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lalsingh228-blog · 2 years ago

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Achiote Powder Market is Set To Fly High in Years to Come

Advance Market Analytics added research publication document on Worldwide Achiote Powder Market breaking major business segments and highlighting wider level geographies to get deep dive analysis on market data. The study is a perfect balance bridging both qualitative and quantitative information of Worldwide Achiote Powder market. The study provides valuable market size data for historical (Volume** & Value) from 2018 to 2022 which is estimated and forecasted till 2028*. Some are the key & emerging players that are part of coverage and have being profiled are Amerilure Inc. (United States), Kalsec Inc. (United States), Sensient Technologies Corporation (United States), D.D. Williamson & Co. Inc. (United States), Givaudan SA (Switzwerland), Chr. Hansen Holding A/S Denmark), Dairy Connections Inc. (United States), Archer Daniels Midland Company (United States), Aica Color Sac (Peru), Dohler Group (Germany). Get free access to Sample Report in PDF Version along with Graphs and Figures @ https://www.advancemarketanalytics.com/sample-report/174074-global-achiote-powder-market

Achiote powder is extracted from the seeds of Bixa Orellana, commonly known as annatto. Achiote is traditionally being used for spices, food color, and medicinal purposes,s and as a commercial dye. Achiote powder is one of the used food dyes in the food and beverage industry because of its economic importance. Itâ€™s used in dairy products like cheddar, and Colby cheeses to impart color. Oil can also be extracted from achiote and used in different dishes for giving them a nice color. Apart from seeds plant leaves have medicinal properties and also used in skin disease treatment. Achiote also finds application in the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. It’s used in the production of skincare products especially those that involve the use of natural ingredients.

Keep yourself up-to-date with latest market trends and changing dynamics due to COVID Impact and Economic Slowdown globally. Maintain a competitive edge by sizing up with available business opportunity in Achiote Powder Market various segments and emerging territory. Influencing Market Trend

Increasing Emphasis on Ayurveda Medicines, Natural Dyes, and Natural Food Colorants

Market Drivers

Rising Demand For Natural Colorants Products Due To Rising Regulations On Uses Of Synthetic Color Agents In Food And Other Materials By Various Governments

Growing Health Consciousness in Consumers and Rising Market Demand For Natural Products Based Cosmetics And Pharmaceutical Products

Opportunities:

Growth in the Natural and Plant-Based Industry to Serve Changing Consumer Preferences for Personal Care Products

Growing Research and Development in Plant Medicines Sector

Challenges:

Highly Sensitive To Environmental Factors Such As Temperature And Light

Have Any Questions Regarding Global Achiote Powder Market Report, Ask Our Experts@ https://www.advancemarketanalytics.com/enquiry-before-buy/174074-global-achiote-powder-market Analysis by Type (Bixin, Norbixin), Application (Food Industry, Cosmetics Industry, Pharmaceuticals, Natural Fabric Industry, Others), Nature (Organic, Conventional), Solubility (Oil-Soluble, Water Soluble), Sales Channel (Direct, Indirect)

Competitive landscape highlighting important parameters that players are gaining along with the Market Development/evolution

• % Market Share, Segment Revenue, Swot Analysis for each profiled company [Amerilure Inc. (United States), Kalsec Inc. (United States), Sensient Technologies Corporation (United States), D.D. Williamson & Co. Inc. (United States), Givaudan SA (Switzwerland), Chr. Hansen Holding A/S Denmark), Dairy Connections Inc. (United States), Archer Daniels Midland Company (United States), Aica Color Sac (Peru), Dohler Group (Germany)]

• Business overview and Product/Service classification

• Product/Service Matrix [Players by Product/Service comparative analysis]

• Recent Developments (Technology advancement, Product Launch or Expansion plan, Manufacturing and R&D etc)

• Consumption, Capacity & Production by Players The regional analysis of Global Achiote Powder Market is considered for the key regions such as Asia Pacific, North America, Europe, Latin America and Rest of the World. North America is the leading region across the world. Whereas, owing to rising no. of research activities in countries such as China, India, and Japan, Asia Pacific region is also expected to exhibit higher growth rate the forecast period 2023-2028. Annatto has been recognized as a safe food coloring product and condiment by various accredited food safety authorities such as European Food Safety Authority, U.S. Food & Drug Administration, and others.

Table of Content Chapter One: Industry Overview Chapter Two: Major Segmentation (Classification, Application and etc.) Analysis Chapter Three: Production Market Analysis Chapter Four: Sales Market Analysis Chapter Five: Consumption Market Analysis Chapter Six: Production, Sales and Consumption Market Comparison Analysis Chapter Seven: Major Manufacturers Production and Sales Market Comparison Analysis Chapter Eight: Competition Analysis by Players Chapter Nine: Marketing Channel Analysis Chapter Ten: New Project Investment Feasibility Analysis Chapter Eleven: Manufacturing Cost Analysis Chapter Twelve: Industrial Chain, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers Read Executive Summary and Detailed Index of full Research Study @ https://www.advancemarketanalytics.com/reports/174074-global-achiote-powder-market Highlights of the Report • The future prospects of the global Achiote Powder market during the forecast period 2023-2028 are given in the report. • The major developmental strategies integrated by the leading players to sustain a competitive market position in the market are included in the report. • The emerging technologies that are driving the growth of the market are highlighted in the report. • The market value of the segments that are leading the market and the sub-segments are mentioned in the report. • The report studies the leading manufacturers and other players entering the global Achiote Powder market. Thanks for reading this article; you can also get individual chapter wise section or region wise report version like North America, Middle East, Africa, Europe or LATAM, Southeast Asia. Contact US : Craig Francis (PR & Marketing Manager) AMA Research & Media LLP Unit No. 429, Parsonage Road Edison, NJ New Jersey USA – 08837 Phone: +1 201 565 3262, +44 161 818 8166

#Global Achiote Powder Market #Achiote Powder Market Demand #Achiote Powder Market Trends #Achiote Powder Market Analysis #Achiote Powder Market Growth #Achiote Powder Market Share #Achiote Powder Market Forecast #Achiote Powder Market Challenges

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marutifinechemicals · 2 years ago

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The Ultimate Guide to Hydrochloric Acid LR Grade

In the realm of chemical substances, precision and quality are paramount. Industries that rely on chemical processes demand products of the highest purity to ensure optimal results and safety. Hydrochloric Acid LR Grade and Chlorosulfonic Acid 98% stand as exemplars of such precision, playing crucial roles in various industrial applications. In this blog, we delve into the distinctive characteristics, applications, and the pricing dynamics of these chemicals, with a spotlight on Maruti Fine Chemicals, a prominent player in the chemical manufacturing landscape.

Hydrochloric Acid LR Grade: Unveiling Purity

Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) is a versatile chemical with a multitude of applications, ranging from industrial processes to laboratory use. The LR Grade, or Laboratory Reagent Grade, is a classification that signifies a high level of purity, making it suitable for laboratory applications where precision is paramount.

Applications of Hydrochloric Acid LR Grade

Laboratory Experiments:

Hydrochloric Acid LR Grade finds extensive use in laboratories for various experiments, particularly in analytical chemistry. Its purity ensures that it does not introduce unwanted contaminants into the samples being analyzed.

Chemical Synthesis:

In chemical synthesis, Hydrochloric Acid LR Grade serves as a key reagent. Its high purity makes it an ideal choice for reactions where the presence of impurities could compromise the outcome.

Metal Cleaning and Etching:

Industries involved in metal cleaning and etching processes rely on Hydrochloric Acid LR Grade to remove oxides and scale from metal surfaces effectively.

PH Regulation:

The controlled concentration of Hydrochloric Acid LR Grade makes it a popular choice for adjusting the pH levels in various solutions, contributing to precise control over chemical processes. Chlorosulfonic Acid 98%: Power Unleashed

Chlorosulfonic Acid (HSO3Cl), with a concentration of 98%, is a potent chemical with a wide range of applications. Known for its strong acidic properties, this chemical is a formidable player in industries where high reactivity and selectivity are crucial.

Applications of Chlorosulfonic Acid 98%

Sulfonation Reactions:

Chlorosulfonic Acid 98% is a key reagent in sulfonation reactions, a process used to introduce sulfonic acid groups into organic compounds. This is particularly important in the synthesis of detergents, dyes, and pharmaceuticals.

Polymerization:

In polymerization processes, Chlorosulfonic Acid 98% acts as a catalyst, facilitating the formation of polymers with specific properties. This is instrumental in the production of various plastics and synthetic materials.

Esterification:

The acid-catalyzed esterification reactions benefit from the strong acidic nature of Chlorosulfonic Acid 98%, making it a valuable tool in the synthesis of esters for fragrance and flavor applications.

Dye Manufacturing:

Dye synthesis often involves the use of Chlorosulfonic Acid 98% due to its ability to introduce sulfonic acid groups into dye molecules, enhancing their solubility and color properties.

