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《图审者》第六章留学的蓝

《图审者》第六章留学的蓝正文

蓝即将登机，目的地地球。蓝是一位刚刚中学毕业的学生，他以优秀的成绩被地球某大学录取，蓝的父母很欣慰，大儿子成功入学，意味着他的两个弟弟会得到更多的优待。看着蓝走进船舱，母亲对孩子他爸说：“终于将蓝抚养长大，我们有更多精力去照顾蓝的两个弟弟，把他们全部抚养长大，我们就可以安度晚年了。” “孩子他妈，你别想得太轻松，地球精英无数，能不能混出个人样还不清楚。” “要是不行就回火星陪我们，哪里不能存在呢？” “见过大世面之后，可能回不来了。” “一件好事情，别想到糟糕的一面。” 母亲与孩子他爸说完，两人乘上反重力汽车，返回庄园。蓝坐在靠近窗户的一侧，他第一次离开火星，八百年前人类改造火星，处处生机勃勃。飞船升空，远处地面耸立的氧气工厂成为破旧的建筑，再也没有它运作的机会，火星已被氧气氧化，草木繁盛，氧气工厂成为改造火星的标志，作为人类征服荒凉外星的里程碑，作为文物，被保护着。每年火星教育局举办盛大的氧气制造厂参观活动，告诉每一个在火星居住的公民，他们的家乡是临近的星球。地球，是所有人类共同的家园和征服宇宙的起点。蓝透过玻璃窗，蓝色的火星大海笼罩着大陆板块，三大洲六大洋的宏伟壮观一览无余。太阳刺目的光线透过窗户，经过特殊材料阻挡，光线对人体无害，为了营造太阳的刺目感，玻璃并不一股脑地把所有光线隔离在外。蓝兴奋地看着面前的太阳，他降低玻璃的透明度，一颗红色的“鸡蛋”漂浮悬挂在宇宙黑布上。你要记得，这是你第一次看见无比璀璨和令人无比激动的景象，这是第一次，你终于走向了未来！虽然没有红酒和美食庆祝，但终会有一次，你会度过无比幸福的一生。蓝心中��是想着。飞船离开大气层，进入太空中转站，飞船很快进入人造中转站的预定轨道，并降落于此。蓝走出机舱，寻找着道路，看着头上站牌的数字，他很快找到方向。前往星际飞船的路较远，地面滚动装置让行走变得简单和轻松，广播不断播报着飞船的起落，航班指示着上机的旅人快些做好准备。路途不会耽搁太久，蓝百无聊懒地站在地面上，任拖拽装置将他带向目标航班。很快他来到对应地候机室，稍稍等了半小时，登机的广播响起。他正在和朋友通过社交软件通讯，视频中的伙伴说：“我听到你那儿的登机通知了，你到地球有空之后再邮件我。” “时间匆匆，有点舍不得。”蓝说。 “也许你需要个女友了，长途旅行百无聊赖，和女友煲电话粥一定可以满足你沟通需求。”朋友说完挂断电话。也许在大学会遇到一位自己喜欢的姑娘，蓝想。蓝找到自己的座位，他很幸运，仍然是靠窗的区域，能够透过玻璃窗看见外面的宇宙景观。飞船徐徐开动，前往加速区域，蓝看见周遭还有许多大型星际飞船停靠，往前只是在电视中观看到飞船的模样，能真实近距离地感受科技的力量，应该是有一番激动的情愫，蓝尽可能地让自己有激动的感觉，但是，他没有。也许古代的人会激动，习以为常的事物是不会让人激动的。蓝心中解释着自己不会激动的原因。大型星际飞船已经到达加速轨道，飞船的速度逐渐增加，蓝感觉到微弱的压迫感，他呼了一口气，当飞船速度稳定后，蓝觉得舒服许多。蓝看着窗外的风景，依旧是夺目的太阳，这颗照射地球和火星的恒星已悄然存在数十亿年，每日按时出现在头顶，人们总是容易忽略他的存在，就像一位英雄，提供生物和文明的必须，却从来不自封功业。太阳的面貌经过大气层的“筛选”，就像电视中的“虚假”模样，能如此真实地亲身体验到宇宙的浩瀚，与太阳同在悬空的宇宙中，是如此震撼。飞船逐渐转向的过程，太阳的光源逐渐“移动”至另一侧，远处，能看见银河的绸带，犹如一张水中的飘动的丝巾，在漆��的宇宙“幕布”上镶嵌着无比璀璨的“珍珠”，星星点点的遥远恒星孕育着怎么样的生命？人类是否能够离开太阳系前往临近的恒星系统开发令人向往的宇宙资源？蓝想到此处，感觉学业的重要性：如果我有一番成就，也许可以领略到更多的意义。旅途时间长达50个标准小时，在这段时间内，飞船座椅上配备有显示屏，乘客可观看自己喜爱的节目，蓝很快找到自己喜欢的节目，是明星的综艺节目，他喜爱的明星∑正在节目上驾驶空天赛车比赛。飞船有免费饮料和事物，还算可口，蓝在艰难的条件中总能去勉强适应环境，并且食物也不是特别不合胃口。虽然身边有许多和自己一样的乘客，但大家都假装忙活着自己的构想出来的事情，没有太多交谈，蓝也理解这种行为，因为他也是如此做的。