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manleycollins · 5 years ago

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Journal Entry #29 - Let's Talk About The Elephants....Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Anxiety, and Depression....What Happened During the Process? And my visions?

JOURNAL ENTRY #29 Name: Manley M Collins Social Security Number: 5 7 9 - * * - 6 5 4 1 Date of Birth: 06/21 Place of Birth: Washington, District of Columbia Country of Birth: United States of America

Date: January 1, 2020

TOPIC: Let's Talk About The Elephants....Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Anxiety, and Depression....What Happened During the Process? And my visions?

DEPARTMENT: United States Department of Justice DEPARTMENT: United States Department of Education DEPARTMENT: United States Department of Health DEPARTMENT: United States Department of Transportation DEPARTMENT: United States Department of Labor

Reality has set in and subsided. Life can make someone decide on some tough choices.

Now, that I have spoken with the United States Department of Justice and United States Department of Defense, I am worthless now since my clearance is permanently removed and it is frown upon if anyone tries to fix it.

So, this post is the real talk about what truly transpired during the 10 year mental illness phase - crazy suppression. Up2Us Sports, DCPS, CNCS/AmeriCorps, and TeensRunDC, you were let off the hook because I am focusing more on my move than actually pursuing any additional civil suits/lawsuits and it is not worth it for a $2200 education award. Yamaha and Coleman PowerSports, I not pursuing you for $1800 dollars. South Carolina State University never produced a US president, DeVry/Keller definitely never produced a US president or any type of politician, and University of Phoenix never produced any politician. I played the Education Lottery and only won up to $50 dollars. I did lawsuits and got nothing even though harm and hurt was done. Homeless people have disability checks, veteran checks, pension checks, and other types of government checks. I gave money away and got nothing in sense of something that could be of value. Mother's death provided $1500 dollars because my stepfather/her husband decided to share with the kids. Biological father's death estate situation is totally unknown and I am moving on. My most precious stuff got taken away and nothing returned. My family, friends, and certain communities proved that they were nothing and I will be nothing in the United States of America. So I literally have the hardest life, I have to work for every penny and use it wisely. After analyzing my biological father's FaceBook profile, I literally saw everything about what life did to him and had so much real estate that no one wanted....and if we were not estranged or had animosity toward each other...I had the power and knowledge to run everything from Texas while living elsewhere. Yes, family I am the one who sent notification to FaceBook to memorialize his profile. I am asking Paris, France or Europe in general get me there....please get me there.

This is my plan. Letting Go: Washington, DC Up Next: South Carolina Researching: Massachusetts Practicing French culture: Canada Patiently Waiting to Begin New Venture: France (the other red, white and blue) and do everything all over again in a different country and different language.

First, around 2006, life directed me to start researching panic attacks and anxiety because while in Chicago I was very unhappy or depressed about a new city I did not know. I was listening to Missy Elliot's Moving On and had the longest one to two hour crying session that tears could literally fill a water pail. I was moving back to Washington, DC. I did not know the reason why, but I guess life saw something coming. Then in 2007 after my trip to Italy and Aruba and doing espressos, chocolate and alcohol, which never affected me before. No family member or anyone that had the condition did not warn me about what happens. The Atlanta home in Tucker, GA was for my love Monica, Philip, and me, and the kids we discussed having. At work at the US Department of Defense in Crystal City, I was working and something started happening while sitting at my desk. It was a calamity of emotions, deep suppression of being assaulted at work, stress of buying a new $600,000 DC home out of anger that the Atlanta $350,000 new home did not listen to my inspector's requests, and my brain all of suddened felt like it flipped. I calmly left work, but it was a scary thing. I was screaming and yelling out of my Ford Expedition at signal stop lights or traffic. I was driving through DC streets afraid to head back to my house in Fort Lincoln/Woodridge and went to my grandparents home in Petworth. Oh my God, my grandparents tried to calm me down, but I was screaming and yelling and they were telling me drink water, drink water. I was scared. My grandfather took me to Providence hospital and they initially confirmed it was anxiety. I was so ready to run from the hospital. So I called work and told them, 'I quit', but I got medicine to calm me down. It happened on a Wednesday or Thursday because I had time to recover. I did return to work the following Monday, but it was deeply quiet. I talked to the managers about the hit, but it seems for the remaining of my contract work I hardly could not do anything but have conversations while breaking down in tears. My contract ended in December 2007 and Northrup Grumman never did turn me permanent after I told them what Karl Kawano (a Hawaiian US Marine) did and everyone else (Ivory Banks served in US Navy and her husband - Mr. Donnie Banks, Mogana served in US Army, Chris served in US Marines, Ethan - an asian dude, a civilian India dude) defended his actions on assaulting me in the chest because I said, "Hello." in the hallway right outside the SCIF next to the elevators. I did called 911, but they did not come out because I was not injured. They all said and believed I was crazy because I was attempting to connect with them on creating a professional relationship based on various topics. At the same time, I did not pay enough attention to politics and the news. The United States was heading into an economic downturn. I could not find another job or contract after December 2007 so which lead to losing my 3222 Theodore R Hagans Dr NE home to foreclosure and all my stuff in PODS New Jersey thinking I was going to New York. For 3222 Theodore R Hagans Dr NE and I am still the first owner, the one who designed the house, and still use the address. I tried to rent it out, but I was not marketing fast enough. I went on a date with one of the Speed sisters, thought about the date hard, and then wrote a long, crazy detailed email about marriage, having kids, etc, from one of America's pressures to project a certain image. I tremendously had hard flashbacks on my previous relationships, such as loving Monica and kissing Kim.

