#30 April 1812

[rabbitcruiser]

The Territory of Orleans became the 18th U.S. state under the name Louisiana on April 30, 1812.    

[dreamauri]

♪ — 𝗟𝗢𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗦 𝗥𝗢𝗖𝗞 - part three max verstappen x fem! driver! reader (fluff) “. . . this is what they call: puppy love.”

( fic master list | general master list ) ( requests ) ( previous | next )

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yn.halimi

liked by landonorris maxverstappen1 and 21.6k others y.ln p4 on first our race, not where we wanted to be but we'll get there!! round one, check ✅ imola next, can't wait 👋

landonorris Y/NNN ⤷ yn.halimi LANDOO

username good luck

ferrarihypercar you did an amazing job out there! ⤷ yn.halimi forza ragazzi ❤️

username Wtf Porsche dominated like Red Bull in f1. A lot of work to do for Ferrari. But forza Ferrari

carlossainz55 Ojalá hubiera podido venir a mirar [wish i could have come and watched] ⤷ yn.halimi La próxima vez! Acabo de recibir noticias sobre tu p3, va a ser una gran temporada👍[next time. i just received news about your p3, it's going to be a great season] ⤷ carlossainz55 cuándo será la próxima vez? imola? [when will be the next time? imola?] ⤷ yn.halimi sí, Imola en abril. eso es hasta ahora [yea, imola in april] ⤷ landonorris soy lago ⤷ yn.halimi dora the explorer did not teach you well

username Consider Qatar 1812 a race about discovery, of finding out a lot about the car 🏎️🐎

maxverstappen1 thumbs up ⤷ landonorris soy lago ⤷ landonorris i think max is having a stroke? ⤷ yn.halimi soy lago? you trying to show off your spanish skills?😂

username I see the F1 ferrari energy slowly transferring to WEC

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thumbs up. you couldn't hold in the smile that curled on your lips as you re-read the comment. exiting your profile and going to dms, you didn't scroll far to reach the desired contact.

'saw you asked for me the other night' you typed, turning you phone off after so you could slip in your bed and shut your eyes for the night. it had been a long day for you and now that you were finally back in your hotel you couldn't wait for some proper rest.

but maybe you could stay up a little longer. Once your phone buzzed from on the nightstand you'd snatched it and unlocked it. 'we were playing fifa and i wanted to beat you' you couldn't feel the wide smile that stuck on your face. 'fifa you say? i might not have my console with me but i have some free time and my soccer shoes' you typed back quickly seeing he was still online and in the chat.

'what do you have in mind?' if your smile could have gotten any bigger, it would've. you sat up looking around your room. after a few seconds of thinking you looked back down at your phone. 'see you in jeddah?'

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The weather didn't bother you that much. you barely ever wear revealing clothes so wearing modest clothes didn't feel odd. you were too busy dribbling the football to be bothered by something irrelevant as clothes anyways, especially since max was chasing you and trying to steal the ball away.

Unlike the dutch who didn't waste any of his time going over to jeddah, you arrived during the evening, sometime after four. it was only at 5:30 did the two of you decide to actually go through with the plan of having a small football match together.

You were very surprised that the dutchman had accommodated for your time together at his hotel, somehow managing to book the tennis courts and take out the nets so you could makeshift a football field. It was a single goalie match, your shoes that you never got to wear making where the goal was.

"That's cheating." You huff-laughed, pushing him back with your shoulder. You must not have been in race mode because Max's reaction time skills were still on. in your moment of weakness he was able to steal the ball and take his shot to the bake shift goal. "Yea!" He cheered throwing his hands up, dabbing.

Crouched down on your knees, you tried to hold in a laugh at max. "That doesn't cpunt! You cheated!" You accused, getting back up on your feet. the time was sometime in early 6 and the sky had taken a nice gold and orange colour. "Contact!" Max fiend hurt as you you pushed your side into his sending him a couple of steps to regain his balance. "a 5-second time penalty for ms. L/N." "A fine for mr. verstappen." "A fine?" max put a hand on his chest making a shocked face. "Oh dear, go easy my bank account."

"Hmm" you put your hands on your hips, pretending to think. "I'm sorry mr. verstappen, but it's pretty big fine." "oh no. How much?" he played along, pretending to be worried and shocked.

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"It's bad they don't serve wine here, I'd be getting two gorgeous bottles of 1945 Domaine de la Romanee-Conti." You hummed, whispering about the wine once the waiter severed your table and left. "1945 what?" Max chuckled as took a sip of his drink ( which was actually just redbull in a fancy glass ) before picking up his fork to begin with the mini feast you ordered.

"Expensive french stuff." you shrugged, starting to eat from your own plate. "How expensive." He asked, chewing and looking at you. You gave another shrug, drinking your own drink (which was also just redbull in a fancy glass) to help swallow. "about 558k?" Max chocked on his food momentarily and you laughed at his reaction.

[bigfrozenfan]

The History of Arendelle: A FROZEN Timeline

The History of Arendelle is much more than just a recap of Frozen I & II. In this video timeline we'll dive deep into Frozen lore that spans novels, comics, podcasts, and more! This video is made in close association with the Arendelle Archives, a group of Frozen superfans who've mapped out the lore and history very well. Find links to download some of their resources below! This video is also made in collaboration with ModernMouse and Josh Taylor plays a new in-universe Frozen character, named Josh Taylorson, a Royal Historian of Arendelle.

TIMESTAMPS: 0:00 Introduction 1:44 ch. i - How the Timeline Works 4:30 ch. ii - The 1790s: Arendelle's Grand Reinvention 6:23 ch. iii - April 1812: The Battle of the Dam 7:51 ch. iv - 1812-1840: Dangerous Secrets - The Story of Iduna and Agnarr 11:03 ch. v - 1830-1840: Arendelle's Dark Years 14:05 ch. vi - July 1843: Frozen 17:19 ch. vii - July 1843: Once Upon a Snowman 17:39 ch. viii - December 1843: Olaf's Frozen Adventure 18:49 ch. ix - June 1844: Frozen Fever 19:54 ch. x - 1846: The Joe Caramagna Graphic Novels 22:21 ch. xi - September 1846: Forest of Shadows 24:24 ch. xii - September/October 1846: Frozen II 27:44 ch. xiii - December 1846: Polar Nights - Cast Into Darkness 29:17 ch. xiv - Spring 1847: Forces of Nature - Season One 30:44 Conclusion

ARENDELLE ARCHIVES RESOURCES: Annals of Frozen 2nd Edition The FrozenVerse - A List of All Official and Licensed Works Frozen Canon Talk 4th Edition Maps & Geography Anna and Elsa’s Lost Family Members

Download a high-quality PNG of the Frozen Timeline on Patreon

[the-cricket-chirps]

J.M.W. Turner

The Eruption of the Soufrière Mountains in the Island of St Vincent, 30 April 1812

1812

[deadpresidents]

Has there ever been a time when we haven't had a vice president?

John Adams was sworn in as our first Vice President in 1789 and in the 234 years since then, we've gone without a VP for 37 years and 290 days.

Until the ratification of the Twenty-Fifth Amendment, there was no mechanism for filling a vacancy in the Vice Presidency, so in several instances we've gone almost entire Presidential terms without a Vice President.

7 Vice Presidents Died In Office: •George Clinton (Jefferson's second VP & Madison's first VP), died April 20, 1812, leaving the Vice Presidency vacant for 318 days. •Elbridge Gerry (Madison's second VP), died November 23, 1814, leaving a vacancy for 2 years, 101 days. •William Rufus DeVane King (Pierce's VP), died April 18, 1853, leaving a vacancy for 3 years, 320 days. •Henry Wilson (Grant's second VP), died November 22, 1875, leaving a vacancy for 1 year, 102 days. •Thomas A. Hendricks (Cleveland's first VP), died November 24, 1885, leaving a vacancy for 3 years, 99 days. •Garret A. Hobart (McKinley's first VP), died November 21, 1899, leaving a vacancy for 1 year, 103 days. •James S. Sherman (Taft's VP), died October 30, 1912, leaving a vacancy for 125 days.

2 Vice Presidents Resigned: •John C. Calhoun (VP under John Quincy Adams and Jackson's first VP), resigned on December 28, 1832, leaving a vacancy for 66 days. •Spiro Agnew (Nixon's first VP), resigned on October 10, 1973, leaving a vacancy for 57 days.

