#NEO Surveyor

[spacetimewithstuartgary]

Work Is Under Way on NASA’s Next-Generation Asteroid Hunter

The mirrors for NASA’s Near-Earth Object Surveyor space telescope are being installed and aligned, and work on other spacecraft components is accelerating.

NASA’s new asteroid-hunting spacecraft is taking shape at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California. Called NEO Surveyor (Near-Earth Object Surveyor), this cutting-edge infrared space telescope will seek out the hardest-to-find asteroids and comets that might pose a hazard to our planet. In fact, it is the agency’s first space telescope designed specifically for planetary defense.

Targeting launch in late 2027, the spacecraft will travel a million miles to a region of gravitational stability — called the L1 Lagrange point — between Earth and the Sun. From there, its large sunshade will block the glare and heat of sunlight, allowing the mission to discover and track near-Earth objects as they approach Earth from the direction of the Sun, which is difficult for other observatories to do. The space telescope also may reveal asteroids called Earth Trojans, which lead and trail our planet’s orbit and are difficult to see from the ground or from Earth orbit.

NEO Surveyor relies on cutting-edge detectors that observe two bands of infrared light, which is invisible to the human eye. Near-Earth objects, no matter how dark, glow brightly in infrared as the Sun heats them. Because of this, the telescope will be able to find dark asteroids and comets, which don’t reflect much visible light. It also will measure those objects, a challenging task for visible-light telescopes that have a hard time distinguishing between small, highly reflective objects and large, dark ones.

“NEO Surveyor is optimized to help us to do one specific thing: enable humanity to find the most hazardous asteroids and comets far enough in advance so we can do something about them,” said Amy Mainzer, survey director for NEO Surveyor and a professor at the University of California, Los Angeles. “We aim to build a spacecraft that can find, track, and characterize the objects with the greatest chance of hitting Earth. In the process, we will learn a lot about their origins and evolution.”

Coming Into Focus

The spacecraft’s only instrument is its telescope. About the size of a washer-and-dryer set, the telescope’s blocky aluminum body, called the optical bench, was built in a JPL clean room. Known as a three-mirror anastigmat telescope, it will rely on curved mirrors to focus light onto its infrared detectors in such a way that minimizes optical aberrations.

“We have been carefully managing the fabrication of the spacecraft’s telescope mirrors, all of which were received in the JPL clean room by July,” said Brian Monacelli, principal optical engineer at JPL. “Its mirrors were shaped and polished from solid aluminum using a diamond-turning machine. Each exceeds the mission’s performance requirements.”

Monacelli inspected the mirror surfaces for debris and damage, then JPL’s team of optomechanical technicians and engineers attached the mirrors to the telescope’s optical bench in August. Next, they will measure the telescope’s performance and align its mirrors.

Complementing the mirror assembly are the telescope’s mercury-cadmium-telluride detectors, which are similar to the detectors used by NASA’s recently retired NEOWISE (short for Near-Earth Object Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer) mission. An advantage of these detectors is that they don’t necessarily require cryogenic coolers or cryogens to lower their operational temperatures in order to detect infrared wavelengths. Cryocoolers and cryogens can limit the lifespan of a spacecraft. NEO Surveyor will instead keep its cool by using its large sunshade to block sunlight from heating the telescope and by occupying an orbit beyond that of the Moon, minimizing heating from Earth.

The telescope will eventually be installed inside the spacecraft’s instrument enclosure, which is being assembled in JPL’s historic High Bay 1 clean room where NASA missions such as Voyager, Cassini, and Perseverance were constructed. Fabricated from dark composite material that allows heat to escape, the enclosure will help keep the telescope cool and prevent its own heat from obscuring observations.

Once it is completed in coming weeks, the enclosure will be tested to make sure it can withstand the rigors of space exploration. Then it will be mounted on the back of the sunshade and atop the electronic systems that will power and control the spacecraft.

“The entire team has been working hard for a long time to get to this point, and we are excited to see the hardware coming together with contributions from our institutional and industrial collaborators from across the country,” said Tom Hoffman, NEO Surveyor’s project manager at JPL. “From the panels and cables for the instrument enclosure to the detectors and mirrors for the telescope — as well as components to build the spacecraft — hardware is being fabricated, delivered, and assembled to build this incredible observatory.”

More About NEO Surveyor

The NEO Surveyor mission marks a major step for NASA toward reaching its U.S. Congress-mandated goal to discover and characterize at least 90% of the near-Earth objects more than 460 feet (140 meters) across that come within 30 million miles (48 million kilometers) of our planet’s orbit. Objects of this size can cause significant regional damage, or worse, should they impact the Earth.

