#Divide and conquer algorithm

[vatche-dev]

Grokking Algorithms #4: Divide and Conquer

This post covers Chapter 4 from Grokking Algorithms, which introduces the Divide and Conquer approach as a lead-in to the Quicksort algorithm. Divide and Conquer When I was ten years old, I participated in a weeklong camp program as part of my fifth grade class. The participants were divided into groups, with each group assigned a guide. One night, our guide told a fable about a village in…

[a-sound-relief]

The Holographic Principle - Epica (2016)

I fell a bit behind with Epica's discography: I know them well up to Requiem for the Indifferent, but in the following years I stopped listening to metal for a while and, to be honest, their following album title The Quantum Enigma threw me off a bit as a physicist. In recent years I've resumed metal and even happened to see them live for one of their "Symphonic Synergy" concerts last September, that I loved. I especially started banging to Beyond the Matrix after that and heard wonders about this album, so here it is. The symphonic and choir parts are well balanced with the heaviness across all tracks, and the album feels quite cohesive overall - so much so that I'm not sure which tracks stand out as my favorites at this first listen. I have, however, some highlights to write down: choirs in A Phantasmic Parade, drums in Divide and Conquer, the strong comeback intro of The Cosmic Algorithm after the ballad interlude and the cinematic one in the following Ascension. Finally, what surprised me most are the bonus tracks, that are folky revisitations of some of the main songs - completely unexpected and unrelated to the album, but I do like some good experimentation.

Eidola

Edge of the Blade

A Phantasmic Parade

Universal Death Squad

Divide and Conquer

Beyond the Matrix ❤

Once Upon a Nightmare

The Cosmic Algorithm

Ascension – Dream State Armageddon

Dancing in a Hurricane

Tear Down Your Walls

The Holographic Principle – A Profound Understanding of Reality

[Bonus] Beyond the Good, the Bad and the Ugly

[Bonus] Dancing in a Gypsy Camp

[Bonus] Immortal Melancholy - Acoustic Version

[Bonus] The Funky Algorithm

[Bonus] Universal Love Squad

Listen on Spotify

[jbcchan]

[kick-the-clouds]

The Invisible War Is Online

Russia doesn’t need tanks to invade the West—it has memes.

While we were busy arguing over pineapple on pizza, Moscow was planting seeds of chaos in our timelines. Social media, once a playground for dog photos and recipe swaps, is now a battlefield. But instead of bullets, the Kremlin fires disinformation—short, snappy lies designed to divide and destroy. And here’s the kicker: it’s working.

Their tactics are laughably simple. Fake accounts? Check. Misleading headlines? Check. Emotionally charged garbage to rile you up? Double check. A “concerned mom” on Facebook warns about some vague, dangerous agenda. A “veteran analyst” on Twitter peddles outright nonsense. Meanwhile, you're too busy rage-sharing to notice the strings attached to these puppets of propaganda.

Russia knows our weakness: we love drama more than truth. The algorithm doesn’t care what’s real; it cares about what’s clickable. And that’s where they strike. They feed the frenzy, stoke the outrage, and sit back while we fight each other in the comments. Divide and conquer has gone digital.

What’s the antidote? Verifiable journalism. Not some half-baked opinion blog or a screenshot of a Reddit thread—actual reporting backed by facts. It’s not flashy, but it’s what keeps the wolves of disinformation at bay. Without it, we’re sitting ducks, clicking ourselves into oblivion.

The next time you see a headline that makes your blood boil, take a breath. Who benefits from your anger? Chances are, it’s not you.

[gobblinhours]

So is 4 traumatized from being parallel cannon? And if so does 3 help or sympathize with her? Since they know what it feels like to be controlled

My Four is separate from Parallel Canon so this turned into a word vomit dump about how it works sorry (also i've been working on this since i got the ask since i actually have Motivation for once and im scared to see how long this took)

I'm interpreting Parallel Canon as a modification of the initial security system that was based off of data collected from Four.