Maruti Fine Chemicals: A Beacon of Quality

As consumers and industries seek reliable sources for these critical chemicals, Maruti Fine Chemicals emerges as a beacon of quality and consistency. Specializing in the production of Hydrochloric Acid LR Grade and Chlorosulfonic Acid 98%, Maruti Fine Chemicals has positioned itself as a trusted supplier in the chemical manufacturing landscape.

Commitment to Quality:

Customized Solutions:

Recognizing the diverse needs of their clientele, Maruti Fine Chemicals offers customized solutions to cater to specific requirements. Whether it’s a particular concentration or a unique packaging demand, the company is committed to meeting the individualized needs of its customers. Pricing Dynamics: Hydrochloric Acid LR Grade and Chlorosulfonic Acid 98%

The pricing of Hydrochloric Acid LR Grade and Chlorosulfonic Acid 98% is influenced by various factors, reflecting the intricacies of the chemical manufacturing landscape.

Raw Material Costs:

The cost of raw materials, particularly the base chemicals used in the production process, plays a significant role in determining the final price of Hydrochloric Acid LR Grade and Chlorosulfonic Acid 98%. Fluctuations in the prices of these raw materials can impact the overall cost structure.

Quality Control Measures:

Companies that invest in stringent quality control measures, such as Maruti Fine Chemicals, often reflect this commitment in their pricing. The assurance of high purity and reliability comes with a cost, as it involves advanced production processes and quality testing.

Market Demand and Supply:

Like any other commodity, the principles of supply and demand influence the pricing of Hydrochloric Acid LR Grade and Chlorosulfonic Acid 98% price. Increased demand or limited supply can lead to price fluctuations in the market.

Packaging and Logistics:

The choice of packaging and the logistics involved in transporting these chemicals also contribute to their final price. Companies that offer flexible packaging options and efficient logistics solutions may be able to provide cost-effective offerings.

Conclusion

In the intricate world of chemical manufacturing, Hydrochloric Acid LR Grade and Chlorosulfonic Acid 98% stand out as indispensable players, each with its unique characteristics and applications. Maruti Fine Chemicals, with its unwavering commitment to quality and customized solutions, reinforces the importance of reliability in the chemical supply chain.

As industries continue to advance and demand higher standards, the role of chemical manufacturers becomes increasingly pivotal. Companies like Maruti Fine Chemicals, through their dedication to excellence, contribute to the progress of diverse industries that rely on the precision and purity of Hydrochloric Acid LR Grade and Chlorosulfonic Acid 98% price.

#chlorosulfonic acid #maruti fine chemicals #chemicals #fuming nitric acid

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textilelearner · 4 years ago

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Synthetic Dyes Used in Textile Industry

Synthetic Dyes Used in Textile Industry #dye #dyes #syntheticdye #syntheticdyes #dyeing #basicdye #reactivedye #dispersedye #azoicdye #vatdye #directdye #aciddye #sulphurdye #metalcomplexdye

Synthetic Dyes in Textiles Nikhil Yogesh Upadhye Department of Textiles (Textile Chemistry) DKTE’S Textile and Engineering Institute, Ichalkaranji, India Intern at Textile Learner Email: [email protected] Introduction Synthetic dyes started with the development of synthetic organic chemistry. The earliest artificial dyes to be prepared were picric acid by Woulfe and aurine by Runge. However,…

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#Characteristics of Textile Dyes #Classification of Synthetic Dyes #List of Synthetic Dyes Used in Textile Dyeing

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earthfaithlove · 5 years ago

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Ingredients to avoid!

One of the best ways to make your #home a #natural haven is to be aware of what ingredients to avoid in your #personalcare and #cleaning products. We’re exposed to #toxicchemicals every day, but you can reduce your exposure if you know what they are.

Unfortunately, it’s not enough to simply look for a “non-#toxic” or “natural” claim on the label. These claims aren’t regulated by the FDA, so you’ll have to be a label sleuth and learn how to identify iffy ingredients yourself.

You’ll want to avoid these questionable #chemicals:

• Triclosan: An Endocrine disruptor that can cause antibiotic resistance and is linked to increased allergen sensitivity and disruption of thyroid function even at low levels. Found in: liquid soap, bar soap, toothpaste, and antiperspirants

• DEA-related ingredients: Emulsifiers or foaming agents that may be carcinogens. Found in: creamy or foaming products, such as moisturizers and shampoos

• Phthalates (DBP, DEHP, DEP and others): A class of plasticizing chemicals used to make products more pliable or to make fragrances linger longer. Phthalates disrupt the endocrine system and may cause birth defects. Found in: synthetic fragrance and fragranced household products

• Parabens (methyl-, isobutyl-, propyl- and others): Preservatives commonly used to prevent the growth of bacteria and mold. They’re Endocrine disruptors and may alter hormone mechanisms and interfere with male reproduction. Found in: shampoo, face cleanser, body wash, body lotion, and foundation

• Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLS and SLES): SLS and SLES are surfactants that create bubbles and foam in soaps, shampoos, and toothpastes. They can cause skin irritation, trigger allergies, and disrupt hormones and are linked to neurotoxicity. SLES is often contaminated with 1,4-dioxane. Found in: soap, shampoo, and body wash

• MIT (methylisothiazolinone) and BIT (benzisothiazolinone): Known skin irritants that are considered neurotoxic. They’re antibacterial ingredients that are EPA-registered pesticides and used as preservatives. Found in: personal care products

• Phenoxyethanol: A common preservative considered to be an endocrine disruptor, neurotoxin, and skin and eye irritant. Found in: many “non-toxic” cleaning products

• Quaternary ammonium compounds, or “quats”: Chemicals associated with asthma and reduced fertility, as well as birth defects in animals. Found in: antibacterial cleaning supplies, disinfecting air fresheners, and fabric softeners

• Polyethylene glycol (PEG compounds): Can be contaminated with 1,4-dioxane which may be a carcinogen. Found in: soaps, creams, sunscreen, and shampoos

• Parfum/Fragrance: Synthetic fragrances that have been linked to asthma, allergies, skin irritation, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, obesity, cancer, nervous system, respiratory, and endocrine disruption. Fragrances may contain any combination of 3,000-plus chemical ingredients. Companies don’t have to disclose the fragrance formula because it is protected under federal law’s classification of trade secrets.

In addition to these chemicals, you should look out for warnings and claims that might indicate a product is harmful to your health.

Be wary of products with these on the label:

❌ Directions that require a mask or ventilation while using the product

❌ Instructions for hazardous waste disposal. If you can’t throw them in your garbage, do you want them all over your house? The fact that the EPA classifies oven cleaners, drain cleaners, wood and metal cleaners, polishes, toilet cleaners, tile tub and shower cleaners, and laundry bleach as hazardous waste is one reason you should eliminate them from your home.

❌ A “combustible” or “flammable” warning

❌ An “unscented” or “free and clear” claim on the label. Unscented products can contain masking agents that are added to simply cover up fragrance with another toxic chemical. Always look for an ingredient list and not just the unscented claim.

So what products CAN you use? When you’re looking for effective, naturally derived, plant-based products for the entire home, Young Living has you covered.

Our Thieves® product line offers healthy alternatives for all your home and cleaning needs! We have everything from hand soap to laundry detergent. You can feel confident knowing Thieves products are free from harsh chemicals and infused with the powerful Thieves essential oil blend.

The Thieves product line is formulated without SLS, parabens, phthalates, triclosan, dyes, phosphates, synthetic ingredients, fluoride, preservatives, perfumes, and formaldehyde.

Tag a friend who has been thinking about making the switch to natural, clean products!

#green #clean #natural #nontoxic #youngliving #essentialoils

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cleverwordsandotherstuffilike · 6 years ago

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Inventions

Adrenaline: (isolation of) John Jacob Abel, U.S., 1897.

Aerosol can: Erik Rotheim, Norway, 1926.

Air brake: George Westinghouse, U.S., 1868.

Air conditioning: Willis Carrier, U.S., 1911.

Airship: (non-rigid) Henri Giffard, France, 1852; (rigid) Ferdinand von Zeppelin, Germany, 1900.

Aluminum manufacture: (by electrolytic action) Charles M. Hall, U.S., 1866.

Anatomy, human: (De fabrica corporis humani, an illustrated systematic study of the human body) Andreas Vesalius, Belgium, 1543; (comparative: parts of an organism are correlated to the functioning whole) Georges Cuvier, France, 1799–1805.

Anesthetic: (first use of anesthetic—ether—on humans) Crawford W. Long, U.S., 1842.

Antibiotics: (first demonstration of antibiotic effect) Louis Pasteur, Jules-François Joubert, France, 1887; (discovery of penicillin, first modern antibiotic) Alexander Fleming, England, 1928; (penicillin’s infection-fighting properties) Howard Florey, Ernst Chain, England, 1940.

Antiseptic: (surgery) Joseph Lister, England, 1867.

Antitoxin, diphtheria: Emil von Behring, Germany, 1890.

