How I make book covers + tips for you!
Hey people of Earth!
Around this time last year, I mentioned I would have a video up on how I make book covers/cover making tips, and to summarize: I did not do the thing, and this year old script is still sitting in my drafts.
SO, I thought Iâd kill two birds with one stone and post a written version of these tips! Going to get straight into this because I imagine this will be rather long!
This post will be divided into 6 parts: finding inspiration, concept art, incorporating elements of design, composition, tools and software, and resources. Feel free to skip around to whatever section interests you most!
***Before we get started, really quick disclaimer. I am in no way a professional cover designer. Cover design is merely something I picked up on my own, and I donât have any formal education/credentials in graphic design. So of course take my advice with that in mind. These are also just my personal thoughts and opinions. So take everything with a grain of salt!
1. Finding Inspiration
Whatâs the deal?
A really great way to start out in design
Finding cover designs or designers you admire may help you see what works technically
Helps nail down a style you like
In turn, can help you find your cover design style
What should you do?
Look at covers in your genre!
Whenever I design a cover, I take a scroll through Goodreads to pick up some inspiration in designs I personally love
I also love walking around my bookstore and taking a look at physical copies
Find a cover design you like, and point out the specific reasons you like it
Example:
Me and Earl and the Dying Girl was actually not an inspo cover for this edition of IâM DISAPPOINTED, but as you can see, things I liked from it spilled over into my own design. By pointing out aspects of graphic design you like, youâll better be able to understand your style as a cover artist.Â
Some personal thoughts:
I like covers that include a textured backgrounds, as seen in the collage below:Â
So for the IâM DISAPPOINTED cover above, I included a textured background. I also love handwritten fonts/lettering, which I include in almost all of my book covers.
What I did:
Off-white colour from A List of Cages and Holding Up The Universe
Silhouette from Painless and previous cover design of Iâm Disappointed
Speech bubble from Simon VS the Homo Sapiens Agenda and Say What You Will
Marker texture from A List of Cages
Obviously my thought process wasnât to put 4 covers in a blender and thus create my product, ha, this is just an example for the ease of understanding! Â
2. Concept art
Whatâs the deal?
Coming up with concept art is a super important part of designing a successful book cover.Â
Acts as the skeleton of your book cover
Your book coverâs roadmap
Saves time/effort
Similar to an outline for a novel.Â
Can be a very quick sketch, or full fledged design
I like keeping my concept art quick, but if this is your first cover, making a more detailed mockup can help.Â
What should you do?
Sketch out book cover ideas once you get them/take notes of concepts youâd like to explore
If you canât come up with concepts, take a look at your inspiration folder and pull concepts/ideas from covers you love
This does not mean copying another book cover (this is notttt a good idea!). BUT, pulling inspiration from elements you like on a cover can be helpful in generating your own concepts
You donât have to come up with concept art (sometimes winging it works!) but I do recommend jotting notes down, and drawing out loose sketches when applicable!
Keep a list of ideas for book covers as you accumulate them (almost like a little vault of concepts lol) and reference them in the future!
Take a look at as many book covers as you can and make a list of elements you like and donât like
This is one of the easiest ways to accumulate ideas/concepts!
Example:
^^^ Concept art for two book coversÂ
Likes and dislikes in book covers:
Of course this list is not my be all and end all (nor should it be), and obviously, I still use these things (besides clunky composition I hope!) in some designs!
3. Incorporating the elements of design
Whatâs the deal?
There are 7 elements of design: line, shape, texture, form, space, value, and colour.Â
These sometimes vary depending on where you look, but this is what I was taught, so Iâm going to be working off that!
Examples:
Iâm going to go through them really quickly via an assignment I did for my comm tech class
Keep in mind this assignment is 2 years old and is only meant to give you an idea of what these elements areÂ
1. Line
Line is probably the most important element of design as every piece of art starts with one.Â
There are various types of lines. You can have curved lines, straight lines, vertical lines, horizontal lines and so on.
