#wafer china

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[zvaigzdelasas]

Clean energy contributed a record 11.4tn yuan ($1.6tn [USD]) to China’s economy in 2023, accounting for all of the growth in investment and a larger share of economic growth than any other sector. The new sector-by-sector analysis for Carbon Brief, based on official figures, industry data and analyst reports, illustrates the huge surge in investment in Chinese clean energy last year – in particular, the so-called “new three” industries of solar power, electric vehicles (EVs) and batteries. Solar power, along with manufacturing capacity for solar panels, EVs and batteries, were the main focus of China’s clean-energy investments in 2023, the analysis shows.[...]

Clean-energy investment rose 40% year-on-year to 6.3tn yuan ($890bn), with the growth accounting for all of the investment growth across the Chinese economy in 2023.

China’s $890bn investment in clean-energy sectors is almost as large as total global investments in fossil fuel supply in 2023 – and similar to the GDP of Switzerland or Turkey.

Including the value of production, clean-energy sectors contributed 11.4tn yuan ($1.6tn) to the Chinese economy in 2023, up 30% year-on-year.

Clean-energy sectors, as a result, were the largest driver of China’ economic growth overall, accounting for 40% of the expansion of GDP in 2023.[...]

The surge in clean-energy investment comes as China’s real-estate sector shrank for the second year in a row. This shift positions the clean-energy industry as a key part not only of China’s energy and climate efforts, but also of its broader economic and industrial policy.[...]

The growing importance of these new industries gives China a significant economic stake in the global transition to clean-energy technologies.[...]

In total, clean energy made up 13% of the huge volume of investment in fixed assets in China in 2023, up from 9% a year earlier.[...]

The major role that clean energy played in boosting growth in 2023 means the industry is now a key part of China’s wider economic and industrial development.[...]

Solar was the largest contributor to growth in China’s clean-technology economy in 2023. It recorded growth worth a combined 1tn yuan of new investment, goods and services, as its value grew from 1.5tn yuan in 2022 to 2.5tn yuan in 2023, an increase of 63% year-on-year. While China has dominated the manufacturing and installations of solar panels for years, the growth of the industry in 2023 was unprecedented.[...]

An estimated 200GW was added across the country during 2023 as a whole, more than doubling from the record of 87GW set in 2022[...]

China experienced a significant increase in solar product exports in 2023. It exported 56GW of solar wafers, 32GW of cells and 178GW of modules in the first 10 months of the year, up 90%, 72% and 34% year-on-year respectively [...] However, due to falling costs, the export value of these solar products only increased by 3%.

Within the overall export growth there were notable increases in China’s solar exports to countries along the “belt and road”, to southeast Asian nations and to several African countries.[...]

China installed 41GW of wind power capacity in the first 11 months of 2023, an increase of 84% year-on-year in new additions. Some 60GW of onshore wind alone was due to be added across 2023[...]

In addition, offshore wind capacity increased by 6GW across the whole of 2023.[...]

By the end of 2023, the first batch of “clean-energy bases” were expected to have been connected to the grid, contributing to the growth of onshore wind power, particularly in regions such as Inner Mongolia and other northwestern provinces. The second and third batches of clean-energy bases are set to continue driving the growth in onshore wind installations. The market is also being driven by the “repowering” of older windfarms, supported by central government policies promoting the model of replacing smaller, older turbines with larger ones.[...]

Despite technological advancements reducing costs, increases in raw material prices have resulted in lower profit margins compared to the solar industry[...]

China’s production of electric vehicles grew 36% year-on-year in 2023 to reach 9.6m units, a notable 32% of all vehicles produced in the country. The vast majority of [B]EVs produced in China are sold domestically, with sales growing strongly despite the phase-out of purchase subsidies announced in 2020 and completed at the end of 2022.[...]

Sales of [B]EVs made in China reached 9.5m units in 2023, a 38% year-on-year increase. Of this total, 8.3m were sold domestically, accounting for one-third of Chinese vehicle sales overall, while 1.2m [B]EVs were exported, a 78% year-on-year increase.[...]

China’s EV market is highly competitive, with at least 94 brands offering more than 300 models. Domestic brands account for 81% of the EV market, with BYD, Wuling, Chery, Changan and GAC among the top players.[...]

The analysis assumes that EVs accounted for all of the growth in investment in vehicle manufacturing capacity [...] while investment in conventional vehicles was stable[...]

Meanwhile, EV charging infrastructure is expanding rapidly, enabling the growth of the EV market. In 2022, more than 80% of the downtown areas of “first-tier” cities – megacities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou – had installed charging stations, while 65% of the highway service zones nationwide provided charging points.

More than 3m new charging points were put into service during 2023, including 0.93m public and 2.45m private chargers. The accumulated total by November 2023 reached 8.6m charging points.[...]

China is rapidly scaling up electricity storage capacity. This has the potential to significantly reduce China’s reliance on coal- and gas-fired power plants to meet peaks in electricity demand and to facilitate the integration of larger amounts of variable wind and solar power into the grid. The construction of pumped hydro storage capacity increased dramatically in the last year, with capacity under construction reaching 167GW, up from 120GW a year earlier.[...]

Data from Global Energy Monitor identifies another 250GW in pre-construction stages, indicating that there is potential for the current surge in capacity to continue.

Construction of new battery manufacturing capacity was another major driver of investments, estimated at 0.3tn [yuan].[...]

Investment in electrolysers for “green” hydrogen production almost doubled year-on-year in 2023, reaching approximately 90bn yuan, based on estimates for the first half of the year from SWS Research. [...]

China’s ministry of transportation reported that investment in railway construction increased 7% in January–November 2023, implying investment of 0.8tn for the full year. This includes major investments in both passenger and freight transport. Investment in roads fell slightly, while investment in railways overall grew by 22%. The share of freight volumes transported by rail in China has increased from 7.8% in 2017 to 9.2% in 2021, thanks to the rapid development of the railway network. In 2022, some 155,000km of rail lines were in operation, of which 42,000km were high-speed. This is up from 146,000km of which 38,000km were high-speed in 2020.[...]

In 2023, 10 nuclear power units were approved in China, exceeding the anticipated rate of 6-8 units per year set by the China Nuclear Energy Association in 2020 for the second year in a row. There are 77 nuclear power units that are currently operating or under construction in China, the second-largest total in the world. The total yearly investment in 2023 was estimated for this analysis at 87bn yuan, an increase of 45% year-on-year[...]

State Grid, the government-owned operator that runs the majority of the country’s electricity transmission network, has a target to raise inter-provincial power transmission capacity to 300GW by 2025 and 370GW by 2030, from 230GW in 2021. These plans play a major role in enabling the development of clean energy bases in western China. China Electricity Council reported investments in electricity transmission at 0.5tn yuan in 2023, up 8% on year – just ahead of the level targeted by State Grid.[...]

China’s reliance on the clean-technology sectors to drive growth and achieve key economic targets boosts their economic and political importance. It could also support an accelerated energy transition. The massive investment in clean technology manufacturing capacity and exports last year means that China has a major stake in the success of clean energy in the rest of the world and in building up export markets. For example, China’s lead climate negotiator Su Wei recently highlighted that the goal of tripling renewable energy capacity globally, agreed in the COP28 UN climate summit in December, is a major benefit to China’s new energy industry. This will likely also mean that China’s efforts to finance and develop clean energy projects overseas will intensify.