In 2008, another whirlwind of losing control came and it was big. I did go to New York and stayed with Jewish guy in Harlem for a month, but my mind said return back to Washington, DC to 3222 DC home. I was getting treatment through DC Department of Mental Health on K Street NE, Kaiser Permanente when it was on North Capitol St NE, George Washington University Hospital and Washington Hospital Center. Something was happening physically, my body worked out so much mentally and physically, it said rest. I loss lots of time in resting. My largest rest period was sleeping for a full week. I use the medicine Klonopin and I fell asleep on Monday, did have intermittent wake ups to eat, drink and bathroom breaks, did not come back to norm until the following Sunday. During that rest period, my visions especially when I thought I open my eyes and could not see anything, I saw wars, heaven, hell, earth, the universe, the entire bible, and the foundation structure my mother brought me up on. It was a scary feeling because I tried to wake up and open my eyes, but when I thought I opened them, the vision is all I saw...nothing of today's reality. I experienced a serious loss of communication. I did bring my friends, and some family members to see the home. I met the neighbors. For some odd reason, my mind or it was injected thought go to New York. Mind you, my Ford Expedition is broken down in 3222 DC home garage, I had no job, and no money. Guess what my body did, it started the path of walking Route 1, it was a cool fall week around 60s...I was only drinking water. I only had a short sleeve t-shirt, abercrombie pants tie with shoe string, no underwear, and shoes without laces. I kept doing number 1 inside and outside my pants. I never had to do number 2. I loss track of time while walking Route 1. I remember WMATA bus did give me a ride up to Laurel. I just kept walking and no rest and the street signs kept saying Washington Blvd/Baltimore Ave. I did stop to a Goodwill Thrift store asking for a coat. Thank you Goodwill for the coat. It became night and I saw the beaming glow of Baltimore, but mind said, 'It was hell.' I diverted and headed onto the Interstate 695 trying to find Interstate 95 to New York. I got on the Interstate and it plenty of back and forth. A guy did stop and asked me where I was going. I just kept jumping in and out of his SUV, and not saying nothing...the I saw a vision of 'crack and cocaine' if I rode with him. I got out. I kept walking. Someone called 911 while I was walking and ask if I needed help. I ran on the opposite side of traffic because a thought of suicide came to mind. I never thought of suicide or hurting myself ever. But everyone stopped, looked, and got out and held me down until an ambulance came. They kept asking me my name since I did not have any identification or money on me. My mind kept saying give another name, but nothing came out, I thought about saying Kenneth. Another push of the entire Library of Congress came through me. I went to MedStar Harbor / Franklin Medical Center Hospital in Baltimore, MD, and it was happening at the time of voting and the Presidential Election because that was on television (Obama's re-election moment). MedStar Harbor Hospital / Franklin Medical Center confirmed I had schizophrenia and depression. People were talking to me, but I could not say a thing. They did a MRI and inserted dye into my brain for anything wrong. Nothing was abnormal. They did have strapped to the bed because the yelling and screaming returned. After a week at MedStar Harbor / Franklin Medical Center Hospital, they sent me to Sheppard-Pratt Psychiatric Ward. It was definite different. I got further needed rest. However, the nurses, case worker, and doctors did find out who I was and started me on Eli Lilly's Zyprexa 20mg and Celexa 20mg. I was slow and drowsy as heck and can only do one task for the day. My daddy (not my biological father) and his wife came and got me. I stayed with them in Upper Marlboro, MD and yes, they did get the funk of homelessness because the medicine knocked me out so hard I could not bathe as I normally do or change clothes as often. After DC Mental Health Dept, Kaiser, and MedStar Washington Hospital Center treatment plans and reducing the medicine, my final psychiatrist stated I needed to ween off the medication. He did not say why, but I guess the medication had some after effects. I applied for Social Security Disability and SSI, and was denied because of age, education, work experience, and illness not severe enough.

In 2010, I recovered and back to life living independently again and moved back to Washington, DC in an apartment and working for US Department of Transportation.

In 2012, I moved to Connecticut for United Technologies - Pratt and Whitney opportunities. I got an apartment and then the company I was with was not to be trusted because the work was only for six months and my apartment lease was a year. Infotech Enterprises (now Cyient) stated it was a year contract. So life threw me for a loop. I had to think fast so I moved to New York City, Manhattan, Chelsea area. Yes, I was living out of my Mercedes-Benz vehicle along with hotels, motels, and rented a room in Connecticut. At the same time, I was taking my medicine at night. However, with New York, so much was going on and so fast, I kept up, but I became mentally sick/ill when my work ended and no more money came. I had to think fast. My vision with New York and Connecticut was that I was a real Superman. I felt big, so powerful, like a Greek god, so affluent, and heavy spender thinking I was on top of my game and another job will come. I went from working out at Planet Fitness to the luxurious Equinox gyms. I was running and competing with teams. It was New York...nobody can compete. One evening in my sleep when all the voices in my head were swirling at a minimum, a large heavy voice said - Harvey, Illinois. Since the Mercedes-Benz failed emissions and I was out of work, I could not take the car or afford the payments anymore and car was repossessed, and I told all the MB USA headquarters and dealers that touched that car what a very bad experience that car and I had. In New York, you saw everything people giving, people taking, people in the nude, people dealing drugs, people drinking, people smoking, professional people who were homeless but was able to have new attire/underwear on a consistent basis, people in fashion, LGBTQ community, visitors/tourists, accidents, horns blaring, cops everywhere, filming movies/videos, festivals, parades, people yelling/arguing, kids all over the place, etc. My brain was processing it all. Since I made a decision not to take the car with me to Illinois to get to know my biological father's family, so as a part of illness, I had to physically toss some items that were true memorabilia and all my textbooks purchased from University of Phoenix in Connecticut's recycling and trash center. Someone caught me tossing the books and stated there was a stand or section I could donate the books. I lost some more precious stuff. So I bought a large army bag, Amtrak ticket, Armani bag, and TCS backpack, and headed to Illinois via Washington, DC. I did not tell the biological father's family I was coming...something indicated to me to see if they even accept me as family as I never lived with any of them.