The mission is tasked by NASA’s Planetary Science Division within the Science Mission Directorate; program oversight is provided by the Planetary Defense Coordination Office, which was established in 2016 to manage the agency’s ongoing efforts in planetary defense. NASA’s Planetary Missions Program Office at the agency’s Marshall Space Flight Center provides program management for NEO Surveyor.

The project is being developed by JPL and is led by survey director Amy Mainzer at UCLA. Established aerospace and engineering companies have been contracted to build the spacecraft and its instrumentation, including BAE Systems, Space Dynamics Laboratory, and Teledyne. The Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics at the University of Colorado, Boulder will support operations, and IPAC-Caltech in Pasadena, California, is responsible for processing survey data and producing the mission’s data products. Caltech manages JPL for NASA.

[zoomdigitaltv]

Thales Alenia Space proporcionará equipos de comunicación a la misión NEO Surveyor de la NASA 

El telescopio de la NASA que detectará asteroides potencialmente peligrosos para la Tierra Continue reading Thales Alenia Space proporcionará equipos de comunicación a la misión NEO Surveyor de la NASA 

[michaelgabrill]

[spacenutspod]

Astronomy Daily - The Podcast: S04E46 In this episode of Astronomy Daily, host Anna takes you on an exciting journey through the latest advancements and discoveries in space exploration. From the preparations for SpaceX's Crew 10 mission to groundbreaking insights into supernovae, this episode is packed with captivating stories that will ignite your curiosity about the cosmos. Highlights: - SpaceX's Crew 10 Mission Preparations:Join us as we explore the significant milestones achieved by the Crew 10 astronauts at Kennedy Space Center. Discover how NASA astronauts Anne McClain and Nigel Ayers, JAXA astronaut Takuya Onishi, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Kirill Peskov are gearing up for their journey to the International Space Station, including crucial equipment testing and training. - European Space Breakthrough: Learn about the remarkable achievement of German startup Isar Aerospace, which has successfully completed static fire tests of its Spectrum rocket. This milestone positions Europe closer to establishing its own private orbital launch capabilities, enhancing the continent's space sovereignty. - NASA's NEO Surveyor Mission: Delve into NASA's ambitious Near Earth Object Surveyor mission, set to launch in 2027. This $1.2 billion project aims to detect potentially hazardous asteroids, significantly upgrading our planetary defense capabilities and ensuring the safety of our planet. - PUNCH Mission Insights: Explore the innovative PUNCH mission, scheduled for launch in 2025, which will provide unprecedented observations of the Sun's corona and solar wind. This mission promises to revolutionize our understanding of space weather and its impact on Earth. - China's AI-Driven Deep Space Exploration: Discover China's bold plans to send spacecraft to the edges of our solar system by 2049, utilizing artificial intelligence to navigate and manage resources autonomously. This groundbreaking approach could redefine deep space exploration and pave the way for future missions. - Massive Supernovae Data Release: Uncover the monumental collection of 3,628 Type Ia supernovae observations from the Zwicky Transient Facility. This unprecedented dataset could reshape our understanding of the universe's expansion and provide new insights into dark energy. For more cosmic updates, visit our website at astronomydaily.io. Join our community on social media by searching for #AstroDailyPod on Facebook, X, YouTubeMusic, and TikTok. Don't forget to subscribe to the podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, iHeartRadio, or wherever you get your podcasts. Thank you for tuning in. This is Anna signing off. Until next time, keep looking up and stay curious about the wonders of our universe. 00:00 - Welcome back to Astronomy Daily 01:05 - SpaceX Crew 10 mission preparations 07:30 - Isar Aerospace's Spectrum rocket tests 12:15 - NASA's NEO Surveyor mission 18:00 - PUNCH mission overview 22:30 - China's AI-driven deep space exploration 27:00 - Supernovae data release and implications 32:00 - Conclusion and upcoming content ✍️ Episode References SpaceX Crew 10 Mission [SpaceX](https://www.spacex.com) Isar Aerospace's Spectrum Rocket [Isar Aerospace](https://www.isaraerospace.com) NASA's NEO Surveyor Mission [NASA TV Surveyor](https://www.nasa.gov/neo-surveyor) PUNCH Mission Details [NASA PUNCH](https://www.nasa.gov/punch) Zwicky Transient Facility Supernova Data [ZTF](https://www.ztf.caltech.edu) Astronomy Daily [Astronomy Daily](http://www.astronomydaily.io) Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-space-news-discoveries--5648921/support.

[maeamian]

RIP WISE, you were a hell of a satellite

[rainworld-name-verifier]

here's some DELTARUNE-themed names in celebration of the official release and chapters 3 + 4 coming out on june 4th/5th!

