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drdeepalibhakare · 2 years

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GALSTONES &LIVER DISEASE

What is Gall Bladder Stone? Cholecystitis/Gallstones & liver disease: are small stones that form in the gallbladder- a little sac beneath the liver in which bile is stored and concentrated.Usually no symptoms(silent stones) are seen, but sometimes they experience pain or nausea. Diagnosis is done by blood tests, or ultrasound scans.

Stones can cause pain, nausea, and other symptoms and may require surgery if it causes discomfort or blocks the flow of bile.

What is gallbladder pain? The gallbladder’s function is to store and concentrate bile. Bile is a substance that the body uses to digest fats in a person’s diet. The liver produces bile, which the gallbladder stores until the body requires it for digestion.

Ideally, when a person eats foods that contain fats, the stomach digests some of the food, and the gallbladder releases bile to aid digestion.

However, the components of bile (specifically, cholesterol and bilirubin) can sometimes start to build up and become gallbladder sludge. This accumulation of substances may lead to the formation of small, pebble-like “stones” that doctors call gallstones(cholecystitis)

Gallstones can block the release of bile from the gallbladder. When the stones block its release, the bile starts to back up in the gallbladder.

This buildup causes gallbladder swelling and inflammation, which can lead to infection and poor blood flow. Doctors call this condition cholecystitis, and it is where gallbladder pain comes in.

Cholecystitis pain characteristics:

affects the upper abdomen, usually on the right side may radiate to the back and the right shoulder blade comes on after a meal or in the evenings worsens when taking a deep breath is sudden and often intense A person may describe the nature of the pain in a variety of ways. They may report a cramping, dull, or constant pain that can persist for up to 6 hours.

Causes of Cholecystitis & liver disease:

Gallstones are more common in people over 50, although children as young as 10 can form them. As well as being caused by dietary factors, gallstones are associated with the following:

-Family history of gallstones

-Previous gallbladder surgery

-Type 2 diabetes mellitus (a condition caused by the body’s inability to make insulin or use it properly) and other diseases that affect the pancreas. -Women are more likely to develop gallstones.

Other factors that may contribute to the formation of gallstones include:

-Lack of physical activity or obesity.

-Certain medications, such as corticosteroids and antihistamines. -Some medical conditions like cirrhosis. -A diet high in cholesterol.

However, we do know that cholecystitis is more common among:

Obesity Pregnancy Gallbladder stasis Drugs Heredity

Symptoms of Cholecystitis & liver disease:

Sometimes, people with gallstones may suffer from pain in the upper abdomen or nausea at a later stage when the stone gets stretched. Most stones are small, so there may be no need for surgery if it remains asymptomatic (without showing any symptoms).

if the stone does not cause any blockages or pain, it will not be diagnosed. And even if a doctor has an X-ray of your abdomen taken, they may not be able to see them without taking other tests and scans. This makes it difficult to determine whether you have gallstones just from symptoms alone.

If you are a woman, symptoms of gallstones may include pain in the upper abdomen or back under the shoulder blades, a sudden feeling of fullness after eating as little as one tablespoonful, trouble swallowing. If your stone blocks the common bile duct (which drains bile from the liver through to the duodenum ), it can cause severe pain in the upper abdomen.

If a gallstone lodges in a duct and causes a blockage, signs, and symptoms may result, such as:

Sudden and rapidly intensifying pain in the upper right portion of your abdomen Sudden and rapidly intensifying pain in the center of your abdomen, just below your breastbone Back pain between your shoulder blades Pain in your right shoulder

dermatitis/itching of skin Gallstone pain may last several minutes to a few hours.

Types of Gallstones: Cholesterol gallstones. The most common type of gallstone called a cholesterol gallstone, often appears yellow in color. These gallstones are composed mainly of undissolved cholesterol but may contain other components.

Pigment gallstones. These dark brown or black stones form when your bile contains too much bilirubin. Diagnosis of Gall Stones The common diagnosis for gallstones is by blood tests, X-ray images of the gall bladder or ultrasound scans.

What Happens If Gallstones Are Left Untreated? Gallstones might get more complicated if they are left untreated!

As long as gallstones remain in the gallbladder, they are not usually a problem. If they cause discomfort or block the flow of bile from the gallbladder to the intestines, then surgery may be necessary. Causes of Gall bladder stones

Gallstones are often found in people who have elevated cholesterol levels, particularly those with diabetes. Obesity also predisposes a person to the formation of gallstones. However, most gallstones are discovered incidentally when imaging studies are performed for other reasons and no underlying disease is present.

Life-Threatening Complications of gallstones & liver disease:

You have a life-threatening condition called acute cholecystitis when you have severe pain in your upper abdomen and fever that comes without warning. Acute cholecystitis most often happens after a gallstone blocks the bile duct.

Treatment is quick to try to prevent infections that could cause death. Your doctor may suggest surgery, but if you’re pregnant it’s unlikely that he or she will opt for this approach.

The treatment of acute cholecystitis is very effective, even if an infection develops from the blocked gallbladder. If you have one or more painful attacks within a few months before delivery, you may be offered medication to dissolve your stones during labor and delivery.

Pregnancy and Gallstones During pregnancy, your body produces hormones that increase the amount of cholesterol in your bile. This may cause gallstones to form more easily, especially within the first six months after delivery. Women who have had one child are four times as likely to have gallstones as women who have never been pregnant.

Any woman may have a gallbladder attack during pregnancy or immediately after delivery because of the increase in cholesterol content in her bile that occurs at this time. These attacks usually are caused by rapid weight loss, stress or dietary changes (for example, if a mother has to be on bed rest). If you have symptoms of gallstones, talk with your doctor.

Prevention of Gallstone Formation The formation of gallstones is often prevented by a special diet that includes lots of water and liquids. If you have symptoms after eating certain foods, you should avoid them to prevent the painful symptoms associated with gallbladder attacks or inflammation. Eat at regular times (such as three meals daily) and avoid overeating. Eat slowly and chew food thoroughly.

The following dietary changes also can affect the formation of gallstones &liver disease:

Increase consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes (such as baked beans), and whole grains; avoid too much sugar; decrease consumption of fried foods, butter or margarine, and whole milk products; avoid cholesterol from eggs and red meat; avoid the use of alcohol.

When you eat, drink lots of water or juices to flush out your system and prevent gallstones from forming. Don’t chew gum or tobacco because they tend to increase the amount of cholesterol in your body.

Be sure that you have enough magnesium, potassium, calcium, and other electrolytes in your diet for the proper functioning of the gallbladder. A diet high in these nutrients is important for preventing other diseases of the digestive system as well.

If you are overweight, lose weight slowly, preferably by eating a healthy diet and exercising at least three times a week for 30 minutes each session.

Conventional Treatment of Gall Bladder Stone:

Both cholesterol and biliary stones can be diagnosed by blood tests, x-ray images, or ultrasound scans. If your doctor finds that you have gallstones then they may do a treatment called endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography this is when an endoscope instrument with a fibreoptic camera is inserted through the mouth into the stomach to look for potential problems like gall stones.

Doctors are able to remove the gallstones in some cases by using keyhole surgery and laparoscopy (keyhole surgery), this uses a camera inserted through a little incision near your navel or a long thin tube passed into the abdomen. Surgery can also be performed if you have severe pain, nausea, or if the gall stones are very large. The surgeon will remove the gall bladder and cut out the stones.

After surgery most people can be discharged from the hospital within a few days; some people may experience nausea, pain, and problems passing a motion for a couple of weeks. If you are experiencing any of these symptoms then consult your doctor for further advice.

The surgery to remove gallstones is usually curative, although some people may develop another gallstone at a later stage. If this happens then the majority of the time you will be able to have it removed in a similar way to the first surgery.

There are some cases where the symptoms have not improved however after having a surgical procedure. This is more likely in people who have had their gall stones for a long period of time, or if the person has other health problems that may complicate their treatment.