In 2015, it was one hell of a year plus 2016 as hell went on. The Amtrak ride and community was tough. It was hard to sleep. I got there to Chicago. I made some calls. The first thing came out of everyone's mouth, "You did not tell us you were coming." I stayed still for a couple days at an aunt's house. I started doing paperwork and doing the stuff I did everywhere else. I even went back to Downtown Chicago and spent time in an old neighborhood. I started looking for work. I was still on my medications, but I was weening off. I felt very different and mentally ill. My medication was doing something different at a reduced dosage of 10mg. A good friend of mine was working and living in Kenosha, Wisconsin, and I was the godfather to her daughter. I applied to Amazon and got the job, but I stayed with her for a little while and could not stay because my friend (she) was going through professional job changes. I got the job a Moaz Vegetarian at Fashion Outlets of Chicago (Rosemont Mall). It was good and fun. I was taking the storage drives of information and data, and sending the photos, resumes, and stuff I was hoarding since 1999, when the invention of the digital cameras and camera phones started taking place. I sent back every picture to my friends, my biological father's family, my Nelson family, my maternal mother's family, and did not make it send New Jersey back the photos. I sent my resumes to all the churches I attended in South Carolina, Georgia, and Washington, DC. And at the mall while working at Moaz, I had the test to see if I still had mental illness. So someone brought me some Lindt chocolate, and it tasted so good. I went started eating the chocolate, and limited intake of caffeine while on the medication once a week. Oh my god, life and everyone I sent information too sent back the largest anxiety and hurt, I ever felt. The severe illness started March 27, 2016, then the severe onset happened Sunday, April 3, 2016 and lasted until April 10, 2016. The visions this time came pushing all the technology, such as facebook images, all the photos images, all my passwords, all my usernames, all superstitions, all the laws, whitman walker's we see you (I never knew the slogan), etc. I was sitting, nodding in and out of consciousness at various Starbucks, and Barnes and Noble bookstores, and I felt the power of the Catholics doing an exorcism of pulling my soul away from my body...and saying he is ready because the name of Cross schools came through a different way. The cops asked me if I murdered someone. I told them, "No." and my mind started racing again. Another suicide thought was being pushed to jump off N Wells Street bridge into the river...and I was literally standing at the edge of the bridge and looking at the water...later my mind returned me back to N State St bridge...again staring at the water preparing to jump. The flashback I heard as a kid was to my cousins Thurl, Marcus, and Arnold's father nicknamed Orange's story of jumping off Cross/Pineville bridge and drowning. At the library, I was nodding off hard and people were circling me to take my things. I was running up and down every street and block from Roosevelt and S. Clark St all the way to N Halsted St and W Fullerton Ave. Time was lost....night and day happened three times in one setting while riding the bus. Communication was lost because phone had all these options I did not remember turning on. The voices I heard was every single person from facebook, google, yahoo, all my families, all my friends, former colleagues, former classmates, Barack Obama, and the negative voices, such as I killed my mother by thoughts or childbirth, and then came the heavy voice at the end - Washington. My mind was racing so fast that I was running into things. I was crossing the streets while sleeping wide awake. Then a heavyset of reality aches, pains, and raw emotions fell upon me like I was about to be a cripple. Northwestern, Rush, and University of Illinois nursed me back to health, but confirmed my mental illness (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, anxiety, and depression) came directly from the family and all biological connections. I applied for Social Security Disability and SSI again - I was denied because of age, education, and work experience - my illness was not severe enough. Then, when all was settle and done, a cartoon repeatedly kept playing in my head with Lincoln and Washington playing ball like we were kids. April 3, 2016 is a date I will forever remember and stress to anyone I am not speaking to like I did before. I became a full fledged, non-caring adult like everyone else in the world. On and after April 3, 2016, I do not care about money, bills, any responsibilities, materialistic things, people, etc. If I am not interacting with you like I did before, I am combination of mother and father, but I am not either of them so do not expect what they did to you from me! Both mother and father has passed away, I am living for me, I am taking care of me. All decisions and blame stated I was the one to create the loss, I was the one that made people angry, I was the one that did the mistake, I was the one that caused all this, so I will be the one to move forward to a life I want and need. Yes, I own up to it and accept it. It will never happen again like this for the remainder of my life with the exception of doing it all again in Europe. Again, harder flashbacks happened regarding my previous relationships, again loving Monica hard and other girls that I fell for. I just never returned back to Atlanta.

In 2016, I returned back to Washington, DC acting like nothing happened. I applied for Social Security Disability and SSI again - and denied because of age, education, and work experience. I went back to work at the Pentagon, they invited me to work and within two weeks assaulted me a 2nd and 3rd time assuming the same result. I told this time and they took my clearance. I quit. The lawsuit case went further this time than the first. However, I did not get anything money wise or job wise, they did not fix my clearance, and here are the published files for anyone who have been assaulted by a military person or civilian contractor. Make sure you file under the Federal Claims Tort Act (you have to bring it up administratively through the US Dept of Defense before pursuing a civil suit). These are the files and links to the documents. Good luck to the next person or next generations. I met John, 77 years of age from Massachusetts, from my Washington Hospital Center Intensive Outpatient Therapy and he showed me I will be okay by myself as long as I have that one friend by my side and continue to take care of myself. The remaining crazy behavior I am left with is talking to myself or outloud quietly with mannerisms. I did admit to 9-1-1 about wanting to kill someone for upsetting my safe space, and sent MPD an email about someone murdering someone on a particular street.

In 2019, after one thousand plus (1000+) sex adventures and partners, the sex machine (me) had to pause the sexual activity June 2019 because New York, Atlanta, District of Columbia, Connecticut, New England, that unnamed city starts with "C", Midwest, and Maryland were sending people - two and three partners a week. Thanks Atlanta, Georgia for my paid, private sex worker days (undercover as a message therapist) - I was my own pimp. Yes, I thank the good Lord the ability to use all my blessed body parts to ensure every sexual or non-sexual partner have a happy ending. My job for adults over age 18 to make you nutt (necessary) or feel my nutt (not necessary). Yes, the mental illness medication at a higher dosage did slow down the activity and I played with Cialis and Levitra, but I really did not need Cialis and Levitra because it gave me a headache at any dosage and my penis hard for days close to a week. I was happy with my natural erections. Yes, if I stayed a paid sex worker I could have been a millionaire by now, but life did not want me to make money that way including for all the rules and laws I was breaking. I never pay for sex, but I will accept any complimentary funds or tips for my sexual actions. However, those humans showing their blessed goodies in good way on a stage or pole, I will be the first to step up to place and give those dollar(s) where it will be happy and get my feel of those parts. Another part of mental illness and before technology, I was actually keeping track of each and every partner details just so I could track back any possible STDs, then technology came and I tracked them in notepad and outlook personal information manager, then life stated I did not need to keep track of anything while I kept testing myself and taking care of myself. Again, for any relationship partner, I never cheated on you, all my sexual experiences and energy went directly to you when the decision to become monogamous, and the minute I left or you left the relationship I went back to my old ways.

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I have finally graduated from the University of Phoenix with a Doctor of Management. Yes, I am Dr. Collins. I have a hardcopy of my work published by ProQuest, copyrighted by me on record at the United States Copyright Office, and stored at Library of Congress. I did get my diploma in the mail and has been shown in previous post.

My celebration is small. If anyone who is not a doctor and knew me before I was a doctor calls me doctor, I will throw every fruit and vegetable to you and save the watermelon for last...ROTFL...Keeping it 100! I am still Manley or Marvell.

