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sinorocksda · 2 years

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Why Using Self-drilling Hollow Bolt Rather Than Traditional Rock Bolt to Support Unstable Conditions?

At present, the more common supporting bolts on the market are finished-rolled rebar, steel strands, hot-rolled ribbed steel bars, and other materials. There are many successful cases of self-drilling hollow bolts that are widely used in the world. Compared with ordinary bolt materials, self-drilling hollow bolts have higher tensile strength and are applicable to more geological conditions. Below, Sinorock will introduce the difference between self-drilling hollow bolts and ordinary bolts in detail.

1. Differences in material properties

Self-drilling hollow bolts: Self-drilling hollow bolts have a wide range of diameters, with sizes ranging from 25 to 200 mm. The tensile strength and yield strength of the material are relatively high. The yield strength can reach more than 600MPa, and the tensile resistance value can reach 200- 14000kN.

Ordinary bolts: Ordinary bolts are generally made of hot-rolled ribbed steel bars, fine-rolled threaded steel bars, steel strands, and other materials. The strength levels are also from low to high, and the diameter size and tensile force value range are limited.

2. Differences in construction technology

Self-drilling hollow bolt: prepare drilling rig, materials → install bolt bit → connect bolt to drilling rig, grouting pump → drilling → flushing hole → extend bolt → drilling → complete drilling (grouting completed) → Install the backing plate nut

Ordinary bolts: prepare drilling rigs and materials → install drilling tools → place drilling rigs → drill holes → purge and discharge slag after forming holes → remove drilling tools and drill pipes → push and release bolts (cables) → pull out casing → anchors (cables) grouting → construction tensioner → tension lock → anchor seal

3. Difference in labor cost

Self-drilling hollow bolt: The construction of a self-drilling hollow bolt requires less personnel, about three people, and the labor cost is low.

Ordinary anchor rod: Ordinary anchor rod needs to be pressed into the casing while drilling, or the casing is pushed into the drilling tool ahead of time and drilled into a hole. When I introduced the difference between casing drilling and self-drilling, I also introduced the relevant content. The construction process of ordinary bolts is more complicated and requires more labor costs.

4. Differences in construction efficiency

Self-drilling hollow bolts: Self-drilling hollow bolts are generally drilled and formed at one time, and there are no problems such as hole collapse, sticking, and difficulty in inserting rods. The efficiency is 2-4 times that of ordinary bolts.

Ordinary bolts: In severely broken areas, there are problems such as hole collapse, stuck drilling, and difficulty in inserting rods. Ordinary bolts need to be grouted ahead of time and then solidified before making holes, resulting in low construction efficiency and even impossible construction.

5. Price difference

Ordinary geology: The cost of self-drilling hollow bolts is about 15% higher than that of ordinary hollow bolts, and about 60% higher than that of ordinary reinforced steel bolts. General broken geology: Self-drilling hollow bolts are 15% higher than ordinary hollow bolts, and about 30% higher than ordinary reinforced steel bolts.

Severely broken geology: Self-drilling hollow bolts are 15% higher than ordinary hollow bolts, but 10% lower than ordinary steel bars, so in severely broken surrounding rock areas, the economic advantages of self-drilling hollow bolts are more obvious.

6. Difference in inapplicability

Self-drilling hollow bolt: no need to make holes under bad surrounding rocks such as backfill area, weathered rock, broken rock, sand layer, clay layer, pebble layer, etc., bolt into one, the hollow bolt body can be used as a grouting channel, grouting from the inside to the outside.

Ordinary bolts: It can be applied in ordinary rock formations, but when encountering complex geology, it will face problems such as narrow construction space, inability to form holes, and difficult construction.

The above is the introduction to the difference between self-drilling hollow bolts and ordinary bolts. Ordinary bolts need to be drilled before construction and then put in the bolts. When encountering complex geological conditions, it is easy to collapse. The problem of holes and no holes will delay the construction progress. The self-drilling hollow bolt can realize grouting while drilling, which is fast, time-saving, and convenient to operate.

