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my-deer-history · 7 months

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Francis Kinloch in the Müller-Bonstetten letters (and others): Part 5

More translations, taken from various sources (here, here, here and here). The letters are to Bonstetten unless otherwise noted. Biographical details sourced from Kinloch of South Carolina.

13 May 1780

Because of Mr Kinloch, I am filled with joy and dread. Dread, because his city has been besieged by 10,000 men with a great deal of artillery; joy, because he has married a very amiable and wealthy woman*. I receive regular letters from his brother; his own are often lost due to the perils of war.

*Kinloch’s first wife was Mildred Walker, though it seems they were only married on 22 Feb 1781. She died in Nov 1784.

9 Sept 1780

Kinloch, after having performed bravely in various engagements, was wounded in the arm, whereupon South Carolina unanimously elected him as a delegate to the Continental Congress; he sits with his colleagues in Philadelphia, not very peacefully, I think.

11 Aug 1781

I spent two days sorting more than 500 letters that came from Geneva along with my books. Memories of Kinloch, Nassau, Bonnet, Tronchin, Boone, Knight, Sandys, Abbot sweetened the work

7 Dec 1782, to his mother

I have largely been happy with my life up until now: but almost never on the path that I intended to take. Twelve years ago, I wished to marry*, and to live in Schaffhausen on a few professorships; I then had various plans for England and Flanders; at one point, the greatest and best thing seemed to me to witness the blossoming and progress of a new free country with Kinloch, and the serve a free people in war and peace;

*Original annotation: The desire lasted only a few days.

January 1784

It is neither my place to compare myself with such writers nor to scorn what God has given me: but after almost losing many years of my early youth, the 33rd [year] is finally here, but in an occupation to which I was not suited, the 24th and 25th I spent with Kinloch, leaving me little time for my own studies of friendship and duty

9 Aug 1786

Nothing else has changed in my household, except that Mr Boone, Kinloch’s former guardian and governor of South Carolina, has sent his son here, and he is living with me; he does not take up any of my time, as I only see him at mealtimes; he is an amiable officer, who was also very popular at Aschaffenburg.*

*A town in Bavaria.

20 Feb 1801

In my letter writing, I had to ensure that there was also a reply to Kinloch in South Carolina. Do you remember the noble youth? Now he is a grandfather;* he lives happily besides and I have just read an excellent essay of his about the character of the revolution.**

*Kinloch’s daughter, Eliza Kinloch Nelson, gave birth to a son called Francis in 1800.

**From context, the French rather than American revolution.

7 Jan 1803

Not enjoyable, as you can see, but rather tender in its sufferings and joys was the transition into my 52nd year. On that birthday I wrote to South Carolina, responding to two of Kinloch’s letters, full of spirit and love.

22 Oct 1803

I already wrote to you that Kinloch has arrived in Bordeaux and will soon be in Geneva; he wrote to me at once in such a brotherly way, rejoiced at the long-awaited reunion, and for a few days took me back to the charming dreams of my youth! I answered him immediately; we shall see each other in the coming year. If nothing unusual happens, I can easily get a few months' leave; should it not be possible from this or that perspective, then the one who has crossed the ocean and all of France will also make these 60 posts himself.

25 Jan 1804

Write to me in Dresden at once. If the world quietens, or at least does not continue to burn, I hope to visit you and Kinloch in the summer.

18 June 1804

To Geneva, first, came the most beautiful letters from Berlin, gracious, joyful, inducing longing. Then Kinloch’s embrace! he is as he was; slightly fatter; his heart noble, as before; a husband, like you; a caring father; a faithful brother; a morally perfect person.

13 May 1780

Ich bin wegen Hrn. Kinloch in großer Freude und Furcht. In Furcht, weil seine Stadt von 10,000 Mann mit vieler Artillerie belagert wird; in Freude, weil er eine sehr liebenswürdige und reiche Frau geheirathet hat. Von seinem Bruder bekomme ich öftere Briefe; die seinigen gehen durch die Kriegsgefahren häufig verlohren.

9 Sept 1780

Kinloch, nachdem er sich in verschiedenen Treffen tapfer gehalten, ist am Arm verwundet worden, worauf Südcarolina ihn einmüthig zum Deputirten auf den Generalcongreß erwählt hat; er sitzt mit seinen Collegen zu Philadelphia, nicht eben ruhig, denke ich.

11 Aug 1781

Zwei Tage sind mir über der Anordnung von mehr als 500 Briefen, die nebst meinen Büchern aus Genf gekommen sind, verflossen. Manche Erinnerung an Kinloch, Nassau, Bonnet, Tronchin, Boone, Knight, Sandys, Abbot, versüßte die Arbeit

7 Dec 1782, to his mother

Ich bin in meinem Leben bis dahin meist glücklich gewesen: fast nie aber auf dem Weg, den ich gehen wollte. Vor zwölf Jahren wünschte ich zu heirathen*, und mit ein Paar Professorstellen zu Schaffhausen zu leben; ich hatte nachmals auf England und Flandern verschiedene Plane; einst schien mir das größte und beste, mit Kinloch dem Aufblühen und Fortgang eines neuen Freistaates beizuwohnen, und im Krieg und Frieden einem freien Volk zu dienen;

*Der Wunsch dauerte nur wenige Tage.

January 1784

Es kömmt weder mir zu, mich solchen Schriftstellern zu vergleichen oder zu verachten, was Gott auch mir gegeben: aber nachdem ich viele Jahre der ersten Jugend fast verloren, das 33ste endlich hier, aber in einer Beschäftigung, für die ich nicht war, das 24ste und 25ste mit Kinloch, so daß mir für eigene Studien von Freundschaft und Pflicht wenige Zeit gelassen wurde

9 Aug 1786

In meinem Hauswesen hat sich weiter nichts verändert, als daß Hr. Boone, Kinloch's ehmaliger Vormund, und von Südcarolina Gouverneur, seinen Sohn' hieher gesandt, welcher bei mir wohnt; Zeit kostet er mir keine, da ich nur bei Tafel ihn sehe; er ist ein liebenswürdiger Officier, der auch zu Aschaffenburg sehr wohl gefallen.

20 Feb 1801

Von meiner Briefschreibung muß ich nachholen, daß auch nach Südcarolina an Kinloch eine Antwort dabei war. Erinnerst du dich des edlen Jünglings? Nun ist er Großvater; lebt übrigens glücklich und ich habe so eben einen vortrefflichen Aufsatz über den Charakter der Revolution von ihm gelesen.

