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[Before the China Securities Marketplace] This year's first doubling fund was born; many businesses declared duty-free business qualifications; Tesla fell nearly 5%; gold costs approached historical highs
Everyday Finance Distinctive, Quick Follow

1. China's 1st Mars exploration mission probe was effectively launched, taking the first step in planetary exploration 2. The General Office of hawaii Council issued the "Key Tasks for Deepening the Reform of the Medical and Health Program in the Second Half of 2020", proposing in-depth implementation of the Healthy China Initiative to market the revitalization and growth of Chinese medicine 3. Xin Guobin, deputy minister of the Ministry of Sector and IT, stated on the 23rd that the next step is to accelerate the launch of the "New Energy Automobile Sector Development Plan (2021-2035)", which includes already been submitted to hawaii Council. 4. In 2020, the first doubling fund was born. As of July 23, the net value growth price of Rongtong Healthcare Fund has reached 100.29% this year 5. According to information released by the Association of Global Banks, Finance and Telecommunications (SWIFT), in June 2020, in the rating of worldwide payment currencies predicated on amount statistics, the RMB rose to 5th location, accounting for 1.76% Company focus 9 companies including China Micro and Microphone Technology Shareholders plan to reduce their holdings On the evening of July 23, 9 sci-tech innovation board firms including Guangfeng Technology, Hanchuan Intelligent, Wald, Xinguang Optoelectronics, Western Superconductor, Espressif Technology, Jiayuan Technology, Rongbai Technology, and China Microelectronics Corporation disclosed their shareholders. (Which includes directors, supervisors and senior executives) announcement of shareholding decrease. Among them, the biggest level of lifting of the ban, China and Micro, released the first single inquiry exchange plan. Western Superconductor's proposed reduction of shares accounted for the best proportion of overall equity at 14%. From the viewpoint of market value, in line with the most recent closing price by July 23, the full total market value of the shares that shareholders of 8 businesses except China and Micro Company intends to reduce is approximately 6.8 billion yuan. CSI Note: The agency believes that the concentrated reduction of shareholders of the Sci-tech Innovation Panel may have a short-term impact on the stock price, however the magnitude is bound. From a long-term viewpoint, concentrated reductions or "golden pits" will be created. Haili Bio (603718) Never mixed up in production and sales of human vaccines Haili Biology disclosed the share price change upon the evening of July 23, and stated that the business is not mixed up in production and sales of human vaccines. The business's main business is the research and development, manufacturing and sales of veterinary vaccines and its wholly-owned subsidiary Shanghai Jiemen Biotechnology Co., Ltd. is involved in the study, development, manufacturing and sales of clinical in vitro diagnostic reagents. CSI Note: Biological stocks have been trending very strongly recently. As well as the assistance of fundamentals, the main topic of the brand new crown pneumonia vaccine is an excellent help. However the rise of Haili Biology is indeed a bit inexplicable, the company's primary veterinary vaccine. It is well worth noting that one of the top ten shareholders of the business has a hot cash tycoon who has elevated the placard of Haili Biotech 3 x and spent a lot more than 1 billion yuan. Announcement selection Zhongbai Group (000759), BBK (002251): Submitted the request for declaration of duty-free business qualification You A Shares (002277): controlling shareholder applies for duty-free business qualification Sinopec (600028), PetroChina (601857): plan to transfer related company equity, oil and gas pipelines and supporting facilities to the Nationwide Pipeline Group Blue cursor (300058): Terminate the securitization deal of the company's foreign possessions in america market Hanbang Hi-Tech (300449): A wholly-owned subsidiary obtains Huawei ISV companion certification China Securities (601066): Net profit in the first fifty percent of the entire year increased by 96.54% year-on-year Ingenic Group (601216): Shareholders plan to reduce their holdings by no more than 2% Sheng Laida (002473): stocks implement additional risk warnings, investing will be suspended for one time on July 24 Nanfang Bearing (002553): The application form for listing on the Technology and Technology Innovation Panel of the Pan Asia Micro-Transportation Panel of the participating business has been approved by the Shanghai Stock Exchange Chengyitong (300430): The controlling shareholder transfers area of the company's shares by agreement Research report collection Ping A good Securities: Interest rates are difficult in order to decline significantly The bond marketplace has seen sustained growth recently. Ping An Securities believes that the bond market's rebound is tough to sustain: (1) From a fundamental viewpoint, the economic climate will continue steadily to repair in the next fifty percent of the entire year, and steadily improve from the prior month, which will restrict the decline of risk-free interest levels. (2) The focus of monetary policy in the next fifty percent of the entire year may be biased towards financial risk prevention, in fact it is tough to continue to relax considerably. (3) From the perspective of exchange rate expectations administration, maintaining a particular pass on between China and the United States helps keep up with the balance of RMB exchange rate expectations. China Merchants Securities: a growing number of profit improvement sectors China Merchants Securities Research Report remarked that the V-shaped reversal of the A-share marketplace yesterday. The current liquidity is fair, and under the history that the true estate chain, infrastructure chain, and developing investment chain may surpass expectations, the amount of industrial sectors with improved profit growth in the next season increase significantly. "Growth cycle stocks" will be the important direction of marketplace investment in the next stage, and the targets are hidden in the building materials, environmental defense and general public utilities, home appliances, gentle industry, non-ferrous metals, chemicals, electronics, insurance, securities companies, machinery, electric brand-new and other industries. Guosen Securities: Highlights of Cloud Video game Concept Frequently Guosen Securities Research Survey believes that cloud gaming is going to further open up the growth space for high-quality video games, and game content providers with high-quality game development capabilities is going to continue steadily to benefit. From concept to landing, the landing of cloud video games requires not only content, but also infrastructure (GPU cloud system, etc.) support; at the same time, from the viewpoint of business versions, cloud video games are expected to redefine the worthiness of the system. The big TV screen is likely to become an ideal landing scene for cloud gaming C-end, that may satisfy users' gaming experience not the same as mobile games and end games, and create a new blue ocean game market place. Main trend Northbound funds According to data through the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, the net outflow of northbound money on the 23rd was 3.654 billion yuan. Wuliangye, Kweichow Moutai, TCL Technologies, and Hengrui Pharmaceutical rated 1st, with net sales of 708 million yuan, 404 million yuan, 277 million yuan, and 261 million yuan respectively; Ping An of China and Muyuan experienced higher net buys, respectively 367 million yuan, 285 million yuan. Institutional Trends According to Longhuban data, upon July 23, institutional seat money were sold to get a internet 150 million yuan. 7 stocks were bought net and 9 stocks offered net. The stocks and shares with an increase of net buys are iKang Technologies, Kanghua Biology, Allwinner Technologies, etc.; Huida Sanitary Ware, Li Si Chen, Tongda shares and other net sales will be the top. The sales of the operating department's funds were net 221 million yuan. Net bought 26 stocks and internet sold 26 stocks. Compared with multiple stocks, the net purchase quantity is Recco Defense, Lisichen, Hongxiang Co., Ltd.; Yaguang Technologies, Xishui Co., Ltd., and Gongda Diansheng will be the top net sales. Overseas News European and United states markets U.S. stocks fell collectively, Nasdaq fell a lot more than 2% Investors are worried about the improvement of the US epidemic and corporate functionality. Simultaneously, marketplace rumors that the US fiscal stimulus policy may be stranded, and US stocks and shares fell collectively on Thursday.