Law Schools for 2019-2020 Admissions Cycle Albany Law School - Applied - Transmitted Sent Boston College Law School - Applied - Transmitted Sent Charleston School of Law - Applied - Transmitted Sent Columbia University School of Law - Applied - Transmitted Sent Harvard Law School - Applied - Transmitted Sent University of South Carolina School of Law - Applied - Transmitted Sent Stanford University Law School - Applied - Transmitted Sent Yale Law School - Applied - Transmitted Sent University of Toronto Faculty of Law Osgoode Hall Law School, York University

Student loans fiasco. I am graduating with $130K in student loans with University of Phoenix has $85K of it, but I had suspect the University was going through something with so many campuses closing and downsizing. I was on track to do a civil lawsuit in Arizona (superior/circuit and federal court), and make available a class action suit for time spent and stress. However, God worked in mysterious ways....I give credit to the Federal Trade Commission, NBCNews, and Twan (a South Carolina friend) for letting me know University of Phoenix has to cancel student loan debt from students enrolled from 2012 to 2016. Since I was a student enrolled from 2011 to 2019, we are keeping fingers crossed, hair crossed, legs crossed and whole lot of prayers to see the outcome. University of Phoenix does not have a career center or career advisors so I am fishing on my own to find some type of job that can validate the doctoral degree. I have no employment at this time. This is the response I got from University of Phoenix Student Financial Services, "The settlement with the FTC only applies to outstanding invoices with the University of Phoenix for students that enrolled between 10/1/2012 - 12/31/2016. There is no loan forgiveness included in that settlement. Since there is no balance due on the account at this time your account will not be impacted by this settlement."

#Schizophrenia Bipolar Disorder Obsessive Compulsive Disorder OCD Anxiety Depression Graduation Commencement law school

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lets-carameth · 6 years ago

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A look at the Army’s Armed Reconnaissance Helicopter

This story about the Australian Military’s Tiger helicopter first appeared in the June 2019 edition of Australian Aviation.

Australian Army ARH Tiger Armed Reconaissance Helicopters operating together with HMAS Canberra. (Defence)

After protracted improvement and a troubled service entry, the Australian Army’s Airbus EC 665 Tiger Armed Reconnaissance Helicopter (ARH) has only lately began hitting its straps and providing its promised capability – one which has been almost 20 years in the making.

Chosen in December 2001 to fulfil Military’s AIR 87 requirement underneath a then $1.1bn acquisition contract, the first two Tigers have been accepted by the Commonwealth in December 2004 with the final of 22 plane delivered in late 2011.

The primary 4 Tigers have been manufactured by (then) Eurocopter at the firm’s Marignane manufacturing unit in southern France, whereas the remaining 18 have been assembled at the firm’s Pinkenba facility at Brisbane Airport.

A lot has been written about the delays and capability shortfalls experienced by the ARH program, with developmental issues, groundings, spares shortages and sustainment gaps, in addition to capability and performance shortfalls variously attributed to the program, some of which shall be described under.

Current capability

The Australian Military at present operates two squadrons – 161 and 162 – each of eight plane with the 1st Aviation Brigade (1Avn) at the Robertson Barracks in Darwin, and a training detachment of 4 plane based mostly at Oakey in southern Queensland.

As well as, one instrumented aircraft is assigned to Oakey for improvement work and to supplement the coaching fleet, and a further aircraft is assigned to 1Avn to cowl deep maintenance.

In April 2016 the Tiger ARH lastly achieved a full operational functionality (FOC), some seven years later than deliberate.

But a 2016 Australian Nationwide Audit Office (ANAO) report found the FOC milestone lacked definition, due partially to Army amending its Acceptance into Operational Service Plan to accommodate nine caveats.

These embrace the aircraft’s decrease than anticipated rate-of-effort and delays to its Canberra class LHD integration, as well as its EW self-protection system, IFF, datalinks, and mission planning system, all of which have been nonetheless thought-about developmental or incompatible with other ADF techniques.

The ANAO report also found that the helicopter continued to endure from decrease than expected serviceability charges, and that it faced rising obsolescence points.

Apparently, the ANAO report referred to a 2013 report by Defence’s Speedy Prototyping, Improvement and Evaluation (RPDE) organisation which discovered that upgrading the Tiger was a “high-risk activity” and that alternative options must be thought-about.

One in every of the key recommendations of the ANAO report was “that Defence assesses, and advises government, on the value-for-money in investing further in the Tiger aircraft fleet for only a short period of improved performance, against other alternatives”.

Further, the report stated this evaluation ought to keep in mind the associated technical risks of upgrading an aircraft which has not absolutely delivered the degree of capability initially expected by authorities.

“The 2016 Defence White Paper allocated $500-750 million to address the current capability requirements of the Tiger platform with a view to replacing the platform mid next decade, at a cost of some $5-6 billion,” the ANAO report famous.

“In effect, an upgrade is scheduled for consideration less than 12 months after the Tiger achieved final operational capability. Defence should conduct a thorough analysis of the value-for-money of investing further in the Tiger, pending the introduction of a replacement capability.”

In response to the ANAO’s suggestion, which it accepted, Defence stated it will “assess the best value for money and most effective capability for both the Tiger CAP and Tiger replacement. Recommendations on the timings for both programs will be considered at Gate Zero”.

Regardless of the aircraft’s disappointing improvement delays and sustainment system, its operators view the platform, including its dealing with qualities and general capabilities, very favourably. Despite having by no means been operationally deployed, in contrast to its French and German counterparts, the Australian ARH Tiger fleet leads the international fleet in its methods maturity and flight hours.

In July 2018, then Commander of Military’s 16th Aviation Brigade BRIG Steve Jobson wrote that he thought-about the Tiger a “truly world-class platform”.

“We have driven health into our Tiger organisations, with improved facilities, maintenance processes, reorganised workforce and collaborative operations,” he stated.

“Our Tiger pilots now fly greater than their friends overseas. Our Tigers deliver precision lethal results in training to more troopers of extra battalions and regiments of our personal and different friendly nations Military’s and Marine forces than ever before.

“Our Tigers now deliver reliability and performance that is the envy of the world: Proven reliability. Proven performance. No more conjecture. No more wishing. It’s happening.”

This is excessive praise certainly, notably in mild of the opposed ANAO findings from just two years previously.