Gall bladder surgeries can be used for the treatment of symptomatic gallstones in certain patients who have a high risk of complications if left untreated. The best treatment for you will depend on your particular case, so it is important to discuss your options with your doctor if you or a family member has gall stones.

Homeopathy Treatment of Gallstones:

Homeopathy offers treatment that is safe, gentle and without any side effects, Homeopathy is a beneficial option for Gall stones, Homeopathy can help in removing the gall stones but depends on the number of the stones and the size, it will help reduce the pain and discomfort and improve the function of the life, it will prevent the patient from undergoing a surgical procedure and prevent further recurrences of gall stones.

Homeopathy Medicines of Gallstones & liver disease The specialists prescribed the most common Homeopathy medicines for gall stones at our clinics:

Chelidonium Lyco Cardus Marinus Phosphorus Calcarea Arsenic

Carbo veg etc.

Can diet prevent gallstones & liver disease? Women who eat more fruits and vegetables are less likely to have their gallbladders removed than women who eat very little fresh produce, according to a 2006 study. Also, other sources of fiber such as the psyllium husks mentioned earlier may be beneficial for the gallbladder.

Foods that may cause gallstones &liver disease

high-fat foods eggs sugar Weight management for gallstones As obesity increases the risk of gallstones, those who are overweight should aim to achieve and maintain a healthy weight.

However, following a diet that is very low in calories (500 per day) can be a risk factor for gallstone formation, according to a 2013 studyTrusted Source. However, those who ate between 1200 and 1500 calories a day for 12 weeks lost weight but were much less likely to get gallstones.

Home remedies: Avoiding foods known to worsen gallbladder pain may help reduce the likelihood of the pain worsening. These foods include:

greasy foods high fat foods, including fatty cuts of meat spicy foods Avoiding these foods allows the gallbladder the chance to “rest and recover”

Stones can cause pain, nausea, and other symptoms and may require surgery if it causes discomfort or blocks the flow of bile.

Ideally, when a person eats foods that contain fats, the stomach digests some of the food, and the gallbladder releases bile to aid digestion.

Gallstones can block the release of bile from the gallbladder. When the stones block its release, the bile starts to back up in the gallbladder.

This buildup causes gallbladder swelling and inflammation, which can lead to infection and poor blood flow. Doctors call this condition cholecystitis, and it is where gallbladder pain comes in.

Cholecystitis pain characteristics:

Causes of Cholecystitis & liver disease:

Gallstones are more common in people over 50, although children as young as 10 can form them. As well as being caused by dietary factors, gallstones are associated with the following:

-Family history of gallstones

-Previous gallbladder surgery

-Type 2 diabetes mellitus (a condition caused by the body’s inability to make insulin or use it properly) and other diseases that affect the pancreas. -Women are more likely to develop gallstones.

Other factors that may contribute to the formation of gallstones include:

-Lack of physical activity or obesity.

-Certain medications, such as corticosteroids and antihistamines. -Some medical conditions like cirrhosis. -A diet high in cholesterol.

However, we do know that cholecystitis is more common among:

Obesity Pregnancy Gallbladder stasis Drugs Heredity

Symptoms of Cholecystitis & liver disease:

If a gallstone lodges in a duct and causes a blockage, signs, and symptoms may result, such as:

dermatitis/itching of skin Gallstone pain may last several minutes to a few hours.

What Happens If Gallstones Are Left Untreated? Gallstones might get more complicated if they are left untreated!

Life-Threatening Complications of gallstones & liver disease:

Treatment is quick to try to prevent infections that could cause death. Your doctor may suggest surgery, but if you’re pregnant it’s unlikely that he or she will opt for this approach.

The following dietary changes also can affect the formation of gallstones &liver disease:

If you are overweight, lose weight slowly, preferably by eating a healthy diet and exercising at least three times a week for 30 minutes each session.

Conventional Treatment of Gall Bladder Stone:

Homeopathy Treatment of Gallstones:

Homeopathy Medicines of Gallstones & liver disease The specialists prescribed the most common Homeopathy medicines for gall stones at our clinics:

Chelidonium Lyco Cardus Marinus Phosphorus Calcarea Arsenic

Carbo veg etc.

Foods that may cause gallstones &liver disease

high-fat foods eggs sugar Weight management for gallstones As obesity increases the risk of gallstones, those who are overweight should aim to achieve and maintain a healthy weight.

Home remedies: Avoiding foods known to worsen gallbladder pain may help reduce the likelihood of the pain worsening. These foods include:

greasy foods high fat foods, including fatty cuts of meat spicy foods Avoiding these foods allows the gallbladder the chance to “rest and recover”

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drdeepalibhakare · 2 years

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VARICOSE VEINS(TELANGIECTASIA)

INTRODUCTION

Telangiectasia symptoms:

Bulging, bluish vein or veins

Swelling in the legs

Aching pain in the legs

A feeling of heaviness in the legs and feet

Itching around the vein or veins

Skin color changes around the vein or veins

Night time leg cramps

TYPES

trunk varicose veins – these are near to the surface of the skin and are thick and knobbly; they’re often long and can look unpleasant

reticular varicose veins – these are red and sometimes grouped close together in a network

telangiectasia varicose veins – also known as thread veins or spider veins, these are small clusters of blue or red veins that sometimes appear on your face or legs; they’re harmless and, unlike trunk varicose veins, do not bulge underneath the surface of the skin.

CAUSES

Varicose veins develop when the small valves inside the veins stop working properly.

In a healthy vein, blood flows smoothly to the heart. The blood is prevented from flowing backwards by a series of tiny valves that open and close to let blood through.

If the valves weaken or are damaged, the blood can flow backwards and collect in the vein, eventually causing it to be swollen and enlarged (varicose).

Certain things can increase your chances of developing varicose veins, such as:

being female

having a close family member with varicose veins

being older

being overweight

having a job that involves long periods of standing

being pregnant

other conditions

COMPLICATIONS

Half of the people who have surgical stripping get varicose veins again within five years, and varicose veins can happen again after endovenous ablation as well.

Potential side effects of

Scarring.

Skin burns.

Infection.

Injury to a nerve.

Deep vein thrombosis (a blood clot in a vein deep inside your body).

Sclerotherapy can cause –

Redness or bruising for a few days where a needle went into your skin.

Brown areas (for several months) on skin where the needle touched.

Lumps or hardness for a few months.

With sclerotherapy, new varicose veins can happen and need treatment.

HOMOEOPATHIC TREATMENT

Along with an individualised case analysis and evaluation homoeopathy treatment takes into consideration a patient’s physical,general and mental emotional make-up.Most importantly are his social/familial/professional and personal dynamics with respect to his environment.Based on this the most accurate Homoeopathic similimum is chosen for the patient.The right approach and remedy will not only give a permanent cure but will also prevent future complications.

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drdeepalibhakare · 2 years

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RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

INTRODUCTION:

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

RA symptoms affect joints in the hands, wrists, and knees, but can also affect tissues and organs throughout the body including the lungs, heart, and eyes.

pain or aching in more than one joint

stiffness in more than one joint

tenderness and swelling in more than one joint

the same joint symptoms on both sides of the body

loss of joint function and deformities

fatigue

low-grade fever

loss of appetite

weakness

Symptoms can vary from mild to severe and It’s important not to ignore your symptoms, even if they come and go. Knowing the early signs of RA will help you and your healthcare provider better treat and manage it.

RISK FACTORS:

Age. The onset of RA is highest trusted source among adults in their 50s. Risk continues to increase with age for people assigned male at birth and also often occurs in people assigned female at birth during their child-bearing years.

Sex. People assigned female at birth are two to three times more likely to develop RA than people assigned male at birth.

Genetics. People born with certain genes, called HLA class II genotypes, are more likely to develop RA and the risk of RA may be highest when people with these genes have obesity or are exposed to environmental factors like smoking.

History of live births. People with ovaries who have never given birth may be at a greater risk of developing RA than those who have given birth.

Early life exposure. According to the Centre for disease control and prevention, children whose mothers smoked have double the risk of developing RA as adults.

