#Digital Citizenship and Health Education: Body Modification on Visual Social Media

[nguyenminhphuc]

Week 7 - How the media can affect your body and health

With the rapid and constant development of technologies and beauty standards, it is no surprise that online/real-life body modification has received some significant attention in recent years. Both online platforms and the pharmaceutical industry have allowed consumers to transform their bodies in the way that could help them gain attention.

Body modification is the activity of uploading and promoting different modifications to the human body on sites including Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube. It includes a wide range of purposeful changes, which include tattoos, piercings, scarification, hair coloring, body painting, cosmetic procedures, and even more extreme alterations such as implants or removing certain body parts. Body alteration could possibly be done digitally using Photoshop applications. Through an app, people may change their look by adjusting their physical form, size, skin tone, facial characteristics, or adding accessories such as tattoos and piercings.

If we look at social media nowadays, we'll see that most of the influencers and celebrities we know and love frequently edit their photos before publishing them. Social media lacks reality because it allows users to digitally manipulate photographs by applying filters or lowering body weight (McGovern et al., 2022).

Aside from having negative effects on our bodies, changing bodily parts may also have an impact on our mental health and lead to physical disorders. Mental health is critical for everyone; however, modifying our bodies may sometimes alter how we feel about ourselves since, rather than feeling good about ourselves, we are left with additional anxieties, which can lead to harmful behavior and medical attention. Why do we still feel uneasy when we make those changes? We are still uneasy since altering our body image and look does not compensate for the reality that our self-esteem, no matter what we do, is lost if we never sought it in the first place. You may have developed poor self-esteem as a result of the obvious differences you notice in others, and this might have an impact on your identity (Diamond, 2021).

In conclusion, we are able to see that body modification is utilized not only to appear a specific way, but also to create a perspective of how you should look and what you need to do in order to be like everyone else. We must recognize that body alteration is being employed for cosmetic and sexual purposes, which has influenced society to believe that it is acceptable. It's crucial to keep in mind that everyone is designed to be unique.

Reference:

Diamond, E. (2021, September 29). How Physical Beauty Affects a Person’s Self-Esteem. Psychreg. https://www.psychreg.org/physical-beauty-affects-person-self-esteem/

McGovern, O., Collins, R., & Dunne, S. (2022). The associations between photo-editing and body concerns among females: A systematic review. Body Image, 43, 504–517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2022.10.013

[capyboba-down-the-rabbit-hole]

5th Stop: Is Kim K Slave to Her Own Body or Vice Versa?

The secret to the Kardashian empire is that they maintain the perfect balance on the fine line between two sides of every problem that they have created. Pro-feminist or anti-feminist, sexual liberation or pornification, in control or objectified? Kim K is not any woman; she is at the frontier of these controversies and is clever enough to stay in-between space or flux between the bound and unbound, which finally breaks the binaries and creates new feminine identities for the contemporary workers of glamour labour.

She is wearing her body, and you will follow her

In the new era of post-fashion, ‘[e]ffortless is no longer the goal – now, a body has to look like the product of work’, the kind of work evidenced by Kim Kardashian’s effortful body,” Hyland (2015).

This is a departure from the role of glamour in the past, where the point was to hide the work, and to make it look like it was natural and effortless.

By revealing her effort, Kim shows us how she is the all-American girl with an all-American work ethic, and if we just work hard too, we will make it like she did. Her overarching message is that you gotta work it, so you can be like me! Play my game, and you will be training yourself for the life of glamour: Practice here, and if you play the game right in real life, you can achieve the dream of fabulous wealth, fame, and an enviable lifestyle. How do you get all of this? Photoshop, filters, cosmetic surgeries, heavy editing, personal trainers, makeup, cucumber salad, skincare, poses, and designed clothes—all of which are the labours that we sacrifice without thinking to be just an ounce like the Amerian billionare family.

Kim’s attitude exudes the idea that we are just girlfriends hanging out, just let her show you: ‘Here is how you do make-up like mine’. Her feed is populated by photos and videos of her sharing instructions about how to get her look, achieve a body like hers, and dress it as she does. The tone is friendly, instructional, encouraging, and luring. By now, Kim’s make-up tutorials have become quite well known, so notorious in fact that they make it onto several 'make-up trends to leave behind’ every year.

To attain similar success, the consumption of specific fashion and beauty products is needed. Kim’s minions do not know exactly why Kim is on such a high social ladder; whether it is because of her provocative appearance, acts of female liberation and empowerment, or sex-positive attitudes, they just replicate her as much as they can to become like her. And slowly, they learn to hate their bodies, because it is only when they cannot stand their looks that they become loyal consumers of the ever-expanding beauty industry.

An Empire Built on Glamour

‘Glamour labour’ is the work to edit the self and body so that one appears to be the highly scripted, filtered, and carefully constructed image, which so many work so hard to create and present online (Wissinger 2015).

In 2012, communication scholar Gina Neff described the ‘give it all to have it all’ imperative of highly uncertain ‘venture labor.’ Recent scholarship has documented how this imperative has spread via social media technologies, whose promises of easy success lure many to work hard at putting themselves out there. Media studies scholar Alice Marwick (2013) noticed this trend in the promotional labour needed to achieve high online status. Similarly, communication scholar Sarah BanetWeiser (2012) tracked the spreading imperative to build one’s online brand, with women and girls feeling these pressures most keenly. As communication professor Brooke Duffy’s (2015) study of fashion bloggers shows, the ‘romance of work’ plays on worker’s aspirations to achieve the good life, where work is play and play is work, and good things come to only a few of the many who mercilessly perform their lives to supply their endlessly voracious Instagram feed.

As these studies show, in the digitized world, many are willing to give up much for glamorous work. Forget job stability, health insurance, or even pay! If you can be on the inside of the media machine, you are one step closer to the glittery riches it promises to all, yet rewards to very few. The game is rigged, yet, in a neo-liberal world, failure is always your fault. If you experience society as racist, classist, or sexist, it is only because you are not working hard enough. It is up to you to fix your life, to build your brand, and to become the kind of famous person who reeks of success.

Over-sharing, a Kardashian specialty, takes on a glamorous sheen, when coupled with the trappings of the celebrity lifestyle that the family has achieved by seeming to do nothing.

The Kardashians’ joyful abdication of the right to any privacy at all, paves the way towards normalizing the loss of privacy rights, drawing us into the world where the ‘“likes”, clicks, and tweets that can be earned by sharing’ seduce us into what legal scholar Bernard Harcourt (2015) has called a 'mad frenzy of disclosure’ (pp.18) as we buy into the discourse of ‘datafication’ (pp. 21). Self-tracking taps into the voracious desire for self-improvement, providing new fodder for the ongoing practices of online self-documentation, as we post our step scores, tweet our opinions, Facebook our vacation, and Instragram pictures of our dinner plates. Insidiously, our loss of privacy is what the Kardashians hide in plain sight.

Glamour labouring to chase an ever-receding ideal of looking right, feeling right or being in the right circle, where the desire for pleasure trumps the need for privacy, leaves us as routinely exposed as Kim Kardashian’s backside. Perhaps, it's not Kim who is enslaved by her body, but rather, it is us who workship, resent, and invest so much in ours.

Reference list

Alice Emily Marwick 2013, Status Update: celebrity, publicity, and Branding in the Social Media Age, Yale University Press, New Haven.