An Enigma Made Null and Void (gaster, supposed to be an iterator name but could also be an echo i guess)

The Surveyor (also gaster, reference to the original "SURVEY_PROGRAM" from 2018)

The Vessel/The Discarded (the player customized "goner" from the very beginning of chapter 1)

Seven Colored Threads, Countless Puppeteers (the players and fandom as a whole)

The Unwilling/The Commander (kris, in the light and dark world respectively)

The Delinquent/The Bruiser (susie, ditto)

The Dark Prince/The Shadowmage (ralsei)

The Lancer (lancer, because i couldnt think of a better bame for him. yes i know it's already taken ;v;)

A King of Spades, One Broken Heart/The Patriarch (king)

A Vast Database, 17 Glasses of Wine/The Matriarch (queen)

Unorthodox Approach (noelle)

The Festive/The Bugtester/The Cryomancer (noelle alt names)

The Gamer/The Intellect (berdly)

A Grave of Snow, Untimely Demise (berdly after not surviving)

A Old Plush, Too Many Stitches/The Shopkeep (seam)

A Canvas, Three Primary Colors/The Painter (swatch)

Ceaseless Chaos, Endless Mirth/The Jester (jevil)

A Disconnected Phone, Deals Gone Wrong/The Salesman (spamton)

A Repurposed Form, Reaching for Heaven/The Dealmaker (spamton neo)

and finally...

FRIEND INSIDE ME

sorry for making this so long, i got excited ;v;

Deltarune tomorrow

Except by the time this makes it through the post queue deltarune will already be out

I hope it’s as good as these names these are all great

[nesiacha]

In honor of Gracchus Babeuf's recent anniversary, here are some informations from his life:

He was apparently born poor. His original first name was François-Noël. He was the eldest of 13 children, most of whom died at a young age. His father gave him a very harsh education: "Education cost my shoulders dearly," he writes, "for to teach me what they did not know, they did so very roughly, and I clearly remember the soldier-like tone and the terribly blunt gestures with which they— I will not say brutalized and repelled, but atrociously tortured my childhood." . It is interesting to note that in the letters Gracchus later sent to his children, whom he loved dearly, he always recommended tenderness and gentleness. I believe he clearly took the opposite approach to his father's upbringing. Gracchus had to work very hard as a laborer from the age of 12 and later became an apprentice to a notary at 17. In 1782, he met his wife, who would be his political right-hand, Marie-Anne Victoire Langlet, a chambermaid working in a castle (a militant in her own right, known for her strong character, and later arrested twice by the Napoleonic police, once in 1801 during the repression of the neo-Jacobins and again in 1808 when they seized all her papers; this couple deserves more recognition—they are just as interesting as other lesser-known revolutionary couples). They had a love marriage. While working, he also continued his education with ancient authors and sought to raise his children according to the principles of Rousseau, a philosopher he admired. He reflected on social inequalities, the misery of peasants, and the abuses of feudalism. He became estranged from the lords and called for the abolition of fiefs during the preparation of the Estates-General. “What a terrible conflagration, if the masses one day came to ask why some have everything and others nothing!”

He was a distinguished correspondent for the Academy of Arras. Gracchus Babeuf became politically involved from the early stages of the French Revolution, particularly by participating in drafting the cahiers de doléances for the convocation of the Estates-General. He proposed additions to the cahier of the Third Estate of the bailiwick of Roye, but his suggestions were rejected. After the storming of the Bastille, he went to Paris, became a correspondent for a newspaper, and publicly criticized revolutionary figures like Mirabeau in his pamphlet La Nouvelle Distinction des Ordres. Before his political career, Babeuf worked as a land surveyor, a role that involved managing legal documents relating to land ownership, earning him the ironic label of "archivist-terrorist." These early experiences and his militant engagement would later lead him to defend radical ideas, especially through the Conspiration des Égaux, advocating for an egalitarian republic.

In July 1789, Gracchus Babeuf was in Paris to oversee the publication of his work Cadastre Perpétuel, which he had developed with the surveyor Audiffred. This book, published in October, proposed an innovative method for measuring land using trigonometry, aiming to rationalize property tax. However, it went further by advocating for a tax reform based on proportionality of properties and, more radically, a redistribution of land—a sort of “agrarian law.” Babeuf defended this idea in response to those who respected private property too much, arguing that the needs of the millions of destitute people must be addressed before they were driven to despair.