“This is no longer the system we acquired,” he added. “It is now modernised with next era weapons, digitised connectivity, revolutionary techniques with unmanned aerial automobiles, and interoperability with the Royal Australian Navy, Royal Australian Air Pressure and our allies.

“The Tiger no longer just delivers tactical transactions. It has pulled the entire Army aviation capability into delivering theatre enabling, network centric, joint effects for the Joint Force Commander. Our reach and versatility now extends across all domains and components in ways you can only imagine.”

Tiger improvement points addressed, operators view general operational functionality favourably. (Defence)

Whether BRIG Jobson was pushing the case to retain the Tiger past the 2025 timeframe, or whether he simply needed to publicly reassure the remainder of the ADF that Tiger will retain a relevant capability proper up till that time, is unclear. Unfortunately now this is largely irrelevant, because it seems the Tiger’s fate has been sealed.

When requested on the sidelines of the 2019 Avalon Airshow about these constructive statements and the encouraging course through which the Tiger capability had been heading in recent times, Army’s Director Common Aviation BRIG John Fenwick informed Australian Aviation: “The White Paper is very clear, we need to start preparing to replace the aircraft in the mid 2025s.”

“Clearly, we are still watching the platform very closely and we are seeing improvements in it,” BRIG Fenwick stated. “But at the end of the day, government has given us very clear direction – we need to manage the aircraft to its full potential to 2025. So really our opinion is a moot point, it’s all about government direction. Now, if government tells us to change direction, we will comply accordingly.”

So, underneath current Defence planning, the Tiger is due to be upgraded underneath the $500-750m LAND 9000 Armed Reconnaissance Helicopter Functionality Assurance Program (ARH CAP) which can see the numerous obsolescence points managed until the mid-2020s, after which the functionality can be replaced.

This can be a vital watering down of the earlier $1-2bn AIR 87 Part 3 ARH CAP plan which had envisaged capability and performance enhancements, and life extension measures for a projected life-of-type into the 2030s.

A couple of speedy gadgets to be addressed underneath ARH CAP is the addition of newer Collins ARC-210 radios to switch older techniques which can soon not be supported and to raised integrate with ADF and allied methods, and the alternative of the aircraft’s gasoline tanks which have suffered from corrosion.

In the meantime, Military has addressed several of the FOC caveats, together with the communications and IFF points, and the adoption of an acceptable EWSP system. As well as, after a second spherical of First of Class trials late final yr and a successful deployment in April 2019 of 4 aircraft to Malaysia to hitch the LHD HMAS Canberra for the second half of the ADF’s Indo-Pacific Endeavour 2019 activity, the aircraft has been cleared to help amphibious and maritime operations from these vessels.

Later this yr, two plane are scheduled to be deployed to the US Navy’s digital warfare training vary at Yuma in Arizona to participate in Marine Aviation Weapons and Techniques (MAWTS) program to help develop a baseline for the aircraft’s electronic warfare system towards high constancy menace techniques.

The US Marine Corps’ MAWTS-1 is a unit devoted to the improvement of aviation techniques, and has an digital warfare Spectrum Warfare Division to fold EW into the Marines’ biannual Weapons and Techniques Teacher course.

An Australian Army Tiger fires its 30mm cannon during a combined arms live-fire exercise as part of Exercise Chong Ju 2019 at Puckapunyal Coaching Space, Victoria. (Defence)

ARH upgrade

Regardless of a comprehensive improve of the Tiger seemingly now off the table following the ANAO report and subsequent IIP language, Airbus has continued to develop the aircraft and has proposed a variety of capability and performance enhancements for the machine.

The corporate is at present implementing Tiger Mark II upgrades for the French Army’s HAP Tiger, the version commonest to Australia’s ARH variant. The Mark II will see the addition of latest Thales-developed laser-guided rockets, in addition to upgrades to the helicopter’s GPS receiver and CRPA antenna system.

In the meantime, the extra comprehensive Mark III upgrade program was launched by means of the European Organisation Conjointe de Coopération en matière d’Armement (Organisation for Joint Armament Co-operation, or OCCAR) with Tiger operator member nations France, Germany and Spain. OCCAR had tried throughout 2016 to get a dedication from Australia to hitch the Mark III improvement effort, however this has seemingly been in useless.

While the definition of the Mark III improve is but to be finalised, the program is working with Thales and MDBA to reinforce the Tiger’s avionics and mission methods, and to develop a brand new widespread air-to-surface missile to switch the current Hellfire and Spike missiles.

Rocket hearth: a Tiger unleashes on targets throughout Exercise Chong Ju. (Defence)

Attainable replacements

Without eager to pre-empt any alternative selections, the ANAO quoted the RPDE report as saying: “Alternate platform options should be considered. One option is the [Apache], although it is acknowledged that there may be other cost competitive platforms.”

The ANAO report then notes that in 2013 the then Defence Materials Organisation (DMO – now CASG) suggested the then Defence Minister that whereas “no in-depth analysis of the costs of acquiring the Apache had been undertaken since the initial tender process for AIR 87 Phase 2 in 2001; [and that] the figures identified in the 2013 [RPDE] report were ‘not considered reliable’; . . . that further analysis would be undertaken to develop options in the lead up to Gate Zero for the Tiger mid-life upgrade”.

Regardless of that evaluation, a like-for-like alternative of the Tiger by another assault or armed reconnaissance helicopter is probably not the end results of Defence’s deliberations, with the IIP proposing that “Defence will invest in a future armed reconnaissance capability to replace the Tiger, which could include manned or unmanned systems or a combination of both, to be introduced from the mid-2020s”.

If Defence is wanting at replacing the Tiger with another manned helicopter, there are really only two choices out there which would offer an identical capability while addressing lots of the identified interoperable deficiencies skilled with Tiger, these being the Boeing AH-64E Apache Guardian, and the Bell AH-1Z Zulu Cobra, or “Viper”.

Both of those aircraft are the latest developments of very mature methods, with many tons of of every sort in service with the US and other allied nations, including in our quick region.

The newest AH-64E Apache Guardian is at present being manufactured as new-build airframes for international clients, and remanufactured from AH-64Ds for the US Army. Originally designed as a heavy assault helicopter to defeat Soviet heavy armour in Europe, the Apache’s latest iteration adds improved endurance, interoperability with unmanned methods, and the means to interact maritime targets.