Large US technology stocks fell across the board.
Financial stocks were mixed.
Intel's second-quarter internet revenue and profit exceeded expectations Intel announced the second-quarter financial review following the US stock market on Thursday, with net income of US$19.7 billion and marketplace anticipations of US$18.554 billion; adjusted earnings per share for the next one fourth were US$1.23 and marketplace estimates were Us all$1.12. Intel announced that the 7mnCPU production period will be delayed by about 6 months from the initial plan. The business's stock price fell a lot more than 8% following the market.
The U.S. requested unemployment advantages for the very first time last week, 1.416 million individuals exceeded market expectations On July 23, the latest data released by the US Department of Labor demonstrated that the amount of people trying to get unemployment benefits for the very first time in the week of July 18 was 1.416 million, that was higher than the prior value and expected 1.3 million, and it exceeded 1 million for the 18th consecutive week. Buffett increases his holdings of Us all$800 million in Bank of The united states stock SEC documents show that within the first three days of this week, Buffett bought nearly 34 million Bank of America stocks at the average price of approximately Us all$24 per share, costing a lot more than Us all$800 million, and boosting his shareholding ratio from 10.9% to 11.3%. Three major European stock indexes were mixed
The dollar index fell 0.31% Like of the end of the brand new York trading session, the US dollar index fell 0.31% to 94.6906. China Concept Stock Chinese stocks generally fell
Commodity International oil prices fall
NY gold costs rose for five consecutive years, approaching the best closing record in history, 1891.9 US dollars / ounce
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Camping at POWH
Barker Street and here’s the Community Bus. The latest, if I haven’t alread mentioned it is that my hip is doing fine and the next Appointment is in a year. My Colo-rectal surgeon is also happy, however I do have a baby hernia to keep my eye on. This afternoon I have a session with the Lower Limb clinic for exercise. I haven’t been informed of its exact location. The Community transport Bus is…

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In May 2020, DeFi drives the dapp ecosystem to grow by 16%, reaching US$1.9 billion

Despite a 14% drop in daily transaction volume, Ethereum dapps still led with a 25% increase in May. In May 2020, we gave an overview of the dapp ecosystem and expanded our coverage of the three main dapp blockchains (Ethereum, TRON and EOS) to the current six, including Steem, Hive and WAX. Of course, Steem and Hive are currently in a chaotic situation. Due to the acquisition of the TRON Foundation, the community is split, and many dapps are transferred from Steem to the Hive hard fork in response. At the same time, on the WAX blockchain on May 12, the successful launch of the Garbage Pail Kids collection promoted a wider range of trading activities, especially its market dapp, which subsequently experienced strong growth. table of Contents * Important points
* Ethereum 3.TRON 4.EOS 5.Steem and Hive 6.WAX
* Conclusion 1. Important points. The total value of all tokens interacting with dapps running on these six blockchains increased by 16% to 1.9 billion US dollars. Compared with April, the overall activity in May 2020 decreased by 3%. Among the six blockchains covered in this report, an average of 69,119 active independent wallets interact with dapps every day. High fuel costs have caused Ethereum's daily activity to drop by 14% month-on-month, but the transaction volume through DeFi and exchange dapps is still strong, and the total value in May increased by 25% to $1.2 billion. Gambling Dapps are still the mainstream of TRON. TRON transaction volume increased by 24% month-on-month to reach 131 million US dollars, but daily activity dropped by 15%. EOS dapps performed steadily, with daily active growth of 3%, and trading volume stabilized at USD 616 million. The separation of the Steem and Hive communities continues, with Hive's daily activity increasing by 201%, while Steem's decline by 31%. WAX successfully launched the Garbage Pail Kids collection, which increased the value of its dapp interaction by 601% in May, reaching a total of US$860,000. 2. Ethereum in May 2020 has the biggest impact on dapps running on the Ethereum blockchain is the continued high fuel costs. This is due to the use of the Tether stablecoin on Ethereum, coupled with traffic from four high-risk dapps leading to high-frequency activity. This trend started in mid-April and there is no sign of ending. Obviously, the increase in fuel costs makes every transaction of Ethereum more expensive, which affects the use of dapps. However, not all dapp categories are affected to the same degree. Compared with May, the daily activity of DeFi and DEX dapps dropped by 19% and 14%, respectively, the activity of the gambling category dropped by 26%, and the activity of the gaming and market categories dropped significantly by 61%.
This is important because games are usually the most popular category on Ethereum. For example, in April, it accounted for 42% of the daily activity of Ethereum dapps, but dropped to 23% in May. Overall, compared with April, the activity of all Ethereum dapps in May dropped by 14%, and the average daily active independent wallet was 16,191. In contrast, the total value of ETH and ERC20 tokens interacting with the Ethereum dapp is completely unaffected by the increase in fuel prices. The total value increased by 25% from the previous quarter, from 920 million US dollars in April to 1.2 billion US dollars in May.
In this regard, DeFi dapp is still the most important category, accounting for 60% of the total value in May, followed by the exchange category with 24%. In May of this year, six dapps in these two categories were worth more than $100 million, namely MakerDAO; Compound; dYdX; Uniswap; Kyber and 1inch. The share of gambling and high-risk dapps in the total value increased from 6% to 13%, mainly due to the activity of Hex, a high-risk dapp with a value of US$103 million.