Banet-Weiser, S 2012, AuthenticTM the politics of ambivalence in a brand culture, New York, N.Y. New York University Press.

Duffy, BE 2016, ‘The Romance of Work: Gender and Aspirational Labour in the Digital Culture Industries’, International Journal of Cultural Studies, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 441–457.

Harcourt, BE 2015, Exposed: Desire and Disobedience in the Digital Age, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Hyland, V 5AD, What the Rise of the Couture Body Means for Fashion, The Cut, viewed 10 November 2021, https://www.thecut.com/2015/05/rise-of-the-couture-body.html.

Neff, G 2015, Venture labor: Work and the Burden of Risk in Innovative industries., Mit Press, Cambridge.

Stevenson, T 2019, ‘The Kardashian complex: Performing Sexuality and Femininity through Image and Screens’, Scope: Contemporary Research Subjects (Art & Design 17).

Wissinger, E 2015, This year’s model : fashion, media, and the making of glamour, New York University Press, New York.

[anyone-can-read]

Digital Citizenship and Health Education: Body Modification on Visual Social Media

In today's world, social media has evolved from a simple platform where people discuss their raw daily lives to a platform full of important figures who appear to live a perfect existence. It has become "ubiquitous in the world of plastic surgery" and has prompted worries about the influence of online celebrities in setting high aesthetic standards (Dorfman et al 2018, p. 332).

Instagram filters impact our perception of the people we see online. We can walk down the street and see people who depict themselves online as this great slender girl boss, but who are very different in person without the world of filters. I discovered an essay by Drenten in this week's readings that reveals the way women portray themselves on social media as some type of sexual dream to their followers.

Posing for their followers while wearing no clothing. The article examined how this may affect the mental health of those who use social media and how these females are projecting an image that younger girls, in particular, look up to. The demand on 'looking beautiful and sounding right' has become a battleground for many ladies nowadays.

Celebrities are frequently portrayed as unrealistic beauty standards on visual social media sites such as Instagram. Because of amazing editing and retouching skills used by media models, it has produced a quagmire of unattainable ideals that consumers, regrettably, attempt to meet. Instagram's popular aesthetic templates include publishing sexualized photographs on the platform while posing with promoted products that generate revenue for influencers (Drenten, 2018). Although money may benefit from the monetization of IG posts, there is a clear link between pornography and sexualized labour. Thus, it boils down to broader cultural forces that communicate to women that sexiness is both appreciated and a method of attracting attention.

However, in recent years, body positivity has enabled people to feel more at ease and secure in their own flesh. Instagram has also begun to include "content promoting acceptance of a diverse range of body sizes and appearances" (Lazuka et al 2020, p. 92). Lizzo is well-known for her online comments about body positivity and being "body normative" and "normalising" all body kinds (Mamo 2020). As a result, people can feel more confident and accept their appearance.

REFERENCES

Lazuka, R, Wick, M, Keel, P & Harriagar, J, 2020, ‘Are We There Yet? Progress in Depicting Diverse Images of Beauty in Instagram’s Body Positivity Movement’, Elsevier Ltd, vol.34, pp. 85-93

Drenten, J., 2018. Sexualized labour in digital culture: Instagram influencers, porn chic and the monetization of attention. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/gwao, pp. 1-26.

Dorfman, R, Vaca, E, Mahmood, E, Fine, N & Schierle, C, 2018, ‘Plastic Surgery-Related Hashtag Utilization on Instagram: Implications for Education and Marketing’, Aesthetic Surgery Journal, vol. 38 (3),  pp 332–338

[sashimyluv]

Week 8: Digital Citizenship and Health Education: Body Modification on Visual Social Media

Visual social media sites like YouTube, Instagram, and TikTok have completely changed how we view and interact with body modification in the digital age. These platforms, which are distinguished by their focus on visual content, have developed into potent venues for exhibiting body art, cosmetic improvements, and personal metamorphoses. By sharing their experiences with tattoos, piercings, cosmetic procedures, and other body modifications, influencers and regular users alike create a vibrant and frequently influential narrative surrounding these practices. Visual social media is so ubiquitous that ideas and trends can spread quickly, greatly influencing both individual choices about body modification and society norms. This confluence of technology, culture, and individual expression draws attention to the significant influence that visual social media has on the way that people view body modification in the modern world. In today's world, body modification through tattoos and piercings has become an increasingly common form of self-expression. With celebrities and professional athletes serving as constant visual reminders on television, the practice is undoubtedly more widespread and isn't limited to any one age, gender, or ethnic group (Heidelbaugh & Yen 2008). According to the report, which cited a 2016 Harris poll estimating that tattoo popularity has increased by 20% since 2012, body modification is becoming more and more popular (Zimlich 2017).

The Health Risk of Body Modifications

1.Tattoos

Tattoos are long-lasting marks or designs applied to the body created by introducing pigment through skin tears. Occasionally, the phrase is also used haphazardly to refer to scarring (cicatrization) (Tattoo | Body Art, Cultural Significance & Design | Britannica 2024).

The epidermal and dermal layers of the skin are injured during tattooing, so proper aftercare is necessary to avoid infections. Nonsterile water mixed with tattoo ink can cause infection, with the risk of infection being highest in the first two weeks after tattooing. Itching, discharge, swelling, and redness are signs of infection. The infection may become chronic in severe cases and cause additional symptoms like fever if it spreads. Guidelines are offered by tattoo artists to reduce these risks and encourage appropriate healing.

Some people may experience an allergic reaction. This usually has nothing to do with the needling procedure itself, but rather the ink itself, particularly if it contains plastic. The Mayo Clinic states that the most commonly allergenic pigments are red, yellow, blue, and green (Cherney 2018).

2.Ear piercing

Infection is one of the most common risks connected to ear piercings. An open wound is created during the piercing procedure, and if it is not properly healed, bacteria may grow there. Pus discharge, redness, swelling, and pain are all possible symptoms of infections. Untreated infections in severe cases can result in the formation of abscesses and systemic problems like fever. Infections can be avoided with proper aftercare, which includes routine cleaning with antiseptic solutions and refraining from handling the piercings with unclean hands.

An allergic reaction to the materials in earrings is another important risk. Cheap jewellery frequently contains nickel, a metal that is known to cause allergies. Allergies to nickel can cause swelling, redness, and itching at the site of the piercing. Use hypoallergenic materials, like titanium, gold, or surgical steel, to prevent such reactions, especially in the early healing phase.

Reference List

Cherney, K 2018, ‘What Are the Risks of Getting a Tattoo?’, Healthline, Healthline Media, viewed 5 June 2024, <https://www.healthline.com/health/tattoo-side-effects#risks>.

Heidelbaugh, JJ & Yen, G 2008, ‘Lifestyle Risks’, Elsevier eBooks, Elsevier BV, pp. 321–337, viewed 5 June 2024, <https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/nursing-and-health-professions/body-modification>.

‘Tattoo | Body Art, Cultural Significance & Design | Britannica’ 2024, Encyclopædia Britannica, viewed 5 June 2024, <https://www.britannica.com/art/tattoo>.

Zimlich, R 2017, ‘Effects of body modification are more than just skin deep’, Contemporary Pediatrics, Contemporary Pediatrics, viewed 5 June 2024, <https://www.contemporarypediatrics.com/view/effects-body-modification-are-more-just-skin-deep>.

