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[daily-klingon]

Prefix Trick

The prefix trick is something not described in The Klingon Dictionary. It affects the use of verb prefixes to describe the object of a sentence.

The prefix trick allows you to specify the indirect object of a sentence without needing to specify the indirect object plus -vaD noun suffix.

Here it is explained on this KLI page.

The "prefix trick" is an informal term for the phenomenon where a verb's prefix disagrees with the stated object, agreeing instead with what would be an indirect object in English. It is only known to occur when the object is third person and the indirect object/beneficiary is first- or second-person and not explicitly stated.

ghIchwIj DabochmoHchugh ghIchlIj qanob. (PK)

cha'puj vIngevmeH chaw' HInobneS. (PK)

tIqwIj Sa'angnIS. (TKW)

These are only a few examples.

Marc Okrand described it in a post on the MSN Expert Forum in 1997, by way of explaining what qajatlh means: Since the object of jatlh is that which is spoken, and since "you" or "I" or "we" cannot be spoken (and therefore cannot be the object of the verb), if the verb is used with a pronominal prefix indicating a first- or second-person object, that first or second person is the indirect object.

...

For instance, take the above sentence, ghIchwIj DabochmoHchugh ghIchlIj qanob. By the grammar described in TKD, you'd expect to see SoHvaD ghIchlIj vInob. It has been my contention that Okrand used ghIchlIj qanob instead of SoHvaD ghIchlIj vInob because the English sentence he started with was "I will give you your nose" instead of "I will give your nose to you." He saw "I will give you . . ." and used qanob, regardless of the fact that in the sentence "you" is the indirect object, not the direct object.

Some disagree. They believe that Okrand, having seriously studied some Native American languages that use a similar pronomial system, decided to include this feature into the language intentionally, perhaps after the publication of TKD, and that most or all instances of the "prefix trick" were constructed with this feature in mind.

This next page takes this further.

Combining with -lu'

A discussion on the mailing list of 02 october 2016 showed that this rule might be extended to prefixes which only indicate the above mentioned objects in combination with the

indefinite suffix

-lu', which reverses object and subject of any prefix. That means that the following should be correct, even though the suffix itself indicates a third person object:

Standard phrase --- Prefix trick --- Prefix trick + -lu'

jIHvaD taj nob vay' --- taj munob vay' --- taj vInoblu'.

Someone gives a knife to me. --- Someone gives me a knife. --- One indefinite person gives me a knife.

A less awkward translation for the final phrase would be using passive voice in English: I am given a knife.