7 Jan 1803

Nicht lustig war, wie du siehst, aber zärtlich in Leiden und Freuden der Uebergang in mein 52stes Jahr. An dem Geburtstag wurde nach Südcarolina geschrieben, auf zwei Briefe Kinloch's voll Geist und Liebe.

22 Oct 1803

Schrieb ich dir schon, daß Kinloch zu Bordeaux angekommen ist und nun zu Genf seyn wird; wie brüderlich er mir sogleich schrieb, des lang ersehnten Wiedersehens frohlockte, und für einige Tage mich ganz in der Jugend holde Trăume zurück versehte! Ich habe ihm sogleich geantwortet; sehen werden wir uns im zukünftigen Jahr. Wenn nichts besonderes eintritt, so kann ich Urlaub auf ein paar Monate leicht erhalten; sollte es aus der oder der Betrachtung nicht seyn können, so wird der über das Weltmeer und ganz Frankreich Hergekommene auch diese 60 Posten selbst noch machen.

25 Jan 1804

Nach Dresden schreibe mir sogleich. Wenn die Welt ruhig, oder doch nicht weiterhin entflammt wird, so hoffe ich auf den Sommer Euch und Kinloch zu besuchen.

18 June 1804

Zu Genf erstlich die schönsten Briefe von Berlin, gnädig, freudevoll, sehnsuchterregend. Dann Kinloch's Umarmung! er ist, wie er war; etwas fetter; sein Herz edel, wie vorhin; ein Gatte, wie du; ein sorgsamer Vater; ein treuer Bruder; ein moralisch vollkommener Mensch.

#francis kinloch #johannes von müller #karl viktor von bonstetten #18th century history #queer history #“the desire lasted only a few days” 😭

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sagnuts95 · 1 year

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Pr6 Thomas Prather III

Thomas Prather III was the son of Colonel Thomas Prather Pr7 of Frederick County, Maryland and his 3rd wife, Jeannette Smiley.

Born: December 2, 1770, Frederick County, Maryland.

Died: February 3, 1823, in Louisville, Kentucky. Buried in Cave Hill Cemetery, in stone sarcaphogus.

Married: February 12, 1800, to Matilda Fontaine Fo6 in Jefferson County, Kentucky Appendix to page Pr6 Miscellaneous items concerning Thomas Prather III

Thomas Prather was one of Louisville's first merchants, having opened a store there as early as 1794. He was successful and rich was well known for his philanthropies. Prather Street was named for him and later became Broadway.

Prather was president of the first bank in Louisville, the old Bank of Kentucky, which he opened on January 1, 1812, and which did business on Main Street, near Fifth. When the bank suspended specie payments he resigned his office with the remark: "I can preside over no institution which declines to meet its engagements promptly and to the letter"

Ho gave five acres and Guthbert Bullit gave three to the city for a hospital site in 1817. The property for the hospital site was given with the proviso that it should revert to the Prather and Bullit heirs if used for any other purpose.

The Prather residence stood in Prather Square, the block bounded by 3rd and 4th, Walnut and Green; Walnut taking its name from the fine row of Walnut trees on the South side of the house. The House was built by Judge Fortunatus Cosby who married Mary Ann Fontaine, Mrs. Pratherï¿½s sister.

It was on the way home from Philadelphia where he had been on business that Prather met a young man, John J. Jacob, of Hampshire County, Virginia, starting out "to seek his fortune. He urged Jacob to come to Louisville, and afterward took him into partnership, forming the firm of Prather and Jacob.

John J. Jacob married, Ann Overton Fontaine and built a home across Walnut Street from his brother-in-law Pratherï¿½ s home, where the Pendennis Club was in 1948.

(It is said that the Prather grave yard was on the south side of the square, where Macauley's Theatre was. It is also said by one of the descendants, who is not definite, that the bodies were removed from there. This seems probable. For instance, the bodies of Thomas Prather and his wife, who died in 1823 and 1850 respectively, are both buried. in Cave Hill Cemetery, which was established in 1848.) .

Thomas and Matilda Prather's daughters all married prominent Kentuckians. The Jouett portrait of Thomas Prather is owned by his great-great-granddaughter, Mrs. J. Barbour Minnegerode.

The above sketch, except for the paragraph in parentheses, is paraphrased from an old newspaper article from:, "Louisville' s First Families", one of a series of genealogical sketches. The date and name of the newspaper are not given. It is probably the one by Kathleen Jennings, who published a book called Louisville' s First Families. A copy was owned by Mrs. George Nicholas (Ni3-5).

Prather Coat of Arms

Pr5-1 James Smiley Prather (1801 - ,?)

Pr5-2 William Prather b 8/9 FEB 1804 in Louisville d 27 Aug 1876 in Louisville bur Cave Hill Cem

m 1 DEC 1835 Penelope E. Pope b c 1815 in Louisville Ky dau of: +1 Alexander Pope Po7- b c 1772 in Va and Martha Minor Fontaine b 14 MAR 1785 in Va d 18 Mar 1848 Louisville bur Cave Hill Cem

Pr5-2-1 Kate Prather.

m Orville Winston.

Pr5-2-2 Sue Prather.

m John Zanone.

Pr5-2-3 Matilda 'Maddie' Prather b 22 NOV 1843 in Louisville d 5 Dec 1894 in Louisville

m Goldsborough Robinson b: 25 MAR 1845 in Louisville

Pr5-2-4 Julia Clay Prather b 27 Feb 1838 in Louisville, d 18 Jan 1866 in Louisville

Pr5-2-5 Martha Pope Prather was born on 7 May 1844 in Louisville d 10 Feb 1850 in Louisville

Pr5-2-6 Penelope "Eppie" Prather b 1849 in Louisville d 1926 in Louisville

Pr5-2-7 Margaret Prather was born in 1849 in Louisville, Jefferson Co., KY. She died in 1919 in Louisville, Jefferson Co., KY. Margaret married John Luse.