Smoking. studies show that people who smoke cigarettes are at an increased risk of developing RA.

Obesity. Having obesity can increase the risk of developing RA.

Diet. High consumption of sodium, sugar (especially fructose), red meat, and iron is associated with an increased risk of developing RA.

DIAGNOSIS OF RHEUMATISM/ARTHRITIS

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION

looking for swelling and redness

examining joint function and range of motion

touching the affected joints to check for warmth and tenderness

examining for skin nodules

testing your reflexes and muscle strength

INVESTIGATIONS:

Xray,ultrasound and Blood tests

Rheumatoid Factor test

Anticitrullinated peptide antibody test (anti-CCP)

Antinuclear antibody test.

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

C-reactive protein test.

HOMOEOPATHIC TREATMENT FOR RHEUMATISM/ARTHRITIS:

homeopathic medicine can help to control the progress and reduce the symptoms regarding joint pain and bone deformities.It focuses on the present ,persistent and predominant symptoms along with the causation ,certain emotional factors,predisposing factors etc to analyse and evaluate the case.Once a totality is formed then a carefully thought medicine is selcted which is most similiar to the case.Relief in pain ,swelling and inflammation is expected within first 2/3 weeks of treatment thereby reducing the frequency of flare episodes.Over a period of time the patient continues to enjoy a good quality of life.

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drdeepalibhakare · 2 years

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MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

INTRODUCTION:

Cerebral(multiple) Sclerosis is the most common demyelinating immune-mediated disorder affectinf the central nervous system.The myelin covers in the brain cells and spinal cord are damaged,thereby the ability of parts of the nervous system to transmit signals, resulting in a range of signs and symptoms, including physical, mental, and sometimes psychiatric problems is disrupted.

CAUSES OF CEREBRAL(MULTIPLE)SCLEROSIS:

Autoimmune disorders

Infectious agents, such as viruses

Environmental factors (vitamin deﬁciencies, smoking)

Genetic factors

MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS TYPES:

relapsing remitting MS (RRMS)

primary progressive MS (PPMS)

secondary progressive MS (SPMS)

progressive relapsing MS (PRMS)

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF CEREBRAL(MULTIPLE)SCLEROSIS:

Blurred or double vision

Pain and loss of vision because of swelling of the optic nerve (optic neuritis)

Trouble walking

An abnormal feeling or pain, such as numbness, prickling, or pins and needles (paresthesia)

Muscle weakness in the arms and legs

Trouble with coordination.

Dizziness, balance changes, paralysis.Spasticity.

The involuntary increased tone of muscles leading to stiffness and spasms.

Fatigue. This may be brought on by physical activity, but it may ease with rest.

You may have constant tiredness that doesn’t go away

Loss of sensation

Speech problems

Tremor

Hearing loss

Bowel and bladder problems

Depression and changes in sexual function

DIAGNOSIS:

MRI

Cerebrospinal fluid analysis

Blood tests

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS:RHEUMATISM/ARTHRITIS:

In Cerebral(multiple) sclerosis the immune system attacks the CNS(Central nervous system),whereas in Rheumatoid Arthritis it attacks the cartilages in the joints.

The T-cells drive the inflammatory cytokine cascade leading to erosive joint destruction in RA and demyelination in Cerebral(multiple) sclerosis.

RA can be diagnosed through physical findings,blood tests and x-ray,MRI whereas Cerebral(multiple )sclerosis is diagnosed spinal tap(lumbar puncture) and blood findings and evoked potential tets.

HOMOEOPATHIC TREATMENT FOR CEREBRAL(MULTIPLE)SCLEROSIS:

COMMON HOMOEOPATHIC REMEDIES FOR MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

Causticum

Gelsemium

Oxalic acid

Phosphorus

Natrum muriaticum

Conium maculatum

Plumbum metallicum

Zincum metallicum

Cuprum metallicum

Syphilinum

Cicuta virosa

Homoeopathy medicines are selected based on the causation,sensations ,physical and emotional parameters after a complete analysis and evaluation of the case.

There are many well proven remedies which have proved effective in treating multiple sclerosis thereby providing a lasting relief and improving the quality of life.

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drdeepalibhakare · 2 years

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MACULAR DEGENERATION

What is macular degeneration? AMD also called as(ARMD) occurs when cells in the macula – the central area of the retina – degenerate. Damage to the macula affects your central vision which is needed for reading, writing, driving, recognising people’s faces and doing other fine tasks. The damage occurs at the level of the layer of cells within the retina called the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).

Who develops AMD?

AMD only develops in older people (there are other rare types of macular degeneration which occur in younger people). AMD is the most common cause of severe sight problems (visual impairment) in the developed world. It is more common with increasing age.

It usually begins in one eye. About 5 in 100 people aged over 65 and about 12 in 100 people aged over 80 have AMD severe enough to cause serious visual impairment. Women are more likely than men to develop AMD. People of Caucasian ethnicity are more likely to develop AMD than those of African or Asian ethnicity. It is also more common in those who smoke, those who are overweight and those with cardiovascular disease.

Wet macular degeneration

Wet AMD may also be called neovascular or exudative AMD. It occurs in about 1 in 10 cases. In wet AMD, in addition to the retinal pigment cells degenerating, fragile new blood vessels grow from the tiny blood vessels in the choroid into the macular part of the retina. These vessels tend to leak blood and fluid. This can damage the rods and cones and cause scarring in the macula, causing further vision loss. Wet AMD can cause distortion of your central vision, and causes severe visual loss over quite a short time – sometimes weeks or months. Very occasionally, if there is a bleed (haemorrhage), this visual loss can occur suddenly, within hours or days.

If you develop wet AMD (see below) in one eye the risk of developing wet AMD in the second eye is about 1 in 4.

Various systems exist to classify AMD. Both wet and dry AMD can be classified as early, intermediate or advanced, according to the degree of damage to the macula. 6 of every 10 cases of intermediate/advanced AMD are due to wet AMD. You may also see wet and dry AMD classified as early or late, and wet AMD as active or inactive.

Causes of macular degeneration:

In people with AMD the cells of the RPE stop working work so well with advancing age. They gradually fail to take enough nutrients to the rods and cones and do not clear waste materials and byproducts. As a result, tiny abnormal deposits called drusen develop under the retina. In time, the retinal pigment cells and their nearby rods and cones degenerate, stop working and die. This is the dry type of AMD.

In wet AMD, new blood vessels grow into the layers of the retina from the choroid. The reason why this happens in some cases of AMD is not known, although waste products or shortage of oxygen may be involved.

Certain risk factors increase the risk of developing AMD. These include:

Smoking tobacco. High blood pressure. A family history of AMD. (AMD is not a straightforward hereditary condition. However, your risk of developing AMD is increased if it occurs in other family members.) Sunlight. Laboratory studies suggest that the retina is damaged by sunlight rays (UVA and UVB rays). Being very overweight. Poor diet. AMD is more common in people from white (Caucasian) racial backgrounds than from other racial groups.

Symptoms of macular degeneration

Early symptoms AMD is painless. Symptoms of dry AMD tend to take 5-10 years to become severe. However, severe visual loss due to wet AMD can develop more quickly.

If macular degeneration develops in one eye only, you may not be aware of it until it’s quite advanced, as the other eye will still see the things you are looking at with your central vision. When both eyes are affected you are more likely to notice symptoms.

The main early symptom is worsening of central vision despite using your usual glasses. In the early stages of the condition you may notice that you need brighter light to read by. Words in a book or newspaper may become blurred. Colours may appear less bright and you may have difficulty recognising faces and facial expressions.

Later symptoms As the condition worsens, a ‘blind spot’ then develops in the middle of your visual field. This is not always initially noticeable. However, it tends to become larger over time as more and more rods and cones degenerate in the macula.

One early symptom of wet AMD is visual distortion. Typically, straight lines appear wavy or crooked. For example, the lines on a piece of graph paper, or the lines between tiles in a bathroom.