Globally, China’s unprecedented clean-energy manufacturing boom has pushed down prices, with the cost of solar panels falling 42% year-on-year – a dramatic drop even compared to the historical average of around 17% per year, while battery prices fell by an even steeper 50%. This, in turn, has encouraged much faster take-up of clean-energy technologies.[...]

The clean-technology investment boom has provided a new lease of life to China’s investment-led economic model. There are new clean-energy technologies where there is scope for expansion, such as [Hydrogen] electrolysers.

Mind-blowing is the only word for it rly [25 Jan 24]

[bellamer]

Baldur’s Gate Characters as discontinued foods I have saved on my phone

Shadowheart- Coca Cola Blak

Astarion- Crystal Pepsi

Wyll- Burger King Cini Minis

Lae’Zel- Dried Seaweed Pork Donut from Dunkin China

Karlach- Buffalo Latte from Tim Horton’s

Halsin- Triple Deckeroni Pizza from Pizza Hut

Gale- Cadbury Timeout Wafer

[mariacallous]

KODIAK, Alaska—At Coast Guard Air Station Kodiak, the USCGC Stratton, a 418-foot national security cutter, was hemmed into port by a thin layer of ice that had formed overnight in the January cold. Named for the U.S. Coast Guard’s first female officer, Dorothy Stratton, the ship was not designed for ice; its home port is in Alameda, California. After serving missions in the Indo-Pacific, it was brought to Alaska because it was available.

Soon the sun would rise, and the ice would surely melt, the junior officers surmised from the weather decks. The commanding officer nevertheless approved the use of a local tugboat to weave in front of the cutter, breaking up the wafer-like shards of ice as the Stratton steamed away from shore and embarked toward the Bering Sea.

In the last decade, as melting ice created opportunities for fishing and extraction, the Arctic has transformed from a zone of cooperation to one of geopolitical upheaval, where Russia, China, India, and Turkey, among others, are expanding their footprints to match their global ambitions. But the United States is now playing catch-up in a region where it once held significant sway.

One of the Coast Guard’s unofficial mottos is “We do more with less.” True to form, the United States faces a serious shortage of icebreaker ships, which are critical for performing polar missions, leaving national security cutters and other vessels like the Stratton that are not ice-capable with an outsized role in the country’s scramble to compete in the high north. For the 16 days I spent aboard the Stratton this year, it was the sole Coast Guard ship operating in the Bering Sea, conducting fishery inspections aboard trawlers, training with search and rescue helicopter crews, and monitoring the Russian maritime border.

Although the Stratton’s crew was up to this task, their equipment was not. A brief tour aboard the cutter shed light on the Coast Guard’s operational limitations and resource constraints. Unless Washington significantly shifts its approach, the Stratton will remain a microcosm of the United States’ journey in the Arctic: a once dominant force that can no longer effectively assert its interests in a region undergoing rapid transformation.

During the Cold War, the United States invested in Alaska as a crucial fixture of the country’s future. Of these investments, one of the most significant was the construction of the Dalton Highway in 1974, which paved the way for the controversial Trans-Alaska Pipeline and the U.S. entry as a major player in the global oil trade. Recognizing Alaska’s potential as a linchpin of national defense, leaders also invested heavily in the region’s security. In 1957, the United States began operating a northern network of early warning defense systems called the Distant Early Warning Line, and in 1958, it founded what became known as the North American Aerospace Defense Command.

After the fall of the Soviet Union, such exigencies seemed excessive. The north once again became a domain for partnership among Arctic countries, a period that many call “Arctic exceptionalism”—or, as the Norwegians put it, “high north, low tension.”

But after the turn of the millennium, under President Vladimir Putin, Russia took a more assertive stance in the Arctic, modernizing Cold War-era military installations and increasing its testing of hypersonic munitions. In a telling display in 2007, Russian divers planted their national flag on the North Pole’s seabed. Russia wasn’t alone in its heightened interest, and soon even countries without Arctic territory wanted in on the action. China expanded its icebreaker fleet and sought to fund its Polar Silk Road infrastructure projects across Scandinavia and Greenland (though those efforts were blocked by Western intervention). Even India recently drafted its first Arctic strategy, while Turkey ratified a treaty giving its citizens commercial and recreational access to Svalbard, a Norwegian archipelago in the Arctic Ocean.

Over the past decade, the United States lagged behind, focusing instead on the challenges posed to its interests in the Middle East, the South China Sea, and Ukraine. Its Arctic early warning system became outdated. Infrastructure off the coast of Alaska that climatologists use to predict typhoons remained uninstalled, seen as a luxury that the state and federal governments could not afford. In 2020, an engine fire in the sole Coast Guard Arctic icebreaker nearly scuttled a plan to retrieve scientific instruments and data from vessels moored in the Arctic Ocean. Two years later, a Defense Department inspector general report revealed substantial issues with the structural integrity of runways and barracks of U.S. bases across the Arctic and sub-Arctic.

Until recently, U.S. policymakers had little interest in reinstating lost Arctic competence. Only in the last three years—once Washington noticed the advances being made by China and Russia—have lawmakers and military leaders begun to formulate a cohesive Arctic strategy, and it shows.

On patrol with the Stratton, the effects of this delay were apparent. The warm-weather crew struggled to adapt to the climate, having recently returned from warmer Indo-Pacific climates. The resilient group deiced its patrol boats and the helicopter pad tie-downs with a concoction conceived through trial and error. “Happy lights,” which are supposed to boost serotonin levels, were placed around the interior of the ship to help the crew overcome the shorter days. But the crew often turned the lights off; with only a few hours of natural daylight and few portholes on the ship through which to view it anyway, the lights did not do much.

The Coast Guard is the United States’ most neglected national defense asset. It is woefully under-resourced, especially in the Arctic and sub-Arctic, where systemic issues are hindering U.S. hopes of being a major power.

First and foremost is its limited icebreaker fleet. The United States has only two working icebreakers. Of these two, only one, the USCGC Healy, is primarily deployed to the Arctic; the other, the USCGC Polar Star, is deployed to Antarctica. By comparison, Russia, which has a significant Arctic Ocean shoreline, has more than 50 icebreakers, while China has two capable of Arctic missions and at least one more that will be completed by next year.

Coast Guard and defense officials have repeatedly testified before Congress that the service requires at least six polar icebreakers, three of which would be as ice-capable as the Healy, which has been in service for 27 years. The program has suffered nearly a decade of delays because of project mismanagement and a lack of funds. As one former diplomat told me, “A strategy without budget is hallucination.” The first boat under the Polar Security Cutter program was supposed to be delivered by this year. The new estimated arrival date, officials told me, will more likely be 2030.

“Once we have the detailed design, it will be several years—three plus—to begin, to get completion on that ship,” Adm. Linda Fagan, the commandant of the Coast Guard, told Congress last April. “I would give you a date if I had one.”

The Government Accountability Office (GAO) has long warned that the U.S. government and military, including the Coast Guard, have made serious miscalculations in their Arctic efforts. For one, the Coast Guard’s acquisition process for new boats is hampered by continual changes to design and a failure to contract competent shipbuilders. Moreover, the GAO found in a 2023 report that discontinuity among Arctic leadership in the State Department and a failure by the Coast Guard to improve its capability gaps “hinder implementation of U.S. Arctic priorities outlined in the 2022 strategy.”