如何开口与对方交谈，变成了人类的难题，话题和环境总是没有社交的前提，大家更乐意在量子网络与陌生人对话、视频，如果谈得来，觉得对方长相也喜欢，可能会不远万里见面庆祝彼此成为朋友，然后离开，不知道何时能想见，不知道何时能走进对方的生活。又或者，不需要想见，有过一次相聚足够，可这般反反复复的交际，最终也变得无聊起来，可能安静地呆在房间中，更有意义些许。一段旅程，并不会花费太长的时间，50个小时匆匆就过去了，该休息的时候，坐在椅子上，入睡，该上厕所的时候，慢慢走过长廊，走向厕所，对再慢慢地走回椅子，该吃饭该喝水的时候，无精打采走向食堂，一点点吃着食物，静静坐着，看着屏幕上的综艺节目，或者是有趣的电影、电视剧，时间悄然而度。即将到达地球，广播通知着飞船里的旅客们，大家充满了惊喜和期待，很快他们看见了月球，一颗传说中无比巨大的星球，围绕着地球旋转了无数岁月，它们就像是忠诚的伴侣，因为一种契约而永恒对地在一起。一位来自火星的诗人曾经那般描述地球和月球之间的微妙关系：在寂寞的太空，很少有人相信爱情，人类的起源星球，那蔚蓝色的地球，它的身边，月球是永远的陪伴，他们因爱情而联络在一起，永不分离。这首朴素的爱情诗歌，火爆了一个世纪，学学多多来自火星的游客，纷纷前往月球基地欣赏宇宙幕布悬挂的爱情美丽，或者在地球，夜幕降临，晴空万里，抬起头，一轮皎洁的明月，是陪伴了地球文明无数岁月的结晶。如今这首诗歌成为课本里面的教学内容，当火星的居民听到关于地球的信息，总会联想到月球的神迷。与月球的相见是短暂的，飞船里的游客们伸长了脖子，向窗外望去，只是一颗星球，赋予了它一定的意义就会呈现出不一样的期待。前往地球，蓝色的星球美不胜收，逐渐接近，飞船进入太空站预定轨道，太空站与赤道修建的直连电梯相接，远处可以看见一部部电梯载着乘客上下往返。蓝下机后跟随着人流前往“赤道升降机”，路途许多大型显示屏广告：机器人管家、美食、宠物、珠宝首饰、景区旅行，地球提供给外来游客的期许从几块显示屏中显露出来，让每一个来到地球的人产生诸多期待。蓝走进升降梯，升降机启��，快速地往地球方向下降，地球的体积也看起来越来越大，边缘优美的圆弧形与宇宙黑暗的背景相互依托，地球显得无比蔚蓝和壮观。电梯进入大气层，一望无尽的云海令人生出激动万分地颤抖感。在电梯快速下降处于失重状态中，加之视野的所见，蓝终于不需要通过内心的暗示以证明自己的第一次是多么有意义，外部的震撼完全性地传递到身体每一根神经，发麻的害怕快感不断像巨浪拍打礁石一般快速回旋。通过云层，可看见满目的绿色，远方的海洋蔚蓝和湛蓝的天空和谐交接。 “这就是地球吗？美得不可思议！”蓝情不自禁地冒出这么一句话。近处，城市两栋建筑高耸入云，城市与自然相融，没有火星杂乱的城市规划乱感，而是一幅处处充满艺术美的画卷。学长在等候着新生，蓝很快和学长相识，并与学长相互添加通讯。 “晚上在宾馆有新生接待仪式，你按照这个地址前往宾馆。”学长说完将地址发到蓝的手机。蓝没对学长说什么，打开地图导航，离目的地不远。地下转送带将蓝迅速带到宾馆，他很快办理好入住手续，进入房间，房间不大不小，一张干干净净舒舒服服的床，一张红色的沙发，透明的茶几摆放着茶具，白色的杯子简单而亲切，茶几底部用植物编制，似乎嗅到一股草木芬芳的气味。墙壁上挂着电视屏，配备着立��游戏盒子，另一面墙壁上挂着一幅艺术诗歌，是箫笛欧诺的早年作品《墓碑》：望穿了深深的雨巷看惯了潮落潮涨听熟了摇铃的呼唤盼痴了夕阳下的车站却没有为我而靠岸的渡船也许会有一只船为我靠岸而岸边的墓碑上写着等待…… 这首诗，蓝默念了几遍，他能感觉到文字中饱含的情感。 “是爱情诗吗？”蓝自顾自地问。 “标题太伤感了吧，不过这首诗本身就很伤感。” 一间充满艺术气息的房间，蓝觉得是个好兆头，他很喜欢文学，学校专业也是文学系，他相信自己能够在文字殿堂发光，来到地球，升降机上看见的美不胜收的风景，在宾馆邂逅箫笛欧诺的诗歌，他的未来一定与文学有着紧密的联系，他相信着。夜晚，学长疲惫地将最后一位学弟带到宾馆，并招待了一席丰盛的佳肴。学长说：“我介绍自己，让大家知道我是谁，我名字叫豫伟，相信各位学弟知道学校依山傍海的地理环境，春天百花盛开，夏季海水清澈见底。” 大家有说有笑地回到房间，有些同学筹堆前往沙滩游玩。蓝进入房间，在他将要拉动窗帘时，却看见如此景色：红色的月亮从山峦处升起，周围的云朦胧，打开窗，没有风。现在的时间将近10点，在书本上看见的月亮升起的常规时间是6点多。有一片海域被月光照亮。整片大海尽头亮着光芒，像繁星一样，那是航道指示灯，大海尽头与天相交处，无数的灯光并排着，照亮海域，隐约能看见照亮的云翳。