Visual hallucinations (also called Charles Bonnet syndrome) can occur if you have severe macular degeneration. People see different images, from simple patterns to more detailed pictures – often they see complicated images of children or animals. The experience can be upsetting but is less frightening if you are aware that it can happen in AMD. Importantly, it does not mean you are developing a serious mental illness. If you do develop visual hallucinations they typically improve by 18 months.

Peripheral vision is not affected with AMD and so it does not cause total loss of vision.

Always see a doctor or optometrist promptly if you develop visual loss or visual distortion.

Older people should in any case have regular eye checks to check each eye separately for early AMD (and to check for other eye conditions such as glaucoma).

Tests for macular degeneration If you develop symptoms suggestive of macular degeneration, your doctor or optician (optometrist) will refer you to an eye specialist (ophthalmologist). This should be done urgently, in case you have wet AMD (which can worsen rapidly but which can be treated).

The ophthalmologist may ask you to look at a special piece of paper with horizontal and vertical lines to check your visual fields. If you find that any section of the lines is missing or distorted then it is a possible cause of the visual problem. The ophthalmologist will examine the back of your eye with a slit-lamp microscope. Digital photographs can be taken of the retinae. The ophthalmologist will look for the typical changes that occur with dry and wet AMD.

Another test called ocular coherence tomography is becoming more commonly used. This is a non-invasive test that uses special light rays to scan the retina. It can give very detailed information about the macula and can show if it is abnormal. This test is useful when there is doubt about whether AMD is the wet or dry form, and to monitor treatment.

Diagnosis of wet AMD is further tested for fluorescein angiography. A dye is injected into a vein in your arm and then, by looking into your eyes with a magnifier the ophthalmologist can see where any dye leaks into the macula from the abnormal leaky blood vessels. This can give an indication of the severity of the condition.

Macular degeneration treatment:

Whether or not there is a treatment that can prevent progression, or even reverse your condition, it is important to maximise the sight you do have.

Stopping smoking and protecting the eyes from the sun’s rays by wearing sunglasses are important in slowing progression of the condition.

A healthy balanced diet rich in antioxidants can be beneficial, as may the addition of dietary supplements.

Homoeopathic Management and Treatment:AMD

The psychodynamics of eye complaints tells us certain vital things about the patients personality in a nutshell

we can see the patients non adaptibility to change and see new things.

It could also be related with disgust or anger towards certain person/people whom you dont want to see eye to eye.

Along with this a repulsive mood and irritability.I can still recall one of my patient who has her vision completely restored by Homoeopathy.you can refer to her testimonial in the related section.

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drdeepalibhakare · 2 years

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MELANIN DISEASE

Though every human has the same number of melanocytes,the genetic predisposition makes them produce either little or too much of melanin,this is the reason why some look light eyed,hair and skin while others are too dark skinned and haired.

Predisposing factors responsible for Melanin Disease:

REACTION TO SUN EXPOSURE:

When you’re in the sun, your body makes more melanin and actually it may help protect the body from harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays.

But it isn’t enough to keep you safe from the sun. Your skin is already damaged if you’re sunburned or your skin has turned slightly darker. That’s why it’s important to always cover up and wear sunscreen.

TYPES OF MELANIN:

Eumelanin is responsible for dark colors in hair, eyes, and skin. There are two types of eumelanin: brown and black. Black and brown hair come from different mixes of black and brown eumelanin. Blonde hair happens when there’s a small amount of brown eumelanin and no black eumelanin.

Pheomelanin colors the pinkish parts of your body like the lips and nipples. You get red hair when you have the same amount of pheomelanin and eumelanin. Strawberry blonde hair happens when you have brown eumelanin and pheomelanin.

Neuromelanin Controls the colors of neurons. It isn’t involved with the coloring of things you see.

Types of melanin pigment disease disorders:

Vitiligo:smooth white patches on skin due to lack of melanocytes

Melasma:brownish patches on skin due to hormonal imbalance,birth control pills or sun exposure.

Albinism:white hair,skin,eyes with vision problems due to very little production of melanocytes.There is no cure for this rare disease.

HOMOEOPATHIC TREATMENT:

Homoeopathy has been proved very efficacious in the treatment of various pigmentation disorders especially vitiligo,melasma,leucoderma with no recurrence.Homoeopathic medicines are carefully selected after a proper individualised case analysis and evaluation based on the patient’s personal/professional and social relations in the environment.

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drdeepalibhakare · 2 years

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PARKINSON'S DISEASE

INTRODUCTION:

Parkinsonism or parkinson’s disease is a neurological disorder that causes unintended or uncontrollable movements, such as shaking, stiffness, and difficulty with balance and coordination.It is a degenerative disease which impairs the motor skills and speech of the patient.

Symptoms usually begin gradually and worsen over time. As the disease progresses, people may have difficulty walking and talking. They may also have mental and behavioral changes, sleep problems, depression, memory difficulties, and fatigue.

EPIDEMOLOGY:

Most people with Parkinson’s first develop the disease after age 60, about 5% to 10% experience onset before the age of 50. Early-onset forms of Parkinson’s are often, but not always, inherited, and some forms have been linked to specific alterations in genes.

CAUSES OF PARKINSONISM:

People with Parkinson’s disease also lose the nerve endings that produce norepinephrine, the main chemical messenger of the sympathetic nervous system, which controls many functions of the body, such as heart rate and blood pressure. The loss of norepinephrine might help explain some of the non-movement features of Parkinson’s, such as fatigue, irregular blood pressure, decreased movement of food through the digestive tract, and sudden drop in blood pressure when a person stands up from a sitting or lying position.

SYMPTOMS OF PARKINSONISM:

Parkinson’s has four main symptoms:

Muscle stiffness, where muscle remains contracted for a long time

Slowness of movement

Impaired balance and coordination, sometimes leading to falls

Other symptoms may include:

Depression and other emotional changes

Difficulty swallowing, chewing, and speaking

Urinary problems or constipation

skin problems

The symptoms of Parkinson’s and the rate of progression differ among individuals. Early symptoms of this disease are subtle and occur gradually. For example, people may feel mild tremors or have difficulty getting out of a chair. They may notice that they speak too softly, or that their handwriting is slow and looks cramped or small. Friends or family members may be the first to notice changes in someone with early Parkinson’s. They may see that the person’s face lacks expression and animation, or that the person does not move an arm or leg normally.

People with Parkinson’s disease often develop a parkinsonian gait that includes a tendency to lean forward; take small, quick steps; and reduce swinging their arms. They also may have trouble initiating or continuing movement.

Symptoms often begin on one side of the body or even in one limb on one side of the body. As the disease progresses, it eventually affects both sides. However, the symptoms may still be more severe on one side than on the other.

Many people with Parkinson’s disease note that prior to experiencing stiffness and tremor, they had sleep problems, constipation, loss of smell, and restless legs. While some of these symptoms may also occur with normal aging, talk with your doctor if these symptoms worsen or begin to interfere with daily living.

CHANGES IN COGNITION:

Some people with Parkinson’s may experience changes in their cognitive function, including problems with memory, attention, and the ability to plan and accomplish tasks. Stress, depression, and some medications may also contribute to these changes in cognition.

Over time, as the disease progresses, some people may develop dementia and be diagnosed with Parkinson’s dementia, a type of Lewy body dementia.. People with Parkinson’s dementia may have severe memory and thinking problems that affect daily living.

DIAGNOSIS OF PARKINSONISM

There are currently no blood or laboratory tests to diagnose non-genetic cases of Parkinson’s. Doctors usually diagnose the disease by taking a person’s medical history and performing a neurological examination. If symptoms improve after starting to take medication, it’s another indicator that the person has Parkinson’s.

A number of disorders can cause symptoms similar to those of Parkinson’s disease. People with Parkinson’s-like symptoms that result from other causes, such as multiple system atrophy and dementia with Lewy bodies, are sometimes said to have parkinsonism. While these disorders initially may be misdiagnosed as Parkinson’s, certain medical tests, as well as response to drug treatment, may help to better evaluate the cause. Many other diseases have similar features but require different treatments, so it is important to get an accurate diagnosis as soon as possible.