Back in Roye, he led a campaign for the abolition of indirect taxes and redeemable rights, organizing a petition in 800 communes and starting a journal, Le Correspondant Picard. Due to his actions, he was imprisoned in Paris in May 1790 but was freed under popular pressure. After a second imprisonment in April 1791 in Roye, he sparked new mobilizations for his release. It is important to note that Babeuf was never really interested in science. In fact, he considered limiting scientific education, arguing that its complexity might create inequalities among students (one of his bizarre and even false ideas). However, on the other hand, he was one of the revolutionaries who truly envisioned property rights in a more egalitarian way, particularly in terms of agrarian laws.

In 1790, he renounced Catholicism and first took the name Camille, after one of the heroes of the Roman Republic. Then, in 1794, he changed it to Gracchus, in homage to the Gracchi brothers, who led a popular party in Rome. He was so fervent about names that he renamed his eldest son Émile in honor of Rousseau, his second son Camille, and his third son Caius. He was unfortunate to survive his two daughters: the first, Sophie, died in 1787 at the age of 4 from an accident that severely scalded her hips, plunging Gracchus into deep despair. His second daughter, also named Sophie, died of malnutrition at 7 years old in 1795. He wrote, "I had a seven-year-old daughter; I soon received the heartbreaking news that she had died from the murderous reduction of two ounces of bread." It was a terrible period because Gracchus was in prison again, and Marie-Anne had been arrested for two days for handling her husband’s journal subscriptions (and for one of Gracchus' escapes, although he was caught again). She was released, and her arrest was criticized by her friend René Vatar and René Lebois.

This must have been the hardest time for him (and for Marie-Anne, the worst was yet to come). Throughout his life during the revolution, he repeatedly went in and out of prison until his execution, continuing his struggle. Contrary to what Zweig or other works might claim, portraying him as simple-minded or mediocre, he was, in fact, intelligent (even though he sometimes made foolish decisions). His ideas on taxes, his views on the assassination of Foulon during the storming of the Bastille, his humanism, and his ultra-revolutionary stance on economic issues (on property rights and taxes) show his sharpness. He protested against unnecessary and arbitrary violence, such as during the repression in the Vendée, and also criticized the violence from the other side. He, along with others, predicted the rise of Bonaparte, reading newspapers in his prison. Yes, at one point, he was manipulated by Fouché (and that doesn’t mean Fouché only manipulated fools), but Babeuf showed him the door once he realized who Fouché truly was. Babeuf was deeply committed to equality and social justice, but he was not naive about the realities of implementing these principles in an agricultural society. He had a clear vision of the injustice inherent in economic inequalities and believed that the social revolution had to occur not only through wealth redistribution but also through a radical reorganization of labor.

The equality Babeuf defended was not limited to formal or legal equality but extended to material and economic equality, which required a complete transformation of society. He believed that equality could only be maintained if working conditions were fair and suited to the realities on the ground, which meant reorganizing production, especially in agriculture. Thus, he proposed the creation of collective farms where labor would be shared among peasants (from an agrarian point of view only). Of course, Gracchus made foolish moves, such as leaving a list of people associated with him, directly or indirectly, in his room, which Pierre Serna suggests was child's play for the police to find. According to Laura Mason, the police found hundreds of documents in an apartment near the center of Paris, including copies of underground pamphlets circulating in the capital, decrees for insurrection, and instructions to the confederates to incite the people to rebellion. Gracchus was irresponsible in this regard, which greatly exasperated his more sensible comrade Antonelle. Antonelle distanced himself from him, particularly in terms of how to achieve the revolution. I simplify, but for this noble revolutionary, the revolution should be saved through the ballot box and by fighting the system from within, even though history would show he was wrong on this point. Here’s what Antonelle wrote: “The act of insurrection is the dream of a sick man… The more I think about this too frivolous subject, the more I remain convinced that this great conspiracy was reduced to the petty annoyances of a few disgruntled minds, the pastimes of some idle people who shared their thoughts.” The problem was also that Gracchus didn't take the necessary measures for a clandestine operation, inadvertently putting many involved—whether directly or indirectly—in danger.

Gracchus Babeuf was often overwhelmed by enthusiasm throughout his life, to the point where, according to some historians, he was even said to have suffered from fevers. He first had an admiration for Robespierre, hated him, then adored him again as a Robespierrist. He formed connections with the Duplay family, though he befriended people from all political backgrounds. Some of his most important "lieutenants" in the Conspiracy, like the Hébertist Joseph Bodson, were anti-Robespierrists. He was very close to the family of Marat, particularly Albertine (who admired Danton), and he formed ties with Lindet, even though he was not part of the conspiracy. It seems that he had a certain talent for allying with others who did not necessarily share the same political views.