My current concept is that the security system was created by Four fighting an incredibly basic simulation of an inkfish enemy that when splatted, respawned with recorded data from a mask that Four was wearing (along with the basic starting data extracted from a bunch of videos of Four going through Octo Canyon) which allowed the simulation to learn, making it get a little better at combat each time. The reason it was done like this and not just copying Four's soul is because Marina has Ethics and didn't want to Ship-of-Theseus her security system.

The end result is something weaker than the original, due to a slew of different factors (primarily worse improvisational skills.). Though the numbers difference should (in theory) make the difference negligible. After all, quantity is a quality in itself.

Parallel Canon differs from the original security system in that instead of a team of equals, it's a hierarchical system, with one "alpha" and a slew of lesser copies, each with the added abilities to summon Jelletons and mimic the color chips of the enemy's palette. The Alpha itself is derived from the original system and combined with a copy of the "soul data" from Four's palette for an extra boost, which is then copied again for the drones. Though each time the data is copied, it loses "potency", meaning that a drone with soul data straight from the palette would be 3-4 times as strong as a drone copied from the alpha. This is done to save processing power, as instead of a bunch of power-sucking supersoldiers, there's one and a bunch of less annoying scraps. (This is also why they are sent out in waves, to save processing power)

To maintain effectiveness, the lesser drones function similar to the Geth from Mass Effect, meaning that the more there are on the field, the sharper their mental faculties become. By doing this, it allows the drones to each be of similar competency to the Alpha when in large enough numbers, while making it less strenuous on the system by having them support eachother. (Don't @ me about the logic Marina made a full-dive VR that eats souls)

While the Parallel Canon are an overall improvement on the original security system in nearly every way, it shares a weakness with the original: the age-old strategy of "divide and conquer." Individually, the Canon soldiers are about on-par with a standard inkfish, so while it would be a toss-up against a normal invader, against someone like Eight, it's a bloodbath, and it only gets worse as more fall due to the Geth-like modification made by Order.

Back to the soul data, luckily the palette isn't enough to make an actual copy of Four, only making the Alpha like a Four-based chatbot. Emulating her behaviors the best it can with the restrictions put upon it by Order and its environment, though it's not actually alive, just responding to stimuli in a Four-like manner without any thought or intention behind the behaviors. (The drones also have an amount of variation due to imperfections in the copying process, as the initial copy was modified to learn towards combat skills, but a small error remained in the process that made subsequent copies lean towards random personality traits (the copy preference no longer had a target due to the battle data already being maxed out, so it defaulted to random), though they are even less "alive" than the Alpha)

TL;DR: The original security system was a machine learning algorithm that was based off of and fought Four to advance in skill, which was then modified and subsequently copied into the current form of Parallel Canon, meaning that Agent Four and the Alpha Canon are two separate entities.

TL;DRTTL;DR: Four fought a robot a bunch and doesn't even know what a "Parallel Canon" is.

[hackeocafe]

Data Structure and Algorithms in JAVA | Full Course on Data Structure

In this course, we are going to discuss Data Structures and Algorithms using Java Programming. The data structure is a way to store and organize data so that it can be used efficiently. It is a set of concepts that we can use in any programming language to structure the data in the memory. Data structures are widely used in almost every aspect of computer science i.e. operating systems, computer science, compiler design, Artificial Intelligence, graphic,s and many more. Some examples of Data structures that we are going to cover in this course are arrays, linked lists, stack, queue, Binary Tree, Binary Search Tree, Graphs, etc. Apart from knowing these data structures, it's also important to understand the algorithmic analysis of a given code. Different Sorting and searching techniques will be talked about with their implementation in java programming. Lastly, this course contains information on the Greedy approach, Dynamic approach, and divide and Conquer approach to programming.

[digitaldetoxworld]

7 Mathematics Problem Solving Strategies With Solutions Boost Your Learning

 Mathematics Problem Solving Strategies With Solutions isn't merely approximately solving problems but growing a systematic approach to address numerous demanding situations. Here, we'll discover some effective problem-solving techniques that can useful resource students and specialists alike in their mathematical endeavors.