TREATMENTS:

Although there is no cure for Parkinson’s disease, medicines, surgical treatment, and other therapies can often relieve some symptoms.

MEDICINES FOR PARKINSON’S DISEASE:

Medicines can help treat the symptoms of Parkinson’s by:

Increasing the level of dopamine in the brain

Having an effect on other brain chemicals, such as neurotransmitters, which transfer information between brain cells

Helping control non-movement symptoms

HOMOEOPATHIC MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT:

understanding the psychodynamics of Parkinson’s Disease,there is a strong desire to control everything and everyone involving the patient’s environment.Homoeopathy takes into consideration all these mental,emotional and intellectual attributes of the patient along with his family realtionship,work relationship dynamics.This inturn helps to make a good totality of the case based on which a most accurate similimum(remedy) is given.

Homoeopathy is known to fully control and improve the quality of life in such patients.

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drdeepalibhakare · 2 years

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ULCERATIVE COLITIS

Ulcerative Colitis is a chronic condition that causes inflammation and ulcers in the colon and rectum.The main symptom is blood and mucus mixed diarrhoea with abdominal pain,discomfort and a sense of urgency thereby resulting in weight loss,fatigue,anemia.The symptoms severity varies from person to person.The exact cause is not known but certain immune,genetic and environmental triggers are responsible.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:

Stomach pain and cramping

Rectal pain

Joint pain

Frequent loose bowels

Rectal bleeding

Constipation

Sudden loss of weight

Fatigue

Fever

CAUSES:

food habits

stress

poor immune system

family history

COMPLICATIONS:

Extreme bleeding

Punctured colon

Extreme dehydration

Inflammation of your skin, joints and eyes

Risk of colon cancer

High chance of blood clumps in veins and arteries

DIAGNOSIS OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS:

Ulcerative colitis can be diagnosed by colonoscopy, which shows the extent and pattern of inflammation and ulcers. Other tests may include blood tests, stool tests, and imaging studies.

NUTRITION:

Foods to eat-

Low fiber foods like potatoes, white rice and refined pasta

Dairy products like yogurt milk, and cottage cheese

Foods rich in omega 3 fatty acids like walnuts, salmon and mackerel

Foods to avoid-

Caffeine laden Food like tea and coffee

Alcoholic drinks

Carbonated drinks

Foods rich in fiber dried beans, fruits, whole grains, berries, peas, and legumes

Foods rich in sulfur or sulfites wheat pasta, breads, peanuts, raisins, and cured meats.

TREATMENT OPTIONS:

CONVENTIONAL MEDICINE DOES NOT HAVE A PERMANANT CURE.Ulcerative colitis has no cure, but treatments can help manage symptoms and prevent complications. These include medications, dietary changes, and surgery in some cases.

HOMOEOPATHY TREATMENT OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS:

Homoeopathy treatment takes into consideration the complete physical,mental and emotional picture of the patient.It aims at having a complete individualistic approach to the case with respect to the patient’s environmental factors(personal/professional and social).

Once this totality is erected a well selected remedy called ”the similimum” is administered thus ensuring lasting results in Ulcerative Colitis.

With proper case analysis and evaluation and an individualistic approach the frequency of episodes improve drastically with improvement in stools devoid of any mucus and blood discharges.

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drdeepalibhakare · 2 years

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BEHAVIOURAL/LEARNING DISABILITY:AUTISM

What Is Autism?

People with autism have trouble with communication. They have trouble understanding what other people think and feel. This makes it hard for them to express themselves, either with words or through gestures, facial expressions, and touch.

People with autism might have problems with learning. Their skills might develop unevenly. For example, they could have trouble communicating but be unusually good at art, music, math, or memory. Because of this, they might do especially well on tests of analysis or problem-solving.

Signs and symptoms:

Symptoms start showing from the age of 3

A lack of eye contact

A narrow range of interests or intense interest in certain topics

Doing something over and over, like repeating words or phrases, rocking back and forth, or flipping a lever

High sensitivity to sounds, touches, smells, or sights that seem ordinary to other people

Not looking at or listening to other people

Not looking at things when another person points at them.Not wanting to be held or cuddled.Problems understanding or using speech, gestures, facial expressions, or tone of voice.Talking in a sing-song, flat, or robotic voice.Trouble adapting to changes in routine.Some children with autism may also have seizures. These might not start until adolescence.

Types of ASD:

Asperger’s syndrome. These children don’t have a problem with language; in fact, they tend to score in the average or above-average range on intelligence tests. But they have social problems and a narrow scope of interests.

Autistic disorder. This is what most people think of when they hear the word “autism.” It refers to problems with social interactions, communication, and play in children younger than 3 years.

Childhood disintegrative disorder. These children have typical development for at least 2 years and then lose some or most of their communication and social skills.

Pervasive developmental disorder (PDD or atypical autism). Your doctor might use this term if your child has some autistic behavior, like delays in social and communications skills, but doesn’t fit into another category.

Causes of Autism:

It could stem from problems in parts of your brain that interpret sensory input and process language.

Autism is four times more common in boys than in girls. It can happen in people of any race, ethnicity, or social background. Family income, lifestyle, or educational level doesn’t affect a child’s risk of autism. But there are some risk factors:

Autism runs in families, so certain combinations of genes may increase a child’s risk.

A child with an older parent has a higher risk of autism.

Pregnant women who are exposed to certain drugs or chemicals, like alcohol or anti-seizure medications, are more likely to have autistic children.

Other risk factors include maternal metabolic conditions such as diabetes and obesity. Research has also linked autism to untreated phenylketonuria (also called PKU, a metabolic disorder caused by the absence of an enzyme) and rubella (German measles).

Diagnosis:

It is difficult to arrive at a definite diagnosis,but through behaviour and development of a child we can draw some conclusions:

2 steps to understand the diagnosis

A screening test is done to understand the child’s learning,speaking,behaviour and movement.Any developmental delays can be found at the child’s checkup’s at 9months,18months,24months,30months.

If your child shows any abnormalities during these screenings,they may require further evaluation on vision tests,hearing tests and genetic tests.

Homoeopathic Management and Treatment of Autism:

early treatment can make a big difference in development for a child with autism.

Behavioural and communication therapy helps in structure and organisation

Occupational therapy can help with life skills like dressing, eating, and relating to people.

Sensory integration therapy might help someone who has problems with being touched or with sights or sounds. Speech therapy improves communication skill

Homeopathic medicines act at the neuro developmental levels and are safe for kids. within few weeks to a few months, positive changes are seen at the level of speech, languages and cognition. Social skills start to develop gradually as the treatment progresses, thus making kids independent, communicative and ready for schooling. Clinical experience and result over the years suggest that homeopathy is believed to bring about positive changes at epigenetic levels.

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drdeepalibhakare · 2 years

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THYROID DISORDERS

Affections of the thyroid gland, a butterfly-shaped gland in the front of the neck has an important role to regulate numerous metabolic processes throughout the body. Different types of disorders affect either its structure or function.

It is located below Adam’s apple wrapped around the trachea (windpipe) and a thin area of tissue in the gland’s middle, known as the isthmus, joins the two thyroid lobes on each side. It uses iodine to produce vital hormones,Thyroxine, also known as T4, is the primary hormone produced by the gland. After delivery via the bloodstream to the body’s tissues, a small portion of the T4 released from the gland is converted to triiodothyronine (T3), which is the most active hormone.

The function of the gland is regulated by a feedback mechanism involving the brain. When thyroid hormone levels are low, the hypothalamus in the brain produces a hormone known as thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) that causes the pituitary gland (located at the base of the brain) to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). TSH stimulates the gland to release more T4.

Since the gland is controlled by the pituitary gland and hypothalamus, disorders of these tissues can also affect thyroid function and problems.

What are the specific kinds of thyroid disorders?