For Gracchus Babeuf, friendship did not exclude violent criticism, although this did not prevent him from continuing to hold the same people in high esteem with whom he had formed friendships. One example of this is his relationship with Jean-Paul Marat, as well as the vehement debates he had with Joseph Bodson about Robespierre (Gracchus Babeuf had become a Robespierrist again at that time). He was popular in Picardy.

After the failure of the Conspiracy of Equals, more than 200 warrants were issued. The repression was carried out, among others, by Lazare Carnot. However, there were armed attempts to try to save them, which ultimately failed. A High Court was established to investigate the matter. The conspirators were transported in simple cages on carts. Marie-Anne Babeuf, Gracchus' political right hand, followed the journey on foot, pregnant with their last child, Caius, and accompanied by their eldest son, Emile. It is worth noting that Gracchus was even more concerned about their second son, Camille, and wrote, "What have you done with my Camille? The poor, dear child! Is he the only one who couldn’t follow his dear father... no doubt he will cry for it, he must have cried. His young soul, full of the most delicate sensitivity, has long known the nature of the most touching affections. Why is he so young, so weak, he would have accompanied me with you in these terrible circumstances, and then Gracchus Babeuf would have been too happy." I wonder if madness had seized Camille, or if he never recovered from the trauma of seeing his father arrested, only to eventually be executed.

Marie-Anne Babeuf took the journey to see if she could free her husband, with the help of Pierre Hésine, whom she had settled with her family, to organize solidarity with the accused. She was not the only woman to make this arduous journey; Philippe Buonarroti's partner, Teresa Poggi, was also with her.

Even in prison, Babeuf kept himself informed about the situation. He even wrote to the Directoire: "Look beneath you, citizens Directors, to treat with me from power to power! You have seen the great confidence with which I am the center. You have seen that my party can well counterbalance yours! You have seen the vast ramifications it holds. I am more than convinced, this glimpse must have made you tremble!"

At his trial before the High Court, Babeuf showed remarkable courage, assuming all responsibility for the "society of democrats" while acknowledging all attacks against the Directoire, stating, "The decision of the jurors will solve this problem...: will France remain a Republic, or will it return to a monarchy?" He was sentenced to death with Darthé. Despite being injured by a suicide attempt, he reportedly showed great strength during his execution.

Six men, sentenced to deportation, were imprisoned and chained in caged enclosures. Among them were Blondeau (who escaped from Oléron and later Cayenne), Buonarroti, Cazin, Germain, Moroy, and Vadier. They were initially sent to the fort on Île Pelée, then to the national fort at Cherbourg, a prison of security. In Year VIII, they were transferred to the island of Oléron, before being subjected, for some, to house arrest. At least a significant number of them were acquitted.

Here is Germain's reaction: "The prisoners sentenced to deportation were intoxicated with joy at having escaped the torture that twenty of them knew they were threatened with. Germain, cheerful and full of wit, mocked the jurors. 'They are fools,' he said to Vieillard, 'not to see a conspiracy when there is one of the best-planned ever, and is there anything crazier than acquitting the women who were enraged (sic) and encouraged us all? Now that my life is saved, I will tell them everything I know. Besides, I conspired, I will always conspire. If they send me to Cayenne or Senegal, I will conspire, and if not with men, I will with parrots.'" (Charles Germain, Archives Nationales, F 16/582. C)

Dozens of Babouvists were released, but the last supporters of Babeuf attempted a final uprising by inciting soldiers at the Grenelle camp to revolt. After allowing the insurrection to grow, Carnot, a member of the Directoire, ordered the cavalry's intervention, commanded by Cochon de Lapparent. On October 9, 1796, about thirty insurgents, including several important figures of the Babouvist conspiracy, were executed by firing squad.

Jean-François Baby, an old friend of Vadier, had already been imprisoned in 1795 and denounced by Lakanal before being arrested again. Claude Javogues, a deputy from Rhône-et-Loire, had suppressed the federalist insurrection during the Terror of Foréz, humiliating the local populations by renaming cities. Marc-Antoine Huguet, a deputy from Creuse and notary, had participated in the invasion of the Convention by the sans-culottes on 12 Germinal, Year III. Finally, Joseph-Marie Cusset, a merchant and deputy from Rhône-et-Loire, had denounced the atrocities committed by the Austrian armies in 1792. (These are details I'm uncertain about for these four individuals, so I call for further information).