2. ShapeÂ
You can have more mathematical, geometric shapes, or more abstract, free form shapes.Â
3. Texture
Texture is the feel of a particular surface.Â
Texture in my opinion is one of the most important elements when it comes to graphic design, especially book covers.Â
My favourite thing to see in book covers is texture, whether that be paper textures like construction paper, crumpled paper, wallpaper, lace, wall textures, paint textures, or marker textures
Texture adds depth to designs, and if thereâs any element of design you focus on in this post, Iâd highly recommend it be this one.Â
(iâm biased but still)
4. Form
Form is almost like shape, except instead of flat objects, weâre dealing with 3-dimensional objects.Â
I donât often use it in my covers since I like drawings and flat shapes in my designs, but if you want to include objects on your cover, or any sort of 3D shape, this would be form.Â
5. Space
The distance around an object, to put it simply
Space in covers can help emphasize whatâs important, and what is less important, or can draw attention to a particular piece of your design.Â
Examples of space:
Colour coding: yellow = space, teal = focal point/movement of viewerâs eye
In Twilight, the black space helps emphasize the main image, the hands holding the apple.Â
This also occurs in the Red Queen book covers. The empty space around the crown draws attention immediately to the focal point
You can also lack space. In The Duff, the girlâs face is the only thing you can see on the cover.Â
6. ValueÂ
Is determined by how much light or dark is incorporated into design.Â
Example of value:
A great example of value in book covers is on Alexandra Brackenâs Passenger. As you can see, the green at the top fades down in a gradient as more white is added to the centre.Â
7. Colour
Light reflecting off objects
Can make certain elements of your design stand out
Why should you incorporate the elements of design into your designs?
Adds layers of depth to your work
Thus can take your cover-making skills to another level
Can help in producing ideas
4. Composition:
Whatâs the deal?
In my opinion, can make or break a design
Can mean clutter of things, OR too much or too little space between elements
Title placement Â
Composition is sometimes subjective from design to design
What you can do:
Pay close attention to detail and spacing
Look out for natural shapes in your design you can fit elements into
Watch the linked video from Mango Street (one of my favourite photography channels) on composition
While photography and design are two different things, the tips in this video can also be applied to various ideas in design such as headroom and leading lines
Examples:
*Before I get into this, I want to make it clear that these examples are exaggerations for the purpose of showing you good and bad composition. If you make these mistakes, that doesnât mean your design is bad, and again, Iâm no professional. This comes from what I believe could be considered bad composition, but trust your gut.Â
Example 1: Stick People
doesnât effectively use space
no headroom for text
text is covering 200 element (looks very clunky)
text is cut off
No focal point
Canât read the title
Textual elements are better spread out
Title is now focal point
Slightly imbalanced
200 element is distractingÂ
Addition of stick figures balances out cover Â
Text follows natural shape of photograph
Removed 200 element makes cover look less clunky
Example 2: Sixteen Cents
Half the title is on a dark background
Lacks readability
Last name is cut off by window
Uninteresting composition (everything is on one line)
No movement
Title placement is better
Better readability
âA novelâ fits under windowsill
Last name is smaller to avoid cutting it off
Still slightly boring
Uses free space of wall wisely
Title is easy to read
Text is shaped around photo elements
Gives the cover some movement
Example 3: Fostered
Title is covering the focal point (the girl)
Title doesnât seem to be incorporated into the design
By moving title down, weâve made space for the subject
Title placement makes cover look less clunky
Same composition as prior but image is colour-graded
Embossed title adds texture/depth
Iâve mentioned this a few times in this post: focal point. What is it?
FOCAL POINT:
Is defined as the main attraction of your book cover
This is where you want your readersâ eyes to focus
Focal points can sometimes define themselves in areas where more contrast happens to be
Doesnât have to be the centre of the page.Â
Keep focal point in mind for composition because if you put it in the wrong spot, you could end up drawing your readersâ attention to the wrong area of the cover.Â
The point of most interest in a cover is the focal point, so if you want a particular subject of your book cover, such as a person, to stand out make sure you donât make the other areas of the cover too high contrast or busy.