Blue study abroad "The Reviewer" Chapter 6 Blue study abroad Body

Blue is about to board the plane, destination Earth. Blue is a recent high school graduate students, he was admitted to a university on earth with excellent results, Blue's parents are very pleased that the eldest son successfully enrolled, meaning that his two younger brothers will get more preferential treatment. Watching Blue walk into the cabin, the mother said to his father, "Finally raised blue, we have more energy to take care of Blue's two younger brothers, they all raised, we can live in old age." " "Child his mother, you don't think too easy, the earth elite countless, can mix out the personal style is not clear." " "If not, go back to Mars and stay with us, where can't it exist?" " "After seeing the great world, i may not be able to come back." " "A good thing, don't think of the bad side. " The mother and the child, his father finished, and the two got in the anti-gravity car and returned to the estate. Blue sits near the side of the window, and he leaves Mars for the first time, eight hundred years after humans transformed it. The spacecraft lifted off, the distant ground towering oxygen plant became a dilapidated building, no longer the opportunity for it to operate, Mars has been oxygen oxidation, grass bloom, oxygen factory become the symbol of the transformation of Mars, as a milestone in the human conquest of desolate alienstars, as cultural relics, is protected. Every year the Mars Education Bureau hosts a grand oxygen manufacturing plant tour to tell every citizen living on Mars that their hometown is a nearby planet. The earth is the common home of all mankind and the starting point for conquering the universe. Blue through the glass window, the blue Martian sea shrouded the continental plate, three continents and six oceans magnificent view. The sun's stinging light passes through the window, is blocked by special materials, the light is harmless to the human body, in order to create the sun's prickly feeling, the glass does not have a brain to isolate all the light. Blue looked excitedly at the sun in front of him, he lowered the transparency of the glass, and a red "egg" floated on the cosmic black cloth. You have to remember, this is the first time you have seen the brilliant and exciting scene, this is the first time, you finally move to the future! Although there is no wine and food to celebrate, but there will be a time, you will be very happy life. Blue heart is like thinking. The spacecraft leaves the atmosphere and enters the space transit station, where it quickly enters its intended orbit and lands. Blue walked out of the cabin, looking for the road, looking at the number of signs on his head, and he quickly found his way. The distance to the starship is far away, the ground rolling device makes walking simple and easy, the broadcast constantly broadcasts the ship's landings and landings, and the flight instructs the passengers on board to get ready quickly. The road won't be delayed for long, blue hundred boringly standing on the ground, let the drag device take him to the target flight. Soon he arrived at the corresponding lounge, waiting for a little half an hour, and the boarding broadcast rang out. He was communicating with a friend through social software, and his partner in the video said, "I heard your boarding notice there, and you'll email me when you're free on Earth." " "Time is in a hurry, a little reluctant. Blue said. "Maybe you need a girlfriend, long-distance travel boring, and girlfriend spending time on the phone will certainly meet your communication needs." "The friend hung up after he said it. Maybe in college will meet a favorite girl, Blue thought. Blue found his seat, and he was lucky to still be in the window area, able to see the cosmic view outside through the glass window. The spacecraft slowly started, to the acceleration area, Blue saw around a lot of large starship docked, forward just in the television to see the appearance of the spacecraft, can really feel the power of science and technology up close, should have a feeling of excitement, blue as far as possible to let oneself have an emotional feeling, but he did not. Perhaps ancient people would be excited, and things that would have been used to would not be exciting. Blue's heart explains why he won't be excited. The large starship has reached the accelerated orbit, the spacecraft's speed gradually increased, Blue felt a faint sense of oppression, he breathed a sigh of relief, when the spacecraft's speed stabilized, Blue felt much more comfortable. Blue lookout out of the window of the landscape, is still a dazzling sun, this shining star on earth and Mars has quietly existed for billions of years, every day on time on top of the head, people always easy to ignore his existence, like a hero, to provide the necessity of biology and civilization, but never self-proclaimed. The face of the sun through the atmosphere "screening", like the television "false" look, can be so truly experienced the vastness of the universe, with the sun in the suspended universe, so shocking. The process of the spacecraft gradually turn, the sun's light source gradually "move" to the other side, in the distance, you can see the silk ribbon of the Milky Way, like a floating silk scarf in the water, in the dark universe "screen" inlaid with incomparable bright "pearls", stars dot the distant stars of what kind of life? Can humans leave the solar system to develop desirable cosmic resources for nearby star systems? Blue thinks of it here and feels the importance of my studies: if I've achieved something, I might be able to appreciate more. The journey time is up to 50 standard hours, during which time the ship's seats are equipped with a display, passengers can watch their favorite programs, Blue quickly found their favorite program, is the star variety show, his favorite star is driving the air racing race on the program. The ship has free drinks and things, it's delicious, blue can always barely adapt to the environment in difficult conditions, and the food is not particularly unappealing. Although there are many passengers around him who are like themselves, everyone pretends to be busy living their own ideas out of things, there is not much conversation, and Blue understands this behavior, because he does the same. How to open up to talk with each