9 Vice Presidents Succeeded to the Presidency: •John Tyler (William Henry Harrison's VP), assumed office upon President Harrison's death on April 4, 1841, leaving a VP vacancy for 3 years, 333 days. •Millard Fillmore (Taylor's VP), assumed office upon President Taylor's death on July 9, 1850, leaving a VP vacancy for 2 years, 238 days. •Andrew Johnson (Lincoln's second VP), assumed office upon President Lincoln's death on April 15, 1865, leaving a VP vacancy for 3 years, 323 days. •Chester Arthur (Garfield's VP), assumed office upon President Garfield's death on September 19, 1881, leaving a VP vacancy for 3 years, 166 days. •Theodore Roosevelt (McKinley's second VP), assumed office upon President McKinley's death on September 14, 1901, leaving a VP vacancy for 3 years, 171 days. •Calvin Coolidge (Harding's VP), assumed office upon President Harding's death on August 2, 1923, leaving a VP vacancy for 1 year, 214 days. •Harry S. Truman (FDR's third VP), assumed office upon President Roosevelt's death on April 12, 1945, leaving a VP vacancy for 3 years, 283 days. •Lyndon B. Johnson (JFK's VP), assumed office upon President Kennedy's death on November 22, 1963, leaving a VP vacancy for 1 year, 59 days. •Gerald Ford (Nixon's second VP), assumed office upon President Nixon's resignation on August 9, 1974, leaving a VP vacancy for 132 days.

Only two Vice Presidential vacancies have been filled under the provisions of the 25th Amendment. Gerald Ford was appointed to the Vice Presidency by President Nixon following Spiro Agnew's resignation in October 1973 and was confirmed by Congress in December 1973 (a nominee to fill a Vice Presidential vacancy must be confirmed separately by a majority vote of both chambers of Congress). On August 9, 1974, Nixon resigned as President and Ford succeeded to the White House, leaving the Vice Presidency vacant for the second time in less than a year. President Ford nominated Nelson Rockefeller as Vice President on August 20 and he was confirmed by Congress in December 1974.

[hezekiahwakely]

As anticipated, here are my extensive red string notes from the pilot:

God knows how relevant any of this will turn out to be, but I'm nothing if not a collector of trivial information

Very long text beneath the cut:

Page 1

The Magnus Protocol Pilot 10/25/23

Characters (in order of appearance)

Alice Dyer -O.I.A.R. employee -Dated Sam in uni -Jokester -Training Sam -Gets along with Colin

Teddy Vaughn -Retiring from the O.I.A.R. after 4 (?) years -Going into insurance field

Colin Becher -O.I.A.R. IT Manager -Vegetarian 🥬 -On the hook of "his nibs" (boss, male) -Sensitive about FR3-d1 app development, communicates w/politicians, trying for 2 years -Only gets along w/Alice -Knows computers are listening -Jokes about being killed

Lena Kelley -O.I.A.R. Team/Department Manager -Authoritative, follows protocol -Doesn't think Gwen is qualified for management

Gwendolyn Bouchard -O.I.A.R. employee -Backlog of casework -Dislikes Lena, wants her job -Dedicated to detail -Accused of nepotism by Alice -Thinks current job is beneath her -"Not like most people." *static*

Samama Khalid (Sam) -New O.I.A.R. employee -Dated Alice in uni -Wanting to 'get back on his feet' -Familiar with TMI -Didn't know what the Incidents were before hire!!

Page 2

Pilot notes con. 10/25/23

Listening Tech - Turns on by itself 💡

Dated computers (O.I.A.R.)

"Manager's speakerphone" (Lena's)

CCTV (O.I.A.R. breakroom?)

Cell phone (Alice's)

*O.I.A.R. formed in 70s? Accor. to Alice*

*Response Department no longer exists*

Still in onboarding paperwork, "Response 121"

Sam ticked this box

Tech Specs

O.S. = Windows NT 4.0 (modified) -Extended support for this O.S. was ended Dec. 31, 2004 IRL -Runs on workstations connected by LAN -Similar GUI to 95; comes w/Internet Explorer

FR3-d1 -Custom research software circa mid-90s -Flags Incidents and creates a database -Can search private/protected sources (email) -Alice claims no one has understood its workings for 15 years -Written in German source code

*1 Year = Average Employee Stay*

Page 3

Pilot notes con. 10/25/23

Classification System

Used in FR3-d1's database

Structure: CATXRXXXXX-XXXXXXXX-XXXXXXXX

CATXRX -> From reference table (CAT = Category?) First four digits -> Main subject of Incident DPHW (?) Next eight digits -> Date of Incident Last eight digits -> Current date

Example: CAT2RC1157-12052022-13012024* -First one we hear they file. "1157" is the "DPHW" for "dolls, watching."

*Jan. 13, 2024 is the date of Sam's onboarding/training (after Teddy's going-away party)

*as listed in transcript; in-show, it's quoted as 22102023, or Oct. 22, 2023

Page 4

Pilot notes (con.) 10/25/23

FR3-d1's Voice to Text/Text to Speech

Voices (named by Alice, which Gwen dislikes):

Neil = Alex

Chester = Jonny

(those two most common)

Augustus = ?

Neil's Incident

Occurs in "Cyberspace" via the transcript

"I'm so sorry. I should have listened. I just couldn't face the thought of the rest of my life never hearing him again, I had to try." First lines 😢

Email from Harriet Winstead to Darla Winstead, May 12, 2022

Recitations *can* be paused by pressing "space"!

Chester's Incident

Also occurs in "Cyberspace"

Topic: Magnus Institute Ruins.

On forum, user RedCanary, begins April 10, 2022. Explored 4/19-20/22.

Third floor gone. No old papers.

Suspicious, occult (?) graffiti, stains (!)

Took box with strange symbols (same as ones on walls/floors)

4/30/22 Posted image of gore/eyes, possibly of themself. Banned + did not return.

Page 5

Pilot notes con. 10/25/23

Early release video Case #: CAT1RA1353-03102023-22102024(listed as 202"3" on Patreon)

Video was posted 10/22/23.

Listed as "Incident" on Patreon.

According to transcript, the O.I.A.R. offices are located in Royal Mint Court.

Johson (sic) Smirke Building

Main building.

5 storeys, Grade 2 listed.

Designed by James Johnson, but constructed between 1807-1812 by Robert Smirke after Johnson died. To be used for mint.

Entrance lodge also built by Smirke, in front of building.

Page 6

Pilot - Public Release -TMAGP#001

Changes:

Sam's first incident number - today's date

CAT2RC1157-12052022-13012024 -> CAT2RC1157-12052022-09012024

Voice (first incident)

Neil -> *Norris*

Minor word/date changes in incidents.

Minor line read differences.

Descriptions of Incidents in new transcript:

Norris': CAT1RBC5257-12052022-09012024 Reanimation (Partial) -/- Regret [Email]

Chester's: CAT23RAB2155-10042022-09012024 Transformation (Eyes) -/- Trespass [chat log]

[scotianostra]

7th April 1767 saw the birth in Torphichen of Henry Bell.

Not a well known name to many but Bell would make his name by building the the paddle steamer PS Comet and, in 1812, using it to run Europe’s first commercially viable passenger steamboat service on the River Clyde.

Bell was educated in the local Parish school at Torphichen his family were well known at the time as millwrights, builders and engineers.

After schooling he spent time learning trades as a stonemason, Millwright and Model ship modeler, he was something of a visionary and a jack of all trades, it was another trade, engineering that he ended up excelling.

He became fascinated by the then experimental technology and potential of steam propelled ships. He corresponded with and may have assisted the American steamship pioneer Robert Fulton who, in 1807, introduced a steamboat service in New York. However, Bell failed to persuade the Admiralty to take any interest in his ideas about steam propulsion. While continuing to experiment and speculate, he and his wife moved in 1807 to Helensburgh where they ran an inn and superintended the public baths.

He must have been bored for as well as doing the two jobs in Helensburgh Henry was still tinkering with his steam engines, and he commissioned a Port Glasgow shipbuilder to build a 30-ton wooden paddle steamer with a 3hp engine. He named her Comet after a spectacular comet that had appeared the previous year. In August 1812, after a trial voyage from Port Glasgow to the Broomielaw and then back down to Greenock, during which the boat made 5 knots against a headwind and dramatically cut the usual journey time, Bell inaugurated a regular passenger service between Glasgow, Greenock and Helensburgh. No longer did ferries need to be so dependent upon wind and tide. This was the first commercial steam passenger service in Europe.