Appliances, electric: (fan) Schuyler Wheeler, U.S., 1882; (flatiron) Henry W. Seely, U.S., 1882; (stove) Hadaway, U.S., 1896; (washing machine) Alva Fisher, U.S., 1906.

Aqualung: Jacques-Yves Cousteau, Emile Gagnan, France, 1943.

Aspirin: Dr. Felix Hoffman, Germany, 1899.

Astronomical calculator: The Antikythera device, first century B.C., Greece. Found off island of Antikythera in 1900.

Atom: (nuclear model of) Ernest Rutherford, England, 1911.

Atomic theory: (ancient) Leucippus, Democritus, Greece, c. 500 B.C.; Lucretius, Rome c.100 B.C.; (modern) John Dalton, England, 1808.

Atomic structure: (formulated nuclear model of atom, Rutherford model) Ernest Rutherford, England, 1911; (proposed current concept of atomic structure, the Bohr model) Niels Bohr, Denmark, 1913.

Automobile: (first with internal combustion engine, 250 rpm) Karl Benz, Germany, 1885; (first with practical high-speed internal combustion engine, 900 rpm) Gottlieb Daimler, Germany, 1885; (first true automobile, not carriage with motor) René Panhard, Emile Lavassor, France, 1891; (carburetor, spray) Charles E. Duryea, U.S., 1892.

Autopilot: (for aircraft) Elmer A. Sperry, U.S., c.1910, first successful test, 1912, in a Curtiss flying boat.

Avogadro’s law: (equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules) Amedeo Avogadro, Italy, 1811.

Bacteria: Anton van Leeuwenhoek, The Netherlands, 1683.

Balloon, hot-air: Joseph and Jacques Montgolfier, France, 1783.

Barbed wire: (most popular) Joseph E. Glidden, U.S., 1873.

Bar codes: (computer-scanned binary signal code):

(retail trade use) Monarch Marking, U.S. 1970; (industrial use) Plessey Telecommunications, England, 1970.

Barometer: Evangelista Torricelli, Italy, 1643.

Bicycle: Karl D. von Sauerbronn, Germany, 1816; (first modern model) James Starley, England, 1884.

Big Bang theory: (the universe originated with a huge explosion) George LeMaitre, Belgium, 1927; (modified LeMaitre theory labeled “Big Bang”) George A. Gamow, U.S., 1948; (cosmic microwave background radiation discovered, confirms theory) Arno A. Penzias and Robert W. Wilson, U.S., 1965.

Blood, circulation of: William Harvey, England, 1628.

Boyle’s law: (relation between pressure and volume in gases) Robert Boyle, Ireland, 1662.

Braille: Louis Braille, France, 1829.

Bridges: (suspension, iron chains) James Finley, Pa., 1800; (wire suspension) Marc Seguin, Lyons, 1825; (truss) Ithiel Town, U.S., 1820.

Bullet: (conical) Claude Minié, France, 1849.

Calculating machine: (logarithms: made multiplying easier and thus calculators practical) John Napier, Scotland, 1614; (slide rule) William Oughtred, England, 1632; (digital calculator) Blaise Pascal, 1642; (multiplication machine) Gottfried Leibniz, Germany, 1671; (important 19th-century contributors to modern machine) Frank S. Baldwin, Jay R. Monroe, Dorr E. Felt, W. T. Ohdner, William Burroughs, all U.S.; (“analytical engine” design, included concepts of programming, taping) Charles Babbage, England, 1835.

Calculus: Isaac Newton, England, 1669; (differential calculus) Gottfried Leibniz, Germany, 1684.

Camera: (hand-held) George Eastman, U.S., 1888; (Polaroid Land) Edwin Land, U.S., 1948.

“Canals” of Mars:Giovanni Schiaparelli, Italy, 1877.

Carpet sweeper: Melville R. Bissell, U.S., 1876.

Car radio: William Lear, Elmer Wavering, U.S., 1929, manufactured by Galvin Manufacturing Co., “Motorola.”

Cells: (word used to describe microscopic examination of cork) Robert Hooke, England, 1665; (theory: cells are common structural and functional unit of all living organisms) Theodor Schwann, Matthias Schleiden, 1838–1839.

Cement, Portland: Joseph Aspdin, England, 1824.

Chewing gum: (spruce-based) John Curtis, U.S., 1848; (chicle-based) Thomas Adams, U.S., 1870.

Cholera bacterium: Robert Koch, Germany, 1883.

Circuit, integrated: (theoretical) G.W.A. Dummer, England, 1952; (phase-shift oscillator) Jack S. Kilby, Texas Instruments, U.S., 1959.

Classification of plants: (first modern, based on comparative study of forms) Andrea Cesalpino, Italy, 1583; (classification of plants and animals by genera and species) Carolus Linnaeus, Sweden, 1737–1753.

Clock, pendulum: Christian Huygens, The Netherlands, 1656.

Coca-Cola: John Pemberton, U.S., 1886.

Combustion: (nature of) Antoine Lavoisier, France, 1777.

Compact disk: RCA, U.S., 1972.

Computers: (first design of analytical engine) Charles Babbage, 1830s; (ENIAC, Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator, first all-electronic, completed) 1945; (dedicated at University of Pennsylvania) 1946; (UNIVAC, Universal Automatic Computer, handled both numeric and alphabetic data) 1951.

Concrete: (reinforced) Joseph Monier, France, 1877.

Condensed milk: Gail Borden, U.S., 1853.

Conditioned reflex: Ivan Pavlov, Russia, c.1910.

Conservation of electric charge: (the total electric charge of the universe or any closed system is constant) Benjamin Franklin, U.S., 1751–1754.

Contagion theory: (infectious diseases caused by living agent transmitted from person to person) Girolamo Fracastoro, Italy, 1546.

Continental drift theory: (geographer who pieced together continents into a single landmass on maps) Antonio Snider-Pellegrini, France, 1858; (first proposed in lecture) Frank Taylor, U.S.; (first comprehensive detailed theory) Alfred Wegener, Germany, 1912.

Contraceptive, oral: Gregory Pincus, Min Chuch Chang, John Rock, Carl Djerassi, U.S., 1951.

Converter, Bessemer: William Kelly, U.S., 1851.

Cosmetics: Egypt, c. 4000 B.C.

Cosamic string theory: (first postulated) Thomas Kibble, 1976.

Cotton gin: Eli Whitney, U.S., 1793.

Crossbow: China, c. 300 B.C.

Cyclotron: Ernest O. Lawrence, U.S., 1931.

Deuterium: (heavy hydrogen) Harold Urey, U.S., 1931.

Disease: (chemicals in treatment of) crusaded by Philippus Paracelsus, 1527–1541; (germ theory) Louis Pasteur, France, 1862–1877.

DNA: (deoxyribonucleic acid) Friedrich Meischer, Germany, 1869; (determination of double-helical structure) Rosalind Elsie Franklin, F. H. Crick, England, James D. Watson, U.S., 1953.

Dye: (aniline, start of synthetic dye industry) William H. Perkin, England, 1856.

Dynamite: Alfred Nobel, Sweden, 1867.

Electric cooking utensil: (first) patented by St. George Lane-Fox, England, 1874.

Electric generator (dynamo): (laboratory model) Michael Faraday, England, 1832; Joseph Henry, U.S., c.1832; (hand-driven model) Hippolyte Pixii, France, 1833; (alternating-current generator) Nikola Tesla, U.S., 1892.

Electric lamp: (arc lamp) Sir Humphrey Davy, England, 1801; (fluorescent lamp) A.E. Becquerel, France, 1867; (incandescent lamp) Sir Joseph Swann, England, Thomas A. Edison, U.S., contemporaneously, 1870s; (carbon arc street lamp) Charles F. Brush, U.S., 1879; (first widely marketed incandescent lamp) Thomas A. Edison, U.S., 1879; (mercury vapor lamp) Peter Cooper Hewitt, U.S., 1903; (neon lamp) Georges Claude, France, 1911; (tungsten filament) Irving Langmuir, U.S., 1915.

Electrocardiography: Demonstrated by Augustus Waller, 1887; (first practical device for recording activity of heart) Willem Einthoven, 1903, Dutch physiologist.

Electromagnet: William Sturgeon, England, 1823.

Electron: Sir Joseph J. Thompson, England, 1897.

Elevator, passenger: (safety device permitting use by passengers) Elisha G. Otis, U.S., 1852; (elevator utilizing safety device) 1857.

E = mc2: (equivalence of mass and energy) Albert Einstein, Switzerland, 1907.

Engine, internal combustion: No single inventor. Fundamental theory established by Sadi Carnot, France, 1824; (two-stroke) Etienne Lenoir, France, 1860; (ideal operating cycle for four-stroke) Alphonse Beau de Roche, France, 1862; (operating four-stroke) Nikolaus Otto, Germany, 1876; (diesel) Rudolf Diesel, Germany, 1892; (rotary) Felix Wankel, Germany, 1956.

Evolution: (organic) Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, France, 1809; (by natural selection) Charles Darwin, England, 1859.

Exclusion principle: (no two electrons in an atom can occupy the same energy level) Wolfgang Pauli, Germany, 1925.