AH-64E improvement began in 2012, and adds more powerful GE T700-GE-701D turboshafts and an upgraded transmission, and new composite blades that provide a prime velocity of about 170kts and almost 50 per cent higher endurance than the AH-64D.

Two Apaches from the United States Military’s 6th Cavalry Regiment at a joint exercise with Australian forces. (Defence)

Other improvements embrace longer-stroke hydraulic shock strut touchdown gear for improved crash-worthiness, and a manned-unmanned teaming (MUM-T) system datalink enabling which permits the AH-64E’s co-pilot to remotely management and obtain knowledge from unmanned techniques akin to the US Army’s MQ-1C Gray Eagle, a improvement of the MQ-1A Predator.

There are also enhanced fire-control techniques with maritime modes to determine and target vessels at sea or in the littorals, Link-16 datalinks, and a brand new ground-fire acquisition system which may determine muzzle flashes from small arms, cannons and rocket-propelled grenades, and routinely direct return hearth from the plane’s onboard 30mm cannon.

Boeing can also be engaged on a complicated improvement of the AH-64E which may have wider span stub wings and a compound “pusher” tail rotor. The idea emerged amid ongoing delays to the US Army’s Future Vertical Raise plan and a requirement to maintain the AH-64 succesful nicely into the 2030s and probably past the sort’s current planned withdrawal by 2040.

Dubbed the AH-64E Block 2 Compound, the improvement options enlarged and permanently hooked up wings, a brand new engine exhaust association, a bigger vertical tail fin, and a rear-mounted “pusher” propeller, all of that are designed to provide the Apache larger velocity and vary compared to typical fashions.

Boeing estimates the Compound improvement will provide 50 per cent more velocity. Concept testing was as a consequence of have been completed earlier this yr and, if profitable, Boeing is predicted to pitch it as an alternative choice to extra radical designs for the US Army’s Future Assault Reconnaissance Plane (FARA) aggressive program.

The Bell AH-1Z lineage dates right again to the mid-1960s when the company tailored the familiar UH-1D Huey’s driveline and dynamic elements to a lighter and slimmer tandem fuselage with stub wings to offer devoted airborne fire-support to troops in Vietnam.

Many iterations later, the AH-1Z nonetheless shares the dynamic elements of the Huey, albeit in its newest UH-1Y Yankee type, both of which have been developed in the late 90s for the US Marine Corps initially as upgrades to in-service AH-1W and UH-1N plane, but finally as new-build plane.

The AH-1Z encompasses a four-bladed composite rotor system and upgraded transmission, a four-bladed tail rotor, upgraded landing skids and a brand new fully-integrated glass cockpit, and shares 85 per cent techniques commonality with the UH-1Y.

Viper crew members use the similar Thales Prime Owl helmet-mounted sight and show system as utilized in the Australian Army’s MHR 90 transport helo.

The helicopter itself has a fully-marinised airframe and dynamic elements for maritime operations, and options higher survivability by means of the adoption of a hover infrared suppression system (HIRSS) to mask the engine exhaust, countermeasures dispensers, radar warning receivers (RWRs), incoming/on-way missile warning, and on-fuselage laser spot warning techniques.

The AH-1Z additionally includes a Lockheed Martin target sight system (TSS) with a FLIR sensor for concentrating on in day, night time and opposed climate circumstances. Weapons embrace precision-guided APKWS and Hellfire missiles, and an integral 20mm cannon.

The Bell AH-1Z Viper is a potential manned alternative for the Tiger. (Defence)

Alternatives for innovation

Both the AH-64E and the AH-1Z are proven and obtainable now, but it is potential both platforms will not be in manufacturing by the planned 2025 Tiger alternative timeframe until further US or worldwide orders are acquired.

If this is the case, Defence may be pressured to widen its seek for a alternative to include new era methods which might be beneath improvement for the US Army’s FARA competitive program, an element of the service’s all-encompassing Future Vertical Raise (FVL) program designed to switch the Bell OH-58D Kiowa Warrior armed scout helicopter which was retired in 2017.

In late April the US Military Combat Capabilities Improvement Command Aviation & Missile Middle’s Aviation Improvement Directorate suggested that the FARA program was tracking a couple of months forward of schedule, and that prototype agreements had been reached with business.

The 5 agreements have been awarded to a teaming of AVX Plane Co and L3 Communications Integrated Methods with a by-product of AVX’s Joint Multi-Position (JMR) aircraft; Bell Helicopter with its typical 525 Relentless; Sikorsky with its S-97 Raider; Boeing with an as-yet undeclared contender but considered the AH-64E Block 2 Compound; and Karem Plane with a thriller design.

With the future in mind, Defence might flip to parts of the US FARA program resembling the AVX Joint ulti-Position Plane. (AVX Aircraft)

One other plane beneath improvement within the FARA venture is the Sikorsky S-97 Raider. (Sikorsky)

The Bell V-247 Vigilant UAS, a potential contender for the US Marine Corps MUX challenge. (Bell Helicopter)

The US Military plans to have FARA prototypes flying in 2023, and to make a production determination in 2028, although this seems to be overly formidable for such developmental methods.

The US Marine Corps is operating an analogous program, the Marine Air-Floor Activity Pressure (MAGTF) Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) Expeditionary, or MUX. Designed to help manned aircraft reminiscent of the V-22 Osprey, the MUX will doubtless be unmanned, and may have an endurance of as much as eight hours and a most velocity nicely above 200kts.

The USMC aims to difficulty a request for info to business early next yr, with the ambition of trialling operational capability as early as 2026. Potential contenders for MUX embrace the Bell V-247 Vigilant idea which resembles a slightly smaller and sleeker V-22 tiltrotor, and the Northrop Grumman/DARPA Tactically Exploited Reconnaissance Node (TERN) tail-sitter idea.

Whereas MUX on paper appears to far exceed the ARH specs of the Tiger and other manned helicopters, it supplies vital capability and adaptability that manned plane can’t match now or in the near future.

Like FARA, MUX is more likely to be at least a decade or more away from getting into service, let alone being out there for export. Thus there’s a probably a six or extra yr gap the place no devoted manned armed reconnaissance or assault platform of US origin is obtainable to the ADF if the 2025 Tiger retirement date is adhered to.

However such a state of affairs might deliver the opportunity for an additional probably revolutionary answer into play, one which will present some aircraft and/or techniques commonality advantages to the ADF.