3. TRON Although DeFi dapp JUST continues to grow, in terms of dapp activity, the overall performance of the TRON blockchain still depends on gambling and high-risk categories. In May 2020, it accounted for 85% of the total value of USD 131 million and 75% of the daily average of 18,028 individual wallets.
Similarly, TRON's daily active activity decreased by 15% month-on-month, but its total value increased by 24%. This is because the gambling category has reduced users but increased its value. The main gambling dapps on TRON are still WINk, 888TRON and RocketGame. However, there are 365 active independent wallets on average every day. The total value in May is close to 9 million U.S. dollars, which is an increase of more than 150% compared to April 2020. For JUST (similar to Ethereum's MakerDAO) in the next few years We will wait and see how this month develops.
But more generally, in terms of overall activity, the long-term trend of TRON dapps is still steadily declining, both in terms of daily activity (down 5% year-on-year) or in terms of value (similar to the performance in May 2019). Than 68%). 4. EOS 2020 May is a month of smooth operation for the dapp on the EOS blockchain. The average daily active independent wallet for all dapps is 16,441, an increase of 3% over April 2020. The value of all EOS tokens is US$616 million, compared with US$615 million in April.
In terms of specific dapp categories, there hasn't been much change in terms of daily activity or value. In terms of daily active independent wallets, more than half of the activity in May came from gaming and market category dapps (accounting for 55%), gambling and high-risk categories accounted for 10%, and exchanges accounted for 5%. The month-on-month growth of these three categories is about 10%. However, in terms of value, the exchange category (especially Nexdex) accounts for a higher proportion (75%), and the rest comes from gambling dapps.
As gambling activity has dropped sharply in the past 12 months, exchanges have accounted for an increasing proportion of the total value of EOS, which is a long-term trend.
5. Steem and HiveDappRadar started tracking dapps on the Steem and Hive blockchains in May, so this report is the first to provide data to investigate these two warring communities. In March 2020, community members were dissatisfied with the sudden intervention of the TRON Foundation and launched Hive as a hard fork of Steem. Hive is still in the development stage, but it has obvious early trends. The most obvious is that when high-volume Steem dapps are converted to Hive, they also take away their existing users. Especially on May 27th, Peakd and Hive Blog (two versions of the Steemit blog platform) were released on Hive, which immediately tripled the total number of daily active independent wallets in Hive.
Interestingly, Steem has not shown a similar downward trend; however, its daily activity dropped by 25% in May to only about 7,000 daily active independent wallets, while Hive's daily activity at the end of May There are approximately 4,000 independent wallets that are active daily. This trend is expected to continue in June, when the most popular Steem dapp (Splinterlands game with more than 4,000 daily active independent wallets) will migrate to Hive. 6. The WAX WAX blockchain was launched in December 2019 and was built using the EOS.IO SDK. As a new platform, the WAX blockchain has successfully attracted some EOS dapps to be released on it. This is not surprising, because WAX has some advantages, especially in terms of getting started. Then, its performance in May proved its value as an exclusive content. A digital collection called Garbage Pail Kids was launched, which greatly promoted the development of WAX's dapp ecosystem, especially in the market. The card pack was launched on May 12, sold out within two days, and then moved to GPK.Market, Alcor.Exchange, SimpleMarket, etc., with a transaction volume of more than $280,000 within one week of release. In short, in May of this year, as the Garbage Pail Kids transaction continued after its release, the overall value of Garbage Pail Kids rose by 601% to $859,000. However, despite the continued increase in transaction volume, it is clear that only a small number of users are now active after the release.
After the daily activity of the WAX blockchain increased by about 30%, the daily activity data of all dapps in May finally fell by 30%. This is caused by a significant decrease in the user base of gambling dapp EarnBet. 7. Conclusion The analysis in May 2020 shows that when there is no overall systemic influence affecting the entire blockchain field, the performance of each blockchain is determined by its own internal motivation. As far as Ethereum is concerned, high fuel costs have severely hit price-sensitive activities, such as games; at the same time, the high-value activities of DeFi and exchanges remain unaffected, and even further increase their value. For TRON and EOS, in the absence of attractive and novel dapps, their value changes have followed their long-term trend. Unlike WAX, the substantial increase in value of WAX is due to the successful launch of the Garbage Pail Kids collection. Promoted. At the same time, Steem and Hive started the first long-lasting battle for prestige in their divided communities.
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区块链游戏还有未来吗?
目���区块链游戏还是畸形状态,并不是开发者的想法不够好,而是现阶段区块链基础设施等发展还不完善,效率低下的区块链网络无法满足人们当前对游戏质量的需要。

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Hex Coin founder Richard Heart rings the warning bells about SafeMoon, claiming it to be a ponzi scheme.
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TRONBANK SCAM?! TRON BANK СКАМ?!
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pDO6uiff5Bs FOMO 3D Launch Day Revealed! PoWH 3D Next Wave via http://syndicator.myimplace.com/fomo-3d-launch-day-revealed-powh-3d-next-wave/ approved by https://www.google.com
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Is there the next for DeFi? Balancer is attacked again
After CertiK captured the Balancer attack at 2 am on June 29th, at 8 pm and 11: 23 pm Beijing time on June 29th, CertiK Skynet system (Skynet) again checked two balancer DeFi contract exceptions with similar axioms, The two exceptions occurred in block number 10360609 and block number 10361515 respectively. Distinctive from the attack on the 29th that simply exploited contract vulnerabilities, this time the hacker cleverly used the Compund financial model, and created a lot of COMP tokens out of nothing. The star DeFi project was attacked 3 x in a single day, making supporters concern yourself with the ongoing future of the entire DeFi market.