other, become a human problem, topics and environment is always no social premise, we are more willing to talk with strangers in the quantum network, video, if talk, feel the other side also like, may not be far away to meet to celebrate each other become friends, and then leave, do not know when to see, do not know when to see, Don't know when to walk into each other's lives. Or, do not need to see, had a meeting enough, but such a back-and-forth communication, and eventually become bored, may quietly stay in the room, more meaningful. A journey, and will not take too long, 50 hours hurriedly passed, the rest time, sitting in a chair, sleep, the toilet time, slowly walked through the corridor, to the toilet, to slowly walk back to the chair, should eat to drink water, a little food, sitting quietly, Watching on-screen variety shows, or funny movies, TV shows, time quietly. Coming to Earth, the radio informed the spacecraft passengers, everyone is full of surprises and expectations, and soon they saw the moon, a legendary giant planet, around the earth for countless years, they are like a loyal companion, because of a contract and eternally together. A poet from Mars once described the delicate relationship between the earth and the moon: in lonely space, few people believe in love, the origin of human planet, that blue earth, its side, the moon is forever companion, they are connected by love, never separated. This simple love poem, hot for a century, learning more tourists from Mars, have gone to the moon base to enjoy the beauty of the space curtain hanging, or on the earth, night fall, clear sky, raised his head, a clean moon, is accompanied by the earth civilization for countless years of crystallization. Now the poem is a textbook, and when the inhabitants of Mars hear about the Earth, they always think of the moon's fascination. The sight of the moon is short-lived, the spacecraft's tourists stretched their necks and looked out of the window, just a planet, giving it a certain meaning will show a different expectation. To Earth, the blue planet is beautiful, gradually approaching, the spacecraft into the space station scheduled orbit, the space station and the equator built by the direct elevator, in the distance can be seen a section of the elevator carrying passengers up and down. The blue down-plane followed by the flow of people to the "equator lift", the road many large-scale display ads: robot butlers, food, pets, jewelry, scenic travel, the earth to provide foreign visitors from a few displays revealed, so that everyone who came to the earth to produce a lot of expectations. Blue into the elevator, the lift starts, quickly descends in the direction of the earth, the earth's volume also looks bigger and bigger, the edge of the beautiful arc and the dark background of the universe, the earth appears extremely blue and spectacular. Elevators enter the atmosphere, and a sea of endless clouds gives birth to an exciting tremor. In the elevator rapid descent in a weightless state, coupled with the vision of the view, Blue finally does not need to through the inner hint to prove how meaningful the first time, the external shock completely transmitted to the body of each nerve, the burst of fear of the thrill of constantly like a big wave hit the reef as fast swing. Through the clouds, you can see the full of green, distant ocean blue and azure sky harmonious lying. "Is this the earth?" It's amazing! "Blue can't help but come up with such a sentence. Nearby, the city's two buildings towering into the clouds, the city and nature, not Mars messy urban planning chaos, but a picture full of artistic beauty. The schoolmaster is waiting for a new student, and Blue soon meets the schoolmaster and adds communication with the schoolmaster. "In the evening there is a freshman reception ceremony at the hotel, you follow this address to the hotel. "The head of the school said the address to the blue cell phone. Blue didn't say anything to the schoolmaster, open the map navigation, not far from the destination. Underground transfer belt will be blue quickly brought to the hotel, he quickly check-in procedures, into the room, the room is not small, a dry clean comfortable bed, a red sofa, transparent coffee table placed tea sets, white cup simple and cordial, the bottom of the coffee table with plants, seems to smell a smell of grass and wood fragrance. On the walls hang series of television screens, equipped with stereoscopic game boxes, and on the other wall hangs an art poem, "Tombstone", di Ono's early work: Look through the deep rain alley I'm used to seeing the tide rise Listen to the call of the bell Looking forward to the station in the sunset but the ferry that docked for me. Maybe There's going to be a boat to shore for me. And the gravestone on the shore says Wait...... The poem, read several times by Lanmer, he could feel the emotion in the text. "Is it a love poem?" Blue asked himself. "The title is too sad, but the poem itself is very sad. " A room full of artistic atmosphere, Blue feel symhesia is a good omen, he likes literature, the school major is also the department of literature, he believes that he can shine in the temple of words, came to the earth, the lift saw the beautiful scenery, in the hotel, Di on the poetry, his future must have a close connection with literature, he believes. In the evening, the schoolmaster tiredly brought the last student to the hotel and entertained him with a hearty meal. The school master said: "I introduce myself, let everyone know who I am, my name is Yu Wei, I believe that fellow students know the school by the mountains and the sea of the geographical environment, spring flowers blooming, summer water clear bottom." " Everyone said and laughed back to the room, some students piled up to go to the beach to play. Blue entered the room, and when he was about to pull the curtains, he saw such a view: The red moon rose from the hills, and the clouds around it were hazy, opening windows, and there was no wind. Now the time is nearly 10 o'clock, the normal time to see the moon rising in the book is more than 6 o'clock. There was a sea of light lit by moonlight. The whole sea at the end of the light, like a star, that is the channel light, the end of the sea and the sky intersection, countless lights side by side, lighting the sea, vaguely can see the light of the clouds.