Lengthened and improved, the Comet then ran a service to Oban and Fort William via the Crinan Canal, but in 1820 she was shipwrecked off Oban. A successor Comet sank after a collision with considerable loss of life. Bell’s pioneering venture was soon superseded technically and eclipsed by rivals but he had shown the way.

Bell was not a successful businessman and ended his days in poverty, dependent upon a public subscription on his behalf, supported by Thomas Telford among others, and an annual stipend from the trustees of the Clyde Navigation.

He died in aged 62 and is buried in Rhu Kirkyard at Gare Loch, Argyll and Bute, a grand statue of him marks his tomb, there is also an Obolisk monument to Henry Bell on the Clyde at Helensburgh where there is also a JD Wetherspoon bar.

[elliemarchetti]

The Queen of the Quills - Jily Edition

Posting on Tumblr too because this fic's sister is already there.

Reading The Queen of the Quills - Blackinnon Edition will not be mandatory to understand the developments of James and Lily's story, but some details could be shared, therefore, for anyone wishing to fully enjoy the experience, I will leave a small index.

Blackinnon Edition - Chapter 1 Blackinnon Edition - Chapter 2 Jily Edition - Chapter 1

This was @athenasparrow's gift for @jilymicrofics ' Exchange 2024, but if you like it and are willingly to reblog, it would be super appreciated since stories like this require quite some time and effort🥰

Plot: James Potter, London's most evasive bachelor, an impertinent libertine, has decided to get married. He has also already chosen his wife, the debutante Lily Evans, a self-confident young woman who has not the slightest intention of being seduced by such a man. A Bridgerton inspired Regency AU.

Words: 872

Warnings: angst because of Fleamont Potter's death. If you feel uncomfortable with the topic I suggest to skip the whole fic since it's kind of central to the story. If you want a more lighthearted Jily Recency AU, or any other kind of Marauders Era content, DM me or drop and ask with a prompt from this list or a brand new idea.

The season has officially opened for the year of 1813, and there is little reason to hope we will see any noticeable change from 1812. The ranks of society are once again filled with ambitious mamas, whose only aim is to see their darling daughter married off to determined bachelors. Discussion amongst the ton fingers Mr. Potter as this year’s most eligible catch, and indeed, if the poor man’s hair looks ruffled, it is because he cannot go anywhere without some young miss batting her eyelashes with such vigour and speed as to create a breeze of hurricane force. Perhaps the only young lady not interested is Miss Lily Evans, and in fact, her demeanour towards Mr. Potter occasionally borders on the hostile. And that is why, Dear Reader, this author feels that a match between Potter and Miss Evans would be just the thing to enliven an otherwise ordinary season. The Queen of the Quills, April 30, 1813

James Potter had always known he would die young.

Not as a child, his infant self never had cause to ponder his own mortality, his early years pure perfection.

Although it was true that he was the only heir to an ancient and wealthy family, unlike most other aristocratic couples, his parents were very much in love and they adored him with a fierceness and devotion rarely seen in their social circles. Much to her own mother’s horror, Euphemia insisted upon nursing the boy herself, and Fleamont never subscribed to the prevailing attitude that fathers should neither see nor hear their children. He took James on long hikes across the fields of Kent and spoke to him of herbology and magizoology in terms he could understand, telling tales of wondrous things, of perfect flowers and might dragons, of powerful wizards and smart witches. Euphemia used to laugh when they returned all windblown and sun kissed, and Fleamont would say, “See? Here is the smartest witch of them all. Clearly we must learn from her.” And James would throw himself into his mother’s arms, giggling as he swore he will become even smarter.

Fleamont Potter was, quite simply, the very centre of James’s world. He was tall, his shoulders broad, and he could ride a broom as if he’d been born on it. He always knew the answers to arithmetic questions, even when the tutor didn’t, he saw no reason why his son shouldn’t have a tree house, and his laugh was the sort that warmed a body from the inside out. Fleamont taught his son how to play Quidditch, how to cast perfect spells, and how to swim. He wrote to him every day during his first months at Hogwarts, assuring him everything will be alright and he would make the best of friends. And it happened, because his father, after all, never lied.

James loved his mother too. For Merlin’s beard, he’d probably bite off his own arm if it meant keeping her safe and well, but growing up, everything he did, every accomplishment, goal, hope and dream – it was all for his father. And then, one day, everything changed. It was funny, he reflected later, how one’s life could alter in an instant, how one minute everything could be a certain way, and the next is simply… not. It happened when James was eighteen, after his graduation. His life was as bright and dazzling as any person his age had a right to enjoy. He had discovered women, and perhaps more splendidly, they had discovered him. His parents were trying to give him a sister, and James did his best not to roll his eyes when he passed his pregnant mother in the hall, for it was a bit unseemly, in his opinion, having children at their age, but who was he to doubt Fleamont’s wisdom?

When James found out, it was late afternoon. He was returning from the trip he took to accompany Sirius to the port, where he would sail to explore Africa, and he had just pushed through the front door when he saw Marlene McKinnon sitting on the floor in the main hall. He stopped short, the sight already odd enough if his young friend wasn’t crying.

“What…” he started, but before he could finish his question, she lifted her head, and the shattering heartbreak in her large brown eyes cut through him like a knife. He stumbled back a step, knowing something was terribly wrong.

“Dragon pox,” she whispered. “You father has a bad case of dragon pox.”

For a moment, James was sure he’d misheard. His father couldn’t be ill. He was perfectly healthy when he left and they still had places to visit and things to do and he was so excited for the baby, and…

“You’re wrong,” he told, panic straining his voice. “You must be.”

But she wasn’t, and her eerily blank expression followed him in his dreams until the funeral.

It was on that rainy day, as the gravediggers lowered the coffin into the hole dug at the cemetery, that James had an epiphany about his own mortality: Fleamont Potter had died at the age of fourty-three, and his son simply couldn’t ever surpass him in any way, even in years.

[theworstfoundingfathers]

Who is the worst? Round 1: Robert Livingston vs Aaron Burr

Robert Robert Livingston (November 27, 1746 (Old Style November 16) – February 26, 1813) was an American lawyer, politician, and diplomat from New York, as well as a Founding Father of the United States. He was known as "The Chancellor" after the high New York state legal office he held for 25 years. He was a member of the Committee of Five that drafted the Declaration of Independence, along with Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and Roger Sherman. Livingston administered the oath of office to George Washington when he assumed the presidency April 30, 1789. Livingston was also elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1801.

Livingston, a member of a large and prominent family, was known for continually quarreling with his relatives.

In 1789, Livingston joined the Jeffersonian Republicans (later known as the Democratic-Republicans), forming an uneasy alliance with his previous rival George Clinton and Aaron Burr, then a political newcomer. Livingston opposed the Jay Treaty and other initiatives of the Federalist Party, founded and led by his former colleagues Alexander Hamilton and John Jay. He ran for governor of New York as a Democratic-Republican, unsuccessfully challenging incumbent governor John Jay in the 1798 election.

Aaron Burr Jr. (February 6, 1756 – September 14, 1836) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the third vice president of the United States from 1801 to 1805. Burr's legacy is defined by his famous personal conflict with Alexander Hamilton that culminated with Burr killing Hamilton in a duel in 1804, while Burr was vice president.

Burr traveled west to the American frontier, seeking new economic and political opportunities. His secretive activities led to his 1807 arrest in Alabama on charges of treason. He was brought to trial more than once for what became known as the Burr conspiracy, an alleged plot to create an independent country led by Burr, but was acquitted each time. With large debts and few influential friends, Burr left the United States to live as an expatriate in Europe. He returned in 1812 and resumed practicing law in New York City. Burr's brief second marriage resulted in divorce and further scandal. Handicapped by a stroke and financially ruined, Burr died at a boarding house in 1836.