Framing subjects also helps, so be creative! Â
The human eye tends to focus on areas with increased contrast so keep this in mind
Examples:
The Host
The camera has focused on the eye of the model, with the nose bridge and forehead shadowing each corner of the cover
Helps lead eye to focal point (the eye)
The Girls
Blue around the edges encircles the focal point (the girl), leading the viewerâs eye directly to her
Girl is also scarlet in colour, contrasting the background
The Hunger Games
Grey outlines on the cover lead straight to the mockingjay
Mockingjay is bright gold in comparison to the black background
Creates contrast, thus viewerâs eye is lead there
The Female of the Species
âStraightâ composition
No particular focal point, viewerâs eye instead moves horizontally across the design
What should you do?
Use the natural shapes and outlines in your design/photo to fill your cover
Use your space wisely (see examples above)
Use leading lines to draw attention to your focal point
Manipulate text to fill empty spaces
5. Tools and softwareÂ
You do not need Photoshop to make a good book cover
I made my first book covers in GIMP, a free image manipulation program (kinda like Photoshopâs little brother)
This is the stick people cover I made in photoshop, and the same cover made in GIMP.Â
Other tools you may want to use are CreateSpaceâs cover templates.Â
You can find these through CreateSpace OR Bookow (my personal fave)
OPTIONAL (what I use):
Graphics tablet
I use the Huion H610 which I really enjoy!Â
I use this to hand letter, draw silhouettes, create concept art, and so on
Paper and my Faber Castell India Ink Artist Pens.Â
These are fine tip markers, and are what I used to create the text on Iâm DisappointedÂ
Thin sharpies and pens will also do the job, and you can always clean any mistakes up in photoshop or gimp.
A scanner so I can transfer what Iâve hand drawn onto my computer
If you donât have a scanner you can take a clear photograph on a camera or phoneÂ
I also use a few custom marker brushes that now come with the 2018 version of Photoshop
The main one I use is Kyleâs AM - Watercolour Paper from the art markers set (you have to load these into Photoshop, but if you have PS 2018, you should have access to âem).Â
(Iâve lettered everything in this post with that brush)
6. Resources
Hereâs a list of amazing resources you might need when making your own book covers!
1. Stock image websites
Check out THIS post for a master list of my favourite stock photo websites!
Stocksnap.io
Unsplash.com
Pixabay.comÂ
2. Dafont
Is my main source for finding fonts
3. Goodreads
A huge resource I use to find cover inspiration
Iâll often browse the new releases section to look at new covers and so on
Easy way to narrow down the genre of cover youâre looking for, as well as the age category
4. Keyboard shortcutsÂ
Check out a masterlist for Photoshop HERE
GIMP masterlist HERE
Makes workflow super efficient
My fave I highly recommend in Photoshop is ctrl > shift > alt > e (merge all layers into new layer)Â
Iâve made TWO custom shortcuts: ctrl > shift > o is now open as layer, and ctrl > shift > alt > r is now rasterize layer (these save so much time!)
So to conclude this post, Iâm going to list out some of my favourite tips when it comes to cover making (sort of a reiteration of this post)
Add texture!
Texture is a super easy way to add dimension to your book cover
Try lettering with a paper and marker when starting out
I find this a lot easier than digital lettering!
Google is your friendddd
If you canât figure out how to do something in Photoshop or GIMP, the internet is a vast depository of information!
Pay attention to detail
Cover design is alllll about the small details. Making sure youâve centred something properly can seriously help in making your cover go from amateur to whoaaa who made thatttt
Get a second opinion
Been looking at your screen for 8 hours straight? Ask someone you know what they think of your design! I find this has sparked a lot of secondhand ideas!
If it doesnât work out, doesnât mean it was a fail
If a particular concept just doesnât work, donât worry! As you practice youâll get better, and you can always revisit the concept for another novel!