Pr5-2-8 Maria Prather b 19 Feb 1846 in Louisville d 21 Nov 1847 in Louisville

Pr5-3 Mary Jane Prather 11 Aug 1809 d 7 Oct 1883 in Louisville

m1 Dr. Charles M. Way b 25 Dec 1800 d 8 Apr 1873 in Louisville,

m2 Worden Pope Churchill b 16 JUN 1804 in Louisville Ky d 3 JUL 1830 in Louisville son of Goldsborough Robinson b 8 FEB 1819 and Frances Ann Lee b: 30 JUN 1816 in Virginia -1 W. H. Way was born on 29 Jun 1838. He died on 11 Feb 1883 in Louisville

-2 Worden P. Churchill Jr. b 27 Jan 1830 in Louisville d 6 Apr 1916 in Louisville

Pr5 Pr5 Matilda Prather (1811 ï¿½ 1847 ?)

m 1829, Louisville, Kentucky to Judge S. S. Nicholas Ni4-1 Mary Jane Nicholas [1830-? ) married Graves

Ni4 George Nicholas (1831-1896) m1 Emma Hawes, m2 Mary Anna Pope

Ni4-3 Thomas Prather Nicholas , (1833-1870)

Ni4-4 Matilda Nicho1as (1835-1921) married Hon P Barrett of MO

Ni4-5 Hetty Nicholas (1837-1838)

Ni4-6 Julia Nicholas (1839-1907) married Maj. James Johnson, C.S.A.

Ni4-7 Margharetta Nicholas (1842-1905) married Thomas

Ni4-8 Samuel Smith Nicholas (1844- ?)

Pr5-5 Maria Julia Prather b 16 May 1814 in Louisville d 13 Feb 1840 in Louisville bur Cave Hill

m 10 Oct 1832 Henry Clay Jr. b 1811 d 22 Feb 1847 in Battle of Buena Vista, Mexico -1 Henry Clay III b 20 Jul 1833 d 5 Jun 1862 in Louisville of Typhoid Fever.

-2 Matilda Clay b 30 Jan 1835 d Bordeaux, FRA.

-3 Martha Clay b about 1836.

-4 Anne Clay b 14 Feb 1837 m Henry McDowell inherited "Ashland" nnear Lexington Ky, the home of Sen Henry Clay Sr..

-5 Thomas Julian Clay b 30 Jan 1840 Major in CSA d 12 Oct 1863 in Atlanta, GA (Typhoid fever).

Pr5-6 Catherine Cornelia Prather b 28 Sep 1816 d 28 Sep 1844 in Louisville bur Cave Hill

m on 2 Mar 1841 Preb. Rev. Edward Porter Humphrey in Louisville b 28 Jan 1809 d 9 Dec 1887 in Louisville, native of Connecticut Pres of Amherst College. He m2 Martha Pope, a daughter of Alexander Pope and Martha Fontaine, who was the widow of her cousin, Charles Pope. -1 Edward William Cornelius Humphrey

-2 Adies Humphrey b 28 Jan 1842 in Louisville d 21 Nov 1843 in Louisville -1-1 Edward P Humphrey

-1-2 Lewis C Humphrey

-1-3 Dr Heman Humphrey

4th and Walnut Street in Louisville today

Sources:

Bible Record given by Mrs. Julia. Robinson Hardy to Mrs. George Nicholas (Ni3-5).

Records from Tombstones - Cave Hill Cemetery, Louisville, Ky.

Records of family in Louisville's First Families, by Kathleen Jennings.

The Prather Family. Chapter III.

A PUBLIC - SPIRITED citizen identified with the growth of Louisville no less than with the social life of his day was Thomas Prather, born in Maryland in 1770, of English extraction. He crossed the Wilderness Trail to seek his fortune in the new country and as one of the city's first merchants, having opened a store here as early as 1794. Success marked his every venture and riches poured in upon him. He was the capitalist of his day, and famed for his philanthropies. Broadway, for many years Prather street, was named for him. Prather was president of the first bank in Louisville, the old Bank of Kentucky, which he opened on January 1, 1812, and which did business on Main street near Fifth. When the bank suspended specie payments he resigned his office with the remark:

"I can preside over no institution which declines to meet its engagements promptly and to the letter."

His generosity in contributing to charitable and civic endeavors won for him the title of "Oh, put me down for the balance," Prather. He gave five acres and Cuthbert Bullitt gave three to the city for a hospital site in 1817. Interested in the general welfare, Prather and Bullitt served on many committees together. With Peter F. Ormsby they were appointed by the Board of Trustees, in 1820, to purchase suitable fire engines (two or three), for the use of the city.

The property for the hospital site was given with the proviso that it should revert to the Prather and Bullitt heirs if used for any other purpose. When the new million dollar City Hospital was planned a change of site was considered until the deeds were looked up and disclosed this restriction. One of the numerous Prather heirs recounting the incident said "It looked for a time as if I might have fifty dollars for a new frock."

Thomas Prather was married in 1800 to Matilda Fontaine, a daughter of Capt. Aaron Fontaine, one of the pretty Miss Fontaines, as they were called, though they were also known as the alphabet Fontaines there were so many of them. Matilda and her eight sisters were all famous for their beauty and intellectuality, and all married distinguished men. From Matilda Fontaine is supposed to come the fresh blonde prettiness of the Prather women.

The Prather residence stood in Prather square, the block bounded by Third and Fourth, Walnut and Green, Walnut street taking its name from the fine row of walnut trees on the south side of the house. This house was built by Judge Fortunatus Cosby, who married Mrs. Prather's sister, Mary Ann Fontaine.

It was on the way home from Philadelphia where he had been on business that Prather met a young man, John J. Jacob, of Hampshire county, Virginia, starting out to seek his fortune. He urged Jacob to come to Louisville, and afterward took the young gentleman into partnership, forming the firm of Prather & Jacob. John J. Jacob married Ann Overton Fontaine and built a home across Walnut street from his brother-in-law Prather's home, where the Pendennis Club is today.