Far more than national security is at stake. The Arctic is a zone of great economic importance for the United States. The Bering Sea alone provides the United States with 60 percent of its fisheries, not to mention substantial oil and natural gas revenue. An Arctic presence is also important for achieving U.S. climate goals. Helping to reduce or eliminate emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and black carbon in the Arctic protects carbon-storing habitats such as the tundra, forests, and coastal marshes.

Capt. Brian Krautler, the Stratton’s commanding officer, knows these problems well. Having previously served on Arctic vessels, he was perhaps the ideal officer to lead the Stratton on this unfamiliar mission. After a boarding team was recalled due to heavy seas and an overiced vessel, Krautler lamented the constraints under which he was working. “We are an Arctic nation that doesn’t know how to be an Arctic nation,” he said.

The Stratton reached its first port call in Unalaska, a sleepy fishing town home to the port of Dutch Harbor. Signs around Unalaska declare, “Welcome to the #1 Commercial Fishing Port in the United States.” The port is largely forgotten by Washington and federal entities in the region, but there is evidence all around of its onetime importance to U.S. national security: Concrete pillboxes from World War II line the roads, and trenches mark the hillocks around the harbor.

As Washington pivoted away from the Arctic, Alaska and its Native communities have become more marginalized. Vincent Tutiakoff, the mayor of Unalaska, is particularly frustrated by the shift. Even though Washington made promises to grant greater access to federal resources to support Indigenous communities, it has evaded responsibility for environmental cleanup initiatives and failed to adequately address climate change.

Federal and state governments have virtually abandoned all development opportunities in Unalaska, and initiatives from fish processing plants to a geothermal energy project have been hindered by the U.S. Energy Department’s sluggish response to its Arctic Energy Office’s open call for funding opportunities. “I don’t know what they’re doing,” Tutiakoff said of state and federal agencies.

Making matters worse, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is moving ahead to make the northern Alaska city of Nome the site of the nation’s next deep-water port rather than build infrastructure near Unalaska, the gateway to the American Arctic and the port of call for the few patrol ships tasked with its security. It seems that the decision was based on the accessibility needs of cruise ships; Unalaska is not necessarily a vacation destination.

By failing to invest in places like Unalaska, the United States is hobbling its own chances for growth. The region could be home to major advances in the green energy transition or cloud computing storage, but without investment this potential will be lost.

In the last year, the United States has tried to claw back some of what it has lost to atrophy. It has inched closer to confirming the appointment of Mike Sfraga as the first U.S. ambassador-at-large to the Arctic. In March, the U.S. Marine Corps and Navy participated in NATO exercises in the Arctic region of Finland, Norway, and Sweden. The U.S. Defense Department hosted an Arctic dialogue in January ahead of the anticipated release of a revised Arctic strategy, and the State Department signed a flurry of defense cooperation agreements with Nordic allies late last year.

Nevertheless, it has a long way to go. Tethered to the docks at Dutch Harbor, the weather-worn Stratton reflected the gap between the United States’ Arctic capabilities and its ambitions. Its paint was chipped by wind and waves, and a generator needed a replacement part from California. Much of the crew had never been to Alaska before. On the day the ship pulled into port, the crew milled about, gawking at a bald eagle that alighted on the bow and taking advantage of their few days in port before setting out again into hazardous conditions.

“I know we’re supposed to do more with less,” a steward aboard the Stratton told me, “but it’s hard.”

[cluuny]

can you guys chill lmao. just trying to help

Sapphire is a precious gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum, consisting of aluminium oxide (α-Al2O3) with trace amounts of elements such as iron, titanium, cobalt, lead, chromium, vanadium, magnesium, boron, and silicon. The name sapphire is derived from the Latin word sapphirus, itself from the Greek word sappheiros (σάπφειρος), which referred to lapis lazuli. It is typically blue, but natural "fancy" sapphires also occur in yellow, purple, orange, and green colors; "parti sapphires" show two or more colors. Red corundum stones also occur, but are called rubies rather than sapphires. Pink-colored corundum may be classified either as ruby or sapphire depending on locale. Commonly, natural sapphires are cut and polished into gemstones and worn in jewelry. They also may be created synthetically in laboratories for industrial or decorative purposes in large crystal boules. Because of the remarkable hardness of sapphires – 9 on the Mohs scale (the third hardest mineral, after diamond at 10 and moissanite at 9.5) – sapphires are also used in some non-ornamental applications, such as infrared optical components, high-durability windows, wristwatch crystals and movement bearings, and very thin electronic wafers, which are used as the insulating substrates of special-purpose solid-state electronics such as integrated circuits and GaN-based blue LEDs. Sapphire is the birthstone for September and the gem of the 45th anniversary. A sapphire jubilee occurs after 65 years.

Sapphire is one of the two gem-varieties of corundum, the other being ruby (defined as corundum in a shade of red). Although blue is the best-known sapphire color, they occur in other colors, including gray and black, and also can be colorless. A pinkish orange variety of sapphire is called padparadscha.

Significant sapphire deposits are found in Australia, Afghanistan, Cambodia, Cameroon, China (Shandong), Colombia, Ethiopia, India Jammu and Kashmir (Padder, Kishtwar), Kenya, Laos, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Myanmar (Burma), Nigeria, Rwanda, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Thailand, United States (Montana) and Vietnam. Sapphire and rubies are often found in the same geographical settings, but they generally have different geological formations. For example, both ruby and sapphire are found in Myanmar's Mogok Stone Tract, but the rubies form in marble, while the sapphire forms in granitic pegmatites or corundum syenites.

Every sapphire mine produces a wide range of quality, and origin is not a guarantee of quality. For sapphire, Jammu and Kashmir receives the highest premium, although Burma, Sri Lanka, and Madagascar also produce large quantities of fine quality gems.

The cost of natural sapphires varies depending on their color, clarity, size, cut, and overall quality. Sapphires that are completely untreated are worth far more than those that have been treated. Geographical origin also has a major impact on price. For most gems of one carat or more, an independent report from a respected laboratory such as GIA, Lotus Gemology, or SSEF, is often required by buyers before they will make a purchase.

[rjzimmerman]

Excerpt from this New York Times story:

Less than a year ago, CubicPV, which manufactures components for solar panels, announced that it had secured more than $100 million in financing to build a $1.4 billion factory in the United States. The company planned to produce silicon wafers, a critical part of the technology that allows solar panels to turn sunlight into electrical energy.

The Massachusetts-based company called the investment a “direct result of the long-term industrial policy contained within the Inflation Reduction Act,” the 2022 law that directed billions of dollars to develop America’s domestic clean energy sectors. CubicPV was considering locations in Texas, where it would employ about 1,000 workers.

But a surge of cheap solar panels from China upended that project. In February, CubicPV canceled its plans to build the factory over concerns it would no longer be financially viable thanks to a flood of Chinese exports. As CubicPV was gearing up to make wafers in the United States, prices of those components were dropping by 70 percent.

The setback underscores the concerns rippling across the U.S. solar industry and within the Biden administration about whether President Biden’s industrial policy agenda can succeed. Top administration officials have begun warning that efforts to finance a domestic clean energy industry are being undermined by a surge of cheaper Chinese exports that are driving down prices and putting the United States at a competitive disadvantage.

The fate of the CubicPV factory is the type of outcome that Treasury Secretary Janet L. Yellen has warned is likely if China does not stop dumping heavily subsidized green energy products into global markets at rock bottom prices. She took that message to China last week, warning that its industrial strategy was warping supply chains and threatening American workers.