Interestingly, while Babeuf resented Grisel and Cochon, the police minister, he reserved only mild criticism for Carnot, one of the leading figures behind the Babouvist repression. While Babeuf had harshly criticized other directors of the Directoire, he directed only reproaches at Carnot, but not as harshly as at others. After the affair at the Grenelle camp and the condemnation of the Babouvists (especially since Babeuf endured particularly grueling imprisonment, being transferred in cages on carts while his pregnant wife walked alongside him to offer support and attempt to free him), public opinion was stirred. According to Mazauric, Carnot, despite his conservative stance on many issues, slowed down the repressive zeal of Merlin.

My theory: Babeuf spared Carnot in his final speech, even though Carnot had been a key figure in his execution and contributed to his arrest, which ultimately led to his death. Despite knowing what Carnot had done against him, Babeuf often criticized figures like Fréron, Tallien, Fouché, and Barras. However, he recognized that, for all his flaws, Carnot was more sincere than they were in safeguarding the Republic.

Felix Le Peletier, a close associate of Babeuf, would later become their protector. Marie-Anne Babeuf continued her activism. (I really like the friendship between Marie-Anne Babeuf, a woman of strong character, and Felix Le Peletier, described as a bon vivant). What’s interesting is that in 1808, when the Napoleonic police confiscate her papers, along with Antonelle (coincidence?), did they continue to associate despite Antonelle having distanced himself from Gracchus, though he remained close to Felix Le Peletier? There is a more plausible hypothesis: during the first conspiracy of Malet, the Napoleonic police, especially Fouché, seemed to let the plot develop to suppress any opposition.

Marie-Anne Babeuf was illiterate, likely due to a lack of formal education. However, it appears that she was proficient with numbers, likely from her experience as a servant, as she managed the subscriptions for her husband's newspaper, Tribun du Peuple. This led to her first arrest and imprisonment. She also worked as a seller of toiletries, among other things, to provide for her children. She was considered important enough to be arrested twice and mentioned in newspapers. Despite lacking access to education, she played a major role during the revolution.

Her son Camille went mad and committed suicide ( some said that he was "only" depressed as he could work even if he had to go to Charenton for a moment and kill himself out of sorrow at seeing the Allies enter Paris in 1815 ) . Her other son, Caius, died at the age of 17 during the foreign invasion of France in Vendôme. It’s possible that she outlived her last son, Emile, as despite her strong character and her arrests under the Directoire and Bonaparte, her date of death is unknown. Some say she was still alive when Emile died. She also witnessed many of her friends die under the mockery of justice, including Topino-Lebrun, executed under Bonaparte, or René Vatar, who died in deportation.

Sources: Jean Marc Schiappa Eric Walter Claude Mazaric Pascal Bajou Victor Daline

Sorry if there is any confusion I am a little exhausted at the moment

Here are also some links I've made about Gracchus Babeuf, his followers, and the opinions of certain revolutionaries he encountered:

Gracchus Babeuf’s opinion on the storming of the Bastille and the assassination of Foulon: link

Babeuf’s last letter to his family: link

Excerpts from letters and chapters of historians on the break between Babeuf and Fouché: link

Gracchus Babeuf's opinion on Napoleon Bonaparte: link

Relations between Gracchus Babeuf and Jean-Paul Marat: link

Gracchus Babeuf’s position on women’s rights: link

Babeuf’s thoughts on Danton according to Victor Daline: link

Marie-Anne Babeuf’s revolutionary journey: link

The last letter of Babeuf to his friend Felix Le Peletier and his final moments during his execution: link

Mini post on Babeuf’s opinion of Lazare Carnot at the time of his final arrest, which led to his execution: link

Opinion on Babeuf about Robespierre: link

(In addition to this post, which also touches on the Hébertist Babouvists who were Babeuf’s friends, but they didn’t like Robespierre).

Emile Babeuf and the letter he sent to Lazare Carnot during the Hundred Days: link

On the allies of Gracchus Babeuf:

The life of Antonelle: link

The life of Topino-Lebrun according to Claude Mazaric: link

This post is mostly a request for information on a letter from Felix Le Peletier, but you’ll find a link (unfortunately in French, sorry for those who don’t speak the language) to a study on Felix Le Peletier's life: link

The Affair of the Grenelle Camp: link

[roversrovers]

Soon, NEOWISE will turn into the very thing it studied: A shooting star.

On December 14th 2009, the space telescope WISE (Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer) was launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, to survey the entire infrared sky in four infrared wavelength bands. During the initial phase of operation it discovered a great variety of objects, such as the first Y-type brown dwarf and exoplanets, but it proved to be especially good at discovering near earth objects when its mission was extended for four months in 2010 and given the name NEOWISE. 