Event overview On June 29th, following the attackers borrowed tokens from the dYdX flash loan and minted them, they obtained cWBTC and cBAT tokens through uniswap flash loan, and then traded the borrowed tokens in a lot of Balancer token pools, thereby triggering Compound The airdrop mechanism of the protocol is always to have the airdropped COMP tokens, and then utilize the susceptible gulp() function of Balancer to update the number of token pools, then take all tokens and reunite the flash loan. The attacker is the same as exploiting the compound protocol's financial model, lightning loan and Balancer code vulnerabilities, and has COMP out of nothing, and the sum total profit is all about 11. 5ETH. CertiK analysis: psychological profile of the attacker
The two attacks at 8 pm and 11 pm on June 29th used exactly the same technique and used exactly the same payment address, that was confirmed as a team. Although those two attacks and the 2AM attack on the 29th both used the gulp() of the Balancer contract, the attack practices were different. The latter two attacks used the vulnerabilities of Compound's financial model instead of pure code vulnerabilities. In addition , the make money from the last two attacks is a lot smaller compared to make money from the very first attack, and the hacker who completed the very first attack does not have any motivation to attack again. CertiK judged that the last two attacks were imitation attacks using similar axioms 14 hours following the first attack. New DeFi Security Challenge
This attack mainly utilized vulnerabilities in the style of the financial model, instead of vulnerabilities at the code level. This new attack mode bred by the DeFi market makes the sole "code audit" service of most blockchain security companies useless. Conventional security technologies that only concentrate on the code level and cannot analyze the abstract model cannot deal with the brand new challenges brought by DeFi at all. And DeFi without model-level protection can just only be paid off to a hacker ATM that is acquainted with the DeFi financial model. Does DeFi security warning do more harm than good? This imitation attack has caused many people to question the blockchain security company: Will the analysis articles of the security company teach more folks just how to attack? Why have various safety warnings not improved the safety environment? Do we actually need security warnings? CertiK's standpoint is that not just safety warnings are essential, but in addition faster and deeper! Unlike conventional pc software systems, all transactions and all contract calls on the blockchain are open and transparent. After the attack, the transaction records on the blockchain would be the most simple textbook for hackers. Blockchain security companies must issue early warnings before imitation attacks to safeguard related companies. However , the recent frequent attacks prove once more that security warnings are definately not enough, and cannot change the present security status of DeFi and even the entire blockchain. Is there still a opportunity for DeFi security?
To be able to necessarily change the security status quo of DeFi, we should introduce new security mechanisms for new smart contracts (such as DeFi, IoT). This security mechanism must be able to perform model-level analysis, and must be able to adjust to the development of new kinds of contracts, and attempt to intercept it during an attack, instead of warning after an attack. The CertiK team is having a new secure DeFi mechanism predicated on CertiK Chain-CeDeFi (Certified DeFi)-that can be trusted DeFi, that may completely change the present passive security status later on. Attack reduction Take the attack on Balancer at 11 pm for instance: 1: Borrow three tokens of WETH, DAI and USDC through lightning loan from dYdX, the amounts are 103067. 20640667767, 5410318. 972365872 and 5737595. 813492 respectively. 2: Utilize the tokens obtained in 1 to mint the three tokens (cETH, cDAI and cUSDC). Step 3: Use uniswap to borrow (borrow) and mint (mint) cWBTC and cBAT tokens through flash loans. Step four: Bring the obtained cWBTC and cBAT to the token pool. Currently, the number of cWBTC and cBAT owned by the attacker are 4955. 85562685 and 55144155. 96523628, respectively. Step five: Use cWBTC and cBAT to conduct a lot of transactions in the token pool respectively, thereby triggering the Airdrop operation to distribute the unattributed COMP to the token pool. Step six: Call the gulp() function to synchronize the present number of COMP to the Balancer smart contract, and remove cWBTC, cBAT, and the additional COMP put into the token pool. When exiting the token pool, the number of cWBTC and cBAT owned by the attacker can also be 4955. 85562685 and 55144155. 96523628. However , as a result of additional COMP generated with a large number of transactions in the token pool, the attacker obtained additional COMP tokens. Here, the attacker can also choose to directly enter other token pools, reuse the attack practices from step one to step six, and get additional COMP tokens. Step 7: Repay the flash loans of uniswap and dYdX and leave the marketplace. Step 8: The attacker can still utilize the same method (step 1 to step 7) to launch attacks on other token pools. The attack mechanism is comparable, however the kinds of tokens borrowed through flash loans and used to attack are slightly different.
Reference link: news:
Chinese News:
Original analysis:
Attack transaction history at 8 pm on the 29th:
Attack transaction history at 11 pm on the 29th:
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Co-founder of Chainlink: DeFi applications need to focus on data quality and source

Chainlink co-founder Sergey Nazarov believes that some oracles ignore the quality of data, the quality of node companies, and the guarantees provided to users by node companies, that might cause a large-scale failure of DeFi. Original title: "DeFi Builders ignores data-related risks, that might cause large-scale failures" Written by: Camila Russo Facts have proved that the way in which blockchain applications obtain data is essential, as the failure of those systems is among the most core of numerous new attacks in DeFi. Sergey Nazarov stated that most activities in the entire blockchain ecosystem currently occur in the aspects of DeFi, insurance and gaming. He's happy to see more and more centralized businesses start to decentralize some of their companies.
