Shima Enaga, The Snow Fairy of Hokkaidō
The long-tailed bushtit can be found all over Europe and the Palearctic. However, one subspecies, called the shima enaga, lives exclusively in Hokkaidō, Japan's northernmost and second-largest island. It is the pure-white faces of the adult members of this Japanese subspecies that makes them look like very soft, very cute, miniature snowballs and has earned it the affectionate nickname "snow fairy."
Also known as the silver-throated dasher, the shima enaga is the second smallest bird in all of Japan. They are a tiny bird, at 12-16cm in length, including their tail at 7-9cm. You will often hear them long before you see them, as they have a constant and high-pitched call. Outside of the breeding season, they live in flocks of 10-20 birds, comprised of both parents and offspring.
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Long-tailed Tit (Aegithalos caudatus)
"puoffy...."
"Seeing as how US-centric these polls tend to get, I want to spread awareness of these adorable and social balls of fluff."
"round"
This bird was entered as it's nominal species name (Long-tailed Tit), as well as two of the subspecies (Shima Enaga and Korean Crow-tit/Baepsae)
The long-tailed tit was originally described with other chickadees and its, but has been split into its own family (Aegithalidae) with Pygmy and American Bushtit. There are 17 subspecies, which are broken into three separate groups: The caudatus group of nothern Europe and Asia; the europaeus group in southern and western Europe, north-east China, and Japan; and the alpinus group of Mediterranean Europe and south-west Asia.
These birds are incredibly social, forming small flocks of six to up to seventeen birds after the breeding season. Typically the parents and offspring of a season stick together, along with any other adults who helped to raise the brood. The primary thought behind the grouping up is that these small birds are very susceptible to cold and cuddling together through the night keeps them safe and warm.
During the breeding season, the birds split into monogamous pairs, with males remaining in the same territory that they'll overwinter while females typically wander to other territories. If the nest fails, the pair may try a second time, or help a neighboring nest. If they decide to help another nest, the pair will split and each will find a male relative (recognized by voice) to help. These nests with extra helpers often have greater success due to higher provisioning and better nest defense.
Sources:
Image Source: eBird ( Katarina Paunovic)
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flickr
Japon, L'île d'Hokkaido par Olivier Boyer
Via Flickr :
Le Shima Enaga,_DSC25689_Montage _09 www.ajinomoto.fr/ajiblog/le-shima-enaga-adorable-petit-oi... www.terres-japonaises.com/conseils-voyage/que-faire/imman...
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