They talked to each other and said:

Under Heaven is just now in chaos, of states that are avoiding the difficulties there is just the lands of Liang, and that is all. Zhang of Liang province's virtue and capacity are not ordinary, he is likely that person.

#r16s

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nextstepelectric · 4 years

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MESSAGE IN HONOR OF THE 72ND ANNIVERSARY OF THE JAPANESE IMPERIAL RESCRIPT ON SURRENDER AND THE CONCLUSION OF COMBAT ACTIONS IN THE ASIA-PACIFIC THEATERS OF OPERATIONS IN THE SECOND WORLD WAR

Ladies and gentlemen, to all the people of the United States of America, to all our remaining living veterans of the Second World War of 1939-1945 and of all conflicts past and present and their families, to our veterans, active servicemen and women, reservists and families of the entire United States Armed Forces, and of all the uniformed military and civil security services of the Allied combatants of this conflict, including from the military and civil uniformed services of Pakistan, India, Poland, the Republic of the Congo, Indonesia and the Republic of Korea, to all the immediate families, relatives, children and grandchildren of the deceased veterans, fallen service personnel and wounded personnel of our military services and civil uniformed security and civil defense services, to all our workers, farmers and intellectuals, to our youth and personnel serving in youth uniformed and cadet organizations and all our athletes, coaches, judges, sports trainers and sports officials, and to all our sports fans, to all our workers of culture, music, traditional arts and the theatrical arts, radio, television, digital media and social media, cinema, heavy and light industry, agriculture, business, tourism and the press, and to all our people of the free world:

On this very day in our history, in 1914, the Battle of Cer, the very first Allied victory in the First World War against the Central Powers, began.

On this day in 1920, the Polish Land Forces inflicted a heavy defeat on the Red Army in the outskirts of Warsaw in one of the greatest battles of the Polish-Soviet War, the Battle of Warsaw, more known as the “Miracle on the Vistula River”, today marked as Armed Forces Day in this great country.

On this day 73 years ago, Operation Dragoon, the Allied landing offensive for the liberation of Southern France, began with the landing of a multinational Allied landing force along the Provence coast thus starting the liberation of this part of France, helped by members of the French resistance movement in the region.

On this very day, the world marks the following national independence days:

Indian Independence Day (1948),

Republic of Korea Republic and National Day (1948),

And the National Day of the Republic of Congo (1960).

On this day 77 years ago in Liberty Field, Fort Benning, Georgia, just as the flames of war were striking the western half of the European continent, a test airborne platoon made one final jump and therefore, with their qualification achieved, these pioneer paratroopers jump started the formation of the airborne troops of the United States Army which will have their baptism of fire later on in this great conflict.

And so today, the 15th day of August, with great joy and thanksgiving in our hearts we mark together as one people the 72nd year anniversary since the Japanese Imperial Rescript on Unconditional Surrender, the official end of all combat actions in the Pacific and China-Burma-India Theaters of Operations of the Second World War and the end of the 5 year war that has forever changed the face of the world, a war that witnessed the changing evolution of warfare, and have seen times of suffering and joy for all our people.

It was indeed exactly 72 years ago on on this very important day in our history, a day that will always be remembered generation upon generation, on the 15th of August 1945, the great Catholic and Orthodox Christian Feast of the Dormition and Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Theotekos and Mother of God, as the clock striked noon Japan Standard Time, with the whole world awaiting the much-anticipated news within days after the US-led atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the Soviet declaration of all-out armed conflict against Japan and its allies leading to its offensive in northern parts of the Korean Peninsula and Manchuria, NHK Public Radio played the pre-recorded message of no less than HIM Emperor Hirohito made just days earlier at the Imperial Palace complex in Tokyo officially informing the government and people of Japan and the world that with deep sorrow at the deaths of so many men, women and children and the destruction of infrastructure, rural areas and industries within either Japanese held or liberated territories from as far west as Eastern China to Myanmar and eastern parts of India towards the Philippines and the Dutch East Indies, Papua and Micronesia and as far north as Manchuria, in a span of 3 years, 9 months and 8 days of warfare that changed forever these parts of the world (plus another 4 when counting from the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937) the Japanese Empire officially has informed the Allied military and politicial leadership that in light of recent events it will bear the consequences as it submits to and thus accepts the “unbearable” and “unendurable” provisions of national unconditional surrender of her Imperial government and the armed forces as stated in the Postdam Declaration made by the Allied national heads of state and military leaders that April, within weeks before the official end of the war in Europe and the victory won against Nazi Germany in the 8th and 9th of May and therefore offically giving the order for the Imperial Army and Navy, together with their respective air services, many of their subordinate and serving personnel of all ranks, including officers, having been the ones that the Allies would later find responsible for countless murders and acts of violence and injustice committed in their areas of responsibility during these 7 years of war in the Asia-Pacific, to end all hostilities and combat actions within the jurisdiction of the Pacific and China-Burma-India Theaters of Operations. Upon hearing this announcement mixed emotions filled the hearts and minds of the Japanese people, Korea rejoiced at the end of 4 decades of Japanese administration that caused a lot of suffering among its people, and the people of Vietnam, motivated by the Viet Minh and anti-Japanese sympathizers, began to storm government offices all over Vietnam to wrest control from both Japan and France and begin the groundwork in which national independence will be achieved.