Expanding universe theory: (first proposed) George LeMaitre, Belgium, 1927; (discovered first direct evidence that the universe is expanding) Edwin P. Hubble, U.S., 1929; (Hubble constant: a measure of the rate at which the universe is expanding) Edwin P. Hubble, U.S., 1929.

Falling bodies, law of: Galileo Galilei, Italy, 1590.

Fermentation: (microorganisms as cause of) Louis Pasteur, France, c.1860.

Fiber optics: Narinder Kapany, England, 1955.

Fibers, man-made: (nitrocellulose fibers treated to change flammable nitrocellulose to harmless cellulose, precursor of rayon) Sir Joseph Swann, England, 1883; (rayon) Count Hilaire de Chardonnet, France, 1889; (Celanese) Henry and Camille Dreyfuss, U.S., England, 1921; (research on polyesters and polyamides, basis for modern man-made fibers) U.S., England, Germany, 1930s; (nylon) Wallace H. Carothers, U.S., 1935.

Frozen food: Clarence Birdseye, U.S., 1924.

Gene transfer: (human) Steven Rosenberg, R. Michael Blaese, W. French Anderson, U.S., 1989.

Geometry, elements of: Euclid, Alexandria, Egypt, c. 300 B.C.; (analytic) René Descartes, France; and Pierre de Fermat, Switzerland, 1637.

Gravitation, law of: Sir Isaac Newton, England, c.1665 (published 1687).

Gunpowder: China, c.700.

Gyrocompass: Elmer A. Sperry, U.S., 1905.

Gyroscope: Léon Foucault, France, 1852.

Halley’s Comet: Edmund Halley, England, 1705.

Heart implanted in human, permanent artificial:Dr. Robert Jarvik, U.S., 1982.

Heart, temporary artificial: Willem Kolft, 1957.

Helicopter: (double rotor) Heinrich Focke, Germany, 1936; (single rotor) Igor Sikorsky, U.S., 1939.

Helium first observed on sun: Sir Joseph Lockyer, England, 1868.

Heredity, laws of: Gregor Mendel, Austria, 1865.

Holograph: Dennis Gabor, England, 1947.

Home videotape systems (VCR): (Betamax) Sony, Japan, 1975; (VHS) Matsushita, Japan, 1975.

Ice age theory: Louis Agassiz, Swiss-American, 1840.

Induction, electric: Joseph Henry, U.S., 1828.

Insulin: (first isolated) Sir Frederick G. Banting and Charles H. Best, Canada, 1921; (discovery first published) Banting and Best, 1922; (Nobel Prize awarded for purification for use in humans) John Macleod and Banting, 1923; (first synthesized), China, 1966.

Intelligence testing: Alfred Binet, Theodore Simon, France, 1905.

Interferon: Alick Isaacs, Jean Lindemann, England, Switzerland, 1957.

Isotopes: (concept of) Frederick Soddy, England, 1912; (stable isotopes) J. J. Thompson, England, 1913; (existence demonstrated by mass spectrography) Francis W. Ashton, 1919.

Jet propulsion: (engine) Sir Frank Whittle, England, Hans von Ohain, Germany, 1936; (aircraft) Heinkel He 178, 1939.

Kinetic theory of gases: (molecules of a gas are in a state of rapid motion) Daniel Bernoulli, Switzerland, 1738.

Laser: (theoretical work on) Charles H. Townes, Arthur L. Schawlow, U.S., N. Basov, A. Prokhorov, U.S.S.R., 1958; (first working model) T. H. Maiman, U.S., 1960.

Lawn mower: Edwin Budding, John Ferrabee, England, 1830–1831.

LCD (liquid crystal display): Hoffmann-La Roche, Switzerland, 1970.

Lens, bifocal: Benjamin Franklin, U.S., c.1760.

Leyden jar: (prototype electrical condenser) Canon E. G. von Kleist of Kamin, Pomerania, 1745; independently evolved by Cunaeus and P. van Musschenbroek, University of Leyden, Holland, 1746, from where name originated.

Light, nature of: (wave theory) Christian Huygens, The Netherlands, 1678; (electromagnetic theory) James Clerk Maxwell, England, 1873.

Light, speed of: (theory that light has finite velocity) Olaus Roemer, Denmark, 1675.

Lightning rod: Benjamin Franklin, U.S., 1752.

Locomotive: (steam powered) Richard Trevithick, England, 1804; (first practical, due to multiple-fire-tube boiler) George Stephenson, England, 1829; (largest steam-powered) Union Pacific’s “Big Boy,” U.S., 1941.

Lock, cylinder: Linus Yale, U.S., 1851.

Loom: (horizontal, two-beamed) Egypt, c. 4400 B.C.; (Jacquard drawloom, pattern controlled by punch cards) Jacques de Vaucanson, France, 1745, Joseph-Marie Jacquard, 1801; (flying shuttle) John Kay, England, 1733; (power-driven loom) Edmund Cartwright, England, 1785.

Machine gun: (hand-cranked multibarrel) Richard J. Gatling, U.S., 1862; (practical single barrel, belt-fed) Hiram S. Maxim, Anglo-American, 1884.

Magnet, Earth is: William Gilbert, England, 1600.

Match: (phosphorus) François Derosne, France, 1816; (friction) Charles Sauria, France, 1831; (safety) J. E. Lundstrom, Sweden, 1855.

Measles vaccine: John F. Enders, Thomas Peebles, U.S., 1953.

Metric system: revolutionary government of France, 1790–1801.

Microphone: Charles Wheatstone, England, 1827.

Microscope: (compound) Zacharias Janssen, The Netherlands, 1590; (electron) Vladimir Zworykin et al., U.S., Canada, Germany, 1932–1939.

Microwave oven: Percy Spencer, U.S., 1947.

Motion, laws of: Isaac Newton, England, 1687.

Motion pictures: Thomas A. Edison, U.S., 1893.

Motion pictures, sound: Product of various inventions. First picture with synchronized musical score: Don Juan, 1926; with spoken dialogue: The Jazz Singer, 1927; both Warner Bros.

Motor, electric: Michael Faraday, England, 1822; (alternating-current) Nikola Tesla, U.S., 1892.

Motorcycle: (motor tricycle) Edward Butler, England, 1884; (gasoline-engine motorcycle) Gottlieb Daimler, Germany, 1885.

Moving assembly line: Henry Ford, U.S., 1913.

Neptune: (discovery of) Johann Galle, Germany, 1846.

Neptunium: (first transuranic element, synthesis of) Edward M. McMillan, Philip H. Abelson, U.S., 1940.

Neutron: James Chadwick, England, 1932.

Neutron-induced radiation: Enrico Fermi et al., Italy, 1934.

Nitroglycerin: Ascanio Sobrero, Italy, 1846.

Nuclear fission: Otto Hahn, Fritz Strassmann, Germany, 1938.

Nuclear reactor: Enrico Fermi, Italy, et al., 1942.

Ohm’s law: (relationship between strength of electric current, electromotive force, and circuit resistance) Georg S. Ohm, Germany, 1827.

Oil well: Edwin L. Drake, U.S., 1859.

Oxygen: (isolation of) Joseph Priestley, 1774; Carl Scheele, 1773.

Ozone: Christian Schönbein, Germany, 1839.

Pacemaker: (internal) Clarence W. Lillehie, Earl Bakk, U.S., 1957.

Paper China, c.100 A.D.

Parachute: Louis S. Lenormand, France, 1783.

Pen: (fountain) Lewis E. Waterman, U.S., 1884; (ball-point, for marking on rough surfaces) John H. Loud, U.S., 1888; (ball-point, for handwriting) Lazlo Biro, Argentina, 1944.

Periodic law: (that properties of elements are functions of their atomic weights) Dmitri Mendeleev, Russia, 1869.

Periodic table: (arrangement of chemical elements based on periodic law) Dmitri Mendeleev, Russia, 1869.

Phonograph: Thomas A. Edison, U.S., 1877.

Photography: (first paper negative, first photograph, on metal) Joseph Nicéphore Niepce, France, 1816–1827; (discovery of fixative powers of hyposulfite of soda) Sir John Herschel, England, 1819; (first direct positive image on silver plate, the daguerreotype) Louis Daguerre, based on work with Niepce, France, 1839; (first paper negative from which a number of positive prints could be made) William Talbot, England, 1841. Work of these four men, taken together, forms basis for all modern photography. (First color images) Alexandre Becquerel, Claude Niepce de Saint-Victor, France, 1848–1860; (commercial color film with three emulsion layers, Kodachrome) U.S., 1935.

Photovoltaic effect: (light falling on certain materials can produce electricity) Edmund Becquerel, France, 1839.

Piano: (Hammerklavier) Bartolommeo Cristofori, Italy, 1709; (pianoforte with sustaining and damper pedals) John Broadwood, England, 1873.

Planetary motion, laws of: Johannes Kepler, Germany, 1609, 1619.