China appeared to dismiss those concerns. Following Ms. Yellen’s meeting with Chinese Premier Li Qiang, his office said, “The development of China’s new energy industry will make an important contribution to the worldwide green and low-carbon transition.”

Chinese overcapacity has been a central topic this week at the spring meetings of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. Ahead of talks with Chinese officials at the Treasury Department on Tuesday, Ms. Yellen said that China was not operating on a “level playing field” and warned that by producing more green energy products than the world can absorb, it was putting American firms and workers at risk.

[kimyoonmiauthor]

Character arcs in China, Korea and Japan v. the US/UK/AU and religion.

I have somewhat of a confession to make. That is that every year since I was little, I've always watched alone, a Christmas Rom Com. Was it high class? No. It was likely Lifetime, Hallmark or TNT. And the thing about that is the majority did not have Asian people in them. They were antithetical to everything I am except for the "Lead must be creative."

I made an expected plot event list around here, too. Here, in case you can't find it.

You might think this is not related, but I'm getting there...

The point is that out of all of the genres of movies I've watched from various dramas and movies, this correlates the strongest to the type of character "Development" (if you can call it that) I am talking about.

US Christmas Movies

Character has X, Y and Z problems in US Christmas movie. And in fact, as the plot goes along, those problems what? Multiply. This is a conflict plot.

So for example, you have Kevin from Home Alone. Kevin hates his family. His mother doesn't pay attention to him, Santa doesn't really seem to care. He has a scary neighbor he doesn't like. AND there are burglars to take care of.

By the end of the movie, there is a transformation arc after using Rube Goldberg machines, thus all of these things are fixed (until Home Alone 2).

In the Rom com, this is usually something like workaholic is paid an exorbitant amount of money AND hasn't found a SO, usually a man, since this is written for cishet women, and occasionally gay men these days (not lesbians?). Or the person is ignoring their own needs, whatever, there are a few plots. Which if you've been following along with my story structure series--the multiple plotline direction and threads is likely from Shakespeare's time, though I read the paper on it, the evidence–on the origin from whom is a bit murky on that count, which often happens in cultural phenomena, especially that far back in time.

However, the multiplication of problems and conflicts is more of recent thing. (Which to be clear in present time ends with a lot of reviewers on Youtube calling it "Fake" and "Unnecessary" etc. Millennials and Gen Z in particular hate it and call the multiplication of this terrible, particularly among women reviewers over men.)

Anyway, the point is that in particularly Christmas movies, which often double down on the religious aspects, huge problem, transformation, then every last problem about the character is fixed. Or for Christians (since Freytag said he based his on Christianity rather blatantly): It follows the Bible in simplified terms.

The connection to Christianity

You have Genesis, then all the stuff in the middle you kinda ignore and then all things go wrong, and then, OMG, there is salvation. Or the simplified version of crucifixion because you fell asleep in church, Jesus exists. Jesus preaches and gets people to hate Him. He dies. He gets ressurrected.

This is transformation. Through this Jesus what? Absolves all of your sins. You, not just Jesus are also transformed.

The majority of the authors that argued for this type of story structure with the diagrams were also Christians. The Jews I found didn't have the diagram.

Back to the Christmas Rom Com

Usually the cast also sings. And there is a part that's not in other Three-act-ish dramas: The Preaching. The incessant preaching.

The types of preaching come in these forms:

Woman (usually, though sometimes gay man who is femme) is told by her friends she is in love with target the audience is supposed to like–like it or not this is supposed to be the OTP, no matter the chemistry on screen.

Woman gets preached to about dead relative, previous Christmas, or some event from the past

You have the unbeliever of Christmas (which may be Christmas Carol+Grinch) and the true believer. Usually in the leads.

The male lead, usually is scarred by a previous Christmas.

All of these get transformed by the end, like a wafer to the body of Christ.

All sins are forgiven, and the preaching in these movies works every time. And usually the rich socialite ends up what? More humble and thus moves to a humble town (though this most of the time is to make filming cheaper, tbh.).

These Middle class main lead often to another middle class main lead or richer person.

All problems solved, world peace, every character flaw is fixed and forgiven.

Cue around here, Brecht throwing up at the blatant misuse of his input into story structure and probably several other theorists scratching their heads at "What is this Holiday Christmas movie?"

And the thing about Christmas movies, if you like them or hate them, they hit the time stamps for what they need to do perfectly. There is no flaw in the timing. The dialogue is flat and not that sparkly, and the introspection is externalized, like a cross, and there you go. This is how the character changes. All is fixed and well.

Shintoism, Buddhism, Mugyo, and general East Asian Philosophy

Particularly said of Japan, Japan is accused of being FLAT character arcs. People go into it and find out character has XYZ problems. Those problems might add, but not multiply, and then at the end, only X or Z problem is solved. It's not a story of transformation at all.

Character is poor and might end poor. That's not solved by magical benefactor.

Character starts off with an oppressive mother, their boss hates them, they don't have romance, and they feel unloved. The character arc fixes the "They don't feel loved." The other stuff is ignored and only there to serve the self-discovery of the character on their journey towards inner peace despite the chaos around them.

This is because the main point is not transformation, but self-realization of oneself.

This ties very, very heavily to the various religions in the region, which focus more on inward growth towards outward control, than outward circumstance towards outward control. Change is thought to be slow, hard to achieve and often either cyclical, or circular until one digs into ones self and really finds a way to say, escape the cycle so they can get out of it to reach say, Nirvana, The Next Life, harmony with all living beings, etc.

In another words, to shape the outer world, one has to work on oneself first, because there is no great Jewish not-white not long-haired savior to help you externally, it comes from your own work within, which is often said to be painful slow and comes with a lot of attachments you might not need. And if you stay attached to those worldly things, it will create evil. (this is true of Shintoism, Mugyo, and Buddhism.) There is no one to save but yourself. And the healthy attachments are often good deeds from within yourself towards others.

Examples

Spirited Away, Chihiro forgets her entire adventure. She gains a new head elastic, but as the beginning said, she won't really forget her experience. What's the singular thing that Sen/Chihiro gained?

The confidence to face new challenges.

You've gone through the entire movie, and she has not had a huge transformation arc where everything was fixed. Her parents still aren't that great. She still has to move to a new town. And not all of her problems were solved. Haku is still a roaming spirit, No Face might have found a home and a place, but still has its flaw. Not everything was fixed. There was only one thing that totally transformed and changed for our main lead Chihiro.

And the thing is Miyazaki and his animators pulls this all of the time without fail and you still feel wrapped into his world and point of view.

This is true of Ashes of Love, (Chinese) as well. A-Z problems are not solved for the characters. One character flaw is changed for each character, which is a kind of spoiler here. While they do learn and grow, there are still problems looming in the distance that might come back at a later date. Also the ending feels a little bit bittersweet. Following the formula of qichengzhuanhe, it does not linger on the ending, but instead gives us a cyclical feel.