As the Imperial Rescript officially marked the beginning of the closing of this final chapter of the 5-year war that forever changed the planet and humankind and altered for generations the landscape of this wide world we live in, this annoucement of Japan’s acceptance of unconditional surrender to the victorious Allies on this very day thus was for the people of the world a great news of joy, for at long last the long period of war and ended and the victory won at a high cost of millions of dead and wounded for the Allies against the Axis Powers, their governments, armed forces, and supporters and sympathizers in their respective territories.

For all the peoples of the world especially for those who suffered even more in this war it was a history and great victory won against the forces of international fascism, imperialism, dictatorship and totalialism, a victory that has and will continue to be a part ofour history and an inspiration to our youth and our future generations to honor their memory and to be worthy of all they have fought for during these 5 years.

Today, on this very historic anniversary of the end of hostillities in the Asia-Pacific theaters of the Second World War, the world recalls the millions of Allied military and civilian fallen, they whose blood poured in their sacrifice in the defense of our liberties and our free way of life in many parts of the globe during this long conflict had sown the seeds of a present that is full of the same troubles they have seen, heard and felt during those times, but as we carry in our hearts the memories of so many who died for such a noble cause of standing up not just for the freedoms they fought but for the future of our one and only planet, we will have the courage and bravery just as they had in their time to fight the evils of our world and the blocks towards our future, so that future generations will, by our actions today, remember the very deeds they had committed in these past years of war and the crimes committed against the innocent that must never be forgotten, especially the deaths by the millions during the Nazi Holocaust of Jews, members of other religious communities, people who sympathized with the resistance movement and anti-Nazi activists and politicians, as well as of Poles and others in Soviet concentration camps and Gulag camps and by exile to other parts of the USSR of various ethnic communities, as well as the massive Japanese persecution, injustices, murder and violent acts directed at the Chinese and dissident citizens and people of other faiths in the Asia-Pacific.