Thomas and Matilda Prather had six children, two sons and four daughters. James Smiley Prather married Louisa Martin and their children were: Mary (Mrs. George Robinson Hunt) and Blanche (Mrs. Edward Mitchell). Mrs. Hunt, who died not long ago, has two daughters in Louisville-Ellen Pope Hunt, the wife of George Weissinger Smith, and Kate Hunt, who married Samuel Hutchings. The other son, William Prather, married his first cousin, Penelope Pope, the daughter of Alexander Pope, whose wife was Martha Fontaine. This marriage establishes a wide connection of families socially prominent. William and Penelope Prather had seven daughters: Kate, who married Orville Winston; Sue, who is Mrs. John Zanone; Matilda, who married Goldsborough Robinson; Julia and Martha, who died young, and the twins, Penelope and Margaret, the latter, Mrs. John Luce, and her sister, better known as Miss Eppie Prather, the only descendant with the surname, Prather. Mrs. William B. Hardy and Humphrey Robinson are the children of Goldsborough and Matilda Robinson, who live here. Mrs. Alex P. Witty and Prather Zanone are the daughter and son of Mrs. Zanone. The daughters of Kate and Orville Winston were Penelope (Mrs. Ernest Allis), the mother of Mrs. William B. Harrison, and Kate (Mrs. Frederick Hussey), the mother of Mrs. Barbour Minnigerode, Mrs. Arthur H. Middleton, Mrs. Thomas Jefferson, of Springfield, Mass., and Mabel Hussey, of Paris.

Thomas and Matilda Prather's daughters all married prominent Kentuckians. Mary Jane Prather married Worden P. Churchill, and after his death married Dr. Charles M. Way. Her sons were Worden P. Churchill and W. H. Way.

Matilda Prather married Samuel Smith Nicholas, the distinguished lawyer and jurist. Their handsome home was on Fifth street between Chestnut and Walnut. Their daughter, Julia, Mrs. James C. Johnston, lives with her daughter, Miss Mary Johnston, at Fourth and Broadway. Their sons, George and Samuel Smith Nicholas, have a number of descendants here. George Nicholas married Emma Hawes and had a daughter, Tina Nicholas. who married John Churchill. The son of Mr. and Mrs. John Churchill is John Churchill, who married Lucy Jones.

By a second marriage to Mary Anna Pope, George Nicholas had ten children. One son, George Nicholas, who married Evelyn Thompson, lives in Crescent Hill, and another son, Pope Nicholas, lives in Shelbyville, but is in business in Louisville.

Samuel Smith Nicholas, Jr., who married Nannie Carter, daughter of Capt. Frank Carter, has two daughters in Louisville this winter, Emma Nicholas and Mrs. Harry Lee Williams, although the latter's home is in Chicago.

Maria Julia Prather married Henry Clay, Jr., the son of the Great Commoner, and her daughter, Nannie Clay, now Mrs. Henry McDowell, inherited Ashland, near Lexington, the home of Henry Clay.

Catherine Cornelia Prather married the Presbyterian minister, the Rev. Edward P. Humphrey. their son being the late E. W. C. Humphrey, father of Edward P. Humphrey, Lewis C. Humphrey and Dr. Heman Humphrey. Dr. Humphrey, who was a native of Connecticut and the son of a distinguished minister, the president of Amherst College, had as his charge a church in Jeffersonville at the time of his marriage to Miss Prather. Later he was minister of the old Second Presbyterian church, and this church granted him a leave of absence of eight months to go abroad after his wife's death. In 1847 he was married to Martha Pope, a daughter of Alexander Pope and Martha Fontaine, who was the widow of her cousin, Charles Pope. Dr. Humphrey and his wife, Martha Pope, had one son, Judge Alexander Pope Humphrey.

Capt. Basil Prather, born in 1740 in Maryland, was an elder half-brother of Thomas Prather. He fought through the Revolutionary war, declining any pay for his services, and later came to Louisville. He has been described as exceedingly handsome, six feet three inches tall and of cordial and engaging manners. He is numbered among the commissioners of Louisville in 1790, and owned farm land near Louisville and in other parts of the State, bequeathed to his heirs on which they settled.

At a ball given in the fort built on the site of Jeffersonville he met Fanny Meriwether, of the pioneer family, and shortly afterward they were married. His bride was years younger than himself. They settled on a farm in the Bluegrass district, living in opulence. Their daughter, Martha Meriwether Prather, married Dr. Warwick Miller, a son of Judge Isaac Miller, of Pennsylvania, who was an early settler.

Capt. Prather died in 1803.

Richard Prather, another member of the Maryland family to settle here, was one of the "City fathers," being elected a trustee of the town of Louisville in 1797. His wife was Mary Churchill, a daughter of Armistead and Elizabeth Bakewell Churchill, of Virginia, who were among the prominent pioneers of 1787. Eliza Prather, the daughter of Richard and Mary Prather, became the wife of James Guthrie, that distinguished citizen, the founder of the L. & N. James and Eliza Guthrie had two daughters, Ann Augusta and Mary Guthrie, both of whom married and have descendants here.

Ann Augusta Guthrie married Dr. William Caldwell, and was the mother of James Guthrie Caldwell, who married Nannie Standiford; of Junius Caldwell, who married Ella Payne, of Georgetown; and of Ann Eliza Caldwell, who married Ernest Norton, and was the mother of Caldwell Norton.

Mary Guthrie married Richard Coke, of Logan county, and has a grandson, Dr. Richard Coke, who makes Louisville his home.

Mary Guthrie married a second time, John Caperton, and was the mother of John H. Caperton, who married Virginia Standiford, and has a son, Hugh John Caperton, whose wife was Dorothy Bonnie.

Following her first husband's death, Mary Churchill Prather married Alexander Scott Bullitt, this being his second marriage also.

Extraneous Prather data:

Bourbon Co. Kentucky:

tombstone inscriptions for the Paris Cemetery, Paris, Kentucky, preceeding 1912.

Prather, J. F., born 1871 - died 1905

Prather, George W., born 1840 - died 1909

Prather, Elizah K., born 1837 - died 1901

Apparently two brothers and the son of one of them.

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brookstonalmanac · 3 months

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Events 7.6 (before 1900)