I think the one that drove people up the wall, personally, was Stranger Again. (Korean drama) People argued that it was a "Sad ending" but from the perspective of the characters it was a happy ending. The themes of the drama were met by the end of the drama showing that sometimes love isn't enough to keep a couple together. It really dug deep into what love is and isn't and the imperfections and blemishes of it. But people still struggled really deep with the idea that not everything is fixable. They wanted that transformation, but the drama never promised a transformation. It only promised, from the title and beginning to ending to make sure people understood why people sometimes need to divorce and not to be caught so strongly in hate or so strongly in love, but that middle of finding a way to move forward without another person. The change for the characters, wasn't through conflict--the conflict made their ability to solve things more tangled and worse. The solution came in the form of self-realization and contemplation, where they discovered the painful truth and then were able to let go. And that was the happiest ending for the characters, but those addicted to Christianity's total transformation, sacrifice as ideas of love hated it.

But I dislike the idea that someone needs to give up all of their happiness in order to make another person happy until they are angry and resentful at them. Because then, is that really love? And so if you sat there and thought through the morality and the things the drama was saying that was the happiest ending. But not the one that you wanted. However, it lingered and made you more honest about facing your relationships and the world because it forced you to question yourself and self-reflect–and that's the whole point of a lot of these stories that don't fix everything. The world is messy, and though you might get cooperation, the only thing you can control is yourself, so you need to respect others and their choices and the best way to do that is to know yourself before facing others rather than waiting for a savior to fix it for you.

BTW, I can do this with Taiwanese dramas too. It's rare for an East Asian drama to try to fix everything for the characters. If anything, the characters crawl towards finding their own solutions. Think through some of the dramas you've watched.

[dark-ambition]

A certain snake silently sets out a platter of mugs out in the center of the lobby, each mug separated by a tiny white china plate. Said mugs seem to be filled to the brim with steaming hot cocoa, complete with swirls of whipped cream, sticks of chocolate rolled wafers sunk into the drinks, and a collection of chocolate chip cookies piled on top of each plate (presumably to act as a treat to dunk into the cocoa.)

He’s busy gently re-arranging the drink, adjusting a mug so the handles are straight and easy to grab, nudging a cookie here and there, when he hears a sound behind him, freezing in place. He slowly turns his head, knowing full well he was caught in the act and he’d never be able to live it down.

“…How much do I have to pay you to make sure you never ssssaw me?”

[strangemusictriumph]

Semiconductor Market - Forecast (2022 - 2027)

Semiconductor market size is valued at $427.6 billion in 2020 and is expected to reach a value of $698.2 billion by 2026 at a CAGR of 5.9% during the forecast period 2021-2026. Increased investments in memory devices and Integrated circuit components are driving technological improvements in the semiconductor sector. The emergence of artificial intelligence, internet of things and machine learning technologies is expected to create a market for Insulators as this technology aid memory chip to process large data in less time. Moreover demand for faster and advanced memory chip in industrial application is expected to boost the semiconductor market size. Semiconductors technology continues to shrink in size and shapes, a single chip may hold more and more devices, indicating more capabilities per chip. As a result, a number of previously-used chips are now being combined into a single chip, resulting in highly-integrated solutions. Owing to such advancement in technology the Gallium arsenide market is expected to spur its semiconductor market share in the forecast period.

Report Coverage

The report: “Semiconductor Market Forecast (2021-2026)”, by IndustryARC covers an in-depth analysis of the following segments of the Semiconductor market report.

By Components – Analog IC, Sensors, MPU, MCU, Memory Devices, Lighting Devices, Discrete Power Devices, Others

By Application – Networking & Communication, Healthcare, Automotive, Consumer electronic, Data processing, Industrial, Smart Grid, Gaming, Other components

By Type - Intrinsic Semiconductor, Extrinsic Semiconductor

By Process- Water Production, Wafer Fabrication, Doping, Masking, Etching, Thermal Oxidation

By Geography - North America (U.S, Canada, Mexico), Europe (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Spain, Belgium, Russia and Others), APAC(China, Japan India, SK, Aus and Others), South America(Brazil, Argentina, and others), and RoW (Middle east and Africa)

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Key Takeaways

In component segment Memory device is expected to drive the overall market growth owing to on-going technological advancement such as virtual reality and cloud computing.

networking and communication is expected hold the large share owing to rise in demand for smart phone and smart devices around the world.

APAC region is estimated to account for the largest share in the global market during the forecast period due to rise of electronic equipment production and presence of large local component manufacturers.

Semiconductor Market Segment Analysis- By Component

Memory device is expected to drive the overall market growth at a CAGR of 6.1% owing to on-going technological advancement such as virtual reality and cloud computing. High average selling price of NAND flash chips and DRAM would contribute significantly to revenue generation. Over the constant evolution, logic devices utilised in special purpose application particular signal processors and application specific integrated circuits are expected to grow at the fastest rate.

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Semiconductor Market Segment Analysis - By Application 

With increasing demand for smart phone and smart devices around the world networking and communication segment is expected hold the large share in the market at 16.5% in 2020. Moreover due to Impact of Covid 19, the necessity of working from home has risen and the use of devices such as laptops, routers and other have increased which is expected to boost the semiconductor market size. The process of Wafer Level Packaging (WLP), in which an IC is packaged to produce a component that is nearly the same size as the die, has increased the use of semiconductor ICs across consumer electronics components owing to developments in silicon wafer materials.

Semiconductor Market Segment Analysis – By Geography 

APAC region is estimated to account for the largest semiconductor market share at 44.8% during the forecast period owing to rise of electronic equipment production. Due to the extensive on-going migration of various electrical equipment and the existence of local component manufacturers, China is recognised as the region's leading country. The market in North America is expected to grow at a rapid pace, owing to rising R&D spending.

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Semiconductor Market Drivers 

Increase in Utilization of Consumer Electronics

Rise in technological advancement in consumer electronic devices have created a massive demand for integrated circuit chip, as these IC chip are used in most of the devices such as Smartphones, TV’s, refrigerator for advanced/ smart functioning. Moreover investment towards semiconductor industries by the leading consumer electronics companies such as Apple, Samsung and other is expected to boost the semiconductor market share by country. The adoption of cloud computing has pushed growth for server CPUs and storage which is ultimately expected to drive the semiconductor market. Wireless-internet are being adopted on a global scale and it require semiconductor equipment As a result, the semiconductor market research is fuelled by demand and income created by their production.

AI Application in Automotive

Semiconductor industry is expected to be driven by the huge and growing demand for powerful AI applications from automotive markets. Automakers are pushing forward with driverless vehicles, advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), and graphics processing units (GPUs) which is estimated to boost the semiconductor market size. Furthermore, varied automobile products, such as navigation control, entertainment systems, and collision detection systems, utilise automotive semiconductor ICs with various capabilities. In the present time, automotive represents approximately 10 – 12 per cent of the chip market. 

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Semiconductor Market- Challenges 

Changing Functionality of Chipsets

The semiconductor market is being held back by the constantly changing functionality of semiconductor chips and the unique demands of end-users from various industries. The factors such as Power efficiency, unrealistic schedules, and cost-down considerations are hindering the semiconductor market analysis.

Semiconductor Market Landscape

Technology launches, acquisitions and R&D activities are key strategies adopted by players in the Semiconductors Market. The market of Electrical conductivity has been consolidated by the major players – Qualcomm, Samsung Electronics, Toshiba Corporation, Micron Technology, Intel Corporation, Texas Instruments, Kyocera Corporation, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing, NXP Semiconductors, Fujitsu Semiconductor Ltd.

Acquisitions/Technology Launches

In July 2020 Qualcomm introduced QCS410 AND QCS610 system on chips, this is designed for premium camera technology, including powerful artificial intelligence and machine learning features.