Plant respiration and photosynthesis: Jan Ingenhousz, Holland, 1779.

Plastics: (first material, nitrocellulose softened by vegetable oil, camphor, precursor to Celluloid) Alexander Parkes, England, 1855; (Celluloid, involving recognition of vital effect of camphor) John W. Hyatt, U.S., 1869; (Bakelite, first completely synthetic plastic) Leo H. Baekeland, U.S., 1910; (theoretical background of macromolecules and process of polymerization on which modern plastics industry rests) Hermann Staudinger, Germany, 1922.

Plate tectonics: Alfred Wegener, Germany, 1912–1915.

Plow, forked: Mesopotamia, before 3000 B.C.

Plutonium, synthesis of: Glenn T. Seaborg, Edwin M. McMillan, Arthur C. Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, U.S., 1941.

Polio, vaccine: (experimentally safe dead-virus vaccine) Jonas E. Salk, U.S., 1952; (effective large-scale field trials) 1954; (officially approved) 1955; (safe oral live-virus vaccine developed) Albert B. Sabin, U.S., 1954; (available in the U.S.) 1960.

Positron: Carl D. Anderson, U.S., 1932.

Pressure cooker: (early version) Denis Papin, France, 1679.

Printing: (block) Japan, c.700; (movable type) Korea, c.1400; Johann Gutenberg, Germany, c.1450 (lithography, offset) Aloys Senefelder, Germany, 1796; (rotary press) Richard Hoe, U.S., 1844; (linotype) Ottmar Mergenthaler, U.S., 1884.

Probability theory: René Descartes, France; and Pierre de Fermat, Switzerland, 1654.

Proton: Ernest Rutherford, England, 1919.

Prozac: (antidepressant fluoxetine) Bryan B. Malloy, Scotland, and Klaus K. Schmiegel, U.S., 1972; (released for use in U.S.) Eli Lilly & Company, 1987.

Psychoanalysis: Sigmund Freud, Austria, c.1904.

Pulsars: Antony Hewish and Jocelyn Bell Burnel, England, 1967.

Quantum theory: (general) Max Planck, Germany, 1900; (sub-atomic) Niels Bohr, Denmark, 1913; (quantum mechanics) Werner Heisenberg, Erwin Schrödinger, Germany, 1925.

Quarks: Jerome Friedman, Henry Kendall, Richard Taylor, U.S., 1967.

Quasars: Marten Schmidt, U.S., 1963.

Rabies immunization: Louis Pasteur, France, 1885.

Radar: (limited to one-mile range) Christian Hulsmeyer, Germany, 1904; (pulse modulation, used for measuring height of ionosphere) Gregory Breit, Merle Tuve, U.S., 1925; (first practical radar—radio detection and ranging) Sir Robert Watson-Watt, England, 1934–1935.

Radio: (electromagnetism, theory of) James Clerk Maxwell, England, 1873; (spark coil, generator of electromagnetic waves) Heinrich Hertz, Germany, 1886; (first practical system of wireless telegraphy) Guglielmo Marconi, Italy, 1895; (first long-distance telegraphic radio signal sent across the Atlantic) Marconi, 1901; (vacuum electron tube, basis for radio telephony) Sir John Fleming, England, 1904; (triode amplifying tube) Lee de Forest, U.S., 1906; (regenerative circuit, allowing long-distance sound reception) Edwin H. Armstrong, U.S., 1912; (frequency modulation—FM) Edwin H. Armstrong, U.S., 1933.

Radioactivity: (X-rays) Wilhelm K. Roentgen, Germany, 1895; (radioactivity of uranium) Henri Becquerel, France, 1896; (radioactive elements, radium and polonium in uranium ore) Marie Sklodowska-Curie, Pierre Curie, France, 1898; (classification of alpha and beta particle radiation) Pierre Curie, France, 1900; (gamma radiation) Paul-Ulrich Villard, France, 1900.

Radiocarbon dating, carbon-14 method: (discovered) 1947, Willard F. Libby, U.S.; (first demonstrated) U.S., 1950.

Radio signals, extraterrestrial: first known radio noise signals were received by U.S. engineer, Karl Jansky, originating from the Galactic Center, 1931.

Radio waves: (cosmic sources, led to radio astronomy) Karl Jansky, U.S., 1932.

Razor: (safety, successfully marketed) King Gillette, U.S., 1901; (electric) Jacob Schick, U.S., 1928, 1931.

Reaper: Cyrus McCormick, U.S., 1834.

Refrigerator: Alexander Twining, U.S., James Harrison, Australia, 1850; (first with a compressor device) the Domelse, Chicago, U.S., 1913.

Refrigerator ship: (first) the Frigorifique, cooling unit designed by Charles Teller, France, 1877.

Relativity: (special and general theories of) Albert Einstein, Switzerland, Germany, U.S., 1905–1953.

Revolver: Samuel Colt, U.S., 1835.

Richter scale: Charles F. Richter, U.S., 1935.

Rifle: (muzzle-loaded) Italy, Germany, c.1475; (breech-loaded) England, France, Germany, U.S., c.1866; (bolt-action) Paul von Mauser, Germany, 1889; (automatic) John Browning, U.S., 1918.

Rocket: (liquid-fueled) Robert Goddard, U.S., 1926.

Roller bearing: (wooden for cartwheel) Germany or France, c.100 B.C.

Rotation of Earth: Jean Bernard Foucault, France, 1851.

Royal Observatory, Greenwich: established in 1675 by Charles II of England; John Flamsteed first Astronomer Royal.

Rubber: (vulcanization process) Charles Goodyear, U.S., 1839.

Saccharin: Constantine Fuhlberg, Ira Remsen, U.S., 1879.

Safety pin: Walter Hunt, U.S., 1849.

Saturn, ring around: Christian Huygens, The Netherlands, 1659.

“Scotch” tape:Richard Drew, U.S., 1929.

Screw propeller: Sir Francis P. Smith, England, 1836; John Ericsson, England, worked independently of and simultaneously with Smith, 1837.

Seismograph: (first accurate) John Milne, England, 1880.

Sewing machine: Elias Howe, U.S., 1846; (continuous stitch) Isaac Singer, U.S., 1851.

Solar energy: First realistic application of solar energy using parabolic solar reflector to drive caloric engine on steam boiler, John Ericsson, U.S., 1860s.

Solar system, universe: (Sun-centered universe) Nicolaus Copernicus, Warsaw, 1543; (establishment of planetary orbits as elliptical) Johannes Kepler, Germany, 1609; (infinity of universe) Giordano Bruno, Italian monk, 1584.

Spectrum: (heterogeneity of light) Sir Isaac Newton, England, 1665–1666.

Spectrum analysis: Gustav Kirchhoff, Robert Bunsen, Germany, 1859.

Spermatozoa: Anton van Leeuwenhoek, The Netherlands, 1683.

Spinning: (spinning wheel) India, introduced to Europe in Middle Ages; (Saxony wheel, continuous spinning of wool or cotton yarn) England, c.1500–1600; (spinning jenny) James Hargreaves, England, 1764; (spinning frame) Sir Richard Arkwright, England, 1769; (spinning mule, completed mechanization of spinning, permitting production of yarn to keep up with demands of modern looms) Samuel Crompton, England, 1779.

Star catalog: (first modern) Tycho Brahe, Denmark, 1572.

Steam engine: (first commercial version based on principles of French physicist Denis Papin) Thomas Savery, England, 1639; (atmospheric steam engine) Thomas Newcomen, England, 1705; (steam engine for pumping water from collieries) Savery, Newcomen, 1725; (modern condensing, double acting) James Watt, England, 1782.

Steamship: Claude de Jouffroy d’Abbans, France, 1783; James Rumsey, U.S., 1787; John Fitch, U.S., 1790. All preceded Robert Fulton, U.S., 1807, credited with launching first commercially successful steamship.

Stethoscope: René Laënnec, France, 1819.

Sulfa drugs: (parent compound, para-aminobenzenesulfanomide) Paul Gelmo, Austria, 1908; (antibacterial activity) Gerhard Domagk, Germany, 1935.

Superconductivity: (theory) Bardeen, Cooper, Scheiffer, U.S., 1957.

Symbolic logic: George Boule, 1854; (modern) Bertrand Russell, Alfred North Whitehead, England, 1910–1913.

Tank, military: Sir Ernest Swinton, England, 1914.

Tape recorder: (magnetic steel tape) Valdemar Poulsen, Denmark, 1899.

Teflon: DuPont, U.S., 1943.

Telegraph: Samuel F. B. Morse, U.S., 1837.

Telephone: Alexander Graham Bell, U.S., 1876.

Telescope: Hans Lippershey, The Netherlands, 1608; (astronomical) Galileo Galilei, Italy, 1609; (reflecting) Isaac Newton, England, 1668.

