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nestack-us · 6 years ago

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PHP Laravel Programming

All that you have to think about the PHP Laravel structure

Laravel is a web application structure that is accessible to the PHP web developers under an open-source permit and is offered free of cost. This structure is for the most part intended to help the improvement of web applications dependent on the MVC (Model View Controller) model. It has been named as the most well known structure among the PHP developers, trailed by Symfony2, CodeIgniter, Phalcon and others. This system offers a wide scope of apparatuses and includes and is supported by a colossal network of developers and lovers.

Step by step instructions to introduce Laravel system

The procedure of this present system's establishment is a simple strategy that expects you to pursue some straightforward advances as it were. Since Laravel utilizes Composer for a simple administration of its conditions, so you have to download the 'composer.phar' document, which you can move to the registry 'usr/neighborhood/canister' for a worldwide use or held back in your venture's nearby catalog. Windows installer for the Composer is accessible for establishment of the system on Windows stage.

There are a few unique strategies accessible to pick the ideal one for introducing this structure as talked about underneath.

By means of Laravel Installer: Begin by downloading the PHAR document for the Laravel installer and afterward move the equivalent to the catalog '/usr/nearby/container'. After establishment, utilize the 'laravel new' order to make a new establishment in an ideal registry, for example, run the order 'laravel new blog' to utilize "blog" catalog. This technique is faster than the one utilizing the Composer.

By means of Composer Create-Project: To introduce this structure by means of the Composer, issue the direction 'make venture' in the terminal as "author make venture laravel/laravel – lean toward dist".

By means of Download: After getting the Composer introduced, get Laravel system's most recent form and concentrate every one of its substance on your server. Presently, in your Laravel application's root, execute the order "php composer.phar introduce" to introduce all the structure's conditions. For a fruitful culmination of the establishment, you have to introduce Git on the server. Notwithstanding, the direction "php composer.phar update" ought to be executed to refresh the system.

In this way, you can introduce the structure effectively by following any of the above talked about strategies, where no design is required to begin growing, yet you can arrange various alternatives to suit the necessities of your application.

Why Laravel system is viewed as the best?

Laravel has been seen as the most fantastic system for PHP developers when contrasted with others, where various reasons supporting this announcement are talked about underneath:

Arranger: The rendition 4 of this system is to a great extent subject to a few outer bundles to work appropriately, for which, Composer is utilized as the reliance administrator. Setting up another task is very simpler for novices, where there is no compelling reason to download a compress record and recollect a URL. You should simply to execute two or three directions to set up the extend just as get all the necessary conditions.

Craftsman: Since order line is an incredible instrument for developers, Artisan enables the utilization of direction line to execute a few assignments by extending the structure. You access different choices, when you type 'php craftsman' in the terminal window. In spite of the fact that lone a couple of directions are accessible, you can begin making customized order line devices to suit your needs.

Database Migrations and Seeds: Synchronization of database among various improvement machines is a rushed errand, where database relocations from Laravel make this procedure very simpler. The work keeps synchronized over all the improvement machines as long as it is kept in the relocations and seeds.

Peaceful Routing: This is one among the best reasons that supports Laravel, where the utilization of action words for steered is done in an exceptionally decent way.

These are just a couple of reasons that help Laravel structure for its tremendous fame and settle on it's the best decision for various applications. A few different reasons incorporate IoC, Eloquent, Blade Templates and Testing.

Highlights of Laravel Framework

Based on many develop and solid programming configuration designs, Laravel is given various highlights, where instinctive API is the principle fascination making its utilization a flat out delight.

A few highlights of this apparatus are recorded as underneath:

Momentous steering offices

Exquisite and one of its sort object-social mapper, Eloquent

Utilization of an incredible templating motor, Blade, for advantageous and simple templating with Laravel

Magnificent documentation and backing of a functioning network

Astounding testing offices to guarantee the ideal yield from applications

Author fueled particular design, permitting simple structure of less coupled and adaptable applications

Unshakable establishment that is worked with the premise of a few fight tried Symfony segments

An astonishing CLI of Laravel, Artisan assists with venture the executives, database relocations and the sky is the limit from there, including the production of customized directions also.

Amazing Websites dependent on the Laravel Framework

Laravel is a lovely instrument that has assisted numerous site proprietors with generating a striking on the web nearness. A rundown of not many of the destinations created utilizing this system is given underneath, alongside a concise portrayal for each.

Mack Hankins: Mack's own blog includes a smooth structure with a stunning sidebar and association of the webpage that depends on Laravel 4 system.