Army at present has one other manned aviation program underway – the LAND 2097 Part 4 mild particular forces help helicopter which is planned to enter service shortly before the deliberate Tiger alternative.

It says it requires at least 16 helicopters for city particular forces (SF) operations, four of which may be deployed at a time quickly by way of RAAF C-17A transport, and made able to fly inside 30 minutes. The new helicopter will complement the larger machines at present operated by Army’s 6 Aviation Regiment (6Avn) at Holsworthy in Sydney, which is presently transitioning from the S-70A-9 Black Hawk to the Airbus MRH 90 Taipan.

A number of of the possible LAND 2097/4 contenders – Bell with its 407GX/GT or 429, Airbus with the H145M, and Boeing with its AH-6i Little Chook – supply armed variations of those aircraft with missionised techniques, excessive performance sensors, and stub wings or pylons with forward-firing precision guided weapons.

Whereas a army by-product of a business platform clearly wouldn’t supply the similar levels of performance, survivability and functionality as a dedicated ARH or assault helicopter, a Tiger alternative based mostly on the profitable SF help helicopter might supply large operational savings and adaptability to the ADF, with little danger.

The other choice for Army to think about is to revert to its unique plan to improve the Tiger’s techniques past just addressing obsolescence points so it may proceed in service till a extra succesful alternative comparable to the successful FARA or MUX program answer is out there and has matured sufficiently for export.

VIDEO: A look at the Tiger at the Indo-Pacific Endeavour 2019 workouts from the Australian Military’s YouTube channel.

This story first appeared in the June 2019 edition of Australian Aviation. To succeed in more stories like this, develop into a member here.

The post A look at the Army’s Armed Reconnaissance Helicopter appeared first on Black Dot Mobile.

#Armed Reconnaissance Helicopter #army #Army Aviation #Blog #Defence #Headlines #Helicopters #Industry & Professionals #Tiger

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omgxfireicewolfx-blog · 6 years ago

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A look at the Army’s Armed Reconnaissance Helicopter

This story about the Australian Military’s Tiger helicopter first appeared in the June 2019 edition of Australian Aviation.

Australian Army ARH Tiger Armed Reconaissance Helicopters operating together with HMAS Canberra. (Defence)

Current capability

As well as, one instrumented aircraft is assigned to Oakey for improvement work and to supplement the coaching fleet, and a further aircraft is assigned to 1Avn to cowl deep maintenance.

In April 2016 the Tiger ARH lastly achieved a full operational functionality (FOC), some seven years later than deliberate.

The ANAO report also found that the helicopter continued to endure from decrease than expected serviceability charges, and that it faced rising obsolescence points.

In July 2018, then Commander of Military’s 16th Aviation Brigade BRIG Steve Jobson wrote that he thought-about the Tiger a “truly world-class platform”.

“We have driven health into our Tiger organisations, with improved facilities, maintenance processes, reorganised workforce and collaborative operations,” he stated.

“Our Tigers now deliver reliability and performance that is the envy of the world: Proven reliability. Proven performance. No more conjecture. No more wishing. It’s happening.”

This is excessive praise certainly, notably in mild of the opposed ANAO findings from just two years previously.

Tiger improvement points addressed, operators view general operational functionality favourably. (Defence)

An Australian Army Tiger fires its 30mm cannon during a combined arms live-fire exercise as part of Exercise Chong Ju 2019 at Puckapunyal Coaching Space, Victoria. (Defence)

ARH upgrade

Rocket hearth: a Tiger unleashes on targets throughout Exercise Chong Ju. (Defence)

Attainable replacements

Both of those aircraft are the latest developments of very mature methods, with many tons of of every sort in service with the US and other allied nations, including in our quick region.

Two Apaches from the United States Military’s 6th Cavalry Regiment at a joint exercise with Australian forces. (Defence)

Viper crew members use the similar Thales Prime Owl helmet-mounted sight and show system as utilized in the Australian Army’s MHR 90 transport helo.

The Bell AH-1Z Viper is a potential manned alternative for the Tiger. (Defence)

Alternatives for innovation

With the future in mind, Defence might flip to parts of the US FARA program resembling the AVX Joint ulti-Position Plane. (AVX Aircraft)

One other plane beneath improvement within the FARA venture is the Sikorsky S-97 Raider. (Sikorsky)

The Bell V-247 Vigilant UAS, a potential contender for the US Marine Corps MUX challenge. (Bell Helicopter)

The US Military plans to have FARA prototypes flying in 2023, and to make a production determination in 2028, although this seems to be overly formidable for such developmental methods.

VIDEO: A look at the Tiger at the Indo-Pacific Endeavour 2019 workouts from the Australian Military’s YouTube channel.

This story first appeared in the June 2019 edition of Australian Aviation. To succeed in more stories like this, develop into a member here.

The post A look at the Army’s Armed Reconnaissance Helicopter appeared first on Black Dot Mobile.

#Armed Reconnaissance Helicopter #army #Army Aviation #Blog #Defence #Headlines #Helicopters #Industry & Professionals #Tiger

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charlesccastill · 7 years ago

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MassHousing Provides $13.9 Million Financing to Russell Apartments in Cambridge

BOSTON – MassHousing has provided $13.9 million in financing to an affiliate of the Cambridge Housing Authority. The MassHousing financing will allow the Cambridge Housing Authority to launch an extensive renovation of the Russell Apartments, a 52-unit affordable housing community serving low-income senior citizens and disabled residents.

The transaction will also enable the Cambridge Housing Authority to extend affordability at the property for at least 30 years.

MassHousing is supporting the rehabilitation of the Russell Apartments with $13.9 million in financing through the Agency’s Conduit Loan Program. MassHousing will issue tax-exempt housing revenue bonds for public purchase and the proceeds will be used for construction purposes, in partnership with Wells Fargo Bank. The MassHousing conduit loan generated $8.2 million in equity financing for the project, through federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits. Project financing also includes a $6.4 million sponsor loan and a $6.3 million seller note.

“MassHousing is pleased to partner with the Cambridge Housing Authority, to help finance the significant improvements at the Russell Apartments through our Conduit Loan Program,” said MassHousing Acting Executive Director Tom Lyons. “This important modernization and preservation project will ensure the property remains affordable for its residents long into the future.”