Next couple of months, he's most getting excited about continuing to guide DeFi, increasing the total amount of data input given by Chainlink, and increasing incentives for node companies. In the foreseeable future, finance will increasingly be based on blockchain technology. These is the main interview: The significance of oracles for DeFi is that some contracts need to connect to external data. For instance , they need to know the price changes, in line with the insurance contract, they need to know if the goods have now been delivered, how a goods are stored all through transportation, or they need to know whether there is rain to pay for the farmers the insurance coverage. These higher-level contracts all need the capacity to comprehend these contents. Now, people could have some misunderstandings. Although they've been called smart contracts, they should actually be called tamper-proof digital protocols, because what they really do is create records and record events. Nevertheless the system that truly runs the smart contract won't have the capacity to truly comprehend these events. This is actually the alleged oracle. It may comprehend and provide some unknowable information for the device. The huge difference between an oracle and a blockchain The problem by having an oracle is that the smart contracts or logic executed in these blockchain surroundings can not access external data because of the security requirements of the blockchain. The security of the blockchain prevents access to some information through internal logic. Oracles have certain concepts borrowed from blockchains, however they aren't blockchains. I believe the issue with some solutions is they try to adopt certain blockchain concepts and try to fully apply them to the oracle, ignoring the huge difference. The oracle centers around solving a totally different problem. The oracle has to obtain uncertain, unverified, and insecure (and sometimes unreliable) data from elsewhere, and put it in to a system that may improve its reliability. The first basic huge difference here's that the oracle must process data from other systems. The oracle is not designed to produce a deterministic closed system. Actually , it's a nondeterministic system that attempts to utilize data with security or reliability problems, and uses some encryption techniques to verify the foundation of the information to make sure that the Generally, these data are generally of good quality. As an example, some people use dynamic membership (Dynamic Membership) to create an oracle system. Dynamic membership allows random people to appear and become processed. Chainlink does indeed not need this kind of solution. Chainlink's plan is to provide node companies. These node companies can prove their data security and reliability. Then, the smart contracts between these node companies and users form something called a site agreement. On the chain, it is possible to obtain data delivered by node companies with a specific quality and frequency. Perhaps not making time for data quality. Recently, there have been some issues in DeFi, some of which are set off by wrong oracles or price mechanisms. One of many major DeFi crashes was the failure of the MakerDAO clearing system, partly as the price update speed was too late during the Tai Waterfall period. There clearly was also a bZx attack at the beginning of the year, possibly as the attacker manipulated the pricing of Uniswap and Kyber. It may be seen that there's a problem with the pricing, and the oracle system will cause DeFi to be attacked and cause issues for the DeFi application. Can the oracle solution avoid these issues? Are these issues inherent in DeFi applications? These issues aren't inherent. They are issues with the style of certain applications. During that time, there have been no users who suffered losses because of the usage of Chainlink's oracles. I think, some oracles have ignored their dangers, ignored data quality, and ignored the quality of node companies and the guarantees provided to users by node companies. You can view that people are solving this dilemma in the next two ways. One way is by using the blockchain, after which copy everything in the blockchain to the oracle. This often misses the main element problems to be solved. The key problem to be solved by the oracle is highly reliable, highly secure, and highly available access to external systems, and so they do not even know whether these systems are secure. Therefore , the very first question is "this is really a different blockchain. " The 2nd problem is this one or two oracle mechanisms already exist, and data quality is not considered. They fundamentally ignore the following actual situation: In old-fashioned finance, there are a large number of successful data businesses (such as Bloomberg, Reuters, and so forth ) that eliminate data-related risks in an extremely competitive market. Lots of people create both data businesses and computer software providing you with data transmission security. They have never created a data company, and will ignore some of the risks that data brings. Chainlink will not actually generate data. We provide incentives to data providers such as for example Bloomberg and Reuters to obtain supreme quality data, leaving the issue of data to seriously experienced data aggregation teams. Chainlink centers around transmitting data appropriately and ensuring the foundation of the information to the maximum extent. Some oracle machines first integrate two exchanges to look for the selling price of assets. Next, a third exchange appeared and got most of the trading volume. Quite simply, the trading amount of the exchange that's been incorporated into the oracle system only accounts for a tiny portion, so is the price simple to manipulate? The cause of this dilemma is that whenever the trading volume is used in another exchange, there's absolutely no alert mechanism, which creates a massive risk. If the oracle works on the single exchange to define the price, just how to predict the trading amount of that exchange, specifically for some tokens which can be rarely traded? The sole reason these very dangerous modes haven't aroused people's discussion is that there's currently no loss of the level of Mt. Gox. Some self-made oracles use data from a certain exchange, and so they would not have the capacity to deal with these risks. If your problem does occur, the entire DeFi field will soon be plunged into darkness. People may use any oracle mechanism they like. But people should comprehend it is never as simple as connecting to the API. Chainlink's mechanism centers around security and provability, and I will be very lucky to utilize top data providers. We have been dealing with as many folks as possible to make sure that experienced teams provide top quality data and deal with various security system risks. For instance , market coverage risk or manipulation attacks, but these attacks haven't been experienced by people. And so i suggest that people you should think about whether to entrust their fate to oracles that not even comprehend the risks of these design.
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The more successful DeFi on Ethereum, the more dangerous it is?
Recently, Nervos Chief Architect Jan Xie accepted an interview with blockchain business intelligence supplier Flipside Crypto to talk about the logic behind the layered architecture and its own effect on the growing DeFi. This short article is organized in line with the interview. Original link:

Challenges faced by Bitcoin and Ethereum The normal challenge for Bitcoin and Ethereum is scalability. Might issue of Bitcoin is sustainability. For Bitcoin, significant issue that's usually over looked is sustainability. Put simply: "Will Bitcoin last for 100 years? " Bitcoin's issuance curve (halving every 4 years) and transaction fee model imply that miners will receive less and less rewards for protecting the network, unless the Bitcoin price is every 4 years. Double the entire year or increase transaction costs. The initial case is very uncertain, as well as impossible. The second situation will form a vicious circle: high transaction fees wil dramatically reduce on-chain activities, and the reduced amount of on-chain activities requires higher fees. At present, Bitcoin's "store of value" and layer 2 scalability goals reduce steadily the transaction activities of the initial layer, as well as reduce steadily the cost of paying miners and protecting network security. The more successful DeFi on Ethereum is, the more dangerous Ethereum is. Ethereum faces different challenges, which we call the “asset-heavy problem”. Ethereum pays ETH to miners to incentivize consensus and ensure network security. However , Ethereum carries numerous tokens, which enjoy the security of Ethereum but have not contributed to the growth of Etherum's security. Alternatively, ETH holders must pay continuous storage costs for them (by creating ETH to pay for the miners). Actually , the more successful these non-ETH tokens (such since the development of DeFi), the more desirable Ethereum is to attackers. At the same time, the security of the network hasn't increased compared to the full total value of most tokens stored on the network. Ethereum's economic model contradicts the ecosystem it promotes. If there is no sustainability, the blockchain will ultimately encounter a rise ceiling. The more successful, the faster the growth, the earlier the inherent bottleneck may be withstood. We believe that they are the most important problems to be solved to create a undoubtedly decentralized and sustainable blockchain network. And only via a new design can these problems be solved. Work with a layered architecture to guard Permissionless and ensure scalability. Because DeFi currently has some risks in smart contract platforms such as for instance Ethereum (see the content on smart contract risks in DeFi), Nervos also gave its in this regard solution. Nervos' solution may be the Cell model, which really is a generalization of the Bitcoin UTXO model, a model designed specifically for storing multi-asset and layered architecture. The rewards that miners receive are directly proportional to the transaction activity, and the token holding time. We made Nervos very easy and abstract, so it can evolve gradually. Along with a proper economic model, we believe it'll keep going longer than our personal. The benefit of a system is normally its main disadvantage. For blockchain, both derive from consensus. We trust the blockchain because anyone can take part in verifying transactions. But consequently, this limits scalability, because every vote and transaction must be broadcast and processed by everybody. Let us take a good look at the two extremes of scalability. One is that individuals have a centralized system that can scale well, but only one entity can verify the outcome. One other is that individuals have a decentralized system where everybody can verify every thing, however it can not be scaled up. If you want to make the blockchain a value storage system accessible to everybody on the planet, undoubtedly verifiable and trustworthy, then your only possible choice is to let everybody verify every thing. So this also makes the layered solution the only option for scalability. That is also the look principle of Nervos: the purpose of the initial layer is security, finality and decentralization, and the purpose of the 2nd layer may be the pursuit of scalability.