EDIT: a really great suggestion from @sarahkelsiwrites: print out your design if you need a fresh perspective! Youâd be surprised by what you notice on screen VS off!
So thatâs it for this post! I hope this was helpful for some of you guys, I know it was looooong overdue. If it helped you out, let me know, and if you have any questions, feel free to send âem my way! :))
âRachel
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Hi. I'm writing a fantasy story. So the royal family has twins(a boy and a girl). When they are older, the king and queen dies. I've researched about it and it says the older twin should be next in line.The thing is, prince is the older twin but the princess has to have the throne so that i can go further with the plot. Should i make them duel and make the princess win so she can be the queen? Idk what should i do?
Twin Royal Heirs in Fantasy
With twins as royal heirs, it isnât really an issue of âolderâ versus âyounger,â because weâre talking about a difference of minutes or hours in age. Itâs really more an issue of who was born first and who was born second. So, unless thereâs some other reason why itâs important that the prince was born first, or unless you want there to be a big dispute over the throne, I would just go ahead and have the princess be born first rather than complicate things unnecessarily.
If you want there to be a dispute over the throne, having the prince and princess duel for the throne is an option, but it certainly isnât your only option. Here are some other possibilities:
1. Coup D'Ă©tat by Popularity
When the crown prince is a twin, one thing that can happen is that over the years as the twins grow up, the nobles of the court and privy council begin to favor one over the other for various reasons, and maybe the ones who favor the princess secretly think she would make the better ruler. In this case, they could conceivably just petition the king and queen to change their heir, thus avoiding an actual coup or any big drama. Or, maybe they donât (or they do but the king and queen refuse), in which case they may secretly gather an army over a period of time and meet the prince/new kingâs army in battle, ultimately handing the throne over to the princess when they win. Alternatively, they may find some way to assassinate the prince/king and make it look like an accident, poison the prince/king and make it look like he became gravely ill and dies, or abduct the king to a far off place and make it look like he gave up the throne and went on some sort of wild pilgrimage or journey. The drawback to this option is it may over complicate your existing plot.
2. Coup D'état by Disqualification
One thing that is nice about having âan heir and a spareâ is that when it comes time for the heir to inherit the throne, if the heir is completely unqualified or does something that makes them unfit for the throne, itâs easy enough to depose them in favor of the more favorable heir. In this case, there doesnât have to a war, assassination, poisoning, or abduction, because everyone is in agreementâthe privy council, the nobles of the kingdom, the peopleâthey all want the unfit heir out of there, and thereâs no one to put up a fight. In this case, the heir may be guilty of a terrible crime, may simply be unfit to rule for whatever reason (maybe they suffer from what we know as massive depression), may be considered a heretic for not being an adherent to the kingdomâs favored religion, or maybe they ran off and married a peasant and refuses to divorce them.
3. Dethroned by Death
If you can do without the prince in the story, you might consider him dying shortly after he inherits the throne. In medieval Europe, there were rapidly spreading illnesses like the plague, the sweating sickness, and various other fevers and bacterial infections that often caused death. While royals were often insulated from these diseases, which usually spread among the peasants in cities and surrounding villages, they were certainly not immune. In fact, Henry VIIIâs older brother, Arthur, died of the disease as a teenager. You could also go the route of having the prince die in an accident or die of an injury related to an accident, as in on horseback or perhaps a serious fall.) Or perhaps the prince is attacked by thieves or assassins while riding through the forest one day. There are lots of possibilities.
4. Abdication of the Throne
Another possibility is that the prince simply doesnât want to be king, and because his sister can simply be queen instead, he has the ability to just give up the throne to her. If he has a lot of support from his council and court, there might be a lot of push back, especially if they arenât fans of the princess as a potential ruler. But, ultimately, they probably canât force him to be king.
I hope one of these options will work for you!
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ-Have a question? My inbox is always open, but make sure to check through my FAQ and post master lists first to see if Iâve already answered a similar question. :)
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