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#mda20009

[damnzoey]

Digital Citizenship and Health Education - Body Modification on Visual Social Media

In this week’s lecture, Dr. Jonathan Mavroudis explores the intersection of digital citizenship, health education, and body modification within visual social media platforms. Key topics include public health campaigns, microcelebrity culture, aesthetic labor, and the impacts of social media on body image and mental health.

Public Health Campaigns Public health increasingly leverages social media for outreach, with campaigns like ‘Movember’ exemplifying successful health promotion. However, aesthetic templates promoted by digital influencers can often propagate unhealthy body image ideals.

Microcelebrity Culture Microcelebrity culture, characterized by individuals branding themselves online for visibility and status, plays a significant role in promoting these templates (Marwick, 2013). Social media users engage in visibility labor, often unknowingly, as they market themselves to compete for online attention (Mavroudis, 2020).

Aesthetic Labor Aesthetic labor involves modifying one’s appearance both online and offline to fit certain visual standards. On Instagram, this includes poses, body work, and the use of filters and editing tools to adhere to popular aesthetic norms.

Pornification The concept of pornification describes the normalization of commercial pornography aesthetics in social media. Influencers often present highly sexualized versions of themselves, reinforcing heteronormative standards of beauty and sexuality (Drenten & Gurrieri, 2019).

Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) and Identity Dissonance The pressure to conform to these aesthetic standards can lead to identity dissonance and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), where individuals experience significant distress over perceived flaws in their appearance (Phillips, 2009). The dissonance between one's online and offline appearance contributes to dissatisfaction and increased cosmetic seeking behaviors.

What Can We Do? To mitigate these issues, greater regulation of public health campaigns by influencers is necessary. Raising awareness of the cultural influences on body dissatisfaction can help shift the focus from psychological to social solutions. Educating users about the dynamic interplay between social media content creation and platform algorithms can foster a more critical understanding of the digital environments that shape body image and societal ideals.

Reference

What is a niche internet micro celebrity? - The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/08/24/nimcel-influencers-tiktok-youtube/ (Accessed: 18 May 2024). 

R/livestreamfail on reddit: Researchers uncover ‘pornification’ trend among female streamers on twitch. Available at: https://www.reddit.com/r/LivestreamFail/comments/1bnesn9/researchers_uncover_pornification_trend_among/ (Accessed: 18 May 2024). 

[dtuannn]

Week 7: Digital Citizenship and Health Education: Body Modification on Visual Social Media

Body modification practices encompass a vast spectrum of alterations, ranging from widely accepted practices like ear piercings to more extreme procedures like scarification. Body modification refers to the intentional permanent or semipermanent alterations of the living human body for reasons such as ritual, folk medicine, aesthetics, or corporal punishment (Bradley University). These modifications can be driven by various motivations, such as cultural identity markers signifying a rite of passage or tribal affiliation. From an aesthetic perspective, body art like tattoos allows for self-expression and personalization of the body.  Some modifications even hold religious significance, with scarification or body cutting serving as rituals of devotion in specific belief systems.

People adjusting their own body for beauty and aesthetics purpose, some might considered tattoos, piercings as art. In contrast to impulsive scrawls on a notepad, physical changes are usually carefully thought out decisions. To achieve the intended aesthetic, positioning, design components, and symbolism are all important. Modifying your body can be crucial for personal branding online. People usually arrange their online presence on social media to represent a specific aesthetic, which includes their physical look, especially on well-known platforms like Instagram. This could be sharing images or videos that highlight particular physical attributes, such as their attractiveness, fashion sense, or level of fitness, for both genders.

A piercing or a single tattoo might be fine and society can accept the fact that body modification doesn’t violate and making others absurd, but there is one case that shock the entire community. Anthony Loffredo AKA The Black Alien is completely covered in tattoos, even the eyeballs, and has weird physical alterations, like a split tongue that gives the appearance of being forked. To further emphasize his extraterrestrial appearance, he even cut off his fingers and a portion of his nose. Extreme bodily modifications are the term for these kinds of interventions: they are voluntary, non-traditional changes that have limited societal acceptance. They could be irreversible and frequently call for certain surgical techniques. Their dramatic nature—scarifications, subdermal implants, amputations, or eye tattoos—sets them apart from other, less extreme alterations, such typical piercings or tattoos (Daniel Soufi, 2023). Because of the ridiculous transformation, he gets treated differently from others. If he calls an Uber, the driver does not stop. He is not allowed in restaurants. He also had trouble verifying his identity to open an OnlyFans account, because the app was unable to recognize his face (Daniel Soufi, 2023).

In 2024 and the upcoming years, body modification is considered normal to the society due to the open-minded of people, but there are still some individuals take that advantages and make an absurd changes, which the community started to lose their respect to body modification.

Reference

Body modification & body image (no date) Bradley University. Available at: https://www.bradley.edu/sites/bodyproject/disability/modification/ (Accessed: 30 March 2024).

Lodder, M. (2010) Body art: Body modification as artistic practice. University of Reading.

Singh, R. (2023) Old Photo showing how ‘black alien’ looked like before extreme body modifications goes viral, NDTV.com. Available at: https://www.ndtv.com/feature/old-photo-showing-how-black-alien-looked-like-before-extreme-body-modifications-goes-viral-3655378 (Accessed: 30 March 2024).

[sononobello]

W7: digital citizenship and health education: body modification on visual social media.

The term body modification refers to cosmetic operations, tattoos and piercings and also direct physical transformations on the human body. Adams, J. (2009) assessed that body-modifying practices only really developed in the 20th century when the foundations of their medicine developed and were established from "brutal" and "inhumane" experiments on earlier living organisms. However, the publicity and social norms of these activities remain controversial because of the public standards in the mainstream media. Hence, the emergence of social media facilitated body modification activities through the most intuitive means, excluding direct modification activities (Vartanian, 2016). The most positive influence is the formation of communities of individuals with similar interests and a desire to modify the body. Random body-modification activities can pose health and mental health hazards to participants, with digital communities contributing as a reference platform for modification decisions(Thomas, 2012). 

In the current digital landscape, digital profiles also allow individuals to express their individuality and experiences with respect to body modifications for other random user communities. For example, images of rhinoplasty, changes in bone structure can be shared as a user experience. 

Hence, digital citizenship in the use of technology tools. In the context of body modification on visual social media, being a conscientious digital citizen involves critically evaluating content, considering its impact on oneself and others, and engaging in constructive discussions (Thomas, 2012). 

. Digital citizens' receptivity to the topic of body modification is directly through the content formats they observe on digital platforms, allowing users to create content without overstrict management policies (Thomas, 2012). 

. Hence, which requires individuals to distinguish between authentic and unrealistic images, promotes a culture of transparency and authenticity in online interactions (Mirazchiyski, 2019).. Constant exposure to objectionable and excessive body modification figures can exacerbate users' feelings of deprivation, insecurity, and body dissatisfaction, especially susceptible adolescents and young adults. Negative impacts on the mental and physical health of users receiving this information(Mirazchiyski, 2019). For penetration of the health status and effect from the observation of the content body modification from audience, highlighting the impact can be explained through the example of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). BDD is phenomeon about an obsessive focus on perceived flaws in one's appearance, which can be influenced by frequent exposure to edited bodies considered "ideal". Hence, other users will tend to change their bodies to become ideal based on the image of the content they are exposed to, even torturing themselves to achieve their goals.