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yexirong · 6 years ago

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Armenian Stone Crosses in Gandzasar Monastery

Some researches about the movie HERE, translating by me with the writer’s approval to post.

Armenian Stone Crosses in Gandzasar Monastery

----Blog 1 in the “one morning one sentence” series (Part 1 of 2)

甘扎萨尔修道院的亚美尼亚十字碑

----一句英语耗掉一个清晨系列之一（上部）

“These stone crosses were hold after the bombardment of Azeris, after this war that you know about. ”

这些十字碑在阿塞拜疆的轰炸下幸存，就是那场你们都知道的战争。

In the 2011 movie “Here” (running time ~1hr 26min) [1], when Gadarine, the female lead, goes on a tour of a monastery, you might barely (or not at all) hear a tour guide talking in the background. Yet, out translation team put together two lines of conversation about stone crosses, and his talking triggered my OCD to search for more information.

在2001年的电影《这里》的一小时二十六分钟是，当，也就是女主角，参加了一个修道院的观光是，你可能很难（或者根本没有）听到一位导游在背景里说的话。但是我们的字幕组还是整理了两行关于十字碑的对话，而这些话引发了��的强迫症去搜集更多的相关资料。

In this post, I will cover three topics: the monastery at Gandzasar where those stone crosses mentioned in the movie are located at, what are Armenian stone crosses, and the most recent time when historical sites in Gandzasa were in danger.

在这一期里，我会谈论三个话题：电影里提到过的那个在有十字碑的甘扎萨尔修道院的位置，什么是亚美尼亚十字碑以及最近一段时间甘扎萨尔的那些历史名胜景点所面临的危险。

1. Monastery at Gandzasar

1、甘扎萨尔修道院

Gandzasar means “the treasure mountain” in Armenian. The movie aims to show the monastery as ancient and faded, matching a low point in the storyline, so the scene was shot on a cloudy day with the faded wall and the mold growing on it in clear view (Figure 1).

甘扎萨尔在亚美尼亚语中意思是“珍贵的时刻”。这部电影的目的在于展示古老，败落的修道院，配合了故事情节的低潮期，所以那一幕看上去是在一个阴天拍摄的，配合着褪色的墙壁何在清晰的视野中不断生长的青苔。（如图1）

Figure 1. Still frame from the movie “Here”. [1]

图片1 截自电影《这里》。

However, as a relatively famous tour spot, the monastery is not as depressing as it seems in the movie. Figure 2 is a picture of this monastery from Wikipedia. Its beauty under sunshine is absolutely stunning.

然而，作为一个相对著名的旅游景点，修道院并没有像电影里面看上去的那样令人压抑。图片2是来自维基百科的一张关于这个修道院的图。在阳光下它看起来美极了。

Figure 2. Monastery at Gandzasar from Wikipedia [2]

图2. 甘扎萨尔修道院，图片来自维基百科

The monastery was built to honor John the Baptist, starting in 1216, under the patronage of an Armenian prince [1]. The year of 1216 was also the ninth year of the Jiading period of the Song Dynasty in Chinese history, the year when Henry III became king of England, and the same year when Genghis Khan decided to start the ancient Mongolian "western conquering" [2]. The monastery was consecrated in 1240, estimated to be one year before Genghis Khan’s army reached the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia’s neighboring kingdoms and its own border [3]. This Kingdom had a history of being open, and it survived without Mongolian conquest for about a century by cooperating and intermarrying with its neighbors [4]. Although frequent warfare has occurred in the Armenian area since then, much of the medieval Armenian religion and art has survived.