371 BC – The Battle of Leuctra shatters Sparta's reputation of military invincibility. 640 – Battle of Heliopolis: The Muslim Arab army under 'Amr ibn al-'As defeat the Byzantine forces near Heliopolis (Egypt). 1253 – Mindaugas is crowned King of Lithuania. 1348 – Pope Clement VI issues a papal bull protecting the Jews accused of having caused the Black Death. 1411 – Ming China's Admiral Zheng He returns to Nanjing after the third treasure voyage and presents the Sinhalese king, captured during the Ming–Kotte War, to the Yongle Emperor. 1415 – Jan Hus is condemned by the assembly of the council in the Konstanz Cathedral as a heretic and sentenced to be burned at the stake. 1438 – A temporary compromise between the rebellious Transylvanian peasants and the noblemen is signed in Kolozsmonostor Abbey. 1483 – Richard III and Anne Neville are crowned King and Queen of England. 1484 – Portuguese sea captain Diogo Cão finds the mouth of the Congo River. 1495 – First Italian War: Battle of Fornovo: Charles VIII defeats the Holy League. 1536 – The explorer Jacques Cartier lands at St. Malo at the end of his second expedition to North America. He returns with none of the gold he expected to find. 1557 – King Philip II of Spain, consort of Queen Mary I of England, sets out from Dover to war with France, which eventually resulted in the loss of the city of Calais, the last English possession on the continent, and Mary I never seeing her husband again. 1560 – The Treaty of Edinburgh is signed by Scotland and England. 1573 – Córdoba, Argentina, is founded by Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera. 1573 – French Wars of Religion: Siege of La Rochelle ends. 1614 – Raid on Żejtun: The south east of Malta, and the town of Żejtun, suffer a raid from Ottoman forces. This was the last unsuccessful attempt by the Ottomans to conquer the island of Malta. 1630 – Thirty Years' War: Four thousand Swedish troops under Gustavus Adolphus land in Pomerania, Germany. 1685 – Battle of Sedgemoor: Last battle of the Monmouth Rebellion. Troops of King James II defeat troops of James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth. 1751 – Pope Benedict XIV suppresses the Patriarchate of Aquileia and establishes from its territory the Archdiocese of Udine and Gorizia. 1777 – American Revolutionary War: Siege of Fort Ticonderoga: After a bombardment by British artillery under General John Burgoyne, American forces retreat from Fort Ticonderoga, New York. 1779 – Battle of Grenada: The French defeat British naval forces in the Caribbean during the American Revolutionary War. 1791 – At Padua, the Emperor Leopold II calls on the monarchs of Europe to join him in demanding the king of France Louis XVI's freedom. 1801 – First Battle of Algeciras: Outnumbered French Navy ships defeat the Royal Navy in the fortified Spanish port of Algeciras. 1809 – The second day of the Battle of Wagram; France defeats the Austrian army in the largest battle to date of the Napoleonic Wars. 1854 – The Republican Party of the United States held its first convention in Jackson, Michigan. 1885 – Louis Pasteur successfully tests his vaccine against rabies on Joseph Meister, a boy who was bitten by a rabid dog. 1887 – David Kalākaua, monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii, is forced to sign the Bayonet Constitution, which transfers much of the king's authority to the Legislature of the Kingdom of Hawaii. 1892 – Three thousand eight hundred striking steelworkers engage in a day-long battle with Pinkerton agents during the Homestead Strike, leaving ten dead and dozens wounded.

#Events

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cmonbartender · 3 months

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Details of Portrait of Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck and his family (1801-02) - Pierre-Paul Prud'hon

#painting #pierre paul prud'hon #1800s #rutger jan schimmelpenninck #rijksmuseum #flower #g

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rotterdamvanalles · 4 months

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Lijn 61 op de 2e Rosestraat, 23 juni 1965.

De 2e Rosestraat is vernoemd naar Willem Nicolaas Rose, 1801-1877, van 1839 tot 1855 directeur en van 1855 tot 1877 ingenieur van gemeentewerken. Van hem zijn onder meer de eerste plannen voor havenuitbreiding op Feijenoord afkomstig. Tevens is hij de ontwerper van het Waterproject en van het Ziekenhuis aan de Coolsingel. De Rose-Spoorstraat loopt van de Rosestraat over de spoorlijn naar de Persoonshaven. De Rosebrug is de hoge voetgangersbrug in de 2de Rosestraat over de havenspoorlijn.

De fotograaf is Jan Havelaar en de foto komt van de site rovm-digitaal.nl. De informatie komt uit het Stadsarchief Rotterdam.

2022

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wausaupilot · 8 months

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Today in History: Today is Saturday, Jan. 20, the 20th day of 2024.

On this date: In 2006, "High School Musical" debuts, starring Zac Efron and Vanessa Hugdens; becomes Disney Channel's most successful TV movie.

By The Associated Press Today’s Highlight in History: In 1937, President Franklin D. Roosevelt became the first chief executive to be inaugurated on Jan. 20 instead of March 4. On this date: In 1801, Secretary of State John Marshall was nominated by President John Adams to be chief justice of the United States. In 1841, the island of Hong Kong was ceded by China to Great Britain. (It…

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#afternoon update #Milestones #today in history

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16strings · 9 months

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Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda - String Quartet No.3 in G-major, Op 90 (1838)

Jan Křtitel Václav Kalivoda (Johann Baptist Wenzel Kalliwoda in German) (February 21, 1801 – December 3, 1866) was a composer, conductor and violinist of Bohemian birth.

Work: String Quartet No.3 in G-major, Op 90 (1838) Mov.I: Moderato 00:00 Mov.II: Scherzo: Vivace 10:53 Mov.III: Adagio 16:48 Mov.IV: Allegretto grazioso 22:41

Ensemble: Talich Quartet Violin I: Jan Talich Violin II: Petr Maceček Viola: Vladimír Bukač Violoncello: Petr Prause

#Music #Classical music #String quartet #Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda #Talich Quartet

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lesser-known-composers · 9 months

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youtube

Jan Křtitel Václav Kalivoda (1801–1866) - Violin Concertino No. 5 in A minor, Op. 133

I. Allegro moderato 0:00 II. Adagio 8:31 III. Rondo: Allegro 12:36

Ariadne Daskalakis, violin

Die Kölner Akademie Michael Alexander Willen, conductor

#Jan Křtitel Václav Kalivoda #violin concerto #Youtube

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odedmusic · 2 years

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Jan Ladislav Dusík - Piano Concerto No. 12, Op. 49 (1801)

Didn't know of this great composer! https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Ladislav_Dussek #OdedFriedGaon #OdedMusic #OdedFullAlbumPlaylist #OdedWeekendPlaylist

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beingjackmalkovich · 2 years

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People

People =

Synonyms {community, crowd, family, folk, nation, population, public, society, bodies, bourgeois, citizens, clan, commonality, folks, heads, herd, horde, humanity, humankind, humans, inhabitants, kin, masses, mob, mortals, multitude, nationality, persons, plebeians, populace, proletariat, race, tribe, John/Jane, Q., Public, body, politic, common, people, general, public, hoi, polloi, human, race, person, in, the, street, rabble, rank, and, file, riffraff}

Definition : https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/people

Etymology : (n.) c. 1300, peple, "humans, persons in general, men and women," from Anglo-French peple, people, Old French pople, peupel "people, population, crowd; mankind, humanity," from Latin populus "a people, nation; body of citizens; a multitude, crowd, throng," a word of unknown origin. Based on Italic cognates and derivatives such as populari "to lay waste, ravage, plunder, pillage," Populonia, a surname of Juno, literally "she who protects against devastation," the Proto-Italic root is said to mean "army" [de Vaan]. An Etruscan origin also has been proposed. The Latin word also is the source of Spanish pueblo, Italian popolo. In English, it displaced native folk.