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caseinpoints · 7 years

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Earth anchors—more than helical piles and ground screws—help make ground-mount solar more profitable

By Jono Stevens, executive vice president of products at Nuance Energy

The earth anchor, long used in a variety of applications—including electric utility projects—has a new use: securing the foundations of ground-mount solar arrays. Unlike conventional foundations, an earth anchor foundation system does not require a detailed geotechnical report, extensive engineering effort or costly construction techniques. Enabling unskilled crews to install solar arrays using only handheld power tools eliminates the need for expensive, heavy equipment. And compliance with engineering specifications, applicable codes and local regulations can be verified via simple, real-time load testing.

The earth anchor foundation system��s ability to work more easily, quickly and inexpensively in virtually any type of soil on any site makes solar energy more practical and affordable at any scale, and creates more profitable opportunities for agricultural, commercial, industrial and utility projects.

Anchored foundations

Earth anchors function similarly to helical piles and ground screws, but with two important differences; they require less steel and can be installed using only handheld tools. The anchor itself is a hot-dipped galvanized, ductile iron casting about 5 in. long and 1.5 in. in diameter with penetrating “teeth” at one end, a hole for inserting the drive rod at the other end, and an “eye” in the center for attaching an aircraft-grade stainless steel cable or galvanized threaded rod. The anchor and cable are driven into the ground using a special drive rod—a process that is made all the easier with its narrow profile and aggressive teeth. When the drive rod is removed and uplift force is applied to the cable or rod, the underground anchor rotates into its final, horizontal and locked position.

Its innovative design gives earth anchors an extraordinarily strong holding power based on the “inverted cone” of soil above. An anchor set 4 ft deep, for example, is secured by over 26 ft³ of contributing soil for a holding capacity of over 2,000 lb in most soil conditions. The ease of installation and high holding power make earth anchor foundation systems suitable for sites where deploying solar power has previously been considered impractical or impossible.

The ability to conduct simple, inexpensive field load tests to measure the actual (vs. calculated) holding capacity of every earth anchor in real time eliminates the need for geotechnical reports and related inspections, and virtually guarantees being able to meet—easily and cost-effectively—the required engineering and design specifications. To ensure long-term reliability and continued compliance, Nuance Energy recommends conducting the tests to 1.5-times the calculated worst-case scenario design loads.

If any test fails to reach the specified load, the earth anchor can simply be removed and installed again at a different angle and/or depth. A second anchor can then be set, with the load test performed again on the pair.

Construction

Construction begins by assembling the platform and placing it in position. The height of each anchor stand is adjusted to level the racking system as it is assembled. For example, Nuance Energy’s Osprey PowerPlatform has stands with an adjustment range of 26 in., making the standard model suitable for slopes up to 12° or, with custom engineering, up to 23°.

An electric or pneumatic jack-hammer, powered by a portable generator or air compressor, is the only tool needed to set earth anchors in the soil. Installation over rock or pavement requires the use of a rotary hammer drill with a suitable bit to set a conventional expanding anchor. The only other equipment needed is the portable load testing rig for performing the load tests.

When the platform is fully assembled, aligned and leveled, the earth anchors are set through a hole in the base plate of the anchor stands, usually to a depth of 3 to 4 ft below grade, depending on the soil conditions. This step is completed before the solar modules are installed to make it easier to place the load testing rig over the anchor stands. Upon a successful test, the excess cable from the earth anchor is wrapped around the stand and secured.

Completing the installation involves attaching the solar modules and inverter(s), routing the wires and making the connection to the electric load and/or grid. The C-rail design provides an integrated trough for the wiring, which eliminates the need for separate wire management channels or conduits. The design also provides a suitable structure for mounting the inverter(s), eliminating the need for concrete pads.

A standard 16-module (2×8) array is supported by six anchor stands that distribute the total weight at under 225 lb/ft². For wind loads, all six earth anchors (one per stand) can secure a total uplift force of over 12,000 lb, depending on depth and soil conditions. Additional anchors can be set as needed, such as with unusually high winds and/or poor soil conditions.

A four-person crew is able to assemble a 45-kW solar array consisting of 128 350-kW panels—from start to finish—in eight hours. The cost for installing the anchor platform, rails and solar panels in a larger 2-MW system is only 1.5¢/W (using typical hourly wages for semi-skilled workers), resulting in a potential savings of over $130,000 when compared to using helical piles or ground screws.