In November 2019 Samsung announced it production of its 12GB and 24GB LPDDR4X uMCP chip, offering high quality memory and data transfer rate upto 4266 Mbps in smartphones

In September 2019 the new 5655 Series electronic Board-to-Board connectors from Kyocera Corporation are optimised for high-speed data transfer, with a 0.5mm pitch and a stacking height of under 4mm, making them among the world's smallest for this class of connector. 

For more Electronics related reports, please click here

[whatdoesshedotothem]

Sunday 4 August 1839

9 ¾

9 10/..

Rainy morning ½ hour washing and taking off and shaking our top clothes as well as we could – slept well till near 9 – A- up an hour before me – read aloud 5 and 6 chapters Matthew to me in bed – one basin, one towel – but china plates and dishes round the room – took one of the latter for washing and did very well, dividing our towel (tied a knot at my end) each keeping to our own end – then A- sketched the interior of our room and I walked about – till about 11 when Smith came – explained the mottos round the room – had flatbread ‘fladbrod’ (pronounced flăbbrĕu) and butter and cold water declined coffee – and I ate multe baer (mōltebäre) this and having the mother and son who shewed us the 2 silver forks baron Nicolai had given the oldest son and daughter took till 12 ¼ - it seems fair and the fog is rising over the mountains – signe de beau temps? – on looking over the Protocol Prutucul, pronounced protocol – found that the ‘Earl of Hillsborough was here 29 August 1833 apparently Lord Cantelup with him – and 11 July 1833 Sir Hume Campbell and Captain Rose – waited 8 hours here for horses – no fault of the

SH:7/ML/TR/12/0016

August Sunday 4 people here – Baron von Nicolay with 2 sons and 2 daughters  wash ere 18 July last – and in 1829 20 August ‘Le [?] Dal Borgo di Primo Le consul de Légation Krag’ writes ……. –‘Avis aux amateurs des beautés romantiques – Rukand Foss. Il en coute de la voir mais on oublie les fatigues de retour, dans l’auberge,  et on s’eunchit d’un souvenir agréable.

Gousta. Elle vaut mieux de loin que de près – on risque ses jambes, et son cou pour une gloire que l’on parage avec es cheves. Quand à force de fatigue on a atteint la cime de la montagne, un nuage Epais vous prive souvent de plaisir de contempler un tableau que ne repond [répond] jamais à l’attente – En un mot, Le jeu ne vaut pas la chandele [chandelle]’ – Dinner now at 2 – with the family a tour especial request – the mistress of the house her daughter aet. 9 and 2 women servants – her son aet. 18, and 3 menservants – I at the top and then (left) A- the daughter and woman except Madame at my request on my right and then Smith and the son, and menservants – 3 piles of fladbrod down and on the middle of the table (not on plates) and a round blue and white Delft-like dish of fried bacon and pigs ribs (cut in single ribs) at the top – which Madame handed to me and A- and then it passed round with a sauce made of Dravel and cream – this done, Madame and 1 woman servant went out to the kitchen (a detached building) and then followed the other women and they brought a plat [plate] of salmon trout cut into small bits and a thickish melted butter-like basin of sauce and a little fresh butter – this handed to A- and to me, and then passed round as before – A- and I ate a little bread and butter which nobody else touched and then all was over – perhaps in about ¾ hour – It surprised me to see so little enough for all – everybody left the table, and A- and I sauntered out, to the kitchen and about the house, and then to the Stolpebod pronounced (Stolpăbōod)

meat twice a week and on Sundays

dinner eat at 6 and 9am and at 2 and 8pm

August Sunday 4 i.e. says Smith a house on 4 posts without a ‘chaumière’ not strawthatched? (this place red tile-thatched?) bod pronounced bōōd, is our booth  - and stolpe post –

nothing particular in the kitchen – the fireplace in the corner and raised 12 or 15 in. above the ground – a table that turns up against the wall and fastens back the foot turning up flat against the table – a table of this kind, too, in the room where we dined (below our bedroom) that is also near the fire –

Stolpebod: the store house where the fried meat (beef and bacon) and flour and bread and butter and cheese is kept –

Fladbrod make of big and [missing word – little] potatoe baked in May, for the year -  as thin as a wafer, perhaps 20in. diameter and piled one cake upon another 4 or 5ft. high forming 5 or 6 rustic-looking columns –on one side the room – en face (on entering) a large canteen or chest (larger than mine at home – would hold as much as the great oak chest) full of flour pressed down fine sifted barly or big – 2 or 3 other sorts of flour – and 3 or 4 sorts of bread – another sort make like the fladbrod but according to Smiths’ interpretation thrown on basket upon a wet cloth with a wet cloth over it, and folded while hot into a square of 4 folds the proper size to pack in their havresacks (they call oatmeal havre) for going into the forests – they have then a little wooden jar of goat and sheep butter, and another of Dravel (curd after making cheese) and on these 3 peasants live – tasted the butter – not bad – white – more like grease than cows butter – 1 cow yields per annum 3lbs. butter 3lbs. cheese, and 3lbs- Dravel – but judging from a cheese weighing 1/2lb. Norwegian

I should 1lb. Norwegian = 10lbs. or more English

Butter 3 Dallers or species per lb.

cheese 1 ditto and the Dravel they cannot sell but live on it – the foin (hay for the cow in winter worth 8 dallers) –

Butter 9 + cheese 3 = 12 dallers then there is the calf and dravel and whey , and the

Fladbrod. Stolpebrod 2/3

SH:7/ML/TR/12/0017

August Sunday 4 the servants seem to be paid in kind or a man has 12 species a year – or he has a certain portion of ground and for this labours so many days – In making the goats and sheeps cheese the milk of the 2 animals is milked – the cows milk cheese is our old milk cheese, not eatable till a year old – the butter is the great thing they anxious for – this is, in fact, money, and supplies the towns – all made up with much salt, and well pressed down in wooden tubs – perhaps one cow will yield 3 or 4 of our [quarts]  at a meal and perhaps about ½ English lb. butter a day during the time necessary to yield the 3 Norwegian lbs. pay here and this peasant rich perhaps 20 dollars (species)  a year to government – something to the commerce and to the poor – the peasants marry among themselves – never below their rank – never marry their servants – here there is the house and 14 or 15 wooden outbuildings scattered round at a little distance apparently without any plan – one a stable for strangers – one a barn – one a place for kitchen utensils etc. one for pigs and houses also one a barn – one the summer kitchen – one the handsomest stolpebod  and this and another used for the same purpose are nearer to the house than the kitchen – a small piece of garden ornamented by a few rows of fine tall hop-plants – they malt their barley for beer after the same principle as we do and then call it mălt (the a pronounced as in the English hat) – they fish in autumn, and preserve it for the winter – Government or the commune pays each storthing man 3 or 3 ½ species a day – one peasant is sitting now at Xtiania 5th time – 5th storthing to which he has been elected – the oldest son takes the estate but must pay a portion to each of the younger children – but if he is obliged to sell, he has the right to repurchase any time within 20 years for the same sum he received – all the hills covered with fir – the other wood  is a little birch and alder – no cattle about here – a nose mile off – and the church 2 miles off – but mountain are less miles = about a German mile i.e. about 5 English miles – our situation here very beautiful – our lake almost divided into 2 by a wooded line of hill and surrounded by fine pine – clad mountains – one range rising up behind another – Gousta not visible at all today – fair since noon, and even fine from about 2pm but still Gousta is hid in clouds and mist – determined at dinner to stay here till 3 am tomorrow and then go to the mountains or home again according to the weather, having sent a forbud towards the mountains for if we do not go, we have only ½ to pay for the 3 horses  for ourselves and one for the forbud – ‘tis now 6 ¾ just as I have written so far – sat inking over Monday Tuesday and Wednesday last till now 8 ¾ - rainy day till afterwards at 2pm fair and fine evening

[zvaigzdelasas]

[TIME is US Media]

U.S. and European officials are growing increasingly concerned about China’s accelerated push into the production of older-generation semiconductors and are debating new strategies to contain the country’s expansion. President Joe Biden implemented broad controls over China’s ability to secure the kind of advanced chips that power artificial-intelligence models and military applications. But Beijing responded by pouring billions into factories for the so-called legacy chips that haven’t been banned. Such chips are still essential throughout the global economy, critical components for everything from smartphones and electric vehicles to military hardware.