On this very day of the solemn 72nd year anniversary of the Imperial Rescript on Surrender and the official conclusion of combat activities in the wide Asia-Pacific region, with our deep respect and gratitude to the millions of men and women who served in the uniformed services and in the partisan resistance movements within the Axis-occupied territories in Europe, northern parts of Africa and the Asia-Pacific, and those who sustained the war effort at home and in the workplace, collectively dubbed “the world’s Greatest Generation”, at the huge cost of millions of military, paramilitary and civil uniformed personnel killed, wounded or taken prisoner, at the cost of ruined economies and agricultural lands, destroyed cultural and historical structures and closed businesses in every theater of the war, as one united people we remember the actions commited by them in these 5 years, 11 months and 32 days of intense battles that changed humankind in sites like Dunkirk, Leningrad, the Brest Fortress, Moscow, Tula, Borodino, Sevastopol, El Alamein, Tobruk, Stalingrad, Kursk, Normandy, Caretan, Paris, Minsk, Monte Cassino, Eindhoven, Rome, Smolensk, Kiev, Kharkiv, Odessa, Lyon, Bastogne, Warsaw, Bryansk, Anapa, Smolensk, Lviv, Shanghai, Pearl Harbor, the Bataan Peninsula, Corregidor Island, Singapore, Besang Pass, Hong Kong, Wuhan, Midway Island, Iwo Jima, Guadalcanal, the Santa Cruz Islands, Belgrade, Sofia, the Caucasus, Karelia, Cologne, Xiamen, Budapest, Tunis and many more, in the land, air, and sea, from every terrain and in any weather condition, from the mighty Sahara, up to the Normandy beaches, the British skies, the forests of the Low Countries, the mighty Alps and Balkans, the marshes at Pripyat, the Ukrainian steppes to the Arctic and the snowy lands of Scandinavia, towards the jungles of Myanmar and the Malay Peninsula, the Philippines and Indonesia, in the changing terrains and landscapes of China and Korea, and in the Pacific Islands and New Guinea, in both conventional battles and unconventional actions on land, air, and sea by the Allied military forces, in covert actions committed by the Allied intelligence services, in combat actions and active activties by the pro-Allied partisan forces, and in pro-war relief and morale-boosting labor by the home front civilians and workers in the military and civil industries, all these factors helping to win this historic victory against the Axis Powers that we celebrate today, first against Nazi Germany, the Italian Social Republic and the Axis governments in Denmark, Hungary and Czechoslovakia, all in the spring of 1945, and today, against the Empire of Japan in the Asia-Pacific, a great victory that indeed deserves to be ceelebrated, remembered and honored all over the world of generations to come. For it is today wherein we recall the victories won by the Allies in all the theaters of the war the high cost paid in their struggle against the political and military might of the Axis Powers, and the ideologies of fascism, imperialism and racism that caused this war in the first place, and most of all, the very ideologies that drove the Allies to defeat them who brought such harm and destruction to this world that we live in.

Out of respect and gratitude for the liberty they fought so hard and even risked to die for it, even as the rising of far-right and far-left aligned groups have become for us a source of anxiety and concern all over the world in these recent times, today, on this the 72nd year anniversary of the announcement of the capitulation of the military forces of the Empire of Japan – the beginning of the end of the final pages of this 5-year long war and of the great victory won in the Pacific against the forces of the Axis Powers – as we always do every year we remember the memories of these millions of men and women who helped bring to its victorious end this great war that saw this world’s destiny changed forever by the millions of our mililtary, paramilitary and civil uniformed personnel of the Allied combatant nations who served during the war, and the hundreds of thousands of war veterans and partisan veterans who still remain living, as well as our home front veterans of the conflict, and most of all, we cannot forget to honor the millions of the Allied fallen and civilian fatalities of this long conflict that forever changed the world we live in, most especially in all the theaters of operations of this long war. May we always honor the memory of these men and women who served during those years of combat in every corner of the world who are even in this present time and in a modern way of life are still honored not just by battle honors and monuments but also in various works and in radio, television, film and digital media, and who today we, the descendants of this heroic and great generation of heroes, and the generations of tomorrow must keep in our minds and hearts, among them the men and women of the intelligence services who helped provide the Allied military leadership with information on enemy locations and movements, Easy Company of the 2nd Battalion, 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, formerly 4th Brigade Combat Team and now 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 101st Airborne Division, XVIII Airborne Corps, United States Army, the brave men of the 1st Marine Division’s 1st, 5th and 7th Marine Regiments, and the tankers of the 2nd Armored Division, be forever in our memories and our profound remembrance, not just by their descendants, but by the very people they fought and died for in the fields of battle, the frontlines, the concentration camps and the home front, and by the people and youth of today and our future generations so that we can entrust these stories to them who will carry the eternal flame of remembrance for those who have gone before them.