修道院的建立是为了向施洗约翰表达��敬之情，于1216年在当时亚美尼亚国王的赞助下开工[1]（亚美尼亚于1991年起独立成为总统制的共和国）。1216那一年也是中国宋朝的嘉定九年，同时是亨利三世在英国称王的时期，在同一年，成吉思汗决定开始古蒙古的“西征”[2]。修道院在1240年时作为供奉神的地方，也就是在大约成吉思汗的军队抵达西里西亚王国的邻国亚美尼亚王国，并把它化为己有的一年前。这个王国曾经有过对外非常开放的历史，并且依靠着与邻国的合作及通婚从古蒙古过的征服中存活了下来。尽管从那之后亚美尼亚地区战乱频繁，但是仍有大量的中世纪亚美尼亚宗教与艺术相关的东西幸免于难。

The Armenian kingdom (much larger than Armenia’s current border) was the first on earth to set Christianity as a state religion in 301 AD, establishing the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is one of the oldest Christian branches. This branch does not believe in Miaphysitism like most others do [5]. They also celebrate a different birthday for Jesus (Epiphany Day) on January the 6th, not December the 25th.

亚美尼亚王国（远大于现在的亚美尼亚的边境）在公元301年建立了世界上第一个基督教国家，建立了亚美尼亚使徒教会，而这是世界上最古老的基督教分支。这个分支并不像其他分支那样相信一性论的教派。他们也会庆祝耶稣的另一个生日（主显节），也就是在一月六号，而不是十二月二十五号。

Armenian churches have unique architectural features as well. You might have remembered from the movie, that Gadarine stares at a very narrow vertical window for quite a while (Figure 3). This window design is one of the common features in Armenian architecture. Among many other features are pointed domes, sculptural decoration of external walls, and heavy use of stones. You can find these reoccurring features in Armenian churches built at different time points in the last millennium.

亚美尼亚教堂同样有着独特的建筑特色。你也许记得在电影当中，Gadarine盯着一个非常狭窄的垂直型庄户看了很久（如图3）。这个窗户是亚美尼亚建筑的特色之一。在其他众多的特点皆为拱形穹顶，外墙上有大量的雕塑装饰以及大量的运用石头。你可以发现在上个世纪的不同年代这些特点都在亚美尼亚的教堂建筑中有所重现。

Figure 3. Still frame from the movie “Here”. [1] “The semi-circular tops of the narrow windows (one apiece on the northern, southern and western sides) is（are） ornamented with deep flutes culminating in a fan-shaped decor.” [7] (If you are interested in Gandzasar Monastery, I strongly recommend you to read the reference [7].)

图片3. 截图来自电影《这里》[1] “这个狭窄窗户的半圆形顶部（在北面在北面、南面和西面各有一个）由在扇形装饰的边缘深深地”（如果你对甘扎萨尔修道院感兴趣的话，我强烈推荐你去看这个参考文本。[7]）

2. Armenian Stone Crosses

2、亚美尼亚十字碑

Another Armenian art that has survived through time are the cross-stones, which are referred as “stone crosses” by the tour guide in the movie. They are also known as the “khachkar”. (I was hoping this word would somehow be pronounced like “Khadgar”… but it’s not.) In 2010, their symbolism and craftsmanship were added to the UNESCO list of Intangible Cultural Heritage [8]. Figure 4 shows what some of the stones in Gandzasa Monastery look like.

另一个在时间的长河中幸存的亚美尼亚艺术品是十字碑，也就是电影当中提到的“刻有十字架的石头”。它们同样被称呼为“khachkar”（我曾经希望这个单词的发音类似于“卡德加”……但它并不是。）在2010年，他的象征意义以及工艺技术被联合国教科文组织添加到了非物质文化遗产名录当中[8]。图片4是一些甘扎萨尔修道院的十字碑的展示。

Figure 4. Armenian cross-stones in Gandzasa Monastery. [6]

图片4. 甘扎萨尔修道院的亚美尼亚十字碑。[6]

These stones are all very ancient. Like carved stones in other cultures, they were used to represent souls of the living or dead; celebrate war victories, or record of important constructions.