[brookston]

Holidays 4.30

Holidays

Adopt a Shelter Pet Day (Canada)

Armed Forces Day (Georgia)

Bugs Bunny Day

Camarón Day (French Foreign Legion)

Captain American Humping Day (Aenderia)

Carnival Day (Sint Maarten)

Čarodějnice (Czech Republic; Slovakia)

Casey Jones Day

Children’s Day (Mexico)

Consumer Protection Day (Thailand)

Constitution Day (Marshall Islands)

Dare to Live Day

Day of Fire Service (Russia)

Day of the Border Guard (Ukraine)

Day of the Pianist (Brazil)

El Dia del Nino (Children's Day; Mexico)

El Día de los Libros (Day of the Book)

E-Mail Debt Forgiveness Day

Feast of Valborg (Sweden)

Flag Day (Sweden)

430 Day

Goblinization Day

Hairstylist (or Hairstyle) Appreciation Day

Healthy Kids Day (YMCA)

Honesty Day

International Care Experienced Day of Remembrance (UK)

International Day of Tatreez and Palestinian Culture

International Day of the Dandelion (Netherlands)

International Day to End Corporal Punishment

International Jazz Day (UNESCO)

International Orchard Day

International Painters Appreciation Day

It’s Gonna Be May Day

Louisiana Purchase Day

Magic Friendship Rock Day

Martyr’s Day (Pakistan)

Mic Drop Day

Mr. Potato Head Day

National Adult Hepatitis B Vaccination Awareness Day

National Anal Day

National Animal Advocacy Day

National Braid Day

National Honesty Day

National Larry Day

National Information Openness Day (Indonesia)

National Mahjong Day

National Military Brats Day

National Persian Gulf Day (Iran)

National PrepareAthon Day [also 9.30]

National Private Kinase Deficiency (PKD) Awareness Day

National Sarcoidosis Day

National Save a Turtle Day

National Tabby Day

National Therapy Animal Day

National Tie-Dye Day

National Window Film Day

Persian Gulf Day (Iran)

Pico Day

Pithing Chrat Preah Neanng Krol (Royal Ploughing Ceremony; Cambodia)

Poetry and the Creative Mind Day [also 4.19]

Rabbit Rabbit Day [Last Day of Every Month]

Remembrance Day for the Deportees (France)

Rhubarb Day (French Republic)

Rincon Day (Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba)

Russian State Fire Service Day (Russia)

Snail Husband Reveal Day (Middle Ages Scotland)

Spank Out Day

Supernova Day

Tax Day (Canada)

Teachers’ Day (Paraguay)

Walburg’s Eve (Austria)

Walpurgis Night (Estonia, Finland, Germany, Sweden)

World Day of Prayer for Vocations

World Land Rover Day

World Robberfly Day

World Stationary Day

World Women’s Wellness Day

Yakima Tribe Root Festival (Native American)

Food & Drink Celebrations

National Bubble Tea Day

National Oatmeal Cookie Day

National Raisin Day

National Turkey Bacon Day

World Jianbing Day

5th & Last Tuesday in April

AMKD Awareness Day [Last Tuesday]

East Texas Giving Day [Last Tuesday]

Taco Tuesday [Every Tuesday]

Independence & Related Days

Erlande (Declared; 2015) [unrecognized]

Hawaii (becomes US Territory; 1900)

Louisiana Statehood Day (#18; 1812)

Reunification Day (Vietnam)

Festivals Beginning April 30, 2024

Daze Between New Orleans (New Orleans, Louisiana) [thru 5.1]

Mayday (Dortmund, Germany)

Feast Days

Adjutor of Vernon (Christian; Saint)

Aimo (Christian; Saint)

Amator, Peter and Louis (Christian; Saint)

Catherine of Sienna (Christian; Saint)

Celebrate Hitler’s Death Day (Pastafarian)

Donatus of Evorea (Christian; Saint)

Elvis Costello Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Erkonwald, Bishop of London (Christian; Saint)

Eutropius of Saintes (Christian; Saint)

Faeriae Latinae (Feast of the Latin League, honoring Jupiter; Ancient Rome)

Fairy Queen’s Birthday (Shamanism)

Forannan (Christian; Saint)

Francesco Primaticcio (Artology)

Gualfardus (a.k.a. Wolfhard; Christian; Saint)

Hexennacht (Satanism)

James the Great (Orthodox)

James, Marian and others (Christian; Martyrs in Numidia)

Larry Niven (Writerism)

Luigi Russolo (Artology)

Marie Guyart (Anglican Church of Canada)

Marie of the Incarnation (Ursuline; Christian; Saint)

Marian and James (Christian; Martyrs)

Masturbating Yak Day (Pastafarian)

Maximus of Rome (Christian; Saint)

May Eve  [Eve of 1st Day of Summer in Many Traditions] (a.k.a. …

Beltane, Day 1 (Celtic, Pagan) [3 of 8 Festivals of the Natural Year]

Beltane Eve (Northern Hemisphere)

Carodejnice (Czech Republic, Slovakia)

Festival of Belenus (Celtic God of Fire and the Sun)

Maitag Vorabend (Switzerland)

Mange les Morts (Festival of the Dead; Haiti)

Salus (Festival of the Dead; Portugal, Spain)

Samhain Eve (Southern Hemisphere)

Valborgsmassoafton (Valborg’s Eve; Sweden)

Vappu Day (Finland)

Walpurgis Night (Germany, Ancient Celtic, Nordic)

Miles Gerard (Christian; Saint)

Pericles (Positivist; Saint)

Pomponius of Naples (Christian; Saint)

Pius V, Pope (Christian; Saint)

Quirinus of Neuss (Christian; Saint)

Roodmas (Witches Sabbath)

Sarah Josepha Hale (Episcopal Church)

Sophia (Christian; Saint)

Suitbert the Younger (Christian; Saint)

Taliesin washed into Gwyddno’s Weir (Celtic Book of Days)

Walpurgisnacht, Day VIII (Pagan)

Warding Off Witches Day (Scatter Sand or Grass on Your Doorstop, because Witches would have to stop to count them which prevented them from entering; Czechoslovakia)

The Zookeeper (Muppetism)

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Shakku (赤口 Japan) [Bad luck all day, except at noon.]

Premieres

American Gods (TV Series; 2017)

An Adventure in Art (Disney Animated TV Special; 1958)

Back to Black, by Amy Winehouse (Album; 2007)

Below Stairs, by Margaret Powell (Memoir; 1968)

Bone Bandit (Disney Cartoon; 1948)

Bosko and Bruno (WB LT Cartoon; 1932)

The Captain’s Pup (MGM Cartoon; 1938)

Children of Dune, by Frank Herbert (Novel; 1976) [#3]

Corsair, by Clive Cussler (Novel; 2009)

D.O.A. (Film; 1949)

The Doobie Brothers, by The Doobie Brothers (Album; 1971)

Flight to the Finish (Tijuana Toads Cartoon; 1972)

Gateway, by Frederik Pohl (Novel; 1977)

Harry Brown (Film; 2010)

Inside Amy Schumer (TV Series; 2013)

Jane Fonda’s Workout Book (Book; 1983)

The Keys of the Kingdom , byA.J. Cronin (Novel; 1941)

The Last Hero, by Leslie Charteris (Novel; 1930) [Saint #3]

Laughter & Lust, by Joe Jackson (Album; 1991)

The Little Orphan (Tom & Jerry Cartoon; 1949)

The Makioka Sisters, by Jun'ichirō Tanizaki (Novel; 1948)

McVicar (Film; 1980)

Mean Girls (Film; 2004)

The Mitchells vs. the Machines (Animated Film; 2021)

Mr. Potato (Toy Ad on TV; 1952) [1st TV toy ad]

Nerilka’s Story, by Anne McCaffrey (Novel; 1986)

On With the Dance (London Musical; 1925)

Ozzie of the Mounted (Disney Oswald the Lucky Rabbit Cartoon; 1928)

Pelléas et Mélisande, by Claude Debussy (Opera; 1902)

Pink Piper (Pink Panther Cartoon; 1976)

Pirate Ship (Terrytoons Cartoon; 1933)

Plane Dippy (WB LT Cartoon; 1936)

Porky’s Hare Hunt (WB LT Cartoon; 1938)

Puppy Love (Ub Iwerks Cartoon; 1932)

Pups on a Picnic (Tom & Jerry Cartoon; 1955)

Queen for a Day (Radio Series; 1945)

Ready, Set, Zoom! (WB LT Cartoon; 1955)

Red Rose Speedway, by Paul McCartney & Wings (Album; 1973)

Rocket Racket (Woody Woodpecker Cartoon; 1962)

School Birds (Terrytoons Cartoon; 1937)

State of the Union (Film; 1948)

A Tale of Two Cities, by Charles Dickens (Novel; 1859)

Walking to New Orleans, recorded by Fats Domino (Song; 1960)

Why Do Birds Sing?, by Violent Femmes (Album; 1991)

The Wild and Woozy West (Phantasies Cartoon; 1942)

Willoughby’s Magic Hat (Phantasies Cartoon; 1943)