References 

Adams, J. (2009). Bodies of Change: A Comparative Analysis of media representations of body modification practices. Sociological Perspectives, 52(1), 103��129. https://doi.org/10.1525/sop.2009.52.1.103 

Fardouly, J., & Vartanian, L. R. (2016). Social media and body image concerns: Current research and future directions. Current Opinion in Psychology, 9, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.09.005 

Mirazchiyski, P. (2019). Frau-Meigs, Divina, o’neill, Brian, Soriani, allesandro, Tomé, Vitor, Digital Citizenship Education: Volume 1 – overview and new perspectives. Šolsko Polje, XXX(5–6), 171–175. https://doi.org/10.32320/1581-6044.30(5-6)171-175 

Thomas, M. L. (2012). Sick/beautiful/freak. SAGE Open, 2(4), 215824401246778. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244012467787 

[tthieu2808]

Week 7: Digital Citizenship and Health Education: Body Modification on Visual Social Media

With the development of technology and communication, people today have many opportunities to access new knowledge and gain new experiences in an easier and more positive way. Those changes come not only from thinking, perception or lifestyle but also from appearance. The rapid development of media and society also creates more favorable conditions for people with high needs for beauty to enhance their beauty through body modification and body image building.

According to Bradley University, we tend to think of the human body as simply a product of nature. However, our bodies are also products of culture. This shows that what we show on our appearance not only shows our personality and personality, but also shows the cultural features we live in or have experienced. Building body image also helps us not only express our personality or opinions and ideas about something, but also build a cultural community like us. In today's times, cosmetic surgery has become familiar to everyone as the need for beauty is growing and the economy is growing to meet those needs. Cosmetic surgery is the use of human technology and techniques on one's body to transform and change them as desired. Although cosmetic surgery is an inevitable result of the development and growing beauty needs of many people, it is also a topic that is always discussed today.

While some say it can improve self-esteem and combat negative body image. Others see surgical intervention as a sad indictment of a culture with rigid and narrow notions of beauty - a culture that values youth, sexuality and physical appearance over is experience, character and nature (Jeffreys 2000). Critics also note the potential risks associated with cosmetic surgery. In addition to the risk of post-operative infection and other surgical complications, a recent study revealed a correlation between cosmetic surgery, substance abuse, and suicide (Lipworth, 2007). The rapid development of social networking platforms also makes building self-image more important than ever. Building a good image on anfy platforms also creates many influencers related to many topics such as sports, beauty and even sex work. The rise of digital platforms has blurred the lines between consumers and workers, creating a phenomenon known as “prosumption.” (Büscher & Igoe 2013; Ritzer & Jurgenson 2010 cited in Drenten et al. 2020). The development of the sex industry gives many people the opportunity to approach more sensitive issues, which can help people pay more attention to issues such as sex education or sexual safety. But there needs to be selection and control. With social networking platforms becoming increasingly popular and without age restrictions, harmful information can have a negative impact on underage users or children when using social platforms. Therefore, these digital platforms need to demonstrate their ability to play a role in controlling sensitive information and content as well as having policies for users and sensitive content. feelings related to sex, violence, ... The actions of anfy platforms not only help ensure user safety, but also help classify the content and topics necessary to build more active and independent communities.

References:

Drenten, J, Gurrieri, L & Tyler, M 2020, “Sexualized labour in digital culture: Instagram influencers, porn chic and the monetization of attention,” Gender, work, and organization, vol. 27, no. 1, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford, pp. 41–66.

Bradley University, Body Modification & Body Image.

https://www.bradley.edu/sites/bodyproject/disability/modification/

[nghialtrn]

WEEK 7: Digital Citizenship and Health Education: Body Modification on Visual Social Media

Does Social Media contribute to creating standards of body beauty image?

Social media, a term not unfamiliar to a rapidly developing society, is creating virtual communities instead of traditional communities as in previous years. In this way, communication between people is shortened in terms of geographical distance, and the time to receive and send information during the exchange is significantly reduced without changing the quality of the information. Seeing these benefits, social media is a concept, a collection of “praise-free” platforms that deserves to be created and used the most, right? What social media brings, or specifically, what the smart algorithms of these social media platforms have almost completely changed the behavior, attitudes, and ideologies of users when using them.

Billions of people worldwide use social media to connect and share information, but the images on social media are filled with people portraying their best versions. The images users post on social media platforms with the desire to preserve memories or simply to be seen by friends who fellow social media users follow, hoping for interaction. 

However, frequent exposure to carefully curated posts can influence us and how we perceive beauty, right? 

It can be said that an entire generation is growing up based on their beauty standards based on influencers they encounter daily at such a young age. The issue lies in the fact that the individuals who make up a community or even a society, are human beings, citizens, who tend to evaluate and judge as soon as they see someone's photo posted on social media. This happens more often with women as beauty standards are compared between individuals. It affects the content and sharing of photos by women, who constantly seek feedback from social media pages through likes, comments, and follows to elevate their confidence in their perfection and stability (Rosmiati, R, et al. 2023, p. 18). Therefore, it directly affects and arouses dissatisfaction with oneself about body parts, perceived as flaws or weaknesses, doubts about self-esteem, and also encourages self-harming behavior. This stems from the fact that the media always portrays the shapes of women, having "stereotypes" about beauty standards.

From that factor, body beauty standards are once again surfacing on social media platforms. Compared to 75% of women, over 4/5 of men (80.7%) mention perceived defects and blemishes when expressing concern about their body image (Campbell, D 2017). Users often select and post photos deemed suitable for body beauty standards such as large breasts, enticing hips, high noses, high cheekbones with a seductive smile (for females), muscular bodies, angular faces, thick eyebrows, curly eyelashes (for males). The strong impact on body beauty standards on social media, as everyone wants to be the perfect version of themselves. However, the reality is that no one can touch that perfect beauty, and probably no one admits to having perfect beauty.

Has the boundary between reality and virtuality been sufficiently blurred to necessitate exposure?

“Social media enables users to experience a more personalized connection with celebrities and figures they follow by liking, sharing, and commenting, thus engaging in a more interactive environment rather than just viewing images” (Aziz, J 2017).

Body image standards set on social media platforms will influence users' behaviors, particularly those with influence, fame, or prominence on social media, who tend to alter perceived imperfections of themselves. They are often referred to as microcelebrities, as each appearance on social media, and the images they post are meticulously crafted, relying heavily on layers of makeup, cosmetic surgery, and artificial lighting, with their posts often meticulously edited and specially designed to enhance specific areas.

Today’s youth frequently encounter edited facial and body images posted by celebrities and influencers, fostering the notion that they should aspire to unrealistic body types that may ultimately lead to body dissatisfaction. Due to the presence of these influential figures on social media and their posted images, a “fragile ideal” is constructed for these young individuals, deeply ingrained in their body image ideals.

Their posts, accompanied by carefully adjusted images, are considered a conditional response as social media allows users to freely comment, interact, and display widely alongside the content, and images posted by the author. Moreover, regulations regarding digital content pose an entirely different issue, as user-generated content circulates globally, meaning anyone can view what the author posts if they make it public. Those with an “ideal” of body image will reflect it onto their bodies, desiring recognition and esteem from the public sphere, while ordinary individuals, perceiving themselves as flawed in body parts, resort to cosmetic clinics in hopes of reshaping themselves into ideals of perfection. Body dysmorphia is at an all-time high, as ordinary people are constantly encouraged to compare themselves to misleading and distorted images. According to data from the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery from 2017, 42% of surgeons saw patients who wanted to improve their image on Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, and other social media sites (Dorfman, RG, et al. 2018).