Promote the decentralization of the network with the easiest possible algorithm. The most crucial feature of Bitcoin is its permissionlessness. No matter who controls the token supply or hash rate, the system is obviously ready to accept newcomers. Obviously, this will have funding requirements for participants, however the process it self is open and fair. At any given moment, whether Bitcoin's computing power is targeted at 70% or 20% isn't critical, so long as this is a permissionless network, then it is going to be decentralized. This can be a dynamic system, and we should observe it in the long river of time. As technology advances, power generation can be more dispersed. I also believe that energy resources like solar, wind, and hydropower are more dispersed than resources such as for instance pre-distributed tokens or reputation (for PoS). In addition , we also need to make ASIC as popular as you possibly can to ensure that anyone can mine. Because of this , why we designed a new hash function Eaglesong, which centers around safety, novelty and simplicity. Novelty implies that there is absolutely no existing hardware optimized for Nervos ahead of the mainnet launch, so everybody starts from the same starting line. Simplification means easier hardware manufacturing and easier decentralization. Based on our current situation, this design decision has additionally brought very good results. Because the launch of Nervos CKB, the difficulty of mining has increased by a lot more than 100 times within six months, and about 3 ASIC vendors are competing together. PoW networks aren't inherently safe. Only PoW networks that can be successfully started are safe. I do believe we now have done it. Lower the barriers to entry, introduce more developers to become listed on the brand new notion of DeFi ecology, new developers, new users. The design of the DeFi ecosystem is currently too much afflicted with Ethereum: tokens are concentrated in ERC20 contracts; transactions should be hashed by Keccak and signed by Secp256k1; transaction fees should be paid in ETH, even if the transaction fails, it should be paid in ETH; Early trading is too easy etc. DeFi on Nervos will be completely different. First, Nervos uses different signature algorithms to verify transactions, meaning DeFi may be supported by more devices. 2nd, Nervos' acceptance of nonnative tokens allows more users to access DeFi. Third, Nervos transactions are deterministic, which makes it difficult for miners to conduct early transactions. Because the design of the Nervos blockchain pushes many functions to top of the layer, DeFi on Nervos will naturally rely more on open transactions (layer - 5) and layer 2 protocols. I am hoping we could bring some new ideas to this space. A prosperous DeFi ecosystem needs builders. On Nervos, developers aren't restricted to using Solidity, you don't need to learn a new language to produce smart contracts. This free choice lowers the barriers to entry for developers beyond your blockchain community, allowing more developers to enter the nascent DeFi ecosystem. One of the benefits of the layered architecture is that the beds base layer can remain neutral, while allowing top of the layer to be customized for different regulatory conditions in various countries and regions. As a result of this, we could also earnestly cooperate closely with different institutions based on this characteristic. For example , Nervos and Huobi public chain cooperate to expand the Chinese DeFi market. Allowing users from different countries and cultures to utilize DeFi requires tremendous effort and understanding of the market. We shall continue steadily to explore and strive to achieve this goal as soon as possible.
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About the recent hot and unusual DEFI's side-to-side battle
This year's currency circle serves as a packed with thrills and excitement. First, Bitcoin broke ten thousand dollars at the start of the year, which attracted countless visitors to wave the flag and shout, as though one hundred thousand dollars were before them. Then in March, once the global assets collapsed, the currency circle also staged A "Desperate Diving" directly caused many people to "leave the currency circle completely"; then it began to have good and the bad, plus some projects also fought straight back. After months of tossing, it developed to the current currency circle. Kind of situation. Today, the currency circle is calm on the surface, in fact it has already been undercurrents. Some main-stream coins have quietly given up positions, plus some projects have grown to be the focus of much attention.

There is absolutely no doubt that the absolute most eye-catching items in those two months are the DEFI projects. Maybe you can still find people who don't understand DEFI. All things considered, in the currency circle, irrespective of how fast you are, there are several slower than you. Lots of people just pay attention to a name and know it but do not know why. Moreover, I will explain demonstrably to every one in the vernacular, after which discuss comprehensive, some of the current status of DEFI, and what the future of DEFI might appear to be. 1 . Talk about DEFI in an easy-to-understand way Routine, first may be the literal interpretation of the name: DE is Decentralized, FI is Finance, together it is the abbreviation of DEFI (Decentralized Finance), needless to say, it's also called Open Finance.
DEFI actually identifies a decentralized protocol used to create an open economic climate, which aims allowing anyone in the world to conduct financial activities any time, anywhere. Wait one minute, it would appear that this explanation is too large, can you say something which every one can understand? can. DEFI would be to directly replace individuals with code automation in financial activities by way of a one-stop operation, not forgetting the efficiency improvement, but also directly eliminates the "sickness" of human operation.
DEFI applications include decentralized exchanges, derivatives, payments, digital assets, as well as other types. However , Belden might be a logic. The core would be to replace the role of people in financial activities with smart contract codes. Decentralized exchanges are DEX, payment may be the Lightning Network, and digital assets are like some DEFI. Stable coins... Derivatives really are a bit special, and I will explain them later. 2. The recent madness of DEFI The thought of DEFI was actually proposed since 2018, however when it certainly shined, it had been recently. Why? Due to skyrocketing! In the past, the absolute most famous DEFI project was the stablecoin project like MAKERDAO, as well as other projects were ostensibly dormant. However , recently this token about the concept of DEFI has been constantly rising and rising! It looks like there is no ceiling. The first to ever bear the brunt may be the foreign super-hot project compound. Its token comp used to increase tenfold in one single day. Within a fortnight following its launch on June 16, the first price of 0. 08 ETH (approximately US$18. 5) Completely forward, the best rise to 381. 89 US dollars, the best increase is close to 20 times.