 Understand the Problem

Mathematics Problem Solving Strategies For Students the first and most essential step is to very well recognize the hassle. Read the problem cautiously and pick out what is being asked. Break it down into simpler components if necessary. This might contain:

Restating the Problem

Rephrase the hassle on your own words to ensure comprehension.

Identifying Given Information

Note down what facts is supplied and what desires to be found.

Visualizing the Problem

Draw diagrams or graphs if the hassle is geometric or involves spatial reasoning.

 Devise a Plan

Once you recognize the hassle, formulate a approach to remedy it. There are diverse strategies you may take:

Choose a Strategy: 

Select the best strategy primarily based on the sort of problem. Common techniques include:

Direct Computation

Use formulas or algorithms to solve the trouble at once.

Backtracking:

Start from the solution and paintings backward.

Working Backwards

 Begin with the preferred outcome and determine the stairs had to reach it.

Divide and Conquer

Break the problem into smaller, extra workable components and clear up each part one at a time.

Pattern Recognition

Look for patterns or sequences which could simplify the problem.

Use Analogies: 

Relate the trouble to a comparable one you have solved before.

Develop a Step-through-Step Plan: 

Outline the steps you will take to solve the hassle, making sure each step logically follows from the previous one.

 Carry Out the Plan

Implement your preferred strategy and paintings through the hassle methodically. This section involves:

Executing Steps:

Follow the stairs mentioned on your plan. Be meticulous and double-check your calculations.

Keeping Track of Progress

Regularly assess whether or not you're transferring within the proper course. If you locate that the strategy isn’t running, be organized to revisit and revise your plan.

 Review and Reflect

After attaining an answer, take the time to review your work:

Verify the Solution: 

Check the outcomes to make sure they may be correct. Substitute your solution again into the original trouble if applicable.

Analyze the Process

Reflect on the approach you used. Consider if there has been a extra efficient way to remedy the trouble.

Learn from Mistakes

 If the answer is incorrect, pick out where the mistake happened and understand why. Learning from mistakes allows in improving problem-fixing talents.

Common Strategies for Different Types of Problems

Here’s the way to follow the above techniques to extraordinary forms of mathematical issues:

Algebraic Problems

Simplify the Expression: 

Combine like terms and simplify expressions as tons as possible.

Isolate Variables

Solve for the variable via isolating it on one aspect of the equation.

Check Solutions:

Substitute again into the unique equation to verify the solution.

 Geometric Problems

Use Formulas

Apply appropriate geometric formulas for area, quantity, and perimeter.

Apply Theorems: 

Utilize geometric theorems like Pythagorean theorem, residences of comparable triangles, etc.

Draw Diagrams: 

Accurate diagrams can offer insights and assist in visualizing the problem.

 Calculus Problems

Understand the Functions

Know the function’s behavior, inclusive of continuity and differentiability.

Apply Calculus Rules: 

Use differentiation and integration rules as it should be.

Check Limits

Verify limits and asymptotic behavior for more complicated troubles.

 Combinatorial Problems

Use Counting Principles: 

Apply essential counting principles like diversifications and mixtures.

Inclusion-Exclusion Principle: 

Use this principle for problems regarding overlapping units.

Generate Functions: 

Use generating features for complex counting troubles.

 Number Theory Problems

Use Divisibility Rules:

Apply regulations for divisibility to simplify the problem.

Explore Modular Arithmetic: 

Use modular mathematics for troubles involving remainders.

Use Theorems: 

Apply number concept theorems like Fermat’s Little Theorem or Euler’s Theorem.

 Practice and Persistence

Consistent exercise is prime to becoming proficient in problem-solving. Regularly have interaction with numerous issues to build and strengthen your talents. Additionally:

Study Different Approaches

Explore various strategies and answers to apprehend a couple of approaches to resolve a hassle.