Laravel Tricks: Built on Laravel, this site is actually the way it should be, the place the alternative board and configuration add to the appeal, making it successful in a straightforward way.

MyRank: A full-scale site giving web based learning administrations in India, demonstrating the flexibility of Laravel system. The shared progression of plan components offers an incorporated usefulness of this site.

Sublimity: This site is worked with essential highlights utilizing this system, which portrays the capability of this apparatus to add adequacy and polished methodology to a basic plan.

Deltanet Travel: A goal the board site, based on Laravel, offers a smooth perusing and other viable highlights for its intended interest group in Greece.

Fate of Laravel Framework

PHP began as the main decision of web developers, which lost its prominence to Python and Ruby on Rails throughout the years. Being tastefully satisfying, their significant disadvantage lies in the usage of MVC, while PHP is a reasonable decision for entrepreneurs with emotional upgrades in its ongoing adaptations. Nonetheless, the test of finding the privilege MVC system finished when Laravel appeared. It has been named by Google Trends, leanpub.com and various overviews as the best system for PHP developers, guaranteeing a brilliant future for this structure.

On the off chance that you are paying special mind to getting a moderate administrations identified with Laravel system advancement, at that point connect with our PHP specialists to become familiar with the equivalent.

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siva3155 · 6 years ago

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300+ TOP LARAVEL Interview Questions and Answers