The versatility to perform well in virtually any situation and soil condition enables EPCs, contractors and distributors to have a single, modular solution for nearly all ground-mount projects. This is true even under the most challenging of conditions, such as in desert hardpan, rocky soil, permafrost or on landfills.

For systems that must eventually be moved, or decommissioned and removed, the entire framework can be disassembled for use at another site. Except for the inexpensive earth anchors, there are no stranded assets and only minimal environmental impact. In projects that benefit from this “lift and shift” portability, such as mining, the earth anchor foundation system offers this significant additional advantage over all other alternatives.

The earth anchor foundation system proves to be more universal, easier, faster and less expensive than other foundation options—from procurement through construction and, optionally, decommissioning. With such advantages, earth anchor foundations are destined to become increasingly popular with EPCs, developers, contractors and distributors alike for ground-mount solar projects.

Solar Power World

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hatohouse-blog · 8 years

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Background Advice On No-hassle Plans For Game Fishing Equipment

Simple Advice On No-hassle Programs In Game Fishing Equipment

The best game fishing equipment Clarifying Core Issues In Fly Fishing Belt

A Quick Analysis On Painless Solutions In Game Fishing Equipment

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The DeVos Place will hold over four acres of fishing and hunting gear, outdoor travel gear, fishing boats, seminars, displays, and more. The Ultimate Sport Show this year will have more fishing items than ever. There will be fishing tackle and specialty baits available game fishing knots braid only once a year at this show, in addition to over 40 brands of fishing boats at the lowest prices of the season. Or if hunters and fishers are looking for places to travel, there will be chances to book a fishing or hunting trip from over 70 guides, resorts, lodges, charters, of fly-ins in the "Outfitters Expo." The DeVos Place will also have constant fishing and hunting seminars on everyfish and hunting game presented by the top guides and tournament anglers in Michigan. Not only will there be informational seminars and amazing sales, but there will be give-aways and raffles for big prizes. Attendees of the Ultimate Sport Show will be able to take advantage of the following promotions: Register to win a 16 foot Starcraft Fishing Boat with 20 horse power Yamaha outboard and trailer from Lakeside Motorsports and Nelsons Speed Shop. The Drawing will be done Sunday night. Thursday Only All attendees get in FREE with a sack of groceries for the 16th Annual Michigan Sportsmen Against Hunger Food Drive simply bring the groceries to the Pontoon Boat out front. First 500 attendees Thursday and Friday get a free Commemorative Dardevle lure ($7 value). First 250 attendees Saturday and Sunday get a free K&E Bass Stopper Rigged Crawler. The Ultimate Sports Show runs through Thursday March 16 through Sunday March 19 at DeVos Place. Tickets cost $10 for adults, $4 for kids ages 6-14, and children under 5 get in for free. For more details on vendors and to purchase advanced tickets, visit UltimateSportShow.com . Don't forget to enter our Looped In contest where we'll be giving away four tickets to the Ultimate Sport Show to two lucky winners! Click here to enter.

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How about guaranteed to hook a tarpon or you get a free return trip? Can't beat that! Call 800-241-1975 for current info and booking. On my last early spring trip the captain dropped the anchor while I threw out a live mullet and was tied to a huge ocean going, strong-as-blazes 150-pound-plus tarpon within minutes. One of four big guys that morning! Talk about exhausted! Tarpon gather here in huge numbers before heading north to our neck of the woods. It's a great way to jumpstart your season, novice or experienced angler alike. A friend of mine asked me to come over for a delightful tripletail dinner. If the winds slow, venture offshore with some live shrimp, shrimp imitators, or fly rod and search the crab floats for this prehistoric great tasting oddity. Expect to see it hanging right below the float, or sometimes swimming on its side on the surface. Boats with towers have an advantage as you slowly cruise a line of floats looking down to spot this interesting fish. If you see one circle back quietly and float a shrimp back to the fish. If you spook him he will drop down the anchor line, but later reappear. If the tripletail takes the bait your first priority is to get him away from the anchor line which he will use to his advantage to cut you off. Enjoy the hard fight and the taste of this delicious fish.

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Game Fishing Lures

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