Hyperthroidism

Goiter

Throid Nodules

Thyroid Cancer

Inadequate functioning of the gland produces too little thyroid hormone(hypothyroidism),an autoimmune condition known as Hashimoto’s disease or Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is a common cause of hypothyroidism. Other causes can include the use of certain medications, side effects of treatments for thyroid cancer or hyperthyroidism, or radiation therapy to the head and neck.

Symptoms and signs of hypothyroidism

Mental fogginess or sluggishness

Depressed mood

Excessive or prolonged menstrual bleeding

Fluid retention, feeling bloated, puffiness in the face

Joint aches and pains

weight gain

High cholesterol levels

Feeling cold, or increased sensitivity to cold temperatures

dry skin

constipation

FatigueMemory problems

Thinning of hair or hair loss

Slowed heart rate

Hyperthyroidism can be caused by a condition known as Graves’ disease, inflammation of the gland (known as thyroiditis), or tumors that secrete thyroid hormones.

Symptoms and signs of hyperthyroidism

Nervousness, tremor,aggitation

Irritability

Poor concentration

Reduced menstrual blood flow in women

Racing heartbeat or palpitations

Heat intolerance

Changes in bowel habits, such as more frequent bowel movements

Enlargement of the gland

Skin thinning

Brittle hair

Increase in appetite,

feeling hungry

Sweating

Thyroid nodule or cancer symptoms and signs

Nodules or lumps in the gland are benign (non-cancerous) in over 90% of cases. nodules can form because of some of the conditions listed previously and lead to hyper- or hypothyroidism, for example:

Hashimoto’s thyroiditisIodine deficiency can also cause enlargement of the thyroid gland and nodules.

Cysts in the thyroid gland can also cause lumps or nodules.

A small number of nodules are the result of thyroid cancer.

Most nodules do not cause symptoms, and most do not produce thyroid hormone.

Sometimes, nodules actively produce hormones and can cause the symptoms of hyperthyroidism described previously.

When nodules cause symptoms unrelated to the production of hormones, typically it is due to their size or location in the neck.

Examples of these symptoms and signs include:

Difficulty swallowing

Shortness of breath, due to compression of the airways

Visible swelling or lump in the neck

Homoeopathic Management &Treatment:

The psychodynamics of Thyroid :

Hatred/feeling like a victim/humiliation.

feels like never get to do what I want.plans feel thwarted.

After taking into consideration these emotions a Homoeopath tries to ascertain and delves into depths of case taking with the patient with respect to his environment at home,work and social contacts.

Together with the past and family history a totality is formed and treated.

Homoeopathy provides a complete and permanent solution to Thyroid problems with no recurrence or return of disease.

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drdeepalibhakare · 2 years

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ALOPECIA

INTRODUCTION:

Hair loss (alopecia) is a typical condition that affects not just your scalp or your entire body, but can be temporary or permanent. It can be the result of certain heredity, hormonal changes, medical conditions or a normal part of aging therefore hairloss can occur both in men and women.

Baldness (alopecia)typically refers to excessive hair loss from your scalp and hereditary hair loss with age is the most common cause of baldness thats why some people prefer to let their hair loss run its course untreated and unhidden. Others may cover it up with hairstyles, makeup, hats or scarves and still others choose one of the treatments available to prevent further hair loss or restore growth.

Risk factors for hairloss(alopecia)

A number of factors can increase your risk of hair loss, including:

A family history of balding on your mother’s or father’s side

Age

Significant weight loss

Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes and lupus

Stress

Poor nutrition

Causes of hairloss(alopecia)

People typically lose 50 to 100 hairs a day. This usually isn’t noticeable because new hair is growing in at the same time. Hair loss occurs when new hair doesn’t replace the hair that has fallen out.

Hair loss is typically related to one or more of the following factors:

Family history (heredity). The most common cause of hair loss is a hereditary condition that happens with aging. This condition is called androgenic alopecia, male-pattern baldness and female-pattern baldness.A receding hairline and bald spots in men and thinning hair along the crown of the scalp in women.

Hormone changes and medical conditions. A variety of conditions can cause permanent or temporary hair loss, including hormonal changes due to pregnancy, childbirth, menopause and thyroid problems. Medical conditions include alopecia areata causes patchy hair loss, scalp infections such as ringworm, and a hair-pulling disorder called trichotillomania.

Medications and supplements. Hair loss can be a side effect of certain drugs, such as those used for cancer,radiation therapy, arthritis, depression, heart problems, gout and high blood pressure.

Stressors. Many people experience a general thinning of hair several months after a physical or emotional shock. This type of hair loss is temporary.

SYMPTOMS:

Signs and symptoms of hair loss(alopecia)

Hair Thinning. This is the most common type of hair loss, affecting people as they age. In men, hair often begins to recede at the hairline on the forehead. Women typically have a broadening of the part in their hair. A very common hair loss pattern in older women is a receding hairline (frontal fibrosing alopecia).

Circular or patchy bald spots. Some people lose hair in circular or patchy bald spots on the scalp, beard or eyebrows. Your skin may become itchy or painful before the hair falls out.

Sudden loosening of hair. A physical or emotional shock can cause hair to loosen. Handfuls of hair may come out when combing or washing your hair or even after gentle tugging. This type of hair loss usually causes overall hair thinning but is temporary.

Full-body hair loss. Some conditions and medical treatments, such as chemotherapy for cancer, can result in the loss of hair all over your body. The hair usually grows back.

Patches of scaling that spread over the scalp. This is a sign of ringworm. It may be accompanied by broken hair, redness, swelling and, at times, oozing.

HOMOEOPATHIC MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT OF HAIRLOSS(ALOPECIA)

TIPS.

Be gentle with your hair.

Use a wide toothed comb to detangle your hair.

Avoid harsh chemical treatments,hair coloring,straitening,bonding,re-bonding of hair.when out in the sun tie your hair and cover with scarves.

Treatment of hairloss(alopecia)

Homoeopathy has the most promising results in hairfall/hairloss.,because Homoeopathy does not look only at the symptom of hairloss but the reason (the why) behind that hairloss.It takes into consideration the complete physical,mental,emotional factors that were responsible behind that hairloss.

After a complete assessment of the patient an individualised treatment plan is charted for the patient.Marked improvement is seen as early as 2/3 weeks.99.09% patients are fully satisfied with Homoeopathy treatment when they receive their lost glory with a smile on their face.

There are a number of proven Homoeopathic Medicines which help in restoring hairfall.Only a Homoeopathic Physician can help you understand and give the right treatment.

INTRODUCTION:

Risk factors for hairloss(alopecia)

A number of factors can increase your risk of hair loss, including:

A family history of balding on your mother’s or father’s side

Age

Significant weight loss

Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes and lupus

Stress

Poor nutrition

Causes of hairloss(alopecia)

Hair loss is typically related to one or more of the following factors:

Medications and supplements. Hair loss can be a side effect of certain drugs, such as those used for cancer,radiation therapy, arthritis, depression, heart problems, gout and high blood pressure.

Stressors. Many people experience a general thinning of hair several months after a physical or emotional shock. This type of hair loss is temporary.

SYMPTOMS:

Signs and symptoms of hair loss(alopecia)

Circular or patchy bald spots. Some people lose hair in circular or patchy bald spots on the scalp, beard or eyebrows. Your skin may become itchy or painful before the hair falls out.

Full-body hair loss. Some conditions and medical treatments, such as chemotherapy for cancer, can result in the loss of hair all over your body. The hair usually grows back.

Patches of scaling that spread over the scalp. This is a sign of ringworm. It may be accompanied by broken hair, redness, swelling and, at times, oozing.

HOMOEOPATHIC MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT OF HAIRLOSS(ALOPECIA)

TIPS.

Be gentle with your hair.

Use a wide toothed comb to detangle your hair.

Avoid harsh chemical treatments,hair coloring,straitening,bonding,re-bonding of hair.when out in the sun tie your hair and cover with scarves.