Laravel Interview Questions for freshers experienced :-

1. What is Laravel? An open source free "PHP framework" based on MVC Design Pattern. It is created by Taylor Otwell. Laravel provides expressive and elegant syntax that helps in creating a wonderful web application easily and quickly. 2. List some official packages provided by Laravel? Below are some official packages provided by Laravel Cashier: Laravel Cashier provides an expressive, fluent interface to Stripe's and Braintree's subscription billing services. It handles almost all of the boilerplate subscription billing code you are dreading writing. In addition to basic subscription management, Cashier can handle coupons, swapping subscription, subscription "quantities", cancellation grace periods, and even generate invoice PDFs.Read More Envoy: Laravel Envoy provides a clean, minimal syntax for defining common tasks you run on your remote servers. Using Blade style syntax, you can easily setup tasks for deployment, Artisan commands, and more. Currently, Envoy only supports the Mac and Linux operating systems. Read More Passport: Laravel makes API authentication a breeze using Laravel Passport, which provides a full OAuth2 server implementation for your Laravel application in a matter of minutes. Passport is built on top of the League OAuth2 server that is maintained by Alex Bilbie. Read More Scout: Laravel Scout provides a simple, driver based solution for adding full-text search to your Eloquent models. Using model observers, Scout will automatically keep your search indexes in sync with your Eloquent records.Read More Socialite: Laravel Socialite provides an expressive, fluent interface to OAuth authentication with Facebook, Twitter, Google, LinkedIn, GitHub and Bitbucket. It handles almost all of the boilerplate social authentication code you are dreading writing.Read More 3. What is the latest version of Laravel? Laravel 5.8.29 is the latest version of Laravel. Here are steps to install and configure Laravel 5.8.29 4. What is Lumen? Lumen is PHP micro framework that built on Laravel's top components. It is created by Taylor Otwell. It is the perfect option for building Laravel based micro-services and fast REST API's. It's one of the fastest micro-frameworks available. 5. List out some benefits of Laravel over other Php frameworks? Top benifits of laravel framework Setup and customization process is easy and fast as compared to others. Inbuilt Authentication System. Supports multiple file systems Pre-loaded packages like Laravel Socialite, Laravel cashier, Laravel elixir,Passport,Laravel Scout. Eloquent ORM (Object Relation Mapping) with PHP active record implementation. Built in command line tool "Artisan" for creating a code skeleton ,database structure and build their migration. 6. List out some latest features of Laravel Framework Inbuilt CRSF (cross-site request forgery ) Protection. Laravel provided an easy way to protect your website from cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks. Cross-site request forgeries are malicious attack that forces an end user to execute unwanted actions on a web application in which they're currently authenticated. Inbuilt paginations Laravel provides an easy approach to implement paginations in your application.Laravel's paginator is integrated with the query builder and Eloquent ORM and provides convenient, easy-to-use pagination of database. Reverse Routing In Laravel reverse routing is generating URL's based on route declarations.Reverse routing makes your application so much more flexible. Query builder: Laravel's database query builder provides a convenient, fluent interface to creating and running database queries. It can be used to perform most database operations in your application and works on all supported database systems. The Laravel query builder uses PDO parameter binding to protect your application against SQL injection attacks. There is no need to clean strings being passed as bindings. read more Route caching Database Migration IOC (Inverse of Control) Container Or service container. 7. How can you display HTML with Blade in Laravel? To display html in laravel you can use below synatax. {!! $your_var !!} 8. What is composer? Composer is PHP dependency manager used for installing dependencies of PHP applications.It allows you to declare the libraries your project depends on and it will manage (install/update) them for you. It provides us a nice way to reuse any kind of code. Rather than all of us reinventing the wheel over and over, we can instead download popular packages. 9. How to install Laravel via composer? To install Laravel with composer run below command on your terminal. composer create-project Laravel/Laravel your-project-name version 10. What is php artisan. List out some artisan commands? PHP artisan is the command line interface/tool included with Laravel. It provides a number of helpful commands that can help you while you build your application easily. Here are the list of some artisian command. php artisan list php artisan help php artisan tinker php artisan make php artisan –versian php artisan make model model_name php artisan make controller controller_name 11. How to check current installed version of Laravel? Use php artisan –version command to check current installed version of Laravel Framework Usage: php artisan --version 12. List some Aggregates methods provided by query builder in Laravel? Aggregate function is a function where the values of multiple rows are grouped together as input on certain criteria to form a single value of more significant meaning or measurements such as a set, a bag or a list. Below is list of some Aggregates methods provided by Laravel query builder. count() Usage:$products = DB::table(‘products’)->count(); max() Usage:$price = DB::table(‘orders’)->max(‘price’); min() Usage:$price = DB::table(‘orders’)->min(‘price’); avg() Usage:$price = DB::table(‘orders’)->avg(‘price’); sum() Usage: $price = DB::table(‘orders’)->sum(‘price’); 13. Explain Events in Laravel? Laravel events: An event is an incident or occurrence detected and handled by the program.Laravel event provides a simple observer implementation, that allow us to subscribe and listen for events in our application.An event is an incident or occurrence detected and handled by the program.Laravel event provides a simple observer implementation, that allows us to subscribe and listen for events in our application. Below are some events examples in Laravel:- A new user has registered A new comment is posted User login/logout New product is added. 14. How to turn off CRSF protection for a route in Laravel? To turn off or diasble CRSF protection for specific routes in Laravel open "app/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php" file and add following code in it //add this in your class private $exceptUrls = ; //modify this function public function handle($request, Closure $next) { //add this condition foreach($this->exceptUrls as $route) { if ($request->is($route)) { return $next($request); } } return parent::handle($request, $next);} 15. What happens when you type "php artisan" in the command line? When you type "PHP artisan" it lists of a few dozen different command options. 