That’s sparked fresh fears about China’s potential influence and triggered talks of further reining in the Asian nation, according to people familiar with the matter, who asked not to be identified because the deliberations are private. The U.S. is determined to prevent chips from becoming a point of leverage for China, the people said.

Commerce Secretary Gina Raimondo alluded to the problem during a panel discussion last week at the American Enterprise Institute. “The amount of money that China is pouring into subsidizing what will be an excess capacity of mature chips and legacy chips—that’s a problem that we need to be thinking about and working with our allies to get ahead of,” she said.[...]

Legacy chips are typically considered those made with 28-nm equipment or above, technology introduced more than a decade ago. Senior E.U. and U.S. officials are concerned about Beijing’s drive to dominate this market for both economic and security reasons, the people said. They worry Chinese companies could dump their legacy chips on global markets in the future, driving foreign rivals out of business like in the solar industry, they said.[...]

domestic producers may be reluctant to invest in facilities that will have to compete with heavily subsidized Chinese plants. [...]

“The United States and its partners should be on guard to mitigate nonmarket behavior by China’s emerging semiconductor firms,”

While the U.S. rules introduced last October slowed down China’s development of advanced chipmaking capabilities, they left largely untouched [sic] the country’s ability to use techniques older than 14-nanometers. That has led Chinese firms to construct new plants faster than anywhere else in the world. They are forecast to build 26 fabs through 2026 that use 200-millimeter and 300-mm wafers, according to the trade group SEMI. That compares with 16 fabs for the Americas.

So what's the problem? is it that you suck at manufacturing & want more neoliberalism? That's what it seems like to me [31 Jul 23]

[thesingersgirlrevisited]

Sapphire Scrimshaw

Someone, dilute the poison like one thimble of escozul: blue, always blue at the cusp of another frigid year. The corpses of delicate scorpions pile under the dripping ink of Blue Beard’s numerous marriage contracts. And we all think on how our own moderate fortunes will last before we are strung up in never-ending blue.  Impaled on a ball-point pen, our hearts are exposed paper planes dyed in the cobalt of china pottery. We will learn to eat paper.  We will hide them in our cholesterol -soaked mouths and the resulting ink will not stay down. It will un-vein itself from a paper wafer down the lip, onto our teats, only after the sapphire of our guilt empties, then collects and scribbles its scrimshaw onto the sheets of our amber teeth. 

[mariacallous]

After four years of watching Donald Trump inflict flesh wounds on China with his ineffectual trade war, U.S. President Joe Biden appears to have found the jugular. The goal is the same, but this knife is sharper—and could set back China’s tech ambitions by as much as a decade.

The target: semiconductor chips, especially the cutting-edge variety used for supercomputers and artificial intelligence. New export controls announced by the Biden administration this month prohibit the sale of not only those chips to China but also the advanced equipment needed to make them, as well as knowledge from any U.S. citizens, residents, or green card holders.

The chips, wafer-thin and the size of a fingernail, underpin everything from our smartphones to the advanced weapons systems that the United States specifically called out in its filing announcing the export restrictions. Perhaps more important—and this is where the U.S. curbs will hurt China the most—they are indispensable to the technologies of the future, such as AI and self-driving cars, as well as virtually every industry from pharmaceuticals to defense.

“You can pick a cliche—people talk about it as the ‘new oil’ or whatever,” said Raj Varadarajan, a managing director and senior partner at the Boston Consulting Group whose research has focused on the semiconductor industry. “But it’s there in everything, it’s pervading everything, and that’s one of the reasons it’s become such a flashpoint.”

China has set out lofty ambitions for its technology sector, with several government plans over the past decade setting out targets such as self-sufficiency in high-tech manufacturing by 2025, global leadership in AI by 2030, and global industry standards dominance by 2035. The latest U.S. broadside is aimed squarely at that “Made in China” sign.

“I think this is part of also signaling to China that we are not just going to resolve to give China global leadership in some of these key areas,” said Daniel Gerstein, a senior policy researcher at the Rand Corp. who previously served in the U.S. Department of Homeland Security’s Science and Technology Directorate. “We don’t want to lose and become beholden, if you will, to Chinese approaches.”

The semiconductor industry is the cornerstone of that strategy, and China has made significant strides in the recent past. The country now accounts for 35 percent of the global market, according to the Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA). But that figure reflects the final sales of finished chips to electronics companies, many of which have large manufacturing operations concentrated in China. The more high-tech and critical parts of the process, such as chip design and initial production, are still dominated by the United States.

And while China can hold its own at the lower end of the spectrum and the production of older-generation chips, it still lags behind in the cutting-edge research, design, and advanced technology that the Biden administration’s export restrictions target. Those goals have now likely been pushed back several years.

A significant reason for China’s vulnerability, as well as its painstaking effort to achieve independence, is how interconnected the global semiconductor supply chain is. Chips will often be designed in one country; fabricated in another using machines from a third; tested in a fourth; and finally assembled and placed into electronic devices in a fifth—sometimes with a few more countries and steps in between.

And many of those countries have concentrated their strengths and capacities in certain parts of that process, creating potential bottlenecks that can easily be exploited. For instance, the SIA estimates that there are “more than 50 points across the value chain where one region holds more than 65% of the global market share.” And 92 percent of manufacturing capacity for the world’s most advanced chips is concentrated in Taiwan; the remaining 8 percent is in South Korea.

The United States is trying to hedge its bets on that front as well, passing the CHIPS and Science Act this year, which provides $52 billion in incentives—most of it for companies that set up chip factories on U.S. soil—and hundreds of billions of dollars more to further shore up its research and development capabilities. Biden has been doing the rounds in upstate New York this month, touting the impact of the act, including at an IBM plant in Poughkeepsie (a day before the export controls were announced) and a Micron facility in Syracuse on Thursday.

For the United States, building up its own manufacturing ecosystem is a fail-safe. For China, it has rapidly become an absolute necessity.

“This is an effort that is going to take hundreds of billions of dollars and an incredible amount of engineering talent and energy to recreate a semiconductor supply chain that doesn’t involve U.S. technology,” said Jordan Schneider, a senior analyst at the Rhodium Group. “This supply chain is so globalized, but also so specialized, that at any step in it there’s only a handful of firms in the world that can do it, and if you’re sort of locked out of any one of these steps, then you can’t make chips.”