Television: (Iconoscope–T.V. camera table), Vladimir Zworkin, U.S., 1923, and also kinescope (cathode ray tube), 1928; (mechanical disk-scanning method) successfully demonstrated by J.K. Baird, England, C.F. Jenkins, U.S., 1926; (first all-electric television image), 1927, Philo T. Farnsworth, U.S; (color, mechanical disk) Baird, 1928; (color, compatible with black and white) George Valensi, France, 1938; (color, sequential rotating filter) Peter Goldmark, U.S., first introduced, 1951; (color, compatible with black and white) commercially introduced in U.S., National Television Systems Committee, 1953.

Thermodynamics: (first law: energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another) Julius von Mayer, Germany, 1842; James Joule, England, 1843; (second law: heat cannot of itself pass from a colder to a warmer body) Rudolph Clausius, Germany, 1850; (third law: the entropy of ordered solids reaches zero at the absolute zero of temperature) Walter Nernst, Germany, 1918.

Thermometer: (open-column) Galileo Galilei, c.1593; (clinical) Santorio Santorio, Padua, c.1615; (mercury, also Fahrenheit scale) Gabriel D. Fahrenheit, Germany, 1714; (centigrade scale) Anders Celsius, Sweden, 1742; (absolute-temperature, or Kelvin, scale) William Thompson, Lord Kelvin, England, 1848.

Tire, pneumatic: Robert W. Thompson, England, 1845; (bicycle tire) John B. Dunlop, Northern Ireland, 1888.

Toilet, flush: Product of Minoan civilization, Crete, c. 2000 B.C. Alleged invention by “Thomas Crapper” is untrue.

Tractor: Benjamin Holt, U.S., 1900.

Transformer, electric: William Stanley, U.S., 1885.

Transistor: John Bardeen, Walter H. Brattain, William B. Shockley, U.S., 1947.

Tuberculosis bacterium: Robert Koch, Germany, 1882.

Typewriter: Christopher Sholes, Carlos Glidden, U.S., 1867.

Uncertainty principle: (that position and velocity of an object cannot both be measured exactly, at the same time) Werner Heisenberg, Germany, 1927.

Uranus: (first planet discovered in recorded history) William Herschel, England, 1781.

Vaccination: Edward Jenner, England, 1796.

Vacuum cleaner: (manually operated) Ives W. McGaffey, 1869; (electric) Hubert C. Booth, England, 1901; (upright) J. Murray Spangler, U.S., 1907.

Van Allen (radiation) Belt: (around Earth) James Van Allen, U.S., 1958.

Video disk: Philips Co., The Netherlands, 1972.

Vitamins: (hypothesis of disease deficiency) Sir F. G. Hopkins, Casimir Funk, England, 1912; (vitamin A) Elmer V. McCollum, M. Davis, U.S., 1912–1914; (vitamin B) McCollum, U.S., 1915–1916; (thiamin, B1) Casimir Funk, England, 1912; (riboflavin, B2) D. T. Smith, E. G. Hendrick, U.S., 1926; (niacin) Conrad Elvehjem, U.S., 1937; (B6) Paul Gyorgy, U.S., 1934; (vitamin C) C. A. Hoist, T. Froelich, Norway, 1912; (vitamin D) McCollum, U.S., 1922; (folic acid) Lucy Wills, England, 1933.

Voltaic pile: (forerunner of modern battery, first source of continuous electric current) Alessandro Volta, Italy, 1800.

Wallpaper: Europe, 16th and 17th century.

Wassermann test: (for syphilis) August von Wassermann, Germany, 1906.

Wheel: (cart, solid wood) Mesopotamia, c.3800–3600 B.C.

Windmill: Persia, c.600.

World Wide Web: (developed while working at CERN) Tim Berners-Lee, England, 1989; (development of Mosaic browser makes WWW available for general use) Marc Andreeson, U.S., 1993.

Xerography: Chester Carlson, U.S., 1938.

Zero: India, c.600; (absolute zero temperature, cessation of all molecular energy) William Thompson, Lord Kelvin, England, 1848.

Zipper: W. L. Judson, U.S., 1891.

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piperrsworld · 2 years ago

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What is the Commonly Said Heat Transfer Printing?

Heat transfer printing technology began to be put into production in some printing plants in the early 1970s. However, at this stage, most of the patterns of transfer printing paper are transferred to chemical fiber fabrics such as clothes, ready-made clothes, bags, or cut pieces. In the mid-1970s, transfer printing technology began to be put into continuous production like traditional printing. Due to the improvement of printing equipment, the quality of transfer printing base paper was correspondingly improved. Its machine printing paper production energy was generally 2000-3000 m / h.

Classification

Heat transfer printing is usually divided into heat melt transfer printing and heat sublimation transfer printing. Heat melt transfer printing is commonly used in all-cotton products. Thermal sublimation transfer printing is often used in polyester transfer printing, but its disadvantage is that the plate-making cost is high.

The sublimation method is commonly used in heat transfer printing. The principle is to transfer dispersed dyes to synthetic fibers such as polyester and fix them at high temperatures by using the sublimation characteristics of disperse dyes.

The specific process is to print the pattern on the paper with dispersed dye or ink through the roller or flat-screen after plate making, or the circular screen printing machine. Then, the transfer printing paper with patterns will be combined with the fabric through the transfer printing machine under the applicable temperature and pressure conditions. Through the physical and chemical action, the patterns on the paper will be sublimated and transferred to the fabric surface instantly, and at the same time, the patterns will diffuse and penetrate into the fiber's inner layer to be fixed. This is the process of heat transfer printing on polyester fabric.

Heat sublimation transfer printing can be divided into offset printing, gravure printing, silk screen printing, and data printing according to different printing methods.

Advantages and disadvantages

Compared with traditional processes, heat transfer printing has the following advantages:

Small floor space and short process flow;

Because of the use of dispersed dyes sublimation fixation properties can be completely hair color fixation;

It eliminates the post-treatment processes such as fixation and washing, thus eliminating the sewage problem. It is an environmentally friendly printing and dyeing method.

Because the dye absorption of transfer printing base paper is much less than that of direct printing on the fabric, the cost is relatively reduced.

The defects caused by complex color blending and pattern matching can be found when printing pattern paper and the defective pattern paper can be cut off before being transferred to the fabric, so as to ensure the genuine rate of the finished cloth after transfer printing.

Due to the minimum width and permeability of the base paper, the transfer printing cloth has clearer patterns, clearer layers, and more uniform colors. The strong stereoscopic effect, especially in the halftone effect.

Disadvantages:

It is suitable for small batch, multi-variety, and short delivery products.

There are limitations in the scope of fiber application. The transfer process requires high temperature and high pressure, so it is mainly used for chemical fiber fabrics, mainly polyester fiber. The disadvantage of heat transfer printing is that it is difficult to achieve satisfactory scale production on natural fiber fabrics.

Transfer paper requires a high and large amount.

Conditions affecting heat transfer printing

Transfer temperature

The temperature depends on the sublimation dyeing temperature of the dye, the heat resistance of the fiber, and the heat transfer time.

For disperse dyes used in heat transfer printing, the sublimation temperature should be lower than the melting point of fiber macromolecules and do not damage the fabric strength. The suitable processing temperature for polyester is 180 ℃ to 210 ℃.

Transfer pressure

Plate press: take 10KPA as the standard transfer pressure. If the pressure is insufficient, the transfer paper and the printed fabric are not closely matched, the printed pattern is uneven and the color is not bright; On the contrary, if the pressure is too high, the feel and style of the printed fabric will also change.

Roller transfer printing machine: in order to make the transfer paper closely coincide with the printed fabric, the blanket must be tightly wrapped on the surface of the hot roller, and the appropriate pressure is generally controlled at 12kpa.

Vacuum negative pressure heat transfer machine: under the negative pressure condition (13.3kpa), good coloring and penetration effects can be obtained, and the printed fabric feels very good.

0 notes

aasmauk · 2 years ago

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THE 5 DIFFERENT TYPES OF FABRIC

Knowing the fabric's characteristics is crucial if you're making fresh clothes or simply trying to find the most effective method of cleaning your old ones. This is particularly true in the case of a lovely piece of fabric, and you wish to take proper care of it so it will last longer. Different materials possess different characteristics, which can significantly affect how you handle your clothing. For instance, one fabric's fiber content can affect how you clean your garment differently from another material's fiber content.

To ease some of the confusion and help to understand what fabric is, Let's look at five different types of materials. Remember that there are many different kinds of fabrics; this article will only focus on the five most popular types.

Also Read Melange Fabric Meaning

The Different Types of Fabric

In the beginning, "fabric" is a substance made by connecting fibers. Generally, a fabric is named in honor of the yarn used for production. Some fabrics may even make use of a blend of various fibers. The fabric is called in accordance with the thread (s) employed along with its texture, pattern, and process of production used. Certain fabrics also look at the origin of the fibers.

In this regard, two distinct classifications first distinguish the fabrics used: the types of fibers (natural and synthetic). synthetic) and the manufacturing processes (woven and knitted. knitting).

Natural and Synthetic

The primary difference between fabrics is the kind of fiber utilized. There are two kinds: synthetic and natural.

Natural fibres come from animals and plants. For instance, cotton comes from plants, whereas silk comes from silkworms.