Moreover, because of the crazy rise as well as other facets, compound successfully realized the login to coinbase, because coinbase's currency selection and listing will always be very strict, meaning that DEFI has completely established the image of "tall" abroad. This has triggered a spiral increase in users. Until recently, the amount of compound locked (in fact, the mortgaged assets) has reached significantly more than 700 million US dollars.
Still another representative token of DEFI, LEND, has also increased by nearly 30 times from the bottom of the year for this, that has caused a lot of tickling insiders...
Along with COMP and LEND, the decentralized DEFI project's tokens BNT, KNC, LINK, LRC, REP, REN, and so forth have all increased by significantly more than BTC and ETH this year. The information are the following:
A great many other DEFI projects will also be surging, such as for example SNX, IDEX, DMG, and so forth, which may have also caused a lot of enthusiasm in the currency circle. Based on the ranking of DEFI projects by. defipulse, it could be seen that the DEFI projects of decentralized lending take into account 1 / 2 of the most effective ten, and the residual decentralized exchanges, payments, assets, and so forth also occupy a location.
For some time, individuals from all walks of life were excited about DEFI, and began to search for DEFI projects every-where, wanting to just take the opportunity to produce a fortune. Recently, a trading platform Hufu (HOO. com) just stepped on the wind, and the united states directly launched the comp for the first time, and gained the popularity of DEFI. It has gained a lot of traffic, after which it is continuously increasing. There are many DEFI projects, and it may be considered extremely popular for a while. Its founder reviewed the current situation and create a DeFi special development fund, which is used to guide the stable development of blockchain decentralized finance, and it may be regarded as a relatively beneficial contribution to DEFI. Some friends may not know Hufu. In fact , this exchange can be an old brand. It started as a wallet after which transformed in to an exchange. The volume of spot transactions and the amount of spot transactions far exceed those of second-line trading platforms; platform lending and custody The business is promoting smoothly. The existing loan amount 's almost 100 million U. S. dollars, and the monthly turnover of custodial merchants has exceeded 20, 000 BTC. I've tried many innovative products before to attract traffic, like the auction of algo and IEO of nervos, and so forth This time the particular capture of DEFI seems unintentional. In fact , one minute on stage, 10 years of work off stage, the project is condensed behind it. Follow the team's efforts. Additionally , Hufu's boss Wang Ruixi is also a particularly interesting person. The stranger has some personal relationships with him. He also wrote articles about him "The Past of the Tiger”. Hahaha, I will perhaps not expand it anymore, otherwise I am afraid someone will run. To the contrary, I thought it had been a hard job for the tiger talisman.
Although the domestic exchanges were a bit slower, each of them swept up immediately. In accordance with CoinMarketCap data, the Comp token is currently on line on significantly more than 40 centralized exchanges in China. Among them, some trading platforms have also launched Comp contract trading, allowing users to go short; the derivatives exchange FTX has brought a step further, in addition to the COMP contract, the DeFi index quarterly contract, perpetual contract and leveraged tokens are simultaneously launched, allowing users to The whole DeFi field is short. And some perhaps not especially well-known projects, such as for example Tron-based synthetic asset platform OKS, have now been successively grabbed by a few exchanges. This situation is really surprising. Other DEFI-related projects have now been queued up on the schedules of some exchanges, and when the time is right, they are going to roar to the market. What's a lot more funny is that some projects such as for example Dforce. Even though their token DF has been launched on many exchanges, their team actually did not intervene. Anyone in charge reluctantly claimed: “Most of these went directly without contact, some ahead of time. Say hello (listed currency). " This sort of "strong upper" is apparently an unspoken rule in the crypto market, plus some exchanges use "help you to advertise" being an excuse for prevarication. All in all, throughout June, the currency circle was ostensibly immersed in the warmth brought by some DEFI projects, and also the broader market was affected to a certain degree. It really is no exaggeration to say that days gone by June can nearly be called "DEFI Month. " And DEFI established fact to every one in the currency circle, and after it has changed into a spot for hype, the test of DEFI has just begun. 3. Problems faced by DEFI You said that DEFI is really hot, is it roaring or perhaps not? Now needless to say it is roaring! All things considered, the current currency circle is really difficult, and any direction that can bring heat to the currency circle is precious.
I must say that it's a bit enchanting that DEFI is blowing in a gust of wind. Even though every thing is correct, all things considered, in the currency circle, every thing is good so long as it rises, but DEFI still has some inherent problems. If these problems can't If resolved, development may belong to chaos.