16. Which template engine Laravel use? Laravel uses Blade Templating Engine. Blade is the simple, yet powerful templating engine provided with Laravel. Unlike other popular PHP templating engines, Blade does not restrict you from using plain PHP code in your views. In fact, all Blade views are compiled into plain PHP code and cached until they are modified, meaning Blade adds essentially zero overhead to your application. Blade view files use the .blade.php file extension and are typically stored in the resources/views directory. 17. How can you change your default database type? By default Laravel is configured to use MySQL.In order to change your default database edit your config/database.php and search for ��default’ => ‘mysql’ and change it to whatever you want (like ‘default’ => ‘sqlite’). 18. Explain Migrations in Laravel? How can you generate migration . Laravel Migrations are like version control for your database, allowing a team to easily modify and share the application’s database schema. Migrations are typically paired with Laravel’s schema builder to easily build your application’s database schema. Steps to Generate Migrations in Laravel To create a migration, use the make:migration Artisan command When you create a migration file, Laravel stores it in /database/migrations directory. Each migration file name contains a timestamp which allows Laravel to determine the order of the migrations. Open the command prompt or terminal depending on your operating system. 19. What are service providers in laravel? Service providers are the central place of all Laravel application bootstrapping. Your own application, as well as all of Laravel’s core services are bootstrapped via service providers. Service provider basically registers event listeners, middleware, routes to Laravel’s service container. All service providers need to be registered in providers array of app/config.php file. 20. How do you register a Service Provider? To register a service provider follow below steps: Open to config/app.php Find ‘providers’ array of the various ServiceProviders. Add namespace ‘Iluminate\Abc\ABCServiceProvider:: class,’ to the end of the array. 21. What are Implicit Controllers? Implicit Controllers allow you to define a single route to handle every action in the controller. You can define it in route.php file with Route: controller method. Usage : Route::controller('base URI',''); 22. What does "composer dump-autoload" do? Whenever we run "composer dump-autoload" Composer re-reads the composer.json file to build up the list of files to autoload. 23. Explain Laravel service container? One of the most powerful feature of Laravel is its Service Container . It is a powerful tool for resolving class dependencies and performing dependency injection in Laravel. Dependency injection is a fancy phrase that essentially means class dependencies are "injected" into the class via the constructor or, in some cases, "setter" methods. 24. How can you get users IP address in Laravel? You can use request’s class ip() method to get IP address of user in Laravel. Usage:public function getUserIp(Request $request){ // Getting ip address of remote user return $user_ip_address=$request->ip(); } 25. What are Laravel Contracts? Laravel’s Contracts are nothing but set of interfaces that define the core services provided by the Laravel framework. 26. How to enable query log in Laravel? Use the enableQueryLog method: Use the enableQueryLog method: DB::connection()->enableQueryLog(); You can get an array of the executed queries by using the getQueryLog method: $queries = DB::getQueryLog(); 27. What are Laravel Facades? Laravel Facades provides a static like interface to classes that are available in the application’s service container. Laravel self ships with many facades which provide access to almost all features of Laravel’s. Laravel Facades serve as "static proxies" to underlying classes in the service container and provides benefits of a terse, expressive syntax while maintaining more testability and flexibility than traditional static methods of classes. All of Laravel’s facades are defined in the IlluminateSupportFacades namespace. You can easily access a Facade like so: use IlluminateSupportFacadesCache; Route::get('/cache', function () { return Cache::get('key'); }); 28. How to use custom table in Laravel Model? We can use custom table in Laravel by overriding protected $table property of Eloquent. Below is sample uses: class User extends Eloquent{ protected $table="my_custom_table"; } 29. How can you define Fillable Attribute in a Laravel Model? You can define fillable attribute by overiding the fillable property of Laravel Eloquent. Here is sample uses Class User extends Eloquent{ protected $fillable =array('id','first_name','last_name','age'); } 30. What is the purpose of the Eloquent cursor() method in Laravel? The cursor method allows you to iterate through your database records using a cursor, which will only execute a single query. When processing large amounts of data, the cursor method may be used to greatly reduce your memory usage. Example Usageforeach (Product::where('name', 'bar')->cursor() as $flight) { //do some stuff } 31. What are Closures in Laravel? Closures are an anonymous function that can be assigned to a variable or passed to another function as an argument.A Closures can access variables outside the scope that it was created. 32. What is Kept in vendor directory of Laravel? Any packages that are pulled from composer is kept in vendor directory of Laravel. 33. What does PHP compact function do? Laravel's compact() function takes each key and tries to find a variable with that same name.If the variable is found, them it builds an associative array. 34. In which directory controllers are located in Laravel? We kept all controllers in App/Http/Controllers directory 35. Define ORM? Object-relational Mapping (ORM) is a programming technique for converting data between incompatible type systems in object-oriented programming languages. 36. How to create a record in Laravel using eloquent? To create a new record in the database using Laravel Eloquent, simply create a new model instance, set attributes on the model, then call the save method: Here is sample Usage.public function saveProduct(Request $request ){ $product = new product; $product->name = $request->name; $product->description = $request->name; $product->save(); } 37. How to get Logged in user info in Laravel? Auth::User() function is used to get Logged in user info in Laravel. Usage:- if(Auth::check()){ $loggedIn_user=Auth::User(); dd($loggedIn_user); } 38. Does Laravel support caching? Yes, Laravel supports popular caching backends like Memcached and Redis. By default, Laravel is configured to use the file cache driver, which stores the serialized, cached objects in the file system .For large projects it is recommended to use Memcached or Redis. 