Sense of "Some unspecified persons" is from c. 1300. Meaning "body of persons comprising a community" is by mid-14c. (late 13c. in Anglo-French); the meaning "common people, masses" (as distinguished from the nobility) is from late 13c. The meaning "members of one's family, tribe, or clan" is from late 14c.

The word was adopted after c. 1920 by Communist totalitarian states, according to their opponents to give a spurious sense of populism to their governments. It is based on the political sense of the word, "the whole body of enfranchised citizens (considered as the sovereign source of government power," attested from 1640s. This also is the sense in the legal phrase The People vs., in U.S. cases of prosecution under certain laws (1801).

The people are the only censors of their governors: and even their errors will tend to keep these to the true principles of their institution. To punish these errors too severely would be to suppress the only safeguard of the public liberty. The way to prevent these irregular interpositions of the people is to give them full information of their affairs thro’ the channel of the public papers, and to contrive that those papers should penetrate the whole mass of the people. [Jefferson to Edward Carrington, Jan. 16, 1787]

People of the Book "those whose religion entails adherence to a book of divine revelation" (1834) translates Arabic Ahl al-Kitab.

(v.) mid-15c., peplen, "to provide (a land) with inhabitants" (transitive), also "inhabit, populate, fill or occupy as inhabitants" (intransitive, implied in peopled), from people (n.), or else from Old French popler, peupler, from Old French peuple. Related: Peopling.

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ultraheydudemestuff · 2 years

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Shaw Farm

3357 Cincinnati-Brookville Rd. west

Ross,OH

Shaw Farm is a registered historic building near Ross, Ross Township, Butler County, Ohio, listed in the National Register. It includes the first stone house built in Butler County. The farm was part of a purchase made in April 1801, when public lands west of the Great Miami River were offered for sale at Cincinnati. Jeremiah Butterfield from Massachusetts, who had assisted Israel Ludlow in running the boundary line between. U. S. and Indian Territory, as per the Greenville Treaty [1795], formed a company with Knowles Shaw, Albin Shaw, and their father, John Shaw, and Asa Harvey and Noah Willey. They bought at the first sale two full sections and as many large fractional sections extending from near the mouth of Indian Creek in what is now Butler County about three miles down the Great Miami River. The tract comprised about 2,000 acres, nearly all bottomland, level, fertile. In order to secure it the company bid 10 cents per acre above minimum, $2.10 an acre. The land was then divided under survey by Emanuel Vantrees and according to the amounts each had paid. Each had a front on the river and a piece going back to the west side of the tract.

John Shaw and his sons were born in Connecticut and lived in Massachusetts before coming to the Northwest Territory. John Shaw was 64 years old when he came to the Northwest Territory in 1801. Knowles was 44 and Albin was 36. Knowles Shaw, the son of Albin Shaw Jr. and Huldah Griffith Shaw was born Oct. 13, 1834, Ross Township, and he married Martha A. M. Finley Jan. 11, 1855. This Knowles Shaw was the noted evangelist and song writer who wrote “Bringing in the Sheaves” and many other hymns. He was killed in a train wreck between Dallas and McKinney, Texas, June 7, 1878, and is buried in East Hill Cemetery., Rushville, IN. Shaw Farm was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 24, 1974.

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borisjelinek · 2 years

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Škola na Hořičkách

Již v 17. století se v obci nacházela farní škola, neboť k roku 1680 je ve farní úmrtní matrice zmínka o prvním zdejším učiteli Václavu Dobeniovi. Skutečná škola zde měla být až od roku 1740, ale v některých pramenech byla existence zdejší školy kladena již do roku 1710. Do roku 1750 byla její budova dřevěná a jednotřídní. V roce 1787 si vystavěl při škole vlastním nákladem byt učitel Gottvald. Tato událost je také první zmínkou o samostatné školní budově na Hořičkách.

Stará škola byla vystavěna v roce 1788. Dle fasse z roku 1791 dostával rektor za zvonění proti bouřce naturálie 6 měr žita. O 3 roky později bydlel rektor školy s rodinou ve stodole, protože došlo k rozšíření školní budovy. Světnice byla zvětšena a byt byl od ní oddělen. Bydlení zde nebylo nijak pohodlné, byt byl vlhký a studený, protože byl bez kamen. Ty si musel pořídit ze svého učitel Antonín Donát.

Roku 1800 budova vyhořela a v následujícím roce byla díky náchodské vrchnosti postavena nová dřevěná školní budova, která časem přestala kvůli zvyšujícímu se počtu žactva postačovat ke svému účelu. V letech 1828-1829 byla vystavěna nákladem panství Smiřice, Žíreč a Náchod nová škola, přičemž obyvatelstvo poskytlo veškeré ruční práce a k dispozici dalo své povozy. Tentokrát byla budova postavena již z kamene. Obsahovala 3 třídy, byt pro učitele a jeho 2 pomocníky. V roce 1842 došlo k založení školní kroniky.

Revoluční rok 1848 přinesl změnu i do správy školy. Bylo zrušeno vedení pamětní knihy v němčině a začalo se do ní zapisovat pouze česky. V roce 1865 vznikla díky přepažení místnosti 4. třída, která však nebyla vhodná k výuce. V červnu 1866 byl pruským vojákem obrán o chleba a další jídlo zdejší učitel. Roku 1872 došlo ke kritice zdejší školy. Ta vyšla v časopisu „Beseda Učitelská. Týdenník pro učitele a přátele školství národního“ 25. července 1872: „Úpadek školství českého. Na Hořičkách zastává dle „Čecha“ místo učitele kaplan Otčenášek, v Bohuslavicích myslivecký adjunkt, v Slavoňově bývalý diurnista, v Sedloňově extheolog a exkapucín.“ O 6 let později bylo služné zdejšího učitele 500 zl. V roce 1881 bylo konečně zřízeno vyhovující místo pro 4. třídu. Roku 1883 byl zdejší řídící učitel Jan Šimek oceněn za svoji učitelskou činnost zlatým záslužným křížem. V roce 1886 bylo služné řídícího učitele 500 zl. a funkční plat 100 zl. Tehdy vypadalo zdejší školství takto, alespoň podle Jana K. Hrašeho v jeho knize „České školství obecné na Broumovsku, Novo-Městsku a Trutnovsku“, jež vyšla v roce 1887:

„Hořičky.