In the ever-evolving digital, those who strive for perfect beauty—a beauty that is defined by society, by social media users, or by so-called digital citizens—obstruct the beauty of what is considered natural, given forth by the most beautiful things. People's self-perception is impacted by the pressure to meet social media beauty standards, which causes them to objectify and commodify their bodies online. Individuals may wish to “enhance”, “control” or “fix” specific areas of their looks or utilize their body as a canvas to express themselves artistically. Certain efforts in body editing may yield unexpectedly negative results, potentially damaging one's self-esteem in the long run.

Beauty Standards and Mental Health

Social media beauty standards are highly detrimental to young girls (Javier 2021), the research shows that over 40% of 9 and 10-year-old girls are attempting to lose weight.

The media has played a significant role in introducing content influencing girls in this manner. This may also account for the rise in hospital admissions for eating problems brought on by social media use. In 2018, data from NHS Digital was made public, revealing that during six years, hospital admissions for eating disorders had doubled, with 13,885 admissions for different eating disorders in the UK (Marsh, S 2018). Furthermore, 28,155 individuals received treatment for eating disorders in the US between 2000 and 2006, an 18% increase in hospitalization times (Zhao, Y & Encinosa, W 2009). This rise corresponds with social media's first appearance in the early 2000s.

These findings have raised concerns about the impact of social media platforms on human mental health, not just virtual personas on social media but also in real life. Medical interventions are attempting to mitigate the negative impact of media-driven beauty standards and promote healthier self-awareness by shifting the emphasis from superficial beauty standards to holistic health and well-being. Attempting to meet unrealistic standards can exacerbate feelings of inadequacy due to the allure of comprehensive health messages promoted by celebrities (Festinger, L 1954).

If I were to say that this mental health impact also affects men, would you believe it?

This is entirely realistic as men also must conform to societal ideals of beauty and perceptions of what constitutes a “man”. There are men out there who naturally lack muscular physiques. This begins to breed insecurity and leads them to develop eating disorders as they struggle to cope with these situations. As a result, the rate of men being treated for eating disorders has increased by 70% from 2010-16 (Beddington, E 2020). This will lead to unpredictable situations as they are at risk of Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD), where an individual perceives flaws in their appearance that others may deem insignificant.

Conclusion

Social media has undoubtedly played an undeniable role in shaping body beauty standards, creating a virtual space where users not only connect but also share information, yet also where these standards are created and disseminated. Every photo, every post on social media is a curated, optimized version of oneself, creating a virtual world with elements of perfect beauty. This has led to a lifestyle where measuring beauty based on unrealistic standards has become prevalent, especially among young people.

However, the pressure from these standards affects not only women but also men. Adhering to societal ideals of beauty and perception has caused not only insecurity but also the risk of body and mental disorders. People need to consider carefully how the material they receive on social media affects their body image and sense of self as digital citizens. As such, this problem continues to be a major concern for society and should be thoroughly thought through if the goal is to treat patients using cutting-edge medical procedures or combined with digital technology.

Reference list

Aziz, J 2017, Social Media and Body Issues in Young Adults: an Empirical Study on the Influence of Instagram Use on Body Image and Fatphobia in Catalan University Students, pp. 13–17, viewed <https://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/handle/10230/33255/Aziz_2017.pdf?sequence=1>.

Beddington, E 2020, ‘I Worry for My Teenage Boys – the Beauty Standards for Young Men Are out of Control’, The Guardian, 28 January, viewed 24 March 2024, <https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/jan/28/i-worry-for-my-teenage-boys-the-beauty-standards-for-young-men-are-out-of-control?msclkid=4874d893b81a11ec9e5b9472dc3075f9>.

Campbell, D 2017, ‘Body Image Concerns More Men than women, Research Finds’, the Guardian, The Guardian, viewed <https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2012/jan/06/body-image-concerns-men-more-than-women>.

Dorfman, RG, Vaca, EEV, Mahmood, E, Fine, NA & Schierle, CF 2018, ‘Plastic Surgery-Related Hashtag Utilization on Instagram: Implications for Education and Marketing’, Aesthetic Surgery Journal, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 332–338, viewed 24 March 2024, <https://www.academia.edu/60086545/Plastic_Surgery_Related_Hashtag_Utilization_on_Instagram_Implications_for_Education_and_Marketing>.

Duffy, BE & Meisner, C 2022, ‘Platform governance at the margins: Social media creators’ experiences with algorithmic (in)visibility’, Media, Culture & Society, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 285–304, viewed <https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/01634437221111923>.

Festinger, L 1954, ‘A Theory of Social Comparison Processes’, Human Relations, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 117–140, viewed <https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/001872675400700202>.

Javier 2021, ‘The Effects Of Social Media On Body Image And Mental Health’, Life Sciences Journal, viewed <https://lifesciencesjournal.org/2020/02/the-effects-of-social-media-on-body-image-and-mental-health/>.

Marsh, S 2018, ‘Eating disorders: NHS Reports Surge in Hospital Admissions’, the Guardian, The Guardian, viewed <https://www.theguardian.com/society/2018/feb/12/eating-disorders-nhs-reports-surge-in-hospital-admissions>.

Rosmiati, R, Supriadi, D & Jannah, RR 2023, ‘Relationship of Social Media to Beauty Insecurity in Generation Z Women’, Asy-Syifa : Journal of Science and Technology Nursing, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 17–27, viewed <https://ojs.stikesmucis.ac.id/index.php/asyjstn/article/view/192>.

Zhao, Y & Encinosa, W 2009, Hospitalizations for Eating Disorders from 1999 to 2006, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, viewed <https://hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb70.pdf>.

[meishmu]

DON'T LOSE VIEWS FOR BODY MODIFICATIONS!

Navigating Self-Censorship and Algorithmic Intervention in the Era of Body Modification on Social Media

The idea of algorithmic intervention and self-censorship has significant ramifications in the dynamic world of social media, particularly for conversations around body modification. As we investigate the nexus of digital citizenship, health education, and aesthetic ideals promoted on visual social media platforms, it becomes clear that artists' understandings of platform governance and algorithmic (in)visibility have a significant impact on molding online experiences.

Understanding Self-Censorship and Algorithmic Intervention

Self-censorship refers to the practice of individuals moderating their own content to align with perceived platform guidelines or societal norms. A study conducted on Chinese social media platform Sina Weibo found that 90.4% of the respondents acknowledged practicing self-censorship. On the other hand, algorithmic intervention involves the automated processes through which social media platforms curate, promote, or suppress content based on various factors such as user behavior, engagement metrics, and platform policies. Social platforms are increasingly adopting automated approaches to suppressing communications that they deem undesirable.

Implications for Body Modification

Algorithmic intervention and self-censorship interact in complex ways when it comes to body modification. Creators who alter their bodies may have to strike a careful balance between being true to themselves and following social norms or platform policies. The human and mechanical components of social media content moderation, which come together to uphold normative gender roles and regulate content pertaining to women and their bodies, have an impact on this equilibrium.

For example, people might self-censor content about body alteration to prevent unfavorable audience reaction or possible algorithmic suppression. To comply with platform policies and prevent inadvertently activating content moderation algorithms, this may entail providing no explicit photographs or descriptions of body altering procedures.

