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automotiveera · 1 year

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China's Green Revolution: Exploring the Electric Bus Market

On account of its high level of industrialization and vast population, China is the largest greenhouse gas (GHG) emitter in the world. As per the International Energy Agency (IEA), “…the emissions growth in 2018 was largely driven by non-OECD countries, led by China and India.”, reflecting why the country is now trying to bring a major reduction in these emissions. As a result of the continued government efforts, China has also become one of the largest producers and consumers of renewable energy!

Consistent with its efforts to clean up the country’s air, the People’s government has been offering strong support to electric vehicles (EVs) for quite some time. This is why P&S Intelligence says that the Chinese electric bus market will see176.4 thousand unit sales in 2025 compared to 104.3 thousand units in 2017, with the number increasing at an 8.6% CAGR between 2018 and 2025 (forecast period). China is already the largest EV user in the world, with the IEA saying in the context of electric buses for 2019 that “About half a million electric buses are in circulation, most of which are in China.”

Even though China has reduced EV subsidies, the Chinese electric bus market is unlikely to witness any major impact, as most of the buses are run by government agencies, for whom subsidies do not matter anyway. In addition, the sale of electric buses is expected to pick up faster than those of electric cars and two-wheelers, as, compared to millions of individual vehicle owners, merely hundreds of commercial vehicle fleet owners have to be convinced to switch to electric mobility.

Get More details China Electric Bus Market Business Opportunities

Another key driving factor for the Chinese electric bus market is the constant decrease in the price of the battery. Between 2012 and 2016, the purchase price for large lithium-ion battery orders dropped from $540 per kilowatt-hour (kWh) to $140/kWh. Since the battery cost accounts for almost 40% of the entire bus’s, this decline will be vital for increasing the latter’s adoption in China. Additionally, as battery companies increase their production capacity and achieve economies of scale, they will be able to further reduce the price of such components.

Among plug-in hybrid electric buses (PHEB), battery electric buses (BEB), and hybrid electric buses (HEB), BEBs are the most popular in the country. Because they only have an electric motor for propulsion, they are operationally emission-free, therefore receive the strongest support from the government. These buses can be powered by numerous types of batteries, such as lithium–iron phosphate (LFP) and lithium–nickel–manganese–cobalt oxide (NMC). Of these, the NMC chemistry is rapidly becoming preferred among electric bus manufacturers and customers, as it offers a higher energy density and has a lower self-discharge rate.

#China Electric Bus Market #China Electric Bus Market Size #China electric bus market Share #China Electric Bus Market Growth #China Electric Bus Market Outlook

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cognitivejustice · 12 days

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In 2009, the City of São Paulo made history by passing the Municipal Policy for Climate Change, making it the first city in Brazil to pass such legislation. Since then, this 12 million-people megacity has emerged as a shining example of dedication and progress towards sustainability. Central to this effort is São Paulo’s Action Plan for the Agenda 2030, comprising over 600 actions towards achieving the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Last February, the City of São Paulo declared the acquisition of 32 private green areas as a public utility. Combined, they encompass 16,531 hectares, representing 11 percent of São Paulo’s territory, equivalent to the size of Paris or 15,500 football fields

Brazil ranks second globally in bus fleet electrification, only behind China, with São Paulo boasting the largest fleet of electric buses in Latin America.

Cultivating food security and urban farming

The Fight Food Waste and Loss Program collects surplus fruits and vegetables, preventing disposal from free fairs and municipal markets. Similarly, the city’s food bank buys fresh produce from family urban farms and redistributes surplus food from retail chains to registered assistance entities. This year, 321 tons of products have been delivered.

The city also has established programmes that offer essential goods at 50 percent lower prices for low-income residents. Other programmes provide free or very inexpensive meals for vulnerable communities, totalling over 2 million meals served in 2023.

Recognising urban agriculture’s multifaceted benefits, the SAMPA+RURAL Program aims to establish 400 urban farms and five school greenhouses by 2024. The programme’s online platform hosts over 2,600 initiatives, allowing citizens to discover local farmers and access eco-tourism options. São Paulo is thus creating a sustainability hub, fostering rural and urban agricultural development while promoting healthy living.

#solarpunk #solar punk #community #urban greening #urban farming #urban renewal #sao paulo #brazil

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ladybugmeat · 2 years

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15:05 – London Low Line

The rain falls in thin, translucent sheets. The smell of a Quarter Pounder, of sesame oil and tallow, is transported down the street in brown paper bags. The air is fat with the image of patties on a hot plate and the primitive urge to turn into the warm, yellow outlet. At the restaurant front, a young girl sits beside a life-sized doll, still boxed. Both don pigtails. She feeds the doll and then herself. The McDonald’s arches flash reflections about the wet – dictated by the light and movement in the street. Once in a puddle, flash, then in the book shop window, flash, superimposed over the upper deck of the 188. The yellow arches zoetrope over an approaching taxi, the opening door.

15:14

Like pound coins, the discard of bottle caps shine amongst the shrubbery bed of a five-story estate. The hinge along a corridor of bin storage doors swings open – Number 13, a single mottled mattress, a nest of coats. A man saunters out between cars, yelling a corridor of expletives. His teeth jar like a series of muddied castle battlements.

15:16

Cross Bones Graveyard, a post-medieval burial ground on Redcross Way. The gate is weighted with weather-worn trinkets, ribbons, and bug-eyed soft toys. The shrine lies a mile from the Shard – its needlepoint obscured in cloud. The bodies of 15,000 prostitutes, paupers, single mothers, suicides, and lost children lie beneath the cement. Denied a Christian burial, the outcasts were piled upon a former plague pit.

15:17

“Individual 99”

This is a replica of a 16-year-old girl’s skull. It was the 99th skeleton found at Crossbones. The hole in her skull was caused by third stage syphilis. Third stage syphilis only occurs after 8-10 years of continually sexually contracting syphilis.

The bronze-cast skull shows an opening as large as my hand. The eye sockets collect with rain.

The quiet corners sit with cross-legged plastic skeletons, pallid-faced Marys praying, fake flowers burying themselves in the earth. A rusted studded wristband lies amongst the coppers of funeral garb. A browned pipe leans against a flock of china geese. The ‘Winchester Geese’, the derisive name given to the brothel (stew) workers, were licensed, and taxed under the Bishop’s religious ordinance. Geese – birds that flaunt their white chests to mate.