Work on Real-World Problems

Apply mathematical standards to actual-world scenarios to enhance realistic understanding.

Collaborate with Others

Discussing problems with peers or mentors can provide new insights and techniques.

Tools and Resources

Utilize various equipment and sources to aid in trouble-solving:

Mathematical Software

Tools like MATLAB, Mathematica, or maybe on line calculators can help in performing complicated calculations and visualizing facts.

Books and Journals

Refer to mathematical textbooks and research journals for in-intensity factors and superior strategies.

Online Forums and Communities

Mathematics Problem Solving Strategies For High School engage with online math communities for aid and collaborative problem-solving.

[seedyjahateh]

First Blog, First Day in Research

Today (Mon. May 15) was quite fruitful and fascinating. I have been very curious about the new ideas I will learn about astrophotographs and how to use software to collect useful data from them. Our Principal Investigator, Professor Dianna M. Wilborne, is such a creative, passionate, caring, and innovative teacher and leader.

After filling us with excitement and enthusiasm, she worked us through her previous work on counting objects in astrophotographs, and an overview of what to expect ahead. We learned that we can certainly estimate, with high precision, the number of objects in astrophotographs. She showed we can do this by the "Divide & Conquer" method. This method involves developing and testing an algorithm on a concise subset of the original image. With this algorithm, we can develop software to determine the object count in a very small subset of a photograph.

We also learned about bracketing, exposure, and noise in photography and their significance in taking good astronomical photographs. I learned that bracketing helps reduce noise and prevents over and under-exposure. I also learned how secondary mirror attachment in cameras creates spikes in images of illuminated objects.

We also learned about Wood's problem-solving model and made a presentation on the Scientific Method. Wood's model involves: Defining the problem, Thinking about it, Planning a solution, Executing the solution, and Reflecting on the result(s). The Scientific Method involves 6 steps which are:

Making observations about the problem or system in question

Researching your Topic

Create a Hypothesis

Predictions and Testing

Analyze Results

Iteration

To help us make excellent blog posts about our research, we read the article "The 8 Habits of Highly Effective Bloggers" by Annabel Candy. These 8 habits include:

1. Effective bloggers are prolific

2. Effective bloggers are concise

3. Effective bloggers are analytical

4. Effective bloggers are lifelong learners

5. Effective bloggers are focused and consistent

6. Effective bloggers plan ahead

7. Effective bloggers are persistent

8. Effective bloggers are self-starters

I found the article very educative and helped me have a better perspective on blogging and its relevance in education. Speaking of the relevance of blogging in education, we also explored the article "Benefits Of Blogging In Education". The benefits outlined in the article include:

Promoting self-expression  

Developing analytical thinking 

Exercising students’ creativity  

Improving students’ writing skills 

Encouraging the sharing of resources among students and teachers.

Professor Wilborne also taught us how to keep well-organized data in a lab notebook.

As you might already notice, I am so excited to be part of this research, and I hope to make a meaningful contribution to it and hopefully learn even more.

Thank you so much for reading my first blog. Feel free to leave me a comment if you have any suggestions for me.

[leetcode1]

LEETCODE PROBLEMS 1-100 . C++ SOLUTIONS

Arrays and Two Pointers   1. Two Sum – Use hashmap to find complement in one pass.   26. Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array – Use two pointers to overwrite duplicates.   27. Remove Element – Shift non-target values to front with a write pointer.   80. Remove Duplicates II – Like #26 but allow at most two duplicates.   88. Merge Sorted Array – Merge in-place from the end using two pointers.   283. Move Zeroes – Shift non-zero values forward; fill the rest with zeros.

Sliding Window   3. Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters – Use hashmap and sliding window.   76. Minimum Window Substring – Track char frequency with two maps and a moving window.