Algorithmic (In)Visibility & Marginalized Identities

Algorithmic intervention can indeed perpetuate algorithmic (in)visibility, particularly for marginalized identities within the context of body modification. Content producers that question social norms or stray from conventional beauty standards may be subject to algorithmic suppression on social media platforms, which would reduce their visibility and audience.

People who identify as LGBTQ+ or display non-traditional body alteration techniques, for instance, may face algorithmic biases that favor mainstream content or uphold heteronormative beauty standards. In online environments, sentiments of marginalization and exclusion may be exacerbated by this algorithmic invisibility.

It's crucial to remember that these biases represent both the biases in the data that these algorithms were trained on as well as the biases that the algorithms themselves produce. Therefore, in order to solve these problems and lessen bias and promote inclusivity, broader societal reforms must be made in addition to adjustments to platform regulations and algorithms. 

Navigating Platform Governance

In order to preserve visibility and reduce the possibility of algorithmic suppression, creators may use a variety of tactics as they negotiate the tricky terrain of platform governance and algorithmic intervention. In order to increase their reach, this could involve working with like-minded producers, participating in specialized forums, or strategically using hashtags.

However, these efforts may also entail a degree of self-censorship as individuals tailor their content to appeal to algorithmic preferences or avoid triggering content moderation algorithms. The conflict between visibility and authenticity highlights the more significant difficulties in managing platform governance in the digital era.

Promoting Digital Literacy and Advocating for Inclusivity

To address these challenges, it is essential to promote digital literacy and advocate for inclusivity within online spaces. By raising awareness of algorithmic biases and fostering dialogue around platform governance, we can empower creators to navigate the digital landscape more effectively while advocating for a more equitable and inclusive online environment.

In conclusion, the concepts of self-censorship and algorithmic intervention have significant implications for discussions surrounding body modification on social media. As creators grapple with platform governance and algorithmic (in)visibility, it is crucial to recognize the complexities of navigating online spaces while advocating for digital literacy and inclusivity. By fostering dialogue and promoting awareness, we can work towards creating a more equitable and empowering digital landscape for all.

Reference

Baer, T 2019, ‘Algorithmic Biases and Social Media’, Apress eBooks, pp. 95–106, viewed 24 March 2024, <https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4842-4885-0_11>.

Chen, X, Xie, J, Wang, Z, Shen, B & Zhou, Z 2023, ‘How We Express Ourselves Freely: Censorship, Self-censorship, and Anti-censorship on a Chinese Social Media’, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer Science+Business Media, pp. 93–108, viewed 24 March 2024, <https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-28032-0_8>.

Cobbe, J 2020, ‘Algorithmic Censorship by Social Platforms: Power and Resistance’, Philosophy & Technology, vol. 34, no. 4, Springer Nature (Netherlands), pp. 739–766, viewed 24 March 2024, <https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13347-020-00429-0>.

Duffy, BE & Meisner, C 2022, ‘Platform governance at the margins: Social media creators’ experiences with algorithmic (in)visibility’, Media, Culture & Society, vol. 45, no. 2, SAGE Publishing, pp. 285–304, viewed 24 March 2024, <https://www.academia.edu/83730630/Platform_governance_at_the_margins_Social_media_creators_experiences_with_algorithmic_in_visibility>.

Gerrard, Y & Thornham, H 2020, ‘Content moderation: Social media’s sexist assemblages’, New Media & Society, vol. 22, no. 7, pp. 1266–1286.

Gongane, VU, Munot, MV & Anuse, AD 2022, ‘Detection and moderation of detrimental content on social media platforms: current status and future directions’, Social Network Analysis and Mining, vol. 12, no. 1, Springer Science+Business Media, viewed 24 March 2024, <https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13278-022-00951-3>.

[khanhngoswh00880]

Week 7: Digital Citizenship and Health Education: Body Modification on Visual Social Media

Week 7: Digital Citizenship and Health Education: Body Modification on Visual Social Media

DEFINITION OF BODY MODIFICATION

Is a completely voluntary change in body, appearance and aesthetics. This need a combination of changing and cosmetic methods, using of surgical tools, chemical injections, using of jewelry and an exercise regimen to change appearance. There will always be an aesthetic element to this and there will have some special situations in each place's customs and culture.

The appearance  of social networking have a special role in acting as a catalyst for people to modify their appearance. With the development of technology and social networks, the transformation of the body and social networks will create combined elements. We all know that social networks are a powerful breakthrough in communication, with a strong role in coverage worldwide with platforms such as Facebook, INS, YouTube... social networks have become one of the places where thay show their personality through images, videos, especifically their appearance. This has a strong correlation with their decision to change their appearance.

According to Mr. Jonathan, he spent a lot of time discovering that people can be emotionally affected by "brand" images. He argues that “emotion work involves managing the tension between competing online and offline self-presentations, descriptions, and transformations of online and offline identities.

Mr. Jonathan says: “Identity dissonance can be difficult to manage offline when there is a significant difference between online and offline body image.” …. Although the appearance very inspire but many reasearchs show that social media sets many beauty standards unreal, so that are directly linked to concerns about body image and body modification which creates a problem: Virtual living, unrealistic living, lack of perspective from outside life.

In addition to being a factor influencing a person's decision to celebrate their beauty, social media is also a place where people like to "self-mutilate" - a word conceptualized to refer to the act of tattooing and piercing. on the body, a sense of familiarity can be found.

Reference list

‘Body modification vs. social media: Is there any connection?’ n.d., Spiderum, viewed 22 March 2024, <https://spiderum.com/bai-dang/Body-modification-vs-social-media-Is-there-any-connection-HUk3sCwKK5l1?fbclid=IwAR2b4SyVSR25L60tA5Yq0xrO0yBP6YDANj4plCRrGWzolZ_L7G8ShuAD9ns%20%5BAccessed%2026%20Feb.%202024%5D.>.

2022, Swinburne.edu.au, viewed 22 March 2024, <https://researchbank.swinburne.edu.au/items/a9c91c82-0f40-4e0b-9e2e-9ec1433bafda/1/>.

[dyms125]

Week 7: Digital Citizenship and Health Education: Body Modification on Visual Social Media

Introduction In the digital age, social media platforms have become pivotal in shaping societal perceptions of body image and influencing health behaviors. Visual platforms like Instagram, TikTok, and Snapchat are particularly significant in the context of body modification trends. This essay explores the intersection of digital citizenship and health education concerning body modification practices on visual social media platforms.

The Influence of Visual Social Media on Body Modification Trends Visual social media platforms provide a space for individuals to share images and videos showcasing various forms of body modification, including tattoos, piercings, cosmetic surgeries, and body enhancements. These platforms amplify trends and create communities centered around aesthetic ideals and self-expression. Research by Tiggemann and Slater (2014) highlights the impact of exposure to idealized body images on social media, which can contribute to body dissatisfaction and drive individuals towards pursuing body modification procedures.

Digital Citizenship and Critical Engagement Digital citizenship encompasses the responsible and ethical use of technology to engage with online content and communities. In the context of body modification on visual social media, digital citizenship involves critically evaluating the portrayal of beauty standards and understanding the potential implications of participating in these trends. Educating individuals about media literacy and promoting critical thinking skills is essential in fostering responsible digital citizenship (Hobbs, 2010).