Přišk. obce a osady: Hořičky, Chlistov, Posadov, N. Dvůr, Kalousov, Litoboř, Lhota, Křížanov, Mezleč, Oujezdec. Dětí 372, chl. 191, d. 181. Obyv. 2751. Daň 5023 zl. Tř. 4. Tř. služ. III. Škola jest zde od r. 1740., byla do r. 1750. ze dřeva a jednotřídní. R. 1800. vyhořela a r. 1801. postavena nákladem panství Smiřického, Žireckého a Náchodského škola nová, ale opět dřevěná. R. 1829. vystavena nákladem jmenovaných panství nynější škola. Obyvatelstvo dalo práce ruční a povozy. Šk. zahrádka má 72 m2. Fara v Hořičkách a vikar. úř. v Č. Skalici. Patronát farní: Princ Vilém ze Schaumburg-Lippe.

Místní školní rada.

Kašpar Rosa, prakt. lékař, předseda, Karel Pich, obchodník, místopředseda, P. Jan Stiftr, farář; jeho zástupcem P. Josef Pátek, kaplan, Jiří Schreiber, obchodník, školdozorce, Vavřinec Hejzlar, starosta z obce Mezleče, Frant. Dvořáček, starosta z Litoboře, Jos. Hofmann, starosta ze Lhoty, Frant. Hofmann, radní z Oujezdce. Náhradníci: Jos. Žďárský a Josef Hůlek.

Sbor učitelský.

Frant. Bárta, říd. uč., nar. 6. VIII. 1838 v Dol. Rokytňanech, okr. Libáňského, studoval na real. šk. v Ml. Boleslavi od 1855-58, na uč. úst. v Hradci Kr. 1858-1859, nabyl vysv. způs. pro školy české i něm. 13. VII. 1859 č. 1. Poduč. Od 1. IX. 1859 – 21. IX. 1863 v Plotištích; vysv. farn. úř. tamže č. 109. Od 21. IX. 1863 – 21. V. 1864 na Hořičkách dle vys. far. úř. tamtéž č. 199. a dle dekr. vikar. úř. v Náchodě 20. IX. 1863 č. 203. Od 21. V. 1864 – 26. III. 1873 v Č. Skalici. Dle dekr. téhož vikar. úř. 20. V. 1864 č. 89. Učit. od 26. III. 1873 – 2. IX. 1886 v Č. Skalici. Dekr. c. k. zem. šk. rady č. 2275. Od 2. IX. 1886 říd. uč. Na Hořičkách. Dekr. c. k. zem. šk. rady 23. VIII. 1886 č. 21979. Služ. 500 zl. Funk. plat 100 zl. Služ. příd. 120 zl. I. příd. 60 zl. 15. IV. 1875 č. 6391. II. 7. IX. 1883 č. 29725.

P. Jan Stifter, farář a katecheta, nar. 11. V. 1829 v Jaroměři, vysvěcen 25. VII. 1852.

P. Josef Pátek, kaplan a katecheta, nar. 3. VI. 1861 v Jedlině u Rychnova, vysvěcen 5. VII. 1885.

Fr. Kodym, učit., nar. 23. IV. 1858 v Kalné u Nové Paky. Studoval na real. šk. v Jičíně r. 1872, na měšť. šk. v N. Pace od 1873-74 a v I. roč. uč. úst. v Jičíně. Výpom. poduč. v Držkově okr. Semilského od 1. XI. 1875 – 31. VII. 1879; v Bystrci, okr. Lanškrounského dle vysv. 16. I. 1880. Od 1. I. 1881 v Havlovicích u Úpice. Dekr. c. k. okr. šk. r. v N. Městě n. M. 10. XII. 1880 č. 2155. Vysv. způs. 3. XI. 1881 č. 26. v Hradci Kr. Poduč. v Havlovicích od 6. IV. 1882. Dekr. c. k. zem. šk. r. 5. IV. 1882 č. 7049. Dekretem c. k. okr. šk. rady v Nov. Městě n. M. 4. IX. 1883 č. 2343. zat. učit. a dekr. c. k. zem. šk. rady 9. II. 1884 č. 1187. def. učit. na Hořičkách. Služné 500 zl.

Vácslav Burda, poduč., narozen 28. IX. 1854 v Jindřichově Hradci, studoval na gymn. tamtéž, po té soukromě a od 1873-75 v učit. úst. v Soběslavi. Výpom. poduč. v Hošticích u Tábora od 15. X. 1875 – 30. IX. 1877, ve Rtyni při expon. šk. V Bohdašíně od 1. X. 1877 – 1. V. 1879, v Bohuslavicích od 1. V. 1879 – 1. IX. 1879, ve Zbečníku od 1. IX. 1879 – 1. IV. 1880, v Jesenici od 1. IV. 1880 – 30. VIII. 1880. Vysv. dosp. 23. VII. 1880 č. 61 v Jičíně. Poduč. v Ohnišově od 1. IX. 1880 – 14. IX. 1881. Dekr. c. k. okr. šk. rady v Nov. Městě n. M. 10. VIII. č. 1298. Def. poduč. na Hořičkách od 15. IX. 1881. Dekr. c. k. zem. šk. r. 2. IV. 1881 č. 3775. Vysv. způs. v Hradci Kr. 3. V. 1883 č. 89. Služné 400 zl.

Alois Fousek, zat. poduč., nar. 10. X. 1863 ve Vel. Skalici ok. Kr.-Hradeckého, studoval na real. šk. v Hradci Kr. 1876-83. Vysv. dosp. 17. VII. 1884 č. 46. Zat. poduč. na Hořičkách od 1. II. 1884 stále. Dekr. c. k. okr. šk. rady v N. Městě n. M. 29. I. 1884 č. 227. Služné 400 zl.