Today’s Name Days

Pauline, Pius, Silvio (Austria)

Pio, Venancije (Croatia)

Blahoslav (Czech Republic)

Serverus, Valborg (Denmark)

Miia, Mirja, Mirjam, Mirje (Estonia)

Miia, Mira, Mirella, Mirja, Mirjami, Mirka, Mirkka, Mirva (Finland)

Robert (France)

Pauline, Pius, Silvio (Germany)

Argyro, Asimakis, Asimina, Donatos, Jacob, Malamati (Greece)

Katalin, Kitti (Hungary)

Lodovico, Mariano, Pio, Rosamunda, Sofia, Sonia (Italy)

Liāna, Liliāna, Lilija, Linda (Latvia)

Marijonas, Sofija, Venta, Virbutas (Lithuania)

Gina, Gitte (Norway)

Bartłomiej, Chwalisława, Eutropiusz, Jakub, Katarzyna, Lilla, Marian (Poland)

Iacov (Romania)

Anastázia (Slovakia)

José, Pío (Spain)

Mariana (Sweden)

Jacob, Rachel (Ukraine)

Miles, Milo, Myles, Ryder (USA)

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 121 of 2024; 245 days remaining in the year

ISO: Day 2 of week 18 of 2024

Celtic Tree Calendar: Saille (Willow) [Day 17 of 28]

Chinese: Month 3 (Wu-Chen), Day 22 (Jia-Zi)

Chinese Year of the: Dragon 4722 (until January 29, 2025) [Wu-Chen]

Hebrew: 22 Nisan 5784

Islamic: 21 Shawwal 1445

J Cal: 1 Magenta; Oneday [1 of 30]

Julian: 16 April 2024

Moon: 59%: Waning Gibbous

Positivist: 8 Caesar (5th Month) [Pericles]

Runic Half Month: Lagu (Flowing Water) [Day 5 of 15]

Season: Spring (Day 42 of 92)

Week: 4th Week of April / 1st Week of May

Zodiac: Taurus (Day 10 of 31)

Calendar Changes

Magenta (J Calendar) [Month 5 of 12]

[rabbitcruiser]

The Territory of Orleans became the 18th U.S. state under the name Louisiana on April 30, 1812.

[brookstonalmanac]

Holidays 4.30

Holidays

Adopt a Shelter Pet Day (Canada)

Armed Forces Day (Georgia)

Bugs Bunny Day

Camarón Day (French Foreign Legion)

Captain American Humping Day (Aenderia)

Carnival Day (Sint Maarten)

Čarodějnice (Czech Republic; Slovakia)

Casey Jones Day

Children’s Day (Mexico)

Consumer Protection Day (Thailand)

Constitution Day (Marshall Islands)

Dare to Live Day

Day of Fire Service (Russia)

Day of the Border Guard (Ukraine)

Day of the Pianist (Brazil)

El Dia del Nino (Children's Day; Mexico)

El Día de los Libros (Day of the Book)

E-Mail Debt Forgiveness Day

Feast of Valborg (Sweden)

Flag Day (Sweden)

430 Day

Goblinization Day

Hairstylist (or Hairstyle) Appreciation Day

Healthy Kids Day (YMCA)

Honesty Day

International Care Experienced Day of Remembrance (UK)

International Day of Tatreez and Palestinian Culture

International Day of the Dandelion (Netherlands)

International Day to End Corporal Punishment

International Jazz Day (UNESCO)

International Orchard Day

International Painters Appreciation Day

It’s Gonna Be May Day

Louisiana Purchase Day

Magic Friendship Rock Day

Martyr’s Day (Pakistan)

Mic Drop Day

Mr. Potato Head Day

National Adult Hepatitis B Vaccination Awareness Day

National Anal Day

National Animal Advocacy Day

National Braid Day

National Honesty Day

National Larry Day

National Information Openness Day (Indonesia)

National Mahjong Day

National Military Brats Day

National Persian Gulf Day (Iran)

National PrepareAthon Day [also 9.30]

National Private Kinase Deficiency (PKD) Awareness Day

National Sarcoidosis Day

National Save a Turtle Day

National Tabby Day

National Therapy Animal Day

National Tie-Dye Day

National Window Film Day

Persian Gulf Day (Iran)

Pico Day

Pithing Chrat Preah Neanng Krol (Royal Ploughing Ceremony; Cambodia)

Poetry and the Creative Mind Day [also 4.19]

Rabbit Rabbit Day [Last Day of Every Month]

Remembrance Day for the Deportees (France)

Rhubarb Day (French Republic)

Rincon Day (Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba)

Russian State Fire Service Day (Russia)

Snail Husband Reveal Day (Middle Ages Scotland)

Spank Out Day

Supernova Day

Tax Day (Canada)

Teachers’ Day (Paraguay)

Walburg’s Eve (Austria)

Walpurgis Night (Estonia, Finland, Germany, Sweden)

World Day of Prayer for Vocations

World Land Rover Day

World Robberfly Day

World Stationary Day

World Women’s Wellness Day

Yakima Tribe Root Festival (Native American)

Food & Drink Celebrations

National Bubble Tea Day

National Oatmeal Cookie Day

National Raisin Day

National Turkey Bacon Day

World Jianbing Day

5th & Last Tuesday in April

AMKD Awareness Day [Last Tuesday]

East Texas Giving Day [Last Tuesday]

Taco Tuesday [Every Tuesday]

Independence & Related Days

Erlande (Declared; 2015) [unrecognized]

Hawaii (becomes US Territory; 1900)

Louisiana Statehood Day (#18; 1812)

Reunification Day (Vietnam)

Festivals Beginning April 30, 2024

Daze Between New Orleans (New Orleans, Louisiana) [thru 5.1]

Mayday (Dortmund, Germany)

Feast Days

Adjutor of Vernon (Christian; Saint)

Aimo (Christian; Saint)

Amator, Peter and Louis (Christian; Saint)

Catherine of Sienna (Christian; Saint)

Celebrate Hitler’s Death Day (Pastafarian)

Donatus of Evorea (Christian; Saint)

Elvis Costello Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Erkonwald, Bishop of London (Christian; Saint)

Eutropius of Saintes (Christian; Saint)

Faeriae Latinae (Feast of the Latin League, honoring Jupiter; Ancient Rome)

Fairy Queen’s Birthday (Shamanism)

Forannan (Christian; Saint)

Francesco Primaticcio (Artology)

Gualfardus (a.k.a. Wolfhard; Christian; Saint)

Hexennacht (Satanism)

James the Great (Orthodox)

James, Marian and others (Christian; Martyrs in Numidia)

Larry Niven (Writerism)

Luigi Russolo (Artology)

Marie Guyart (Anglican Church of Canada)

Marie of the Incarnation (Ursuline; Christian; Saint)

Marian and James (Christian; Martyrs)

Masturbating Yak Day (Pastafarian)

Maximus of Rome (Christian; Saint)

May Eve  [Eve of 1st Day of Summer in Many Traditions] (a.k.a. …

Beltane, Day 1 (Celtic, Pagan) [3 of 8 Festivals of the Natural Year]

Beltane Eve (Northern Hemisphere)

Carodejnice (Czech Republic, Slovakia)

Festival of Belenus (Celtic God of Fire and the Sun)

Maitag Vorabend (Switzerland)

Mange les Morts (Festival of the Dead; Haiti)

Salus (Festival of the Dead; Portugal, Spain)

Samhain Eve (Southern Hemisphere)

Valborgsmassoafton (Valborg’s Eve; Sweden)

Vappu Day (Finland)

Walpurgis Night (Germany, Ancient Celtic, Nordic)

Miles Gerard (Christian; Saint)

Pericles (Positivist; Saint)

Pomponius of Naples (Christian; Saint)

Pius V, Pope (Christian; Saint)

Quirinus of Neuss (Christian; Saint)

Roodmas (Witches Sabbath)

Sarah Josepha Hale (Episcopal Church)

Sophia (Christian; Saint)

Suitbert the Younger (Christian; Saint)

Taliesin washed into Gwyddno’s Weir (Celtic Book of Days)

Walpurgisnacht, Day VIII (Pagan)

Warding Off Witches Day (Scatter Sand or Grass on Your Doorstop, because Witches would have to stop to count them which prevented them from entering; Czechoslovakia)

The Zookeeper (Muppetism)

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Shakku (赤口 Japan) [Bad luck all day, except at noon.]