Health Education and Harm Reduction Health education plays a crucial role in mitigating the potential risks associated with body modification practices promoted on social media. By providing accurate information about the procedures, risks, and aftercare, health educators can empower individuals to make informed decisions about their bodies. Additionally, promoting messages of self-acceptance and body positivity can counteract unrealistic beauty standards perpetuated by social media influencers (Levine & Piran, 2019).

Collaborative Campaigns Collaborative efforts between health educators and social media influencers have the potential to positively impact digital citizenship and health behaviors. For example, partnerships between plastic surgeons and influencers can promote responsible cosmetic surgery practices and emphasize the importance of patient safety and informed consent. Similarly, campaigns featuring diverse body types and advocating for self-love and acceptance can challenge conventional beauty norms and encourage digital citizens to embrace their unique appearances.

Conclusion In conclusion, the prevalence of body modification trends on visual social media platforms underscores the importance of promoting digital citizenship and health education. By equipping individuals with the knowledge and skills to critically engage with online content and make informed decisions about body modification practices, we can foster a culture of responsible digital citizenship and promote positive health outcomes.

References

Hobbs, R. (2010). Digital and media literacy: A plan of action. Aspen Institute.

Levine, M. P., & Piran, N. (2019). Reflections on social media and body image in early adolescents: A positive approach to promoting healthy body image. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 52(6), 729-733.

Tiggemann, M., & Slater, A. (2014). NetGirls: The Internet, Facebook, and body image concern in adolescent girls. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 47(6), 630-643.

[mda20009blogassignment]

Week 7: Digital Citizenship and Health Education: Body Modification on Visual Social Media

The complex and delicate issue of body alteration has found a fertile home in the modern era's visual social media platforms. Being aware of the influence of platform algorithms, cultural norms, and the fuzziness of boundaries between individual agency and peer pressure is crucial for digital citizens to approach these discussions critically.

The discourse surrounding body alteration and health education is impacted by algorithms that have the power to magnify or censor material, which creators in these settings frequently encounter (Duffy & Meisner, 2022).

The "promotion" and "reconnaissance" tasks that young women undertake in relation to their body image on social media are explored (Carah & Dobson, 2016). This begs the question of the veracity and potential health effects of body alteration content, and it also highlights the extreme self-surveillance encouraged by these sites.

The reasons for body alteration procedures can be better understood with the help of David C. Lane's process-based model (Lane, 2017). It makes us think about the ways digital platforms might change or alter these drives, impacting how people see things and what they do, which could have negative consequences.

Body alteration as a means of monetizing attention is highlighted by Drenten et al.'s research on the sexualization of labour in digital culture. In the case of social media influencers trying to make it big, this phenomena might amplify the already existing demands to adhere to unattainable ideals of beauty.

Concerns regarding the ethical implications of selling medical treatments as lifestyle choices and the potential minimisation of risks and effects are raised by Dorfman et al.'s research on the use of hashtags on Instagram for plastic surgery.

It is our responsibility as digital citizens to critically engage with body alteration content on social media, calling for openness, ethical practices, and safe spaces that put health and wellness ahead of superficial appearances. Here in the internet realm, we have a once in a lifetime chance to spread an educated, balanced view of body modification that prioritises individual responsibility, well-being, and security.

References

Carah, N., & Dobson, A. (2016). Algorithmic hotness: Young women’s “promotion” and “reconnaissance” work via social media body images. Social Media + Society, 2(4), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305116672885

Dorfman, R. G., Vaca, E. E., Mahmood, E., Fine, N. A., & Schierle, C. F. (2017). Plastic Surgery-Related Hashtag Utilization on Instagram: Implications for Education and Marketing. Swinburne University of Technology; Swinburne University of Technology. file:///Users/hanhtrang/Downloads/Dorfman%20et%20al%20Plastic%20Surgery-Related%20Hashtag%20Utilization.pdf

Drenten, J., Gurrieri, L., & Tyler, M. (2019). Sexualized labour in digital culture: Instagram influencers, porn chic and the monetization of attention. Gender, Work & Organization, 27(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/gwao.12354

Duffy, B. E., & Meisner, C. (2022). Platform governance at the margins: Social media creators’ experiences with algorithmic (in)visibility. Media, Culture & Society, 45(2), 016344372211119. https://doi.org/10.1177/01634437221111923

Lane, D. C. (2017). Understanding body modification: A process-based framework. Sociology Compass, 11(7), e12495. https://doi.org/10.1111/soc4.12495

[nnbkha1210]

Week 7: Digital Citizenship and Health Education: Body Modification on Visual Social Media

In light of the swift advancements in technology and evolving beauty ideals, there has been notable focus on body modification, both online and offline, in recent times. Platforms on the internet and within the pharmaceutical sector have enabled individuals to alter their physical appearance, often seeking to attract attention.

To begin with, body modification involves sharing and endorsing various alterations made to the human body on platforms like Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube. This encompasses a diverse array of intentional changes, ranging from tattoos, piercings, and scarification to hair coloring, body painting, cosmetic surgeries, and even more extreme modifications like implants or the removal of certain body parts. Additionally, body alterations can also be digitally manipulated using applications like Photoshop, allowing individuals to adjust their appearance by modifying features such as form, size, skin tone, facial characteristics, or adding accessories like tattoos and piercings.

Today's social media shows that the majority of the celebrities and influencers we know and love often modify their images before sharing them. Because social media users may digitally alter photos by adding filters or reducing body weight, it defies reality (McGovern, Collins & Dunne 2022).

Besides the physical repercussions, altering bodily features can also impact our mental well-being and contribute to psychological disorders. Mental health is crucial for overall wellness, yet modifying our bodies may introduce new anxieties instead of enhancing self-confidence. This can lead to detrimental behaviors and necessitate medical intervention. Why do we experience unease despite making these changes? It persists because altering our appearance does not address the fundamental issue that our self-esteem, if not cultivated from within, cannot be restored solely through external modifications. Observing noticeable disparities in others may have contributed to the development of low self-esteem, which in turn can influence one's sense of identity (Diamond 2021).

In summary, the prevalence of body modification in today's digital age underscores the influence of technology and changing beauty standards. While platforms like Instagram and TikTok provide avenues for showcasing alterations to the human body, such modifications can have profound effects on mental well-being. Despite the allure of physical transformation, true self-confidence cannot be achieved through external changes alone. It is imperative to prioritize mental health and cultivate inner strength rather than seeking validation from external sources. By embracing our individuality and navigating societal pressures with resilience, we can foster a healthier relationship with ourselves in the digital era.

Reference:

Diamond, E 2021, ‘How Physical Beauty Affects a Person’s Self-Esteem’, Psychreg, viewed <https://www.psychreg.org/physical-beauty-affects-person-self-esteem/>.

McGovern, O, Collins, R & Dunne, S 2022, ‘The associations between photo-editing and body concerns among females: A systematic review’, Body Image, vol. 43, pp. 504–517.

[harangwook]

Week 7 - Digital Citizenship and Health Education: Body Modification on Visual Social Media

The history of body modification

Body modification is a practice with a long history across many cultures as a means of self-expression and representation of one's identity (Lane 2020). However, in modern times, the conversation around altering one's appearance has significantly expanded through online platforms. Social media sites have become virtual galleries where individuals proudly display modifications like tattoos, piercings and cosmetic procedures while curating aesthetically pleasing self-presentations. This visibility labour sees users engaging in self-promotion to garner large followers and perceived online influence. Celebrities in particular have capitalized on their ability to set aesthetic templates for others to follow (Warhurst & Nickson 2020).