After being put into hibernation in 2011, it was reactivated in 2013, continuing under the mission name NEOWISE, a name that is meaningful in two ways: It is both short for Near-Earth Object Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer and describes the main function, but it also symbolizes the new life of WISE with the addition of the prefix Neo. Since the depletion of the coolant in 2010, giving WISE a “new” life became necessary, because only two of the initial four infrared detectors were still functioning, making a continuation of the original mission impossible– but it still provided enough data for a new one. 

The space telescope’s new primary role was that of an asteroid and comet hunter and as such it discovered around 3,000 Near-earth objects. Among them was its namesake, the comet NEOWISE.

However, on August 8th 2024, NEOWISE was decommissioned. This is due to the fact that it does not have any kind of propulsion engine and instead relies on a stable orbit– an orbit that is now becoming unstable because of solar activity. During the solar maximum, activities such as solar flares are heating Earth's upper atmosphere, which expands and drags satellites like NEOWISE, causing it to drop lower and lower. Predictions say that in early 2025 NEOWISE will finally burn up in our atmosphere, which we may observe as a shooting star in the sky.

NEOWISE’s story is one of great success with enough data collected to provide the scientific community for decades, and it laid important groundwork in protecting Earth and its inhabitants; a legacy that will be continued by the NEO Surveyor, expected to launch in 2027.

[cavenewstimestoday]

NEO Surveyor Instrument Enclosure Inside Historic Chamber A 

Monika Luabeya Mar 27, 2025 The instrument enclosure of NASA’s Near-Earth Object Surveyor is prepared for critical environmental tests inside the historic Chamber A at the Space Environment Simulation Laboratory at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston in December 2024. Wrapped in silver thermal blanketing, the 12-foot-long (3.7-meter-long) angular structure was subjected to the frigid,…

[dailyreportonline]

NASA Partners With SpaceX To Launch NEO Surveyor, a Mission To Detect Asteroid Threats | Daily Reports Online

A contract has been awarded by NASA to SpaceX for the launch of its Near-Earth Object (NEO) Surveyor spacecraft, which is intended to identify asteroids and comets that could pose a threat to Earth. The mission is set to launch no earlier than September 2027 from Florida’s Space Coast using a Falcon 9 rocket. The contract for the launch and related services has been valued at approximately $100…

[monterplant]

NASA Awards Planetary Defense Space Telescope Launch Services Contract

NASA has selected SpaceX of Starbase, Texas, to provide launch services for the Near-Earth Object (NEO) Surveyor mission, which will detect and observe asteroids and comets that could potentially pose an impact threat to Earth. The firm fixed price launch service task order is being awarded under the indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity NASA Launch Services II […] Continue reading NASA Awards…

[skylobster]

NEO Surveyor will be the next step in planetary defense. Specifically, know the whereabouts of the enemy.

Work is underway on NASA's next-generation asteroid hunter

The mirrors for NASA's Near-Earth Object Surveyor space telescope are being installed and aligned, and work on other spacecraft components is accelerating.

NASA's new asteroid-hunting spacecraft is taking shape at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California. Called NEO Surveyor (Near-Earth Object Surveyor), this cutting-edge infrared space telescope will seek out the hardest-to-find asteroids and comets that might pose a hazard to our planet. In fact, it is the agency's first space telescope designed specifically for planetary defense.

Targeting launch in late 2027, the spacecraft will travel a million miles to a region of gravitational stability—called the L1 Lagrange point—between Earth and the sun. From there, its large sunshade will block the glare and heat of sunlight, allowing the mission to discover and track near-Earth objects as they approach Earth from the direction of the sun, which is difficult for other observatories to do. The space telescope also may reveal asteroids called Earth Trojans, which lead and trail our planet's orbit and are difficult to see from the ground or from Earth orbit.

NEO Surveyor relies on cutting-edge detectors that observe two bands of infrared light, which is invisible to the human eye. Near-Earth objects, no matter how dark, glow brightly in infrared as the sun heats them. Because of this, the telescope will be able to find dark asteroids and comets, which don't reflect much visible light. It also will measure those objects, a challenging task for visible-light telescopes that have a hard time distinguishing between small, highly reflective objects and large, dark ones.

"NEO Surveyor is optimized to help us to do one specific thing: enable humanity to find the most hazardous asteroids and comets far enough in advance so we can do something about them," said Amy Mainzer, survey director for NEO Surveyor and a professor at the University of California, Los Angeles. "We aim to build a spacecraft that can find, track, and characterize the objects with the greatest chance of hitting Earth. In the process, we will learn a lot about their origins and evolution."