Premieres

American Gods (TV Series; 2017)

An Adventure in Art (Disney Animated TV Special; 1958)

Back to Black, by Amy Winehouse (Album; 2007)

Below Stairs, by Margaret Powell (Memoir; 1968)

Bone Bandit (Disney Cartoon; 1948)

Bosko and Bruno (WB LT Cartoon; 1932)

The Captain’s Pup (MGM Cartoon; 1938)

Children of Dune, by Frank Herbert (Novel; 1976) [#3]

Corsair, by Clive Cussler (Novel; 2009)

D.O.A. (Film; 1949)

The Doobie Brothers, by The Doobie Brothers (Album; 1971)

Flight to the Finish (Tijuana Toads Cartoon; 1972)

Gateway, by Frederik Pohl (Novel; 1977)

Harry Brown (Film; 2010)

Inside Amy Schumer (TV Series; 2013)

Jane Fonda’s Workout Book (Book; 1983)

The Keys of the Kingdom , byA.J. Cronin (Novel; 1941)

The Last Hero, by Leslie Charteris (Novel; 1930) [Saint #3]

Laughter & Lust, by Joe Jackson (Album; 1991)

The Little Orphan (Tom & Jerry Cartoon; 1949)

The Makioka Sisters, by Jun'ichirō Tanizaki (Novel; 1948)

McVicar (Film; 1980)

Mean Girls (Film; 2004)

The Mitchells vs. the Machines (Animated Film; 2021)

Mr. Potato (Toy Ad on TV; 1952) [1st TV toy ad]

Nerilka’s Story, by Anne McCaffrey (Novel; 1986)

On With the Dance (London Musical; 1925)

Ozzie of the Mounted (Disney Oswald the Lucky Rabbit Cartoon; 1928)

Pelléas et Mélisande, by Claude Debussy (Opera; 1902)

Pink Piper (Pink Panther Cartoon; 1976)

Pirate Ship (Terrytoons Cartoon; 1933)

Plane Dippy (WB LT Cartoon; 1936)

Porky’s Hare Hunt (WB LT Cartoon; 1938)

Puppy Love (Ub Iwerks Cartoon; 1932)

Pups on a Picnic (Tom & Jerry Cartoon; 1955)

Queen for a Day (Radio Series; 1945)

Ready, Set, Zoom! (WB LT Cartoon; 1955)

Red Rose Speedway, by Paul McCartney & Wings (Album; 1973)

Rocket Racket (Woody Woodpecker Cartoon; 1962)

School Birds (Terrytoons Cartoon; 1937)

State of the Union (Film; 1948)

A Tale of Two Cities, by Charles Dickens (Novel; 1859)

Walking to New Orleans, recorded by Fats Domino (Song; 1960)

Why Do Birds Sing?, by Violent Femmes (Album; 1991)

The Wild and Woozy West (Phantasies Cartoon; 1942)

Willoughby’s Magic Hat (Phantasies Cartoon; 1943)

Today’s Name Days

Pauline, Pius, Silvio (Austria)

Pio, Venancije (Croatia)

Blahoslav (Czech Republic)

Serverus, Valborg (Denmark)

Miia, Mirja, Mirjam, Mirje (Estonia)

Miia, Mira, Mirella, Mirja, Mirjami, Mirka, Mirkka, Mirva (Finland)

Robert (France)

Pauline, Pius, Silvio (Germany)

Argyro, Asimakis, Asimina, Donatos, Jacob, Malamati (Greece)

Katalin, Kitti (Hungary)

Lodovico, Mariano, Pio, Rosamunda, Sofia, Sonia (Italy)

Liāna, Liliāna, Lilija, Linda (Latvia)

Marijonas, Sofija, Venta, Virbutas (Lithuania)

Gina, Gitte (Norway)

Bartłomiej, Chwalisława, Eutropiusz, Jakub, Katarzyna, Lilla, Marian (Poland)

Iacov (Romania)

Anastázia (Slovakia)

José, Pío (Spain)

Mariana (Sweden)

Jacob, Rachel (Ukraine)

Miles, Milo, Myles, Ryder (USA)

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 121 of 2024; 245 days remaining in the year

ISO: Day 2 of week 18 of 2024

Celtic Tree Calendar: Saille (Willow) [Day 17 of 28]

Chinese: Month 3 (Wu-Chen), Day 22 (Jia-Zi)

Chinese Year of the: Dragon 4722 (until January 29, 2025) [Wu-Chen]

Hebrew: 22 Nisan 5784

Islamic: 21 Shawwal 1445

J Cal: 1 Magenta; Oneday [1 of 30]

Julian: 16 April 2024

Moon: 59%: Waning Gibbous

Positivist: 8 Caesar (5th Month) [Pericles]

Runic Half Month: Lagu (Flowing Water) [Day 5 of 15]

Season: Spring (Day 42 of 92)

Week: 4th Week of April / 1st Week of May

Zodiac: Taurus (Day 10 of 31)

Calendar Changes

Magenta (J Calendar) [Month 5 of 12]

[stargazer4501]

New Information for Overlord OCs *NEED FEEDBACK*

I’m working on the deaths for my overlord OCs, along with some other information like birthday.

Some of these deaths are linked to real world events while others are no way related. Few of these real events is definitely messed up so search at your own risk.

Finally I really need feedback on these so that I can make the proper adjustments and faithful representation.

Without further ado, please read below:

The Artist Overlord

Died in Am Spiegelgrund in Vienna, Austria.

Placed in care for Schizophrenia.

Died by “Aktion T4” at 15yrs old.

Died in December 1941

Was born on 27 April 1926 in Vienna, Austria.

The Playwright Overlord

Died in Kresna Gorge, Bulgaria.

Was a soldier in the 1st & 2nd Balkan Wars.

Died by being shot in the Battle of Kresna Gorge.

Died on 30 July 1913 at 46yrs old.

Was born on 1 January 1867 in Doxato, Greece.

The Seamstress Overlord

Died in Liverpool, England.

Owned a Boutique in Liverpool & was a Serial Killer.

Died by blunt trauma from falling off a building.

Died in March 1927 at 32yrs old.

Was born on 2 September 1895 in Blackpool, England.

The Orchestra Overlord

Died in Delft, Netherlands.

Became deaf in one ear during a performance.

Died by smallpox at 27yrs old.

Died in February 1871.

Was born on 3 April 1844 in Delft, Netherlands.

The Opera Overlord

Died in Paris, France.

Was candle maker before she began opera.

Died by being burnt alive at 41yrs old.

Died on 27 November 1853.

Was born on 28 November 1812 in Naples, Italy.

The Ballet Overlord

Died in St. Petersburg, Russia.

Was a ballet teacher before her legs got crushed.

Died by hanging at 36yrs old.

Died in January 1830.

Was born on 17 December 1794 in Veliky Novgorod, Russia.

The Puppet Overlord

Died in China.

Not much is known, but was possibly a serial killer or torturer.

Died by Lingchi or “Death by a Thousand Cuts”.

Died in the 1750s.

Was born in the 1700s in China.

[jcmarchi]

‘Mother of Dragons’ comet visible in the night sky - Technology Org

New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/mother-of-dragons-comet-visible-in-the-night-sky-technology-org/

‘Mother of Dragons’ comet visible in the night sky - Technology Org

Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks is visible in the night sky for observers in the northern hemisphere, offering a rare chance for professional and amateur astronomers to catch a glimpse of an object known for its spectacular outbursts of gas and dust.

Structure of a comet

Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks is a ‘Halley-type’ comet with an orbital period of roughly 71 years and a nucleus approximately 30 km wide. It has been observed during previous journeys through the inner Solar System, allowing astronomers to study its behaviour and characteristics over time.

Its distinctive shape has earned it the name ‘horned’ comet, or ‘devil’ comet, but we have chosen instead a pop-culture reference that draws on its role as the probable parent body of the ‘kappa-Draconids’, a small annual meteor shower that is active around 29 November to 13 December.

Like other comets, comet 12P/Pons-Brooks is composed of ice, dust, and rocky material. When it approaches the Sun, heat causes the ice inside the comet to turn from solid to gas.

The gas escapes from the surface of the comet, dragging dust with it. They form a large cloud and a tail that is pushed away from the Sun by the solar wind.

Where, when and how can I see the comet?

The visibility of comet 12P/Pons-Brooks varies. It can appear very bright when highly active and close to Earth. Other times, it may appear only faintly.

The comet will reach its closet point to Earth in June 2024. However, by this time, it won’t be possible to observe the comet from the northern hemisphere. Late March and early April will offer the best opportunities.