Treatment of hairloss(alopecia)

INTRODUCTION:

Risk factors for hairloss(alopecia)

A number of factors can increase your risk of hair loss, including:

A family history of balding on your mother’s or father’s side

Age

Significant weight loss

Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes and lupus

Stress

Poor nutrition

Causes of hairloss(alopecia)

Hair loss is typically related to one or more of the following factors:

Medications and supplements. Hair loss can be a side effect of certain drugs, such as those used for cancer,radiation therapy, arthritis, depression, heart problems, gout and high blood pressure.

Stressors. Many people experience a general thinning of hair several months after a physical or emotional shock. This type of hair loss is temporary.

SYMPTOMS:

Signs and symptoms of hair loss(alopecia)

Circular or patchy bald spots. Some people lose hair in circular or patchy bald spots on the scalp, beard or eyebrows. Your skin may become itchy or painful before the hair falls out.

Full-body hair loss. Some conditions and medical treatments, such as chemotherapy for cancer, can result in the loss of hair all over your body. The hair usually grows back.

Patches of scaling that spread over the scalp. This is a sign of ringworm. It may be accompanied by broken hair, redness, swelling and, at times, oozing.

HOMOEOPATHIC MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT OF HAIRLOSS(ALOPECIA)

TIPS.

Be gentle with your hair.

Use a wide toothed comb to detangle your hair.

Avoid harsh chemical treatments,hair coloring,straitening,bonding,re-bonding of hair.when out in the sun tie your hair and cover with scarves.

Treatment of hairloss(alopecia)

There are a number of proven Homoeopathic Medicines which help in restoring hairfall.Only a Homoeopathic Physician can help you understand and give the right treatment.

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drdeepalibhakare · 2 years

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ATOPIC DERMATITIS/ECZEMA

This chronic disorder associated with pruritus usually starts in infancy and presents with dry skin, eczematous lesions and lichenification. It is believed that Atopic Dermatitis(AD) is associated with other IgE associated disorders like allergic rhinitis, asthma and food allergies.It has significant morbidity and it appears that the prevalence of the disorder has been increasing over the past few decades.

Etiology of Atopic Dermatitis/Eczema:

Patients with the atopic triad have a defective barrier of the skin, upper respiratory, and lower respiratory tract. If one parent is atopic, there is more than a 50% chance that their offspring will develop atopic symptoms and If both parents are affected, up to 80% of offspring will be affected. Genetic alterations include loss of function mutations of filaggrin,an epidermal protein that is broken down into natural moisturization factor. Filaggrin mutations are present in up to 30% of atopic dermatitis patients and may also predispose patients to ichthyosis vulgaris, allergic rhinitis, and keratosis pilaris. Ninety percent of such flares are caused by eggs, milk, peanuts, soy, and wheat. Atopic dermatitis has a higher incidence at higher latitudes, which may be related to decreased sun exposure and lower humidity levels.

Atopic dermatitis/Eczema is divided into three subsets based on the age of onset:

Early-onset atopic dermatitis (birth to 2 years old): is most common type of dermatitis, with approximately 60% of cases starting by age 1 and resolve by 12 years old. Late-onset atopic dermatitis: symptoms begin after the onset of puberty Senile onset atopic dermatitis: an unusual subset with onset in patients older than 60 years old.

Pathophysiology:

In AD, there is significant water loss across the epidermis and is believed that filaggrin, which is critical for epithelial integrity, may be dysfunctional.

History and Physical:

Onset and distribution of lesions The severity of pruritus (e.g., keeping patient awake at night) Family and/or personal history of the atopic triad Presence of contact allergens The presence of triggers including allergens (e.g., dust mites, animal dander), hot showers/sweating, soaps, fragrances, food hypersensitivities, and synthetic fabrics such as polyester. Classic physical exam findings depend on age group.

Infants:develop edematous papules and plaques that may have vesicles or crust on the scalp, face, and extensor extremities. Infants rarely have atopic dermatitis lesions affecting the diaper area but may be susceptible to other causes of diaper dermatitis such as candida or seborrheic dermatitis.

Children: classically have less exudative patches and plaques on antecubital and popliteal fossae; adults have chronic lichenified (enhanced skin markings) lesions that have a predilection for hands. Individual lesions may also be further classified into acute (edematous, erythematous papules and plaques and/or vesicles/crusting), subacute (erythema, scale, variable crusting), or chronic (thick plaques with lichenification and scale) stages.

Evaluation:

Atopic dermatitis/Eczema is typically a clinical diagnosis given the classic distribution of lesions in each age group and the presence of e.g., keratosis pilaris may facilitate diagnosis. A biopsy will show an eczematous pattern and in childhood cases that are recalcitrant to treatment, fluorescent enzyme immunoassays or skin prick testing can be performed to detect immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies against specific allergens.

Differential Diagnosis:

Allergic contact dermatitis Lichen simplex Lichen planus Psoriasis Scabies Tinea Seborrheic

Homeopathic Treatment and management:

The homeopathic medicines are selected after a full individualizing examination and case-analysis, which includes the medical history of the patient, physical and mental constitution, family history, presenting symptoms, underlying pathology, possible causative factors etc. A miasmatic tendency (predisposition/susceptibility) is also often taken into account for the treatment of chronic conditions. A homeopathy doctor tries to treat more than just the presenting symptoms. The focus is usually on what caused the disease condition? The correct homeopathy remedy tries to correct this disease predisposition and the focus is not on curing the disease but to cure the person who is sick, to restore the health. If a disease pathology is not very advanced, homeopathy remedies do give a hope for cure but even in incurable cases, the quality of life can be greatly improved with homeopathic medicines.

Psychodynamics of Atopic Dermatitis/Eczema:

It usually takes 4 weeks for new cells to replace the old and the primary function of skin is protection,regulation and sensation.whenever there is a conflict with our surrounding regarding separation,fear of being alone etc.,the skin(epidermis) will be attacked.

If there is any kind of rejection,feeling ashamed ,identity crisis,feeling like an outcaste where you are uncomfortable in your own skin the consequent layers start getting affected.

”Homoeopathy has a much deeper understanding in skin diseases and a very promising cure in such condition where even conventional treatment fails”

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drdeepalibhakare · 2 years

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SKIN LESIONS:ACNE

Definition:

Acne is derived from the word”Akme” which means the highest point.It is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous glands and is the most common dermatological condition in the adolescent age group,clinically characterized by seborrhoea,formation of comedones, erythematous papules, pustules, nodules, cysts and scars.

Epidemiology

Prevalence of Acne- Among Adolescents and Young Adults.The peak of severity in females is 16-17 yrs and in males 17-19 yr.It clears by age of 23 – 25 in 90% ofpatients.Some 5% of women and 1% of men still need treatment in their thirties or even forties.Acne not caused by – chocolate or fatty foods or infact by any kind of food.

Atieopathogenesis:

Increased sebum production (seborrhoea),

Pilosebaceous duct hypercornification (comedogenesis),

Colonization of the duct with P.acne,

Inflammation.

COMPOSITION OF SEBUM

Triglycerides – 60 %

Wax esters – 25 %

Squalene – 10 %

Others – 5 %

(Diglycerides, free fatty acids, free sterols and phospholipids).

Initial pathogenesis (reason unknown):

follicular hyperkeratinization

proliferation +

decreased desquamation of keratinocytes

hyperkeratotic plug

(microcomedone).

Pathogenesis of Acne

Increased Androgen, sebaceous glands and sebum production increases growth medium for P.acne.It provides anerobic lipid rich environment for bacteria to thrive thus resulting in inflammation.

Depending on conditions

Non-inflammatory

open/closed comedones

Inflammatory papule/

Factors Aggravating Acne

Occlusive Cosmetics/Hair

Halogenated Hydrocarbons

Heat/Humidity

Excessive/Vigorous Washing

Friction/Pressure

Manipulation of Lesions

Exogenous Medications (OCP, Lithium,

Topical Steroids, Oral Steroids, INH, etc)

Emotional Stress

Endocrine Abnormalities.

Types & Variants

Acne vulgaris

Cystic or acne conglobata

Neonatal acne

Pomade and cosmetic acne

Occupational acne (oils and tars)

Drug-induced acne.