Synthetic fibers, on the contrary, are entirely from synthetic material made by humans.

Woven fabric

Woven vs. Knitted

Another difference is the manufacturing process employed. There are two kinds: knitted and knitted.

Woven fabrics consist of two yarn pieces which are interwoven vertically and horizontally on the weaver. Because the yarn runs at a 45-degree angle, the fabric won't stretch and tends to be tauter and stronger than knit fabrics. The material comprises two parts: a warp (when the yarn is stretched across the entire width of fabric) and the warp (when the thread runs along the length of the loom).

There are three kinds of weaved fabric, including plain weave, satin weave, and Twill weave. Some popular weaves are crepe, chiffon denim linen, satin, and silk.

When you think of knit fabric, imagine hand-knit scars; the yarn is shaped to form an interlocking loop which allows it to stretch considerably. Knit fabrics are renowned for their elastic properties and for maintaining their shape.

There are two kinds of knit fabric: warp knitted and weft knitted. The most well-known knit fabric is lace mesh and lycra.

Now, let's take a look at the different kinds of fabrics.

Chiffon fabric

1. Chiffon

Chiffon is a fine simple, lightweight fabric made of twisty yarn, which has a rough feeling. The thread is generally comprised of nylon, silk rayon, polyester or.

Chiffon is a dye-able fabric that can be easily dyed and is typically used in blouses, scarves and dresses, which include prom dresses and wedding dresses because of its lightweight, flowing fabric.

Cotton fabric

2. Cotton

The most sought-after fabric in the world, cotton fabric, is a soft, light natural material. The soft fibre is extracted by removing the cotton plant's seed during the spinning process. The thread is transformed into cloth, and it is knit or weaved.

This fabric is widely praised for its comfort, flexibility and strength. It's hypoallergenic and breaths well, but it cannot dry quickly. Cotton is present in nearly every type of clothing: shirts, dresses, underwear, and more. But, it is prone to be prone to shrinking and wrinkles.

Cotton produces a variety of other fabrics, such as gingham, chintz, chino and Mullin.

Crepe fabric

3. Crepe

Crepe is a light, plain-woven material that is twisted and has rough, bumpy surfaces that aren't wrinkled. It's typically made of wool, silk, cotton, and synthetic fibres, making it a flexible fabric. Because of this, crepe is generally referred to by its thread. For instance, crepe silk or chiffon.

Crepe is commonly employed in dressmaking and suits because it's soft, comfy, and straightforward. For instance, georgette is a crepe fabric widely used in designer clothing. Crepe can also be found in pants, blouses, scarves, shirts, and skirts.

Denim fabric

4. Denim

Another kind of material is called denim. Denim is a woven cotton twill material constructed from interspersed cotton wrap yarn and white stuffing yarn made of cotton. Denim is often praised for its vibrant texture, toughness, and ease of use.

Denim is dyed mostly in indigo to create blue jeans. However, it can also be used to dye clothes and jackets.

Lace fabric

5. Lace

Lace is a beautiful delicate fabric made of looped, twisted or knitted thread or yarn. It was initially made of linen and silk, but the lace fabric is now made of wool, cotton thread and synthetic fibers. Lace has two significant components: the pattern and the material that binds the design.

Lace is a luxurious fabric requiring time and experience to make open-weave and web-like patterns. The soft, translucent material is frequently utilized to enhance or complement clothing, especially wedding gowns and veils, but it can also be found in dresses and shirts.

#fabric #melange

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futureyarn · 3 years ago

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The classification of polyester yarn and the characteristics of polyester yarn?

Polyester yarn classification: polyester long fiber and polyester staple fiber

Polyester long fiber

Name: Polyester Fully Drawn Yarn (FDY)

Features: high strength, good filament tube formation, small size, strength, uneven elongation rate, uniform dyeing and so on.

Application: Suitable for high-speed warping machine and high-speed shuttleless loom, directly used for knitting and warp knitting. Widely used in spring Asian spinning, polar fleece, single-sided fleece, golden fleece, mercerized fleece, corduroy, flower dot fleece, warp knitted fleece, warp knitted short fleece, warp knitted striped fleece, warp knitted plain fleece, warp knitted fleece Mesh fabric, warp-knitted mercerized silk, loop velvet, velveteen, five-piece satin, polyester taffeta, mercerized silk, water-jet light spinning (simulated silk), water-jet eight-piece satin, weft Oxford cloth, lattice Oxford cloth, jacquard Curtains, printed curtains and other fabrics.

Polyester fabric is a kind of chemical fiber clothing fabric used in daily life. It is the simplest one among the three major synthetic fibers, and is the trade name of polyester fiber in my country, commonly known as "really good" in China.

Polyester yarn features:

1. Polyester fabric has high strength and elastic recovery ability, so it is wrinkle-resistant and iron-free in use, not easy to deform, and has good dimensional stability.

2. The heat resistance of polyester fabric is very good. It can be said that polyester has the best heat resistance and strong plasticity among chemical fiber fabrics. If it is made into a pleated skirt, it can keep the pleats well without excessive ironing.

3. Polyester fabrics are resistant to various chemicals and have good performance. The degree of damage to it by acid and alkali is relatively small, and it is not afraid of mold or moth, so it is not easy to corrode.

4. The light resistance of polyester fabric is better. In addition to being inferior to acrylic, its lightfastness is better than that of natural fiber fabrics. There is basically no problem in exposing polyester fabric items to the sun, and there is no need to worry about any side effects. Its light fastness behind glass is particularly outstanding, almost comparable to that of acrylic. It is precisely because of the various advantages of polyester fabrics that it is widely used, so it is widely used in the manufacture of clothing and industrial products.

Hangzhou Futureyarn Textile Co., Ltd. is an industry with 15 years of development history. It is a company specializing in the production of polyester yarn, with advanced spinning equipment and experienced employees, and is committed to providing customers with polyester yarn of good quality and reasonable price.

#yarn

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suzhoukrs · 3 years ago

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What is polyamide fiber fabric? What are the characteristics?

Polyamide fiber is the world's first synthetic fiber developed by foreign scientists, and the well-known nylon is another title of it, which is widely used in clothing fabrics.

There are many varieties of polyamide fabric, including polyamide fabric 6, polyamide fabric 66, polyamide fabric 11, and polyamide fabric 610. The most important ones are polyamide fabric 66 and polyamide fabric 6. It has high strength, high wear resistance, and good resilience, and can be used for various clothing materials and knitwear through pure spinning and blending.

Advantage:

1. The abrasion resistance of polyamide fabric is many times higher than other fiber fabrics of similar products, and the durability is very good.

2. polyamide fabric has better hygroscopicity, so the clothes made of polyamide fabric are more comfortable to wear than polyester clothes.

3. polyamide fabric is a light fabric, suitable for making mountaineering clothes, winter clothes, etc.

4. The elasticity and elastic recovery of polyamide fabric are excellent.

Classification of polyamide fabric

1. Pure polyamide fabric

Pure polyamide fabric fabrics are all kinds of fabrics woven from polyamide fabric filament or polyamide fabric staple yarn. polyamide fabric filament fabrics, such as polyamide fabric taffeta, polyamide fabric crepe, etc. It has the characteristics of smooth hand, firm and durable, and moderate price. polyamide fabric taffeta is mostly used for light clothing, down jackets, or raincoats, while polyamide fabric crepe is suitable for summer dresses, spring, and autumn dual-use shirts, etc.

2. polyamide fabric staple fiber blended fabric

polyamide fabric blended fabrics are fabrics that are blended with polyamide fabric staple fibers and other fibers. polyamide fabric spun yarn fabric is favored by many casual clothes because of its good hygroscopicity, excellent wear resistance, and high wearing comfort, and can be used as casual pants, shirts, etc. The fabrics formed by these various fibers have the characteristics of each fiber and learn from each other to make the fabric more practical. Such as viscose/polyamide fabric gabardine, a fabric formed by blending 15% polyamide fabric and 85% viscose into yarn, has the characteristics of thick fabric and toughness and durability.

3. polyamide fabric filament and interwoven fabric

Core-spun fabrics and interwoven fabrics with polyamide fabric filaments are fabrics made of spun yarns and filaments. polyamide fabric core-spun and interwoven fabrics are new types of fabrics developed in the past two years. These fabrics are interwoven with a variety of differentiated yarns or filaments by using polyamide fabric filament single and double core-spun technologies. The fabric is soft and elastic. It is smooth and plump and has a certain 3D three-dimensional and segment dyeing effect. At the same time, it also has the characteristics of waterproof and moisture permeability, anti-wrinkle and warmth retention, no ironing, moisture absorption, quick drying, and not easy to deform. And high-end clothing fabrics with a unique style and strong fashion.

Because of its unique characteristics, polyamide fabrics meet people's requirements for comfort and high wear resistance of clothing, and become the best choice for sportswear, swimming suits, fitness suits, down jackets, mountaineering clothe,s and accessories.