Binary Search and Sorted Arrays   33. Search in Rotated Sorted Array – Modified binary search with pivot logic.   34. Find First and Last Position of Element – Binary search for left and right bounds.   35. Search Insert Position – Standard binary search for target or insertion point.   74. Search a 2D Matrix – Binary search treating matrix as a flat array.   81. Search in Rotated Sorted Array II – Extend #33 to handle duplicates.

Subarray Sums and Prefix Logic   53. Maximum Subarray – Kadane’s algorithm to track max current sum.   121. Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock – Track min price and update max profit.

Linked Lists   2. Add Two Numbers – Traverse two lists and simulate digit-by-digit addition.   19. Remove N-th Node From End – Use two pointers with a gap of n.   21. Merge Two Sorted Lists – Recursively or iteratively merge nodes.   23. Merge k Sorted Lists – Use min heap or divide-and-conquer merges.   24. Swap Nodes in Pairs – Recursively swap adjacent nodes.   25. Reverse Nodes in k-Group – Reverse sublists of size k using recursion.   61. Rotate List – Use length and modulo to rotate and relink.   82. Remove Duplicates II – Use dummy head and skip duplicates.   83. Remove Duplicates I – Traverse and skip repeated values.   86. Partition List – Create two lists based on x and connect them.

Stack   20. Valid Parentheses – Use stack to match open and close brackets.   84. Largest Rectangle in Histogram – Use monotonic stack to calculate max area.

Binary Trees   94. Binary Tree Inorder Traversal – DFS or use stack for in-order traversal.   98. Validate Binary Search Tree – Check value ranges recursively.   100. Same Tree – Compare values and structure recursively.   101. Symmetric Tree – Recursively compare mirrored subtrees.   102. Binary Tree Level Order Traversal – Use queue for BFS.   103. Binary Tree Zigzag Level Order – Modify BFS to alternate direction.   104. Maximum Depth of Binary Tree – DFS recursion to track max depth.   105. Build Tree from Preorder and Inorder – Recursively divide arrays.   106. Build Tree from Inorder and Postorder – Reverse of #105.   110. Balanced Binary Tree – DFS checking subtree heights, return early if unbalanced.

Backtracking   17. Letter Combinations of Phone Number – Map digits to letters and recurse.   22. Generate Parentheses – Use counts of open and close to generate valid strings.   39. Combination Sum – Use DFS to explore sum paths.   40. Combination Sum II – Sort and skip duplicates during recursion.   46. Permutations – Swap elements and recurse.   47. Permutations II – Like #46 but sort and skip duplicate values.   77. Combinations – DFS to select combinations of size k.   78. Subsets – Backtrack by including or excluding elements.   90. Subsets II – Sort and skip duplicates during subset generation.

Dynamic Programming   70. Climbing Stairs – DP similar to Fibonacci sequence.   198. House Robber – Track max value including or excluding current house.

Math and Bit Manipulation   136. Single Number – XOR all values to isolate the single one.   169. Majority Element – Use Boyer-Moore voting algorithm.

Hashing and Frequency Maps   49. Group Anagrams – Sort characters and group in hashmap.   128. Longest Consecutive Sequence – Use set to expand sequences.   242. Valid Anagram – Count characters using map or array.

Matrix and Miscellaneous   11. Container With Most Water – Two pointers moving inward.   42. Trapping Rain Water – Track left and right max heights with two pointers.   54. Spiral Matrix – Traverse matrix layer by layer.   73. Set Matrix Zeroes – Use first row and column as markers.

This version is 4446 characters long. Let me know if you want any part turned into code templates, tables, or formatted for PDF or Markdown.