39. What are named routes in Laravel? Named routing is another amazing feature of Laravel framework. Named routes allow referring to routes when generating redirects or Url’s more comfortably. You can specify named routes by chaining the name method onto the route definition: Route::get('user/profile', function () { // })->name('profile'); You can specify route names for controller actions: Route::get('user/profile', 'UserController@showProfile')->name('profile'); Once you have assigned a name to your routes, you may use the route's name when generating URLs or redirects via the global route function: // Generating URLs... $url = route('profile'); // Generating Redirects... return redirect()->route('profile'); 40. What are traits in Laravel? Laravel Traits are simply a group of methods that you want include within another class. A Trait, like an abstract classes cannot be instantiated by itself.Trait are created to reduce the limitations of single inheritance in PHP by enabling a developer to reuse sets of methods freely in several independent classes living in different class hierarchies. Laravel Triats Exampletrait Sharable { public function share($item) { return 'share this item'; } } You could then include this Trait within other classes like this: class Post { use Sharable; } class Comment { use Sharable; } Now if you were to create new objects out of these classes you would find that they both have the share() method available: $post = new Post; echo $post->share(''); // 'share this item' $comment = new Comment; echo $comment->share(''); // 'share this item' 41. How to create migration via artisan? Use below commands to create migration data via artisan. php artisan make:migration create_users_table 42. Explain validations in Laravel? In Programming validations are a handy way to ensure that your data is always in a clean and expected format before it gets into your database. Laravel provides several different ways to validate your application incoming data.By default Laravel’s base controller class uses a ValidatesRequests trait which provides a convenient method to validate all incoming HTTP requests coming from client.You can also validate data in laravel by creating Form Request. 43. Explain Laravel Eloquent? Laravel’s Eloquent ORM is one the most popular PHP ORM (OBJECT RELATIONSHIP MAPPING). It provides a beautiful, simple ActiveRecord implementation to work with your database. In Eloquent each database table has the corresponding MODEL that is used to interact with table and perform a database related operation on the table. Sample Model Class in Laravel.namespace App; use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model; class Users extends Model { } 44. Can laravel be hacked? Answers to this question is NO.Laravel application’s are 100% secure (depends what you mean by "secure" as well), in terms of things you can do to prevent unwanted data/changes done without the user knowing. Larevl have inbuilt CSRF security, input validations and encrypted session/cookies etc. Also, Laravel uses a high encryption level for securing Passwords. With every update, there’s the possibility of new holes but you can keep up to date with Symfony changes and security issues on their site. 45. Does Laravel support PHP 7? Yes,Laravel supports php 7 46. Define Active Record Implementation. How to use it Laravel? Active Record Implementation is an architectural pattern found in software engineering that stores in-memory object data in relational databases. Active Record facilitates the creation and use of business objects whose data is required to persistent in the database. Laravel implements Active Records by Eloquent ORM. Below is sample usage of Active Records Implementation is Laravel. $product = new Product; $product->title = 'Iphone 6s'; $product->save(); Active Record style ORMs map an object to a database row. In the above example, we would be mapping the Product object to a row in the products table of database. 47. List types of relationships supported by Laravel? Laravel support 7 types of table relationships, they are One To One One To Many One To Many (Inverse) Many To Many Has Many Through Polymorphic Relations Many To Many Polymorphic Relations 48. Explain Laravel Query Builder? Laravel's database query builder provides a suitable, easy interface to creating and organization database queries. It can be used to achieve most database operations in our application and works on all supported database systems. The Laravel query planner uses PDO restriction necessary to keep our application against SQL injection attacks. 49. What is Laravel Elixir? Laravel Elixir provides a clean, fluent API for defining basic Gulp tasks for your Laravel application. Elixir supports common CSS and JavaScript preprocessors like Sass and Webpack. Using method chaining, Elixir allows you to fluently define your asset pipeline. 50. How to enable maintenance mode in Laravel 5? You can enable maintenance mode in Laravel 5, simply by executing below command. //To enable maintenance mode php artisan down //To disable maintenance mode php artisan up 51. List out Databases Laravel supports? Currently Laravel supports four major databases, they are :- MySQL Postgres SQLite SQL Server 52. How to get current environment in Laravel 5? You may access the current application environment via the environment method. $environment = App::environment(); dd($environment); 53. What is the purpose of using dd() function iin Laravel? Laravel's dd() is a helper function, which will dump a variable's contents to the browser and halt further script execution. 54. What is Method Spoofing in Laravel? As HTML forms does not supports PUT, PATCH or DELETE request. So, when defining PUT, PATCH or DELETE routes that are called from an HTML form, you will need to add a hidden _method field to the form. The value sent with the _method field will be used as the HTTP request method: To generate the hidden input field _method, you may also use the method_field helper function: In Blade template you can write it as below {{ method_field('PUT') }} 55. How to assign multiple middleware to Laravel route ? You can assign multiple middleware to Laravel route by using middleware method. Example:// Assign multiple multiple middleware to Laravel to specific route Route::get('/', function () { // })->middleware('firstMiddleware', 'secondMiddleware'); // Assign multiple multiple middleware to Laravel to route groups Route::group(], function () { // }); Laravel Questions and Answers Pdf Download Read the full article

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