这些石头都非常古老。就像其他文化中的雕刻过的石头一样，他们曾经被用来代表生者或死者的灵魂、庆祝战争的胜利或者是那些重要建筑的剩余部分。

The cross, which carries the well-known Christian religious meaning, is usually the most obvious symbol and is located either simply in the middle, or centered at the gold ratio point close to the top of the stone. One can usually find leaves, grapes, and pomegranates surrounding the cross [8]. Remember Will (Ben Foster’s character) mentioned about seeing a pomegranate-yard during their hike? Pomegranates are the Armenian symbol of life. Armenians believe that each mature pomegranate has 365 seeds, representing each day of the year [9]. Similarly, in our own culture, the seeds of pomegranate symbolize fertility and can be found on blankets, bed nets, or anything being used by the wife (wives) of a family. On the more ancient cross-stones, I find it hard to recognize pomegranates, because they usually look more like a testicle than a kind of fruit.

这个背负着广为人知的基督教宗教意义的十字架通常是最显著的标志，而且要么位于正中央，要么是位于石头顶部的黄金分割点的中央。而且一般可以看到十字架由叶子，葡萄和石榴包围着。还记得Will（由Ben Forster饰演）提到过的关于他们在远行途中看到过一个石榴园吗？石榴在亚美尼亚是生命的象征。亚美尼亚人相信每一个成熟的石榴有365颗种子，分别代表着一年当中的每一天。相似的，在我们自己的文化当中，石榴种子象征着香火旺盛，在被子，床单以及其他女性用品上我们都可以找到它。我发现在更加古老的十字碑上很难区分出来石榴，因为它们通常看起来更像是睾丸而不是某种水果。

For example, Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the stone at the most right, and you can find four pomegranates pointing towards the center of the cross. (Please do correct me if these four are not pomegranates, because this is only my guess.) The cross-stone in Figure 6 is also from the Gandzasar Monastery, and you can find two piles of grapes hanging from the top, pointing towards the horizontal line of the cross at each side respectively.

举个栗子来说，图5是一个石头右侧的放大图，而你可以发现四个石榴都指向了中间的十字架。（就算我看错了也请不要纠正我，因为这只是我的猜测。）图6的十字碑同样来自于甘扎萨尔修道院，而且你可以找到两挂挂在顶上葡萄，分别指都指向十字架的水平线。

Figure 5. Enlarged image of one khachkar at Gandzasar Monastery [6]

图5. 一个甘扎萨尔修道院的十字碑的放大图[6]。

Figure 6. A large 13th-century khachkar at Gandzasar Monastery [10]

图6 . 甘扎萨尔修道院里一个巨大的13世纪的十字碑[10]

3. The Danger

3. 修道院所面临的危险

Beside time and fungus, the stones face human danger as well. You might remember that in the movie, at the border of Nagorno-Karabakh (Figure 7) (Karabakh from here on), Ben Foster’s character has a difficult time negotiating with the soldiers. The tension is due to regional political conflicts, including frequent wars in the past several hundred years [11], up to the 1990s. I will try to cover a bit more on the recent wars and their background in the second half of this blog, but here let us take a look at the dangers faced by the Gandzasar Monastery in particular, starting with “the bombardment of Azeri(s)” mentioned by the tour guide.

除了时间和真菌之外，这些石头同样面临着来自人类的威胁。你也许记得在电影当中，在纳戈尔诺-卡拉巴赫（阿塞拜疆共和国自治州）的边境（如图7卡拉巴赫的位置），Ben Foster饰演的角色在与士��们的谈判中有一段非常艰难的时期。其中的压力来源于当地的政治矛盾，包括在过去几百年中频繁爆发的战争，一直持续到二十世纪九十年代。我会争取在文章剩余的后半部分尽量多说一些近期的战争和它们的背景，但是在这请允许我们先看一下甘扎萨尔修道院��面临的危险，从由（电影中的）导游提出的“阿塞拜疆的轰炸”开始。

Figure 7. The location of Karabakh on a world map. Armenia is adjacent to its west and Azerbaijani to its east. [11]

图7. 世界地图上卡拉巴赫的位置。亚美尼亚在它的西边而阿塞拜疆在它的东边。

In the autumn of 1991, Azerbaijani bombed Karabakh, while peace mediating teams from surrounding countries and political powers were working hard towards a peace agreement. The bombardment undoubtedly ruined the potential for peace in Karabakh. During the bombardment, one Father Superior’s house inside of the Gandzasar Monastery was destroyed. An unexploded bomb was later found at the north area (Figure 8) near the wall. As far as I could tell, that is the same wall as where all the cross-stones are located.