Hana Kubelková, ind. uč., nar. 6. IV. 1848 v Č. Skalici. Vysv. způs. 23. VI. 1876 v Brně. Ind. uč. od 1. IV. 1878 – 15. III. 1881 ve Slatině a Červ. Hoře. Dekr. c. k. okr. šk. r. v N. Městě n. M. 1. IV. 1878 č. 120. Od 15. III. 1881 – 30. VIII. 1881 výp. poduč. v Červ. Hoře. Dekr. téže c. k. okr. šk. r. 25. III. 1881 č. 1359.; zároveň ind. uč. pro Brzice a Vestec od 1. I. 1882. Dekr. c. k. okr. šk. rady v N. Městě n. M. 1. I. 1882 č. 2009. Remunerace 240 zl. za všecky školy.“

Roku 1888 se ustavila Učitelská jednota v Úpici a jejím členem se stal i místní učitelský sbor. V roce 1891 se stal zdejším učitelem Jan Findejs. O rok později nebylo vyhověno žádosti obce Litoboře za zřízení exponované stanice zimní jako části školy v Hořičkách. Koncem 19. století byla zřízena ovocná školka a letní tělocvična. Vznikem další třídy se obecná škola rozšířila na pětitřídní. Té přestala dosavadní budova stačit, takže v roce 1901 byla stará jednopatrová škola se 6 velkými a 3 malými místnostmi a 359 sáhy zahrady a sadu prodána a následně vystavěna stavitelem Josefem Martínkem z Náchoda nová budova, jež byla slavnostně otevřena 8. září 1901.

1. světová válka znamenala strádání i ztráty. Povolávání učitelů k vojsku (Ad. Celba, K. Hlavatý, J. Svoboda, K. Vik) ovlivnilo školní výuku. 26. června 1915 navštívili školu okresní hejtman B. Beyerle a okresní inspektor F. Paul, aby vyhledali místnosti pro školu dětí haličských uprchlíků, kteří se následkem války nalézali v Hořičkách a jejich okolí.

Další rozvoj školy nastal až po vzniku ČSR. V roce 1920 byla zřízena měšťanská škola smíšená a o dobré ubytování učitelů bylo postaráno v letech 1923-1924 výstavbou obecního domu, kterou prováděl stavitel Karel Hofman z České Skalice. Proti stavbě obytného obecního domu podali 5. března 1922 představitelé a členové místní Domoviny domkářů a malorolníků protest a žádali, aby obec postavila jen nouzový dům s bytem pro ředitele školy a jednu třídu. Důvodem byla obava z přílišného zadlužení obce. V roce 1924 navíc vznikla lidová škola hospodářská a o rok později všeobecná živnostenská škola. Známou postavou byl ve 30. letech 20. století ředitel obecné i měšťanské školy František Kolařík, který vedl místní kandidátku národní demokracie.

Nelehkým obdobím pro místní školství byla i 2. světová válka. Roku 1939 přebral správu zdejší měšťanské školy Ladislav John, který zde s dětmi pravidelně hrál divadlo, např. v roce 1934 provedli zdejší žáci veselohru „Dvě želízka v ohni“ od Frant. Jenneho. O rok později zanikla živnostenská škola. V koncentračním táboře Mauthausen zahynul 20. října 1942 učitel Jaroslav Falta, který téměř 30 let působil na hořičské škole, a v květnu 1945 v Terezíně učitel Josef Čapek z Hořiček. Ke konci německé okupace docházelo k přerušování a posléze k úplnému ukončení výuky. Znovu učit se začalo až 14. května 1945. O 3 roky později zanikly obecná i měšťanská škola, z nichž vznikly škola národní (posléze 1. stupeň ZDŠ) a čtyřtřídní střední škola, pozdější 2. stupeň ZDŠ. Svoji existenci ukončila též lidová škola zemědělská. Ve školním roce 1952/1953 byla oficiálně založena místní pionýrská organizace, přičemž se poprvé do ní hlásili zdejší žáci již ve školním roce 1949/1950, ale k ustavení oddílů tehdy nedošlo. V letech 1967-1976 fungoval na škole Dramatický kroužek ZDŠ, který hrál v sále U Hašků.

V době existence střediskové obce i krátce předtím byla provedena oprava i modernizace školy (zejména šlo o roky 1977-1979) a zahájena výstavba budovy mateřské školy, kam byla v roce 1982 umístěna i školní družina a školní jídelna. K výstavbě tohoto objektu o 45 místnostech, který byl zkolaudován 13. prosince 1982, bylo zapotřebí 120 000 cihel, 7,4 tuny cementu a dalšího materiálu. Na stavbě odpracovali občané Hořiček na 50 000 brigádnických hodin. Do této budovy byl po celkové rekonstrukci a přístavbě přemístěn v roce 1997 celý 1. stupeň ZŠ. Roku 1984 byla provedena úprava místností v čp. 59 pro školní dílny, v roce 1985 došlo také ke generální opravě vnější fasády školy, roku 1988 byla ukončena úprava schodiště a chodeb a později byla rovněž zahájena důslednější spolupráce vedení školy a MNV při správě školních objektů.

Dnes tedy škola sídlí ve 2 budovách. V historicky nejstarší budově je umístěn 2. stupeň a ředitelství ZŠ. Jsou zde 4 kmenové třídy, fyzikální učebna, učebna počítačů s připojením na internet, kabinety, sborovna, ředitelna, šatny a WC. V přízemí budovy 1. stupně je umístěna jídelna pro celou ZŠ, kuchyň, šatny pro žáky a personál a kotelna. Třídy pro 1.-5. ročník jsou v 1. a 2. patře. Dále zde najdeme dílny, materiálovou přípravnu, školní družinu, kabinet školní družiny, sborovnu a kancelář účetní. V 1. a 2. patře jsou umístěna WC a sprcha. Žáci s učiteli do nedávna využívali též opravenou tělocvičnu, která se nalézá nedaleko budovy 2. stupně, víceúčelové šotolinové hřiště o rozměrech 31 x 15 m vedle budovy MŠ s doskočištěm na skok daleký. U budovy 2. stupně bývalo antukové hřiště o rozměrech 24 x 12 m, které se v zimě měnilo v kluziště. Později došlo k jeho parkové úpravě. V letech 2015-2016 došlo k opravě fasády a výměně oken staré školy čp. 71 a v letech 2021-2022 byla k čp. 19 přistavěna nová tělocvična. Více na: http://www.skolahoricky.cz.

Stará školní budova z roku 1901

#hořičky #historie

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