GRADING OF ACNE

Grade I (Mild) – comedones only, fewer than 10 lesions on the face, no lesions on the trunk and no scarring

Grade II (Moderate) – comedones, papules, 10 to 25 lesions on the face and trunk, mild scarring

Grade III (Moderately severe) – Comedones, papules, pustules, more than 25 lesions, moderate scarring

Grade IV (severe) – Nodules, cysts, sinuses and extensive scarring.

Terms/Definitions

Microcomedone:

Therapy

Goals of therapy:

Relieving discomfort

Preventing pitting or scarring

Limiting psychosocial distress.

Patient Education

Good skin hygiene is a basic tenet in prevention.Twice-daily cleansing with warm water and a mild soap can effectively remove excess sebum and improve skin appearance.Aggressive skin washings will not alter the course and may actually aggravate by promoting the development of inflammatory lesions.Abrasive or antibacterial cleansers are not recommended, and squeezing or picking of lesions should be discouraged without the use of disinfectants.Drugs, cosmetics or other known precipitants also should be avoided.

HOMOEOPATHIC TREATMENT

Based on the patients age,Personal and Family History,His/Her dynamics at home,school,workplace a totality is formed with respect to his social,economical,physical and financial status.

Also understanding psychodynamics one can clearly see suppressed anger as the major cause of the disease pertaining to the different conflicts at various levels that the patient is undergoing.

Understanding this as a whole along with the personality of the patient,a Homoeopathic Physician can offer the best results with no re- occurrence ever.

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drdeepalibhakare · 2 years

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BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

INTRODUCTION:

Bronchial Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by recurrent attacks of breathlessness and wheezing. During an attack, the lining of the bronchial tubes (airways) swells, causing the airways to narrow, making it more vulnerable to irritants in the environment, and thus reducing the flow of air into and out of the lungs.

The risk factors for developing asthma include inhaling “triggers”, such as allergens pollens, tobacco smoke and chemical irritants. Several patients may also have allergic rhinitis which is characterized by sneezing and “runny” nose and tend to have their first symptoms by the age of ten years, and many children had their first attack before the age of six. Asthma cannot be cured by conventional medical system but homeopathy has an answer to it along with appropriate management one can control the disorder,shorten the episodes and enable people to enjoy a good quality of life.

Symptoms:

Bronchial Asthma symptoms can vary in severity with time, can come and go, there may be good and bad periods and is characterized by:

Recurrent episodes of wheezing Shortness of breath Chest tightness Coughing-sometimes cough may be the only symptom. Sputum may be produced from the lung due to coughing, small in volume and often in the form of threads and plugs. Symptoms are generally worse at night and in the early morning or in response to allergens.

When uncontrolled, there may be acute attacks often occurring after viral infections (flu, cold), allergen/irritant exposure (pets, pollen, dust, atmospheric pollution, tobacco smoke), exercise, weather changes, medications (aspirin). Danger signs of an acute attack are symptoms not improving after airway-opener inhaler medication, and difficulty in talking due to breathlessness, peak flow-meter readings ranging below 50% of normal value, and require urgent medical attention.

A number of other health conditions are found associated with bronchial asthma including:

Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) Rhinosinusitis Obstructive sleep apnea

Causes of bronchial asthma:

The exact cause of bronchial asthma is yet not known, but there are certain risk factors that are associated with and It is probably caused by interplay of hereditary and environmental factors.

Some of the factors include:

An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy. Children with eczema or food allergy are more likely than other children to develop asthma. Parents who have asthma (heredity). Allergens from dust, animal fur, cockroaches, mold, and pollens from trees, grasses, and flowers etc. Irritants such as cigarette smoke, air pollution, chemicals or dust in the workplace and sprays (such as hair spray). Medicines such as aspirin or other non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and nonselective beta-blockers. Sulfites in foods and drinks Viral upper respiratory infections, such as colds Physical activity, including exercise Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood.

Diagnosis of bronchial asthma:

Medical History:

About one’s medical history, including information about allergies, asthma, or other medical conditions. If one had heartburn or a sour taste in the mouth. These may be signs of gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD). If one had cold or an episode of flu-like symptoms. If one smokes or spends time around others who smoke.

Physical Examination & Investigations: To check for signs of problems related to cough. He or she will listen for wheezing (a whistling or squeaky sound when you breathe) or other abnormal sounds. Other tests may include:

Chest x ray takes a picture of heart and lungs. This test can help diagnose conditions such as pneumonia and lung cancer. Lung function tests: These are detailed tests that can measure how much air you can breathe in and out, how fast you can breathe air out, and how well your lungs deliver oxygen to your blood. Lung function tests can help diagnose and other conditions. Peak-flow-meter is a simple hand-held instrument that can be used by you to measure one aspect of lung function and monitor your asthma control. It helps in deciding if someone has asthma, determine how bad an attack as well as assess the degree of asthma control. An X- ray of the sinuses: This test can help diagnose a sinus infection.

Management:

Medications: Conventional Medicine Short courses of corticosteroid and other drugs (oral or injectable) may be required during acute attacks and are to be used after medical advice only.

Myths about Bronchial Asthma : A child with asthma will outgrow the disease: The disease would probably become milder and less symptomatic, although asthma is a chronic condition, there are excellent means to control this disorder. It is contagious disease: This is not true. patients should avoid “cold” food like milk, curd etc.: There are no food restrictions in asthma. However in case there is an identifiable food item that has been known to trigger asthma attack in a particular patient, this item must be avoided.

Homoeopathic Diagnosis of Bronchial Asthma:

The diagnosis of asthma is made on the basis of complete history, perceptible sign and symptoms, and proper laboratory investigations.

Family history and dynamics – according to pschodynamics understanding the patient’s environment is very vital in understanding his/her emotions.

Environmental factors – environmental factors like certain indoor allergens, animal dander, smoking (passive smoking) may act as a triggering factor for asthma

Occupational history – it is important to identify if the attack could have been caused by exposure to such agents which can cause or initiate attack at work, by inquiring about previous and current jobs or occupation,thereby knowing fully his/her emotional quotient.

Homeopathy Treatment for Bronchial Asthma:

Homeopathy treats the person as a whole. It means that homeopathic treatment focuses on the patient as a person, as well as his pathological condition. The homeopathic medicines are selected after a full individualizing examination and case-analysis, which includes the medical history of the patient, physical and mental constitution etc.That is why asthma is said to be a psychosomatic disease.

General Approach – Homeopathy is the only system of medicine which tries to ‘cure’ this disease, instead of trying to provide symptomatic relief. While dealing with a case of asthma, a homeopath not only records the symptoms of the disease but also studies the medical history, family history, physical and psychological characteristics of a person. This helps to find the cause, the precipitating factors, and the hereditary tendency etc. Of special interest to a homeopath is the history of suppression of skin disease.

Supprression Theory:

Homeopaths believe that when there is a tendency or predisposition for a disease – it first manifests on the less vital organs, towards the periphery (like skin). If this manifestation is suppressed than the disease shifts inwards, towards the more vital organs (like lungs, heart, brain etc).

Now after ascertaining the symptoms and the cause, the homeopath tries to find a medicine which matches the symptoms as well as the general characteristics of the person. The medicine so selected is administered to the patient.

It is often (not necessarily) observed by homeopaths that when a right medicine is given, the asthma disappears but the old eczema (if it was there originally) reappears for some time, before finally disappearing itself. This reappearance of old symptoms is seen as a reversal of disease process and is considered a very good prognostic sign by homeopaths.

For individualized remedy selection and treatment, the patient should consult a qualified Homoeopath.

Homeopathic Medicines for Asthma

Aconite, Kali Carb, Thuja, Natrum Sulph, Belladonna, Ipecac, Aspidosperma, Blatta O, Kali Bi, Kali Phos, Sulphur, Lycopodium, Lachesis, Arsenic Album, Bryonia, Antim Tart, Medorrhinum and many other medicine

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