During this time, the comet will be visible in clear, dark skies above the western horizon during the hours after dusk. If you are lucky, you may be able to observe it with binoculars or even the naked eye, but you will have a better chance with even a small telescope, as its brightness is unpredictable.

Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks won’t return to our night skies until 2095.

Discovery and previous appearances

Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks is named after two of the most prolific comet observers of all time.

French astronomer Jean-Louis Pons (1761–1831) made most of his discoveries using telescopes and lenses of his own design. Pons is noted today for making 37 visual comet discoveries between 1801 and 1827 – a record still held today.

One of his discoveries was made on 12 July 1812, when Pons spotted a dim object that initially lacked the iconic tail of a comet.

Over the next month, the comet became bright enough to be seen with the naked eye. It reached its peak brightness on 15 August that year and featured a distinct tail.

Astronomers calculated the orbit of the comet based on Pons’ observations and suggested that the new comet had an orbital period around the Sun of between 65 and 75 years.

British-American astronomer William R. Brooks (1844–1921) accidently verified these calculations during the comet’s next trip through the inner Solar System.

Sketches of Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks from 21-22 January 1884 by US astronomer Herbert Couper Wilson (1858-1940).

Brooks was also prolific: his 27 comet discoveries are second only to Pons’s. But it soon became apparent that the ‘new’ comet he spotted on 2 September 1883 was actually the same one discovered by his spiritual rival 71 years earlier.

Due to the dual nature of the discovery, comet 12P now bears the names of both astronomers.

12P/Pons-Brooks went on to become famous for the sudden outbursts of gas and dust observed during its approach to the Sun in 1883, 1954 and 2023. It is thought that records of bright objects in the night sky from China in 1385 and Italy in 1457 could be observations of 12P/Pons-Brooks.

Why are comets interesting?

Comets are ancient cosmic icebergs. They are roughly 4.6 billion years old and formed at the same time as the Sun, Earth and the other planets.

Gravitational interactions fling them towards the inner planets from out beyond the orbit of Neptune, making them some of the most chaotic and dynamically interesting objects in the Solar System.

A comet’s nucleus is typically between 1 and 50 km across with the structure of a dirty snowball. They are made of dust and ice, which partly goes from solid to gas when the comet is warmed by the Sun. Cometary and asteroid impacts may be responsible for a fraction of the water present on Earth and for the icy reservoirs that are thought to exist at the bottom of permanently shadowed craters on the Moon.

The defining characteristic of a comet is its tails. Tails come in two main types, a dust tail and an ion (or plasma) tail. When sunlight warms the ice on a comet, gas and dust are released into space.

The dust falls into orbit around the comet and is gently pushed into fan-shaped tail by incoming sunlight.

The gas is ionised by ultraviolet sunlight and the particles of the solar wind, and these charged particles (ions) form a narrow ion tail that is pushed directly away from the Sun by the solar wind.

Comet tails are the reason for Earth’s annual meteor showers, during which Earth passes through clouds of dust left behind by comets.

Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks is a ‘near-Earth comet’, which means it orbits the Sun in less than 200 years and comes close enough to the Sun that it could cross Earth’s orbit. ESA’s Planetary Defence Office keeps a close eye on near-Earth comets to monitor any risk of collision.

Near-Earth comets are much rarer than near-Earth asteroids – their less icy cousins. We know of only 122 near-Earth comets, but of almost 35 000 near-Earth asteroids.

ESA missions to comets and asteroids

Seeing comets from afar can be beautiful, but to really get to know them, you have to study them up close.

ESA has developed and flown a number of spacecraft to comets and asteroids to improve our understanding of the formation and evolution of the Solar System, the role of these objects in delivering the ingredients of life to Earth, how comet activity works, and the risks these fast-moving space rocks pose to our planet.

Giotto

Giotto was ESA’s first deep-space mission. In 1986, it passed closest to the nucleus of comet Halley. Its images showed for the first time the shape of a comet nucleus and found the first evidence of organic material in a comet. In 1992, after a long cruise through space, Giotto was directed to Comet Grigg–Skjellerup, which it passed just 200 km from the nucleus.

Rosetta

Rosetta was the first spacecraft to rendezvous with a comet when it arrived at 67P/ Churyumov–Gerasimenko on 6 August 2014 and entered orbit around it. It was the first spacecraft to follow a comet on its journey around the Sun and measure the increase in activity as the icy surface warmed up. On 12 November 2024, Rosetta’s Philae probe became the first to land on the surface of a comet. On the way, it also flew by two asteroids, Steins and Lutetia.

Hera

Launching later this year, the Hera mission is part of the world’s first test of asteroid deflection. The main spacecraft and its two CubeSats will perform a detailed post-impact survey of the asteroid Dimorphos following the impact of NASA’s DART mission in September 2022. Hera will turn the grand-scale experiment into a well-understood and repeatable planetary defence technique.

Mission to Apophis

Meanwhile, ESA’s Planetary Defence Office is also considering a number of options for a mission to asteroid Apophis. In April 2029, Apophis will come closer to Earth than our geostationary satellites and will be visible to the naked eye. The trajectory of Apophis is very well known, and it poses no risk to Earth, but it offers a unique chance to study such a large asteroid up close and better prepare for one that is.

Comet Interceptor

Looking further ahead, ESA’s future Comet Interceptor will build on the findings of Giotto and Rosetta. Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks is a returning comet that has made a number of previous appearances over the centuries. Launching in 2029, the unique aspect of the Comet Interceptor mission is that it will target a newly discovered comet entering the inner Solar System for the first time. Such a ‘pristine’ comet would carry material unaltered since the formation of the planets.

Special mention: SOHO

While not a dedicated comet mission, no list of prolific comet observers would be complete without mentioning the ESA/NASA Solar Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). SOHO is used to monitor the unpredictable activity of the Sun, but previously undiscovered comets often pass through its field of view on the way to their fiery demise. While Pons and Brooks still hold the top spots for visual discoveries, we now spot most new comets using large telescopes either on Earth or on satellites in orbit. SOHO has spotted almost 5000 comets.

Source: European Space Agency

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[thecoinshop]

Great price on this 2002-P Louisiana State Quarter ONLY: $2.00 Released on May 20, 2002, this is the 18th coin released in the 50 State Quarters Program and the third released in 2002. Louisiana, admitted into the Union on April 30, 1812, themed the coin, Louisiana Purchase. Highlighted on the coin are an image of the pelican - Louisiana's state bird - a trumpet with musical notes, and the outline of the Louisiana Purchase territory. President William J. Clinton was in office when this legislation was signed. Three United States Mint Directors served under President Clinton's tenure; David J. Ryder of Idaho, Philip N. Diehl of Texas, and Jay W. Johnson of Wisconsin. https://www.thecoinshop.shop/state-commemorative-quarters/2002-p-louisiana-state-quarter View MORE State Commemorative Quarters https://www.thecoinshop.shop/state-commemorative-quarters StatehoodQuarters StateQuarterProgram statequarters

[cabaretkel]

All the shows I’ve seen in NYC!

The first time I ever set foot in New York City was in April 2011, ever since then NYC has been fueling my theatre obsession with some amazing shows, from musicals & plays to operas, concerts & cabarets. So I thought I would compile a list (to the best of my knowledge/memory) of all the shows I have seen in this wonderful city.