Curating online personas

On sites like Instagram, popular "Instagramers" have crafted highly stylized feeds focusing on certain body parts or activities aligned with prevailing templates of masculinity and femininity. For women, this often emphasizes an enhanced hourglass figure with a tiny waist, prominent bust and bottom, and facial features through posed photographs. Specific poses emphasise the curvature of the hips and backside while slimming the midsection. Men likewise showcase chiselled, hairless physiques with well-defined six-pack abs, broad shoulders, and muscular arms and legs during athletic feats or casual modelling shots (Wohlrab et al. 2009; Ellis 2015).

Establishing aesthetic norms

The proliferation of these templates, increasingly influenced by health, fitness and cosmetic surgery influencers, has contributed to a body image crisis for some impressionable users (Timko & Cooper 2022). Individuals experience feelings of inadequacy, low self-esteem and body dysmorphia when comparing their actual bodies to the seemingly flawless, surgically enhanced and heavily curated versions portrayed online (Dobson, Sarah & Robards 2018). This crisis is particularly concerning for teens and young adults who are still developing their self-identity. The templates promoted ignore the vast diversity of natural human forms and can promote unhealthy behaviours like risky procedures, steroid use or eating disorders just to achieve an unrealistic ideal.

Impacts of social comparison

While influencers have brought greater awareness to fitness and wellness, their content faces little oversight. Greater responsibility is needed from platforms and influencers themselves to educate viewers and curb the promotion of often unattainable aesthetic goals. However, digital communities also hold the power to shape social norms. Users must cultivate their online spaces with positivity, acceptance of diversity and discouragement of harmful comparison behaviours. In this way, both platforms and participants can work to mitigate potential negative impacts.

References

Dobson, A, Carah, N & Robards, BJ 2018, Digital Intimate Publics and Social Media: Towards Theorising Public Lives on Private Platforms, research.monash.edu, Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 3–27, viewed 6 March 2024, https://research.monash.edu/en/publications/digital-intimate-publics-and-social-media-towards-theorising-publ.

Ellis, JB 2015, 'Platform principles: A community-centric approach to governing online social platforms', Social Media + Society, vol. 1, no. 2, 2056305115610862.

Lane, DC 2020, "Understand body modification: A process-based framework." International Journal of Social Research Methodology, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 171-186.

Timko, A, Cooper, M 2022, 'Body Dissatisfaction, Body Image Disturbance, Body Dysmorphia: A Primer for Providers, Caregivers and Media', policylab.chop.edu, viewed 6 March 2024, https://policylab.chop.edu/blog/body-dissatisfaction-body-image-disturbance-body-dysmorphia-primer-providers-caregivers-and.

Wohlrab, S, et al. 2009, 'Mirror, mirror on the wall, who is the most tattooed of them all?', Personality and Individual Differences, vol. 46, no. 5-6, 627-631.

#mda20009

[mannhihuynhle]

WEEK 7:

The correlation between digital platform and body dysmorphia

This week's readings focus on the influence of social media in shaping contemporary beauty standards. Through this discussion, we aim to understand the intricate relationship between social media, beauy ideals, and their profound impact on mental and physical health.

Body dysmorphia, also known as body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), is a mental health condition characterized by a preoccupation with perceived flaws or defects in physical appearance that are often undetectable to others. Individuals with body dysmorphia experience significant distress and impairment in daily functioning due to their obsessive thoughts about their appearance.

In contemporary society, digital media platforms have become central arenas for the dissemination of beauty standards, often influencing individuals' perceptions of their bodies and driving them towards drastic measures such as plastic surgery. The intersection of digital citizenship and health education in the realm of body modification on visual social media presents a complex landscape where notions of beauty, self-esteem, and digital responsibility intertwine.

Visual social media platforms like Instagram, TikTok, YouTube... are rife with images and videos showcasing idealized standards of beauty. These platforms often feature influencers and celebrities who epitomize these standards, promoting a narrow and often unattainable image of physical perfection. This relentless exposure to curated images can lead to a phenomenon known as "social comparison," where individuals measure their own appearance against those portrayed on social media, often resulting in feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem.

In this digital landscape, the pressure to conform to societal beauty standards can be overwhelming, leading some individuals to resort to plastic surgery as a means of achieving the desired aesthetic. Cosmetic procedures such as rhinoplasty, breast augmentation, and lip fillers have become increasingly popular, with many citing social media as a primary influence behind their decision to undergo surgery. Studies have shown a correlation between exposure to idealized images on social media and an increased desire for cosmetic enhancement, particularly among younger demographics.

The implications of this phenomenon extend beyond individual choices, raising important questions about digital citizenship and ethical responsibility. Social media platforms have a duty to foster a culture of inclusivity and body positivity, rather than perpetuating harmful beauty standards. Likewise, educators and health professionals play a crucial role in promoting critical media literacy skills and empowering individuals to navigate digital spaces mindfully. Below are some video about social media and influence on our appearance.

The key message of the video "Social Media and Body Image: Mindset Monday" is to encourage viewers to cultivate a positive body image and self-esteem, despite the negative influence of social media. The speaker emphasizes the detrimental effects of comparing oneself to unrealistic beauty standards promoted on platforms like Instagram. She highlights the importance of self-acceptance and self-love, urging viewers to focus on their individual worth and strengths rather than seeking validation from social media. Additionally, the video emphasizes the need for critical thinking and media literacy skills to navigate the digital landscape responsibly and protect one's mental well-being. Overall, the message promotes resilience against the damaging impact of social media on body image and promotes a mindset of self-empowerment and authenticity.

The key message of Dove's "Reverse Selfie | Have #TheSelfieTalk" campaign is to encourage audience to change their thinking about the influence of social media on self-esteem and body image. The video portrays a reverse time-lapse showing a young girl's transformation from a confident and happy child to one who feels insecure and pressured to conform to unrealistic beauty standards, as reflected in her selfies. Through this powerful visualization, Dove aims to raise awareness about the negative impact of social media on young people's self-image and mental well-being. The campaign advocates for parents to initiate conversations with their children about self-esteem, body confidence, and the importance of self-acceptance in the face of societal pressures propagated by social media. Ultimately, Dove encourages families to have #TheSelfieTalk to promote positive self-image and resilience against harmful beauty ideals perpetuated online.

In conclusion, the intersection of digital citizenship and health education in the context of body modification on visual social media underscores the need for a nuanced understanding of how digital media shapes perceptions of beauty and influences behavior. By acknowledging the role of social media in perpetuating beauty standards and promoting plastic surgery, we can work towards cultivating a more inclusive and empowering online environment. Empowering individuals to critically engage with digital media and promoting a diverse representation of beauty are essential steps towards fostering a culture of digital citizenship and promoting holistic health and well-being.

Reference:

References

References

Adkins, A. (2018, May 9). How social media contributes to body dysmorphic behavior. The Lexington Line. https://www.thelexingtonline.com/blog/2018/5/7/how-social-media-contributes-to-body-dysmorphic-behaviors

D'Amore Mental Health. (2022, January 26). The relationship between social media and body dysmorphia | d’amore. Damorementalhealth.com. https://damorementalhealth.com/social-media-and-body-dysmorphia/

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