There are still some unanswered questions, including how the restrictions will be implemented in practice. In many cases, they give companies the option to apply for licenses to use and sell U.S. technology.

“It’s not clear that permission will be denied. It’s very possible that permission will be given, and so it’ll just delay and slow down some things,” Varadarajan said.

The other big question is whether and how China might hit back. Beijing has slammed what it calls “abuse” of export controls and warned that the restrictions could ultimately “backfire” on Washington, but its response so far has been a distant cry from the tit-for-tat tariffs that were a hallmark of Trump’s trade war.

With semiconductors specifically, the vast gap between U.S. and Chinese technological capabilities means Beijing doesn’t have much with which to retaliate. While China accounts for a significant portion of mature node chips—older, larger semiconductors that are not as cutting-edge but are used in products such as cars—it is not indispensable, and production can likely shift elsewhere without much disruption.

“If the U.S. bans selling semiconductors to China, and China says [it is also] going to ban semiconductors, there isn’t much in terms of things that they make over there that they can ban equivalent to proportional response,” Varadarajan said.

China, in any event, is backed into a corner. Any move Beijing makes at the moment to cut itself off from the global supply chain could hit the country’s employment and exports, both of which it can ill afford with a current economic growth rate of 3 percent—far lower than government forecasts—and no easy way out.

Actions within China in the weeks after the U.S. export controls were announced betray the uncertainty within of what to do next. The Chinese government reportedly held emergency meetings with the country’s top semiconductor firms to assess the impact of the restrictions. The Financial Times reported that one of the leading firms, Yangtze Memory Technologies Corp., has already asked several American employees to leave.

China will be forced to double down on its yearslong effort to build its own semiconductor ecosystem and might just achieve its goal of becoming self-sufficient in the long run. But in the short term, there’s likely to be pain.

“The Chinese companies are going to have an enormously difficult time trying to push past these limits without U.S. technology, but any effort to do so just to get to a 2022 level will probably take a decade or more,” Schneider said. “And even with all the effort, it’s not clear that they would succeed.”

[arnavq]

Semiconductor Capital Equipment Market Outlook to 2030

The Insight Partners recently announced the release of the market research titled Semiconductor Capital Equipment Market Outlook to 2030 | Share, Size, and Growth. The report is a stop solution for companies operating in the Semiconductor Capital Equipment market. The report involves details on key segments, market players, precise market revenue statistics, and a roadmap that assists companies in advancing their offerings and preparing for the upcoming decade. Listing out the opportunities in the market, this report intends to prepare businesses for the market dynamics in an estimated period.

Is Investing in the Market Research Worth It?

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A trusted market researcher can guide you to not only avoid pitfalls but also help you devise production, marketing, and distribution tactics. With the right research methodologies, The Insight Partners is helping brands unlock revenue opportunities in the Semiconductor Capital Equipment market.

If your business falls under any of these categories – Manufacturer, Supplier, Retailer, or Distributor, this syndicated Semiconductor Capital Equipment market research has all that you need.

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Global Semiconductor Capital Equipment market summary, current and future Semiconductor Capital Equipment market size

Market Competition in Terms of Key Market Players, their Revenue, and their Share

Economic Impact on the Industry

Production, Revenue (value), Price Trend

Cost Investigation and Consumer Insights

Industrial Chain, Raw Material Sourcing Strategy, and Downstream Buyers

Production, Revenue (Value) by Geographical Segmentation

Marketing Strategy Comprehension, Distributors and Traders

Global Semiconductor Capital Equipment Market Forecast

Study on Market Research Factors

Who are the Major Market Players in the Semiconductor Capital Equipment Market?

Semiconductor Capital Equipment market is all set to accommodate more companies and is foreseen to intensify market competition in coming years. Companies focus on consistent new launches and regional expansion can be outlined as dominant tactics. Semiconductor Capital Equipment market giants have widespread reach which has favored them with a wide consumer base and subsequently increased their Semiconductor Capital Equipment market share.

Report Attributes

Details

Segmental Coverage

equipment type

Automated Test Equipment

Die-Level Packaging and Assembly Equipment

Wafer-Level Manufacturing Equipment

end-user

Water and Sewage Treatment

Food and Beverage

Pharmaceuticals

Oil and Gas

Power Plants

Pulp and Paper

Others

Regional and Country Coverage

North America (US, Canada, Mexico)

Europe (UK, Germany, France, Russia, Italy, Rest of Europe)

Asia Pacific (China, India, Japan, Australia, Rest of APAC)

South / South & Central America (Brazil, Argentina, Rest of South/South & Central America)

Middle East & Africa (South Africa, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Rest of MEA)

Market Leaders and Key Company Profiles

Tencor

Kulicke and Soffa

Lam Research

Nikon

Planar

Tokyo Electron

Other key companies 

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The research will guide you in decisions and technology trends to adopt in the projected period.

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The The Insight Partners offer customized insights based on the client’s requirements. The following are some customizations our clients frequently ask for:

The Semiconductor Capital Equipment market report can be customized based on specific regions/countries as per the intention of the business

The report production was facilitated as per the need and following the expected time frame

Insights and chapters tailored as per your requirements.

Depending on the preferences we may also accommodate changes in the current scope.

About Us:

The Insight Partners is a one-stop industry research provider of actionable intelligence. We help our clients in getting solutions to their research requirements through our syndicated and consulting research services. We specialize in industries such as Semiconductor and Electronics, Aerospace and Defense, Automotive and Transportation, Biotechnology, Healthcare IT, Manufacturing and Construction, Medical Devices, Technology, Media and Telecommunications, Chemicals and Materials.

Contact Us: www.theinsightpartners.com

[nawapon17]

China-based National Silicon Industry to double wafer production capacity to foster self-reliant chip ecosystem

[zvaigzdelasas]

Chinese scientists have made a significant breakthrough in the world of semiconductors, the South China Morning Post (SCMP) reports. Just one atom thick (thereby termed "2D"), the new 12-long (30.5 cm) wafers can be cheaply and potentially revolutionize the semiconductor industry, its creators claim. While more work is needed to turn them into usable microchips, the new wafers could complement, even challenge, traditional silicon chips. Due to its thinness, the new 2D material exhibits superior semiconducting properties. However, the team of scientists faced challenges when it came to scaling up the size of the wafers and producing them in large quantities. “We proved to the industry that this is scientifically feasible and instilled confidence. If there are industrial demands in the future, progress in this field will advance by leaps and bounds,”  study lead Professor Liu Kaihui of Peking University told SCMP in an exclusive interview. As reported in a study published in Science Bulletin, the new wafers offer some critical improvements over existing silicon chips. “When silicon transistors are made thinner, their [voltage control] becomes worse. Current will exist even when the device is not working. This brings extra energy costs and heat generation,” Liu explained. The new 2D material comprises crystalline solids with one or several atom layers. Due to its naturally atomic-level thickness, the wafers possess unique physical properties and have potential applications in high-performance electronic devices. “A transistor built from a single layer of MoS2, [a typical 2D material] with a thickness of about one nanometre, outperforms the one made with the same thickness of silicon many times,” Liu added. [...] to date, scientists have struggled to fabricate 2D material wafers with high uniformity and device performance, even though 2D materials can exist separately at each layer. The new wafers can be stacked layer by layer, including materials such as graphene or transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) like molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, molybdenum diselenide, and tungsten diselenide.

28 Aug 23