Coming into focus

The spacecraft's only instrument is its telescope. About the size of a washer-and-dryer set, the telescope's blocky aluminum body, called the optical bench, was built in a JPL clean room. Known as a three-mirror anastigmat telescope, it will rely on curved mirrors to focus light onto its infrared detectors in such a way that minimizes optical aberrations.

"We have been carefully managing the fabrication of the spacecraft's telescope mirrors, all of which were received in the JPL clean room by July," said Brian Monacelli, principal optical engineer at JPL. "Its mirrors were shaped and polished from solid aluminum using a diamond-turning machine. Each exceeds the mission's performance requirements."

Monacelli inspected the mirror surfaces for debris and damage, then JPL's team of optomechanical technicians and engineers attached the mirrors to the telescope's optical bench in August. Next, they will measure the telescope's performance and align its mirrors.

Complementing the mirror assembly are the telescope's mercury-cadmium-telluride detectors, which are similar to the detectors used by NASA's recently retired NEOWISE (short for Near-Earth Object Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer) mission.

An advantage of these detectors is that they don't necessarily require cryogenic coolers or cryogens to lower their operational temperatures in order to detect infrared wavelengths. Cryocoolers and cryogens can limit the lifespan of a spacecraft.

NEO Surveyor will instead keep its cool by using its large sunshade to block sunlight from heating the telescope and by occupying an orbit beyond that of the moon, minimizing heating from Earth.

The telescope will eventually be installed inside the spacecraft's instrument enclosure, which is being assembled in JPL's historic High Bay 1 clean room where NASA missions such as Voyager, Cassini, and Perseverance were constructed. Fabricated from dark composite material that allows heat to escape, the enclosure will help keep the telescope cool and prevent its own heat from obscuring observations.

Once it is completed in coming weeks, the enclosure will be tested to make sure it can withstand the rigors of space exploration. Then it will be mounted on the back of the sunshade and atop the electronic systems that will power and control the spacecraft.

"The entire team has been working hard for a long time to get to this point, and we are excited to see the hardware coming together with contributions from our institutional and industrial collaborators from across the country," said Tom Hoffman, NEO Surveyor's project manager at JPL.

"From the panels and cables for the instrument enclosure to the detectors and mirrors for the telescope—as well as components to build the spacecraft—hardware is being fabricated, delivered, and assembled to build this incredible observatory."

IMAGE: This artist’s concept depicts NASA’s NEO Surveyor in deep space. The black-paneled angular structure in the belly of the spacecraft is the instrument enclosure that is being built at JPL. The mission’s infrared telescope will be installed inside the enclosure. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

[michaelgabrill]

NEO Surveyor Instrument Enclosure Inside Historic Chamber A

The instrument enclosure of NASA’s Near-Earth Object Surveyor is prepared for critical environmental tests inside the historic Chamber A at the Space Environment Simulation Laboratory at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston in December 2024. Wrapped in silver thermal blanketing, the 12-foot-long (3.7-meter-long) angular structure was subjected to the frigid, airless conditions that the spacecraft […] from NASA https://ift.tt/yEuFofH

[capitalism-is-parasitism]

Asteroid hunters

In fact, the combined power of NEO Surveyor and the Rubin Observatory means that, by the 2040s, we should know whether Earth is in danger of being hit by a city killer-sized asteroid within the next century.

[scentedchildnacho]

Stochastic inflation...yea don't freak out no reason to get an eye twitch or spas....sure poise posture three ps yea

So there is a huge fire cloud from the mountain covering the sky don't freak out

Always exhibit grace

How are you going to get that out though if you don't exhibit symptoms though

I don't know what the fires are about its maybe clear cutting to put weird houses plantations and observatories up there.....or that's weird to have a surveyors Aztec company to supervise us all up there and they started burning weirdness down

I would also suspect they started burning down riverside neighborhoods....something kept taking in world wide detained criminals who were maybe originally wanted in Canada and hiring them to raid through for drug lords

Rawanda like 20 years after....that's don't live by me ever again

I tried to do my good deed and share my shelter arrival new hope with wait staff that can't leave their families and was cubanoed

People still trapped under paternal influance even if in fortune if it's some daddy's that I have sympathy for

I mostly have to learn simple things they as incest have very high stress states to learn...

If it's the landscaping terrorism their Cubans....fulgencio Batista first engineered rawanda in Florida so their Cubans.....little tapas is all I may eat to have my wallet lifted so

They little cup people and dump crowds on Mexicans so

The landscaping terrorists tend to enjoy neo Nazi books on nogales to the Chickasaw thieves so their Cubans

I was white and Latin and may touch pork

Guantanamo bay I think their from all over the world really random

The news just said the fires started at an airport and did start burning down homes

And that's apologies for the families around they can't be at home for a lot so