#Zanthoxylum acanthopodium

[unfreethinker]

Ternyata Andaliman Itu Keluarga Jeruk?

Andaliman (Latin: Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) merupakan salah satu rempah yang paling banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat Batak di Sumatra Utara. Andaliman juga sering disebut sebagai merica Batak karena bentuknya memang mirip dengan merica, bulat kecil- kecil.  Rempah ini digunakan di hampir semua masakan tradisional Batak seperti sangsang (saksang), arsik, dan lain- lain. Selain tumbuh di Sumatra Utara, andaliman juga banyak ditemukan di Asia Timur dan Selatan, meski diduga berasal dari Cina dan Himalaya. 

Bagi yang sudah pernah mencoba, pasti tahu bahwa andaliman memiliki aroma yang unik dan cukup kuat, menyerupai aroma kulit jeruk dan lemon. Jika digigit, maka akan ada sensasi menyengat dan sepat di lidah, hal ini dikarenakan andaliman mengandung hydroxy alpha sanshool (molekul pada tumbuhan yang diyakini menimbulkan mati rasa  dan kesemutan).

Tidak banyak yang tahu, ternyata andaliman masuk ke dalam famili Rutaceae (keluarga jeruk- jerukan), yang artinya juga mengandung vitamin C dan E alami yang berfungsi untuk menjaga daya tahan tubuh. Itu sebabnya, dalam bahasa Inggris andaliman disebut dengan lemon pepper. 

[kevinscottgardens]

8 au 14 août 2022

Monday through Wednesday Karim was still on holiday, so all was tranquil on the domaine. The sun is rising later and later, so now I’m starting at 06.00. I’m still doing a lot of watering.

Thursday I did a big edit of Cephalaria transylvanica because it is a really good self-seeder and it looks best when there are fewer. It is performing well and at least there is something blooming in this heat. The Crithmum maritimum is starting to bloom too and the lime green stems are quite striking.

Ann was here for the weekend ! She arrived Friday evening and we enjoyed a nice dinner in Biot at Restaurant les Arcades. Saturday, after a good sleep-in and leisurely morning, we took a walk around the domaine. I was waiting around to see if the vet would appear. By 14.30 Fatima said I could go and that she would call me if needed. Ann and I jumped in the car and headed for Vallauris. Ann wanted to visit the pottery shops there.

We were home in time for Denis to arrive early to prepare for a barbecue. Éric and Luc arrived at 19h00 for dinner. We enjoyed multi-course meal: a bit of pasta Denis had picked up that morning in Vintimille, then three types of fish, then steak with corn on the cob, spinach and aubergines. It was a great evening for me to get some good French speaking practice.

Sunday, again a nice leisurely morning then we headed up to Saint-Paul de Vence. We had an amazing view and a nice lunch. From there I took Ann to Antibes and we had a nice walk around the old town. We headed home for a cup of tea before I took her to the airport. It was a fun weekend.

Plant of the week

Rutaceae Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.

common name(s) - Japanese pepper, Japanese lemon pepper, Andaliman, Sichuan peppercorn, Sichuan pepper, Sichuan prickly ash, Anise pepper, Chinese pepper, Indonesian lemon pepper, Japanese prickly ash synonym(s) - Fagara acanthopodium (DC.) M.Hiroe; Zanthoxylum acanthopodium var. acanthopodium; Z. acanthopodium var. oligotrichum Z.M.Tan; Z. acanthopodium var. timbor Hook.f.; Z. alatum Wall.; Z. timbor Wall. conservation rating - Least Concern native to - Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam location - Domaine de l’Orangerie leaves - bark greyish black; branchlets rust-coloured pubescent to nearly glabrous, usually with prickles; leaves 3- to 9-foliolate; rachis wings to 3mm on each side; leaflet blades sessile, opposite, ovate-elliptic to lanceolate, papery, both surfaces glabrous to rust-coloured pubescent, oil glands inconspicuous, secondary veins 10 to 28 on each side of midvein and evident, margin entire or crenate flowers - dioecious; tepals pale yellowish green, narrowly lanceolate fruit - follicles usually purplish red, glabrous or sometimes with sparse trichomes, oil glands large and protruding; seeds ca. 3mm in diameter habit - prickly, evergreen plant that varies in habit from a shrub to a woody climber or a small tree to 6m tall and 6m wide habitat - upland open forests and thickets at elevations from 1,400m to 3,200m; montane forest margins; rocky places and hanging from cliffs in the Himalayas pests - generally pest-free disease - generally disease-free hardiness - to -10ºC (H4) soil - moist and well-drained to moisture retentive sun - full sun propagation - root suckers removed from near the base of the plant over winter during dormancy; seeds should be sown in a cold frame in the autumn; semi-ripe cuttings in midsummer are possible but, with so much fruit, why bother pruning - never prune new growth because that is what will bear the pepper nomenclature - Rutaceae - ruta - unpleasantness, the ancient Greek name for rue; Zanthoxylum - yellow wood; acanthopodium - acantho- thorny, spiny, -podium - foot, stock, extremity NB - closely related Sichuan pepper, Z. piperitum, the seed pericarps are used as spices in cooking and have a similar tongue-numbing characteristic; however, in cooking, the flavour of andaliman has lemon-like notes (similar to those of lemon-grass) as well as a hint of the aromatic pandan leaf.

References :

Burncoose Nurseries [online] https://www.burncoose.co.uk/site/content.cfm?ref=Zanthoxylum+-+Growing+Guide [17 Aug 22]

Gledhill, David, (2008) “The Names of Plants”, fourth edition; Cambridge University Press; ISBN: 978-0-52168-553-5

Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) [online] https://www.gbif.org/species/7269121 [17 Aug 22]

IUCN [online] https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136144639/136144641 [17 Aug 22]

Plants of the World [online] https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775546-1 [17 Aug 22]

Shoot Gardening [online] https://www.shootgardening.co.uk/plant/zanthoxylum-acanthopodium [17 Aug 22]

Useful Tropical Plants [online] http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Zanthoxylum+acanthopodium [17 Aug 22]

Wikipedia [online] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanthoxylum_acanthopodium [17 Aug 22]

World Flora Online [online] http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0001132687 [17 Aug 22]