And most of all today, we think of our remaining living veterans of the Second World War –all those hundreds of thousands who remain of the millions fought as military personnel and paramilitary guerillas in the European, Mediterranean, China-Burma-India and Pacific Theaters of Operations during this long conflict – they who have been dying out because of sickness and old age. They who helped win this victory against the Axis Powers in that momentful year of 1945 deserve all the more our thanks, for it is without their efforts we would have not lived in this present time, thus we the people of the free world must do all we can to ensure that this victory and all the Allied actions of the Second World War leading up to this great day will be forever honored. As the waves of time come and go, and as the ideologies that started this war come time and again to haunt the memories of our people, as we mark this great anniversary of the conclusion of a long war that will forever define humanity we therefore promise them, their families and friends and to the immediate families and comrades of those who fought with them and survived the war but are no longer with us that we who live today will, for the sake of the future generations who must never let history be repeated once more in their own eyes as long as they live, make our everlasting promise to them and a comminitment to honor their sacrifices and their role in building a better world and in having helped bring the final defeat of Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy and the Empire of Japan. And we will do our part and our best ability in defending their immortal legacy to the spirit of freedom all over the world, especially to all our generations to come and to keep forever the places of remembrance of the men and women who fought in this conflict. To our remaining Allied military and partisan veterans, to the veterans of other conflicts and of our men and women and veterans of the military and civil uniformed services and uniformed youth groups (excepting far-left and far-right organziations), we today pledge with our hearts to remember your services to your countries and to honor your legacy of having helped achieve this great victory. And most of all, we promise to honor your fallen comrades and friends in the battlefield, who died fighting their enemies and for the sake of freedom and independence that the Allied Powers risked so much so that we can live in a world of peace, progress, prosperity, development and a clear vision towards our future.

On this very great day of our history and in the history of humanity, this very important day in which we celebrate as one people the 72nd year anniversary of the Japanese Imperial Rescript of Surrender and the end of all combat actions in the China-Burma-India and Pacific Theaters of Operations in the Second World War, and thus prepare ourselves for the 71st anniversary of the conclusion of the Second World War in the Pacifc Theater this September,we greet all of you people of the free world, and most especially to all of you our remaining veterans of this long and great conflict, who helped win this great victory and opened the gates for a better future for all of humanity, as heroes who risked even their lives for the defeat of the military and political might of the Axis Powers!

Today, as we stand with the Polish people in makring 96 years since the Polish victory in the historic Miracle in the Vistula in 1920, we also join the people of Poland in celebrating Armed Forces Day and the anniversary of the 1920 Battle of Warsaw and thus remember the serving men and women in the active and reserve ranks of the Polish Armed Forces and the Second World War Polish veterans who fought in the armed services in the Western and Eastern Fronts, the Home Army and in resistance groups against the Axis Powers and later on the Soviet Union. On this historic anniversary of the victory won against communism in this part of the world, we remember the Poles who fell in battle to defend their homeland from the aggression of the Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army and the men and women who more than ever today are ready to defend the spirit of Poland at all costs shall never be forgotten, for all through these years the Polish Armed Forces has always stood by the nation it has swore to defend, full of the courage and bravery of their forefathers. As it has defended the heritage and traditions of the Polish people, today it celebrates its long years of standing strong as the military service of the Polish Republic.

Today we also join in the celebration of the national days of India, the Republic of Korea and the Republic of Congo and remember their role not just in the victory we remember today but in the building of a better world for the generations of tomorrow, while anticipating the 72nd year anniversary of the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence with deep respect and gratitude to the Indonesians who let the war end with the rising of one of the greatest of countries in the Asia-Pacific.

In closing these words, as we today mark the 72 years since the start of the final moments of the long Second World War and unconditional surrender of the military forces of the Empire of Japan, as we once more recall the moments that led up to this great victory in which we mark today, and remember with our words and actions this very important day in the history of humankind especially to all who served in this war we today hope that with the legacy bequeathed to us by these men and women who served in this great global conflict and keep these sacred and memorable days of such a great victory with respect and reverence especially for those who went before us we shall be worthy of what they fought for, for building a world of peace, harmony and progress, a clean environment, and a brighter future for all our children and grandchildren - truly the very future that is truly worth defending and the very future our forefathers fought with their very own lives. With our greatest gratitude may we always and forever treasure in our hearts all those who have gone before us and have entrusted to us the spirit of defending our freedom and liberty in all those years from the beginning of the war up to the great victories in which we honor today, everyday and in the years and decades to come!

And as the men of Easy Company will always say: WE STAND ALONE TOGETHER!

ETERNAL GLORY TO THE MLLIONS OF THE FALLEN AND THE HEROES AND VETERANS OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR IN EUROPE AND THE PACIFIC FROM 1939-1945, WHOSE LEGACY WILL NEVER BE FORGOTTEN BY ALL THE GENERATIONS TO COME!

LONG LIVE THE VICTORIOUS MEN AND WOMEN IN THE SERVICE OF THE ALLIES OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR IN EUROPE, NORTHERN AFRICA AND THE ASIA-PACIFIC!