[codingprolab]

CSE100 Algorithm Design and Analysis Lab 03

Solving the Max Subarray Problem via Divide-and-conquer Description In this lab assignment, your job is to implement the O(n log n) time divideand-conquer algorithm for the Max Subarray Problem; for the pseudo-code, see page 72 in the textbook or the lecture slides. Recall that in the problem, we are given as input an array A[1 · · · n] of n integers, and would like to find i ∗ and j ∗ (1 ≤ i ∗ ≤…

[teabutmakeitazure]

assignment so bad I'm reading a paper on divide and conquer algorithms written in 1980 because apparently, and I'm just realising this, but our professor did not teach us, let alone even MENTION, that we need to know how to solve recurrences and prove their time complexities using three different methods (substitution, recursion-tree, and master method)

this just makes me realise that this lack of "extra" knowledge is probably why I am barely surviving uni

[programmingandengineering]

CSC 440 Assignment 2: Convex Hull

Introduction In this assignment, you will be implementing a convex hull algorithm. Specifi-cally, you must implement the divide-and-conquer algorithm for com-puting a convex hull. You will be provided with a zip file on EdStem, convexhull.zip, which contains a GUI called draw_hull.py. This GUI allows you to click in a window to add points, click a button to compute and draw the convex hull around…

[codeshive]

CSE100 Algorithm Design and Analysis Lab 03

Solving the Max Subarray Problem via Divide-and-conquer Description In this lab assignment, your job is to implement the O(n log n) time divideand-conquer algorithm for the Max Subarray Problem; for the pseudo-code, see page 72 in the textbook or the lecture slides. Recall that in the problem, we are given as input an array A[1 · · · n] of n integers, and would like to find i ∗ and j ∗ (1 ≤ i ∗ ≤…

[arvindsingharora]

What Are The Core Subjects In B.Tech Computer Science?

B.Tech in Computer Science Engineering (CSE) is one of the most popular engineering programs, focusing on computing technologies, programming, and system design. The curriculum is designed to equip students with theoretical and practical knowledge in various domains of computer science. Here are the core subjects that form the foundation of a B.Tech CSE program.

1. Programming and Data Structures

This subject introduces students to fundamental programming languages like C, C++, Java, and Python. It also covers data structures such as arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, and graphs, which are essential for efficient algorithm development.

2. Algorithms

Algorithms play a crucial role in problem-solving. Students learn about searching, sorting, dynamic programming, and graph algorithms. They also explore algorithm design techniques like divide and conquer, greedy algorithms, and backtracking.

3. Computer Networks

This subject covers networking fundamentals, including the OSI and TCP/IP models, data communication, network protocols, and security. It helps students understand how computers communicate over networks like the internet.

4. Database Management Systems (DBMS)

DBMS introduces students to relational databases, SQL, normalization, indexing, and transactions. Popular database systems like MySQL, PostgreSQL, and MongoDB are also studied in practical applications.

5. Operating Systems (OS)

Operating systems manage computer hardware and software resources. Topics include process management, memory management, file systems, scheduling algorithms, and concurrency in OS like Windows, Linux, and macOS.

6. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

OOP focuses on concepts like classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, and abstraction. Java, C++, and Python are commonly used languages for OOP principles.

7. Computer Architecture and Organization

This subject explores the internal structure of computers, including CPU design, memory hierarchy, instruction sets, and input/output mechanisms. It helps students understand how hardware and software interact.

8. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML)

AI and ML are growing fields in computer science. Students learn about neural networks, deep learning, natural language processing, and AI algorithms that help in automation and decision-making.

9. Software Engineering

This subject focuses on software development methodologies, testing, maintenance, and project management. Agile and DevOps practices are commonly discussed.

10. Cybersecurity and Cryptography

Security is an essential aspect of computing. Topics include encryption techniques, network security, ethical hacking, and risk management to protect data from cyber threats.

11. Web Development and Mobile App Development

Students learn to design and develop websites using HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and frameworks like React and Angular. Mobile app development covers Android and iOS development using tools like Flutter and Swift.

12. Cloud Computing and Big Data

Cloud computing introduces platforms like AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud. Big data topics include Hadoop, data analytics, and distributed computing.

Conclusion

B.Tech in Computer Science covers a diverse range of subjects that prepare students for various career opportunities in software development, data science, AI, cybersecurity, and more. Mastering these core subjects will help students build a strong foundation for a successful career in the IT industry.

[jbcchan]