KRS is an industrial and trade integrated printed fabric manufacturer, which started in 2012. KRS has accumulated rich production experience and technology in this field. Polyamide with elastic spandex warp knitting fabric is one of our products, more details are as follow.

Brand

KRS

Model

JA-JQ-B005

Standard

40/40

Unit

YARDS

Pack

ROLLS

If you are interested in our products, please contact us as soon as possible.

#polyamide fabric properties #polyamide material clothing #classification of polyamide fabric

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chemdyestuffs · 3 years ago

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Classification of Food Colors: When To Use And Ways To Use Food Coloring

It is common for us to be amazed by the eye-catching food pictures we see on social media, often thinking about how they did it. There is no shortage of delightfully adorable cake pops and the picture-perfect Ombre cake for guests to enjoy, but these pastries are even more exquisite because food dyes or food colorings have been used to make them.

It is easy to find many kinds of food colorings on the market today, but sometimes we get confused about what to use them for on frosting and dough, and sometimes they have to be thrown away. Therefore, you need to be aware of food colorings that are classified as either Natural, Synthetic, or Inorganic dye before we go through a list of them.

In this article, we will talk about the classification of food colorings and break them down to understand which type of food colors you should use on your food items and how to use them with step-by-step guides. Let’s dive in!

When To Use Food Coloring?

The very first question is why we need food coloring? Are they necessary to add to your food? The primary reason is that specific colors correspond to specific tastes and flavors. Food colorings help to influence the perceived flavor in everything from dips to soups and candies to wine.

In most cases, food coloring is added to stimulate the natural color of your dish. For example - if you make a pistachio frosting, although it’s not green enough. That is why you may require to add a few drops of food coloring to make it more appealing. The same can be applied when you make orange custard and so on.

It is a practice to use color additives in foods to enhance their appeal and appeal to consumers. So, coloring your batter, frosting, buttercream, and the dough is a fantastic way to have fun in your kitchen and make baked goods more personalized to consumers.

Classifications of Food colorings

Food coloring is mainly classified based on natural and synthetic dye. Let’s take a look at different types of food colorings used in the food and beverage industry, including:

Food Coloring (Liquid Dye)

Liquid-dye food coloring is an inexpensive option to go. It is the best to use when you need a lighter tint. It requires a few bottles to create a stable, rich, and vibrant color with large desserts such as cakes. A small drop of pastel filling is all you need to make these dreamy cream wafers.

Liquid food coloring is made of synthetic dye with a water base. It is sold in smaller plastic squeeze bottles, which the novice can use to add as many drops as needed until the desired hue is achieved.

Liquid Gel Dye

Just like traditional liquid dye food coloring, Liquid gel dye includes synthetic coloring with a base of water, glycerin, or corn syrup. It is sold in small dropper bottles similar to plain liquid dyes. However, the similarity between these two products can be limited here.

Liquid gel dye is much thicker and gel-like when squeezed out of its bottle. The dye is highly concentrated, so a little goes a long way even if it is used in a small amount. This type of food coloring is best suitable for creating vivid colors.

Liquid gel dye is not readily available compared to the traditional liquid dye and sometimes can be hard to find, which is the downside of liquid gel dye. Liquid gel dye has a thick consistency, making it difficult to spread into doughs. If you plan on making homemade candies, you can use them for icing only.

Gel Paste Dye

If you're looking to give a large batch of batter a bold appearance, you're likely only to find this concentrated gel in a specialty store. Just like liquid gel dye, gel paste dye is also made out of synthetic coloring with a base of water, glycerin, or corn syrup. It is often packaged in small pots or jars in the form of gel or paste.

Due to the thick consistency of gel paste dyes, it is best to add very small amounts to what you're coloring at a time using a toothpick. Those worried about messy cleanups, those with clumsy hands, or those with young children are recommended to use this product since its liquid components can spill and splatter.

Warning: if you are not sure how deep you would like your color to look, this can not be the best option for you as it doesn’t allow different trials and errors. Since gel paste dye has a semi-solid consistency, it can be hard to work into a dough.

Natural food colorings

Natural food colorings are a perfect choice for those who want to acquire clear synthetic dyes as they are free from any type of glycerin or corn syrup. However, natural food colorings are hard to locate. On the other hand, you can easily find and order them online or you can find a specialty store near your place. They are often available in small dropper bottles and plant sources are the main sources of their availability in different colors.

For example, saffron or turmeric is used for getting a yellow color, carrot juice for giving an orange color, and beets to make red tones. A small drop of natural food coloring is sufficient to produce vibrant colors. Natural food colorings are considered the best methods for acquiring a subtle, earthy hue.

Powdered dye

Powdered dyes refer to a type of dye that is made out of synthetic coloring with no water, glycerin, or corn syrup. They’re sold in jars in the form of complete dry powder. Powder dyes can be used in different ways such as adding a small amount of the powder to your dry mixture or mixing it with a few drops of clear alcohol for acquiring a paint-like consistency.

You can further use it on foods to create a smooth and gentle finish. Powdered dye is highly recommended for use in recipes that are highly sensitive to any added liquid, for example, chocolate or macarons. But if used sparingly, this powder dye can produce a very dark color on the material it is applied to.

How much food coloring is required?

Generally, if you are not sure how much food coloring you will need to color your food, you should start by adding a small drop at a time, mixing it well, then letting it rest for 10 to 15 minutes before repeating or pouring the next small drop. It is always not the best to rush and add multiple drops at the same time to avoid color failure. Adding a drop one by one can help you achieve the desired color that you want to have on your food items effectively.

When should you add the food colors?

Food and beverage manufacturers use color as one of their most important sensory properties. Food colors give consumers an immediate sense of freshness, taste, and quality of a product. Colors directly affect the consumer's purchasing decision about the product and encourage them to decide on any that looks more attractive.

According to research, it takes people only 3-7 seconds to make their purchase decision about the product. Therefore, businesses need to capture customers’ attention to products within that short amount of time. In addition, another research reveals that more than 90% of consumers make their purchase after seeing the product's color and creating a perception about its taste.

Furthermore, colors help to protect vitamins and flavors that can be affected by sunlight during storage. It is possible to perceive flavor based on the color of food.

To prevent the damage to the look and feel of a color

To protect flavor and light-sensitive vitamins while storing the product

To bring color uniformity to food products that may differ in color

To strengthen the colors of a particular food

To preserve the identity of a product

To act as a visual sign of quality

Suitable food colors for bakery products and ways to use them

We have already discussed the best-suited food colors used for bakery products and other food and beverage items, so now take a look at the ways to use them:

1. Choose a package of liquid food dye to add light color

You probably have seen a small package of liquid food dye available in grocery stores. The package that comes at a low cost contains a non-toxic bottle of synthetic red, blue, green, and yellow dye. You can mix these dyes to make your color for dying food products, especially when you would like a pale or pastel color.

In case you want to achieve a deep color, you may need to use liquid dye in a large amount to change the texture of your food.

2. Choose Gel Paste to create a rich-in-quality color

Gel paste is another form of synthetic dye blended with water, glycerine, and corn syrup for achieving a highly concentrated and thick paste. You can take a small pot of gel paste for obtaining a little dye to go a long way.

Paste gel can easily be found in cooking stores, craft supply stores, or online. Always buy food-safe gel paste that is labeled as non-toxic. Be aware that gel paste can be pretty messy to work compared to liquid dye.

3. Get a powdered dye for various applications

The next step is to get jars of powdered dye from craft supply stores. Since they are not mixed with water, glycerine, or corn syrup, it has long durability and is perfect to add to your food that you don't like to mix. Powder dye also works best with a bold or dark color. Keep in mind that you only buy food-safe and non-toxic powder dye.

4. Create your natural food color to get rich, subtle, and quality colors

If you are not willing to buy synthetic dyes to add to your food, you can further opt for brightly colored fruits and vegetables. Depending on your choice, you either juice, boil or dehydrate it before grinding it to a pigment for dying your food. Natural food coloring is obtained from various plant sources such as Berries (strawberries, blueberries, and blackberries), Carrots, Beets, Spinach, Red cabbage, Onions, and Pomegranates.

Industry Regulation For the Use of Food Colors

It doesn’t matter if it is a natural dye or synthetic dye, an important thing is whether the obtained product meets the desired specifications as stated by the regulatory body.

According to the Indian FSSAI, there are certain regulations for the use of food colors in particular foods and beverages, regardless of whether there is a concentrated interest in natural products. If the desired specifications aren't met, then the regulations serve no purpose at all.

Final Words

Thus, considering the origin of the naturally transpiring food colorants, they can be categorized into natural, synthetic, or inorganic dyes. Natural food colors can be obtained from various sources, including fruits, plants, vegetables, minerals, and other edible natural sources. They give a bright color when added to foods and beverages. Adding colors to food can help improve the look and feel of your food products and encourage consumers to buy a product after seeing its color. If you need more info on food colors, I recommend speaking to an expert from a leading manufacturer of food colors.

#foodcolours #food coloring #classification #classificationoffoodcolors

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