LONG LIVE ALL THE ALLIED MILITARY VETERANS OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR!

LONG LIVE THE INVINCIBLE AND FOREVER VICTORIOUS PEOPLE OF THE FREE WORLD AND ALL OUR SERVING ACTIVE AND RESERVE SERVICEMEN AND WOMEN AND VETERANS OF THE ARMED SERVICES OF ALL THE COMBATANT ALLIED COUNTRIES THAT HELPED WIN THIS GREAT WAR AGAINST FASCISM, NAZISM AND IMPERIALISM, AS WELL AS ALL OUR ACTIVE AND RESERVE SERVICE PERSONNEL, CIVILIAN EMPLOYEES AND VETERANS OF THE POLICE, FIREFIGHTING, FORESTRY, BORDER CONTROL, CUSTOMS AND RESCUE SERVICES AS WELL AS OUR YOUTH OF TODAY AND THE CHILDREN OF OUR TOMORROW WHO WILL CARRY ON THE LEGACY OF ALL THOSE WHO HAVE GONE BEFORE THEM, ESPECIALLY TO THE MILLIONS OF MEN AND WOMEN WHO TOOK PART IN THIS GREAT WORLD WAR!

LONG LIVE THE 70TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE INDEPENDENCE OF THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN AND THE REPUBLIC OF INDIA!

LONG LIVE THE 56TH YEAR ANNIVERSARY OF THE INDEPENDENCE OF THE REPUBLIC OF CONGO!

LONG LIVE THE 97TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE POLISH ARMED FORCES AND THE HISTORY VICTORY OVER THE SOVIET UNION IN THE 1920 BATTLE OF WARSAW!

LONG LIVE THE GLORIOUS 69TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA!

LONG LIVE THE 71ST YEAR ANNIVERSARY OF THE JAPANESE DECLARATION OF SURRENDER AND THE LIBERATION OF KOREA!

LONG LIVE THE GLORIOUS 72ND YEAR ANNIVERSARY OF THE END OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR IN THE PACIFIC THEATER OF OPERATIONS AND THE GREAT VICTORY OVER THE FORCES OF THE EMPIRE OF JAPAN AND THE AXIS POWERS!

GLORY TO THE ARMED FORCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, CANADA, THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND AND FRANCE, TOGETHER WITH THE ARMED SERVICES OF THE OTHER VICTORIOUS COMBATANT COUNTRIES OF THE ALLIED POWERS, GUARDIAN DEFENDERS OF OUR DEMOCRATIC WAY OF LIFE, OUR FREEDOM AND OUR LIBERTY AND GUARANTEE OF A FUTURE WORTHY OF OUR GENERATIONS TO COME!

TO THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND TO ALL OVER THE WORLD, A HAPPY 72ND VICTORY OVER JAPAN DAY!

And may I repeat the immortal words of the Polish National Anthem:

Poland has not yet perished, so long as we still live!

Pakistan Zindabad! Hindustan Zindabad! Daehan Minguk Manse!

May God Forever Bless The United States of America!

CURRAHEE! AIR ASSAULT! ARMY STRONG! SEMPER FI! Ooooooooooooooraaaahhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh!!!!!!!!!!

1200h, August 15, 2017, the 241th year of the United States of America and the 150th of Canada, the 242nd year of the United States Army, Navy and Marine Corps, the 123rd of the International Olympic Committee, the 121st of the Olympic Games, the 76th since the beginning of the Second World War in the Eastern Front and in the Pacific Theater, the 72nd since the battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa and the victories in Europe and the Pacific, the 5th since the attacks on Benghazi, the 12th of Operation Red Wings, the 42nd of the TV program Battle of the Network Stars, the 70th of the United States Department of Defense and the United States Armed Forces and the 50th of the modern Canadian Armed Forces.

Semper Fortis

John Emmanuel Ramos

Makati City, Philippines

Grandson of Philippine Navy veteran PO2 Paterno Cueno, PN (Ret.)

(Requiem for a Soldier) (Honor by Hans Zimmer)

(Slavsya from Mikhail Glinka’s A Life for the Tsar)

(Victory Day by Lev Leshenko)

(Last Post) (Taps) (Rendering Honors)

#hbo war #victory over japan day #band of brothers #the pacific #hbo war fandom #vj day #victory day #den pobedy #fury #x company

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