在1991年的秋天，阿塞拜疆哄着了卡拉巴赫，就在周边国家都在达成和平调停，各方政治力量都在致力于达成和平契约的时候。这场轰炸毋庸置疑的摧毁了卡拉巴赫达成和平的可能性。在轰炸期间，一位修道院院长位于甘扎萨尔修道院所内的房屋被炸毁了。一段时间后一颗未引爆的炸弹在北边靠近墙的地方被找到了。我可以说的是，那就是所有的十字碑所在的那堵墙。

Figure 8. The unexploded bomb at Gandzasar [12]

The walls in Gandzasar Monastery and many other Armenian churches survived the bombing, but they are now facing an “improvement”, which may just be equivalently dangerous. Well-funded businessmen from Russia and Karabakh have invested millions of dollars for the tiling of the monastic complex walls (Figure 9). This “facelift” project has drawn wide public controversy. From young activists on Facebook to the head of the government Tourism Department, people have argued the rebuilding of war-torn Karabakh is destroying historical and cultural values, as well as violating rules of UNESCO and leaving the current heritage certifications of those historical sites in question [13]. However, there are also people who work for the churches, and believe that the main value of the monasteries relies on their inner culture, not on the decoration, and therefore the tiling should not be a huge concern. They also pointed out that the current walls were not genuine either, due to the multiple reconstructions throughout Armenian history. The group directing the tiling project has told media that unless the wall (which has already survived bombing, time, and fungus for hundreds years) is fortified, it will collapse soon [13]. According to the media, this project should have been finished two or three years ago, but I cannot find images of what the monastery looks like now. If you have recently visited the area, please let us know more about the changes.

甘扎萨尔修道院的那些墙和其他大量的亚美尼亚教堂从爆炸中幸存了下来，但是它们现在面临着一个所谓“改善”，而这可能和爆炸一样危险。来自俄罗斯和卡拉巴赫的有钱的商人已经在往修道院复杂的墙上贴瓷砖投资了数百万美金（如图9）。这场“整容手术”项目已经引发了广泛的社会讨论。从脸书上那些年轻的积极分子到政府旅游局的领导，人们对修复卡拉巴赫战争区的修复会破坏历史及文化价值争论不休，不仅违背了联合国教科文组织的规定，而且还将把现存的名胜古迹的遗产认证留在一堆疑问里。而然，还有一些为教堂工作的人相信，修道院的核心价值存在于他们的内部文化当中，而不是在着谢装饰品中，因此哪些瓷砖并不是一个大问题。他们还指出，因为亚美尼亚历史上多次对墙体的修复，这些墙也并非最原始的。领导贴瓷砖项目的团队和媒体说，除非这堵墙（一堵已经从爆炸、时间和真菌中幸存了几百年的呛）被加强了，不然的话他很快就会坍塌的[13]。根据媒体的说法，这一项目应该在两到三年前就结束了，但是我未能找到现在的修道院的图片。如果你们近期参观过这一区域，请告诉我们那里发生的变化。

Figure 9. Gandzasar Facelift: Vandalism or Restoration? [13]

图9. 甘扎萨尔整形手术：破坏还是修复？[13]

I will pause this first Blog here, and continue the second half next week. The focus of the second half will be more about the regional tension between Armenia, Karabakh and Azerbaijan, and also about how the Soviet collapse influenced this area and the people, just as was referenced in the movie.

这篇文章就暂时写到这里，剩下的一半下周继续。剩余的一半将聚焦于更多亚美尼亚、卡拉巴赫和阿塞拜疆现存的压力，同时也会说到电影中提到的苏维埃政权的垮台对这一区域及人民带来的影响。

Of note：

Many thanks to the members of the translation group for Ben Foster [14], especially to those contributed to the translation of “Here”. Sincere thanks to 格兰芬多某学生’s translation of my writing, and thanks to my husband for proof reading.

小记：

非常非常感谢Ben Foster字幕组的成员们，尤其是那些对翻译《这里》有所贡献的成员。真诚的感��格兰芬多某学生对我的写作的翻译，同样也非常感谢我丈夫的校对。

References:

[1] Bilibili link to the movie “Here”: http://www.bilibili.com/video/av5370641/

[2] Accessed on July 29th, 2016. (VPN needed)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gandzasar_monastery

[3] Xiaodan Chen (2013). 中国历史博览第四卷. 青苹果数据中心出版

[4] Lococo, Paul (2008). Genghis Khan: History's Greatest Empire Builder. Washington, D.C.: Potomac Books.

[5] Accessed on July 29th, 2016. (VPN needed)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_Apostolic_Church

[6] Accessed on July 29th, 2016.

http://www.panoramio.com/photo/30130824

[7] Accessed on July 29th, 2016. (VPN needed)

http://www.armeniapedia.org/wiki/Gandzasar_Monastery

[8] Accessed on July 29th, 2016. (VPN needed)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khachkar

[9] Accessed on July 29th, 2016.

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/507851295462077483/?from_navigate=true

[10] Accessed on July 29th, 2016. (VPN needed)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khachkar#Endangered_khachkars

[11] Accessed on July 29th, 2016. (VPN needed)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh_Republic

[12] Accessed on July 29th, 2016. (VPN needed)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Gandzasar

[13] Accessed on July 29th, 2016.

https://www.armenianow.com/arts_and_culture/31002/gandzasar_karabakh_church_fence_tiling_controversy

[14] 大头要红本福字幕组http://weibo.com/u/5973779194?refer_flag=1005055013_

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