The Russell Apartments are contained in a four-to-six story, midrise building at 2050 Massachusetts Avenue in Cambridge. As part of the transaction, the Cambridge Housing Authority will convert 51 existing one-bedroom, public housing units, to a project-based federal Section 8 Housing Assistance Payment Contract (HAP). The Russell Apartments modernization project will also add a new apartment, bringing the unit total to 52 under the HAP contract.

Russell Apartments

“Cambridge Housing Authority welcomes the opportunity to partner with MassHousing on the renovation of Russell Apartments,” said Michael Johnston, CHA’s Executive Director. “The ability to make the type of reinvestment in the property afforded by the tax-exempt bond financing and Low-Income Housing Tax Credits is critical to our efforts to protect and preserve affordable housing units in Cambridge. We look forward to working again with MassHousing as we procced with plans to renovate 1,250 additional affordable units.”

Of the 52 units at Russell Apartments, 5 are for households earning at or below 30% of the Area Median Income (AMI), 42 units are for households earning at or below 60% AMI, and 5 units are for households earning at or below 80% AMI. The area median income for Cambridge is $103,400. As a result of the transaction, the 52 units will remain affordable for at least 30 years.

The Cambridge Housing Authority plans to construct new kitchens and bathrooms in all units, while upgrading common areas, HVAC and fire protection systems, undertaking elevator replacement, and making siding and structural repairs.

MassHousing has financed or administers the rental subsidy for 14 rental housing communities in Cambridge involving 2,051 housing units and an original total loan amount of $137.1 million. MassHousing has additionally provided $68.5 million in financing to 550 Cambridge homebuyers or homeowners who refinanced their property.

from boston condos ford realtor http://bostonrealestatetimes.com/masshousing-provides-13-9-million-financing-to-russell-apartments-in-cambridge/

#boston #condos #boston condos #boston luxury condo #boston condominium #boston rentals #boston condo

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mommydearestella · 2 years ago

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DEATH THREATS AND GASSING

THE PAST 4-5 DAYS I HAVE BEEN SUBJECTED TO DEATH THREATS AND HAVE BEEN GASSED WHICH THIS TIME MADE MY ARMS AND LEGS ITCH UNTIL I WASHED THEM DOWN WITH WATER. I AM AS CERTAIN AS I CAN BE THAT THIS GOES BACK TO ASSETS FOR MY BENEFIT GOING BACK TO WHEN I WAS A KID THAT WERE NEVER DISCLOSED TO ME. I CAN’T HELP BUT BLAME MY FATHERS WIFE ELLA OLIVIERI FELCHER WHO I THINK IS THE BIGGEST PAIN IN THE ASS AND A WRETCHED OLD HAG. I CALL HER A WICKED WITCH ALL THE TIME. I HAVE HEARD A FEW PEOPLE CALL HER HOLLYWOODS FAVORITE HOMEWRECKER! THIS GROUP OF MORONS THAT STALK AND CYBERSTALK THEIR SUBJECT IN ADDITION TO GANG STALKING AND GASLIGHTING PSYCHOLOGICAL ABUSE, I BELIEVE, USES SOME OF ITS SUBJECTS AS HUMAN GUINEA PIGS WITHOUT THEIR KNOWLEDGE OR APPROVAL. I’M PRETTY SURE THAT THEY WERE DOING SOME SORT OF THRESHOLD STUDY ON ME FOR ABOUT A WEEK TO SEE WHAT MY REACTION WOULD BE TO VARIOUS NOISE TORTURE. SOMEHOW THEY HAVE THE ABILITY TO CAUSE A VIBRATION OR RUMBLING UNDER YOUR FEET THAT I HAVE EXPERIENCED AT TIMES ON A SIDE WALK, DRIVEWAYS, INSIDE OF A HOME OR STORE. IT’S ABOUT A 4 SOMETIMES 5 ON A SCALE OF 1-10. THIS CAUSES MY BLOOD PRESSURE TO SPIKE AND MY HEARTRATE TO INCREASE AS WELL. I HAVE A FEELING THE PURPOSE FOF THAT IS TO TRY TO CAUSE SOMEONE TO HAVE A HEART ATTACK OR A STROKE. THEY ALSO ENGAGE IN SLEEP DEPRIVATION AND SOMETIMES, LIKE LAST NIGHT, STARTED BOMBARDING ME WITH NOISE AND INFLAMMATORY SPOKEN CONTENT TO KEEP ME UP, I THINK, HOPING THAT IN KEEPING ME UP A FEW HOURS I WOULD GET UP LATER AND GET LESS DONE FOR THE DAY. THEIR GOALS SEEM TO INCLUDE ECONOMIC TERRORISM AND ECONOMIC ESPIONAGE. THEY ACTUALLY SAID THEY LIKE TO BANKRUPT THEIR SUBJECT SO THEY CAN’T AFFORD TO FIGHT BACK. THE ARROGANCE IS INCREDIBLE. THIS GROUP COULD TORTURE PEOPLE, TRY TO DEGRADE AND INSULT THEM FOR OVER AN HOUR AT A TIME AND YET THEY THINK THEY ARE ENTITLED TO RESPECT AND THAT THEIR SUBJECT SHOULD BE RESPECTFUL AND COOPERATIVE IN THEIR OWN DEMISE. THIS GROUP HAS MADE A NUMBER OF THREATS AND I THINK THEIR REAL GOAL IS TO TAKE A PERSON DPOWN OVER TIME, CHARACTER ASSASINATION, PUSH THEIR SUBJECTS FRIENDS AWAY, DO WHATEVER THEY CAN TO CAUSE WORK TO BACK UP, KILL PETS, ECONOMIC TERRORISM ALL WITH THE HOPE AND INTENTION THAT OVER A PERIOD POF TIME 2-3-4 YEARS THEY CAN MAKE THEIR SUBJECT MISERABLE ENOUGH THAT THEY CAN GET THEM TO COMMITT SUICIDE. AS I SEE IT, THIS GOES ALONG WITH SOMETHING SAID EARLY ON ABOUT 6 YEARS AGO. THEY SAID THEY WANTED TO CAUSE MY DEATH IN A WAY THAT AVOIDS RED FLAGS. I AM CERTAIN THEY HAVE BEEN TRYING TO KILL ME OR CAUSE MY DEATH THE LAST 3-4 DAYS BUT WANT TO DO IT IN A WAY THAT IT APPEARS NATURAL SUCH AS A HEART ATTACK OR A STROKE.

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iinsatiablezus · 6 years ago