To start with, DEFI is usually to be built in line with the prosperity of the currency circle. Even though it emphasizes that it's "decentralized finance", decentralization is only an application, and the core vocabulary is finance. Since the saying goes, "If there is no skin, Mao will soon be attached. "? When the currency circle is not actually undergoing an essential bull market, the prosperity of DEFI actually ensures that the currency circle is currently in serious involution... how will you say? This means that DEFI's current rise actually has its limits. When the limit is estimated, whoever is left will be able to be satisfied with peace. This sort of thing can just only be achieved beautifully by big capital; Secondly, DEFI it self is not perfect, which will be associated with the innate attributes of smart contracts. The larger the complexity of something, the larger the likelihood of problems. If something goes wrong with some DEFI projects, it isn't a trivial problem. Consider N money, as the code bugs are locked up and cannot be removed. It's so sour... ahem, besides, there is a invest the currency circle. The milk may be the mother. How many hackers are staring at the smart contract, every single day they've been gearing around make some make money from it. The decentralized DEFI system Uniswap, LENDF and CODEX have had serious problems... As for the specific details, I will write articles later. Again, in short, it is actually risky to deposit profit the DEFI system... Once more, once the forest grows up, you will find all kinds of birds. DEFI's limelight will immediately generate a lot of followers. If you want to hurry up on hot projects, copy codes, and participate in fraud, all things considered, the currency circle, unless you hurry up I am afraid I can not even eat the hot shit when I start. The ecology of DEFI might be confused. However , this is a stubborn disease inherent in the currency circle, and it will not just eventually DEFI. Any hot currency circle looks like this. They are also some of the derivatives of DEFI stated earlier, which are now "alternative capital disks". This sort of DEFI is really embarrassing. Participants should needless to say try not to lose their assets in vain due to these rat shit. Finally, the threshold of DEFI has to be further lowered. In these days, many people participating in DEFI are only residing at the idea of buying on the trading platform. The actual participants in DEFI are now some senior capital veterans and wool parties. They eat both of the earnings of DEFI, and earn interest and currency profits. They're stupefyingly stable, and there's some residue left. Fans let retail investors take over. DEFI has yet to further simplify the complexity, to ensure that ordinary people can participate more easily, otherwise, they are going to always be smashed, even the strong sheep won't be able to hold it. I wrote a lot of DEFI's faults in a scattered way. Isn't there many people who suddenly felt fear? Can there be the next for DEFI? Don't worry, let us look down. Fourth, the future of DEFI In fact , the view of DEFI varies from person to person. All things considered, your honey, your arsenic, any new thing is developed with controversy. And in the currency circle, I am perhaps not afraid of controversy at all. The more intense the argument, the better. I am perhaps not afraid to getting people's heads in to dog's heads. I am afraid of obscurity... As for some of the problems stated earlier, they've been inevitable pains in growth.
Everyone else should grasp one thing, that's, so long as the currency circle continues to produce, the future of DEFI will become increasingly more space. The development of the currency circle is truly a means of continuous siphoning of the real economy, and DEFI is really a method to optimize and re-allocate the assets that enter the currency circle after the siphon is completed. As for if to buy tokens with the idea of DEFI will become rich, it is a topic where the benevolent sees the benevolent and the wise sees the wisdom. All things considered, the currency people care about if the tokens will rise. If the hero is simply on the basis of the rise, that is certainly Very incorrect. The popularity of DEFI will surely perhaps not continue to be so high. All things considered, this wave of DEFI's popularity is drawn from abroad. The loan of comp, namely mining, makes many foreigners feel fresh, however when it is put in China, the old leeks are typical This behavior has been bombed by mining, therefore the attitude must be a lot more plain, smiled slightly, never smoked, but satirized the foreigner who had never seen the world. In my opinion that with the passing of time, foreigners can also remember it.
The next step is to check forward to if the bull market is coming. If there is an outstanding bull market in the future, DEFI is still invaluable. Whether it's decentralized lending or decentralized exchanges and DEFI-based stablecoins, it might be in the currency Min hand is available in handy. If it certainly becomes a booster for the bull market, this gameplay of DEFI is really incalculable. If you want to study or ambush DEFI tokens, you could as well head to Hoo. com. So , the question is, when will the bull market in the currency circle come? Waiting on line, really anxious...
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Let's create dApp together? The type of bag meeting! _ Neo column
Developing on Neo In the last article "Developing on Neo", Neo's overseas columnist Luca Fuster shared his studying experience about dApp development, and initially tried to develop a calculator model that may multiply two numbers. This short article will mainly cover the following points -The development tool on Neo: neon-js repository -The two basic elements of dApp development: smart contract and front-end -The purpose of React language On-chain dApp development First, I take advantage of the neon-js on-chain tool, which is a JavaScript repository which allows calling, investing, and smart contract development. You will find it by searching neon-js github and finding the documentation site, as proven below:

Following the installation is complete, it will enter the two stages of dApp development, namely front-end and smart contract.
Starting from the front end, I need to use the JavaScript repository of the respond language and create a project template by means of create-react.app. react is really a development device in line with the JavaScript programming language. Produced by Facebook to build consumer interfaces, also referred to as front ends. Essentially with it, you can see the visual results produced by this program in the internet browser.
To write smart agreements, I find the Python growth vocabulary. Enter the primary function, which only needs two parameters procedure, args and something operation Mul.
I actually moved the contract to neo-local to facilitate the compilation and deployment of the contract on the network. Then use the COZ password to open up the wallet and enter the sc assist command. Now, I can see the following execution step: two instructions sc build and build work are provided. sc build can be used to compile, and may convert files from programming language to the format that Neo Virtual Device can understand. Wise contracts have to be changed into awm files; build run would be to directly deploy the contract.
In this step, I was asked to point whether the deal uses storage space, dynamic calls, and fund. Since this contract does not need these, you merely need to enter False Fake False. Furthermore, when entering COZ Github, I was able to enter the correct parameter type (in this case (0710 02)), and then deploy the contract, that ought to appear to be this: COZ Github:
The very last step of the smart contract requires entering the password of the wallet, then copying and saving the Hash for later use. Here is the Hash I received:
At this point, my React task template has been completely downloaded, and I can continue front-finish design. I additional the neon-js library to the task and entered yarn begin. In order to make this dApp perform multiplication, I created tables A and B with a default value of zero, and used Condition to shop their values:
To ensure that A and B to interact, I have to first create a form in which to enter information. For the specific process, please refer to this tutorial
This is the end result:
Now it's time to call the smart contract. Hook up to the neon-js library by importing the link below: import Neon from @cityofzion / neon-js. Import link
Here, I need to enter the last group of variables and duplicate the Hash preserved before:
caution When copying Hash, be sure to delete the 0x before it. I call the script through rpc query invokescript.
The final result is as follows:
Finally, I need to test if the calculation action is valid through the console below and enter the worthiness to be multiplied. According to the good execution of the smart contract, these values ??should be able to end up being multiplied. Or even, a message will appear, giving us with the precise located area of the Mistake and the tips required to fix it:
This is the end of the preliminary attempt for dApp growth. Actually, there's still a long way to visit complete a real dApp. I will continue to focus on studying the rules supplied in the neon-js repository: https://cityofzion.io/neon-js/, and make an effort to develop a real dApp without any help through continuous learning. I hope everyone likes this series and may make full use of Neo's development classes like me! ?? Past review -Developer Xiaobai really wants to develop on the chain, do you think I even now have a opportunity? - -NEP-5 contract development notes, live! Xiaobai can also learn-
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