23/4/11 - Wonderland (musical)

27/4/11 - Il Trovatore (opera)

28/4/11 - How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying (musical)

29/4/11 - Orfeo ed Euridice (opera)

30/4/11 - The Addams Family (musical)

10/4/12 - Jesus Christ Superstar (musical)

11/4/12 - Anything Goes (musical)

11/4/12 - Manon (opera)

12/4/12 - Evita (musical)

13/4/12 - Die Walkure (opera)

14/4/12 - La Traviata (opera)

14/4/12 - A Midsummer Nights Dream (play)

15/4/12 - The Book of Mormon (musical)

15/4/12 - Godspell (musical)

2/1/13 - The Mystery of Edwin Drood (musical)

3/1/13 - Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (play)

4/1/13 - Bare (musical)

4/1/13 - Peter and the Starcatcher (play)

5/1/13 - Les Troyens (opera)

5/1/13 - The Barber of Seville (opera)

5/1/13 - Johnny Gallagher (concert)

6/1/13 - Golden Age (play)

6/1/13 - Annie (musical)

7/1/13 - Turandot (opera)

8/1/13 - Maria Stuarda (opera)

8/10/13 - Pippin (musical)

9/10/13 - The Glass Menagerie (play)

9/10/13 - Romeo & Juliet (play)

10/10/13 - Natasha, Pierre & the Great Comet of 1812 (immersive musical)

11/10/13 - Big Fish (musical)

12/10/13 - Eugene Onegin (opera)

13/10/13 - Kinky Boots (musical)

13/10/13 - Johnny Gallagher (concert)

14/10/13 - Norma (opera)

15/10/13 - First Date (musical)

15/10/13 - First Date at 54 Below (cabaret)

12/4/14 - The Realistic Jones (play)

12/4/14 - Speakeasy Dollhouse: The Bloody Beginning (immersive theatre)

12/4/14 - All The Way (play)

13/4/14 - Jasper in Deadland (musical)

13/4/14 - Queen of the Night (immersive theatre)

14/4/14 - Heathers (musical)

15/4/14 - Aladdin (musical)

16/4/14 - The Bridges of Madison County (musical)

16/4/14 - Les Miserables (musical)

17/4/14 - Newsies (musical)

17/4/14 - I Puritani (opera)

18/4/14 - Of Mice and Men (play)

19/4/14 - Arabella (opera)

19/4/14 - If/Then (musical)

20/4/14 - Reefer Madness (benefit concert)

20/4/14 - The Cripple of Inishmaan (play)

20/4/14 - Casa Valentina (play)

21/4/14 - Sleep No More (immersive theatre)

22/4/14 - Easter Bonnet Competition (benefit concert)

22/4/14 - Bullets Over Broadway (musical)

23/4/14 - Violet (musical)

23/4/14 - Cosi fan tutte (opera)

24/4/14 - Cinderella (musical)

24/4/14 - Hedwig and the Angry Inch (musical)

25/4/14 - Cabaret (musical)

20/2/15 - The Elephant Man (play)

20/2/15 - Hedwig and the Angry Inch (musical)

21/2/15 - A Month in the Country (play)

21/2/15 - Iolanta/Bluebeard’s Castle (opera)

22/2/15 - It’s Only a Play (play)

22/2/15 - Pretty Filthy (musical)

23/2/15 - Brooklynite (musical)

24/2/15 - Ghost Quartet (immersive musical)

25/2/15 - Honeymoon in Vegas (musical)

25/2/15 - La Donna del Lago (opera)

26/2/15 - Nevermore (musical)

26/2/15 - Into the Woods (musical)

27/2/15 - On the Twentieth Century (musical)

28/2/15 - One Day (musical)

28/2/15 - Les Contes d’Hoffmann (opera)

28/2/15 - Hedwig and the Angry Inch (musical)

1/3/15 - The Iceman Cometh (play)

1/3/15 - Hamilton (musical)

1/3/15 - Altar Boyz Reunion Concert at 54 Below (cabaret)

2/3/15 - The Dutch Courtesan (play)

2/3/15 - Replay: A Broadway Preview (cabaret)

3/3/15 - Constellations (play)

3/3/15 - This Will Be Our Year at 54 Below (cabaret)

4/3/15 - The Heidi Chronicles (play)

4/3/15 - Cabaret (musical)

5/3/15 - Big Love (play)

5/3/15 - A Very Very Rock Show at 54 Below (cabaret)

12/1/16 - Spring Awakening (musical)

13/1/16 - Fun Home (musical)

13/1/16 - Something Rotten! (musical)

14/1/16 - Lazarus (musical)

15/1/16 - School of Rock (musical)

16/1/16 - The Color Purple (musical)

16/1/16 - Hamilton (musical)

17/1/16 - Allegiance (musical)

17/1/16 - A Gentleman’s Guide to Love and Murder (musical)

18/1/16 - Johnny Gallagher & LAKES (concert)

18/1/16 - Spring Awakening (musical)

19/1/16 - Finding Neverland (musical)

20/1/16 - Fiddler on the Roof (musical)

20/1/16 - A View from the Bridge (play)

21/1/16 - The Phantom of the Opera (musical)

21/1/16 - Cavalleria Rusticana/Pagliacci (opera)

22-24/1/16 - BroadwayCon 2016 (convention)

25/1/17 - The Front Page (play)

25/1/17 - Roméo et Juliette (opera)

26/1/17 - The Strange Undoing of Prudencia Hart (immersive theatre)

27-29/1/17 - BroadwayCon 2017 (convention)

29/1/17 - Dear Evan Hansen (musical)

31/1/17 - In Transit (a cappella musical)

½/17 - Waitress (musical)

½/17 - Natasha, Pierre & the Great Comet of 1812 (musical)

2/2/17 - Sunset Boulevard (musical)

23/2/18 - Romeo & Juliet (ballet)

24/2/18 - The Band’s Visit (musical)

24/2/18 - Cruel Intentions (musical)

24/2/18 - Hello Dolly! (musical)

25/2/18 - Fire and Air (play)

25/2/18 - Sweeney Todd (musical)

28/2/18 - Anastasia (musical)

28/2/18 - Semiramide (opera)

1/3/18 - Elektra (opera)

2/3/18 - Carousel (musical)

3/3/18 - Farinelli and the King (play)

3/3/18 - Kings (play)

4/3/18 - Come From Away (musical)

4/3/18 - Lobby Hero (play)

5/3/18 - Once on this Island (musical)

6/3/18 - Angels in America: Millennium Approaches (play)

7/3/18 - Hamilton (musical)

7/3/18 - Angels in America: Perestroika (play)

8/3/18 - Frozen (musical)

3/1/19 - The Lifespan of a Fact (play)

4/1/19 - Adriana LeCouvreur (opera)

5/1/19 - The Ferryman (play)

5/1/19 - Mean Girls (musical)

6/1/19 - To Kill a Mockingbird (play)

6/1/19 - Clueless the Musical (musical)

9/1/19 - Pretty Woman (musical)

9/1/19 - Network (play)

10/1/19 - American Son (play)

11-12/1/19 - BroadwayCon 2019 (convention)

12/1/19 - The Prom (musical)

28/2/20 - Tina - The Tina Turner Musical (musical)

29/2/20 - Wicked (musical)

29/2/20 - Hadestown (musical)

1/3/20 - The Inheritance Pt 1 (play)

1/3/20 - The Inheritance Pt 2 (play)

2/3/20 - Der Fliegende Holländer (opera)

3/3/20 - Agrippina (opera)

4/3/20 - West Side Story (musical)

4/3/20 - Jagged Little Pill (musical)

5/3/20 - Company (musical)

6/3/20 - Beetlejuice (musical)

7/3/20 - Medea (play)

7/3/20 - Moulin Rouge (musical)

8/3/20 - Little Shop of Horrors (musical)

8/3/20 - LAKES (concert)

8/3/20 - Emojiland (musical)

11/2/23 - Kimberly Akimbo (musical)

11/2/23 - Pictures From Home (play)

12/2/23 - Leopoldstadt (play)

12/2/23 - Cornelia Street (musical)

13/2/23 - SIX (musical)

14/2/23 - Funny Girl (musical)

18/2/23 - A Beautiful Noise (musical)

18/2/23 - Bad Cinderella (musical)

19/2/23 - Some Like It Hot (musical)

19/2/23 - & Juliet (musical)

20/2/23 - Without You (musical/cabaret)

21/2/23 - Parade (musical)

18/10/23 - Back to the Future (musical)

19/10/23 - The Great Gatsby (musical)

19/10/23 - Here Lies Love (musical)

20/2/23 - Gutenberg! The Musical! (musical)

21/10/23 - Harmony (musical)

21/10/23 - Here We Are (musical)

22/10/23 - The Shark is Broken (play)

22/10/23 - Purlie Victorious (play)

23/10/23 - Chicago (musical)

24/10/23 - Merrily We Roll along (musical)

Unfortunately the following shows were Covid cancelled:

12/3/20 - Flying Over Sunset (musical)

13/3/20 - Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf (play)

14/3/20 - Mrs Doubtfire (musical)

14/3/20 - SIX (musical)

I've also had a couple of snow cancellations - The Hunchback of Notre Dame & possibly one other show I can't recall...

There have also been numerous 'shuttering early' cancellations, which I won't bother listing.

That’s the list so far. Obviously there will be more to come… stay tuned! (Shows booked so far for 2024: Cabaret, Sweeney Todd, The Who's TOMMY, The Hours & Water For Elephants)