Rýnské vodopády (německy #Rheinfall, anglicky Rhine Falls) jsou největšími vodopády (z hlediska vodnosti) v Evropě. Vodopády leží na horním Rýnu mezi obcemi Neuhausen am Rheinfall a Laufen-Uhwiesen, nedaleko města #Schaffhausen v severní části Švýcarska, mezi kantony Schaffhausen a Curych.
Jsou 150 m široké a 23 m vysoké. V zimních měsících je průměrný průtok vody jen 250 m³/s, zatímco v létě se zvyšuje až na 700 m³/s. Maximální průtok 1250 m³/s byl naměřen v roce 1965, a nejnižší 95 m³/s v roce 1921.
Historický název Rýnských vodopádů zní Großes Laufen.
Towering around 250 m above the industrial city of Singen, the Hohentwiel is one of many reminders of the geological history near the Bodensee, or Lake Constance. This whole area was once volcanic, then the softer rock was eroded by the ice age, leaving this type of steep structure, around the old volcanic tube, behind.
A mountain like this would not have been easy to climb, especially when laden with weapons and armour, so unsurprisingly, several summits have fortress ruins on them. Hohentwiel is one of them (more on that and the climb - oh, the climb! - in another post), and Hohenkrähen, that rock jutting out ahead, is another.
The views from the top of Hohentwiel are just splendid. Two more ex-volcanoes are visible here: the Hohenstoffeln to the left, and the Hohenhewen to the right - there are lots of 'hohens' in Hegau, but it just means they're higher than villages. The weather was something to admire that day too, with showers floating around, like this one over the Schaffhausen area.
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A Day of Adventure and Relaxation in Schaffhausen and Berlingen
Yesterday’s excursion was a delightful blend of natural wonder, quaint town charm, and serene lakeside relaxation. Our day began in Berlingen, where we parked our car and hopped on the train to Schaffhausen, excited to explore the famous Rheinfall.
Discovering the Rheinfall
Rheinfall
The Rheinfall, Europe’s largest waterfall, is an awe-inspiring sight. Formed approximately 15,000 years ago…
In June, we said さようなら to Japan's first tilting electric multiple unit (see that post also for why you'd want tilt in the first place), launched in 1973. For some reason, adding tilt to Diesel multiple units needed a bit more time - my guess is engine vibrations play a part. Nonetheless, in 1989, JR Shikoku did it, launching the 2000 series tilting DMU. The company has continued with the technology, and the latest generation, the 2700 series shown above, is 5 years old this month.
The 2000 series is still in service, but I haven't yet seen any. However I have seen and ridden two derivatives of the 2000: the JR West KiHa 187 above, which reminds me of trains in England with its yellow front, and the streamlined Chizu Kyûkô HOT7000 below.
These trains run intercity services along the picturesque San'in coast - the Super Matsukaze and Super Oki in Yamaguchi, Shimane and Tottori prefectures -, and between the San'in and San'yô coasts - the Super Hakuto and Super Inaba in Hyôgo, Okayama and Tottori prefectures, which is how the HOT7000 got its name.
With these trains, Tottori to Himeji is done in under two hours, a similar time frame to what electric tilting trains can do between Okayama and Yonago. The mountains are also quite scenic, and the HOT7000 has a feature that I don't think I've seen anywhere else: a live cab cam.
Another country worked to develop tilting DMUs: Germany. This culminated with the high-speed ICE T, which I'm yet to encounter, but in the late 1990s, at a similar time to the Japanese examples above, Adtranz built the RegioSwinger, officially Baureihe 612. These yellow and white examples work in the South-West corner of Germany, along the Rhine between the Bodensee and Basel, with a couple of incursions into Switzerland.
Riding a tilting train is peculiar. 8° of tilt doesn't sound like much, but it adds up with the camber of the tracks to produce a visually impressive experience. The tilt is really noticeable, and it does what it's supposed to do, compensating the G-forces so you don't feel the pull to the side through corners. The downside of DMUs is that they tend to be quite noisy - the engines sound like they're giving 110% all the time! On the whole, I really like them.